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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toponymy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Toponymy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toponymy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Industrial history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_as_a_dormitory_town" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_as_a_dormitory_town"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Development as a dormitory town</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_as_a_dormitory_town-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Tourism and recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_of_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>History of education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Schools_today" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schools_today"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Schools today</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schools_today-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Religion subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_of_religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>History of religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion_today" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion_today"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Religion today</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion_today-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Golf" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Golf"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Golf</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Golf-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rugby" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rugby"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Rugby</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rugby-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Public services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_town" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_town"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Twin town</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_town-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Карнусти – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Карнусти" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="کارنوستی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارنوستی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0rn_%C3%99staidh" title="Càrn Ùstaidh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Càrn Ùstaidh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0rn_%C3%99staidh" title="Càrn Ùstaidh – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Càrn Ùstaidh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%88%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0" title="카누스티 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카누스티" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8C%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3" title="カーヌスティ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カーヌスティ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Carnoustie" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96" title="Карноусті – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карноусті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%AB%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82" title="卡諾斯蒂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡諾斯蒂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Carnoustie&params=56.501_N_2.71_W_region:GB_type:city(11310)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°30′04″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°42′36″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.501°N 2.710°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.501; -2.710</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Angus, Scotland</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Human settlement in Scotland</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1165525471">.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-label{width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place-other-names{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place td,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Carnoustie<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist ib-uk-place-other-names"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: <i lang="gd">Càrn Ùstaidh<sup id="cite_ref-ainmean_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ainmean-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></li></ul></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carnoustiehighstreet.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Carnoustiehighstreet.JPG/240px-Carnoustiehighstreet.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Carnoustiehighstreet.JPG/360px-Carnoustiehighstreet.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Carnoustiehighstreet.JPG/480px-Carnoustiehighstreet.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2239" data-file-height="1601" /></a></span><div>Carnoustie High Street</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Angus_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Carnoustie is located in Angus"><img alt="Carnoustie is located in Angus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Angus_UK_location_map.svg/240px-Angus_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Angus_UK_location_map.svg/360px-Angus_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Angus_UK_location_map.svg/480px-Angus_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:83.167%;left:71.818%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Carnoustie"><img alt="Carnoustie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Carnoustie</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within <a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">11,310 (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Carnoustian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/maps/?mkt=en-gb&v=2&cp=56.500516~-2.714721&lvl=13&sp=Point.56.500516_-2.714721_Carnoustie&sty=s&style=s">NO561345</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">• <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></th><td class="infobox-data">42 mi (68 km) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">SSW</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">• <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></th><td class="infobox-data">367 mi (591 km) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">SSE</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">Council area</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenancy_areas_of_Scotland" title="Lieutenancy areas of Scotland">Lieutenancy area</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">CARNOUSTIE</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/DD_postcode_area" title="DD postcode area">DD7</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">01241</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Scotland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Scottish Fire and Rescue Service">Scottish</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Ambulance_Service" title="Scottish Ambulance Service">Scottish</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dundee East (UK Parliament constituency)">Dundee East</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Scottish Parliament constituencies and electoral regions">Scottish Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angus_South_(Scottish_Parliament_constituency)" title="Angus South (Scottish Parliament constituency)">Angus South</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List of places</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Scotland" title="List of places in Scotland">Scotland</a></dd> <dd></dd></dl></div> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Carnoustie&params=56.501_N_2.71_W_region:GB_type:city(11310)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°30′04″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°42′36″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.501°N 2.710°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.501; -2.710</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Carnoustie</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: <i lang="gd">Càrn Ùstaidh</i>) is a town and former <a href="/wiki/Police_burgh" title="Police burgh">police burgh</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">council area</a> of <a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus, Scotland</a>. It is at the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Barry_Burn" title="Barry Burn">Barry Burn</a> on the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> coast. In the <a href="/wiki/UK_census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="UK census 2011">2011 census</a>, Carnoustie had a population of 11,394,<sup id="cite_ref-census1971–2011_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1971–2011-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the fourth-largest town in Angus. The town was founded in the late 18th century, and grew rapidly throughout the 19th century due to the growth of the local textile industry. It was popular as a tourist resort from the early <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a> up to the latter half of the 20th century, due to its seaside location, and is best known for the <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_Golf_Links" title="Carnoustie Golf Links">Carnoustie Golf Links</a> course that often hosts <a href="/wiki/The_Open_Championship" title="The Open Championship">the Open Championship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carnoustie can be considered a <a href="/wiki/Commuter_town" title="Commuter town">dormitory town</a> for its nearest city, <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a>, which is 11 miles (18 kilometres) to the west. It is served principally by <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_railway_station" title="Carnoustie railway station">Carnoustie railway station</a>, and also by <a href="/wiki/Golf_Street_railway_station" title="Golf Street railway station">Golf Street railway station</a>. Its nearest major road is the <a href="/wiki/A92_road" title="A92 road">A92</a>, north of the town. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toponymy">Toponymy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Toponymy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KarnoustyPont.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/16/KarnoustyPont.jpg/220px-KarnoustyPont.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/16/KarnoustyPont.jpg/330px-KarnoustyPont.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/16/KarnoustyPont.jpg/440px-KarnoustyPont.jpg 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="363" /></a><figcaption>"Karnousty" as depicted on <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Pont" title="Timothy Pont">Timothy Pont</a>'s map c. 1583–96.<sup id="cite_ref-Pont_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pont-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Carnoustie's name is of uncertain origin. The first element has been linked to a variety of Gaelic words, including <i>cathair</i> (fort), <i>càrr</i> (stone), and <i>carn</i> (cairn), but the second has eluded interpretation.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Càrn Ùstaidh</i>, the name used by <a href="/wiki/Ainmean-%C3%80ite_na_h-Alba" title="Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba">Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba</a>, is merely a Gaelicized form of the English name.<sup id="cite_ref-ainmean_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ainmean-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A popular theory interprets the name as "craws' nestie", in reference to the large number of crows and rooks which once built their nests here, and the burgh seal displays a tree surrounded by crows in allusion to this.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whatever its origin, the name predates the town itself by several hundred years. It first appears as "Carnowis" in a charter issued by <a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James IV</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Douglas,_5th_Earl_of_Angus" title="Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus">Earl of Angus</a> in 1510.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Carnussie" farm is recorded in the <a href="/wiki/Balmerino_Abbey" title="Balmerino Abbey">Balmerino Abbey</a> register of <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1575,<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p11_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson_1892_p11-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which states that it (along with part of Grange of Barry and Badiehill) was feued to the Fairny family<sup id="cite_ref-balmerino_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-balmerino-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "Karnousty" farm can be seen on <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Pont" title="Timothy Pont">Pont's</a> map of Lower Angus, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1583––1596.<sup id="cite_ref-Pont_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pont-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town is seen as "Carnowstie" in a deed of sale from 1595,<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepapers_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepapers-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Carnushie" appears in a tax roll from Balmerino Abbey in 1617,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETax_roll1861_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETax_roll1861-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the lands of "Carnouslie" are referred to in the title deeds confirming its purchase by the <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Panmure" title="Earl of Panmure">Earl of Panmure</a> in 1672.<sup id="cite_ref-georgemaulepurchase_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgemaulepurchase-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adair is perhaps the first to depict Carnoustie with the current spelling in 1703,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/William_Roy" title="William Roy">Roy's</a> military survey of Scotland, 1747–55 has it as "Cornisty".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Webster's Topographical Dictionary of Scotland (1819), Carnoustie is mentioned as "Carnuistie".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Camus_cross.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Camus_cross.jpg/220px-Camus_cross.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Camus_cross.jpg/330px-Camus_cross.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Camus_cross.jpg/440px-Camus_cross.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1672" data-file-height="2636" /></a><figcaption>Camus Stone</figcaption></figure> <p>The area surrounding Carnoustie has been occupied continuously since the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> period, as evidenced by a <a href="/wiki/Cursus" title="Cursus">Cursus</a> monument, identified from cropmarks near <a href="/wiki/Woodhill,_Angus" title="Woodhill, Angus">Woodhill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This cursus is of a similar scale to the well characterised, mid-4th-century BC enclosure found nearby at Douglasmuir near <a href="/wiki/Friockheim" title="Friockheim">Friockheim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numerous stones incised with <a href="/wiki/Cup_and_ring_mark" title="Cup and ring mark">cup and ring marks</a> have also been found in the surrounding area.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An assemblage of Late Neolithic pottery fragments found at <a href="/wiki/Carlogie" title="Carlogie">Carlogie</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> mile (800 metres) north of Carnoustie, has been interpreted as evidence of a settlement of that age in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a> archaeology is also present in the area. Numerous short cist burials have been found in the area, including one found in 1994 at West Scryne, one mile (1.5 kilometres) northeast of Carnoustie, that was radiocarbon dated to between 1730 and 1450 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The presence of Bronze Age <a href="/wiki/Round_barrow" title="Round barrow">round barrows</a> at Craigmill is also indicated by cropmarks.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>, perhaps the most prominent remains are of the <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a> Law Hill Fort,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the Iron Age fort at Craigmill Den being less well known.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Near to Carnoustie can be found the <a href="/wiki/Souterrain" title="Souterrain">souterrains</a> at <a href="/wiki/Carlungie_and_Ardestie_earthhouses" title="Carlungie and Ardestie earthhouses">Carlungie and Ardestie</a>, which date from around the 2nd century AD. Several <a href="/wiki/Broch" title="Broch">brochs</a> are also found in the area, including the ruins at Drumsturdy<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at Craighill.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Roman_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman empire">Roman</a> remains are also found in the area. Particularly notable are the temporary marching camps at Kirkbuddo,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marcus and Finavon,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Roman coins have periodically been found nearby.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Picts" title="Picts">Pictish</a> remains are to be found in abundance in the surrounding area. <a href="/wiki/Pictish_stones#Classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Pictish stones">Class I</a> <a href="/wiki/Pictish_stones" class="mw-redirect" title="Pictish stones">sculptured stones</a> from <a href="/wiki/Aberlemno_Sculptured_Stones" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberlemno Sculptured Stones">Aberlemno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strathmartine" title="Strathmartine">Strathmartine</a> can be seen in the <a href="/wiki/McManus_Galleries" class="mw-redirect" title="McManus Galleries">McManus Galleries</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the class I <a href="/wiki/Dunnichen_Stone" title="Dunnichen Stone">Dunnichen Stone</a> is on loan to the <a href="/wiki/Meffan_Institute" title="Meffan Institute">Meffan Institute</a> in <a href="/wiki/Forfar" title="Forfar">Forfar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A class I stone can also be seen in situ at Aberlemno, and this stone appears to be a recycled neolithic stone, having cup and ring marks apparent on its side. Class II stones can be seen at Aberlemno and <a href="/wiki/Glamis" title="Glamis">Glamis</a> and a much-misinterpreted class III stone (known locally as the <a href="/wiki/Camus_Cross" title="Camus Cross">Camus Cross</a>) can be found four miles (six kilometres) north of Carnoustie at Camuston Hill on Panmure Estate.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Linked in misinterpretation with the Camus stone is the <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Medieval_Scotland" title="Christianity in Medieval Scotland">early Christian Pictish</a> cemetery that was situated to the West of the Lochty <a href="/wiki/Burn_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn (topography)">burn</a>, in the vicinity of the High Street.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The soil in this vicinity is sandy and was prone to wind erosion, and periodically human remains became exposed to the surface prior to the founding of the town. Popular interpretation was that a great battle had taken place at the site, giving rise to the legend of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barry" title="Battle of Barry">Battle of Barry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Barry_stats1_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barry_stats1-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_High_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the High Middle Ages">medieval period</a> marks the earliest recorded history in the area. <a href="/wiki/Arbroath_Abbey" title="Arbroath Abbey">Arbroath Abbey</a> was founded by <a href="/wiki/William_the_Lion" title="William the Lion">William the Lion</a> and dedicated in 1178<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_1860_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller_1860-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the earldom of Dundee granted to <a href="/wiki/David_of_Scotland,_Earl_of_Huntingdon" class="mw-redirect" title="David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon">David, Earl of Huntingdon</a> around 1182<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Dundee later gained Royal <a href="/wiki/Burgh" title="Burgh">Burgh</a> status in 1292 on the coronation of David's heir, <a href="/wiki/John_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Scotland">John Balliol</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Closer to Carnoustie, a number of medieval <a href="/wiki/Motte-and-bailey" class="mw-redirect" title="Motte-and-bailey">mottes</a> can be found, including at Old Downie, where the thanage can be traced to Duncan of Downie in 1254,<sup id="cite_ref-medscot_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medscot-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at Grange of Barry,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as the ruins of <a href="/wiki/Panmure_Castle" title="Panmure Castle">Panmure Castle</a> where, it is said, William the Lion signed the Panmure charter granting the lands of Panmure to <a href="/wiki/Philip_de_Valognes" title="Philip de Valognes">Philip de Valognes</a> in 1172.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (November 2010)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Carnoustie#Dubious" title="Talk:Carnoustie">discuss</a></i>]</sup> The original castle was destroyed at some point in the <a href="/wiki/Second_War_of_Scottish_Independence" title="Second War of Scottish Independence">Second War of Independence</a>, possibly in 1336.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_1860_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller_1860-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Parish" title="Parish">Parish</a> of Barry was bestowed to the monks of <a href="/wiki/Balmerino_Abbey" title="Balmerino Abbey">Balmerino Abbey</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a> by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_II_of_Scotland" title="Alexander II of Scotland">Alexander II</a> in 1230. The monks managed the lands from the <a href="/wiki/Monastic_grange" title="Monastic grange">Grange</a> of Barry and latterly the land was controlled by the office of the Bailies of Barry, an early holder of this position being Sir Thomas Maule of Panmure in 1511.<sup id="cite_ref-balmerino_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-balmerino-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of <a href="/wiki/Feu_(land_tenure)" title="Feu (land tenure)">feus</a> were granted in the parish around that time, including Ravensby in 1539, Gedhall to David Gardyne in 1541, half of Barry Links and Cowbyres to Walter Cant in 1545 and the other half of the links to Robert Forrester in 1552.<sup id="cite_ref-balmerino_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-balmerino-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A document from around this time details the rent charged for each of the farms in the area, and it is in this that we see the first mention of Carnoustie: </p> <blockquote><p>"The two part of Grange of Barrie 10s. land of ye same 9 aikers of badihill. And toun and lands of Carnussie set to ffairny for 25 li. 2s. 24 capons 20 puld."<sup id="cite_ref-balmerino_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-balmerino-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The land was annexed by the state in the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a> following an <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Parliament">Act of Parliament</a> in 1587 and the Bailiery of Barry was granted by <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI</a> as a heritable gift to Patrick Maule in 1590. Ownership of the lands was granted by the King to <a href="/wiki/James_Elphinstone,_1st_Lord_Balmerino" title="James Elphinstone, 1st Lord Balmerino">James Elphinstone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State</a> in 1599 (ratified 1605),<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was sold to George Maule, 2nd <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Panmure" title="Earl of Panmure">Earl of Panmure</a> in 1667 (ratified in 1672) for £746 13s 4d.<sup id="cite_ref-georgemaulepurchase_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgemaulepurchase-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The land was forfeited following <a href="/wiki/James_Maule,_4th_Earl_of_Panmure" title="James Maule, 4th Earl of Panmure">James Maule, 4th Earl of Panmure</a>'s involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1715" title="Jacobite rising of 1715">Jacobite rising of 1715</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-balmerino_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-balmerino-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first recorded owners of the Barony of Panbride was the Morham family, whose ancestral name was Malherbe.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are first mentioned in relation to Panbride in the registers of <a href="/wiki/Arbroath_Abbey" title="Arbroath Abbey">Arbroath Abbey</a> in a charter of John Morham made in the mid-13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Arbroath_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arbroath-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is thought that they had possession of the land until 1309 when <a href="/wiki/Robert_I_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert I of Scotland">Robert I</a> conferred the land to his brother in law, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fraser_of_Touchfraser_and_Cowie" title="Alexander Fraser of Touchfraser and Cowie">Alexander Fraser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Chamberlain" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Chamberlain">Lord Chamberlain of Scotland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fraser died at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dupplin_Moor" title="Battle of Dupplin Moor">Battle of Dupplin Moor</a> in 1332 and it is thought that <a href="/wiki/David_II_of_Scotland" title="David II of Scotland">David II</a> conferred the barony (at least in part) to the Boyce family in 1341.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The lands of Panbride were fragmented and passed through a number of hands from that point, and were gradually acquired by the Carnegie family, later to become the <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Northesk" title="Earl of Northesk">Earls of Northesk</a>, in the 16th century. The lands were forfeited following the Jacobite rebellion but were bought back by James Carnegie in 1764. Carnegie used the lands to purchase lands near his main estate and the barony of Panbride passed to William Maule, linking Panbride with Panmure.<sup id="cite_ref-Adams_and_Falconer_1990_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adams_and_Falconer_1990-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origin">Origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carnoustie1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carnoustie1900.jpg/220px-Carnoustie1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carnoustie1900.jpg/330px-Carnoustie1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carnoustie1900.jpg/440px-Carnoustie1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2172" data-file-height="1381" /></a><figcaption>Carnoustie, <i>c.</i> 1900</figcaption></figure> <p>The lands of Carnoustie remained in the ownership of the Fernie family until the end of the 16th century. In 1595 they had passed into the hands of Mitchell Downie and Margaret Fernie who sold them to Robert Bultie, <a href="/wiki/Burgess_(title)" title="Burgess (title)">Burgess</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a> for the sum of 5,000 <a href="/wiki/Merk_(coin)" title="Merk (coin)">merks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepapers_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepapers-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They then came into the possession of the Alexander family, probably around the beginning of the 17th century,<sup id="cite_ref-Angus_or_Forfarshire_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angus_or_Forfarshire-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and documents dating to the middle of that century mention a village of Carnoustie. The estate was then sold to Patrick Lyon of Strathmore around 1680, and remained in that family's ownership, passing through marriage to James Milne, a wealthy shipmaster from Montrose around 1752.<sup id="cite_ref-Angus_or_Forfarshire_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angus_or_Forfarshire-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Barry <a href="/wiki/Parish_register" title="Parish register">parish register</a> attests to a small but thriving community based largely on <a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">linen</a> weaving existing on the land that became Carnoustie at least from the early 18th century (before then, the place of residence is not listed in the records). Around a fifth of the births registered in the parish in the mid-18th century are listed as being in the Carnoustie <a href="/wiki/Estate_(house)" class="mw-redirect" title="Estate (house)">estate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The stimulus that triggered the expansion of the town was undoubtedly the sudden increase in demand for linen from around 1760, caused by the population explosion of the mid-18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Smout_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smout-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Handloom weaving was a relatively easy trade to learn and, at that time, a fairly prosperous career. In 1792 on his return from India, Major William Phillips, former valet to the <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Panmure" title="Earl of Panmure">Earl of Panmure</a>, purchased Carnoustie estate from James Milne for £5,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p11_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson_1892_p11-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Angus_or_Forfarshire_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angus_or_Forfarshire-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phillips most likely recognised the potential of the local industry when he offered portions of the land for <a href="/wiki/Feu_(land_tenure)" title="Feu (land tenure)">feu</a> in 1797. </p><p>The first person to take up a feu was <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lowson" title="Thomas Lowson">Thomas Lowson</a>, a local loom wright, who rented two acres (one hectare) of land near the new road that had been recently been marked out by David Gardyne of Ravensby.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost2_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost2-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the next few years, more and more people settled in the immediate area The venture proved profitable and Phillips sold the property in 1808 to <a href="/wiki/George_Kinloch_(MP)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Kinloch (MP)">George Kinloch</a> for £11,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p15_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson_1892_p15-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kinloch promoted the further growth of the village, setting up brickworks and granting loans to prospective feuers to allow them to settle<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p15_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson_1892_p15-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, by the mid-19th century, the population of the town had risen to more than a thousand.<sup id="cite_ref-lewis_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lewis-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For many years, the village was known simply as 'the Feus'. Perhaps the first cartographic depiction of the town is from a French maritime chart of 1803, where the village is shown as 'Feux',<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Thomson's 1832 map of the area shows 'the Feus' as being a number of properties, largely concentrated in the area to the west of the Lochty <a href="/wiki/Burn_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn (topography)">burn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_history">Industrial history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Industrial history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The handloom <a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">linen</a> weaving industry dominated Carnoustie's economy through its early years. <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">Flax</a> was grown in considerable quantities in the area and supplemented imports from <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St Petersburg">St Petersburg</a>. The predominant occupation listed in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_1841" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 1841">1841 census</a> and 1843 statistical account for Barry Parish is that of "Linen <a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">Hand Loom</a> <a href="/wiki/Weaver_(occupation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Weaver (occupation)">Weaver</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Barry_stats2_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barry_stats2-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The expansion in the linen industry supported a population increase in the Barry Parish from 796 in 1791<sup id="cite_ref-Barry_stats1_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barry_stats1-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 2,124 by the time of the 1841 census.<sup id="cite_ref-Barry_stats2_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barry_stats2-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aside from the linen industry, the economy rested mainly on agriculture and fishing. Major crops of that period were cereal and vegetables;<sup id="cite_ref-Barry_stats1_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barry_stats1-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> much of which was sold on to markets in local towns. Cattle were raised for export to England. Salmon were caught in nets on Carnoustie Beach,<sup id="cite_ref-Barry_stats2_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barry_stats2-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the small fishing fleets of Westhaven and Easthaven caught cod for export and haddock which was largely destined for <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Forfar" title="Forfar">Forfar</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">Lobsters</a> were caught for live export to London and crabs were caught for local use.<sup id="cite_ref-Panbride_stats2_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Panbride_stats2-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The arrival of the <a href="/wiki/Dundee_and_Arbroath_Railway" title="Dundee and Arbroath Railway">Dundee and Arbroath Railway</a> in 1838 encouraged major industrial growth in the town and shortly after, the <a href="/wiki/Vitriol" title="Vitriol">Vitriol</a> Works opened near the railway line, on ground to the west of the town, producing <a href="/wiki/Sulfuric_acid" title="Sulfuric acid">sulphuric acid</a> used largely in the production of agricultural <a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">fertiliser</a>. The Panbride <a href="/wiki/Bleachfield" title="Bleachfield">Bleachfield</a>, at which linen from the expanding local industry was <a href="/wiki/Bleach" title="Bleach">bleached</a> was opened by John Dickson in the early 1840s adjacent to the railway near the mouth of the Craigmill <a href="/wiki/Burn_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn (topography)">burn</a><sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost1_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on land which is now occupied by David Murray Transport.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was supplied with water from the burn via the ponds that can now be seen in the grounds of Panbride House, now the location of the <a href="/wiki/Liz_McColgan" title="Liz McColgan">Liz McColgan</a> Health Club.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panmureworks.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Panmureworks.JPG/220px-Panmureworks.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Panmureworks.JPG/330px-Panmureworks.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Panmureworks.JPG/440px-Panmureworks.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2523" data-file-height="1557" /></a><figcaption>James Smieton's Panmure Works, built 1857. Now housing D.J. Laing</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1851, <a href="/wiki/Shoe_maker" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoe maker">shoe maker</a> John Winter opened a shop near The Cross. His business grew such that he built a large factory in 1874 at the foot of East Path (now Park Avenue/Queen Street), employing 200 people and producing 2,000 pairs of shoes and boots a week. His son, George, took over the business and built the impressive mansion, Winterdyne, that overlooks Carnoustie House Grounds at the top of Queen Street.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Production ceased in 1958, and the Lousen Park sheltered housing complex was subsequently built at the site.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost1_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The linen industry in Carnoustie was modernised in 1857 with the opening of the Panmure Works by James Smieton. This factory, which at its height employed 600 employees, was a state-of-the-art facility containing 400 modern <a href="/wiki/Power_loom" title="Power loom">power looms</a> and produced 6 million yards (5.5 megametres) of <a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">linen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">jute</a> annually. Smieton also built new housing on a number of streets in the surrounding area for his employees and, in 1865, he opened the Panmure Works Institute on Kinloch Street which provided a library, <a href="/wiki/Cue_sports" title="Cue sports">billiards</a> room and a hall for the education and recreation of his workers. The firm went through several changes of ownership through its history and was owned by W. G. Grant & Co Ltd from 1932 until 1972 when it went into liquidation.<sup id="cite_ref-MS47_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MS47-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The smaller Taymouth Linen works were opened in 1867 to the west of Panmure Works and the Vitriol Works, and at its height contained 100 power looms. Again, additional housing was built by the owners, the Brodies, including Taymouth Terrace.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p47_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson_1892_p47-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1898 Taymouth Works had become home to the business of George Anderson, owner of the Arbroath Foundry. George Anderson & Co. Ltd. produced for example, quarrying equipment such as channelling machines.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The business evolved into Anderson-Grice Co. Ltd. which produced a range of mechanical equipment, including the short-lived Dalhousie motor car.<sup id="cite_ref-AndersonGrice_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AndersonGrice-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_as_a_dormitory_town">Development as a dormitory town</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Development as a dormitory town"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to bringing industry to Carnoustie, the opening of the railway also made the town appealing to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_class" title="Middle class">middle classes</a>, who used it as a <a href="/wiki/Commuter_town" title="Commuter town">commuter town</a> for <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a>, further boosting population growth in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-angus_council2_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-angus_council2-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This trend has continued to the present day to the point where nearly half of the employed population now commute to Dundee for work.<sup id="cite_ref-commute_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commute-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism_and_recreation">Tourism and recreation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tourism and recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CarnoustieLinks1_(halftone_removed).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CarnoustieLinks1_%28halftone_removed%29.jpg/220px-CarnoustieLinks1_%28halftone_removed%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CarnoustieLinks1_%28halftone_removed%29.jpg/330px-CarnoustieLinks1_%28halftone_removed%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CarnoustieLinks1_%28halftone_removed%29.jpg/440px-CarnoustieLinks1_%28halftone_removed%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1430" data-file-height="838" /></a><figcaption>Carnoustie Links, circa 1910</figcaption></figure> <p>Carnoustie benefited from the 19th-century fashion for sea bathing.<sup id="cite_ref-lewis_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lewis-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The arrival of the railway enabled the town to develop as a popular tourist destination; it was promoted as the "<a href="/wiki/Brighton" title="Brighton">Brighton</a> of the North" in the early 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While golf has been played on Barry links since the 16th century a formal 10 hole golf course was laid out in 1850 to the design of Alan Robertson of St Andrews. This was later improved in 1867 by <a href="/wiki/Old_Tom_Morris" title="Old Tom Morris">Old Tom Morris</a>, who added a further 8 holes.<sup id="cite_ref-golfhistory_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-golfhistory-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This course was redesigned in the 1920s by <a href="/wiki/James_Braid_(golfer)" title="James Braid (golfer)">James Braid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Golfarchives_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Golfarchives-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1891, Arthur George Maule Ramsey, 14th <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Dalhousie" title="Earl of Dalhousie">Earl of Dalhousie</a>, sold the links to the town on condition that they would be maintained for all time as a golf course. A three-day bazaar was held at the Kinnaird Hall in Dundee, which raised the funds for the purchase and secured the future of the links for golfing and leisure.<sup id="cite_ref-golfhistory_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-golfhistory-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tourism in Carnoustie began to decline in the latter half of the 20th century, largely due to the increased availability of package tours to warmer parts of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-angus_council2_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-angus_council2-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This trend has reversed somewhat with the increase in golf tourism. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carnoustie is represented within <a href="/wiki/Angus_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Angus Council">Angus Council</a> by the Carnoustie & District ward, from which three councillors are elected.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town is part of the <a href="/wiki/Dundee_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dundee East (UK Parliament constituency)">Dundee East constituency</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> which returns a Member of Parliament (MP) to the <a href="/wiki/British_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="British House of Commons">House of Commons</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Westminster</a>. The constituency's MP is <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Hosie" title="Stewart Hosie">Stewart Hosie</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carnoustie is also part of the <a href="/wiki/Angus_South_(Scottish_Parliament_constituency)" title="Angus South (Scottish Parliament constituency)">Angus South constituency</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a>, which has significantly different boundaries to the Westminster constituency. The constituency returns a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) to <a href="/wiki/Holyrood,_Edinburgh" title="Holyrood, Edinburgh">Holyrood</a> directly, and is part of the <a href="/wiki/North_East_Scotland_(Scottish_Parliament_electoral_region)" title="North East Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)">North East Scotland electoral region</a> with regards to additional Members of the Scottish Parliament. The constituency's MSP is <a href="/wiki/Graeme_Dey" title="Graeme Dey">Graeme Dey</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coastal_defences_Carnoustie_Beach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_308075.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Coastal_defences_Carnoustie_Beach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_308075.jpg/220px-Coastal_defences_Carnoustie_Beach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_308075.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Coastal_defences_Carnoustie_Beach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_308075.jpg/330px-Coastal_defences_Carnoustie_Beach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_308075.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Coastal_defences_Carnoustie_Beach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_308075.jpg/440px-Coastal_defences_Carnoustie_Beach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_308075.jpg 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="367" /></a><figcaption>Carnoustie Beach with rocks to combat coastal erosion</figcaption></figure> <p>Carnoustie occupies a seafront position on the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> coast of Scotland, on land immediately northeast of the Buddon Ness, 10 miles (16 kilometres) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">ENE</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-postcode_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-postcode-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">6<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> miles (10 kilometres) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">SW</a> of <a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a><sup id="cite_ref-postcode_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-postcode-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 13 miles (21 kilometres) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">SSE</a> of <a href="/wiki/Forfar" title="Forfar">Forfar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-postcode_76-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-postcode-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town lies 42 miles (68 km) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">NNE</a> of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a><sup id="cite_ref-postcode_76-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-postcode-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 360 miles (580 kilometres) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">NNW</a> of London.<sup id="cite_ref-postcode_76-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-postcode-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The built-up area occupies a roughly rectangular shape measuring <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">2 by <span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> mile (3 by 0.8 kilometres). The land is relatively flat, rising gradually to around 30 m <a href="/wiki/Elevation" title="Elevation">elevation</a> to the north of the town.<sup id="cite_ref-OS_explorer_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OS_explorer-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The climate is typical for the east coast of Scotland, although the weather can be locally influenced by sea mist, locally known as <a href="/wiki/Haar_(fog)" title="Haar (fog)">haar</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The town straddles the border between the parishes of <a href="/wiki/Barry,_Angus" title="Barry, Angus">Barry</a> and Panbride and incorporates a number of former villages and <a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">hamlets</a>, including Greenlawhill, <a href="/wiki/Gardynebourg" title="Gardynebourg">Gardynebourg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hunter%27s_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunter's Town">Hunterstown</a> to the west, and Gallowlaw, <a href="/wiki/Panbride" title="Panbride">Panbride</a> and Westhaven to the east. Contiguous to the town, on the west side, is the village of Barry, and to the east, separated from the town by 250 yards (200 metres) is the hamlet that was known as Kirkton of Panbride (now known as Panbride). To the north of the town runs the <a href="/wiki/A92_road" title="A92 road">A92</a>, between Dundee and Arbroath. One mile (1.5 kilometres) east of the town lies the village of <a href="/wiki/East_Haven,_Angus" title="East Haven, Angus">East Haven</a>. Running through the town on the border of the two parishes is a small stream, the Lochty <a href="/wiki/Burn_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn (topography)">burn</a>, and to the western edge of the town, runs the Barry Burn. The south-western corner of the town lies within the floodplain of the Barry Burn.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One-half mile (800 metres) east of the town runs the Craig Mill burn, which flows through Batty's Den, into Craig Mill Den, to the sea. </p> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th>Carnoustie </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.16em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">58</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.6em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">8</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">3</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.6em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">30</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.4em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">8</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.86em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">43</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.6em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">9</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">3</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.68em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">34</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">13</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.5em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">5</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.76em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">38</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">15</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">7</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.08em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">54</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.2em;height:1.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">18</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">11</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.86em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">43</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">20</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">85</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">19</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.58em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">29</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10em;height:1.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">17</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.5em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.26em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">63</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.6em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">14</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">8</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.78em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">39</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">4</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.66em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">33</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">7</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glennrowe.net/WeatherData/Current_Vantage_Pro.htm">Monifieth Weather Station</a></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.16em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.6em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">46</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">37</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.6em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.4em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">46</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.86em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.6em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">48</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">37</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.68em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">55</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">41</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.76em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">59</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">45</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.08em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.2em;height:1.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">52</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.86em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">68</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.58em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10em;height:1.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">63</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">50</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.26em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.6em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">57</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">46</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.78em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">50</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">39</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.66em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">45</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Dundee_and_Arbroath_Railway" title="Dundee and Arbroath Railway">Dundee and Arbroath Railway</a> runs along the south of the town, bisecting the former villages of Gallowlaw and Westhaven to the east of the Lochty burn. The A930 runs through the town from Barry, and is named Barry Road, Dundee Street and High Street, as it runs from west to east. It turns sharply north at Gallowlaw, where it is named Carlogie Road, and carves a path through Batty's Den to <a href="/wiki/Muirdrum" title="Muirdrum">Muirdrum</a>, where it meets with the A92. </p><p>The part of the coast that lies to the east of the Lochty burn is a rocky shore, where the <a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">Devonian</a> <a href="/wiki/Old_Red_Sandstone" title="Old Red Sandstone">Old Red Sandstone</a> bedrock is exposed. To the west, lies the sandy beach of Barry Sands (otherwise known as Carnoustie Beach). The soil is sandy and, prior to the founding of the town, the land resembled the sandy dunes of Barry Links. To the west of the Lochty burn, the shore is increasingly separated by the peninsula of the Buddon Ness, on which lies the three golf courses of <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_Golf_Links" title="Carnoustie Golf Links">Carnoustie Golf Links</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Panmure_Golf_Club" title="Panmure Golf Club">Panmure Golf Club</a>. To the south of the golf courses lies the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a> owned <a href="/wiki/Barry,_Angus" title="Barry, Angus">Barry Buddon training camp</a>. This land is classified as a <a href="/wiki/Site_of_Special_Scientific_Interest" title="Site of Special Scientific Interest">Site of Special Scientific Interest</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Special_Area_of_Conservation" title="Special Area of Conservation">Special Area of Conservation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Buddon Ness is a triangle of land around 11 km<sup>2</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hansom_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hansom-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its position at the estuary of the River Tay makes it prone to erosion, and the position of both the west and east facing shores have changed considerably since the founding of Carnoustie. Comparison of <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> maps from the mid-19th century with present-day maps show the shoreline retreating on the west shore and advancing on the east shore.<sup id="cite_ref-OS61858_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OS61858-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is supported by comparison of old photographs of Carnoustie links with the present day situation in which the foreshore is now much further from the Beach Pavilion (now the Rugby Club) than it was 80 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost1_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The concern latterly has been of the shoreline eroding from this part of the beach and rock armour was placed at the shoreline in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-Hansom_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hansom-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Demography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/UK_census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="UK census 2011">2011 census</a> gives Carnoustie's total resident population as 11,394. This makes it the fourth largest town in <a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a> (23,902), <a href="/wiki/Forfar" title="Forfar">Forfar</a> (14,048) and <a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Angus" title="Montrose, Angus">Montrose</a> (11,955).<sup id="cite_ref-2011cens_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011cens-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The demographic breakdown of these figures closely follows that of the rest of Scotland. Males make up 47.4% of the population and females, 52.6%. Under-16s account for 18.2% of the population, retired people 19.6%, and economically active people make up 69.9%. 87.4% of the population were born in Scotland and 8.1% in England, with people from the rest of the United Kingdom making up 0.9%. 0.3% were from the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>, 0.9% from elsewhere in Europe and 2.4% from outside of Europe. 0.5% of the population speak <a href="/wiki/Scottish_gaelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish gaelic">Gaelic</a>, whilst 32.2% of Carnoustie's population can speak <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a>. 69.9% of the working-age population were economically active, 3.4% were unemployed.<sup id="cite_ref-2011cens_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011cens-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The economy of Carnoustie relies to a large extent on its proximity to Dundee. In the <a href="/wiki/UK_census_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="UK census 2001">2001 census</a>, 2,267 people reported commuting to <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a> for work,<sup id="cite_ref-commute_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commute-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making up 41.4% of the economically active, working-age population. </p><p>Golf is a major tourist draw to the town, and it is estimated that the recent Open Championship contributed £14 million to the local economy. Television coverage during the event was estimated to be worth the equivalent of £34 million in advertising value, half of which was in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 'Carnoustie Country' golf marketing campaign is funded and promoted by Angus Council to promote the area for golfing tourism in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Landmarks">Landmarks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Landmarks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barry_mill_barry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Barry_mill_barry.jpg/220px-Barry_mill_barry.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Barry_mill_barry.jpg/330px-Barry_mill_barry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Barry_mill_barry.jpg/440px-Barry_mill_barry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2532" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Barry_Mill" title="Barry Mill">Barry Mill</a></figcaption></figure> <p>At the far west end of the town is the village of <a href="/wiki/Barry,_Angus" title="Barry, Angus">Barry</a>. On the north side of the road that runs through the village, to the west of the Barry <a href="/wiki/Burn_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn (topography)">Burn</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Churchyard" title="Churchyard">kirkyard</a> and ruins of the old parish church. To the immediate east of this, a road heads north towards the old <a href="/wiki/A92_road" title="A92 road">A92</a>. Half a kilometre up this road, on the left hand side is the medieval <a href="/wiki/Motte-and-bailey" class="mw-redirect" title="Motte-and-bailey">motte</a> associated with Grange of Barry, from where the monks of <a href="/wiki/Balmerino_Abbey" title="Balmerino Abbey">Balmerino Abbey</a> managed the parish from the 13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-balmerino_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-balmerino-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other side of the road, a driveway runs towards the old Upper <a href="/wiki/Watermill" title="Watermill">Mill</a>, now simply known as '<a href="/wiki/Barry_Mill" title="Barry Mill">Barry Mill</a>', a water powered corn mill dating from 1815, when it was built on the site of a much older mill dating to the 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost1_60-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mill is a Category A <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed building</a> and the nearby bridge which was part of the old road from Barry Grange to Panbride is Category B listed.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost1_60-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much of the western part of Carnoustie is post-war. The main road in this part of the town is known as 'Barry Road' and towards its eastern end there are a group of weavers cottages that pre-date the expansion of the town and used to belong to the <a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">hamlet</a> of Hunterstown. Leading south from here, is Panmure Street, which leads to the Panmure Institute and, behind it, the Panmure Works. The Panmure Institute is now known as the Panmure Centre and owned by Angus Council for their Community Learning and Development Centre. The factory building was restored in the late 1990s and now houses the building firm DJ Laing.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of Barry Road, the road diverts to the north slightly at the Corner Hotel, before continuing eastwards along Dundee Street. This corner, which used to be known as Hutton's corner, is where a rocky <a href="/wiki/Outcrop" title="Outcrop">outcrop</a> blocked the path of the plough when the road was originally marked out in the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p14_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson_1892_p14-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The road heading north on the opposite side of Dundee Street is 'West Path'. Its name comes from the fact it was the path that lead down to the main road from the western boundary of the grounds of Carnoustie House. Carnoustie House was built by Major William Philips in 1792 and bought by George Kinloch in 1808. It passed to Kinloch's daughter, Cecilia Kinloch who, in turn, passed it to her niece, Helen Lingard-Guthrie.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost1_60-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p24_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson_1892_p24-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The house and lands were bought by the council in the first half of the 20th century<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the house was demolished following a fire around 40 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost1_60-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carnoustie House Grounds is now used as a park and is where the annual town gala is held. Part of the land is now occupied by Woodlands Primary School, Woodlands Caravan Park and the town recycling centre. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:War_memorial_carnoustie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/War_memorial_carnoustie.jpg/220px-War_memorial_carnoustie.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/War_memorial_carnoustie.jpg/330px-War_memorial_carnoustie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/War_memorial_carnoustie.jpg/440px-War_memorial_carnoustie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2062" data-file-height="1394" /></a><figcaption>War memorial</figcaption></figure> <p>Continuing eastwards along Dundee Street from the foot of West Path, on the north side of the road is the small former St Annes Roman Catholic Church. On the south side of the road, are the large grounds of Kinloch Primary School, opened in 1878 as Carnoustie Public School and last used as a school in November 2008 during renovations of Carlogie Primary School. The buildings were demolished in 2010 to make way for affordable housing. </p><p>Opposite the main part of the school is the former Erskine Free Church,<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has been through a number of hands since it was sold off in the early 20th century and now houses All Stars sports bar, and beyond the school, heading south towards the beach is Links Avenue. On the left hand side of Links Avenue can be found the scout hut which, despite appearances, is the oldest school building in Carnoustie. The street passes through a narrow tunnel under the railway line to Links Parade near to Carnoustie Hotel, which was built in anticipation of the 1999 Open Championship. The hotel houses a 2.8 metre clock, weighing 450 kg, which was the largest timepiece supplied by <a href="/wiki/Rolex" title="Rolex">Rolex</a> at the time it was fitted.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are only 40 golf courses worldwide that have been given these Rolex clocks.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beyond the hotel lie the three golf courses of <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_Golf_Links" title="Carnoustie Golf Links">Carnoustie Golf Links</a>. </p><p>Past Links Avenue on the north side of Dundee Street Carnoustie Church, which never received its steeple and, a little further past that, is the 'Auld Nick' which originally housed Carnoustie's police station. The war memorial lies adjacent to the Auld Nick and was dedicated in 1926. It features a sculpture of the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier" title="Tomb of the Unknown Soldier">Unknown Soldier</a> by Thomas Beattie.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost1_60-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the opposite side of the road from the Auld Nick is Ferrier Street and a little way down on the right hand side can be seen <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lowson" title="Thomas Lowson">Thomas Lowson</a>'s Dibble Tree. Opposite the Dibble tree is Kinloch Street and, about 110 yards (100 metres) down that street on the north side, is the Erskine United Free Church, the oldest church building in Carnoustie, built in 1810. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyroodchurchcarnoustie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Holyroodchurchcarnoustie.jpg/220px-Holyroodchurchcarnoustie.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Holyroodchurchcarnoustie.jpg/330px-Holyroodchurchcarnoustie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Holyroodchurchcarnoustie.jpg/440px-Holyroodchurchcarnoustie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2318" data-file-height="1879" /></a><figcaption>Church of the Holyrood</figcaption></figure> <p>A short way past the war memorial on the southern side of Dundee Street is First Feu Cottage, Thomas Lowson's original home in Carnoustie, and beyond that is the traditional centre of the town, the Cross, marking the intersection between Dundee Street, High Street, Queens Street and Park Avenue. Meeting High Street on its north side, Lochty Street leads up to the Church of the Holyrood in Maule Street. It is a Category B listed building, the only listed building within the town,<sup id="cite_ref-holyroodcatb_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holyroodcatb-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was built on land donated by Helen Lingard-Guthrie, who had recently married one of the clergymen who ministered to the nascent <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Episcopalian</a> congregation during the early summer missions, Rev. Roger Lingard.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotepisc_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotepisc-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the easternmost end of High Street, the main road becomes Church Street, with Station Road heading south towards the main railway station and the adjacent Station Hotel, built in 1840. Opposite Station Road is the old <a href="/wiki/City_of_Glasgow_Bank" title="City of Glasgow Bank">City of Glasgow Bank</a> building built in 1870 in Italianate style architecture<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that used to house the <a href="/wiki/Clydesdale_Bank" title="Clydesdale Bank">Clydesdale Bank</a>. It is being developed into private accommodation. Church Street continues eastwards and at one time lead all the way to Newton of Panbride church in the former village of Gallowlaw. The junction with Carlogie Road was realigned some years ago and the part of Church Street east of Carlogie Road renamed Arbroath Road. Past the church, on the south side of the road, a road bridge leads to the former fishing village of West Haven, which pre-dates Carnoustie by several centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-Adams_and_Falconer_1990_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adams_and_Falconer_1990-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To the east of the town, in Panbride, is Panbride Parish Kirk. The building itself is category C(s) listed,<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although its burial aisle and the nearby parish school are both Category B listed<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 'Loupin' on Stane' a series of steps in the church courtyard that allowed churchgoers to mount their horses in a dignified manner have category B listing,<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as does the bridge over the Craigmill burn at the bottom of the hill.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the southern end of Craigmill Den, Panbride House has Category B listing,<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as does the associated stables.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Golf_Street_railway_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Golf_Street_railway_station.jpg/220px-Golf_Street_railway_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Golf_Street_railway_station.jpg/330px-Golf_Street_railway_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Golf_Street_railway_station.jpg/440px-Golf_Street_railway_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Golf_Street_railway_station" title="Golf Street railway station">Golf Street railway station</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/A92_road" title="A92 road">A92</a> runs between <a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a> about <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> mile (1 kilometre) north of Carnoustie. There are several ways to reach the A92, including the main routes that run between the Upper Victoria junction and between the A930, Carlogie road and Muirdrum Junction. It is also possible to reach the west-bound carriageway of the A92 via Balmachy Road and the Grange of Barry Road. </p><p>Trains are operated by <a href="/wiki/ScotRail" title="ScotRail">ScotRail</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Dundee-Aberdeen_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Dundee-Aberdeen line">Dundee-Aberdeen line</a>. They stop at <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_railway_station" title="Carnoustie railway station">Carnoustie railway station</a> on an approximately hourly basis. Two trains a day stop at <a href="/wiki/Golf_Street_railway_station" title="Golf Street railway station">Golf Street railway station</a> (06:38 west-bound and 19:10 east-bound) and two at <a href="/wiki/Barry_Links_railway_station" title="Barry Links railway station">Barry Links</a> (06:41 west-bound and 18:52 east-bound). As a result, Golf Street and Barry Links are two of the least used stations in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Buses are operated by <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_East_Scotland" title="Stagecoach East Scotland">Stagecoach East Scotland</a> on their <a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a> or Westhaven Park to <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a> route. These are the number <a href="/wiki/Tayway" title="Tayway">73 and 73C buses</a>. They operate on a regular half-hourly basis on weekdays and Saturdays and an hourly basis on Sundays.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fishers Tours also run coach services (222, 226, 228, 236, 252 and 272) from Carnoustie to <a href="/wiki/Monifieth" title="Monifieth">Monififeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Scotland" title="Perth, Scotland">Perth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crieff" title="Crieff">Crieff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oban" title="Oban">Oban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pitlochry" title="Pitlochry">Pitlochry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_William,_Scotland" title="Fort William, Scotland">Fort William</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aviemore" title="Aviemore">Aviemore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inverness" title="Inverness">Inverness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenrothes" title="Glenrothes">Glenrothes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Livingston,_West_Lothian" title="Livingston, West Lothian">Livingston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dunblane" title="Dunblane">Dunblane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Braehead" title="Braehead">Glasgow Braehead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Largs" title="Largs">Largs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Callander" title="Callander">Callander</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a> and many more destinations.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_education">History of education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: History of education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kinloch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Kinloch.jpg/220px-Kinloch.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Kinloch.jpg/330px-Kinloch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Kinloch.jpg/440px-Kinloch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2475" data-file-height="1764" /></a><figcaption>Carnoustie Public School, later Kinloch Primary School, demolished summer 2010</figcaption></figure> <p>At the start of the 1870s, each church in Carnoustie had its own school. Some of these can still be seen today, in the former primary schools of Barry and Panbride, which were at that point the schools of Panbride Parish Church and Barry Free Church, and the Phillip Hall on Dundee Street, which was the school connected with the Erskine Free Church. These were supplemented with a number of private subscription schools, including a school in Links Avenue, opened in 1831, that now houses the local Scout group,<sup id="cite_ref-OS61858_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OS61858-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a school off Maule Street that is now used as Holyrood Church's Hall. These were both victims of the success of Carnoustie Free Church school and were abandoned. More successful were the school linked to Panmure Works and a private girls school in Kinloch Street, but these too were made redundant by the 1872 act.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carnoustie Public School was built in 1878 near the Free Church school on Dundee Street.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_96-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was extended several times before the secondary school pupils were decanted to the new Carnoustie High School building in Shanwell Road. The old school was renamed Kinloch Primary School, and continued until 2006, when it, along with Barry and Panbride Primary Schools, was closed as part of the reorganisation of schools in the area. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Schools_today">Schools today</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Schools today"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carnoustie_schools2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Carnoustie_schools2.jpg/220px-Carnoustie_schools2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Carnoustie_schools2.jpg/330px-Carnoustie_schools2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Carnoustie_schools2.jpg/440px-Carnoustie_schools2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption>Schools in Carnoustie. Clockwise from top left: Carlogie Primary School; Burnside Primary School; Carnoustie High School; Woodlands Primary School</figcaption></figure> <p>Carlogie Primary School was opened in the mid-1970s in the new Caesar Avenue/Linefield Road housing estate and its current catchment area is all of Carnoustie East of Queen Street and the pupils from the surrounding rural area that was used to be served by Panbride Primary School, including <a href="/wiki/Panbride" title="Panbride">Panbride</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Haven,_Angus" title="East Haven, Angus">East Haven</a>, Hatton, <a href="/wiki/Muirdrum" title="Muirdrum">Muirdrum</a>, Auchrennie, Pitlivie and <a href="/wiki/Salmond%27s_Muir" title="Salmond's Muir">Salmond's Muir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fcschoolsproj_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fcschoolsproj-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school's buildings and grounds were extensively refurbished in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Woodlands Primary School is a building in the former caravan park in Carnoustie House Grounds.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its catchment area is the central part of Carnoustie between Burnside Street and Queen Street, plus the rural area north of the town, incorporating <a href="/wiki/Clayholes" title="Clayholes">Clayholes</a>, Balmachie, Pitskelly, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Victoria" title="Upper Victoria">Upper Victoria</a> and Heugh-Head.<sup id="cite_ref-fcschoolsproj_106-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fcschoolsproj-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Burnside Primary School is a building in Thomas Street on land that had been used as football pitches.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its catchment area includes the remaining part of Carnoustie and the former rural catchment of Barry Primary, including Barry, Cotside, Balhungie, Ardestie, <a href="/wiki/Woodhill,_Angus" title="Woodhill, Angus">Woodhill</a>, Grange of Barry and Mains of Ravensby.<sup id="cite_ref-fcschoolsproj_106-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fcschoolsproj-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_High_School" title="Carnoustie High School">Carnoustie High School</a> is situated on Shanwell Road and takes all secondary pupils from Carnoustie and the surrounding rural area, including former pupils of Carlogie, Woodlands, Burnside, Kinloch, Panbride, Barry, Newbigging and Monikie Primary Schools. The school was almost entirely rebuilt in 2008, the only part of the previous buildings retained being the old Physical Education Department, theatre and music department.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_religion">History of religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: History of religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oldbarrychurch.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oldbarrychurch.JPG/220px-Oldbarrychurch.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oldbarrychurch.JPG/330px-Oldbarrychurch.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oldbarrychurch.JPG/440px-Oldbarrychurch.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>The old parish church at Barry, built 1800, demolished in 1965.</figcaption></figure> <p>The site now occupied by Panbride Church has been a site of worship since 1147.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A series of successive buildings have been built at the site, with the present building built in 1681 by George Maule, 2nd <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Panmure" title="Earl of Panmure">Earl of Panmure</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost2_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost2-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was extensively repaired in 1775 and enlarged considerably by <a href="/wiki/Fox_Maule-Ramsay,_11th_Earl_of_Dalhousie" title="Fox Maule-Ramsay, 11th Earl of Dalhousie">Fox Maule</a> in 1851.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnoustiepicpost2_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnoustiepicpost2-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Panbride_stats2_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Panbride_stats2-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Barry,_Angus" title="Barry, Angus">Barry</a> Parish was founded in 1230 when <a href="/wiki/Alexander_II_of_Scotland" title="Alexander II of Scotland">Alexander II</a> bequeathed the land to <a href="/wiki/Balmerino_Abbey" title="Balmerino Abbey">Balmerino Abbey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p11_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson_1892_p11-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest record of a church at Barry is from 1243 when the parish church was consecrated by <a href="/wiki/David_de_Bernham" title="David de Bernham">David de Bernham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_St_Andrews" title="Archbishop of St Andrews">Bishop of St Andrews</a> (1238–1252).<sup id="cite_ref-balmerino_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-balmerino-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building that was Barry Parish Church up until the 1950s was built in 1800 on the site of an earlier building that was described as being "old and sorry".<sup id="cite_ref-Barry_stats1_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barry_stats1-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All that remains of Barry Parish Church now is the lower portion of its walls and its <a href="/wiki/Churchyard" title="Churchyard">kirkyard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-barrychurch_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barrychurch-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first two churches within the town of Carnoustie were built in 1810 by two rival branches of the <a href="/wiki/United_Secession_Church" title="United Secession Church">Secession Church</a>, which had <a href="/wiki/First_Secession" title="First Secession">split</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Established Church</a> in 1733 over the issue of <a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">patronage</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Anti-Burgher" title="Anti-Burgher">Anti-Burghers</a> demolished the church they had built in 1789 near Grange of Barry Farm to rebuild it nearer the expanding village of Carnoustie. The 'Red Kirk', as it was known, was situated at Rye Park, where Thistle Street now stands. The Burghers, built their church the same year in Kinloch Street. This church later went through a series of Unions with other churches, becoming part of the United Original Secession Church in 1822 and the <a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_Scotland_(1843%E2%80%931900)" title="Free Church of Scotland (1843–1900)">Free Church</a> in 1852.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_96-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Barry Parish Church proved insufficient to house the rapidly expanding population of the parish and the refusal of the <a href="/wiki/Heritor" title="Heritor">Heritors</a> to fund its enlargement led to the building of Carnoustie church in 1837.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_96-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This building was situated on the south side of Dundee street at the site on which now stands the Army and Air Cadets building.<sup id="cite_ref-carnoustiechurch_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carnoustiechurch-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>quoad sacra</i> parish was assigned to the church by the Presbytery of Arbroath in 1838.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Erskine_carnoustie.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Erskine_carnoustie.JPG/220px-Erskine_carnoustie.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Erskine_carnoustie.JPG/330px-Erskine_carnoustie.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Erskine_carnoustie.JPG/440px-Erskine_carnoustie.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Erskine United Free Church, the Original Secessional Church, built 1810</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Disruption_of_1843" title="Disruption of 1843">Disruption of 1843</a> had a profound effect on the town. A small <a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_Scotland_(1843%E2%80%931900)" title="Free Church of Scotland (1843–1900)">Free Church</a> was set up at the east end of Barry, and was replaced by a larger building in 1888, which continues as Barry Church today. The Free Church took over Carnoustie Church, and eventually built a second church immediately adjacent to it in 1850 when the Established Church claimed ownership of the building. This new building was later to become known as St Stephen's church.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_96-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school associated with the new Free Church, The Philip Hall, is still in existence and is now used by Carnoustie Church as their church hall.<sup id="cite_ref-carnoustiechurch_112-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carnoustiechurch-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1854, the part of the congregation of Panbride Church that had joined the Free Church built what became Newton Church at Gallowlaw after several years of being housed in a wooden building on Westhaven Farm. The building was damaged by fire in 1887 and rebuilt to a larger design.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_96-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1873, the congregation of the Red Kirk, which had now become part of <a href="/wiki/United_Presbyterian_Church_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="United Presbyterian Church of Scotland">The United Presbyterian Church</a>, again demolished their church and, in part, used the material to build The Erskine Church on the North side of Dundee Street. This, along with St Stevens Free Church, the Free Church in Kinloch Street, Barry Free Church and Newton of Panbride Church became part of the <a href="/wiki/United_Free_Church_of_Scotland" title="United Free Church of Scotland">United Free Church</a> when the United Presbyterians and Free Church merged in 1900. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a> traces its history in Carnoustie to 1853 when it began meeting in an old Schoolhouse off Maule Street. It was formed into a congregation in 1877, which rapidly outgrew its premises, leading to the building of The Church of The Holyrood in 1881, the former building becoming the church hall.<sup id="cite_ref-Dickson_96-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church building was graded as a Category B <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed building</a> in 1971<sup id="cite_ref-holyroodcatb_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holyroodcatb-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1901, the established Church of Scotland built a new church, St Brides Chapel, on Carlogie Road for the burghal part of Panbride parish. This building became redundant as a place of worship in 1929 when the congregations of the Free church and Established church united, and it served for a while as the Church hall, until it was sold to the Boys Brigade in 1952. Carnoustie Church built its new, larger church in 1902, opposite its former site. This building continues today to house the congregation of Carnoustie Church. The congregations of Carnoustie Church and St Stephen's merged in 1969, with St Stephen's being demolished to make way for the new Health Centre.<sup id="cite_ref-carnoustiechurch_112-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carnoustiechurch-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On unification of the United Free Church with the Established Church in 1929, St Stephens and The Erskine Church's congregations merged, using St Stephen's as a home. The Erskine Church was sold, and since then has variously been a cinema, snooker club and pub. Those that did not agree with reunification with the Established Church formed a congregation as part of The United Free Church (Continuing), first finding a home in the YMCA building, later buying the Original Secession Church in Kinloch Street in 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-erskine_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-erskine-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two churches in Barry finally completed their move to the former Free Church site in the 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-barrychurch_111-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barrychurch-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The congregations of Panbride Church and Newton of Panbride Church united in 1956<sup id="cite_ref-panbridechurch_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-panbridechurch-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and those of Carnoustie Church and Barry Church in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-barrychurch_111-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barrychurch-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Carnoustie Christian Fellowship was an independent congregation meeting in a converted former Co-op building opposite the War Memorial. They were linked to a charismatic Christian movement known as the International Association of Healing Rooms. This congregation ceased meeting in 2011 and ownership of the building was transferred to a church plant from Dundee's Central Baptist Church that took the name of Carnoustie Community Church.<sup id="cite_ref-carcomchurch_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carcomchurch-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion_today">Religion today</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Religion today"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panbride_Church_carnoustie.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Panbride_Church_carnoustie.JPG/220px-Panbride_Church_carnoustie.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Panbride_Church_carnoustie.JPG/330px-Panbride_Church_carnoustie.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Panbride_Church_carnoustie.JPG/440px-Panbride_Church_carnoustie.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2080" data-file-height="1922" /></a><figcaption>Panbride Church</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a> today has three congregations that meet in Carnoustie. Carnoustie Church and Barry Church are linked under one minister, Rev. Michael Goss. During the months of July and August, they meet together in each church on alternate months.<sup id="cite_ref-barrychurch_111-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barrychurch-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-carnoustiechurch_112-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carnoustiechurch-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carnoustie Panbride church meet at Newton Church during Winter months and Panbride in the Summer. The minister since January 2018 is Rev. Annette Gordon.<sup id="cite_ref-panbridechurch_115-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-panbridechurch-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Episcopalian</a> congregation continues to meet at Holyrood church on the corner of Maule Street and Holyrood Street. The church is part of the <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Brechin_(Episcopalian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Brechin (Episcopalian)">Diocese of Brechin</a>. Services are led by an interim pastor, Rev. John Cuthbert.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Holyrood church and Holy Trinity Church in Monifieth are no longer linked.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Holyrood's origins can be traced to a summer mission established in 1864, which was organised a formal mission 12 years later. Built as the Church of the Holy Rood in 1881, the charge became an incumbency in 1898. Its archives are held by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HolyRood_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HolyRood-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church_in_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church in Scotland">Roman Catholic Church</a> meets in the modern (built 2000) building of St Anne's Church in Thomas Street. This replaced the much smaller building the congregation had previously used in Dundee Street. The congregation is linked with St Bride's in Monifieth and St Thomas' in Arbroath. The church is part of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Dunkeld" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Dunkeld">Roman Catholic Diocese of Dunkeld</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Carnoustie Erskine <a href="/wiki/United_Free_Church_of_Scotland" title="United Free Church of Scotland">United Free Church of Scotland</a> meet at the former Original Secession Church on Kinloch street, and the Minister there is the Rev Douglas Campbell.<sup id="cite_ref-erskine_114-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-erskine-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Carnoustie Community Church is baptist congregation meeting in a converted former Co-op building opposite the War Memorial named 'The Bridge'. This congregation began in 2011 as a church plant from Dundee's Central Baptist Church initially meeting in hotels before moving into the building vacated by the Carnoustie Christian Fellowship. The pastor is Dr John Toller.<sup id="cite_ref-carcomchurch_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carcomchurch-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Golf">Golf</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Golf"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_Golf_Links" title="Carnoustie Golf Links">Carnoustie Golf Links</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carnoustiegolflinkshole18no3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Carnoustiegolflinkshole18no3.jpg/220px-Carnoustiegolflinkshole18no3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Carnoustiegolflinkshole18no3.jpg/330px-Carnoustiegolflinkshole18no3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Carnoustiegolflinkshole18no3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="298" /></a><figcaption>Carnoustie Championship Course, 18th tee</figcaption></figure> <p>Carnoustie is famous for golf, which is first recorded as having been played here in the 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-registrum_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-registrum-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carnoustie Golf Links has three golf courses: the Championship course, on which several international tournaments are held, the Burnside course and the Buddon course.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carnoustie Golf Links is one of the venues in <a href="/wiki/The_Open_Championship" title="The Open Championship">The Open Championship</a>'s rotation. The course first played host to The Open in 1931, when it was won by <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Armour" title="Tommy Armour">Tommy Armour</a> of the US. Subsequent winners have included <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cotton_(golfer)" title="Henry Cotton (golfer)">Henry Cotton</a> of England in 1937, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Hogan" title="Ben Hogan">Ben Hogan</a> of the US in 1953, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Player" title="Gary Player">Gary Player</a> of South Africa in 1968, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Watson_(golfer)" title="Tom Watson (golfer)">Tom Watson</a> of the US in 1975, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lawrie" title="Paul Lawrie">Paul Lawrie</a> of Scotland in 1999, <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1draig_Harrington" title="Pádraig Harrington">Pádraig Harrington</a> of Ireland in 2007, and <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Molinari" title="Francesco Molinari">Francesco Molinari</a> of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> in <a href="/wiki/2018_Open_Championship" title="2018 Open Championship">2018</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-openchampions_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-openchampions-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1999 Open Championship is best remembered for the epic collapse of French golfer <a href="/wiki/Jean_van_de_Velde_(golfer)" title="Jean van de Velde (golfer)">Jean van de Velde</a>, who needed only a double-bogey six on the 72nd hole to win the Open—and proceeded to shoot a triple-bogey seven,<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tying with <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lawrie" title="Paul Lawrie">Paul Lawrie</a> and 1997 champion <a href="/wiki/Justin_Leonard" title="Justin Leonard">Justin Leonard</a> at 290, six over par. Lawrie won the playoff and the championship.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With several experienced players running into difficulties on the course that year, the media responded by dubbing the course 'Carnasty'.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carnoustie is also one of the three hosts of the <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Dunhill_Links_Championship" title="Alfred Dunhill Links Championship">Alfred Dunhill Links Championship</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/The_Old_Course" class="mw-redirect" title="The Old Course">The Old Course at St Andrews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingsbarns" title="Kingsbarns">Kingsbarns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early part of the 20th century, an estimated 300 golfers from Carnoustie emigrated to the United States, and were instrumental in the development of the sport there. When the <a href="/wiki/Professional_Golfers%27_Association_of_America" title="Professional Golfers' Association of America">Professional Golfers' Association of America</a> was founded in 1916, nearly half of the 82 professional members were from Carnoustie.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The archives of Carnoustie Golf Club are held at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MS329_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MS329-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carnoustie is home to the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Junior_Football_Association" title="Scottish Junior Football Association">junior</a> <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> club <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_Panmure_F.C." title="Carnoustie Panmure F.C.">Carnoustie Panmure F.C.</a> Formed in 1936, they are nicknamed the Gowfers due to the town's well-established links to the sport of golf ("gowf" in <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a>). They play at Laing Park, to which they moved in 2004, having previously played at Westfield Park. </p><p>The club received significant investment in the late 1990s, which has allowed them to emerge as one of the stronger Tayside clubs participating in the East Region. The pinnacle of their achievements was winning the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Junior_Cup" title="Scottish Junior Cup">Scottish Junior Cup</a> in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-ersjfa_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ersjfa-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The club plays in the Scottish Junior Football Association's East Region Premier League.<sup id="cite_ref-ersjfa_131-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ersjfa-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carnoustie Panmure Youth FC, formed in 1979, is one of the biggest youth football clubs in the Tayside area, running football teams for boys from 9s to Under 19s level in the Dundee & District Youth Football Association league. In 2012 the club formed a Football Academy for boys & girls aged 5 to 8 years. </p><p>Carnoustie is represented by amateur football team Craws Nest. </p><p>In 2012 the main football clubs in Carnoustie came together to form Carnoustie Panmure FC as Scottish Charitable Incorporated Organisation. The current members are Carnoustie Panmure FC, Carnoustie YM AFC, Carnoustie Panmure Youth FC and Monifieth Ladies FC. The aim of the SCIO is to develop the Player Pathway and to provide better facilities for football in the area. In 2013 the joint club became the first to receive the Scottish FA Legacy Club Award in the SFA East Region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rugby">Rugby</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Rugby"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The town also has a thriving rugby club, <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie_HSFP" title="Carnoustie HSFP">Carnoustie HSFP</a>, based at their clubhouse on Links Parade.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first XV team play in Division 2 (Midlands Section) of the <a href="/wiki/Caledonia_Regional_Leagues_(Rugby_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caledonia Regional Leagues (Rugby Union)">Caledonia Regional League</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_services">Public services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Public services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carnoustie and the surrounding area is supplied with water by <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Water" title="Scottish Water">Scottish Water</a>. Water was supplied from Crombie <a href="/wiki/Reservoir" title="Reservoir">reservoir</a> until 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, along with Dundee and parts of Perthshire, Angus has been supplied from Lintrathen and <a href="/wiki/Backwater_Reservoir" title="Backwater Reservoir">Backwater</a> reservoirs in <a href="/wiki/River_Isla,_Perthshire" title="River Isla, Perthshire">Glen Isla</a>. Electricity distribution is by <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Hydro_Electric" title="Scottish Hydro Electric">Scottish Hydro Electric plc</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_and_Southern_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish and Southern Energy">Scottish and Southern Energy</a> group. </p><p>Waste management is handled by <a href="/wiki/Angus_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Angus Council">Angus Council</a>. There is a kerbside <a href="/wiki/Recycling" title="Recycling">recycling</a> scheme that has been in operation since May 2006. Cans, glass, paper and plastic bottles are collected on a weekly basis. <a href="/wiki/Composting" class="mw-redirect" title="Composting">Compostable material</a> and non-recyclable material are collected on alternate weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-kerbside_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kerbside-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roughly two thirds of non-recyclable material is sent to <a href="/wiki/Landfill" title="Landfill">landfill</a> at Angus Council's site at Lochhead, Forfar and the remainder sent for <a href="/wiki/Incineration" title="Incineration">incineration</a> (with energy recovery) outside the council area.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A recycling centre is located at Balmachie Road. Items accepted include, steel and aluminium cans, cardboard, paper, electrical equipment, engine oil, fridges and freezers, garden waste, gas bottles, glass, liquid food and drinks cartons, plastic bottles, plastic carrier bags, rubble, scrap metal, shoes and handbags, spectacles, textiles, tin foil, wood and yellow pages. Angus council publishes details of where and how each product is processed.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also glass banks at the Co-op and Craws Nest car parks.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Angus Council area had a recycling rate of 34.7% in 2007/08.<sup id="cite_ref-kerbside_134-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kerbside-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">Healthcare</a> is supplied in the area by <a href="/wiki/NHS_Tayside" title="NHS Tayside">NHS Tayside</a>. The nearest hospitals with accident and emergency departments are Arbroath Infirmary<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ninewells_Hospital" title="Ninewells Hospital">Ninewells Hospital</a>, Dundee.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Primary Health Care in Carnoustie is supplied by Carnoustie Medical Group which is based at Parkview Health Centre on Barry Road, opened in May 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carnoustie, along with the rest of Scotland is served by the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Ambulance_Service" title="Scottish Ambulance Service">Scottish Ambulance Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Law enforcement is provided by <a href="/wiki/Tayside_Police" title="Tayside Police">Tayside Police</a><sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Carnoustie is served by <a href="/wiki/Tayside_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Tayside Fire and Rescue Service">Tayside Fire and Rescue Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Police Station is located at 5 North Burnside Street in Carnoustie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_town">Twin town</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Twin town"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carnoustie is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with <a href="/wiki/Maule,_Yvelines" title="Maule, Yvelines">Maule</a>, approximately 50 km west of Paris,<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> due to Carnoustie and the surrounding area's long association with the Maule Family.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 16th-century philosopher and historian, <a href="/wiki/Hector_Boece" title="Hector Boece">Hector Boece</a>, was a member of the Boyce family that owned parts of Panbride parish at that time and is thought to have lived there.<sup id="cite_ref-Adams_and_Falconer_1990_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adams_and_Falconer_1990-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two streets in Carnoustie are named after <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a> winners. Lance Corporal <a href="/wiki/Charles_Alfred_Jarvis" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Alfred Jarvis">Charles Jarvis</a>, Royal Engineers, was a resident of Carnoustie from 1889 until he joined the army in 1899.<sup id="cite_ref-Jarvis_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jarvis-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of five men awarded the medal three weeks after the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">Great War</a>, for his role in destroying a bridge under heavy fire during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mons" title="Battle of Mons">Battle of Mons</a> on 23 August 1914.<sup id="cite_ref-Jarvis_146-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jarvis-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Petty Officer <a href="/wiki/George_McKenzie_Samson" class="mw-redirect" title="George McKenzie Samson">George Samson</a> of the Royal Naval Reserve was born in Carnoustie in 1889,<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and awarded the medal for multiple acts of gallantry during the landings at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915, during which he rescued a number of his colleagues and treated their injuries under fire, before himself being hit by machine gun fire, sustaining 19 bullet wounds.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His medals were sold at auction in 2007 for £247,000 to <a href="/wiki/Michael_Ashcroft,_Baron_Ashcroft" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Ashcroft, Baron Ashcroft">Lord Ashcroft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The actor <a href="/wiki/Ian_McDiarmid" title="Ian McDiarmid">Ian McDiarmid</a>, best known for his recurring role as <a href="/wiki/Palpatine" title="Palpatine">Emperor Palpatine</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> series of films, is a native of Carnoustie, where he lived before moving to Dundee as a child.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alan_Cumming" title="Alan Cumming">Alan Cumming</a>, who has played starring roles in major films such as <i><a href="/wiki/GoldenEye" title="GoldenEye">GoldenEye</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/X2_(film)" title="X2 (film)">X2: X-Men United</a></i>, lived on Panmure Estate, to the north of Carnoustie, and attended Carnoustie High School.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Iain_Macmillan" title="Iain Macmillan">Iain Macmillan</a>, photographer, notably of <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Abbey_Road" title="Abbey Road">Abbey Road</a></i> album cover, was born in Carnoustie and moved back there in the 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Canadian-based poet, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Scobie" title="Stephen Scobie">Stephen Scobie</a>, was originally from Carnoustie.<sup id="cite_ref-spl_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spl-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A two-time winner of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Open_(golf)" title="U.S. Open (golf)">U.S. Open</a> golf championship, <a href="/wiki/Alex_Smith_(golfer)" title="Alex Smith (golfer)">Alex Smith</a>, was born in Carnoustie in 1874 and learned to play there before emigrating to the United States. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Lawson_(Scottish_footballer)" title="Jimmy Lawson (Scottish footballer)">Jimmy Lawson</a> was a professional footballer with <a href="/wiki/Dundee_F.C." title="Dundee F.C.">Dundee</a> before emigrating to the United States to become a golfer – two brothers Fred and Herbert did likewise.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Liz_McColgan" title="Liz McColgan">Liz McColgan</a> (born Elizabeth Lynch) is a runner, coach and Olympic athlete who lived on the outskirts of Carnoustie.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/1988_Summer_Olympic_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 Summer Olympic Games">1988 Summer Olympic Games</a> in Seoul, she was the Silver Medallist for the 10,000 metres. She captured the gold medal for the 10,000 metres at the <a href="/wiki/1991_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1991 World Championships in Athletics">1991 World Championships in Athletics</a> held in Tokyo. She also was the women's champion for the 1991 <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Marathon" title="New York City Marathon">New York City Marathon</a>, the 1992 <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Marathon" title="Tokyo Marathon">Tokyo Marathon</a> and the 1996 <a href="/wiki/London_Marathon" title="London Marathon">London Marathon</a>. She is a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (<a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Most_Excellent_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire">MBE</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fred_Martin_(footballer,_born_1929)" title="Fred Martin (footballer, born 1929)">Fred Martin</a>, who was goalkeeper for <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_F.C." title="Aberdeen F.C.">Aberdeen F.C.</a> from 1946 to 1960 and who was in goal for Scotland's 1954 World Cup squad, was born in Carnoustie and played for Carnoustie Panmure in his early career. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McDonald_(footballer,_born_1988)" title="Kevin McDonald (footballer, born 1988)">Kevin McDonald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fulham_F.C." title="Fulham F.C.">Fulham F.C.</a> midfielder, was born in Carnoustie in 1988. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alice_M_G_White" class="mw-redirect" title="Alice M G White">Alice M G White</a> aka Alicen White, an award-winning author and playwright, was born in Carnoustie in 1908.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Angus" title="List of places in Angus">List of places in Angus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ainmean-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ainmean_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ainmean_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ainmean-aite.scot/?id=38829">"Carnoustie"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ainmean-%C3%80ite_na_h-Alba" title="Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba">Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba</a>: Gaelic Place-Names of Scotland</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ainmean-%C3%80ite+na+h-Alba%3A+Gaelic+Place-Names+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Carnoustie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ainmean-aite.scot%2F%3Fid%3D38829&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2020">"Mid-2020 Population Estimates for Settlements and Localities in Scotland"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Records_of_Scotland" title="National Records of Scotland">National Records of Scotland</a>. 31 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mid-2020+Population+Estimates+for+Settlements+and+Localities+in+Scotland&rft.pub=National+Records+of+Scotland&rft.date=2022-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrscotland.gov.uk%2Fstatistics-and-data%2Fstatistics%2Fstatistics-by-theme%2Fpopulation%2Fpopulation-estimates%2Fsettlements-and-localities%2Fmid-2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1971–2011-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1971–2011_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160108110619/http://www.angus.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/1647/carnoustie.pdf">"Census 2011 – results for localities – 1971–2011 summaries"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Angus council, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angus.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/1647/carnoustie.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+2011+%E2%80%93+results+for+localities+%E2%80%93+1971%E2%80%932011+summaries&rft.pub=Angus+council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.angus.gov.uk%2Fdownload%2Fdownloads%2Fid%2F1647%2Fcarnoustie.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080907144607/http://www.golfsurround.com/openchampionship/2007/news/carnoustie070807.html"><i>One sure thing about Carnoustie: It's no St. Andrews</i></a>, Golf Surround, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.golfsurround.com/openchampionship/2007/news/carnoustie070807.html">the original</a> on 7 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+sure+thing+about+Carnoustie%3A+It%27s+no+St.+Andrews&rft.pub=Golf+Surround&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.golfsurround.com%2Fopenchampionship%2F2007%2Fnews%2Fcarnoustie070807.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pont-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pont_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pont_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPont">Pont</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMills2011" class="citation book cs1">Mills, A. D. (2011). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199609086.001.0001/acref-9780199609086-e-2813">"Carnoustie"</a></span>. <i>A Dictionary of British Place Names</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780191739446" title="Special:BookSources/9780191739446"><bdi>9780191739446</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Carnoustie&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+British+Place+Names&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780191739446&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=A.+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780199609086.001.0001%2Facref-9780199609086-e-2813&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorteous1906" class="citation book cs1">Porteous, Alexander (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/towncouncilseals00portuoft/page/55"><i>The Town Council Seals of Scotland, Historical, Legendary and Heraldic</i></a>. Edinburgh: W. & A. K. Johnston. pp. 55–6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Town+Council+Seals+of+Scotland%2C+Historical%2C+Legendary+and+Heraldic&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pages=55-6&rft.pub=W.+%26+A.+K.+Johnston&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Porteous&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftowncouncilseals00portuoft%2Fpage%2F55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser1885" class="citation cs2">Fraser, William (1885), <i>The Douglas Book volume 3 Charters</i>, Edinburgh</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Douglas+Book+volume+3+Charters&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.date=1885&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span>; <a href="#CITEREFRMS">RMS</a>, p. 749</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dickson_1892_p11-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p11_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p11_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p11_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDicksonDickson1892">Dickson & Dickson 1892</a>, p. 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-balmerino-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-balmerino_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-balmerino_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-balmerino_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-balmerino_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-balmerino_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-balmerino_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-balmerino_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCampbell1867">Campbell 1867</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carnoustiepapers-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carnoustiepapers_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carnoustiepapers_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="http://www.rps.ac.uk/search.php?a=fcf&fn=charlesii_trans&id=39373&t=trans">"Ratification in favours of the earle of Panmuire"</a>, 1672<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ratification+in+favours+of+the+earle+of+Panmuire&rft.date=1672&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rps.ac.uk%2Fsearch.php%3Fa%3Dfcf%26fn%3Dcharlesii_trans%26id%3D39373%26t%3Dtrans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAdair1703">Adair 1703</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoy1747–55">Roy 1747–55</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span 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href="#CITEREFCameronReesDunwellAnderson2007">Cameron et al. 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/c14index/89923">"C14 Radiocarbon Dating – Index – West Scryne"</a>, <i>Canmore (database)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore+%28database%29&rft.atitle=C14+Radiocarbon+Dating+%E2%80%93+Index+%E2%80%93+West+Scryne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fc14index%2F89923&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_Scotland" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/34494">"Craigmill (34494)"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Canmore_(database)" title="Canmore (database)">Canmore</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore&rft.atitle=Craigmill+%2834494%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F34494&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDriscoll1995">Driscoll 1995</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_Scotland" class="citation web cs2"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/34495">"Craigmill Fort (34495)"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Canmore_(database)" title="Canmore (database)">Canmore</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore&rft.atitle=Craigmill+Fort+%2834495%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F34495&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandSM6613" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland (1997), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/SM6613">"Craigmill, fort 250m WNW of, in the Parish of Panbride and County of Angus (SM6613)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Craigmill%2C+fort+250m+WNW+of%2C+in+the+Parish+of+Panbride+and+County+of+Angus+%28SM6613%29&rft.date=1997&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FSM6613&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeachem1977">Feachem 1977</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090105175603/http://www.brand-dd.com/stones/other/drumsturdy.html"><i>Drumsturdy Broch</i></a>, brand-dd.com, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brand-dd.com/stones/other/drumsturdy.html">the original</a> on 5 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Drumsturdy+Broch&rft.pub=brand-dd.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brand-dd.com%2Fstones%2Fother%2Fdrumsturdy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeachem1977">Feachem 1977</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandSM3038" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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class="external text" href="http://www.roman-britain.org/places/kirkbuddo.htm">the original</a> on 8 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kirkbuddo+camp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roman-britain.org%2Fplaces%2Fkirkbuddo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHalpin1992">Halpin 1992</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example: <a href="#CITEREFBatesonHolmes1997">Bateson & Holmes 1997</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160108110619/http://www.angus.gov.uk/info/20354/angus_local_government_election_results/594/local_government_elections_3_may_2012/5">"Council and democracy: Elections and voting: Election results: Angus local government: election results: Local government: elections 3 May 2012"</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angus.gov.uk/info/20354/angus_local_government_election_results/594/local_government_elections_3_may_2012/5">the original</a> on 8 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2015</span></cite><span 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110510072326/http://www.thecourier.co.uk/News/Angus/article/13694/snp-s-angus-wins-no-surprise-but-margin-of-victory-exceeds-all-expectations.html">"SNP's Angus wins no surprise – but margin of victory exceeds all expectations"</a>, <i>The Courier</i>, 6 May 2011, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecourier.co.uk/News/Angus/article/13694/snp-s-angus-wins-no-surprise-but-margin-of-victory-exceeds-all-expectations.html">the original</a> on 10 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2011</span></cite><span 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class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2011cens_82-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2011cens_82-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/explore/snapshot">"Carnoustie: 2011 overview"</a>, <i>Scotland's Census</i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scotland%27s+Census&rft.atitle=Carnoustie%3A+2011+overview&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fsearch-the-census%23%2Fexplore%2Fsnapshot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080302011227/http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/166259/golf-s-open-championship-boosts-economic-growth">"Golf's Open Championship boosts economic growth"</a>, <i>sportbusiness.com</i>, 26 February 2008, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/166259/golf-s-open-championship-boosts-economic-growth">the original</a> on 2 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=sportbusiness.com&rft.atitle=Golf%27s+Open+Championship+boosts+economic+growth&rft.date=2008-02-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportbusiness.com%2Fnews%2F166259%2Fgolf-s-open-championship-boosts-economic-growth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160108110619/http://www.carnoustiecountry.com/info/20194/carnoustie_country">"Carnoustie Country"</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carnoustiecountry.com/info/20194/carnoustie_country">the original</a> on 8 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carnoustie+Country&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.carnoustiecountry.com%2Finfo%2F20194%2Fcarnoustie_country&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB4649" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB4649">"Barry Mill including Miller's Cottage (Category A Listed Building) (LB4649)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Barry+Mill+including+Miller%27s+Cottage+%28Category+A+Listed+Building%29+%28LB4649%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB4649&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span>;<br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB4650" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB4650">"Upper Mill Bridge over Pitairlie Burn (Category B Listed Building) (LB4650)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Upper+Mill+Bridge+over+Pitairlie+Burn+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB4650%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB4650&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080804190023/http://www.djlaing.co.uk/index.html"><i>DJ Laing</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.djlaing.co.uk/index.html">the original</a> on 4 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=DJ+Laing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.djlaing.co.uk%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dickson_1892_p14-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p14_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDicksonDickson1892">Dickson & Dickson 1892</a>, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dickson_1892_p24-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_1892_p24_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDicksonDickson1892">Dickson & Dickson 1892</a>, p. 24</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDougalc._1958" class="citation cs2">McDougal, E. 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(c. 1900), "Photograph of Erskine Free Church in its former state", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080820071315/http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/photodb/wc2351.htm"><i>Carnoustie, Erskine Church</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/photodb/wc2351.htm">the original</a> on 20 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Photograph+of+Erskine+Free+Church+in+its+former+state&rft.btitle=Carnoustie%2C+Erskine+Church&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeecity.gov.uk%2Fphotodb%2Fwc2351.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12521854._pounds__650_000_bankruptcy_petition_against_Lord_Fraser_apos_s_co_director_in_golf_hotel_Locals_query_why_former_lord_advocate_is_still_on_the_board/">"(pounds) 650,000 bankruptcy petition against Lord Fraser's co-director in golf hotel Locals query why former lord advocate is still on the board"</a>, <i>The Herald</i>, 21 February 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Herald&rft.atitle=%28pounds%29+650%2C000+bankruptcy+petition+against+Lord+Fraser%27s+co-director+in+golf+hotel+Locals+query+why+former+lord+advocate+is+still+on+the+board&rft.date=2004-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldscotland.com%2Fnews%2F12521854._pounds__650_000_bankruptcy_petition_against_Lord_Fraser_apos_s_co_director_in_golf_hotel_Locals_query_why_former_lord_advocate_is_still_on_the_board%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080908113732/http://www.go-golf.net/news/yeartodate/news99/carnoustie.html">"World's biggest clock is the tock of Carnoustie Golf Course Hotel"</a>, Go Golf, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.go-golf.net/news/yeartodate/news99/carnoustie.html">the original</a> on 8 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World%27s+biggest+clock+is+the+tock+of+Carnoustie+Golf+Course+Hotel&rft.pub=Go+Golf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.go-golf.net%2Fnews%2Fyeartodate%2Fnews99%2Fcarnoustie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCardon2011" class="citation news cs2">Cardon, Mark (28 August 2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldtribune.com/article/20110828/ARCHIVES/108281036">"Rolex: Time has come for The Concession"</a>, <i>Herald and Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Herald+and+Tribune&rft.atitle=Rolex%3A+Time+has+come+for+The+Concession&rft.date=2011-08-28&rft.aulast=Cardon&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldtribune.com%2Farticle%2F20110828%2FARCHIVES%2F108281036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-holyroodcatb-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-holyroodcatb_94-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-holyroodcatb_94-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB22968" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB22968">"Holyrood Episcopal Church, Maule Street (Category B Listed Building) (LB22968)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Holyrood+Episcopal+Church%2C+Maule+Street+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB22968%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB22968&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scotepisc-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Scotepisc_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBertie2001">Bertie 2001</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dickson-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_96-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_96-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_96-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_96-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_96-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_96-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_96-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dickson_96-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDicksonDickson1892">Dickson & Dickson 1892</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB18434" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB18434">"Panbride Parish Kirk (Category C Listed Building) (LB18434)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panbride+Parish+Kirk+%28Category+C+Listed+Building%29+%28LB18434%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB18434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB18435" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB18435">"Panbride Burial Aisle (Category B Listed Building) (LB18435)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panbride+Burial+Aisle+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB18435%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB18435&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span>;<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB18437" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB18437">"Parish School House (Category B Listed Building) (LB18437)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parish+School+House+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB18437%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB18437&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB18436" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment 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cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB19879">"Craigmill Bridge over Craigmill Burn (Category B Listed Building) (LB19879)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Craigmill+Bridge+over+Craigmill+Burn+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB19879%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB19879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB18422" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB18422">"Panbride House, excluding gatelodge to southwest, off Arbroath Road, near Carnoustie (Category B Listed Building) (LB18422)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panbride+House%2C+excluding+gatelodge+to+southwest%2C+off+Arbroath+Road%2C+near+Carnoustie+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB18422%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB18422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB18423" class="citation web cs2">Historic Environment Scotland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB18423">"Panbride House – Stables (Category B Listed Building) (LB18423)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Panbride+House+%E2%80%93+Stables+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB18423%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB18423&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orr.gov.uk/search?queries_global_search_query=station+usage&search_page_10259_submit_button=Submit">"Station usage 2012-13 data (excel spreadsheet)"</a>, Office of Rail and Road, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Station+usage+2012-13+data+%28excel+spreadsheet%29&rft.pub=Office+of+Rail+and+Road&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Forr.gov.uk%2Fsearch%3Fqueries_global_search_query%3Dstation%2Busage%26search_page_10259_submit_button%3DSubmit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fisherstours.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Website-timetable-2024.pdf">"2024 Timetable"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>fisherstours.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fisherstours.co.uk&rft.atitle=2024+Timetable&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffisherstours.co.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F02%2FWebsite-timetable-2024.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fcschoolsproj-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fcschoolsproj_106-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fcschoolsproj_106-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fcschoolsproj_106-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a 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href="#cite_ref-barrychurch_111-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-barrychurch_111-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-barrychurch_111-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.barryparish.org.uk/history/">"History of Barry Parish Church"</a>, Barry Church<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Barry+Parish+Church&rft.pub=Barry+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.barryparish.org.uk%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnoustie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-carnoustiechurch-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a 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links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnoustie&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Angus,_Scotland_towns_and_villages" title="Template:Angus, Scotland towns and villages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Angus,_Scotland_towns_and_villages" title="Template talk:Angus, Scotland towns and villages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Angus,_Scotland_towns_and_villages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Angus, Scotland towns and villages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Settlements_in_Angus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Settlements in <a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brechin" title="Brechin">Brechin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carnoustie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forfar" title="Forfar">Forfar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirriemuir" title="Kirriemuir">Kirriemuir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monifieth" title="Monifieth">Monifieth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Angus" title="Montrose, Angus">Montrose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villages and hamlets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberlemno" title="Aberlemno">Aberlemno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airlie,_Angus" title="Airlie, Angus">Airlie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbirlot" title="Arbirlot">Arbirlot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardovie" title="Ardovie">Ardovie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auchinleish" title="Auchinleish">Auchinleish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auchmithie" title="Auchmithie">Auchmithie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auchnacree" title="Auchnacree">Auchnacree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auchterhouse" title="Auchterhouse">Auchterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balintore,_Angus" title="Balintore, Angus">Balintore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkeerie" title="Balkeerie">Balkeerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmirmer" title="Balmirmer">Balmirmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry,_Angus" title="Barry, Angus">Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birkhill,_Angus" title="Birkhill, Angus">Birkhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boddin,_Angus" title="Boddin, Angus">Boddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowriefauld" title="Bowriefauld">Bowriefauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boysack" title="Boysack">Boysack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brechin" title="Brechin">Brechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewlands_Bridge" title="Brewlands Bridge">Brewlands Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_of_Craigisla" title="Bridge of Craigisla">Bridge of Craigisla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_of_Dun" title="Bridge of Dun">Bridge of Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgefoot,_Angus" title="Bridgefoot, Angus">Bridgefoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgend_of_Lintrathen" title="Bridgend of Lintrathen">Bridgend of Lintrathen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucklerheads" title="Bucklerheads">Bucklerheads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnside_of_Duntrune" title="Burnside of Duntrune">Burnside of Duntrune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldhame" title="Caldhame">Caldhame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camuston" title="Camuston">Camuston †</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Careston" title="Careston">Careston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlogie" title="Carlogie">Carlogie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmyllie" title="Carmyllie">Carmyllie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castleton,_Angus" title="Castleton, Angus">Castleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_Angus" title="Charleston, Angus">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayholes" title="Clayholes">Clayholes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clova,_Angus" title="Clova, Angus">Clova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colliston" title="Colliston">Colliston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortachy" title="Cortachy">Cortachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craichie" title="Craichie">Craichie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigo" title="Craigo">Craigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigton,_Angus" title="Craigton, Angus">Craigton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglastown" title="Douglastown">Douglastown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun,_Angus" title="Dun, Angus">Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunnichen" title="Dunnichen">Dunnichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eassie" title="Eassie">Eassie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Haven,_Angus" title="East Haven, Angus">East Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edzell" title="Edzell">Edzell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot,_Angus" title="Elliot, Angus">Elliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farnell,_Angus" title="Farnell, Angus">Farnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferryden" title="Ferryden">Ferryden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finavon" title="Finavon">Finavon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folda,_Angus" title="Folda, Angus">Folda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friockheim" title="Friockheim">Friockheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallowfauld" title="Gallowfauld">Gallowfauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardynebourg" title="Gardynebourg">Gardynebourg †</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateside,_Angus" title="Gateside, Angus">Gateside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glamis" title="Glamis">Glamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greystone,_Angus" title="Greystone, Angus">Greystone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guthrie,_Angus" title="Guthrie, Angus">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillside,_Angus" title="Hillside, Angus">Hillside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter%27s_Town,_Angus" title="Hunter's Town, Angus">Hunter's Town †</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inveraldie" title="Inveraldie">Inveraldie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverarity" title="Inverarity">Inverarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverkeilor" title="Inverkeilor">Inverkeilor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverpeffer" title="Inverpeffer">Inverpeffer †</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellas,_Angus" title="Kellas, Angus">Kellas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kincaldrum" title="Kincaldrum">Kincaldrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingennie" title="Kingennie">Kingennie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsmuir" title="Kingsmuir">Kingsmuir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkbuddo" title="Kirkbuddo">Kirkbuddo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkinch" title="Kirkinch">Kirkinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkton_of_Glenisla" title="Kirkton of Glenisla">Kirkton of Glenisla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkton_of_Kingoldrum" title="Kirkton of Kingoldrum">Kirkton of Kingoldrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letham,_Angus" title="Letham, Angus">Letham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liff,_Angus" title="Liff, Angus">Liff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Brechin" title="Little Brechin">Little Brechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Forter" title="Little Forter">Little Forter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow,_Angus" title="Lucknow, Angus">Lucknow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunan,_Angus" title="Lunan, Angus">Lunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lundie" title="Lundie">Lundie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marywell" title="Marywell">Marywell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memus" title="Memus">Memus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menmuir" title="Menmuir">Menmuir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milden,_Angus" class="mw-redirect" title="Milden, Angus">Milden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_of_Finavon" title="Milton of Finavon">Milton of Finavon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_of_Ogilvie" title="Milton of Ogilvie">Milton of Ogilvie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monikie" title="Monikie">Monikie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muirdrum" title="Muirdrum">Muirdrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muirhead,_Angus" class="mw-redirect" title="Muirhead, Angus">Muirhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murroes" title="Murroes">Murroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newbigging,_Angus" title="Newbigging, Angus">Newbigging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtyle" title="Newtyle">Newtyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noranside" title="Noranside">Noranside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oathlaw" title="Oathlaw">Oathlaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Balkello" title="Old Balkello">Old Balkello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panbride" title="Panbride">Panbride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redford,_Angus" title="Redford, Angus">Redford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthven,_Angus" title="Ruthven, Angus">Ruthven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmond%27s_Muir" title="Salmond's Muir">Salmond's Muir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Vigeans" title="St Vigeans">St Vigeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stracathro" title="Stracathro">Stracathro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strathmartine" title="Strathmartine">Strathmartine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tannadice,_Angus" title="Tannadice, Angus">Tannadice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarfside" title="Tarfside">Tarfside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tealing" title="Tealing">Tealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templeton,_Angus" title="Templeton, Angus">Templeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity,_Angus" title="Trinity, Angus">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unthank,_Angus" title="Unthank, Angus">Unthank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Victoria" title="Upper Victoria">Upper Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellbank" title="Wellbank">Wellbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wester_Denoon" title="Wester Denoon">Wester Denoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whigstreet" title="Whigstreet">Whigstreet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodhill,_Angus" title="Woodhill, Angus">Woodhill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Angus" title="List of places in Angus">List of places in Angus</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1012395#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1012395#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/124759308">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxxjx6D76T9DwgbfB4Qbd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr00026186">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007475857605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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