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class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Shanghai" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Shanghai" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" 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data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Navnet_Shanghai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navnet_Shanghai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Navnet Shanghai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navnet_Shanghai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Historie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Før_1800" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Før_1800"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Før 1800</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Før_1800-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1800-1950" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1800-1950"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1800-1950</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1800-1950-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Under_kommunistisk_styre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Under_kommunistisk_styre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Under kommunistisk styre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Under_kommunistisk_styre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Økonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Økonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Økonomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Økonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Klima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_inndelinger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_inndelinger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Administrative inndelinger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_inndelinger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Severdigheter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Severdigheter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Severdigheter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Severdigheter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Samferdsel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samferdsel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Samferdsel</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Samferdsel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Samferdsel</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Samferdsel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Skipsfart" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skipsfart"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Skipsfart</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skipsfart-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Luftfart" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Luftfart"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Luftfart</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Luftfart-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jernbane" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jernbane"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Jernbane</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jernbane-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Veier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Veier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Veier</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Veier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Kultur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kultur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fotnoter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fotnoter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Fotnoter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fotnoter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shanghai</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 202 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-202" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">202 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="lovende artikkel"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – færøysk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjangha%C3%AD" title="Sjanghaí – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sjanghaí" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – achinesisk" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="achinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%BB%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8B%E1%8B%AD" title="ሻንጋይ – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሻንጋይ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – enaresamisk" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="शंघाई – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="शंघाई" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="شانغهاي – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شانغهاي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xangai" title="Xangai – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Xangai" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghay" title="Shanghay – arpitansk" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Shanghay" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="arpitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="ছাংহাই – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ছাংহাই" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="शाङ्घाई – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="शाङ्घाई" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang%C3%A1i" title="Changái – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Changái" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanxay" title="Şanxay – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şanxay" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="شانقهای – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شانقهای" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – balinesisk" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="সাংহাই – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাংহাই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C5%8Dng-h%C3%A1i-chh%C4%AB" title="Siōng-hái-chhī – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siōng-hái-chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – sentralbikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="sentralbikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧྲང་ཧའེ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། – tibetansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧྲང་ཧའེ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0angaj" title="Šangaj – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Šangaj" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – burjatisk" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="burjatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – tsjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_(kapital_sa_lalawigan_sa_Pangmasang_Republika_sa_T%C5%9Bina)" title="Shanghai (kapital sa lalawigan sa Pangmasang Republika sa Tśina) – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Shanghai (kapital sa lalawigan sa Pangmasang Republika sa Tśina)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anghaj" title="Šanghaj – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šanghaj" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DD%A3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="شانݣهاي – marokkansk-arabisk" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شانݣهاي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marokkansk-arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="anbefalt artikkel-merke"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="शाङ्घाई – doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="शाङ्घाई" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%B7" title="Σαγκάη – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαγκάη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="anbefalt artikkel-merke"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – erzia" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangh%C3%A1i" title="Shanghái – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Shanghái" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Canhajo" title="Ŝanhajo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝanhajo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – ekstremaduransk" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="ekstremaduransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="شانگهای – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شانگهای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – fijiansk hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="fijiansk hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – friuliansk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang-hai" title="Shang-hai – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Shang-hai" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – mansk" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – ingusjisk" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingusjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7" title="上海 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="上海" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4ng-h%C3%B3i" title="Sông-hói – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sông-hói" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – kalmukkisk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmukkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%81%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%8B%9C" title="상하이시 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="상하이시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B5" title="Շանհայ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շանհայ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="शंघाई – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शंघाई" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0angaj" title="Šangaj – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Šangaj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%97%D7%90%D7%99" title="שאנגחאי – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שאנגחאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ca%C5%8Bgay%C9%A9" title="Caŋgayɩ – kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Caŋgayɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%98%E0%B3%88" title="ಶಾಂಘೈ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶಾಂಘೈ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – karatsjajbalkarsk" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatsjajbalkarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%98" title="შანხაი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შანხაი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D2%A3%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шаңхай – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шаңхай" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – kornisk" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_(kizunga)" title="Shanghai (kizunga) – kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Shanghai (kizunga)" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanghay" title="Şanghay – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şanghay" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – jødespansk" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="jødespansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%AE%E0%BB%89" title="ຊຽງໄຮ້ – laotisk" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຊຽງໄຮ້" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laotisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciamhaevum" title="Sciamhaevum – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sciamhaevum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anhaja" title="Šanhaja – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Šanhaja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – lesgisk" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anchajus" title="Šanchajus – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šanchajus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjanghai" title="Sjanghai – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjanghai" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/canxais." title="canxais. – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="canxais." data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanghaj" title="Sanghaj – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sanghaj" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="शाङ्घाई – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="शाङ्घाई" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%98" title="Шангај – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Шангај" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – gassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="gassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D" title="ഷാങ്ഹായ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഷാങ്ഹായ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF" title="शांघाय – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शांघाय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%98" title="შანხაი – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="შანხაი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%89" title="شانجهاى – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شانجهاى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="شانگهای – mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شانگهای" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%B4ng-h%C4%81i" title="Siông-hāi – mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Siông-hāi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xangai" title="Xangai – mirandesisk" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Xangai" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ရှန်ဟိုင်းမြို့ – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရှန်ဟိုင်းမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagahai" title="Sagahai – fijiansk" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Sagahai" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjanghai" title="Sjanghai – nedersaksisk" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Sjanghai" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="nedersaksisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="साङ्घाई – nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साङ्घाई" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87" title="शाङ्हाइ – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="शाङ्हाइ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="上海市" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – tsjetsjensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tsjetsjensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – østmarisk" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="østmarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaangaayi" title="Shaangaayi – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Shaangaayi" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanxay" title="Shanxay – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shanxay" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88" title="ਸ਼ੰਘਾਈ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ੰਘਾਈ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="شنگہائی – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شنگہائی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="شانگهای – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شانگهای" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%83" title="ស៊ាងហៃ – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ស៊ាងហៃ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sianghai" title="Sianghai – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Sianghai" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – nedertysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nedertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szanghaj" title="Szanghaj – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szanghaj" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="anbefalt artikkel-merke"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xangai" title="Xangai – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Xangai" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanxay" title="Shanxay – karakalpakisk" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Shanxay" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ea%C3%B1hay" title="Şañhay – krimtatarisk" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Şañhay" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schanghai" title="Schanghai – retoromansk" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Schanghai" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D2%91%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанґгай – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Шанґгай" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9D%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD" title="ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱭ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱭ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – sardisk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – setswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="setswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangai" title="Shangai – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shangai" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92" title="ෂැංහයි – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ෂැංහයි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="شنگهائي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="شنگهائي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anghaj" title="Šanghaj – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Šanghaj" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anghaj" title="Šanghaj – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Šanghaj" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szanghaj" title="Szanghaj – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Szanghaj" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="شانگھای – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شانگھای" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%98" title="Шангај – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шангај" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0angaj" title="Šangaj – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Šangaj" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="lovende artikkel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="சாங்காய் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சாங்காய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Can%C9%A3hay" title="Canɣhay – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Canɣhay" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – tarantinsk" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="tarantinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanxay" title="Şanxay – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Şanxay" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%88" title="షాంగ్హై – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="షాంగ్హై" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%89" title="เซี่ยงไฮ้ – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เซี่ยงไฮ้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шангҳай – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шангҳай" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanghay" title="Şanghay – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şanghay" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanha%C3%BD" title="Şanhaý – turkmensk" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şanhaý" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangai" title="Shangai – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Shangai" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – udmurtisk" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Шанхай – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шанхай" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="شنگھائی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شنگھائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%DA%AD%D8%AE%DB%95%D9%8A_%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%BE%D9%89%D8%B1%D9%89" title="شاڭخەي شەھىرى – uigurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شاڭخەي شەھىرى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanghaij" title="Sanghaij – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Sanghaij" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siangai" title="Siangai – venetiansk" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Siangai" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anhai" title="Šanhai – vepsisk" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Šanhai" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_H%E1%BA%A3i" title="Thượng Hải – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thượng Hải" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_(Tsyin%C3%A4n)" title="Shanghai (Tsyinän) – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Shanghai (Tsyinän)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – sørestisk" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="sørestisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市 – klassisk kinesisk" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="上海市" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassisk kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Shanghai" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="上海市" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%99" title="שאנכיי – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שאנכיי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7" title="上海 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="上海" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eengay" title="Şengay – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Şengay" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anchajos" title="Šanchajos – samogitisk" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Šanchajos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="anbefalt artikkel-merke"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="上海市" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anxaj" title="Šanxaj – talysj" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Šanxaj" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8686#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Shanghai" 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Shanghai" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&oldid=24367840" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Shanghai&id=24367840&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FShanghai"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FShanghai"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Shanghai&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som 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</div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates" style="font-size:85%;margin:0 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Geografiske_koordinater" title="Geografiske koordinater">Koordinater</a>: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=no&pagename=Shanghai&params=31.166666666667_N_121.46666666667_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kart, flyfoto og andre data for dette stedet"><span class="latitude">31°10′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">121°28′00″Ø</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24461009">.mw-parser-output .wb-edithandle{display:none;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-show .wb-edithandle{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-hide .wb-edithandle{display:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0em 1em 1em;background-color:#f9f9f9;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift th{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:larger;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{background-color:#fff;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks td{background-color:#efefef;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin:4px;padding:3px}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.custom td{background:none;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad th{text-align:left;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td{text-align:left;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.headercenter{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.hode th{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{text-align:center;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><table class="infobox infoboks geografi bred"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Shanghai</th></tr><tr class="hode"><th colspan="4"><span style="font-weight:normal;">上海市</span> – <span style="font-weight:normal;"><i>Shànghǎi Shì</i></span><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">Forkortet:</span> <span style="font-weight:normal;">沪</span> – <span style="font-weight:normal;"><i>Hù</i></span></th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghai_121.45796E_31.22234N.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Shanghai_121.45796E_31.22234N.jpg/250px-Shanghai_121.45796E_31.22234N.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Shanghai_121.45796E_31.22234N.jpg/375px-Shanghai_121.45796E_31.22234N.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Shanghai_121.45796E_31.22234N.jpg/500px-Shanghai_121.45796E_31.22234N.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="958" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr> <tr class="bilde"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"> <p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghai_in_China_(%2Ball_claims_hatched).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kart over Shanghai"><img alt="Kart over Shanghai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Shanghai_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/290px-Shanghai_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Shanghai_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/435px-Shanghai_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Shanghai_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/580px-Shanghai_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="940" /></a></span> <br />Kart over Kina. Shanghai er merket i rødt. </p> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Land</th><td colspan="2"><span class="flagg"><span><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Folkerepublikken_Kina" title="Folkerepublikken Kina"><img alt="Folkerepublikken Kinas flagg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Folkerepublikken_Kina" class="mw-redirect" title="Folkerepublikken Kina">Folkerepublikken Kina</a></span></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Status</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liste_over_administrative_enheter_p%C3%A5_provinsniv%C3%A5_i_Folkerepublikken_Kina" title="Liste over administrative enheter på provinsnivå i Folkerepublikken Kina">Byprovins</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Ligger ved</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Suzhou_(elv)" title="Suzhou (elv)">Suzhouelven</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Yangtze" title="Yangtze">Yangtze</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Huangpu_(elv)" title="Huangpu (elv)">Huangpu</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C3%98st-Kina-havet" title="Øst-Kina-havet">Øst-Kina-havet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dianshansj%C3%B8en" title="Dianshansjøen">Dianshansjøen</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Grunnlagt</th><td colspan="2">1. oktober 1949</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hovedstad" title="Hovedstad">Hovedstad</a></th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Huangpu_(Shanghai)" title="Huangpu (Shanghai)">Huangpu</a> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tidssone" title="Tidssone">Tidssone</a></th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Postnummer</th><td colspan="2">200000</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Retningsnummer</th><td colspan="2">21</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Areal" title="Areal">Areal</a></th><td colspan="2">6 200 <a href="/wiki/Kvadratkilometer" title="Kvadratkilometer">km²</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Befolkning" title="Befolkning">Befolkning</a></th><td colspan="2">23 019 196 <small><i>(2010<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</i></small></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Befolkningstetthet" title="Befolkningstetthet">Bef.tetthet</a></th><td colspan="2">3 712,77 <a href="/wiki/Innbygger" title="Innbygger">innb.</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kvadratkilometer" title="Kvadratkilometer">km²</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="note" title="Artikkel mangler: Språk i Folkerepublikken Kina">Språk</span></th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Wu_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Wu (språk)">Wu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanghainesisk" title="Shanghainesisk">Shanghainesisk</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8686?uselang=nb#P2936" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Meter_over_havet" title="Meter over havet">Høyde o.h.</a></th><td colspan="2"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">4</span> meter </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nettside" title="Nettside">Nettside</a></th><td colspan="2"><ul style="list-style:none none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shanghai.gov.cn/">www<wbr />.shanghai<wbr />.gov<wbr />.cn/</a></span></li><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.shanghai.gov.cn/nw46669/index.html">english<wbr />.shanghai<wbr />.gov<wbr />.cn/nw46669/index<wbr />.html</a></span></li><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shanghai.gov.cn/">www<wbr />.shanghai<wbr />.gov<wbr />.cn/</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr class="border-top rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><b>Politikk</b></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ordf%C3%B8rer" title="Ordfører">Ordfører</a></th><td colspan="2">Ying Yong (2017-)</td></tr><tr class="border-top rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><div style="clear:both"></div></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed sentrert"><b>Posisjonskart</b><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin:0 auto;width:244px; text-align:center;"><div style="width:240px;float:right;clear:right"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:China_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shanghai ligger i Kina"><img alt="Shanghai ligger i Kina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/240px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/360px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/480px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="408" /></a></span><div style="position:absolute;top:62.751%;left:80.296%"><div style="position:absolute;left:-4px;top:-4px;line-height:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Shanghai"><img alt="Shanghai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size:90%;line-height:110%;position:absolute;width:6em;top:-0.75em;right:5px;text-align:right"><div style="display:inline;padding:1px;float:right;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.7)">Shanghai</div></div></div></div><div style="font-size:90%;padding-top:3px">Shanghai (Kina)</div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 290px; height: 290px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="290" data-height="290" data-zoom="7" data-lat="31.166666666667" data-lon="121.46666666667" data-lang="en" data-overlays="["_46dd493857ca854d74bbef918ded4f7ec63c439f"]" href="/wiki/Spesial:Map/7/31.166666666667/121.46666666667/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,31.166666666667,121.46666666667,290x290.png?lang=en&domain=no.wikipedia.org&title=Shanghai&revid=24367840&groups=_46dd493857ca854d74bbef918ded4f7ec63c439f" width="290" height="290" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,31.166666666667,121.46666666667,290x290@2x.png?lang=en&domain=no.wikipedia.org&title=Shanghai&revid=24367840&groups=_46dd493857ca854d74bbef918ded4f7ec63c439f 2x" alt="Kart" /></a><br />Shanghai<br /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=no&pagename=Shanghai&params=31.166666666667_N_121.46666666667_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kart, flyfoto og andre data for dette stedet"><span class="latitude">31°10′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">121°28′00″Ø</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shanghai" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Shanghai">Shanghai på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Shanghai</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> er den største byen i <a href="/wiki/Folkerepublikken_Kina" class="mw-redirect" title="Folkerepublikken Kina">Folkerepublikken Kina</a>, og Kinas økonomiske og finansielle sentrum. Med Kinas store økonomiske vekst de siste tiårene, har Shanghai vokst fram til å bli et globalt senter for finans, teknologi, transport, og innovasjon. </p><p>Befolkningen i provinsen Shanghai er på over 24 millioner innbyggere, som gjør Shanghai til en av verdens største byer.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>I den bymessige kjernen er det 9,3 mill. innbyggere<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Trenger_referanse" title="Hjelp:Trenger referanse"><span title="Foregående påstand trenger referanse">trenger referanse</span></a></i>]</sup>. </p><p>Shanghai By er en provins, og er administrativt direkte underlagt Kinas sentralregjering på lik linje med andre kinesiske provinser. </p><p>Byen har en større historisk betydning, men i dag blir byen knyttet til stor økonomisk vekst. Forretningssenteret <a href="/wiki/Lujiazui" title="Lujiazui">Lujiazui</a> nordvest i bydelen <a href="/wiki/Pudong" title="Pudong">Pudong</a> vis-à-vis <a href="/wiki/The_Bund" title="The Bund">The Bund</a> er byens finansielle sentrum og har vokst frem som et av verdens fremste økonomiske områder. Shanghai har en av verdens største containerhavner. Byen er et viktig trafikknutepunkt, og et betydelig kultur- og skolesentrum med tallrike universiteter, høyskoler, forskningsinstitutter, teatre og museer. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shaghai_Jin_Mao.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Shaghai_Jin_Mao.JPG/250px-Shaghai_Jin_Mao.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Shaghai_Jin_Mao.JPG/375px-Shaghai_Jin_Mao.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Shaghai_Jin_Mao.JPG/500px-Shaghai_Jin_Mao.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Jin Mao-skyskraperen</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Navnet_Shanghai">Navnet Shanghai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Navnet Shanghai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Navnet Shanghai"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghaikanji.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Shanghaikanji.png/30px-Shanghaikanji.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Shanghaikanji.png/45px-Shanghaikanji.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Shanghaikanji.png/60px-Shanghaikanji.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="175" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>De to kinesiske skrifttegnene for bynavnet «Shanghai» kan oversettes som «på» og «havet». Første gang man kommer over dette navnet er under <a href="/wiki/Song-dynastiet" title="Song-dynastiet">Song-dynastiet</a>. Da er «Shanghai» navnet både på sammenflødet mellom to elver, og for en liten by på dette sted. Det er rimelig å tolke bynavnet som «ved havet» (tilsvarende engelske stedsnavn som ender på «at-sea» eller «on-sea» eller thailandske stedsnavn som inneholder «Samut»), eller, om man vil se det første skrifttegnet som et verb, kan bynavnet tolkes som «å reise (opp) til kysten» eller «å dra til kysten». Det finnes også andre etymologier. </p><p>Et mer poetisk navn for Shanghai snur på de to skrifttegnene slik at de leses <b>Haishang</b> 海上. Det navnet benyttes gjerne for å betegne shanghainesisk kunst og kultur. </p><p>Grunnet varemerkerettslige problemstillinger finner man enkelte ganger bynavnet omskrevet som <b>Shanghai</b> 尚海, som er valgt som kinesisk navn på området «Shanghai Bay» (<a href="/wiki/Tradisjonell_kinesisk" title="Tradisjonell kinesisk">tradisjonell kinesisk</a>: 尚海灣, <a href="/wiki/Forenklet_kinesisk" title="Forenklet kinesisk">forenklet kinesisk</a>: 尚海湾) ved den nyanlagte <a href="/wiki/Xuhui_elvepromenade" title="Xuhui elvepromenade">Xuhui elvepromenade</a>. </p><p>Som forkortelse eller akronym for bynavnet benyttes ord som <i>Hu</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tradisjonell_kinesisk" title="Tradisjonell kinesisk">tradisjonell kinesisk</a>: 滬, <a href="/wiki/Forenklet_kinesisk" title="Forenklet kinesisk">forenklet kinesisk</a>: 沪) og <i>Shen</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kinesisk" title="Kinesisk">kinesisk</a>: 申). Ettegnskortformelen for Shanghai er <i>Hu</i>, alle bilskilt begynner med dette tegnet. Ordet <i>Hu</i> skriver seg fra et fiskeredskap benyttet på <a href="/wiki/200-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="200-tallet">200-tallet</a> og benyttes i dag hyppig om bynavnet i offisielle dokumenter, mens ordet <i>Shen</i> oftere benyttes i litterære vendinger. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Før_1800"><span id="F.C3.B8r_1800"></span>Før 1800</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Før 1800" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Før 1800"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Map_of_the_Old_City_of_Shanghai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_the_Old_City_of_Shanghai.jpg/250px-Map_of_the_Old_City_of_Shanghai.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_the_Old_City_of_Shanghai.jpg/375px-Map_of_the_Old_City_of_Shanghai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_the_Old_City_of_Shanghai.jpg/500px-Map_of_the_Old_City_of_Shanghai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2676" data-file-height="2044" /></a><figcaption>Kart fra 1600-tallet</figcaption></figure> <p>Før Shanghai ble egen by var området del av <a href="/wiki/Fylke_(Kina)" title="Fylke (Kina)">fylket</a> Songjiang øst i prefekturet <a href="/wiki/Suzhou" title="Suzhou">Suzhou</a>. Stedet het da Hù, og Shēn. Det lå i et myrlendt område i Yangtzeelvens delta; hele tiden førte sedimenteringen av elveslam til at kystlinjen flyttet seg østover, og det var først flere hundre år etter Kristi fødsel at det senere bymessige kjerneområdet ble tørt land. Området var tynt befolket og lite utviklet. </p><p>Fra <a href="/wiki/Song-dynastiet" title="Song-dynastiet">Song-dynastiets</a> tid (960-1279) vokste Shanghai gradvis frem fra å være en søvnig fiskerlandsby til en travel havn, og vokste seg ut over sine gamle grenser. I 1074 fikk byen sitt eget skattekontor. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghai_walled_city,_Ming.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Shanghai_walled_city%2C_Ming.jpeg/250px-Shanghai_walled_city%2C_Ming.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Shanghai_walled_city%2C_Ming.jpeg/375px-Shanghai_walled_city%2C_Ming.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Shanghai_walled_city%2C_Ming.jpeg/500px-Shanghai_walled_city%2C_Ming.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="780" /></a><figcaption>Shanghai under <a href="/wiki/Ming-dynastiet" title="Ming-dynastiet">Ming-dynastiet</a> etter byggingen av bymuren</figcaption></figure> <p>Vest for småbyen hadde området rundt <a href="/wiki/Taisj%C3%B8en" class="mw-redirect" title="Taisjøen">Taisjøen</a> da forlengst utviklet en robust jordbruksbasert økonomi. Frem til <a href="/wiki/1127" title="1127">1127</a> var Shanghai en for kinesiske forhold en mindre markedsby med 12.000 husstander. Men i det året ble Song-dynastiets hovedstad <a href="/wiki/Kaifeng" title="Kaifeng">Kaifeng</a> erobret av mongolske inntrengere fra nord, og mange flyktninger strømmet til Shanghai. Det tok ikke mange årene før byen hadde 250.000 innbyggere. Det ble bygd kanaler og diker. Nytt land ble vunnet. I 1264 ble Shanghai utvidet ved det at tre omliggende landsbyer ble innlemmet. </p><p>Shanghaiområdet ble på <a href="/wiki/1200-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1200-tallet">1200-tallet</a> et av Kinas mest velstående, og drivkraften bak rikdommen var særlig bomullsproduksjonen og tekstilindustrien. Tekstiler forble ryggraden i Shanghais økonomi helt frem til 1800-tallet. På <a href="/wiki/1500-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1500-tallet">1500-tallet</a> ble kinaskysten ofte herjet av <a href="/wiki/Wokou" title="Wokou">wokou</a>, det vil si japanske sjørøvere. Mange av dem var riktignok ikke japanere, men kinesere. Blant <a href="/wiki/Ming-dynastiet" title="Ming-dynastiet">Ming-dynastiets</a> mottiltak var strenge restriksjoner på sjøhandelen – mindre sjøhandel skulle føre til mindre risiko både til sjøs og i havnene. Etter at et hundretall handelsmenn i Shanghai ble drept av invaderende sjørøvere, stanset Ming-dynastiet likeså godt kysthandelen fullstendig, og forflyttet hele befolkningen mange kilometer innover i landet. </p><p>Men Shanghai døde ikke ut, og en bymur ble anlagt i <a href="/wiki/1553" title="1553">1553</a>. Byggingen av mingmuren regnes nå som begynnelsen til den moderne byen Shanghai. Om lag 70 prosent av den dyrkede mark rundt byen var i Ming-tiden viet til bomullsdyrking. Ved midten av <a href="/wiki/1700-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1700-tallet">1700-tallet</a> var mer enn 20.000 personer ansatt som bomullsspinnere i byens tekstilfabrikker. Men før 1800 ble ikke Shanghai sett på som en av landets viktigere byer. Det gjenspeiles forsåvidt i at det er få eldre historiske minnesmerker der i dag. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Karte_Schanghai_MKL1888.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Karte_Schanghai_MKL1888.png/250px-Karte_Schanghai_MKL1888.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Karte_Schanghai_MKL1888.png 1.5x" data-file-width="369" data-file-height="270" /></a><figcaption>Tysk kart over Shanghai fra 1888</figcaption></figure> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Qianlong-keiseren" title="Qianlong-keiseren">Qianlong-keiserens</a> epoke under <a href="/wiki/Qing-dynastiet" title="Qing-dynastiet">Qing-dynastiet</a> ble Shanghai en viktig regional elvehavn for elvene <a href="/wiki/Yangtze" title="Yangtze">Yangtze</a> og <a href="/wiki/Huangpu_(elv)" title="Huangpu (elv)">Huangpu</a>, og havshavn for provinsene <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a> og <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>, selv om oversjøisk handel fremdeles var forbudt da. Wujiaochang (nå i distriktet <a href="/wiki/Yangpu_(Shanghai)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangpu (Shanghai)">Yangpu</a>) ble byens sentrum. Mot slutten av Qianlong-eraen ble Shiliupu (nå i distriktet <a href="/wiki/Huangpu_(distrikt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Huangpu (distrikt)">Huangpu</a>) Øst-Asias største havn. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Songjiang_(Shanghai)" title="Songjiang (Shanghai)">Songjiang</a> opphørte å være en overordnet enhet, og i dag er det bare et distrikt <i>innen</i> Shanghai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1800-1950">1800-1950</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1800-1950" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1800-1950"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghai_ca_1910.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Shanghai_ca_1910.JPG/250px-Shanghai_ca_1910.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Shanghai_ca_1910.JPG/375px-Shanghai_ca_1910.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Shanghai_ca_1910.JPG/500px-Shanghai_ca_1910.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1027" data-file-height="979" /></a><figcaption>Shanghai år 1910</figcaption></figure> <p>Shanghais betydning vokste raskt på 1800-tallet da utenrikshandelen skjøt fart. Under <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B8rste_opiumskrig" class="mw-redirect" title="Første opiumskrig">første opiumskrig</a> okkuperte <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">britene</a> byen for en tid. Da krigen endte i <a href="/wiki/1842" title="1842">1842</a> med <a href="/wiki/Nanjingtraktaten" title="Nanjingtraktaten">Nanjingtraktaten</a>, ble Shanghai den nordligste av de fem <a href="/wiki/Traktathavner" class="mw-redirect" title="Traktathavner">traktathavner</a> som måtte åpne seg for utenlandske handelshus. Årene etter fikk fremmede nasjoner rett til å etablere seg med ekstraterritoriale rettigheter, og dette stod ved lag til <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>, selv om det <i>de facto</i> brøt sammen i <a href="/wiki/1930-%C3%A5rene" title="1930-årene">1930-årene</a>. </p><p>Under <a href="/wiki/Taipingoppr%C3%B8ret" title="Taipingopprøret">Taipingopprøret</a> ble Shanghai i <a href="/wiki/1853" title="1853">1853</a> okkupert av en <a href="/wiki/Kinesiske_triader" title="Kinesiske triader">triade</a> som var knyttet til opprørerne. De utenlandske bosetninger forble urørte mens områdene utenfor ble utplyndret. Etter opprøret var over ble forbudet mot at kinesere kunne få bo i de utenlandske konsesjonsområder oppmyket og delvis opphevet. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghai1920s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Shanghai1920s.jpg/250px-Shanghai1920s.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Shanghai1920s.jpg/375px-Shanghai1920s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Shanghai1920s.jpg/500px-Shanghai1920s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="572" /></a><figcaption>Jiujiang Road, Shanghai, 1920-årene</figcaption></figure> <p>I 1863 ble den britiske og den amerikanske konsesjon sammenslått og ble den internasjonale bosetning. Franskmennene ville ikke være med, og beholdt sin <a href="/wiki/Den_franske_konsesjon_i_Shanghai" title="Den franske konsesjon i Shanghai">franske konsesjon</a> for seg selv. Folk fra mange land kom til byen, og fra 1920-tallet kom det nesten 20 000 såkalte hvite russere og russiske jøder som hadde fluktet fra den nyetablerte kommunistiske <a href="/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen">Sovjetunionen</a>. Disse <a href="/wiki/Shanghairussere" title="Shanghairussere">shanghairussere</a> utgjorde etter <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">japanerne</a> den viktigste fremmedkulturelle impuls for byens kulturliv. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:BattleOfShanghaiBaby.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/BattleOfShanghaiBaby.gif/250px-BattleOfShanghaiBaby.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/BattleOfShanghaiBaby.gif/375px-BattleOfShanghaiBaby.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/BattleOfShanghaiBaby.gif/500px-BattleOfShanghaiBaby.gif 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="479" /></a><figcaption>Dette skrekkslagne barnet var eneste overlevende etter at Shanghais Sydbanestasjon ble bombet av japanerne under <a href="/wiki/Slaget_om_Shanghai" title="Slaget om Shanghai">Slaget om Shanghai</a> i august 1937.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Den_f%C3%B8rste_kinesisk-japanske_krig" class="mw-redirect" title="Den første kinesisk-japanske krig">Den første kinesisk-japanske krig</a> <a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a>–<a href="/wiki/1895" title="1895">95</a> endte med <a href="/wiki/Shimonosekitraktaten" title="Shimonosekitraktaten">Shimonosekitraktaten</a>, og etter den ble <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> en viktig fremmedmakt i Shanghai. Japan bygget byens første fabrikker, men de øvrige fremmedmakter tok raskt etter, og slik ble byens industri en ny og viktig faktor. Shanghai var nå Det fjerne østens viktigste finansielle senter. Under <a href="/wiki/Republikken_Kina" class="mw-redirect" title="Republikken Kina">Republikken Kina</a> fikk Shanghai i 1927 en spesialstatus, og tre år etter en enda høyere status. </p><p>Fra <a href="/wiki/1920-%C3%A5rene" title="1920-årene">1920-årene</a> gikk byen inn i det som er blitt kalt dens dekadente år, og da fikk byen etter hvert et tvilsomt rykte på grunn av forbryterbander, kasinoer og bordeller. Som en misjonær bemerket: <i>«Hvis Gud lar Shanghai bestå, skylder han Sodoma og Gomorra en unnskyldning»</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Byen ble i stor utstrekning preget av <a href="/wiki/Kinesiske_triader" title="Kinesiske triader">kinesiske triader</a>, særlig av <a href="/wiki/Den_r%C3%B8de_bande" title="Den røde bande">den røde bande</a> som samarbeidet med det britiske firmaet <a href="/wiki/Jardine_Matheson" title="Jardine Matheson">Jardine Matheson</a> og den britiske etterretningstjeneste og ledet av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chang_Hsiao-lin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chang Hsiao-lin (ikke skrevet ennå)">Chang Hsiao-lin</a>, og av <a href="/wiki/Den_gr%C3%B8nne_bande" title="Den grønne bande">den grønne bande</a> som samarbeidet med franske interessenter og ble ledet av «<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kopperarr-Huang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kopperarr-Huang (ikke skrevet ennå)">Kopperarr-Huang</a>» og senere av <a href="/wiki/Du_Yuesheng" title="Du Yuesheng">Du Yuesheng</a>. Dessforuten var også Tong-banden og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Himmelens_og_jordens_liga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Himmelens og jordens liga (ikke skrevet ennå)">Himmelens og jordens liga</a> aktive i byen. Den grønne bande gikk seirende ut av bandekrigene. </p><p>Den japanske flåte bombarderte byen den <a href="/wiki/28._januar" title="28. januar">28. januar</a> <a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a>, angivelig for å slå ned antijapanske studentopptøyer. Kineserne kjempet tilbake i det som ble kjent som <a href="/w/index.php?title=28._januar-episoden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="28. januar-episoden (ikke skrevet ennå)">28. januar-episoden</a>; det endte med våpenhvile. Slaget om Shanghai i 1937 endte med at japanerne okkuperte byen utenom den internasjonale bosetning og den franske konsesjon. Den internasjonale bosetning ble okkupert den <a href="/wiki/8._desember" title="8. desember">8. desember</a> <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a> og forble på japanske hender til landet kapitulerte i 1945. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Under_kommunistisk_styre">Under kommunistisk styre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Under kommunistisk styre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Under kommunistisk styre"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kommunistene erobret Shanghai den 27. mai 1949. Straks flyttet de fleste utenlandske firmaer til <a href="/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong">Hongkong</a>. Kommunistene foretok masseutrenskninger av slike som man anså som kontrarevolusjonære, og tusener ble drept. Steder som hesteveddeløpsbanen ble omgjort til massehenrettelsesanlegg. </p><p>I 1950- og 1960-årene ble Shanghai et industrielt senter som ble arnested for revolusjonens venstrefløy. Men selv under omveltningene under <a href="/wiki/Kulturrevolusjonen" title="Kulturrevolusjonen">kulturrevolusjonen</a> klarte byen å opprettholde høy økonomisk produktivitet og relativt stor sosial stabilitet. Byen har vært Folkerepublikkens viktigste kilde for skatteinntekter. Shanghai fikk likevel ikke lov til å innlede økonomiske reformer før i 1991. </p><p>Politisk makt i Shanghai har ofte vært en vei til enda høyere posisjoner i Folkerepublikken Kina. Fra 1990-årene snakket man gjerne om <i>Shanghaiklikken</i> av nasjonale politiske ledere. Både president <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a> og statsminister <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a> tilhørte den. Fra 1992 har sentralregjeringen under Jiang Zemin, en tidligere borgermester av Shanghai, begynt å redusere skattepresset i Shanghai og oppmuntret til innenriks og utenlandske investereringer i byen for å styrke dens økonomiske rolle i Øst-Asia. Siden da har Shanghais økonomi opplevd en ubrutt årlig vekst i den hvite (den registrerbare) økonomien på mellom ni og femten prosent; i den sorte (den uregistrerbare) økonomien er veksten av naturlige grunner vanskelig å anslå, men den har i hele det samme tidsrommet vært betydelig. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Økonomi"><span id=".C3.98konomi"></span>Økonomi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Økonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Økonomi"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghaistockexchange.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Shanghaistockexchange.jpg/250px-Shanghaistockexchange.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Shanghaistockexchange.jpg/375px-Shanghaistockexchange.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Shanghaistockexchange.jpg/500px-Shanghaistockexchange.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shanghaib%C3%B8rsen" title="Shanghaibørsen">Shanghaibørsen</a> i finansdistriktet, <a href="/wiki/Lujiazui" title="Lujiazui">Lujiazui</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Shanghai betraktes gjerne som Fastlands-Kinas finansielle og handelsmessige sentrum. Åpningen mot moderne økonomisk drift kom først i <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a>, et helt tiår etter at det var skjedd i mange sørkinesiske provinser, men siden da har Shanghai raskt tatt igjen og gått forbi forløperne, og gjort seg gjeldende som Fastlands-Kinas forretningssenter. Shanghai har også den største aksjebørsen på Fastlands-Kina. </p><p>Den ikkestatlige sektor har (pr 2010) vokst til å utgjøre 42 prosent av Shanghais <a href="/wiki/Bruttonasjonalprodukt" title="Bruttonasjonalprodukt">BNP</a>, mens den reformerte offentlige sektor står for 57,5 prosent.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fra 2005 har Shanghai vært rangert som nummer én av verdens travleste cargohavner. Dens containertrafikk er blitt større enn <a href="/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong">Hongkongs</a>; bare <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> har større containertrafikk.<sup id="cite_ref-port_TEU_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-port_TEU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shanghai og <a href="/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong">Hongkong</a> kappes om å være det viktigste økonomiske senter for hele det kinesiske rom. Hongkong nyter godt av et sterkere rettssystem, bedre internasjonal markedsintegrasjon, større økonomisk frihet, mer ekspertise innen bank- og finanstjenester, og lavere skatter. Shanghai har sterkere forbindelser både til Kinas indre og til sentralregjeringen, og har et sterkere fundament innen industri og teknologi. Shanghai har i de senere år fått større styrke innen finans og bankvesen, er blitt hovedsete for flere store selskaper, og en sterkere magnet for høyt utdannet og moderne arbeidskraft. Shanghais økonomiaske vekst har vært tosifret siden 1992, med unntak av i 2008, da den nominelle veksten var på 9,7%. <a href="/wiki/Shanghaib%C3%B8rsen" title="Shanghaibørsen">Shanghaibørsen</a> er verdens raskest voksende; bare i 2006 vokste volumet med i 130%.<sup id="cite_ref-sse_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sse-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Slik som mange andre regioner i Kina opplever Shanghai en byggeboom. Shanghai får stadig mer dristig og moderne arkitektur. Det bygges både forretningsbygg og residenser, og man er blitt mer opptatt av å sørge for at byen får flere områder som kan tjene som «grønne lunger». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Geografi"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghai_Landsat-7_2005-08-15.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Shanghai_Landsat-7_2005-08-15.jpg/250px-Shanghai_Landsat-7_2005-08-15.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Shanghai_Landsat-7_2005-08-15.jpg/375px-Shanghai_Landsat-7_2005-08-15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Shanghai_Landsat-7_2005-08-15.jpg/500px-Shanghai_Landsat-7_2005-08-15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4455" data-file-height="5073" /></a><figcaption>Shanghais urbane område vises godt på dette satellittbildet fra 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>Shanghai ligger på <a href="/wiki/Yangtze" title="Yangtze">Yangtzedeltaet</a> på Kinas østkyst, og er omtrent like langt fra Beijing og Hongkong. Kommunen som helhet består av en <a href="/wiki/Halv%C3%B8y" title="Halvøy">halvøy</a> mellom <a href="/wiki/Yangtze" title="Yangtze">Yangtze</a> og <a href="/wiki/Hangzhoubukten" title="Hangzhoubukten">Hangzhoubukten</a>, Fastlands-Kina nest største øy <a href="/wiki/Chongming" title="Chongming">Chongming</a>, og en rekke mindre øyer. Den grenser i nord og vest mot <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsuprovinsen</a>, i sør mot <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiangprovinsen</a> og i øst mot <a href="/wiki/%C3%98stkinahavet" class="mw-redirect" title="Østkinahavet">Østkinahavet</a>. Byområdet deles i to av <a href="/wiki/Huangpu_(elv)" title="Huangpu (elv)">elva Huangpu</a>, en sideelv til Yangtze. Det historiske sentrum av byen, <a href="/wiki/Puxi" title="Puxi">Puxi</a>-området, ligger på vestsiden av Huangpu, mens den nyutviklede <a href="/wiki/Pudong" title="Pudong">Pudong</a>, som inneholder det sentrale finansdistriktet <a href="/wiki/Lujiazui" title="Lujiazui">Lujiazui</a>, ble utviklet på østbredden. </p><p>De aller fleste av Shanghais 6340,5 km² er flatt, bortsett fra noen få bakker i det sørvestlige hjørnet, med en gjennomsnittlig høyde på 4 moh.<sup id="cite_ref-topo_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-topo-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Byens beliggenhet på den flate elvesletta har ført til at nye skyskrapere må bygges med dype betongfundamenter for å hindre dem fra å synke ned i myke bakken. Byen har mange elver, kanaler, bekker og innsjøer og er kjent for sine rike vannressurser som en del av <a href="/wiki/Tai_Hu" title="Tai Hu">Tai Husjøens</a> dreneringsområde.<sup id="cite_ref-waterresources_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-waterresources-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klima">Klima</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Klima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Klima"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shanghai har et <a href="/wiki/Fuktig_subtropisk_klima" title="Fuktig subtropisk klima">fuktig subtropisk klima</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppens_klimaklassifisering" title="Köppens klimaklassifisering">Köppen</a> <i>CfA</i>) og opplever fire årstider. Vinteren er kjølig og fuktig, og kald, nordvestlig vind fra <a href="/wiki/Sibir" title="Sibir">Sibir</a> kan føre til nattlige temperaturer under frysepunktet, selv om de fleste år bare ser én eller to dager med snøfall. Somrene er varme og fuktige, med et gjennomsnitt på 8,7 dager over 35° C årlig; sporadiske regnskyll eller <a href="/wiki/Tordenv%C3%A6r" title="Tordenvær">tordenvær</a> kan forventes. Byen er også utsatt for <a href="/wiki/Tyfon" class="mw-disambig" title="Tyfon">tyfoner</a> om sommeren og begynnelsen av høsten, men ingen av disse de siste årene har forårsaket betydelig skade.<sup id="cite_ref-wiphatelegraph_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiphatelegraph-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De mest behagelige årstidene er våren, som likevel kan være ustabil og ofte regnfull, og høsten, som vanligvis er solrik og tørr. Snittemperatur er 4,2° C i januar og 27,9° C i juli, det årlige snittet ligger på 16,1° C. Shanghai opplever i gjennomsnitt 1,878 soltimer per år, den høyeste temperaturen noen gang er registrert var på 40,2° C, og den laveste på -12,1° C.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_inndelinger">Administrative inndelinger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Administrative inndelinger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Administrative inndelinger"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Byprovinsen Shanghai har jurisdiksjon over 17 <a href="/wiki/Distrikt_(Kina)" title="Distrikt (Kina)">distrikter</a> (区 <i>qū</i>) og ett <a href="/wiki/Fylke_(Kina)" title="Fylke (Kina)">fylke</a> (县 <i>xiàn</i>). </p> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <th># </th> <th>Navn </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanzi">Hanzi</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a> </th> <th>Befolkning (2008 est.) </th> <th>Areal (km²) </th> <th>Tetthet (/km²) </th> <th>Kart </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="#D3D3D3"><b>Distrikter i bykjernen</b> </td> <td rowspan="21" align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shanghai_mcp.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Nummerert kart over Shanghai"><img alt="Nummerert kart over Shanghai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Shanghai_mcp.png/300px-Shanghai_mcp.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Shanghai_mcp.png 1.5x" data-file-width="386" data-file-height="429" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huangpu_(Shanghai)" title="Huangpu (Shanghai)">Huangpu</a> </td> <td>黄浦区 </td> <td>Huángpǔ Qū </td> <td>539 000 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>44 917 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luwan" title="Luwan">Luwan</a> </td> <td>卢湾区 </td> <td>Lúwān Qū </td> <td>275 000 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>34 375 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xuhui" title="Xuhui">Xuhui</a> </td> <td>徐汇区 </td> <td>Xúhuì Qū </td> <td>982 000 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>17 855 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Changning_(Shanghai)" title="Changning (Shanghai)">Changning</a> </td> <td>长宁区 </td> <td>Chángníng Qū </td> <td>668 000 </td> <td>38 </td> <td>17 579 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jing%27an_(Shanghai)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jing'an (Shanghai)">Jing'an</a> </td> <td>静安区 </td> <td>Jìng'ān Qū </td> <td>258 000 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>32 250 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Putuo_(Shanghai)" title="Putuo (Shanghai)">Putuo</a> </td> <td>普陀区 </td> <td>Pǔtuó Qū </td> <td>1 087 000 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>19 764 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhabei" title="Zhabei">Zhabei</a> </td> <td>闸北区 </td> <td>Zháběi Qū </td> <td>745 000 </td> <td>29 </td> <td>25 690 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hongkou" title="Hongkou">Hongkou</a> </td> <td>虹口区 </td> <td>Hóngkǒu Qū </td> <td>781 000 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>32 542 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yangpu" title="Yangpu">Yangpu</a> </td> <td>杨浦区 </td> <td>Yángpǔ Qū </td> <td>1 195 000 </td> <td>61 </td> <td>19 590 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="#D3D3D3"><b>Distrikter i forstedene</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pudong" title="Pudong">Pudong nye område</a> </td> <td>浦东新区 </td> <td>Pǔdōng Xīn Qū </td> <td>4 119 000 </td> <td>1 211 </td> <td>3 401 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baoshan_(Shanghai)" title="Baoshan (Shanghai)">Baoshan</a> </td> <td>宝山区 </td> <td>Bǎoshān Qū </td> <td>1 406 000 </td> <td>271 </td> <td>5 188 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minhang" title="Minhang">Minhang</a> </td> <td>闵行区 </td> <td>Mǐnháng Qū </td> <td>1 805 000 </td> <td>371 </td> <td>4 865 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jiading" title="Jiading">Jiading</a> </td> <td>嘉定区 </td> <td>Jiādìng Qū </td> <td>1 034 000 </td> <td>464 </td> <td>2 228 </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jinshan" title="Jinshan">Jinshan</a> </td> <td>金山区 </td> <td>Jīnshān Qū </td> <td>646 000 </td> <td>586 </td> <td>1 102 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Songjiang_(Shanghai)" title="Songjiang (Shanghai)">Songjiang</a> </td> <td>松江区 </td> <td>Sōngjiāng Qū </td> <td>1 074 000 </td> <td>606 </td> <td>1 772 </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qingpu_(Shanghai)" title="Qingpu (Shanghai)">Qingpu</a> </td> <td>青浦区 </td> <td>Qīngpǔ Qū </td> <td>790 000 </td> <td>670 </td> <td>1 179 </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fengxian" title="Fengxian">Fengxian</a> </td> <td>奉贤区 </td> <td>Fèngxián Qū </td> <td>808 000 </td> <td>687 </td> <td>1 176 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="#D3D3D3"><b>Fylker</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chongming" title="Chongming">Chongming</a> </td> <td>崇明县 </td> <td>Chóngmíng Xiàn </td> <td>673 000 </td> <td>1 186 </td> <td>567 </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:PudongBW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/PudongBW.jpg/250px-PudongBW.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/PudongBW.jpg/375px-PudongBW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/PudongBW.jpg/500px-PudongBW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2692" data-file-height="1772" /></a><figcaption>Panorama av <a href="/wiki/Pudong" title="Pudong">Pudong</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Promenade_du_Bund.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Promenade_du_Bund.jpg/250px-Promenade_du_Bund.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Promenade_du_Bund.jpg/375px-Promenade_du_Bund.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Promenade_du_Bund.jpg/500px-Promenade_du_Bund.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1748" data-file-height="1162" /></a><figcaption>Shanghais elvepromenade <a href="/wiki/The_Bund" title="The Bund">The Bund</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Pudong (<i>«øst for Huangpu»</i>), offisielt <b>Pudong nye område</b> (<i>Pǔdōng Xīn Qū</i>), er et nytt og moderne distrikt bygget opp etter 1992 på østbredden av Huangpu-elven. Distriktet utgjør i dag byens (og landets) finansielle sentrum og rommer moderne arkitektur og noen av verdens høyeste skyskrapere. Frem til <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> var området kjent som Chuansha <a href="/wiki/Fylke_(Kina)" title="Fylke (Kina)">fylke</a>. Pudongs vestlige del hører klart med til Shanghais bymessige kjerne, men det er også store mer landlige deler i øst, som i det gamle bydistriktet <a href="/wiki/Nanhui" title="Nanhui">Nanhui</a> som ble innlemmet i Pudong i mai <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a>. </p><p>Chongming dekker øyene Chongming, Changxing, Hengsha og Yuansha, som alle ligger ved utløpet av Yangtze-elva. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Severdigheter">Severdigheter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Rediger avsnitt: Severdigheter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Severdigheter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Yuyuangardenpic1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yuyuangardenpic1.jpg/250px-Yuyuangardenpic1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yuyuangardenpic1.jpg/375px-Yuyuangardenpic1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yuyuangardenpic1.jpg/500px-Yuyuangardenpic1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Paviljong i <a href="/wiki/Yuyuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuyuan">Yuyuan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>I midten av Shanghai ligger den store <a href="/wiki/Folkets_Park_(Shanghai)" class="mw-redirect" title="Folkets Park (Shanghai)">Folkeparken</a> som er anlagt over den gamle galoppbanen fra den tid England kontrollerte denne delen av Shanghai. Tunnelbanestasjonen under parken er en av verdene største i størrelse samt i antall trafikanter med flere linjer. I 2010 hadde Shanghais metrosystem 19 linjer (fra 2 linjer i 2001). Fra denne parken går <a href="/wiki/Nanjing_lu" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanjing lu">Nanjing lu</a>, en stor gågate med bl.a. fire store varehus. Gaten slutter ved <a href="/wiki/The_Bund" title="The Bund">The Bund</a>. Den er en elvepromenade/gate med gamle europeiske bygninger (som f.eks. HSBCs tidligere bankpalass). Under elven kan man ta sporvogner gjennom «The Bund Sightseeing Tunnel», med effekter i form av belysning i skiftende farger og former. Her ligger også Peace Hotel, et verdensberømt hotell, nå nyrenovert. Inne i hotellet finnes <i>The Jazz Room</i>, der man har spilt jazz uavbrutt siden før revolusjonen. </p><p>Av spesielle severdigheter kan nevnes <a href="/wiki/Qibao" title="Qibao">Qibao</a>, en såkalt vannby (<i>water town</i>), en gammel historisk by med kanaler og gamle hus som nå ligger inneklemt i et moderne boligområde. </p><p>På andra side av floden er Pudong, der noen av verdens høyeste og største skyskrapere ligger. Her er også Shanghais mest kjente bygning og symbol, <a href="/wiki/Fjernsynst%C3%A5rnet_%C3%98stens_Perle" title="Fjernsynstårnet Østens Perle">Fjernsynstårnet Østens Perle</a>, som er et futuristisk høyt tårn med runde baller hvorav en bergbane samt en simulatorkino som finnes i den største ballen. Shanghais høyeste bygning er <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_World_Financial_Center" title="Shanghai World Financial Center">Shanghai World Financial Center</a>, SWFC. Den er 492 meter høy og har en utsiktsetasje lengst oppe med et glassgulv. Under oppføring er <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Tower" title="Shanghai Tower">Shanghai Tower</a> som kommer til bli verdens nest høyeste når den er klar med sine 632 meter. Shanghais mest berømte park er den gamle parken <a href="/wiki/Yuyuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuyuan">Yuyuan</a>. </p><p>Den 1. mai 2010 ble <a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Expo_2010_Shanghai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Expo 2010 Shanghai (ikke skrevet ennå)">World Expo 2010 Shanghai</a> åpnet. Expoområdet ligner en hel by og strekker seg kilometervis på begge sider av elven. </p><p>Andra severdigheter i Pudong er det fine akvariet med innretning mot haier som ligger ved Pearl Tower. Ikke langt derfra ligger Super Brand Mall, det største shoppingsenteret i Kina, Jin Mao-bygningen ved siden av SWFC. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Samferdsel">Samferdsel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Rediger avsnitt: Samferdsel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Samferdsel"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Skipsfart">Skipsfart</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Rediger avsnitt: Skipsfart" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Skipsfart"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shanghai er en av verdens travleste havner. Fra gammelt av har havnen langs elven Huangpu – både inne ved byens sentrum og ute ved dens utløp i Yangze – vært blant Kinas viktigste, både for oversjøisk sjøtransport, elvefart og kanaltransport. Byen har dessuten konstruert en ny og moderne havn et stykke ute i <a href="/wiki/Hangzhoubukten" title="Hangzhoubukten">Hangzhoubukten</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Luftfart">Luftfart</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Rediger avsnitt: Luftfart" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Luftfart"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shanghai har to storflyplasser som begge er blant Kinas travleste. Det er <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Hongqiao_internasjonale_lufthavn" title="Shanghai Hongqiao internasjonale lufthavn">Shanghai Hongqiao internasjonale lufthavn</a> og <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Pudong_internasjonale_lufthavn" title="Shanghai Pudong internasjonale lufthavn">Shanghai Pudong internasjonale lufthavn</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> den sistnevnte kommer på tredjeplass (2010) i trafikkvolum i Kina, etter <a href="/wiki/Beijing_internasjonale_lufthavn" title="Beijing internasjonale lufthavn">Beijing internasjonale lufthavn</a> og <a href="/wiki/Hongkong_internasjonale_lufthavn" title="Hongkong internasjonale lufthavn">Hongkong internasjonale lufthavn</a>. Pudong har imidlertid flere internasjonalt reisende enn Beijing Capital.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hongqiao betjener primært innenlandsreisende, men har også enkelte flyvninger, som til Tokyo og Seoul. Hongqiao er om lag ti kilometer vest for Shanghai sentrum; den er dermed vesentlig nærmere byen enn Pudong lufthavn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jernbane">Jernbane</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Rediger avsnitt: Jernbane" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=14" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Jernbane"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Byen var den første som fikk en jernbane; <a href="/wiki/Woosungbanen" title="Woosungbanen">Woosungbanen</a> ut til Huangpuflodens utløp. Men den ble demontert etter bare ett års drift. Men Shanghai har i dag raske og moderne jernbanelinjer i alle retninger over hele Kina. <a href="/wiki/Beijing-Shanghai_h%C3%B8yhastighetstog" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing-Shanghai høyhastighetstog">Beijing-Shanghai høyhastighetstog</a>, verdens lengste høyhastighetsbane (2011), ender her. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Veier">Veier</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Rediger avsnitt: Veier" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=15" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Veier"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Både motorveier og andre hovedveier strekker seg ut i vifteform fra Shanghai. Blant dem er <a href="/wiki/Kinas_riksvei_312" title="Kinas riksvei 312">Kinas riksvei 312</a>, som går helt til Kinas grense med <a href="/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan">Kasakhstan</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Kinas_riksvei_318" title="Kinas riksvei 318">riksvei 318</a>, som går helt til <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> og frem til Kinas grense mot <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultur">Kultur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kultur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=16" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kultur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_kinesiske_orkester" title="Shanghai kinesiske orkester">Shanghai kinesiske orkester</a> har base i byen Shanghai. Orkesteret ble etablert i 1952, og musikerne spiller på tradisjonelle kinesiske musikkinstrumenter. Da det startet opp var dette det eneste orkesteret i sitt slag i Kina.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Det statlige ballettkompaniet <a href="/wiki/Shanghaiballetten" title="Shanghaiballetten">Shanghaiballetten</a> ble grunnlagt i 1966, og har sine oppsetninger i byen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fotnoter">Fotnoter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Rediger avsnitt: Fotnoter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=17" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Fotnoter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18775549">.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-alpha+ol li{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-alpha+ol li{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-roman+ol li{list-style-type:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-roman+ol li{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-decimal+ol li{list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-alpha+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:lower-alpha!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-alpha+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:upper-alpha!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-lower-roman+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:lower-roman!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-upper-roman+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:upper-roman!important}.mw-parser-output .following-list-style-type-decimal+.mw-references-wrap>ol.references li{list-style-type:decimal!important}</style><div class="ve-conditional-display-block following-list-style-type-lower-alpha"><b>Type nummerering</b></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Kinesisk" title="Kinesisk">kinesisk</a>: 上海; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i>Shànghǎi</i>; <a href="/wiki/Shanghainesisk" title="Shanghainesisk">shanghainesisk</a>: [z̥ɑ̃̀hé]</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=18" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citypopulation.de/China-UA.html?admid=378">China: Provinces and Major Cities</a> <i>Citypopulation.de</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Kinas statistiske sentralbyrå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm">Folketelling 2010</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130727021210/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm">Arkivert</a> 27. juli 2013 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>If God lets Shanghai endure, he owes an apology to Sodom and Gomorrah</i>, sitert fra Stella Dong: <i>Shanghai: The Rise and Fall of a Decadent City 1842-1949</i>, Harper Perennial, 2001, s. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091230110819/http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node17256/node17432/node17437/index.html">«shanghai»</a>. shanghai. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node17256/node17432/node17437/index.html">originalen</a> 30. desember 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 5. mai 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.btitle=shanghai&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=shanghai&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shanghai.gov.cn%2Fshanghai%2Fnode17256%2Fnode17432%2Fnode17437%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-port_TEU-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-port_TEU_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://transport.tdctrade.com/content.aspx?data=Logistics_content_en&contentid=1004574">«Shanghai port TEU throughput ranks 2nd largest in the world»</a>. Hong Kong Trade Development Council.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.btitle=Shanghai+port+TEU+throughput+ranks+2nd+largest+in+the+world&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Trade+Development+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftransport.tdctrade.com%2Fcontent.aspx%3Fdata%3DLogistics_content_en%26contentid%3D1004574&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" siden april 2018" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:D%C3%B8de_eksterne_lenker" title="Wikipedia:Døde eksterne lenker">død lenke</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sse-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sse_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090201092922/http://hongkong.hktdc.com/content.aspx?data=Banking_content_en&contentid=802974">«Shanghai Stock Exchange announces 2007 strategy»</a>. Hong Kong Trade Development Council. 6. mars 2007. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hongkong.hktdc.com/content.aspx?data=Banking_content_en&contentid=802974">originalen</a> 1. februar 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 16. mai 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.btitle=Shanghai+Stock+Exchange+announces+2007+strategy&rft.date=2007-03-06&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Trade+Development+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhongkong.hktdc.com%2Fcontent.aspx%3Fdata%3DBanking_content_en%26contentid%3D802974&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-topo-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-topo_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003033931/http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node23919/node24059/node24061/userobject22ai36485.html">«Topographic Features»</a>. <i>Basic Facts</i> (på engelsk). Shanghai Municipal Government. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node23919/node24059/node24061/userobject22ai36485.html">originalen</a> 3. oktober 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 19. juli 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.atitle=Topographic+Features&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Basic+Facts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shanghai.gov.cn%2Fshanghai%2Fnode23919%2Fnode24059%2Fnode24061%2Fuserobject22ai36485.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-waterresources-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-waterresources_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003033713/http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node23919/node24059/node24061/userobject22ai36486.html">«Water Resources»</a>. <i>Basic Facts</i> (på engelsk). Shanghai Municipal Government. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node23919/node24059/node24061/userobject22ai36486.html">originalen</a> 3. oktober 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 19. juli 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.atitle=Water+Resources&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Basic+Facts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shanghai.gov.cn%2Fshanghai%2Fnode23919%2Fnode24059%2Fnode24061%2Fuserobject22ai36486.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wiphatelegraph-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wiphatelegraph_10-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Spencer, Richard (19. september 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013183032/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F09%2F19%2Fwtyphoon119.xml">«1.6m flee Shanghai typhoon»</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i> (på engelsk). UK. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F09%2F19%2Fwtyphoon119.xml">originalen</a> 13. oktober 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 20. mars 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.atitle=1.6m+flee+Shanghai+typhoon&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.date=2007-09-19&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fmain.jhtml%3Fxml%3D%252Fnews%252F2007%252F09%252F19%252Fwtyphoon119.xml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm">«Extreme Temperatures Around the World»</a> (på engelsk)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 1. desember 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.btitle=Extreme+Temperatures+Around+the+World&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mherrera.org%2Ftemp.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101230072918/http://www.shanghaifocus.com/guide/Shanghai/transportation-index.html">«Transportation»</a>. Shanghai Focus. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shanghaifocus.com/guide/Shanghai/transportation-index.html">originalen</a> 30. desember 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 5. mai 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.btitle=Transportation&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Shanghai+Focus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shanghaifocus.com%2Fguide%2FShanghai%2Ftransportation-index.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Pudong airport has most passengers from abroad (The Business Times: 9 January 2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20110723151233/http://www.chncpa.org/n457779/n457834/n516566/2843792.html">«Arkivert kopi»</a>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chncpa.org/n457779/n457834/n516566/2843792.html">originalen</a> 23. juli 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 1. januar 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AShanghai&rft.btitle=Arkivert+kopi&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chncpa.org%2Fn457779%2Fn457834%2Fn516566%2F2843792.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=19" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Barber" title="Noel Barber">Noel Barber</a>: <i>Fall of Shanghai: Communist Takeover in 1949</i>, 1979</li> <li>Zhi Hao Chu: <i>Die moderne chinesische Architektur im Spannungsfeld zwischen eigener Tradition und fremden Kulturen: Aufgezeigt am Beispiel der Wohnkultur in der Stadt Shanghai</i>, Verlag Peter Lang Frankfurt, 2003, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-631-50437-3" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-631-50437-3">3-631-50437-3</a></li> <li>Oliver Corff: <i>Die Sprachgemeinschaft von Shanghai</i>, Bochum: Brockmeyer, 1994, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-8196-0215-1" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-8196-0215-1">3-8196-0215-1</a></li> <li>Erik N. Danielson: <i>Shanghai and the Yangzi Delta</i>. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish/Times Editions, 2004. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/981-232-597-2" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/981-232-597-2">981-232-597-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_Dong" title="Stella Dong">Stella Dong</a>: <i>Shanghai: The Rise and Fall of a Decadent City 1842-1949</i>, Harper Perennial, 2001, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0060934811" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-0060934811">978-0060934811</a></li> <li>Mark Elvin: «Market Towns and Waterways: The County of Shanghai from 1480 to 1910,» i <i>The City in Late Imperial China</i>, red. G. William Skinner. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1977.</li> <li>Astrid Freyeisen: <i>Shanghai und die Politik des Dritten Reiches</i>, Königshausen und Neumann, 2000, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-8260-1690-4" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-8260-1690-4">3-8260-1690-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torbj%C3%B8rn_F%C3%A6r%C3%B8vik" title="Torbjørn Færøvik">Torbjørn Færøvik</a>: <i>Kina – En reise på Livets elv</i>, Cappelen, Oslo 2003, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-82-02-22081-5" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-82-02-22081-5">978-82-02-22081-5</a></li> <li>Andrew Humphreys (utg.): <i>Shanghai</i>, Time Out City Guide. London, 2004, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/1-904978-22-3" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/1-904978-22-3">1-904978-22-3</a></li> <li>Linda Cooke Johnson: <i>Cities of Jiangnan in Late Imperial China</i>. Albany: State University of New York (SUNY), 1993.</li> <li>Linda Cooke Johnson: <i>Shanghai: From Market Town to Treaty Port</i>. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.</li> <li>Jian-Xin Li: <i>Gewässerschutz in Shanghai</i>, Technische Universität Berlin, 1997, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-7983-1740-2" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-7983-1740-2">3-7983-1740-2</a></li> <li>Martin Luce og Sebastian Post: <i>Federball Propaganda</i>, eine räumlich-polemische Kartierung, gefördert von der Kulturbehörde Hamburg, materialverlag, 2005, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-938158-25-5" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-938158-25-5">3-938158-25-5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305203505/http://fedprop.de/">Volltextversion als PDF</a></li> <li>Jürgen Osterhammel: <i>Shanghai, 30. Mai 1925. Die chinesische Revolution</i>, Dtv, 1997, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-423-30604-1" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-423-30604-1">3-423-30604-1</a></li> <li>Steffi Schmitt: <i>Shanghai-Promenade. Spaziergänge zwischen den Zeiten</i>, Hongkong: Old China Hand Press, 2003, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/962-7872-48-2" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/962-7872-48-2">962-7872-48-2</a></li> <li>Steffi Schmitt: <i>Shanghai-Promenade. Spaziergänge zwischen den Zeiten</i>, 2. überarb. & erw. Aufl., Hamburg: Abera Verlag, 2008, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-3-934376-78-6" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-3-934376-78-6">978-3-934376-78-6</a></li> <li>Wilfried Seywald: <i>Journalisten im Shanghaier Exil 1939–1949. Deutschsprachiger Exiljournalismus in Shanghai</i>, Wien: Neugebauer, 1987, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-85376-051-1" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-85376-051-1">3-85376-051-1</a></li> <li>Bindong Sun: <i>Institutionen und regionales Wirtschaftswachstum am Beispiel Shanghai</i>, Technische Universität Berlin, 2004, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-7983-1942-1" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-7983-1942-1">3-7983-1942-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rune_Svarverud" title="Rune Svarverud">Rune Svarverud</a> og <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Eide" title="Elisabeth Eide">Elisabeth Eide</a>: «Norsk Sjøfart, Handel og Forretningsdrift i det Gamle Shanghai», i Norsk Sjøfartsmuseum Årsbok 1999. s. 7-54</li> <li>Rune Svarverud: «I Shanghais tjeneste. Nordmenn i Shanghai før 1. verdenskrig», i <i>Historie</i> 1999; Volum 2-99. s. 28-49</li> <li>Rune Svarverud: «I Kamp med Banditter: Norsk Politikonstabel på Oppdrag i Shanghai», i <i>Dyade</i> 2001 ; Volum 3. s. 36-41</li> <li>Christian Theisen: <i>Shanghai – Wirtschaftszentrum im 21.Jahrhundert.</i> BoD, 2001, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3-8311-1481-1" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/3-8311-1481-1">3-8311-1481-1</a></li> <li>Donata + Christoph Valentien: <i>Neuer Botanischer Garten Shanghai</i>, JOVIS Verlag Berlin 2008, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/978-3-939633-58-7" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/978-3-939633-58-7">978-3-939633-58-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Wakeman" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederic Wakeman">Frederic Wakeman</a> og Yeh Wen-Hsin: <i>Shanghai sojourners</i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>, 1992 (med Yeh Wen-Hsin)</li> <li>Frederic Wakeman: <i>Policing Shanghai, 1927 – 1937</i>, 1995</li> <li>Frederic Wakeman: <i>The Shanghai Badlands: Wartime Terrorism and Urban Crime, 1937-1941</i>, Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1996</li> <li>Bernard Wasserstein: <i>Secret War in Shanghai: Treachery, Subversion and Collaboration in the Second World War</i>, London, 1998</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&action=edit&section=20" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="forenklet kinesisk">(zh-Hans)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shanghai.gov.cn/">Offisielt nettsted</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p856"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8686?uselang=nb#P856" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" 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title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="flagg"><span><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina"><img alt="Kinas flagg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonome regioner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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