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<span>Offensive</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Offensive-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Offensive subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Offensive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Battle_of_Dobro_Pole" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle_of_Dobro_Pole"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Battle of Dobro Pole</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle_of_Dobro_Pole-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Battle_of_Doiran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle_of_Doiran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Battle of Doiran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle_of_Doiran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofensiva_del_Vardar" title="Ofensiva del Vardar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ofensiva del Vardar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vardarsk%C3%A1_ofenz%C3%ADva" title="Vardarská ofenzíva – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vardarská ofenzíva" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%91%CE%BE%CE%B9%CF%8C" title="Επίθεση στον Αξιό – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επίθεση στον Αξιό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofensiva_del_Vardar" title="Ofensiva del Vardar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ofensiva del Vardar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offensive_du_Vardar" title="Offensive du Vardar – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Offensive du Vardar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vardarska_ofenziva" title="Vardarska ofenziva – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vardarska ofenziva" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offensiva_del_Vardar" title="Offensiva del Vardar – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Offensiva del Vardar" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vardaroffensief" title="Vardaroffensief – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vardaroffensief" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vardaroffensiven" title="Vardaroffensiven – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vardaroffensiven" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofensiva_de_Vardar" title="Ofensiva de Vardar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ofensiva de Vardar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofensiva_Vardar" title="Ofensiva Vardar – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ofensiva Vardar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Вардарское наступление – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вардарское наступление" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Вардарска офанзива – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вардарска офанзива" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Vardar offensive</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">Macedonian front</a> and <a href="/wiki/Balkans_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkans Theatre">Balkans Theatre</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Doiran_Front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Doiran_Front.jpg/300px-Doiran_Front.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Doiran_Front.jpg/450px-Doiran_Front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Doiran_Front.jpg/600px-Doiran_Front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1590" /></a></span><br />A Bulgarian telephone station at <a href="/wiki/Lake_Doiran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Doiran">Lake Doiran</a>, March 1917</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>15–29 September 1918</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Vardar_Macedonia" title="Vardar Macedonia">Vardar Macedonia</a> (present day <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Allied victory</li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Salonica" title="Armistice of Salonica">Armistice of Salonica</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-sort-value="Bulgaria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)">Bulgaria</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Germany"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Germany</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-sort-value="Serbia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">France</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="United Kingdom"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Greece"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Italy"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire"><img alt="German Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_Scholtz" title="Friedrich von Scholtz">Friedrich von Scholtz</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire"><img alt="German Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kuno_von_Steuben" title="Kuno von Steuben">Kuno von Steuben</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Georgi_Todorov_(general)" title="Georgi Todorov (general)">Georgi Todorov</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hristo_Burmov" title="Hristo Burmov">Hristo Burmov</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nerezov" title="Stefan Nerezov">Stefan Nerezov</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Vazov" title="Vladimir Vazov">Vladimir Vazov</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic"><img alt="French Third Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Louis_Franchet_d%27Esperey" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Franchet d'Esperey">Louis F. d'Esperey</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic"><img alt="French Third Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Prosper_Henrys" title="Paul Prosper Henrys">Paul Prosper Henrys</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia"><img alt="Kingdom of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivojin_Mi%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Živojin Mišić">Živojin Mišić</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia"><img alt="Kingdom of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Petar_Bojovi%C4%87" title="Petar Bojović">Petar Bojović</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia"><img alt="Kingdom of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stepa_Stepanovi%C4%87" title="Stepa Stepanović">Stepa Stepanović</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland"><img alt="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/George_Milne" class="mw-redirect" title="George Milne">George Milne</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland"><img alt="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fuller_Maitland_Wilson" title="Henry Fuller Maitland Wilson">Henry Wilson</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece"><img alt="Kingdom of Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Danglis" title="Panagiotis Danglis">Panagiotis Danglis</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece"><img alt="Kingdom of Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Gargalidis" title="Panagiotis Gargalidis">Panagiotis Gargalidis</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Mombelli" title="Ernesto Mombelli">Ernesto Mombelli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Units involved</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire"><img alt="German Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Scholtz" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Group Scholtz">Army Group Scholtz</a> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire"><img alt="German Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/11th_German-Bulgarian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="11th German-Bulgarian Army">11th Army</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Bulgaria)" title="First Army (Bulgaria)">1st Army</a></li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allied_Army_of_the_Orient" title="Allied Army of the Orient">Allied Army of the Orient</a></span> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic"><img alt="French Third Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_d%27Orient_(1915%E2%80%9319)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armée d'Orient (1915–19)">Armée d'Orient</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia"><img alt="Kingdom of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Serbia)" title="First Army (Serbia)">1st Army</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia"><img alt="Kingdom of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(Serbia)" title="Second Army (Serbia)">2nd Army</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland"><img alt="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/British_Salonika_Army" title="British Salonika Army">Salonika Army</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece"><img alt="Kingdom of Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Serres_Division" title="Serres Division">Serres Division</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece"><img alt="Kingdom of Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cretan_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretan Division">Cretan Division</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=35th_Division_(Italy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="35th Division (Italy) (page does not exist)">35th Division</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 2 armies</li> <li>500 artillery pieces</li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic"><img alt="French Third Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 3 divisions</li> <li>822 artillery pieces</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia"><img alt="Kingdom of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> 2 corps</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece"><img alt="Kingdom of Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> 6 divisions</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland"><img alt="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 4 divisions</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> 1 division</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Unknown dead and wounded</li> <li>77,000 captured</li> <li>500 artillery pieces lost</li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic"><img alt="French Third Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 3,449</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia"><img alt="Kingdom of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> 3,215</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland"><img alt="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 4,589</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece"><img alt="Kingdom of Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> 5,295</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> 747<hr /></li> <li><b>Total</b>: 17,295 casualties<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961224_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961224-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Macedonian_front" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Macedonian_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Macedonian Front (World War I)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Macedonian_front" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front"><span class="wrap">Macedonian front</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krivolak" title="Battle of Krivolak">Krivolak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosturino" title="Battle of Kosturino">Kosturino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1916)" title="Battle of Doiran (1916)">1st Doiran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Florina" title="Battle of Florina">Florina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struma_operation" title="Struma operation">Struma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastir_offensive" title="Monastir offensive">Monastir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malka_Nidzhe" title="Battle of Malka Nidzhe">Malka Nidzhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kaymakchalan" title="Battle of Kaymakchalan">Kaymakchalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Crna_Bend_(1916)" title="Battle of the Crna Bend (1916)">1st Crna Bend</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monastir_(1917)" title="Battle of Monastir (1917)">2nd Monastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1917)" title="Battle of Doiran (1917)">2nd Doiran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Crna_Bend_(1917)" title="Battle of the Crna Bend (1917)">2nd Crna Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Skra-di-Legen" title="Battle of Skra-di-Legen">Skra-di-Legen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vardar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dobro_Pole" title="Battle of Dobro Pole">Dobro Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1918)" title="Battle of Doiran (1918)">3rd Doiran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Serbia,_Albania_and_Montenegro_(1918)" title="Liberation of Serbia, Albania and Montenegro (1918)">Liberation of Serbia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ni%C5%A1_(1918)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Niš (1918) (page does not exist)">Niš</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladai_Uprising&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladai Uprising (page does not exist)">Vladai Uprising </a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="bg:Владайско въстание">bg</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Vardar offensive</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Офанзива при Вардар</span>) was a <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> military operation, fought between 15 and 29 September 1918. The operation took place during the final stage of the <a href="/wiki/Balkans_Campaign_(World_War_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkans Campaign (World War I)">Balkans Campaign</a>. On 15 September, a combined <a href="/wiki/Allied_Army_of_the_Orient" title="Allied Army of the Orient">force</a> of Serbian, French, and Greek troops <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dobro_Pole" title="Battle of Dobro Pole">attacked</a> the Bulgarian-held trenches in Dobro Pole ("Good Field"), at the time part of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a> (present-day <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>). The assault and the preceding artillery preparation had devastating effects on Bulgarian morale, eventually leading to mass desertions. </p><p>On 18 September, a second Entente formation <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1918)" title="Battle of Doiran (1918)">assaulted</a> the Bulgarian positions in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Doiran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Doiran">Lake Doiran</a>. Effectively employing machine gun and artillery fire the Bulgarians managed to stall the Allied advance on the Doiran sector. However the collapse of the front at Dobro Pole forced the Bulgarians to withdraw from Doiran. The Allies pursued the German <a href="/wiki/11th_Army_(German_Empire)" title="11th Army (German Empire)">11th Army</a> and the Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Bulgaria)" title="First Army (Bulgaria)">1st Army</a>, while pushing deeper into <a href="/wiki/Vardar_Macedonia" title="Vardar Macedonia">Vardar Macedonia</a>. By 29 September, the Allies had captured the former HQ of <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, thus endangering the remnants of the 11th Army. </p><p>The parallel development of the anti-monarchist <a href="/wiki/Radomir_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Radomir Rebellion">Radomir Rebellion</a> forced <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> to sign the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Salonica" title="Armistice of Salonica">Armistice of Salonica</a> and withdraw from the war. The treaty included the full <a href="/wiki/Capitulation_(surrender)" title="Capitulation (surrender)">capitulation</a> of the 11th Army, bringing the final tally of Bulgarian and German prisoners to 77,000 and granting the Allies 500 artillery pieces. The Bulgarian downfall turned the strategic and operational balance of the war against the <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a>. The Macedonian Front was brought to an end at noon on 30 September, when the ceasefire came into effect. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prelude">Prelude</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Prelude"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BulgarianPOW-Skra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/BulgarianPOW-Skra.jpg/300px-BulgarianPOW-Skra.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/BulgarianPOW-Skra.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="205" /></a><figcaption>Bulgarian prisoners of war captured at Skra</figcaption></figure> <p>The 28 June 1914, <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria">assassination</a> of Austro-Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive">heir presumptive</a> <a href="/wiki/Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand" class="mw-redirect" title="Archduke Franz Ferdinand">Archduke Franz Ferdinand</a> precipitated <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>'s declaration of war against <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>. The conflict quickly attracted the involvement of all major European countries, pitting the <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Entente coalition</a> and starting <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlbertini195336_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlbertini195336-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFischer196773_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFischer196773-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWillmott200311–15_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWillmott200311–15-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Serbia was defeated during the autumn 1915 phase of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Campaign_of_World_War_I#Course_of_the_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Campaign of World War I">Serbian Campaign</a>, prompting France and Britain to transfer troops from the <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallipoli Campaign">Gallipoli Campaign</a> to <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Greece)" title="Macedonia (Greece)">Greek Macedonia</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">Macedonian front</a> was thus established in an effort to support the remnants of the Serbian army to conquer <a href="/wiki/Vardar_Macedonia" title="Vardar Macedonia">Vardar Macedonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHall201048–50_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHall201048–50-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 August 1916, in the <a href="/wiki/Struma_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Struma offensive">Struma offensive</a> Bulgaria invaded Greece, easily conquering all Greek territory east of the <a href="/wiki/Struma_(river)" title="Struma (river)">Struma</a>, since the Greek Army was ordered not to resist by the pro-German <a href="/wiki/Constantine_I_of_Greece" title="Constantine I of Greece">King Constantine</a>. The surrender of territory recently won with difficulty in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</a> of 1913 was the last straw for many supporters of <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Greece)" title="Liberal Party (Greece)">Liberal Party</a> politician <a href="/wiki/Eleftherios_Venizelos" title="Eleftherios Venizelos">Eleftherios Venizelos</a>. With Allied assistance, they launched a coup which secured Thessaloniki and most of Greek Macedonia, causing the <a href="/wiki/National_Schism" title="National Schism">National Schism</a>. In June 1917, the <a href="/wiki/Venizelism" title="Venizelism">Venizelists</a> gained full control of the country, immediately declaring war on the Central Powers and joining the <a href="/wiki/Allied_Army_of_the_Orient" title="Allied Army of the Orient">Allied Army of the Orient</a> operating on the Balkan Front. The Greek entry into the war along with the 24 division reinforcements that the Army had received in the spring of the same year had created a strategic advantage for the Entente.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalls1933152–184,_208–230,_348–362_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalls1933152–184,_208–230,_348–362-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 May 1918, the Allies launched an offensive on the heavily fortified <a href="/wiki/Skra,_Kilkis" title="Skra, Kilkis">Skra</a> salient, commencing the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Skra-di-Legen" title="Battle of Skra-di-Legen">battle of Skra-di-Legen</a>. Utilizing the cover of heavy artillery a Franco-<a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Hellenic</a> force made a rapid push into the enemy trenches, conquering Skra and the surrounding system of fortifications. Greek casualties amounted to 434–440 killed in action, 154–164 missing in action and 1,974–2,220 wounded, France lost approximately 150 men killed or injured. A total of 1,782 soldiers of the Central Powers became prisoners of war, including a small number of German engineers and artillery specialists that served in Bulgarian units; considerable amounts of military equipment also fell into Entente hands. The plan for a Bulgarian counterattack against Skra remained unfulfilled as the Bulgarian soldiers refused to take part in the operation. Both the Greek and the French press used the opportunity to extol the efforts of the Greek army, favorably influencing the Greek mobilization.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeramanis198089_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeramanis198089-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922196–198_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922196–198-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes196138–44_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes196138–44-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fall of Skra prompted Bulgarian prime minister <a href="/wiki/Vasil_Radoslavov" title="Vasil Radoslavov">Vasil Radoslavov</a> to resign on 21 June 1918. <a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Malinov" title="Aleksandar Malinov">Aleksandar Malinov</a> who assumed office immediately afterwards pursued secret negotiations with Britain, offering Bulgaria's exit from the war with the condition that Bulgaria fully retain eastern Macedonia. However, British prime minister <a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a> rejected the proposal, assuring the Greek ambassador in London Ioannis Gennadius, that Britain would not act against Greek interests.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVaidis1979258–262_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVaidis1979258–262-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late July 1918, Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">commander-in-chief</a> <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Zhekov" title="Nikola Zhekov">Nikola Zhekov</a> sent German Field Marshal <a href="/wiki/Paul_von_Hindenburg" title="Paul von Hindenburg">Paul von Hindenburg</a> a message regarding a rumored Entente offensive, and detailed Bulgaria's inability to adequately defend the Vardar portion of the front. Zhekov requested that Germany immediately reinforce the Balkan Front, hinting that Austria-Hungary would also be required to strengthen its positions in Albania. On 17 August, Hindenburg pledged to provide Bulgaria with support once the situation on other front permits it. Hindenburg's reluctance to support Bulgaria was also manifested by the early September redeployment of the last German <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4ger_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jäger (military)">Jäger</a> battalion stationed in Macedonia back into Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961111_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961111-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Bulgarians, using information from escaped prisoners of war, determined that Entente forces would engage in hostile actions west of lake <a href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Ohrid</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Bitola" title="Bitola">Monastir</a>, Dobro Pole or Human. On 27 August, the 2nd and 3rd Bulgarian Divisions stationed at Dobro Pole were ordered to make emergency preparations, as new evidence indicated a frontal assault on Dobro Pole along with a secondary attack on Human. By 7 September, Dobro Pole was reinforced by one machine gun company, six battalions and ten heavy <a href="/wiki/Howitzer" title="Howitzer">howitzers</a>, the head of <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Scholtz" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Group Scholtz">Army Group Scholtz</a> General <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_Scholtz" title="Friedrich von Scholtz">Friedrich von Scholtz</a> then stated that the defensive measures made the defense of the front feasible. Scholtz had failed to take into account the departure of Bulgarian chief of staff Nikola Zhekov and his subsequent replacement by <a href="/wiki/Georgi_Todorov_(general)" title="Georgi Todorov (general)">Georgi Todorov</a>. Widespread <a href="/wiki/Insubordination" title="Insubordination">insubordination</a> and <a href="/wiki/Desertion" title="Desertion">desertions</a> also plagued the Bulgarian troops who refused to participate in fortification works; poor rations and fatigue contributed to the low morale.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961111–112_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961111–112-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A day prior to the Entente offensive, General <a href="/wiki/Louis_Franchet_d%27Esp%C3%A8rey" title="Louis Franchet d'Espèrey">Louis Franchet d'Espèrey</a> laid out the final plan for the operation. The first phase consisted of a combined Franco-Serbian attack on the positions of the 2nd and 3rd Bulgarian Divisions, which was expected to create a breach of the front line in the area of Dobro Pole, while also posing a danger to the Bulgarian supply lines on river <a href="/wiki/Vardar" title="Vardar">Vardar</a>. The 1,875-metre (6,152 ft) Dobro Pole ("Good Field") peak dominated the region, providing excellent observation points for the defenders. Dobro Pole was surrounded by a well-developed system of trenches which, in combination with the rough terrain, made the area impassable for wheeled transport. Dobro Pole was, however, lower and less steep than the mountains on other parts of the front that averaged 2,000 metres (6,600 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes19617–8,_89,_112–113_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes19617–8,_89,_112–113-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980129_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980129-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A second Anglo-Franco-Hellenic force would then attack the Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Bulgaria)" title="First Army (Bulgaria)">1st Army</a> between the Vardar river and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Doiran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Doiran">Lake Doiran</a>, preventing it from forming new defensive positions in the area. The initial advance would allow the <i><a href="/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_d%27Orient_(1915%E2%80%9319)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armée d'Orient (1915–19)">Armée d'Orient</a></i> to progress in support of other units first to <a href="/wiki/Prilep" title="Prilep">Prilep</a>, Disma and Borran. In the meantime, an Anglo-Hellenic force would strike Mount <a href="/wiki/Belasica" title="Belasica">Belasica</a>, occupying the <a href="/wiki/Rupel_Pass" class="mw-redirect" title="Rupel Pass">Rupel Pass</a>. The Doiran sector had previously been subject to two major Entente offensives known as the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1916)" title="Battle of Doiran (1916)">First Battle of Doiran</a> (August 1916) and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1917)" title="Battle of Doiran (1917)">Second Battle of Doiran</a> (April–May 1917). Both engagements ended in decisive Bulgarian victories, forcing the Allies to limit their operations to small raids and harassing fire. Between 1916 and July 1918, Bulgarian defenses around Doiran underwent a period of considerable reorganization under the personal supervision of General <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Vazov" title="Vladimir Vazov">Vladimir Vazov</a>. The sector was divided into two 14-kilometre (8.7 mi) defensive areas, protected by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mountain_Division_(Bulgaria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mountain Division (Bulgaria) (page does not exist)">Mountain Division</a> and the 9th Infantry Division respectively. Bulgaria established combat security outposts at a distance of 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the enemy trenches, while also reinforcing the defenses of the dominant Dub and Kala Tepe mountains. Similarly to Dobro Pole the defenses consisted of a series of mutually supporting trenches, with built in observation posts, machine gun positions and artillery pieces.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980129_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980129-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961112–113_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961112–113-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200059–64,_68–72_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200059–64,_68–72-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>D'Espèrey expected to march the Allied Army of the Orient through the towns of <a href="/wiki/Demir_Hisar_(town)" title="Demir Hisar (town)">Demir Hisar</a>, Rupel, Petrici, Blagusa, Gradec, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tip" title="Štip">Štip</a> and Belessa finally seizing Skopje. Units stationed at Katsania and <a href="/wiki/Tetovo" title="Tetovo">Tetovo</a> would prevent a Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/Flanking_maneuver" title="Flanking maneuver">flanking maneuver</a>, while the main body of the force would widen the breach both in Štip and Prilep. In case of a collapse of the front between Dobro Pole and Tzena, the Bulgarian 1st Army and the German 11th Army<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> would either be annihilated or, in less favorable circumstances, perform an organised retreat to a new defensive line on river <a href="/wiki/Crna_River_(Vardar)" title="Crna River (Vardar)">Crna</a>. The prevention of such a retreat was to be achieved by a rapid, penetrating attack on <a href="/wiki/Gradsko,_North_Macedonia" title="Gradsko, North Macedonia">Gradsko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dren_(mountain)" title="Dren (mountain)">Dren Planina</a> and Visoka.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961113_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961113-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980130_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980130-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Offensive">Offensive</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Offensive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battle_of_Dobro_Pole">Battle of Dobro Pole</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Battle of Dobro Pole"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dobro_Pole" title="Battle of Dobro Pole">Battle of Dobro Pole</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nudisti%C4%8Dka_pla%C5%BEa_na_Crna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Nudisti%C4%8Dka_pla%C5%BEa_na_Crna.jpg/300px-Nudisti%C4%8Dka_pla%C5%BEa_na_Crna.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Nudisti%C4%8Dka_pla%C5%BEa_na_Crna.jpg/450px-Nudisti%C4%8Dka_pla%C5%BEa_na_Crna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Nudisti%C4%8Dka_pla%C5%BEa_na_Crna.jpg/600px-Nudisti%C4%8Dka_pla%C5%BEa_na_Crna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="928" data-file-height="581" /></a><figcaption>German soldiers bathing in the Crna river in 1918</figcaption></figure> <p>At 8 a.m. on 14 September 1918, Entente forces commenced a 566-gun artillery barrage on enemy positions. Their aircraft also bombed enemy positions and strafed a 250-truck column moving towards <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kozjak_(Prilep)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kozjak (Prilep) (page does not exist)">Kozjak</a>. On the same day, Scholtz sent Hindenburg a <a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">telegraph</a> stating that <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>... all indications point out that an enemy offensive will target the 11th Army on both sides of Vardar as well as Dobro Pole....<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961125_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961125-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The Bulgarian high command did not attempt to perform a spoiling attack as they lacked the necessary vehicles and pack animals. The barrage did not cause a significant number of casualties but severely affected the Bulgarian <i><a href="/wiki/Esprit_de_corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Esprit de corps">esprit de corps</a></i>. On the night between 14 and 15 September, Franco-Serbian patrols reported that the artillery barrage had dealt sufficient damage to the <a href="/wiki/Barbed_wire" title="Barbed wire">barbed wire</a> entanglements separating the trenches.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 5:30 a.m. on 15 September, the French 122nd and 17th (Colonial) Divisions struck Sokol, Dobro Pole, Kravitski Kamene and Kravitsa while the Serbian Shumadia Division assaulted Kamene and Veternik. The Greek <a href="/wiki/Archipelago_Division" title="Archipelago Division">Archipelago Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/3rd_Infantry_Division_(Greece)" title="3rd Infantry Division (Greece)">3rd Division</a> and <a href="/wiki/4th_Infantry_Division_(Greece)" title="4th Infantry Division (Greece)">4th Division</a> under <a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Gargalidis" title="Panagiotis Gargalidis">Panagiotis Gargalidis</a> acted as a link between the Serbian and French troops without entering combat. The offensive immediately caused a wave of mass desertion among the Bulgarian units; the remaining infantrymen and artillery squadrons were not able to hold their ground. During the course of the battle, the 122nd Division broke into two columns and suffered heavy casualties. The left column managed to reach a position located 50 metres (160 ft) from Sokol at 6:30 a.m. and take the peak at the end of the day. At 16:00 pm, the right column captured Dobro Pole after rushing a 200-metre (660 ft) segment of steep terrain. The 17th Division seized Kravitsa at 7:00 am, suppressing the last signs of resistance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115,_125,_117_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115,_125,_117-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHall2010130_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHall2010130-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two Franco-Greek Regiments attempted to storm <a href="/wiki/Voreino" title="Voreino">Zborsko</a> but were pushed back in the ensuing counterattack, as powerful pockets of resistance between the Sousnitsa and Bigrut streams facilitated its defense. Greek units then focused on Sousnitsa the fall of which created an opening in the Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/Rear_(military)" title="Rear (military)">rear</a> and put the surrounding units to flight. Using dispersed bluffs as cover, soldiers of the Shumadia Division took over Veternik, Kamene and the western part of a nearby mountain range with considerable difficulty. Elements of the same unit successfully flanked Kravitski Kamene while the 17th Division was engaging in a frontal assault. At 16:00 pm, the Serbian <a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Serbia)" title="First Army (Serbia)">1st Army</a>'s thrust on Sokol failed to produce intended results. An attack later that night did secure the peak. The two French divisions were then ordered to remain in position while the Serbian Timok and Yugoslav Divisions moved forward. By the end of the day, Bulgaria lost approximately 40–50 percent of the 12,000 soldiers involved in the battle, including 3,000 <a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war">prisoners of war</a>, 2,689 dead and 50 out of the initial 158 artillery pieces. Entente casualties amounted to 1,700 Frenchmen and 200 Serbians killed in action.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961115–116,_126,_118–119_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961115–116,_126,_118–119-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922226_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922226-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoates_Ulrichsen201495_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECoates_Ulrichsen201495-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200037_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200037-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the morning of 16 September, the Serbians overran the Kozjak mountain range and the Golo Bilo peak. They were joined by the 35th Greek Regiment which crossed the Poroi river and later marching on Topolets. At 11:00 am, Franco-Hellenic units stormed Zborsko for a second time and were met by heavy artillery and machine gun fire. The attack was rebuffed with the loss of 158 Greeks and roughly the same number of French lives and attempts to take the area were suspended. <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivojin_Mi%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Živojin Mišić">Živojin Mišić</a>'s 1st Army and the <i>Armée d'Orient</i> performed a night attack on the <a href="/wiki/Grade%C5%A1nica" title="Gradešnica">Gradešnica</a> fortified zone, suppressing the defenders. The 1st Division Group moved into a position on the Poroi river north of Brahovo in conjunction with the Timok Division. By the night of 16 September, the gap in what formerly constituted the front-line had extended to 25 kilometres (16 mi) in width and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) in depth. The Allied command ordered its air department to continue attacking all bridges on the river Vardar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961118–119,_120–122_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961118–119,_120–122-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 4.00 a.m. on 17 September, Hellenic components of the 1st Division Group raided mount Preslap, a key position housing Bulgarian artillery. The Greeks rapidly descended from Golo Bilo and then began climbing the cliffs of Preslap with their bare hands. The Preslap garrison proceeded to abandon their positions and retreat eastwards. Having lost their artillery cover forces at Zborsko followed their comrades in retreat. The Timok Division conquered Topolets and advanced towards Studena Voda and Preslap while the Morava and Yugoslav Divisions overran Koutskov Kamene. At the same time, the Drina and Danube Divisions seized Gradešnica along with the Poltsista and Besistsa peaks, then halted at Melinitsa.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961122–123_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961122–123-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922227–228_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922227–228-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 18 September, the 11th French Colonial Division and the 6th Greek Regiment occupied the villages of <a href="/wiki/Zovi%E1%B8%B1" title="Zoviḱ">Zovik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Staravina" title="Staravina">Staravina</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cebren,_North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cebren, North Macedonia (page does not exist)">Cebren</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="mk:Чебрен">mk</a>]</span>, approaching towards the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cebren_Monastery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cebren Monastery (page does not exist)">Cebren Monastery</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80" class="extiw" title="mk:Чебренски манастир">mk</a>]</span> bridge on Crna. An Entente <a href="/wiki/Airstrike" title="Airstrike">air raid</a> destroyed another bridge north of Razim Bey. Bulgarian forces failed at putting a stop to the Allied offensive, abandoning their wounded and large quantities of military equipment. By the end of the day, Allied troops had advanced 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) into enemy territory while also seizing locales of strategic importance that would later enable them to continue pushing deeper into Vardar Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961116–117_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961116–117-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battle_of_Doiran">Battle of Doiran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Battle of Doiran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1918)" title="Battle of Doiran (1918)">Battle of Doiran (1918)</a></div> <p>On 16 September, the Allies commenced a 232 gun and 24 howitzer artillery barrage on the Bulgarian positions between Vardar and Doiran. Bulgaria responded in kind, with the artillery duel continuing during the following two days. On the night of 17–18 September, Bulgarian positions were targeted by nine <a href="/wiki/Salvo" title="Salvo">salvos</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapons_in_World_War_I" title="Chemical weapons in World War I">gas shells</a>, however the attack failed to produce any considerable effect due to the preceding arrival of new gas masks and the adequate training of the defenders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200086–87_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200086–87-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 5.00 a.m. on 18 September, the <a href="/wiki/XII_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XII Corps (United Kingdom)">British XII Corps</a> executed a <a href="/wiki/Pincer_movement" title="Pincer movement">pincer maneuver</a> on the 9th Bulgarian Division, while the Greek <a href="/wiki/Serres_Division" title="Serres Division">Serres Division</a> and the <a href="/wiki/83rd_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="83rd Brigade (United Kingdom)">83rd British Brigade</a> assaulted the Bulgarian trenches to the west, taking numerous prisoners. On the north–east direction the <a href="/wiki/Crete_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Crete Division">Crete Division</a> and the <a href="/wiki/28th_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="28th Division (United Kingdom)">28th British Division</a> advanced between the lake and Belasica, after clearing out the Bulgarian outpost line. The <a href="/wiki/26th_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="26th Division (United Kingdom)">26th British Division</a> seized a number of Bulgarian security outposts but was quickly repulsed by heavy artillery fire and counter-attacks that recaptured the lost ground. It was not until 7:20 am, when the Serres Division managed to make limited gains on the flanks having suffered numerous casualties and lost momentum. In the meantime the <a href="/wiki/22nd_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="22nd Division (United Kingdom)">22nd British Division</a> overtook two central trenchlines. Supported by concentrated artillery and machine gun fire the 3rd Bulgarian Brigade pushed the Allies back, by the end of the day the sum of the Entente forces were back at their starting point, the British 67th Brigade having lost 65 percent of its soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004210–216_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004210–216-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200088–97_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200088–97-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922231–234_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922231–234-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004201_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004201-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The offensive was resumed at 4.00 a.m. on 19 September after a night of heavy shelling. The operation involved the British 77th and 65th Brigades, the French 2/2nd <a href="/wiki/Zouaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Zouaves">Zouaves</a> regiment.<sup id="cite_ref-2e_bis_RMZ_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2e_bis_RMZ-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along with the Serres and <a href="/wiki/14th_Infantry_Division_(Greece)" title="14th Infantry Division (Greece)">14th</a> Greek Divisions. Following five hours of intense fighting the Allies managed to overrun the town of <a href="/wiki/Dojran" title="Dojran">Dojran</a>, mount Kala Tepe and Teton Hill, with the Pip Ridge and mount Dub remaining in Bulgarian hands. In the aftermath of the engagement the Allied command found itself to be unable to make any further offensive operations on the Doiran sector as it no longer possessed an adequate reserve of manpower. Bulgaria lost a total of 518 dead, 998 wounded, and 1,210 captured. Greek casualties amounted to 503 killed, 2,286 injured and 615 missing, with the British suffering 3,871 dead and wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200088–97_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200088–97-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922231–234_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922231–234-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961222_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961222-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENedev1923227_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENedev1923227-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004206,_211–217_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004206,_211–217-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subsequent_operations">Subsequent operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Subsequent operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 20 September, the 17th and 122nd French Colonial Divisions along with the 1st Serbian Army crossed the river Crna. News of a breakthrough at Dobro Pole prompted the defenders of Doiran to abandon their positions and rush to the defense of their homeland, in order to prevent a future occupation by the Entente. On 21 September, the Allies became aware of the Bulgarian withdrawal after observing a series of fires and munition dump explosions on the Bulgarian positions, a pursuit by the British XII Corps was launched immediately. The Serbian advanced guard approached <a href="/wiki/Krivolak" title="Krivolak">Krivolak</a>, thus creating a wedge between the 1st Bulgarian and 11th German Armies in an effort to force the latter to retire towards <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(Bulgaria)" title="Second Army (Bulgaria)">2nd Bulgarian Army</a> headed towards the <a href="/wiki/Kosturino,_North_Macedonia" title="Kosturino, North Macedonia">Kosturino Pass</a> avoiding direct engagement with the Allies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961124–125_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961124–125-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922233–235_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922233–235-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 17:30 p.m. on 22 September, the Italian 35th Division under General <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Mombelli" title="Ernesto Mombelli">Ernesto Mombelli</a> joined the offensive, seizing Hill 1050 stronghold from the <a href="/wiki/302nd_Division_(German_Empire)" title="302nd Division (German Empire)">302nd German Division</a> and taking 150 prisoners. Fighting took place in <a href="/wiki/Kanatlarci" title="Kanatlarci">Kanatlarci</a> and along the Monastir–Prilep road, in Cepik, Kalabak and <a href="/wiki/Topol%C4%8Dani" title="Topolčani">Topolčani</a> as the Allies continued to advance towards Prilep. At 14:00 p.m. on 23 September, General Louis Franchet d'Espèrey announced that the initial plan of the operation was to be modified. The Italians were ordered to strike <a href="/wiki/Ki%C4%8Devo" title="Kičevo">Kičevo</a> with the aim of preventing the enemy forces stationed at Monastir from reaching the railroad hub in <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Uskub</a>, the <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/16e_division_d%27infanterie_coloniale" class="extiw" title="fr:16e division d'infanterie coloniale">11th Colonial French Division</a> was instead tasked with securing Prilep. Half an hour later the French entered Prilep, to the east Franco–Serbian columns marched on Štip, <a href="/wiki/Veles_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Veles (city)">Veles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makedonski_Brod" title="Makedonski Brod">Brod</a> and through the Peristeri mountain range.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922235–238_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922235–238-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 September, Bulgarian infantry supported by artillery halted the advance of the Italian cavalry between <a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1evo" title="Kruševo">Kruševo</a> and the Buchin bridge. At 17:00 pm, an Italo–Serbian assault resulted in the fall of Stepanci. On 25 September, the Sicilia Brigade captured Kruševo and the surrounding peaks after being reinforced by the 11th Colonial French Division. The <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Quadruple Alliance</a> High Command set Uskub as the rallying point for its forces in Vardar Macedonia, intending to later strengthen them with units from Germany and Austria. The 30th and <a href="/wiki/156th_Infantry_Division_(France)" title="156th Infantry Division (France)">156th</a> French Divisions occupied Prevaletz and Drvenik respectively. On 25 September, a band of Bulgarian deserters who had previously fled from Dobro Pole arrived at <a href="/wiki/Kyustendil" title="Kyustendil">Kyustendil</a>, looting the city and putting the Bulgarian High Command to flight. The mass of retreating Bulgarian mutineers then converged on the railway center of <a href="/wiki/Radomir_(town)" title="Radomir (town)">Radomir</a> in Bulgaria, just 48 kilometres (30 mi) from the capital city of Sofia. On the evening of 26 September, Italian cavalry wrestled Goloznica from a Saxon infantry unit, later entering Drenovo where it received information of a Bulgarian withdrawal from Veles. On 27 September, the leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Agrarian_National_Union" title="Bulgarian Agrarian National Union">Bulgarian Agrarian National Union</a> took control of these troops and proclaimed the establishment of the Bulgarian Republic. About <span class="nowrap">4,000–5,000</span> rebellious troops threatened Sofia the following day, in what came to be known the <a href="/wiki/Radomir_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Radomir Rebellion">Radomir Rebellion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961124–125_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961124–125-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalls1935246–253_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalls1935246–253-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–108_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–108-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200092_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200092-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004221_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004221-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Serbian Second Army having previously taken Štip, entered Veles, Kochana and Grlena. Uskub was protected by a garrison of six and a half battalions, four <a href="/wiki/Armoured_train" title="Armoured train">armored trains</a> and four artillery batteries split between a mountain range south of the city and a position north of lake Kaplan. Between 27–28 September, the 1st and 4th French Colonial Regiments made their way through Drachevo and Pagaruza, successfully bypassing any sentries located in the 20-kilometre (12 mi) gap between the two Bulgarian formations that protected Uskub. At 4:00 a.m. on 29 September, French General <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_L%C3%A9on_Jouinot-Gambetta" title="François Léon Jouinot-Gambetta">François Léon Jouinot-Gambetta</a> laid out the plan for the final stage of the offensive, the attack on Uskub. The assault was launched an hour later, French <a href="/wiki/Spahi" title="Spahi">spahi</a> utilized thick fog to advance on mount Vodna, however they were forced to regroup after facing heavy resistance. A pincer movement by the 1st Colonial Regiment created a bridgehead at river Vardar, while the 4th Colonial Regiment seized Lisici village. At 9:00 am, the spahis overtook Vodna, later shifting their attention towards the Kalkandelen road. The 1st Colonial Regiment joined the spahis, opening machine gun fire on the retreating <a href="/wiki/61st_Corps_(German_Empire)" title="61st Corps (German Empire)">61st German Corps</a> and causing numerous casualties. At 11:00 am, the French entered Uskub, detaining 220 Bulgarian and 139 German soldiers, while also seizing 5 guns and large amounts of ordnance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922238–241_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922238–241-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Francuski_Grobista_Skopje_(20).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Francuski_Grobista_Skopje_%2820%29.JPG/220px-Francuski_Grobista_Skopje_%2820%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Francuski_Grobista_Skopje_%2820%29.JPG/330px-Francuski_Grobista_Skopje_%2820%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Francuski_Grobista_Skopje_%2820%29.JPG/440px-Francuski_Grobista_Skopje_%2820%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>French military cemetery in Skopje</figcaption></figure> <p>Under those chaotic circumstances a Bulgarian delegation arrived in Thessaloniki to ask for an armistice. On 29 September, the Bulgarians were granted the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Salonica" title="Armistice of Salonica">Armistice of Salonica</a> by General d'Esperey. The Bulgarian downfall turned the strategic and operational balance of the war against the Central Powers. The Macedonian Front was brought to an end at noon on 30 September, when the ceasefire came into effect. The treaty included the full <a href="/wiki/Capitulation_(surrender)" title="Capitulation (surrender)">capitulation</a> of the 11th German Army, bringing the final tally of German and Bulgarian prisoners to 77,000 and granting the Allies 500 artillery pieces. The <a href="/wiki/Radomir_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Radomir Rebellion">Radomir Rebellion</a> was put down, by Bulgarian forces, as of 2 October, while Tsar <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Bulgaria" title="Ferdinand I of Bulgaria">Ferdinand I of Bulgaria</a> abdicated and went into exile the following day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalls1935246–253_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalls1935246–253-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939105–108_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939105–108-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoughty2005491_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoughty2005491-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New balance was best described by German Emperor <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm II, German Emperor">Wilhelm II</a> in his telegram to <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Bulgaria" title="Ferdinand I of Bulgaria">Bulgarian Tsar Ferdinand I</a>: "Disgraceful! 62,000 Serbs decided the war!".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 September 1918, the <a href="/wiki/Oberste_Heeresleitung" title="Oberste Heeresleitung">German Supreme Army Command</a> informed <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm II, German Emperor">Kaiser Wilhelm II</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Imperial Chancellor</a> <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">Count</a> <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_Hertling" title="Georg von Hertling">Georg von Hertling</a>, that the military situation facing Germany was hopeless.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAxelrod2018260_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAxelrod2018260-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The British and Greek Armies headed east towards the European side of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, while the French and Serbian forces continued north. The British Army neared Constantinople and, without a force capable of stopping the advance, the Ottoman government asked for an armistice (the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Mudros" title="Armistice of Mudros">Armistice of Mudros</a>) on 26 October. In Serbia, "Desperate Frankie" (as the British nicknamed d'Esperey) continued to advance and the Serbo-French Army <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Serbia,_Albania_and_Montenegro_(1918)" title="Liberation of Serbia, Albania and Montenegro (1918)">re-captured</a> the country, overrunning several weak German divisions that tried to block its push near <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a>. On 3 November, Austria-Hungary was forced to sign an <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Villa_Giusti" title="Armistice of Villa Giusti">armistice</a> on the Italian Front ending the war there. On 10 November, d'Esperey's army crossed the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> river and was poised to enter the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungarian</a> heartland. At the request of the French general, Count <a href="/wiki/Mih%C3%A1ly_K%C3%A1rolyi" title="Mihály Károlyi">Mihály Károlyi</a>, leading the Hungarian government, came to Belgrade and <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Belgrade" title="Armistice of Belgrade">signed another armistice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalls1935254–279_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalls1935254–279-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" 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href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The German 11th Army was composed of mostly Bulgarian divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193995_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun193995-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Serbian armies were corps sized formations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomasBabac200112–13_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomasBabac200112–13-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The 11th German Army consisted of Bulgarian soldiers commanded by German officers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193995_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun193995-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun193995-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193995_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193995_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKorsun1939">Korsun 1939</a>, p. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomasBabac200112–13-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomasBabac200112–13_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThomasBabac2001">Thomas & Babac 2001</a>, pp. 12–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961224-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961224_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, p. 224.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlbertini195336-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlbertini195336_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlbertini1953">Albertini 1953</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFischer196773-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFischer196773_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFischer1967">Fischer 1967</a>, p. 73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWillmott200311–15-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWillmott200311–15_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWillmott2003">Willmott 2003</a>, pp. 11–15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHall201048–50-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHall201048–50_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHall2010">Hall 2010</a>, pp. 48–50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalls1933152–184,_208–230,_348–362-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalls1933152–184,_208–230,_348–362_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFalls1933">Falls 1933</a>, pp. 152–184, 208–230, 348–362.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeramanis198089-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeramanis198089_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeramanis1980">Geramanis 1980</a>, p. 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922196–198-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922196–198_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillari1922">Villari 1922</a>, pp. 196–198.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes196138–44-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes196138–44_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 38–44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVaidis1979258–262-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVaidis1979258–262_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVaidis1979">Vaidis 1979</a>, pp. 258–262.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961111-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961111_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, p. 111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961111–112-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961111–112_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 111–112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes19617–8,_89,_112–113-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes19617–8,_89,_112–113_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 7–8, 89, 112–113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980129-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980129_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980129_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeramanis1980">Geramanis 1980</a>, p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961112–113-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961112–113_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 112–113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200059–64,_68–72-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200059–64,_68–72_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvanov2000">Ivanov 2000</a>, pp. 59–64, 68–72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961113-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961113_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, p. 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980130-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeramanis1980130_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeramanis1980">Geramanis 1980</a>, p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 114–115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961125-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961125_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, p. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun193998_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKorsun1939">Korsun 1939</a>, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115,_125,_117-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961114–115,_125,_117_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 114–115, 125, 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHall2010130-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHall2010130_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHall2010">Hall 2010</a>, p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961115–116,_126,_118–119-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961115–116,_126,_118–119_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 115–116, 126, 118–119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922226-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922226_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillari1922">Villari 1922</a>, p. 226.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECoates_Ulrichsen201495-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoates_Ulrichsen201495_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCoates_Ulrichsen2014">Coates Ulrichsen 2014</a>, p. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200037-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200037_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvanov2000">Ivanov 2000</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961118–119,_120–122-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961118–119,_120–122_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 118–119, 120–122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961122–123-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961122–123_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 122–123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922227–228-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922227–228_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillari1922">Villari 1922</a>, pp. 227–228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961116–117-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961116–117_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 116–117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200086–87-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200086–87_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvanov2000">Ivanov 2000</a>, pp. 86–87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004210–216-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004210–216_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWakefieldMoody2004">Wakefield & Moody 2004</a>, pp. 210–216.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200088–97-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200088–97_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200088–97_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvanov2000">Ivanov 2000</a>, pp. 88–97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922231–234-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922231–234_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922231–234_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillari1922">Villari 1922</a>, pp. 231–234.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004201-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004201_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWakefieldMoody2004">Wakefield & Moody 2004</a>, p. 201.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2e_bis_RMZ-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2e_bis_RMZ_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315171900/http://vinny03.perso.neuf.fr/gg/leshistos/2ebisrmz.htm">"Historique du 2e Régiment Bis de Marche de Zouaves"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vinny03.perso.neuf.fr/gg/leshistos/2ebisrmz.htm">the original</a> on 2016-03-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-03-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historique+du+2e+R%C3%A9giment+Bis+de+Marche+de+Zouaves&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvinny03.perso.neuf.fr%2Fgg%2Fleshistos%2F2ebisrmz.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961222-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961222_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, p. 222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENedev1923227-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENedev1923227_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNedev1923">Nedev 1923</a>, p. 227.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004206,_211–217-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004206,_211–217_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWakefieldMoody2004">Wakefield & Moody 2004</a>, pp. 206, 211–217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961124–125-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961124–125_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOmiridis_Skylitzes1961124–125_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961">Omiridis Skylitzes 1961</a>, pp. 124–125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922233–235-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922233–235_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillari1922">Villari 1922</a>, pp. 233–235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–104_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKorsun1939">Korsun 1939</a>, pp. 100–104.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922235–238-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922235–238_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillari1922">Villari 1922</a>, pp. 235–238.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalls1935246–253-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalls1935246–253_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalls1935246–253_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFalls1935">Falls 1935</a>, pp. 246–253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–108-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939100–108_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKorsun1939">Korsun 1939</a>, pp. 100–108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIvanov200092-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIvanov200092_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvanov2000">Ivanov 2000</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004221-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWakefieldMoody2004221_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWakefieldMoody2004">Wakefield & Moody 2004</a>, p. 221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillari1922238–241-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillari1922238–241_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillari1922">Villari 1922</a>, pp. 238–241.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939105–108-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorsun1939105–108_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKorsun1939">Korsun 1939</a>, pp. 105–108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoughty2005491-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoughty2005491_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDoughty2005">Doughty 2005</a>, p. 491.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170923215523/http://militaryhistorynow.com/2017/09/21/knock-out-blow-at-dobro-polje-six-facts-about-the-obscure-battle-that-ended-ww1/">"The Battle of Dobro Polje – The Forgotten Balkan Skirmish That Ended WW1"</a>. <i>Militaryhistorynow.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://militaryhistorynow.com/2017/09/21/knock-out-blow-at-dobro-polje-six-facts-about-the-obscure-battle-that-ended-ww1/">the original</a> on 2017-09-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Militaryhistorynow.com&rft.atitle=The+Battle+of+Dobro+Polje+%E2%80%93+The+Forgotten+Balkan+Skirmish+That+Ended+WW1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmilitaryhistorynow.com%2F2017%2F09%2F21%2Fknock-out-blow-at-dobro-polje-six-facts-about-the-obscure-battle-that-ended-ww1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historycollection.co/ten-facts-battle-dobro-polje-battle-led-allied-victory-world-war/9/">"The Germans Could no Longer Keep up the Fight"</a>. <i>historycollection.co</i>. 22 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=historycollection.co&rft.atitle=The+Germans+Could+no+Longer+Keep+up+the+Fight&rft.date=2017-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistorycollection.co%2Ften-facts-battle-dobro-polje-battle-led-allied-victory-world-war%2F9%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAxelrod2018260-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAxelrod2018260_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAxelrod2018">Axelrod 2018</a>, p. 260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFalls1935254–279-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFalls1935254–279_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFalls1935">Falls 1935</a>, pp. 254–279.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAxelrod2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Axelrod" title="Alan Axelrod">Axelrod, Alan</a> (2018). <i>How America Won World War I</i>. Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1493031924" title="Special:BookSources/978-1493031924"><bdi>978-1493031924</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+America+Won+World+War+I&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1493031924&rft.aulast=Axelrod&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlbertini1953" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Albertini" title="Luigi Albertini">Albertini, Luigi</a> (1953). <i>Origins of the War of 1914</i>. Vol. II. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/168712">168712</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origins+of+the+War+of+1914&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1953&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F168712&rft.aulast=Albertini&rft.aufirst=Luigi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoates_Ulrichsen2014" class="citation book cs1">Coates Ulrichsen, Kristian (2014). <i>The First World War in the Middle East</i>. London: Hurst. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1849042741" title="Special:BookSources/978-1849042741"><bdi>978-1849042741</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+World+War+in+the+Middle+East&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hurst&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1849042741&rft.aulast=Coates+Ulrichsen&rft.aufirst=Kristian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoughty2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Doughty" title="Robert A. Doughty">Doughty, R. A.</a> (2005). <i>Pyrrhic Victory: French Strategy and Operations in the Great War</i>. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-01880-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-01880-X"><bdi>0-674-01880-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pyrrhic+Victory%3A+French+Strategy+and+Operations+in+the+Great+War&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA&rft.pub=The+Belknap+Press+of+Harvard+University&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-674-01880-X&rft.aulast=Doughty&rft.aufirst=R.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFalls1933" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Falls" title="Cyril Falls">Falls, Cyril Bentham</a> (1933). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/military-operations-macedonia-vol-1/"><i>Military Operations Macedonia. From the Outbreak of War to the Spring of 1917</i></a>. History of the Great War based on Official Documents. London: <a href="/wiki/HMSO" class="mw-redirect" title="HMSO">His Majesty’s Stationery Office</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+Operations+Macedonia.+From+the+Outbreak+of+War+to+the+Spring+of+1917&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Great+War+based+on+Official+Documents&rft.pub=His+Majesty%E2%80%99s+Stationery+Office&rft.date=1933&rft.aulast=Falls&rft.aufirst=Cyril+Bentham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmilitary-operations-macedonia-vol-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFalls1935" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Falls" title="Cyril Falls">Falls, Cyril Bentham</a> (1935). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/military-operations-macedonia-vol-2/"><i>Military Operations Macedonia. From the Spring of 1917 to the End of the War</i></a>. History of the Great War based on Official Documents. London: <a href="/wiki/HMSO" class="mw-redirect" title="HMSO">His Majesty’s Stationery Office</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+Operations+Macedonia.+From+the+Spring+of+1917+to+the+End+of+the+War&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Great+War+based+on+Official+Documents&rft.pub=His+Majesty%E2%80%99s+Stationery+Office&rft.date=1935&rft.aulast=Falls&rft.aufirst=Cyril+Bentham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmilitary-operations-macedonia-vol-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer1967" class="citation book cs1">Fischer, Fritz (1967). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/germanysaimsinfi0000fisc"><i>Germany's Aims in the First World War</i></a></span>. New York: W. W. Norton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-09798-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-09798-6"><bdi>978-0-393-09798-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Germany%27s+Aims+in+the+First+World+War&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=978-0-393-09798-6&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Fritz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgermanysaimsinfi0000fisc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeramanis1980" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Geramanis, Athanasios (1980). <i>Πολεμική Ιστορία Νεωτέρας Ελλάδος: Επιχειρήσεις εν Μακεδονία κατά τον Α' παγκόσμιον πόλεμον 1915–1918</i> [<i>Military History of Modern Greece Operations in Macedonia During WWI 1915–1918</i>] (in Greek). Vol. IV. Athens: Kefallinos.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%99%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%9D%CE%B5%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82%3A+%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82+%CE%B5%CE%BD+%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CE%91%27+%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD+1915%E2%80%931918&rft.place=Athens&rft.pub=Kefallinos&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Geramanis&rft.aufirst=Athanasios&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall2010" class="citation book cs1">Hall, Richard (2010). <i>Balkan Breakthrough: The Battle of Dobro Pole 1918</i>. Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-35452-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-35452-5"><bdi>978-0-253-35452-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Balkan+Breakthrough%3A+The+Battle+of+Dobro+Pole+1918&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-253-35452-5&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIvanov2000" class="citation thesis cs1">Ivanov, Ivaylo S. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA563176.pdf"><i>The Significance of the Bulgarian Senior Military Leadership in World War I: A Comparative Study of the Bulgarian Army Operations at Dobro Pole and Doiran in 1918</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Master of Military Art and Science Thesis). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151118032822/https://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA563176">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-11-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Significance+of+the+Bulgarian+Senior+Military+Leadership+in+World+War+I%3A+A+Comparative+Study+of+the+Bulgarian+Army+Operations+at+Dobro+Pole+and+Doiran+in+1918&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Ivanov&rft.aufirst=Ivaylo+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.dtic.mil%2Fsti%2Fpdfs%2FADA563176.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKorsun1939" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Korsun, Nikolay (1939). <i>Балканский фронт мировой войны 1914–1918 гг</i> [<i>Balkan Front of the World War 1914–1918</i>] (in Russian). Moscow: Boenizdat. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7970969">7970969</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82+%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B+1914%E2%80%931918+%D0%B3%D0%B3.&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pub=Boenizdat&rft.date=1939&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7970969&rft.aulast=Korsun&rft.aufirst=Nikolay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNedev1923" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nedev, Nikola (1923). <i>Дойранската епопея 1915–1918</i> [<i>The Doiran Epopee 1915–1918</i>] (in Bulgarian). Sofia: Armeiski voenno-izdatelski fond. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-954-8247-05-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-954-8247-05-4"><bdi>978-954-8247-05-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%8F+1915%E2%80%931918&rft.place=Sofia&rft.pub=Armeiski+voenno-izdatelski+fond&rft.date=1923&rft.isbn=978-954-8247-05-4&rft.aulast=Nedev&rft.aufirst=Nikola&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOmiridis_Skylitzes1961" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Omiridis Skylitzes, Aristeidis (1961). <i>Ο Ελληνικός Στρατός κατά τον Πρώτον Παγκόσμιον Πόλεμον, Τόμος Δεύτερος, Η Συμμετοχή της Ελλάδος εις τον Πόλεμον 1918</i> [<i>Hellenic Army During the First World War 1914–1918: Hellenic Participation in the War 1918</i>] (in Greek). Vol. II. Athens: Hellenic Army History Department.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%9F+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82+%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC+%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%2C+%CE%A4%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%94%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82%2C+%CE%97+%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD+1918&rft.place=Athens&rft.pub=Hellenic+Army+History+Department&rft.date=1961&rft.aulast=Omiridis+Skylitzes&rft.aufirst=Aristeidis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomasBabac2001" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Nigel; Babac, Dusan (2001). <i>Armies in the Balkans 1914-18</i>. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-194-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-194-X"><bdi>1-84176-194-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armies+in+the+Balkans+1914-18&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-84176-194-X&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft.au=Babac%2C+Dusan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaidis1979" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vaidis, Theodoros (1979). <i>Η Βιβλος του Ελευθεριου Βενιζελου:Ιστορια της Νεωτερας Ελλαδος, 1917–1922</i> [<i>The Bible of Eleftherios Venizelos: History of Modern Greece, 1917–1922</i>] (in Greek). Vol. IV. Athens: Smyrniotakis.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%97+%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%92%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B6%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85%3A%CE%99%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%9D%CE%B5%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82%2C+1917%E2%80%931922&rft.place=Athens&rft.pub=Smyrniotakis&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=Vaidis&rft.aufirst=Theodoros&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVillari1922" class="citation book cs1">Villari, Luigi (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/macedoniancampai00vill"><i>The Macedonian Campaign</i></a>. London: T. Fisher Unwin. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6388448">6388448</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-09-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Macedonian+Campaign&rft.place=London&rft.pub=T.+Fisher+Unwin&rft.date=1922&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6388448&rft.aulast=Villari&rft.aufirst=Luigi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmacedoniancampai00vill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWakefieldMoody2004" class="citation book cs1">Wakefield, Alan; Moody, Simon (2004). <i>Under the Devil's Eye: Britain's Forgotten Army at Salonika 1915–1918</i>. London: The History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0750935371" title="Special:BookSources/978-0750935371"><bdi>978-0750935371</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Under+the+Devil%27s+Eye%3A+Britain%27s+Forgotten+Army+at+Salonika+1915%E2%80%931918&rft.place=London&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0750935371&rft.aulast=Wakefield&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.au=Moody%2C+Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWillmott2003" class="citation book cs1">Willmott, H.P. (2003). <i>World War I</i>. New York: Dorling Kindersley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7894-9627-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7894-9627-5"><bdi>0-7894-9627-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52541937">52541937</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+War+I&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Dorling+Kindersley&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52541937&rft.isbn=0-7894-9627-5&rft.aulast=Willmott&rft.aufirst=H.P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVardar+offensive" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bulgaria_during_World_War_I" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bulgaria_in_World_War_I" title="Template:Bulgaria in World War I"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bulgaria_in_World_War_I" title="Template talk:Bulgaria in World War I"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bulgaria_in_World_War_I" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bulgaria in World War I"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bulgaria_during_World_War_I" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_I" title="Bulgaria during World War I">Bulgaria during World War I</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 25%; background-color: #03C03C">Prelude </th> <th style="width: 25%; background-color: #03C03C">South-western front<br /><a href="/wiki/Serbian_campaign" title="Serbian campaign">Serbian campaign</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">Macedonian front</a> </th> <th style="width: 25%; background-color: #03C03C"><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_I" title="Romania in World War I">Romanian front</a> • Outcome • Others </th> <th style="width: 25%; background-color: #03C03C">Important persons </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"> <td> <div style="background:#FFF8E7; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a></b></div> <p><i><b>1912–1913</b></i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a></li></ul> <p><i><b>1913</b></i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1913)" title="Treaty of London (1913)">Treaty of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1913)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1913)">Treaty of Bucharest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Constantinople_(1913)" title="Treaty of Constantinople (1913)">Treaty of Constantinople</a></li></ul> <div style="background:#FFF8E7; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b>Neutrality</b></div> <p><i><b>1914</b></i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Bulgarian_alliance" title="Ottoman–Bulgarian alliance">Ottoman–Bulgarian alliance</a></li></ul> <p><i><b>1915</b></i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negotiations_of_Bulgaria_with_the_Central_Powers_and_the_Entente" title="Negotiations of Bulgaria with the Central Powers and the Entente">Negotiations of Bulgaria with the Central Powers and the Entente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Germany_treaty_(1915)" title="Bulgaria–Germany treaty (1915)">Bulgarian–German treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secret_Bulgarian%E2%80%93German_agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secret Bulgarian–German agreement (page does not exist)">Secret Bulgarian–German agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_convention_between_Germany,_Austria-Hungary_and_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military convention between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria (page does not exist)">Military convention between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian%E2%80%93Ottoman_convention_(1915)" title="Bulgarian–Ottoman convention (1915)">Bulgarian–Ottoman convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobilization_of_the_Bulgarian_Army_in_1915" title="Mobilization of the Bulgarian Army in 1915">Mobilization</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macedonian-Adrianopolitan-Volunteer-Corps-Certificate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Macedonian-Adrianopolitan-Volunteer-Corps-Certificate.jpg/250px-Macedonian-Adrianopolitan-Volunteer-Corps-Certificate.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Macedonian-Adrianopolitan-Volunteer-Corps-Certificate.jpg/375px-Macedonian-Adrianopolitan-Volunteer-Corps-Certificate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Macedonian-Adrianopolitan-Volunteer-Corps-Certificate.jpg/500px-Macedonian-Adrianopolitan-Volunteer-Corps-Certificate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1361" data-file-height="1062" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> <div style="background:#50C878; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b>Commanders</b></div> <p><b><span data-sort-value="Bulgaria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)">Bulgaria</a></span></b> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Zhekov" title="Nikola Zhekov">Nikola Zhekov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kliment_Boyadzhiev" title="Kliment Boyadzhiev">Kliment Boyadzhiev</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dimitar_Geshov" title="Dimitar Geshov">Dimitar Geshov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georgi_Todorov_(general)" title="Georgi Todorov (general)">Georgi Todorov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Lukov" title="Ivan Lukov">Ivan Lukov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nerezov" title="Stefan Nerezov">Stefan Nerezov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Vazov" title="Vladimir Vazov">Vladimir Vazov</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Entente</a></b>: </p><p><b><span data-sort-value="Serbia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a></span></b>: <a href="/wiki/Radomir_Putnik" title="Radomir Putnik">Radomir Putnik</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivojin_Mi%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Živojin Mišić">Živojin Mišić</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stepa_Stepanovi%C4%87" title="Stepa Stepanović">Stepa Stepanović</a> • <a href="/wiki/Petar_Bojovi%C4%87" title="Petar Bojović">Petar Bojović</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pavle_Juri%C5%A1i%C4%87_%C5%A0turm" title="Pavle Jurišić Šturm">Pavle Jurišić Šturm</a>; <br /><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>France</b>: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Sarrail" title="Maurice Sarrail">Maurice Sarrail</a> • <a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Guillaumat" title="Adolphe Guillaumat">Adolphe Guillaumat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Louis_Franchet_d%27Esp%C3%A8rey" title="Louis Franchet d'Espèrey">Louis Franchet d'Espèrey</a>; <br /><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>United Kingdom</b>: <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Mahon" title="Bryan Mahon">Bryan Mahon</a> • <a href="/wiki/George_Milne,_1st_Baron_Milne" title="George Milne, 1st Baron Milne">George Milne</a>; <br /><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Kingdom of Greece</b>: <a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Danglis" title="Panagiotis Danglis">Panagiotis Danglis</a> </p> <div style="background:#50C878; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b>Field Armies</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span>+<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire"><img alt="German Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/11th_Army_(German_Empire)" title="11th Army (German Empire)">Eleventh Army</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Bulgaria)" title="First Army (Bulgaria)">First Army</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(Bulgaria)" title="Second Army (Bulgaria)">Second Army</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Army_(Bulgaria)" title="Fourth Army (Bulgaria)">Fourth Army</a></li></ul> <div style="background:#ACE1AF; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b>Battles</b></div> <p><i><b>1915</b></i> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Morava_Offensive" title="Morava Offensive">Morava Offensive</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8De_Pole_Offensive" title="Ovče Pole Offensive">Ovče Pole Offensive</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_offensive_(1915)" title="Kosovo offensive (1915)">Kosovo offensive (1915) </a> • <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krivolak" title="Battle of Krivolak">Battle of Krivolak</a> </p><p><i><b>1916</b></i> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1916)" title="Battle of Doiran (1916)">First battle of Doiran</a> • <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Florina" title="Battle of Florina">Battle of Florina (Lerin)</a> • <a href="/wiki/Struma_operation" title="Struma operation">Struma operation</a> • <a href="/wiki/Monastir_offensive" title="Monastir offensive">Monastir offensive</a> </p><p><i><b>1917</b></i> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1917)" title="Battle of Doiran (1917)">Second battle of Doiran</a> • <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Crna_Bend_(1917)" title="Battle of the Crna Bend (1917)">2nd Crna Bend</a> • <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monastir_(1917)" title="Battle of Monastir (1917)">Second battle of Monastir</a> </p><p><i><b>1918</b></i> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Skra-di-Legen" title="Battle of Skra-di-Legen">Battle of Skra-di-Legen</a> • <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dobro_Pole" title="Battle of Dobro Pole">Battle of Dobro Pole</a> • <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1918)" title="Battle of Doiran (1918)">Third battle of Doiran</a> </p> </td> <td> <div style="background:#FF4040; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b>Commanders</b></div> <p><b><span data-sort-value="Bulgaria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)">Bulgaria</a></span></b> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Zhekov" title="Nikola Zhekov">Nikola Zhekov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Panteley_Kiselov" title="Panteley Kiselov">Panteley Kiselov</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Toshev" title="Stefan Toshev">Stefan Toshev</a> • <a href="/wiki/Todor_Kantardzhiev" title="Todor Kantardzhiev">Todor Kantardzhiev</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kolev_(general)" title="Ivan Kolev (general)">Ivan Kolev</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Entente</a></b>: </p><p><b><span data-sort-value="Romania"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania</a></span></b>: <a href="/wiki/Constantin_Prezan" title="Constantin Prezan">Constantin Prezan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Averescu" title="Alexandru Averescu">Alexandru Averescu</a>; <br /><b><span data-sort-value="Russia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></span></b>: <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Zayonchkovski" title="Andrei Zayonchkovski">Andrei Zayonchkovski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Viktorovich_Sakharov" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladimir Viktorovich Sakharov">Vladimir Sakharov</a> </p> <div style="background:#50C878; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b>Field Armies</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908%E2%80%931946)" title="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)"><img alt="Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Third_Army_(Bulgaria)" title="Third Army (Bulgaria)">Third Army</a></li></ul> <div style="background:#ACE1AF; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b>Battles</b></div> <p><i><b>1916</b></i> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Turtucaia" title="Battle of Turtucaia">Battle of Turtucaia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bazargic" title="Battle of Bazargic">Battle of Bazargic</a> • <a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Cobadin" title="First Battle of Cobadin">First Cobadin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fl%C4%83m%C3%A2nda_Offensive" title="Flămânda Offensive">Flămânda Offensive</a> • <a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Cobadin" title="Second Battle of Cobadin">Second Cobadin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bucharest" title="Battle of Bucharest">Battle of Bucharest</a> </p> <div style="background:#FFF8E7; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b>Outcome</b></div> <p><i><b>1918</b></i> <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk" title="Treaty of Brest-Litovsk">Treaty of Brest-Litovsk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Foc%C8%99ani" title="Armistice of Focșani">Armistice of Focșani</a> • <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1918)">Treaty of Bucharest</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protocol_of_Berlin_(1918)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protocol of Berlin (1918) (page does not exist)">Protocol of Berlin</a> </p><p><i><b>Outcome</b></i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Salonica" title="Armistice of Salonica">Armistice of Salonica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladaya_revolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladaya revolt (page does not exist)">Vladaya revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Neuilly-sur-Seine" title="Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine">Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine</a></li></ul> <p><i><b>Others</b></i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_administration_in_Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian administration in Kosovo (page does not exist)">Bulgarian administration in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-military_propaganda_(World_War_I)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anti-military propaganda (World War I) (page does not exist)">Anti-military propaganda</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulgarien-mit-uns.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Bulgarien-mit-uns.jpg/160px-Bulgarien-mit-uns.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Bulgarien-mit-uns.jpg/240px-Bulgarien-mit-uns.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Bulgarien-mit-uns.jpg/320px-Bulgarien-mit-uns.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Bulgaria" title="Ferdinand I of Bulgaria">Ferdinand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasil_Radoslavov" title="Vasil Radoslavov">Vasil Radoslavov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Malinov" title="Aleksandar Malinov">Aleksandar Malinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Stamboliyski" title="Aleksandar Stamboliyski">Aleksandar Stamboliyski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Protogerov" title="Aleksandar Protogerov">Aleksandar Protogerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_von_Mackensen" title="August von Mackensen">August von Mackensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Drangov" title="Boris Drangov">Boris Drangov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Vazov" title="Vladimir Vazov">Vladimir Vazov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Todorov_(general)" title="Georgi Todorov (general)">Georgi Todorov (general)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kolev_(general)" title="Ivan Kolev (general)">Ivan Kolev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kliment_Boyadzhiev" title="Kliment Boyadzhiev">Kliment Boyadzhiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitar_Geshov" title="Dimitar Geshov">Dimitar Geshov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Lukov" title="Ivan Lukov">Ivan Lukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Zhostov" title="Konstantin Zhostov">Konstantin Zhostov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krastyu_Zlatarev" title="Krastyu Zlatarev">Krastyu Zlatarev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Zhekov" title="Nikola Zhekov">Nikola Zhekov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panteley_Kiselov" title="Panteley Kiselov">Panteley Kiselov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Toshev" title="Stefan Toshev">Stefan Toshev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nerezov" title="Stefan Nerezov">Stefan Nerezov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todor_Kantardzhiev" title="Todor Kantardzhiev">Todor Kantardzhiev</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_War_I" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_War_I" title="Template:World War I"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_War_I" title="Template talk:World War I"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_War_I" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World War I"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_War_I" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_World_War_I" title="Outline of World War I">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_engagements_of_World_War_I" title="List of military engagements of World War I">Military engagements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_World_War_I" title="Aftermath of World War I">Aftermath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_World_War_I" title="Economic history of World War I">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_geography_in_World_War_I" title="Role of geography in World War I">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_World_War_I" title="Historiography of World War I">Historiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_front_during_World_War_I" title="Home front during World War I">Home fronts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_memorials" title="World War I memorials">Memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_World_War_I" title="Opposition to World War I">Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_in_popular_culture" title="World War I in popular culture">Popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_World_War_I" title="Propaganda in World War I">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_I_puppet_states" title="List of World War I puppet states">Puppet states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_during_World_War_I" title="Technology during World War I">Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Theatres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/European_theatre_of_World_War_I" title="European theatre of World War I">European</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans_theatre" title="Balkans theatre">Balkans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_campaign" title="Serbian campaign">Serbia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Eastern Front (World War I)">Eastern Front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_I" title="Romania in World War I">Romania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_front_(World_War_I)" title="Italian front (World War I)">Italian Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_theatre_of_World_War_I" title="Middle Eastern theatre of World War I">Middle Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_campaign" title="Gallipoli campaign">Gallipoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_and_Palestine_campaign" title="Sinai and Palestine campaign">Sinai and Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_campaign" title="Caucasus campaign">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_campaign_(World_War_I)" title="Persian campaign (World War I)">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamian_campaign" title="Mesopotamian campaign">Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Revolt" title="Arab Revolt">Hejaz & Levant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/African_theatre_of_World_War_I" title="African theatre of World War I">African</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_West_Africa_campaign" title="South West Africa campaign">South West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_African_campaign_(World_War_I)" title="East African campaign (World War I)">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamerun_campaign" title="Kamerun campaign">Kamerun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togoland_campaign" title="Togoland campaign">Togoland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_operations_in_North_Africa_during_World_War_I" title="Military operations in North Africa during World War I">North</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Asian_and_Pacific_theatre_of_World_War_I" title="Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I">Asian and Pacific</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tsingtao" title="Siege of Tsingtao">Tsingtao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_German_Samoa" title="Occupation of German Samoa">German Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_occupation_of_German_New_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian occupation of German New Guinea">German New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare_of_World_War_I" title="Naval warfare of World War I">Naval warfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U-boat_campaign" title="U-boat campaign">U-boat campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_U-boat_campaign_of_World_War_I" title="Atlantic U-boat campaign of World War I">North Atlantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare_in_the_Mediterranean_during_World_War_I" title="Naval warfare in the Mediterranean during World War I">Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Principal<br />participants</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Entente Powers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_leaders_of_World_War_I" title="Allied leaders of World War I">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium_in_World_War_I" title="Belgium in World War I">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil_during_World_War_I" title="Brazil during World War I">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_during_World_War_I" title="China during World War I">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Army_in_World_War_I" title="French Army in World War I">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French Empire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece_during_World_War_I" title="Greece during World War I">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hejaz" title="Kingdom of Hejaz">Hejaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_I" title="Military history of Italy during World War I">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_during_World_War_I" title="Japan during World War I">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Montenegro#World_War_I" title="History of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal_during_World_War_I" title="Portugal during World War I">Portuguese Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_I" title="Romania in World War I">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_First_World_War" title="Russia in the First World War">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russia_(1894%E2%80%931917)#Russia_at_war,_1914–1916" title="History of Russia (1894–1917)">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Republic" title="Russian Republic">Russian Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Serbia#Serbia_in_World_War_I_(1914–1918)" title="History of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siam_in_World_War_I" title="Siam in World War I">Siam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Kingdom_during_the_First_World_War" title="History of the United Kingdom during the First World War">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_World_War_I" title="United States in World War I">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_of_World_War_I" title="Leaders of the Central Powers of World War I">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Austria-Hungary_during_World_War_I" title="History of Austria-Hungary during World War I">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire_in_World_War_I" title="Ottoman Empire in World War I">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_I" title="Bulgaria during World War I">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senussi_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Senussi Campaign">Senussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritz_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritz Rebellion">South African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Darfur" title="Invasion of Darfur">Darfur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_I" title="Timeline of World War I">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Pre-War conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a> (1870–71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa" title="Scramble for Africa">Scramble for Africa</a> (1880–1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Moroccan_Crisis" title="First Moroccan Crisis">Tangier Crisis</a> (1905–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Crisis" title="Bosnian Crisis">Bosnian Crisis</a> (1908–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agadir_Crisis" title="Agadir Crisis">Agadir Crisis</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Turkish_War" title="Italo-Turkish War">Italo-Turkish War</a> (1911–12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a> (1912–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</a> (1913)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Causes_of_World_War_I" title="Causes of World War I">Origins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_causes_of_World_War_I" title="Historiography of the causes of World War I">Historiography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand" title="Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand">Sarajevo assassination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Serb_riots_in_Sarajevo" title="Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo">Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_Crisis" title="July Crisis">July Crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">1914</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Belgium_(1914)" title="German invasion of Belgium (1914)">German invasion of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Frontiers" title="Battle of the Frontiers">Battle of the Frontiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cer" title="Battle of Cer">Battle of Cer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Galicia" title="Battle of Galicia">Battle of Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_East_Prussia_(1914)" title="Russian invasion of East Prussia (1914)">Russian invasion of East Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tannenberg" title="Battle of Tannenberg">Battle of Tannenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tsingtao" title="Siege of Tsingtao">Siege of Tsingtao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Masurian_Lakes" title="First Battle of the Masurian Lakes">First Battle of the Masurian Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grand_Couronn%C3%A9" title="Battle of Grand Couronné">Battle of Grand Couronné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Marne" title="First Battle of the Marne">First Battle of the Marne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Przemy%C5%9Bl" title="Siege of Przemyśl">Siege of Przemyśl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_to_the_Sea" title="Race to the Sea">Race to the Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Ypres" title="First Battle of Ypres">First Battle of Ypres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_raid" title="Black Sea raid">Black Sea raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kolubara" title="Battle of Kolubara">Battle of Kolubara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarikamish" title="Battle of Sarikamish">Battle of Sarikamish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_truce" title="Christmas truce">Christmas truce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">1915</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Masurian_Lakes" title="Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes">Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%81om%C5%BCa" title="Battle of Łomża">Battle of Łomża</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Ypres" title="Second Battle of Ypres">Second Battle of Ypres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_RMS_Lusitania" title="Sinking of the RMS Lusitania">Sinking of the RMS <i>Lusitania</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_campaign" title="Gallipoli campaign">Battle of Gallipoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Artois" title="Second Battle of Artois">Second Battle of Artois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_the_Isonzo" title="Battles of the Isonzo">Battles of the Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorlice%E2%80%93Tarn%C3%B3w_offensive" title="Gorlice–Tarnów offensive">Gorlice–Tarnów offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Retreat_(Russia)" title="Great Retreat (Russia)">Great Retreat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bug%E2%80%93Narew_Offensive" title="Bug–Narew Offensive">Bug-Narew Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novogeorgievsk" title="Siege of Novogeorgievsk">Siege of Novogeorgievsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistula%E2%80%93Bug_offensive" title="Vistula–Bug offensive">Vistula–Bug offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Champagne" title="Second Battle of Champagne">Second Battle of Champagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_offensive_(1915)" title="Kosovo offensive (1915)">Kosovo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kut" title="Siege of Kut">Siege of Kut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Loos" title="Battle of Loos">Battle of Loos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Robat_Karim" title="Battle of Robat Karim">Battle of Robat Karim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">1916</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erzurum_offensive" title="Erzurum offensive">Erzurum offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Verdun" title="Battle of Verdun">Battle of Verdun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Naroch_offensive" title="Lake Naroch offensive">Lake Naroch offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Asiago" title="Battle of Asiago">Battle of Asiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jutland" title="Battle of Jutland">Battle of Jutland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Somme" title="Battle of the Somme">Battle of the Somme</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_day_on_the_Somme" title="First day on the Somme">first day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brusilov_offensive" title="Brusilov offensive">Brusilov offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baranovichi_offensive" title="Baranovichi offensive">Baranovichi offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Romani" title="Battle of Romani">Battle of Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastir_offensive" title="Monastir offensive">Monastir offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Transylvania" title="Battle of Transylvania">Battle of Transylvania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_I_(1917%E2%80%931918)" title="Timeline of World War I (1917–1918)">1917</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Baghdad_(1917)" title="Fall of Baghdad (1917)">Capture of Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_Revolution" title="February Revolution">February Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimmermann_telegram" title="Zimmermann telegram">Zimmermann telegram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arras_(1917)" title="Battle of Arras (1917)">Second battle of Arras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_battle_of_the_Aisne" class="mw-redirect" title="Second battle of the Aisne">Second battle of the Aisne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerensky_offensive" title="Kerensky offensive">Kerensky offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C4%83r%C4%83%C8%99ti" title="Battle of Mărăști">Battle of Mărăști</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Passchendaele" title="Battle of Passchendaele">Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C4%83r%C4%83%C8%99e%C8%99ti" title="Battle of Mărășești">Battle of Mărășești</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Oituz" title="Third Battle of Oituz">Third Battle of Oituz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto" title="Battle of Caporetto">Battle of Caporetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Palestine_offensive" title="Southern Palestine offensive">Southern Palestine offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Malmaison" title="Battle of La Malmaison">Battle of La Malmaison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1917)" title="Battle of Cambrai (1917)">Battle of Cambrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Foc%C8%99ani" title="Armistice of Focșani">Armistice of Focșani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_between_Russia_and_the_Central_Powers" title="Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers">Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_I_(1917%E2%80%931918)" title="Timeline of World War I (1917–1918)">1918</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Faustschlag" title="Operation Faustschlag">Operation Faustschlag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk" title="Treaty of Brest-Litovsk">Treaty of Brest-Litovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_spring_offensive" title="German spring offensive">German spring offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeebrugge_Raid" title="Zeebrugge Raid">Zeebrugge Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1918)">Treaty of Bucharest of 1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Goychay" title="Battle of Goychay">Battle of Goychay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Piave_River" title="Second Battle of the Piave River">Second Battle of the Piave River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Marne" title="Second Battle of the Marne">Second Battle of the Marne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days_Offensive" title="Hundred Days Offensive">Hundred Days Offensive</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vardar offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Megiddo_(1918)" title="Battle of Megiddo (1918)">Battle of Megiddo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Transjordan_attack" title="Third Transjordan attack">Third Transjordan attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meuse%E2%80%93Argonne_offensive" title="Meuse–Argonne offensive">Meuse–Argonne offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Battle of Vittorio Veneto">Battle of Vittorio Veneto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Salonica" title="Armistice of Salonica">Armistice of Salonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Mudros" title="Armistice of Mudros">Armistice of Mudros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Villa_Giusti" title="Armistice of Villa Giusti">Armistice of Villa Giusti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Romanian_campaign_of_World_War_I" title="Second Romanian campaign of World War I">Second Romanian campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918" title="Armistice of 11 November 1918">Armistice with Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollettino_della_Vittoria_Navale" title="Bollettino della Vittoria Navale">Naval Victory Bulletin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Belgrade" title="Armistice of Belgrade">Armistice of Belgrade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Co-belligerent conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland_campaign" title="Somaliland campaign">Somaliland campaign</a> (1900–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Revolution" title="Mexican Revolution">Mexican Revolution</a> (1910–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritz_rebellion" title="Maritz rebellion">Maritz rebellion</a> (1914–15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_rebellion" title="Muscat rebellion">Muscat rebellion</a> (1913–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaian_War" title="Zaian War">Zaian War</a> (1914–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_rebellions_during_World_War_I" title="Kurdish rebellions during World War I">Kurdish rebellions</a> (1914–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovambo_Uprising" title="Ovambo Uprising">Ovambo Uprising</a> (1914–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelantan_rebellion" title="Kelantan rebellion">Kelantan rebellion</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senussi_campaign" title="Senussi campaign">Senussi campaign</a> (1915–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volta-Bani_War" title="Volta-Bani War">Volta-Bani War</a> (1915–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Protection_War" title="National Protection War">National Protection War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Revolt" title="Arab Revolt">Arab Revolt</a> (1916–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_revolt_of_1916" title="Central Asian revolt of 1916">Central Asian Revolt</a> (1916–17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Darfur" title="Invasion of Darfur">Invasion of Darfur</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Rising" title="Easter Rising">Easter Rising</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaocen_revolt" title="Kaocen revolt">Kaocen revolt</a> (1916–17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War" title="Finnish Civil War">Finnish Civil War</a> (1918)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Post-War conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a> (1917–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian%E2%80%93Soviet_War" title="Ukrainian–Soviet War">Ukrainian–Soviet War</a> (1917–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian%E2%80%93Azerbaijani_war_(1918%E2%80%931920)" title="Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)">Armenian–Azerbaijani War</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armeno-Georgian_War" title="Armeno-Georgian War">Armeno-Georgian War</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919" class="mw-redirect" title="German Revolution of 1918–1919">German Revolution</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_and_interventions_in_Hungary_(1918%E2%80%931920)" title="Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)">Revolutions and interventions in Hungary</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian%E2%80%93Romanian_War" title="Hungarian–Romanian War">Hungarian–Romanian War</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Poland_uprising_(1918%E2%80%931919)" title="Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)">Greater Poland Uprising</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_War_of_Independence" title="Estonian War of Independence">Estonian War of Independence</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_War_of_Independence" title="Latvian War of Independence">Latvian War of Independence</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Wars_of_Independence" title="Lithuanian Wars of Independence">Lithuanian Wars of Independence</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Ukrainian_War" title="Polish–Ukrainian War">Polish–Ukrainian War</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Afghan_War" title="Third Anglo-Afghan War">Third Anglo-Afghan War</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Egyptian_revolution" title="1919 Egyptian revolution">Egyptian Revolution</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_War" title="Polish–Lithuanian War">Polish–Lithuanian War</a> (1919–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Soviet_War" title="Polish–Soviet War">Polish–Soviet War</a> (1919–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence" title="Irish War of Independence">Irish War of Independence</a> (1919–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="Turkish War of Independence">Turkish War of Independence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_during_the_Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="United Kingdom during the Turkish War of Independence">Anglo-Turkish War</a> (1918–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Turkish_War" title="Franco-Turkish War">Franco-Turkish War</a> (1918–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)">Greco-Turkish War</a> (1919–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish%E2%80%93Armenian_War" title="Turkish–Armenian War">Turkish–Armenian War</a> (1920)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Revolt" title="Iraqi Revolt">Iraqi Revolt</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlora_War" title="Vlora War">Vlora War</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Syrian_War" title="Franco-Syrian War">Franco-Syrian War</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Army_invasion_of_Georgia" title="Red Army invasion of Georgia">Soviet–Georgian War</a> (1921)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Warfare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_World_War_I" title="Aviation in World War I">Aviation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombing_during_World_War_I" title="Strategic bombing during World War I">Strategic bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapons_in_World_War_I" title="Chemical weapons in World War I">Chemical weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_cryptography" title="World War I cryptography">Cryptography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horses_in_World_War_I" title="Horses in World War I">Horses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistics_in_World_War_I" title="Logistics in World War I">Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare_of_World_War_I" title="Naval warfare of World War I">Naval warfare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convoys_in_World_War_I" title="Convoys in World War I">Convoy system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">Trench warfare</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Conscription" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Conscription</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_conscription_in_Australia" title="World War I conscription in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_Crisis_of_1917" title="Conscription Crisis of 1917">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seferberlik" title="Seferberlik">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recruitment_to_the_British_Army_during_World_War_I" title="Recruitment to the British Army during World War I">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_Crisis_of_1918" title="Conscription Crisis of 1918">Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selective_Service_Act_of_1917" title="Selective Service Act of 1917">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_casualties" title="World War I casualties">Casualties</a> /<br />Civilian impact</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>British casualties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_parliamentarians_who_died_in_the_First_World_War" title="List of British parliamentarians who died in the First World War">Parliamentarians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_casualties_of_World_War_I" title="Ottoman casualties of World War I">Ottoman casualties</a></li> <li>Sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_rugby_union_players_killed_in_World_War_I" title="List of international rugby union players killed in World War I">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympians_killed_in_World_War_I" title="List of Olympians killed in World War I">Olympians</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Disease</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1899%E2%80%931923_cholera_pandemic" title="1899–1923 cholera pandemic">1899–1923 cholera pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_typhus_and_relapsing_fever_epidemic_in_Serbia" title="1915 typhus and relapsing fever epidemic in Serbia">1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_flu" title="Spanish flu">Spanish flu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Occupations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_occupation_of_Serbia" title="Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia">Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia</a></li> <li>Bulgarian occupations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_occupation_of_Albania" title="Bulgarian occupation of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_occupation_of_Serbia_(World_War_I)" title="Bulgarian occupation of Serbia (World War I)">Serbia</a></li></ul></li> <li>German occupations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Belgium_during_World_War_I" title="German occupation of Belgium during World War I">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Luxembourg_during_World_War_I" title="German occupation of Luxembourg during World War I">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_north-east_France_during_World_War_I" title="German occupation of north-east France during World War I">Northeast France</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ober_Ost" title="Ober Ost">Ober Ost</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupied_Enemy_Territory_Administration" title="Occupied Enemy Territory Administration">Occupied Enemy Territory Administration</a></li> <li>Russian occupations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Eastern_Galicia_(1914%E2%80%931915)" title="Russian occupation of Eastern Galicia (1914–1915)">Eastern Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Western_Armenia" title="Occupation of Western Armenia">Western Armenia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war_in_World_War_I" title="Prisoners of war in World War I">POWs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Germans <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_prisoners_of_war_in_the_United_States" title="German prisoners of war in the United States">in the United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_prisoners_of_war_in_World_War_I" title="Italian prisoners of war in World War I">Italians</a></li> <li>POW locations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_I_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_Canada" title="List of World War I prisoner-of-war camps in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_prisoners_of_war_in_Germany" title="World War I prisoners of war in Germany">Germany</a> / <a href="/wiki/German_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_World_War_I" title="German prisoner-of-war camps in World War I">camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war_camps_in_Switzerland_during_World_War_I" title="Prisoner of war camps in Switzerland during World War I">Switzerland</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_World_War_I" title="Refugees of World War I">Refugees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Belgian refugees <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_refugees_in_the_Netherlands_during_the_First_World_War" title="Belgian refugees in the Netherlands during the First World War">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_refugees_in_Britain_during_the_First_World_War" title="Belgian refugees in Britain during the First World War">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_World_War_I" title="War crimes in World War I">War crimes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Allied blockades <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_the_Eastern_Mediterranean" title="Blockade of the Eastern Mediterranean">Eastern Mediterranean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_of_Mount_Lebanon" title="Great Famine of Mount Lebanon">Mount Lebanon famine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Germany_(1914%E2%80%931919)" title="Blockade of Germany (1914–1919)">Germany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportations_from_East_Prussia_during_World_War_I" title="Deportations from East Prussia during World War I">Deportations from East Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_Kalisz" title="Destruction of Kalisz">Destruction of Kalisz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Dinant" title="Sack of Dinant">Sack of Dinant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_Ottoman_genocides" title="Late Ottoman genocides">Late Ottoman genocides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayfo" title="Sayfo">Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_genocide" title="Greek genocide">Pontic Greek genocide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_of_Belgium" title="Rape of Belgium">Rape of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_revolt_of_1916" title="Central Asian revolt of 1916">Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Albanians_in_World_War_I" title="Massacres of Albanians in World War I">Massacres of Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Canadian_internment" title="Ukrainian Canadian internment">Ukrainian Canadian internment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_history_of_World_War_I" title="Diplomatic history of World War I">Diplomacy</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Entry into the war</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Austro-Hungarian entry into World War I">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_entry_into_World_War_I" title="French entry into World War I">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_entry_into_World_War_I" title="German entry into World War I">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Italian entry into World War I">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Japanese entry into World War I">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Ottoman entry into World War I">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Russian entry into World War I">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_entry_into_World_War_I" title="British entry into World War I">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_entry_into_World_War_I" title="American entry into World War I">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Declarations_of_war_during_World_War_I" title="Declarations of war during World War I">Declarations of war</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/To_my_peoples" title="To my peoples">Austria-Hungary against Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_declaration_of_war_upon_Germany_(1914)" title="United Kingdom declaration of war upon Germany (1914)">UK against Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire_in_World_War_I#Declaration_of_jihad" title="Ottoman Empire in World War I">Ottomans against the Triple Entente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_declaration_of_war_on_Germany_(1917)" title="United States declaration of war on Germany (1917)">USA against Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_declaration_of_war_on_Austria-Hungary" title="United States declaration of war on Austria-Hungary">USA against Austria-Hungary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constantinople_Agreement" title="Constantinople Agreement">Constantinople Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1915)" title="Treaty of London (1915)">Treaty of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Protocol" title="Damascus Protocol">Damascus Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Germany_treaty_(1915)" title="Bulgaria–Germany treaty (1915)">Bulgaria–Germany treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Darin" title="Treaty of Darin">Treaty of Darin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sykes%E2%80%93Picot_Agreement" title="Sykes–Picot Agreement">Sykes–Picot Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sazonov%E2%80%93Pal%C3%A9ologue_Agreement" title="Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement">Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Economy_Pact" title="Paris Economy Pact">Paris Economy Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1916)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1916)">Treaty of Bucharest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_of_Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne" title="Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne">Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Peace treaties</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modus_vivendi_of_Acroma" title="Modus vivendi of Acroma">Modus vivendi of Acroma</a></li> <li>Treaties of Brest-Litovsk <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk" title="Treaty of Brest-Litovsk">Russia–Central Powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk_(Ukraine%E2%80%93Central_Powers)" title="Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers)">Ukraine–Central Powers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1918)">Treaty of Bucharest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Conference_(1919%E2%80%931920)" title="Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)">Paris Peace Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1919)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)">Treaty of St. Germain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Neuilly-sur-Seine" title="Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine">Treaty of Neuilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Trianon" title="Treaty of Trianon">Treaty of Trianon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_S%C3%A8vres" title="Treaty of Sèvres">Treaty of Sèvres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lausanne" title="Treaty of Lausanne">Treaty of Lausanne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arrest_of_a_Suspect_in_Sarajevo" title="Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo">Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutilated_victory" title="Mutilated victory">Mutilated victory</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Virgin" title="The Golden Virgin">The Golden Virgin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/They_shall_not_pass" title="They shall not pass">They shall not pass</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_War_I" title="Category:World War I">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" title="Template:Wars and battles involving Serbs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" title="Template talk:Wars and battles involving Serbs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wars and battles involving Serbs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wars_and_battles_involving_Serbs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Serbia" title="Military history of Serbia">Wars and battles involving Serbs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Medieval</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian%E2%80%93Serbian_wars_(medieval)" title="Bulgarian–Serbian wars (medieval)">Serbian–Bulgarian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar%E2%80%93Serb_War_(839%E2%80%93842)" title="Bulgar–Serb War (839–842)">Bulgar–Serb War (839–842)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar%E2%80%93Serb_War_(853)" title="Bulgar–Serb War (853)">Bulgar–Serb War (853)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian%E2%80%93Serbian_wars_of_917%E2%80%93924" title="Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924">Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaharija_of_Serbia#Rule" title="Zaharija of Serbia">Bulgarian–Serbian border revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian%E2%80%93Serbian_wars_(medieval)" title="Bulgarian–Serbian wars (medieval)">Bulgarian-Serb War (998)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1202)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1202) (page does not exist)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1202)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1203)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1203) (page does not exist)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1203)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1290)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1290) (page does not exist)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1290)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1291)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1291) (page does not exist)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1291)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian-Serbian_War_(1330)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330)">Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Velbazhd" title="Battle of Velbazhd">Battle of Velbazhd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Serbian%E2%80%93Ottoman_conflicts" title="List of Serbian–Ottoman conflicts">Serbian–Ottoman</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Early skirmishes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gallipoli_(1312)" title="Battle of Gallipoli (1312)">Battle of Gallipoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stephaniana" title="Battle of Stephaniana">Battle of Stephaniana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Demotika" title="Battle of Demotika">Battle of Demotika</a> in 1352</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_S%C4%B1rp_S%C4%B1nd%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sırp Sındığı">Battle of Sırp Sındığı</a> in 1364</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Serbian_Empire" title="Fall of the Serbian Empire">Fall of the Serbian Empire</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maritsa" title="Battle of Maritsa">Battle of Maritsa</a> in 1371</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dubravnica" title="Battle of Dubravnica">Battle of Dubravnica</a> in 1381</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Savra" title="Battle of Savra">Battle of Savra</a> in 1385</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plo%C4%8Dnik" title="Battle of Pločnik">Battle of Pločnik</a> in 1386</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo" title="Battle of Kosovo">Battle of Kosovo</a> in 1389</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karanovasa" title="Battle of Karanovasa">Battle of Karanovasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tripolje" title="Battle of Tripolje">Battle of Tripolje</a> in 1402</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novo_Brdo" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Novo Brdo">Siege of Novo Brdo</a> in 1412</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vitosha_Pass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vitosha Pass (page does not exist)">Battle of Vitosha Pass</a> in 1413</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Carmorlu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Carmorlu (page does not exist)">Battle of Carmorlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Scutari_War" title="First Scutari War">First Scutari War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Scutari_War" title="Second Scutari War">Second Scutari War</a></li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1425</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1427</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1437</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trnava_(1430)" title="Battle of Trnava (1430)">Battle of Trnava (1430)</a></li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1438</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia (1439–1444)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_Varna" title="Crusade of Varna">Crusade of Varna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nish_(1443)" title="Battle of Nish (1443)">Battle of Nish (1443)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zlatitsa" title="Battle of Zlatitsa">Battle of Zlatitsa</a> in 1443</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kunovica" title="Battle of Kunovica">Battle of Kunovica</a> in 1444</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia (1454–1455)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kru%C5%A1evac" title="Battle of Kruševac">Battle of Kruševac</a> in 1454</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leskovac" title="Battle of Leskovac">Battle of Leskovac</a> in 1454</li> <li>Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1456</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1456)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1456)">Siege of Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Smederevo_(1456)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Smederevo (1456) (page does not exist)">Siege of Smederevo</a></li> <li>Ottoman invasion and conquest of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> in 1459</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Breadfield" title="Battle of Breadfield">Battle of Breadfield</a> in 1479</li></ul></li> <li>Ottoman conquest of <a href="/wiki/Zeta_under_the_Crnojevi%C4%87i" title="Zeta under the Crnojevići">Zeta</a> in 1499</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_wars" title="List of Byzantine wars">Serbian–Byzantine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serb_Uprising_of_1038%E2%80%931042&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serb Uprising of 1038–1042 (page does not exist)">Serb Uprising of 1038–1042</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bar" title="Battle of Bar">Battle of Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slav_Uprising_in_Pomoravlje" class="mw-redirect" title="Slav Uprising in Pomoravlje">Slav Uprising in Pomoravlje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zve%C4%8Dan" title="Battle of Zvečan">Battle of Zvečan</a> (1094)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haram" title="Battle of Haram">Battle of Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Ras_(1127)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Ras (1127) (page does not exist)">Siege of Ras (1127)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tara_(1150)" title="Battle of Tara (1150)">Battle of Tara (1150)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1149%E2%80%931155)" title="Byzantine–Hungarian War (1149–1155)">Byzantine–Hungarian War (1149–1155)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Brani%C4%8Devo" title="Siege of Braničevo">Siege of Braničevo</a> (1154)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pantina" title="Battle of Pantina">Battle of Pantina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1127%E2%80%931129)" title="Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)">Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_civil_war_of_1321%E2%80%931328" title="Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328">Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328</a></li> <li>Serbian invasion of Macedonia led by <a href="/wiki/Syrgiannes_Palaiologos" title="Syrgiannes Palaiologos">Syrgiannes Palaiologos</a> (1334)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_civil_war_of_1341%E2%80%931347" title="Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347">Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_invasions_of_Europe" title="Hungarian invasions of Europe">Hungarian invasions of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magyar%E2%80%93Serb_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyar–Serb conflict">Magyar–Serb conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1127%E2%80%931129)" title="Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)">Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sirmium" title="Battle of Sirmium">Battle of Sirmium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gacko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Gacko (page does not exist)">Battle of Gacko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_conflict_with_the_Nogai_Horde" title="Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde">Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Bulgaria_and_Serbia" title="Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia">Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%8Dva_War" title="Mačva War">Mačva War</a></li> <li>Hungarian–Serbian War (1321-1324)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_Hum_(1326%E2%80%931329)" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Hum (1326–1329)">War of Hum (1326–1329)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_civil_war_of_1331" title="Serbian civil war of 1331">Serbian civil war of 1331</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_nobility_conflict_(1369)" title="Serbian nobility conflict (1369)">Serbian nobility conflict (1369)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rovine" title="Battle of Rovine">Battle of Rovine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nicopolis" title="Battle of Nicopolis">Battle of Nicopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ankara" title="Battle of Ankara">Battle of Ankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosmidion" title="Battle of Kosmidion">Battle of Kosmidion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C3%87amurlu" title="Battle of Çamurlu">Battle of Çamurlu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Despotovac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Despotovac (page does not exist)">Battle of Despotovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1440)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1440)">Siege of Belgrade (1440)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo_(1448)" title="Battle of Kosovo (1448)">Battle of Kosovo (1448)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinople" title="Fall of Constantinople">Fall of Constantinople</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Foreign rule</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburgs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Nenad" title="Jovan Nenad">Jovan Nenad</a>'s uprising</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_campaign_of_1527%E2%80%931528" title="Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528">Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sz%C5%91l%C5%91s" title="Battle of Szőlős">Battle of Szőlős</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sz%C5%91dfalva" title="Battle of Sződfalva">Battle of Sződfalva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Keresztes" title="Battle of Keresztes">Battle of Keresztes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1688)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1688)">Siege of Belgrade (1688)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bato%C4%8Dina" title="Battle of Batočina">Battle of Batočina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ni%C5%A1_(1689)" title="Battle of Niš (1689)">Battle of Niš (1689)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1690)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1690)">Siege of Belgrade (1690)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lugos" title="Battle of Lugos">Battle of Lugos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi%27s_War_of_Independence" title="Rákóczi's War of Independence">Rákóczi's War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Gotthard_(1705)" title="Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)">Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1716%E2%80%931718)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)">Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1717)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1717)">Siege of Belgrade (1717)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1735%E2%80%931739)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)">Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zsib%C3%B3" title="Battle of Zsibó">Battle of Zsibó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Battle of Trenčín">Battle of Trenčín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Petrovaradin" title="Battle of Petrovaradin">Battle of Petrovaradin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Banja_Luka" title="Battle of Banja Luka">Battle of Banja Luka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1788%E2%80%931791)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)">Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_War_(Ottoman_wars)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long War (Ottoman wars)">Long War (Ottoman wars)</a> (1593–1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Banat Uprising">Banat Uprising</a> (1594)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serb_Uprising_of_1596%E2%80%931597&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serb Uprising of 1596–1597 (page does not exist)">Serb Uprising of 1596–1597</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs_(1687)" title="Battle of Mohács (1687)">Battle of Mohács (1687)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Vu%C4%8Ditrn" title="Uprising in Vučitrn">Uprising in Vučitrn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_uprising_of_1737%E2%80%931739" title="Serb uprising of 1737–1739">Serb uprising of 1737–1739</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Dina_Krajina_Serb_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Kočina Krajina Serb rebellion">Kočina Krajina Serb rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Martini%C4%87i_(1796)" title="Battle of Martinići (1796)">Battle of Martinići (1796)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krusi" title="Battle of Krusi">Battle of Krusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lopate" title="Battle of Lopate">Battle of Lopate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morean_War" title="Morean War">Morean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_War_(1645%E2%80%931669)" title="Cretan War (1645–1669)">Cretan War (1645–1669)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_on_Vrtijeljka" title="Battle on Vrtijeljka">Battle on Vrtijeljka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slankamen" title="Battle of Slankamen">Battle of Slankamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zenta" title="Battle of Zenta">Battle of Senta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Hussar_Regiment" title="Serbian Hussar Regiment">Serbian Hussar Regiment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pruth_River_Campaign" title="Pruth River Campaign">Pruth River Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Polish_Succession" title="War of the Polish Succession">War of the Polish Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Swedish_War_(1741%E2%80%931743)" title="Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)">Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Revolution" title="Serbian Revolution">Serbian Revolution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/First_Serbian_Uprising" title="First Serbian Uprising">First Serbian Uprising</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vra%C4%8Dar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vračar (page does not exist)">Vračar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Rudnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Rudnik (page does not exist)">Rudnik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Svileuva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Svileuva (page does not exist)">Svileuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Bato%C4%8Dina_and_Jagodina" title="Battles of Batočina and Jagodina">Batočina and Jagodina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kragujevac_(1804)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Kragujevac (1804) (page does not exist)">Kragujevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Drlupa" title="Battle of Drlupa">Drlupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C4%8Coke%C5%A1ina" title="Battle of Čokešina">Čokešina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberation_of_%C5%A0abac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberation of Šabac (page does not exist)">Šabac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Po%C5%BEarevac" title="Battle of Požarevac">Požarevac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Karanovac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Karanovac (page does not exist)">Karanovac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Adakale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Adakale (page does not exist)">Adakale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ivankovac" title="Battle of Ivankovac">Ivankovac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Rudnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Rudnik (page does not exist)">Rudnik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vrbica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vrbica (page does not exist)">Vrbica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mi%C5%A1ar" title="Battle of Mišar">Mišar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Deligrad" title="Battle of Deligrad">Deligrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1806)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1806)">Belgrade (1806)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberation_of_Belgrade_(1807)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberation of Belgrade (1807) (page does not exist)">Liberation of Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Loznica_(1807)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Loznica (1807) (page does not exist)">Loznica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battles_of_Malajnica_and_%C5%A0tubik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battles of Malajnica and Štubik (page does not exist)">Malajnica and Štubik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C4%8Cegar" title="Battle of Čegar">Čegar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Jasika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Jasika (page does not exist)">Jasika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Prahovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Prahovo (page does not exist)">Prahovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suvodol" title="Battle of Suvodol">Suvodol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_on_the_Drina_(1810)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle on the Drina (1810) (page does not exist)">Drina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Varvarin" title="Battle of Varvarin">Varvarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Loznica" title="Battle of Loznica">Loznica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ma%C4%8Dva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Mačva (page does not exist)">Mačva</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ravnje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Ravnje (page does not exist)">Ravnje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Had%C5%BEi_Prodan%27s_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadži Prodan's Revolt">Hadži Prodan's Revolt</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Serbian_Uprising" title="Second Serbian Uprising">Second Serbian Uprising</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ljubi%C4%87" title="Battle of Ljubić">Ljubić</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_%C4%8Ca%C4%8Dak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Čačak (page does not exist)">Čačak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Pale%C5%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Palež (page does not exist)">Palež</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Po%C5%BEarevac" title="Battle of Požarevac">Požarevac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Rudnik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Družetić</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Kragujevac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Jagodina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Karanovac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Batočina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Užice</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Valjevo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dublje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dublje (page does not exist)">Batočina</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;">Ottoman</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1852%E2%80%931853)" title="Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1852–1853)">Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1852–1853)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grahovac" title="Battle of Grahovac">Battle of Grahovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kola%C5%A1in" title="Battle of Kolašin">Battle of Kolašin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1861%E2%80%931862)" title="Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1861–1862)">Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1861–1862)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1876%E2%80%931878)" title="Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)">Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vu%C4%8Dji_Do" title="Battle of Vučji Do">Battle of Vučji Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fundina" title="Battle of Fundina">Battle of Fundina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_for_Plav_and_Gusinje" title="Battles for Plav and Gusinje">Battles for Plav and Gusinje</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Velika_attacks_(1879)" title="Velika attacks (1879)">Velika attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nov%C5%A1i%C4%87e" title="Battle of Novšiće">Battle of Novšiće</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Murino" title="Battle of Murino">Battle of Murino</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kumanovo_uprising" title="Kumanovo uprising">Kumanovo uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_campaign_of_1807%E2%80%931814" title="Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814">Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan%C4%8Di%C4%87%27s_rebellion" title="Jančić's rebellion">Jančić's rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest_Jovica%27s_Rebellion" title="Priest Jovica's Rebellion">Priest Jovica's Rebellion</a></li> <li>Several battles of <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vr%C5%A1ac_(1849)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vršac (1849) (page does not exist)">Battle of Vršac (1849)</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Serbian-Turkish_Wars_(1876%E2%80%931878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian-Turkish Wars (1876–1878)">Serbian-Turkish Wars (1876–1878)</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vranje" title="Battle of Vranje">Battle of Vranje</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cattaro" title="Siege of Cattaro">Siege of Cattaro</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina_uprising_(1852%E2%80%931862)" title="Herzegovina uprising (1852–1862)">Herzegovina uprising (1852–1862)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krivo%C5%A1ije_uprising_(1869)" title="Krivošije uprising (1869)">Krivošije uprising (1869)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_campaign_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_1878" title="Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878">AU-BiH War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jajce_(1878)" title="Battle of Jajce (1878)">Battle of Jajce (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vitez_(1878)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vitez (1878) (page does not exist)">Battle of Vitez (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarajevo_(1878)" title="Battle of Sarajevo (1878)">Battle of Sarajevo (1878)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Bulgarian_War" title="Serbo-Bulgarian War">Serbo-Bulgarian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pirot" title="Battle of Pirot">Battle of Pirot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slivnitsa" title="Battle of Slivnitsa">Battle of Slivnitsa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Struggle" title="Macedonian Struggle">Macedonian Struggle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fight_on_%C5%A0uplji_Kamen" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight on Šuplji Kamen">Fight on Šuplji Kamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fight_on_%C4%8Celopek" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight on Čelopek">Fight on Čelopek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fight_in_Tabanovce" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight in Tabanovce">Fight in Tabanovce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fight_in_Velika_Ho%C4%8Da" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight in Velika Hoča">Fight in Velika Hoča</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fight_on_%C4%8Celopek_(1906)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fight on Čelopek (1906) (page does not exist)">Fight on Čelopek (1906)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pirot_(1913)" title="Battle of Pirot (1913)">Battle of Pirot (1913)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kumanovo" title="Battle of Kumanovo">Battle of Kumanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prilep" title="Battle of Prilep">Battle of Prilep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monastir" title="Battle of Monastir">Battle of Monastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Scutari_(1912-1913)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Scutari (1912-1913)">Siege of Scutari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Adrianople_(1913)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Adrianople (1913)">Siege of Adrianople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Odrin_(1912%E2%80%931913)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Odrin (1912–1913)">Siege of Odrin (1912–1913)</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bregalnica" title="Battle of Bregalnica">Battle of Bregalnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kalimanci" title="Battle of Kalimanci">Battle of Kalimanci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Knja%C5%BEevac" title="Battle of Knjaževac">Battle of Knjaževac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vidin_(1913)" title="Siege of Vidin (1913)">Siege of Vidin (1913)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrid%E2%80%93Debar_uprising" title="Ohrid–Debar uprising">Ohrid–Debar uprising</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_campaign" title="Montenegrin campaign">Montenegrin campaign</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mojkovac" title="Battle of Mojkovac">Battle of Mojkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lov%C4%87en" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Lovćen">Battle of Lovćen</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Serbian_campaign" title="Serbian campaign">Serbian campaign</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cer" title="Battle of Cer">Battle of Cer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Crna_Bend_(1916)" title="Battle of the Crna Bend (1916)">Battle of the Crna Bend (1916)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bazargic" title="Battle of Bazargic">Battle of Bazargic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dobro_Pole" title="Battle of Dobro Pole">Battle of Dobro Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Drina" title="Battle of the Drina">Battle of the Drina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Florina" title="Battle of Florina">Battle of Florina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kaymakchalan" title="Battle of Kaymakchalan">Battle of Kaymakchalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kolubara" title="Battle of Kolubara">Battle of Kolubara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_offensive_(1915)" title="Kosovo offensive (1915)">Kosovo offensive (1915)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Serbia,_Albania_and_Montenegro_(1918)" title="Liberation of Serbia, Albania and Montenegro (1918)">Liberation of Serbia, Albania and Montenegro (1918)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malka_Nidzhe" title="Battle of Malka Nidzhe">Battle of Malka Nidzhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">Macedonian front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastir_offensive" title="Monastir offensive">Monastir offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morava_Offensive" title="Morava Offensive">Morava Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8De_Pole_Offensive" title="Ovče Pole Offensive">Ovče Pole Offensive</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vardar offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srem_Offensive" title="Srem Offensive">Srem Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toplica_Uprising" title="Toplica Uprising">Toplica Uprising</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">Interwar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Slovene_conflict_in_Carinthia" title="Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia">Carinthia War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_National_Defence_of_Kosovo#Activity_in_Yugoslavia" title="Committee for the National Defence of Kosovo">Uprising in Drenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Uprising" title="Christmas Uprising">Christmas Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_intervention_in_the_Russian_Civil_War" title="Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War">Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian-Yugoslav_Border_War_(1921)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian-Yugoslav Border War (1921)">Albanian-Yugoslav Border War (1921)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azem_Galica#Resistance_against_Yugoslavia" title="Azem Galica">Drenica-Junik Uprising</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion of Yugoslavia</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Serbia_(1941)" title="Uprising in Serbia (1941)">Uprising in Serbia (1941)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_in_Montenegro_(1941)" title="Uprising in Montenegro (1941)">Uprising in Montenegro (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1941_uprising_in_eastern_Herzegovina" title="June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina">June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Novi_Pazar" title="Battle of Novi Pazar">Battle of Novi Pazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pljevlja" title="Battle of Pljevlja">Battle of Pljevlja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kozara" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kozara">Battle of Kozara</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Loznica_(1941)" title="Battle of Loznica (1941)">Battle of Loznica (1941)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Livno" title="Battle of Livno">Battle of Livno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neretva" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Neretva">Battle of Neretva</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Sutjeska" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Sutjeska">Battle of the Sutjeska</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Drvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Raid on Drvar">Raid on Drvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Knin" title="Battle of Knin">Battle of Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mostar" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Mostar">Battle of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lijev%C4%8De_Field" title="Battle of Lijevče Field">Battle of Lijevče Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Montenegro_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="1942 Montenegro offensive">1942 Montenegro offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biha%C4%87_Operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bihać Operation">Bihać Operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Batina" title="Battle of Batina">Battle of Batina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgrade Offensive">Belgrade Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Banja_Kovilja%C4%8Da" title="Capture of Banja Koviljača">Capture of Banja Koviljača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Black" title="Case Black">Case Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_White" title="Case White">Case White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Draufg%C3%A4nger" title="Operation Draufgänger">Operation Draufgänger</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kozara_Offensive" title="Kozara Offensive">Kozara Offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1942)" title="Battle of Kupres (1942)">Battle of Kupres (1942)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vi%C5%A1egrad" title="Battle of Višegrad">Battle of Višegrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostar_operation" title="Mostar operation">Mostar operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagykanizsa%E2%80%93K%C3%B6rmend_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagykanizsa–Körmend Offensive">Nagykanizsa–Körmend Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_operation" title="Niš operation">Niš operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Od%C5%BEak" title="Battle of Odžak">Battle of Odžak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Olovo_(1941)" title="Capture of Olovo (1941)">Capture of Olovo (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Alfa" title="Operation Alfa">Operation Alfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Delphin" title="Operation Delphin">Operation Delphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Kopaonik" title="Operation Kopaonik">Operation Kopaonik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Kugelblitz" title="Operation Kugelblitz">Operation Kugelblitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mihailovic" title="Operation Mihailovic">Operation Mihailovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southeast_Croatia" title="Operation Southeast Croatia">Operation Southeast Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Trio" title="Operation Trio">Operation Trio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Uzice" title="Operation Uzice">Operation Uzice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Poljana" title="Battle of Poljana">Battle of Poljana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Prijedor" title="Operation Prijedor">Operation Prijedor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rogatica_(1941)" title="Siege of Rogatica (1941)">Siege of Rogatica (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_R%C3%B6sselsprung_(1944)" title="Operation Rösselsprung (1944)">Operation Rösselsprung (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Operation_(1944)" title="Kosovo Operation (1944)">Kosovo Operation (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Awakening" title="Operation Spring Awakening">Operation Spring Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srb_uprising" title="Srb uprising">Srb uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratsin-Kumanovo_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Stratsin-Kumanovo operation">Stratsin-Kumanovo operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrmian_Front" title="Syrmian Front">Syrmian Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zvornik" title="Battle of Zvornik">Battle of Zvornik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo_(1945)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Sarajevo (1945)">Battle of Sarajevo (1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zelengora" title="Battle of Zelengora">Battle of Zelengora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">Croatian War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">Pakrac clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borovo_Selo" title="Battle of Borovo Selo">Battle of Borovo Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Stinger" title="Operation Stinger">Operation Stinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Yugoslav_campaign_in_Croatia" title="1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia">1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osijek" title="Battle of Osijek">Battle of Osijek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Battle of Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gospi%C4%87" title="Battle of Gospić">Battle of Gospić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0ibenik" title="Battle of Šibenik">Battle of Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zadar" title="Battle of Zadar">Battle of Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kusonje" title="Battle of Kusonje">Battle of Kusonje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">Battle of the Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vara%C5%BEdin_Barracks" title="Siege of Varaždin Barracks">Siege of Varaždin Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bjelovar_Barracks" title="Siege of Bjelovar Barracks">Siege of Bjelovar Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_Channels" title="Battle of the Dalmatian Channels">Battle of the Dalmatian Channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Otkos_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Otkos 10">Operation Otkos 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Orkan_91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Orkan 91">Operation Orkan 91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Whirlwind" title="Operation Whirlwind">Operation Whirlwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Baranja" title="Operation Baranja">Operation Baranja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Miljevci_Plateau" title="Battle of the Miljevci Plateau">Battle of the Miljevci Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1992)" title="Operation Tiger (1992)">Operation Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Operation Maslenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Operation Medak Pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Operation Flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">Bosnian War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosanski_Brod" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Bosanski Brod">Battle of Bosanski Brod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1992)" title="Battle of Kupres (1992)">Battle of Kupres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo" title="Siege of Sarajevo">Siege of Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Srebrenica" title="Siege of Srebrenica">Siege of Srebrenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gora%C5%BEde" title="Siege of Goražde">Siege of Goražde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Doboj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Doboj">Siege of Doboj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1992%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bihać (1992–95)">Siege of Bihać (1992–95)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vrbas_%2792" title="Operation Vrbas '92">Operation Vrbas '92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Corridor_92" title="Operation Corridor 92">Operation Corridor 92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bura" title="Operation Bura">Operation Bura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kravica_attack_(1993)" title="Kravica attack (1993)">Kravica attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mostar" title="Siege of Mostar">Siege of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Irma" title="Operation Irma">Operation Irma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_B%C3%B8llebank" title="Operation Bøllebank">Operation Bøllebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1994)" title="Operation Tiger (1994)">Operation Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1994)" title="Battle of Kupres (1994)">Battle of Kupres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Amanda" title="Operation Amanda">Operation Amanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spider" title="Operation Spider">Operation Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Vla%C5%A1i%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberation of Vlašić">Battle of Vlašić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 1">Operation Leap 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ora%C5%A1je" title="Battle of Orašje">Battle of Orašje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 2">Operation Leap 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vrbanja_Bridge" title="Battle of Vrbanja Bridge">Battle of Vrbanja Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vozu%C4%87a" title="Battle of Vozuća">Battle of Vozuća</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Miracle_(1995)" title="Operation Miracle (1995)">Operation Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mistral_2" title="Operation Mistral 2">Operation Mistral 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sana" title="Operation Sana">Operation Sana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Una" title="Operation Una">Operation Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southern_Move" title="Operation Southern Move">Operation Southern Move</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/NATO_intervention_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="NATO intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina">NATO intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1995_Pale_air_strikes" title="1995 Pale air strikes">1995 Pale air strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deny_Flight" title="Operation Deny Flight">Operation Deny Flight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deliberate_Force" title="Operation Deliberate Force">Operation Deliberate Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maritime_Monitor" title="Operation Maritime Monitor">Operation Maritime Monitor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">Kosovo War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Kosovo_(1995%E2%80%931998)" title="Insurgency in Kosovo (1995–1998)">Insurgency in Kosovo</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_incident_(December_1998)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian–Yugoslav border incident (December 1998)">Albanian–Yugoslav border incident (December 1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_incident_(April_1999)" title="Albania–Yugoslav border incident (April 1999)">Albania–Yugoslav border incident (April 1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23,_1998,_Albanian%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_ambush" title="April 23, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush">April 23, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Orahovac" title="Attack on Orahovac">Attack on Orahovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Prekaz" title="Attack on Prekaz">Attack on Prekaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lo%C4%91a" title="Battle of Lođa">Battle of Lođa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oraovica" title="Battle of Oraovica">Battle of Oraovica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bela%C4%87evac_Mine" title="Battle of Belaćevac Mine">Battle of Belaćevac Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Podujevo" title="Battle of Podujevo">Battle of Podujevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_14,_1998,_Albanian%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_ambush" title="December 14, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush">December 14, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Glo%C4%91ane" title="Battle of Glođane">Battle of Glođane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_18,_1998,_Albanian%E2%80%93Yugoslav_border_clashes" title="July 18, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border clashes">July 18, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Junik" title="Battle of Junik">Battle of Junik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ko%C5%A1are" title="Battle of Košare">Battle of Košare</a></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Pre%C5%A1evo_Valley" title="Insurgency in the Preševo Valley">Insurgency in the Preševo Valley</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prizren_incident_(1999)" title="Prizren incident (1999)">Prizren incident (1999)</a></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">NATO bombing of Yugoslavia</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dubrava_Prison_bombings_and_executions" title="Dubrava Prison bombings and executions">Dubrava Prison bombings and executions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_F-117A_shootdown" title="1999 F-117A shootdown">1999 F-117A shootdown</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Peacekeeping" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping" title="Peacekeeping">Peacekeeping</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">DR Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&oldid=1255307907">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vardar_offensive&oldid=1255307907</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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