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analysis</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: velocity analysis"> <meta name="keywords" content="velocity analysis"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="velocity analysis"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 28901</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: velocity analysis</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28721</span> Numerical Simulation of Filtration Gas Combustion: Front Propagation Velocity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuri%20Laevsky">Yuri Laevsky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatyana%20Nosova"> Tatyana Nosova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phenomenon of filtration gas combustion (FGC) had been discovered experimentally at the beginning of 80’s of the previous century. It has a number of important applications in such areas as chemical technologies, fire-explosion safety, energy-saving technologies, oil production. From the physical point of view, FGC may be defined as the propagation of region of gaseous exothermic reaction in chemically inert porous medium, as the gaseous reactants seep into the region of chemical transformation. The movement of the combustion front has different modes, and this investigation is focused on the low-velocity regime. The main characteristic of the process is the velocity of the combustion front propagation. Computation of this characteristic encounters substantial difficulties because of the strong heterogeneity of the process. The mathematical model of FGC is formed by the energy conservation laws for the temperature of the porous medium and the temperature of gas and the mass conservation law for the relative concentration of the reacting component of the gas mixture. In this case the homogenization of the model is performed with the use of the two-temperature approach when at each point of the continuous medium we specify the solid and gas phases with a Newtonian heat exchange between them. The construction of a computational scheme is based on the principles of mixed finite element method with the usage of a regular mesh. The approximation in time is performed by an explicit–implicit difference scheme. Special attention was given to determination of the combustion front propagation velocity. Straight computation of the velocity as grid derivative leads to extremely unstable algorithm. It is worth to note that the term ‘front propagation velocity’ makes sense for settled motion when some analytical formulae linking velocity and equilibrium temperature are correct. The numerical implementation of one of such formulae leading to the stable computation of instantaneous front velocity has been proposed. The algorithm obtained has been applied in subsequent numerical investigation of the FGC process. This way the dependence of the main characteristics of the process on various physical parameters has been studied. In particular, the influence of the combustible gas mixture consumption on the front propagation velocity has been investigated. It also has been reaffirmed numerically that there is an interval of critical values of the interfacial heat transfer coefficient at which a sort of a breakdown occurs from a slow combustion front propagation to a rapid one. Approximate boundaries of such an interval have been calculated for some specific parameters. All the results obtained are in full agreement with both experimental and theoretical data, confirming the adequacy of the model and the algorithm constructed. The presence of stable techniques to calculate the instantaneous velocity of the combustion wave allows considering the semi-Lagrangian approach to the solution of the problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration%20gas%20combustion" title="filtration gas combustion">filtration gas combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-velocity%20regime" title=" low-velocity regime"> low-velocity regime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20finite%20element%20method" title=" mixed finite element method"> mixed finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92832/numerical-simulation-of-filtration-gas-combustion-front-propagation-velocity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28720</span> Dynamic Response of Doubly Curved Composite Shell with Embedded Shape Memory Alloys Wires</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Ardali">Amin Ardali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadreza%20Khalili"> Mohammadreza Khalili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadreza%20Rezai"> Mohammadreza Rezai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, dynamic response of thin smart composite panel subjected to low-velocity transverse impact is investigated. Shape memory wires are used to reinforced curved composite panel in a smart way. One-dimensional thermodynamic constitutive model by Liang and Rogers is used for estimating the structural recovery stress. The two degrees-of-freedom mass-spring model is used for evaluation of the contact force between the curved composite panel and the impactor. This work is benefited from the Hertzian linear contact model which is linearized for the impact analysis of curved composite panel. The governing equations of curved panel are provided by first-order shear theory and solved by Fourier series related to simply supported boundary condition. For this purpose, the equation of doubly curved panel motion included the uniform in-plane forces is obtained. By the present analysis, the curved panel behavior under low-velocity impact, and also the effect of the impact parameters, the shape memory wire and the curved panel dimensions are studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubly%20curved%20shell" title="doubly curved shell">doubly curved shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMA%20wire" title=" SMA wire"> SMA wire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20response" title=" impact response"> impact response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20material" title=" smart material"> smart material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20memory%20alloy" title=" shape memory alloy"> shape memory alloy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49593/dynamic-response-of-doubly-curved-composite-shell-with-embedded-shape-memory-alloys-wires" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28719</span> Prediction of Boundary Shear Stress with Gradually Tapering Flood Plains</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spandan%20Sahu">Spandan Sahu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amiya%20Kumar%20Pati"> Amiya Kumar Pati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kishanjit%20Kumar%20Khatua"> Kishanjit Kumar Khatua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> River is the main source of water. It is a form of natural open channel which gives rise to many complex phenomenon of sciences that needs to be tackled such as the critical flow conditions, boundary shear stress and depth averaged velocity. The development of society more or less solely depends upon the flow of rivers. The rivers are major sources of many sediments and specific ingredients which are much essential for human beings. During floods, part of a river is carried by the simple main channel and rest is carried by flood plains. For such compound asymmetric channels, the flow structure becomes complicated due to momentum exchange between main channel and adjoining flood plains. Distribution of boundary shear in subsections provides us with the concept of momentum transfer between the interface of main channel and the flood plains. Experimentally, to get better data with accurate results are very complex because of the complexity of the problem. Hence, Conveyance Estimation System (CES) software has been used to tackle the complex processes to determine the shear stresses at different sections of an open channel having asymmetric flood plains on both sides of the main channel and the results are compared with the symmetric flood plains for various geometrical shapes and flow conditions. Error analysis is also performed to know the degree of accuracy of the model implemented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depth%20average%20velocity" title="depth average velocity">depth average velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20prismatic%20compound%20channel" title=" non prismatic compound channel"> non prismatic compound channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20flow%20depth" title=" relative flow depth "> relative flow depth </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20distribution" title=" velocity distribution"> velocity distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111003/prediction-of-boundary-shear-stress-with-gradually-tapering-flood-plains" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28718</span> Flame Propagation Velocity of Selected Gas Mixtures Depending on the Temperature </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaczmarzyk%20Piotr">Kaczmarzyk Piotr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Dziechciarz"> Anna Dziechciarz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wojciech%20Klapsa"> Wojciech Klapsa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is demonstration the test results of research influence of temperature on the velocity of flame propagation using gas and air mixtures for selected gas mixtures. The research was conducted on the test apparatus in the form of duct 2 m long. The test apparatus was funded from the project: “Development of methods to neutralize threats of explosion for determined tanks contained technical gases, including alternative sources of supply in the fire environment, taking into account needs of rescuers” number: DOB-BIO6/02/50/2014. The Project is funded by The National Centre for Research and Development. This paper presents the results of measurement of rate of pressure rise and rate in flame propagation, using test apparatus for mixtures air and methane or air and propane. This paper presents the results performed using the test apparatus in the form of duct measuring the rate of flame and overpressure wave. Studies were performed using three gas mixtures with different concentrations: Methane (3% to 8% vol), Propane (3% to 6% vol). As regard to the above concentrations, tests were carried out at temperatures 20 and 30 ̊C. The gas mixture was supplied to the inside of the duct by the partial pressure molecules. Data acquisition was made using 5 dynamic pressure transducers and 5 ionization probes, arranged along of the duct. Temperature conditions changes were performed using heater which was mounted on the duct’s bottom. During the tests, following parameters were recorded: maximum explosion pressure, maximum pressure recorded by sensors and voltage recorded by ionization probes. Performed tests, for flammable gas and air mixtures, indicate that temperature changes have an influence on overpressure velocity. It should be noted, that temperature changes do not have a major impact on the flame front velocity. In the case of propane and air mixtures (temperature 30 ̊C) was observed DDT (Deflagration to Detonation) phenomena. The velocity increased from 2 to 20 m/s. This kind of explosion could turn into a detonation, but the duct length is too short (2 m). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20propagation" title="flame propagation">flame propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20propagation%20velocity" title=" flame propagation velocity"> flame propagation velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explosion" title=" explosion"> explosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propane" title=" propane"> propane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane" title=" methane"> methane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78256/flame-propagation-velocity-of-selected-gas-mixtures-depending-on-the-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28717</span> Quantitative Characterization of Single Orifice Hydraulic Flat Spray Nozzle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20C.%20Khoo">Y. C. Khoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20T.%20Lai"> W. T. Lai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The single orifice hydraulic flat spray nozzle was evaluated with two global imaging techniques to characterize various aspects of the resulting spray. The two techniques were high resolution flow visualization and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). A CCD camera with 29 million pixels was used to capture shadowgraph images to realize ligament formation and collapse as well as droplet interaction. Quantitative analysis was performed to give the sizing information of the droplets and ligaments. This camera was then applied with a PIV system to evaluate the overall velocity field of the spray, from nozzle exit to droplet discharge. PIV images were further post-processed to determine the inclusion angle of the spray. The results from those investigations provided significant quantitative understanding of the spray structure. Based on the quantitative results, detailed understanding of the spray behavior was achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spray" title="spray">spray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20visualization" title=" flow visualization"> flow visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PIV" title=" PIV"> PIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shadowgraph" title=" shadowgraph"> shadowgraph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20sizing" title=" quantitative sizing"> quantitative sizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20field" title=" velocity field"> velocity field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11794/quantitative-characterization-of-single-orifice-hydraulic-flat-spray-nozzle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28716</span> Comparative Study of Compressive Strength of Triangular Polyester Fiber with Fly Ash Roller Compacted Concrete Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pramod%20Keshav%20Kolase">Pramod Keshav Kolase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atul%20K.%20Desai"> Atul K. Desai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the experimental investigation results of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) tests conducted on roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) material containing Class F fly ash of as mineral admixture and triangular polyester fiber as a secondary reinforcement. The each mix design series fly ash content is varied from 0% to 45 % and triangular polyester fiber 0% to 0.75% by volume fraction. In each series and for different ages of curing (i.e. 7, 28 and 90 days) forty-eight cube specimens are cast and tested for compressive strength and UPV. The UPV of fly ash was found to be lower for all mixtures at 7 days in comparison with control mix concrete. But at 28, 56 days and 90 days the UPV were significantly improved for all the mixes. Relationships between compressive strength of RCCP and UPV and Dynamic Elastic Modulus are proposed for all series mixes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20elastic%20modulus" title=" dynamic elastic modulus"> dynamic elastic modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly%20ash" title=" fly ash"> fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber" title=" fiber"> fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roller%20compacted%20concrete" title=" roller compacted concrete"> roller compacted concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20pulse%20velocity" title=" ultrasonic pulse velocity"> ultrasonic pulse velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58794/comparative-study-of-compressive-strength-of-triangular-polyester-fiber-with-fly-ash-roller-compacted-concrete-using-ultrasonic-pulse-velocity-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28715</span> Super Harmonic Nonlinear Lateral Vibration of an Axially Moving Beam with Rotating Prismatic Joint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Najafi">M. Najafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bab"> S. Bab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Rahimi%20Dehgolan"> F. Rahimi Dehgolan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The motion of an axially moving beam with rotating prismatic joint with a tip mass on the end is analyzed to investigate the nonlinear vibration and dynamic stability of the beam. The beam is moving with a harmonic axially and rotating velocity about a constant mean velocity. A time-dependent partial differential equation and boundary conditions with the aid of the Hamilton principle are derived to describe the beam lateral deflection. After the partial differential equation is discretized by the Galerkin method, the method of multiple scales is applied to obtain analytical solutions. Frequency response curves are plotted for the super harmonic resonances of the first and the second modes. The effects of non-linear term and mean velocity are investigated on the steady state response of the axially moving beam. The results are validated with numerical simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20harmonic%20resonances" title="super harmonic resonances">super harmonic resonances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20vibration" title=" non-linear vibration"> non-linear vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axially%20moving%20beam" title=" axially moving beam"> axially moving beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galerkin%20method" title=" Galerkin method"> Galerkin method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67098/super-harmonic-nonlinear-lateral-vibration-of-an-axially-moving-beam-with-rotating-prismatic-joint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28714</span> Measurement of Turbulence with PITOT Static Tube in Low Speed Subsonic Wind Tunnel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gopikrishnan">Gopikrishnan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bharathiraja"> Bharathiraja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boopalan"> Boopalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jensin%20Joshua"> Jensin Joshua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Pitot static tube has proven their values and practicability in measuring velocity of fluids for many years. With the aim of extensive usage of such Pitot tube systems, one of the major enabling technologies is to use the design and fabricate a high sensitive pitot tube for the purpose of calibration of the subsonic wind tunnel. Calibration of wind tunnel is carried out by using different instruments to measure variety of parameters. Using too many instruments inside the tunnel may not only affect the fluid flow but also lead to drag or losses. So, it is essential to replace the different system with a single system that would give all the required information. This model of high sensitive Pitot tube has been designed to ease the calibration process. It minimizes the use of different instruments and this single system is capable of calibrating the wind tunnel test section. This Pitot static tube is completely digitalized and so that the velocity data`s can be collected directly from the instrument. Since the turbulence factors are dependent on velocity, the data’s that are collected from the pitot static tube are then processed and the level of turbulence in the fluid flow is calculated. It is also capable of measuring the pressure distribution inside the wind tunnel and the flow angularity of the fluid. Thus, the well-designed high sensitive Pitot static tube is utilized in calibrating the tunnel and also for the measurement of turbulence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pitot%20static%20tube" title="pitot static tube">pitot static tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20tunnel" title=" wind tunnel"> wind tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity" title=" velocity "> velocity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20145/measurement-of-turbulence-with-pitot-static-tube-in-low-speed-subsonic-wind-tunnel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20145.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28713</span> Parametric Study on Water-Cooling Plates to Improve Cooling Performance on 18650 Li-Ion Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raksit%20Nanthatanti">Raksit Nanthatanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jarruwat%20Charoensuk"> Jarruwat Charoensuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Hirai"> S. Hirai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manop%20Masomtop"> Manop Masomtop</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effect of channel geometry and operating circumstances on a liquid cooling plate for Lithium-ion Battery modules has been investigated Inlet temperature, water velocity, and channel count were the main factors. According to the passage, enhancing the number of cooling channels[2,3,4,6channelperbases] will affect water flow distribution caused by varying the velocity inlet inside the cooling block[0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 m/sec] and intake temperatures[25,30,35,40oC], The findings indicate that the battery’s temperature drops as the number of channels increases. The maximum battery's operating temperature [45 oC] rises, but ∆t is needed to be less than 5 oC [v≤1m/sec]. Maximum temperature and local temperature difference of the battery change significantly with the change of the velocity inlet in the cooling channel and its thermal conductivity. The results of the simulation will help to increase cooling efficiency on the cooling system for Li-ion Battery based on a Mini channel in a liquid-cooling configuration <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20efficiency" title="cooling efficiency">cooling efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20count" title=" channel count"> channel count</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-ion%20battery" title=" lithium-ion battery"> lithium-ion battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating" title=" operating"> operating</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165565/parametric-study-on-water-cooling-plates-to-improve-cooling-performance-on-18650-li-ion-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28712</span> Analysis of Wire Coating for Heat Transfer Flow of a Viscoelastic PTT Fluid with Slip Boundary Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehan%20Ali%20Shah">Rehan Ali Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Siddiqui"> A. M. Siddiqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Haroon"> T. Haroon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Slip boundary value problem in wire coating analysis with heat transfer is examined. The fluid is assumed to be viscoelastic PTT (Phan-Thien and Tanner). The rheological constitutive equation of PTT fluid model simulates various polymer melts. Therefore, the current consequences are valuable in a number of realistic situations. Effects of slip parameter γ as well as εDec^2 (viscoelastic index) on the axial velocity, shear stress, normal stress, average velocity, volume flux, thickness of coated wire, shear stress, force on the total wire and temperature distribution profiles have been investigated. A new direction is explored to analyze the flow with the slip parameter. The slippage at the boundaries plays an important role in thickness of coated wire. It is noted that as the slip parameter increases the flow rate and thickness of coated wire increases while, temperature distribution decreases. The results reduce to no slip when the slip parameter is vanished. Furthermore, we can obtain the results for Maxwell and viscous model by setting ε and λ equal to zero respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wire%20coating" title="wire coating">wire coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=straight%20annular%20die" title=" straight annular die"> straight annular die</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTT%20fluid" title=" PTT fluid"> PTT fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20boundary%20conditions" title=" slip boundary conditions"> slip boundary conditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42279/analysis-of-wire-coating-for-heat-transfer-flow-of-a-viscoelastic-ptt-fluid-with-slip-boundary-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28711</span> Using Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) for Extracting Acoustic Microwaves (Bulk Acoustic Waves) in Piezoelectric Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafdaoui%20Hichem">Hafdaoui Hichem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehadjebia%20Cherifa"> Mehadjebia Cherifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benatia%20Djamel"> Benatia Djamel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a new method for Bulk detection of an acoustic microwave signal during the propagation of acoustic microwaves in a piezoelectric substrate (Lithium Niobate LiNbO3). We have used the classification by probabilistic neural network (PNN) as a means of numerical analysis in which we classify all the values of the real part and the imaginary part of the coefficient attenuation with the acoustic velocity in order to build a model from which we note the Bulk waves easily. These singularities inform us of presence of Bulk waves in piezoelectric materials. By which we obtain accurate values for each of the coefficient attenuation and acoustic velocity for Bulk waves. This study will be very interesting in modeling and realization of acoustic microwaves devices (ultrasound) based on the propagation of acoustic microwaves. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoelectric%20material" title="piezoelectric material">piezoelectric material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probabilistic%20neural%20network%20%28PNN%29" title=" probabilistic neural network (PNN)"> probabilistic neural network (PNN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20microwaves" title=" acoustic microwaves"> acoustic microwaves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20waves" title=" bulk waves"> bulk waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20attenuation%20coefficient" title=" the attenuation coefficient"> the attenuation coefficient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43264/using-probabilistic-neural-network-pnn-for-extracting-acoustic-microwaves-bulk-acoustic-waves-in-piezoelectric-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28710</span> Numerical Solution of a Mathematical Model of Vortex Using Projection Method: Applications to Tornado Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagdish%20Prasad%20Maurya">Jagdish Prasad Maurya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Kumar%20Pandey"> Sanjay Kumar Pandey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inadequate understanding of the complex nature of flow features in tornado vortex is a major problem in modelling tornadoes. Tornadoes are violent atmospheric phenomenon that appear all over the world. Modelling tornadoes aim to reduce the loss of the human lives and material damage caused by the tornadoes. Dynamics of tornado is investigated by a numerical technique, the improved version of the projection method. In this paper, authors solve the problem for axisymmetric tornado vortex by the said method that uses a finite difference approach for getting an accurate and stable solution. The conclusions drawn are that large radial inflow velocity occurs near the ground that leads to increase the tangential velocity. The increased velocity phenomenon occurs close to the boundary and absolute maximum wind is obtained near the vortex core. The results validate previous numerical and theoretical models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navier-Stokes%20equations" title=" Navier-Stokes equations"> Navier-Stokes equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tornado" title=" tornado"> tornado</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67257/numerical-solution-of-a-mathematical-model-of-vortex-using-projection-method-applications-to-tornado-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28709</span> Evaluation of Geotechnical Parameters at Nubian Habitations in Kurkur Area, Aswan, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20E.%20Fat-Helbary">R. E. Fat-Helbary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Abdel-latief"> A. A. Abdel-latief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Arfa"> M. S. Arfa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20Mostafa"> Alaa Mostafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Egyptian Government proposed a general plan, aiming at constructing new settlements for Nubian in south Aswan in different places around Nasser Lake, one of these settlements in Kurkur area. The Nubian habitations in Wadi Kurkur are located around 30 km southwest of Aswan City. This area are affecting by near distance earthquakes from Kalabsha faults system. The shallow seismic refraction technique was conducted at the study area, to evaluate the soil and rock material quality and geotechnical parameters, in addition to the detection of the subsurface ground model under the study area. The P and S-wave velocities were calculated. The surface layer has P-wave, velocity ranges from 900 m/sec to 1625 m/sec and S-wave velocity ranges from 650 m/sec to 1400 m/sec. On the other hand the bedrock has P-wave velocity ranges from 1300 m/sec to 1980 m/sec and S-wave velocity ranges from 1050 m/sec to1725 m/sec. Measuring Vp and Vs velocities together with bulk density are calculated and used to extract the mechanical properties and geotechnical parameters of the foundation material at the study area. Output of this study is very important for solving the problems, which associated with the construction of various civil engineering purposes, for land use planning and for earthquakes resistant structure design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shallow%20seismic%20refraction%20technique" title="shallow seismic refraction technique">shallow seismic refraction technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kurkur%20area" title=" Kurkur area"> Kurkur area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p%20and%20s-wave%20velocities" title=" p and s-wave velocities"> p and s-wave velocities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotechnical%20parameters" title=" geotechnical parameters"> geotechnical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20density" title=" bulk density"> bulk density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalabsha%20faults" title=" Kalabsha faults"> Kalabsha faults</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35906/evaluation-of-geotechnical-parameters-at-nubian-habitations-in-kurkur-area-aswan-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28708</span> Effects of G-jitter Combined with Heat and Mass Transfer by Mixed Convection MHD Flow of Maxwell Fluid in a Porous Space</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faisal%20Salah">Faisal Salah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20A.%20Aziz"> Z. A. Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20K.%20Viswanathan"> K. K. Viswanathan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, the effects of g-jitter induced and combined with heat and mass transfer by mixed convection of MHD Maxwell fluid in microgravity situation is investigated for a simple system. This system consists of two heated vertical parallel infinite flat plates held at constant but different temperatures and concentrations. By using modified Darcy’s law, the equations governing the flow are modelled. These equations are solved analytically for the induced velocity, temperature and concentration distributions. Many interesting available results in the relevant literature (i.e. Newtonian fluid) is obtained as the special case of the present general analysis. Finally, the graphical results for the velocity profile of the oscillating flow in the channel are presented and discussed for different values of the material constants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=g-jitter" title="g-jitter">g-jitter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20and%20mass%20transfer" title=" heat and mass transfer"> heat and mass transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20convection" title=" mixed convection"> mixed convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxwell%20fluid" title=" Maxwell fluid"> Maxwell fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20medium" title=" porous medium"> porous medium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35825/effects-of-g-jitter-combined-with-heat-and-mass-transfer-by-mixed-convection-mhd-flow-of-maxwell-fluid-in-a-porous-space" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28707</span> Drop Impact Study on Flexible Superhydrophobic Surface Containing Micro-Nano Hierarchical Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abinash%20Tripathy">Abinash Tripathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girish%20Muralidharan"> Girish Muralidharan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amitava%20Pramanik"> Amitava Pramanik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prosenjit%20Sen"> Prosenjit Sen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Superhydrophobic surfaces are abundant in nature. Several surfaces such as wings of butterfly, legs of water strider, feet of gecko and the lotus leaf show extreme water repellence behaviour. Self-cleaning, stain-free fabrics, spill-resistant protective wears, drag reduction in micro-fluidic devices etc. are few applications of superhydrophobic surfaces. In order to design robust superhydrophobic surface, it is important to understand the interaction of water with superhydrophobic surface textures. In this work, we report a simple coating method for creating large-scale flexible superhydrophobic paper surface. The surface consists of multiple layers of silanized zirconia microparticles decorated with zirconia nanoparticles. Water contact angle as high as 159±10 and contact angle hysteresis less than 80 was observed. Drop impact studies on superhydrophobic paper surface were carried out by impinging water droplet and capturing its dynamics through high speed imaging. During the drop impact, the Weber number was varied from 20 to 80 by altering the impact velocity of the drop and the parameters such as contact time, normalized spread diameter were obtained. In contrast to earlier literature reports, we observed contact time to be dependent on impact velocity on superhydrophobic surface. Total contact time was split into two components as spread time and recoil time. The recoil time was found to be dependent on the impact velocity while the spread time on the surface did not show much variation with the impact velocity. Further, normalized spreading parameter was found to increase with increase in impact velocity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20angle" title="contact angle">contact angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20angle%20hysteresis" title=" contact angle hysteresis"> contact angle hysteresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20time" title=" contact time"> contact time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superhydrophobic" title=" superhydrophobic"> superhydrophobic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45602/drop-impact-study-on-flexible-superhydrophobic-surface-containing-micro-nano-hierarchical-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28706</span> Optimization Parameters Using Response Surface Method on Biomechanical Analysis for Malaysian Soccer Players</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20M.%20Ali">M. F. M. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Ismail"> A. R. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20M.%20Deros"> B. M. Deros</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soccer is very popular and ranked as the top sports in the world as well as in Malaysia. Although soccer sport in Malaysia is currently professionalized, but it’s plunging achievements within recent years continue and are not to be proud of. After review, the Malaysian soccer players are still weak in terms of kicking techniques. The instep kick is a technique, which is often used in soccer for the purpose of short passes and making a scoring. This study presents the 3D biomechanics analysis on a soccer player during performing instep kick. This study was conducted to determine the optimization value for approach angle, distance of supporting leg from the ball and ball internal pressure respect to the knee angular velocity of the ball on the kicking leg. Six subjects from different categories using dominant right leg and free from any injury were selected to take part in this study. Subjects were asked to perform one step instep kick according to the setting for the variables with different parameter. Data analysis was performed using 3 Dimensional “Qualisys Track Manager” system and will focused on the bottom of the body from the waist to the ankle. For this purpose, the marker will be attached to the bottom of the body before the kicking is perform by the subjects. Statistical analysis was conducted by using Minitab software using Response Surface Method through Box-Behnken design. The results of this study found the optimization values for all three parameters, namely the approach angle, 53.6º, distance of supporting leg from the ball, 8.84sm and ball internal pressure, 0.9bar with knee angular velocity, 779.27 degrees/sec have been produced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title="biomechanics">biomechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instep%20kick" title=" instep kick"> instep kick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soccer" title=" soccer"> soccer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48364/optimization-parameters-using-response-surface-method-on-biomechanical-analysis-for-malaysian-soccer-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28705</span> The Superhydrophobic Surface Effect on Laminar Boundary Layer Flows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Yung%20Chou">Chia-Yung Chou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Che-Chuan%20Cheng"> Che-Chuan Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin%20Chi%20Hsu"> Chin Chi Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Hui%20Wu"> Chun-Hui Wu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the fluid of boundary layer flow as it flows through the superhydrophobic surface. The superhydrophobic surface will be assembled into an observation channel for fluid experiments. The fluid in the channel will be doped with visual flow field particles, which will then be pumped by the syringe pump and introduced into the experimentally observed channel through the pipeline. Through the polarized light irradiation, the movement of the particles in the channel is captured by a high-speed camera, and the velocity of the particles is analyzed by MATLAB to find out the particle velocity field changes caused on the fluid boundary layer. This study found that the superhydrophobic surface can effectively increase the velocity near the wall surface, and the faster with the flow rate increases. The superhydrophobic surface also had longer the slip length compared with the plan surface. In the calculation of the drag coefficient, the superhydrophobic surface produces a lower drag coefficient, and there is a more significant difference when the Re reduced in the flow field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobic" title="hydrophobic">hydrophobic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer" title=" boundary layer"> boundary layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20length" title=" slip length"> slip length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108729/the-superhydrophobic-surface-effect-on-laminar-boundary-layer-flows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28704</span> Structural Health Monitoring of Buildings–Recorded Data and Wave Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tzong-Ying%20Hao">Tzong-Ying Hao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20T.%20Rahmani"> Mohammad T. Rahmani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents the structural health monitoring (SHM) method based on changes in wave traveling times (wave method) within a layered 1-D shear beam model of structure. The wave method measures the velocity of shear wave propagating in a building from the impulse response functions (IRF) obtained from recorded data at different locations inside the building. If structural damage occurs in a structure, the velocity of wave propagation through it changes. The wave method analysis is performed on the responses of Torre Central building, a 9-story shear wall structure located in Santiago, Chile. Because events of different intensity (ambient vibrations, weak and strong earthquake motions) have been recorded at this building, therefore it can serve as a full-scale benchmark to validate the structural health monitoring method utilized. The analysis of inter-story drifts and the Fourier spectra for the EW and NS motions during 2010 Chile earthquake are presented. The results for the NS motions suggest the coupling of translation and torsion responses. The system frequencies (estimated from the relative displacement response of the 8th-floor with respect to the basement from recorded data) were detected initially decreasing approximately 24% in the EW motion. Near the end of shaking, an increase of about 17% was detected. These analysis and results serve as baseline indicators of the occurrence of structural damage. The detected changes in wave velocities of the shear beam model are consistent with the observed damage. However, the 1-D shear beam model is not sufficient to simulate the coupling of translation and torsion responses in the NS motion. The wave method is proven for actual implementation in structural health monitoring systems based on carefully assessing the resolution and accuracy of the model for its effectiveness on post-earthquake damage detection in buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chile%20earthquake" title="Chile earthquake">Chile earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20detection" title=" damage detection"> damage detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake%20response" title=" earthquake response"> earthquake response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impulse%20response%20function" title=" impulse response function"> impulse response function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20beam%20model" title=" shear beam model"> shear beam model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20health%20monitoring" title=" structural health monitoring"> structural health monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torre%20central%20building" title=" torre central building"> torre central building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20method" title=" wave method"> wave method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27731/structural-health-monitoring-of-buildings-recorded-data-and-wave-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28703</span> Magnetohydrodynamic Flows in a Conduit with Multiple Channels under a Magnetic Field Applied Perpendicular to the Plane of Flow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Luo">Yang Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Nyung%20Kim"> Chang Nyung Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study numerically analyzes a steady-state, three-dimensional liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic flows in a conduit with multiple channels under a uniform magnetic field. The geometry of the conduit is of a four-parallel-channels system including one inflow channel and three outflow channels. The liquid-metal flows in the inflow channel, then turns 1800 in the transition segment, finally flows into three different outflow channels simultaneously. This kind of channel system can induce counter flow and co-flow, which is rarely investigated before. The axial velocity in the side layer near the first partitioning wall, which is located between the inflow channel and the first outflow channel, is the highest. ‘M-shaped’ velocity profiles are obtained in the side layers of the inflow and outflow channels. The interdependency of the current, fluid velocity, pressure, electric potential is examined in order to describe the electromagnetic characteristics of the liquid-metal flows. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-metal" title="liquid-metal">liquid-metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20channels" title=" multiple channels"> multiple channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetohydrodynamic" title=" magnetohydrodynamic"> magnetohydrodynamic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25440/magnetohydrodynamic-flows-in-a-conduit-with-multiple-channels-under-a-magnetic-field-applied-perpendicular-to-the-plane-of-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28702</span> Finite Element Modeling of Ultrasonic Shot Peening Process using Multiple Pin Impacts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao-xun%20Liu">Chao-xun Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi-hong%20Lu"> Shi-hong Lu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In spite of its importance to the aerospace and automobile industries, little or no attention has been devoted to the accurate modeling of the ultrasonic shot peening (USP) process. It is therefore the purpose of this study to conduct finite element analysis of the process using a realistic multiple pin impacts model with the explicit solver of ABAQUS. In this paper, we research the effect of several key parameters on the residual stress distribution within the target, including impact velocity, incident angle, friction coefficient between pins and target and impact number of times were investigated. The results reveal that the impact velocity and impact number of times have obvious effect and impacting vertically could produce the most perfect residual stress distribution. Then we compare the results with the date in USP experiment and verify the exactness of the model. The analysis of the multiple pin impacts date reveal the relationships between peening process parameters and peening quality, which are useful for identifying the parameters which need to be controlled and regulated in order to produce a more beneficial compressive residual stress distribution within the target. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20shot%20peening" title="ultrasonic shot peening">ultrasonic shot peening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title=" finite element"> finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20pins" title=" multiple pins"> multiple pins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6476/finite-element-modeling-of-ultrasonic-shot-peening-process-using-multiple-pin-impacts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28701</span> On the Internal Structure of the ‘Enigmatic Electrons’</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natarajan%20Tirupattur%20Srinivasan">Natarajan Tirupattur Srinivasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantum mechanics( QM) and (special) relativity (SR) have indeed revolutionized the very thinking of physicists, and the spectacular successes achieved over a century due to these two theories are mind-boggling. However, there is still a strong disquiet among some physicists. While the mathematical structure of these two theories has been established beyond any doubt, their physical interpretations are still being contested by many. Even after a hundred years of their existence, we cannot answer a very simple question, “What is an electron”? Physicists are struggling even now to come to grips with the different interpretations of quantum mechanics with all their ramifications. However, it is indeed strange that the (special) relativity theory of Einstein enjoys many orders of magnitude of “acceptance”, though both theories have their own stocks of weirdness in the results, like time dilation, mass increase with velocity, the collapse of the wave function, quantum jump, tunnelling, etc. Here, in this paper, it would be shown that by postulating an intrinsic internal motion to these enigmatic electrons, one can build a fairly consistent picture of reality, revealing a very simple picture of nature. This is also evidenced by Schrodinger’s ‘Zitterbewegung’ motion, about which so much has been written. This leads to a helical trajectory of electrons when they move in a laboratory frame. It will be shown that the helix is a three-dimensional wave having all the characteristics of our familiar 2D wave. Again, the helix, being a geodesic on an imaginary cylinder, supports ‘quantization’, and its representation is just the complex exponentials matching with the wave function of quantum mechanics. By postulating the instantaneous velocity of the electrons to be always ‘c’, the velocity of light, the entire relativity comes alive, and we can interpret the ‘time dilation’, ‘mass increase with velocity’, etc., in a very simple way. Thus, this model unifies both QM and SR without the need for a counterintuitive postulate of Einstein about the constancy of the velocity of light for all inertial observers. After all, if the motion of an inertial frame cannot affect the velocity of light, the converse that this constant also cannot affect the events in the frame must be true. But entire relativity is about how ‘c’ affects time, length, mass, etc., in different frames. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20reconstruction" title="quantum reconstruction">quantum reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20theory%20of%20relativity" title=" special theory of relativity"> special theory of relativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20mechanics" title=" quantum mechanics"> quantum mechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zitterbewegung" title=" zitterbewegung"> zitterbewegung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20wave%20function" title=" complex wave function"> complex wave function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helix" title=" helix"> helix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geodesic" title=" geodesic"> geodesic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schrodinger%E2%80%99s%20wave%20equations" title=" Schrodinger’s wave equations"> Schrodinger’s wave equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171323/on-the-internal-structure-of-the-enigmatic-electrons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28700</span> Comparative Analysis of Water-Based Alumina Nanoparticles with Water-Based Cupric Nanoparticles Past an Exponentially Accelerated Vertical Radiative Riga Plate with Heat Transfer </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanayo%20Kenneth%20Asogwa">Kanayo Kenneth Asogwa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of the flow of nanoparticles in nanofluids across a vertical surface is significant, and its application in medical sciences, engineering, pharmaceutical, and food industries is enormous & widely published. However, the comparative examination of alumina nanoparticles with cupric nanoparticles past a rapid progressive Riga plate remains unknown. Thus, this report investigates water-based alumina and cupric nanoparticles passing through an exponentially accelerated Riga plate. Nanofluids containing copper (II) oxide (CuO) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles are considered. The Laplace transform technique is used to solve the partial differential equations guiding the flow. The effect of various factors on skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, velocity and temperature profiles is investigated and reported in tabular and graphical form. The upsurge of Modified Hartmann number and radiative impact improves copper (II) oxide nanofluid compared to aluminum oxide nanofluid due to Lorentz force and since CuO is a better heat conductor. At the same time, heat absorption and reactive species favor a slight decline in Alumina nanofluid than Cupric nanofluid in the thermal and velocity fields. The higher density of Cupric nanofluid is enhanced by increasing nanoparticle volume fraction over Alumina nanofluid with a decline in velocity distribution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alumina" title="alumina">alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cupric" title=" cupric"> cupric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-based" title=" water-based"> water-based</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138387/comparative-analysis-of-water-based-alumina-nanoparticles-with-water-based-cupric-nanoparticles-past-an-exponentially-accelerated-vertical-radiative-riga-plate-with-heat-transfer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28699</span> The Effects of High Velocity Low Amplitude Thrust Manipulation versus Low Velocity Low Amplitude Mobilization in Treatment of Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20R.%20Z.%20Baghdadi">Ahmed R. Z. Baghdadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20M.%20I.%20Hamoda"> Ibrahim M. I. Hamoda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C2%A0Mona%20H.%20Gamal%20Eldein"> Mona H. Gamal Eldein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Magdy%20Elnaggar"> Ibrahim Magdy Elnaggar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: High-velocity low amplitude thrust (HVLAT) manipulation and low-velocity low amplitude (LVLA) mobilization are an effective treatment for low back pain (LBP). Purpose: This study compared the effects of HVLAT versus LVLA on pain, functional deficits and segmental mobility in treatment of chronic mechanical LBP. Methods: Ninety patients suffering from chronic mechanical LBP are classified to three groups; Thirty patients treated by HVLAT (group I), thirty patients treated by LVLA (group II) and thirty patients as control group (group III) participated in the study. The mean age was 28.00±2.92, 27.83±2.28 and 28.07±3.05 years and BMI 27.98±2.60, 28.80±2.40 and 28.70±2.53 kg/m2 for group I, II and III respectively. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire and modified schoper test were used for assessment. Assessments were conducted two weeks before and after treatment with the control group being assessed at the same time intervals. The treatment program group one was two weeks single session per week, and for group II two sessions per week for two weeks. Results: The One-way ANOVA revealed that group I had significantly lower pain scores and Oswestry score compared with group II two weeks after treatment. Moreover, the mobility in modified schoper increased significantly and the pain scores and Oswestry scores decreased significantly after treatment in group I and II compared with control group. Interpretation/Conclusion: HVLAT is preferable to LVLA mobilization, possibly due to a beneficial neurophysiological effect by Stimulating mechanically sensitive neurons in the lumbar facet joint capsule. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20back%20pain" title="low back pain">low back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manipulation" title=" manipulation"> manipulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobilization" title=" mobilization"> mobilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20velocity" title=" low velocity"> low velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20449/the-effects-of-high-velocity-low-amplitude-thrust-manipulation-versus-low-velocity-low-amplitude-mobilization-in-treatment-of-chronic-mechanical-low-back-pain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">602</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28698</span> Environmental Analysis of Urban Communities: A Case Study of Air Pollutant Distribution in Smouha Arteries, Alexandria Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sammar%20Zain%20Allam">Sammar Zain Allam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart Growth, intelligent cities, and healthy cities cited by WHO world health organization; they all call for clean air and minimizing air pollutants considering human health. Air quality is a thriving matter to achieve ecological cities; towards sustainable environmental development of urban fabric design. Selection criteria depends on the strategic location of our area as it is located at the entry of the city of Alexandria from its agricultural road. Besides, it represents the city center for retail, business, and educational amenities. Our study is analyzing readings of definite factors affecting air quality in a centric area in Alexandria. Our readings will be compared to standard measures of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, suspended particles, and air velocity or air flow. Carbon emissions are pondered in our study, in addition to suspended particles and the air velocity or air flow. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide crystalize the main elements to necessitate environmental and sustainable studies with the appearance of global warming and the glass house effect. Nevertheless, particulate matters are increasing causing breath issues especially to children and elder people; still threatening future generations to meet their own needs; sustainable development definition. Analysis of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, suspended particles together with air velocity or air flow has taken place in our area of study to manifest the relationship between these elements and the urban fabric design and land use distribution. For conclusion, dense urban fabric affecting air flow, and thus result in the concentration of air pollutants in certain zones. The appearance of open space with green areas allow the fading of air pollutants and help in their absorption. Along with dense urban fabric, high rise buildings trap air carriers which contribute to high readings of our elements. Also, street design may facilitate the circulation of air which helps carrying these pollutant away and distribute it to a wider space which decreases its harms and effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20emissions" title="carbon emissions">carbon emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality%20measurements" title=" air quality measurements"> air quality measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arteries%20air%20quality" title=" arteries air quality"> arteries air quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=airflow%20or%20air%20velocity" title=" airflow or air velocity"> airflow or air velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particulate%20matter" title=" particulate matter"> particulate matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20air" title=" clean air"> clean air</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20density" title=" urban density"> urban density</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23776/environmental-analysis-of-urban-communities-a-case-study-of-air-pollutant-distribution-in-smouha-arteries-alexandria-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23776.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28697</span> Image-Based UAV Vertical Distance and Velocity Estimation Algorithm during the Vertical Landing Phase Using Low-Resolution Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed-Yaser%20Nabavi-Chashmi">Seyed-Yaser Nabavi-Chashmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davood%20Asadi"> Davood Asadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Ahmadi"> Karim Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eren%20Demir"> Eren Demir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The landing phase of a UAV is very critical as there are many uncertainties in this phase, which can easily entail a hard landing or even a crash. In this paper, the estimation of relative distance and velocity to the ground, as one of the most important processes during the landing phase, is studied. Using accurate measurement sensors as an alternative approach can be very expensive for sensors like LIDAR, or with a limited operational range, for sensors like ultrasonic sensors. Additionally, absolute positioning systems like GPS or IMU cannot provide distance to the ground independently. The focus of this paper is to determine whether we can measure the relative distance and velocity of UAV and ground in the landing phase using just low-resolution images taken by a monocular camera. The Lucas-Konda feature detection technique is employed to extract the most suitable feature in a series of images taken during the UAV landing. Two different approaches based on Extended Kalman Filters (EKF) have been proposed, and their performance in estimation of the relative distance and velocity are compared. The first approach uses the kinematics of the UAV as the process and the calculated optical flow as the measurement; On the other hand, the second approach uses the feature’s projection on the camera plane (pixel position) as the measurement while employing both the kinematics of the UAV and the dynamics of variation of projected point as the process to estimate both relative distance and relative velocity. To verify the results, a sequence of low-quality images taken by a camera that is moving on a specifically developed testbed has been used to compare the performance of the proposed algorithm. The case studies show that the quality of images results in considerable noise, which reduces the performance of the first approach. On the other hand, using the projected feature position is much less sensitive to the noise and estimates the distance and velocity with relatively high accuracy. This approach also can be used to predict the future projected feature position, which can drastically decrease the computational workload, as an important criterion for real-time applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=altitude%20estimation" title="altitude estimation">altitude estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drone" title=" drone"> drone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trajectory%20planning" title=" trajectory planning"> trajectory planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147377/image-based-uav-vertical-distance-and-velocity-estimation-algorithm-during-the-vertical-landing-phase-using-low-resolution-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28696</span> Application of Seismic Refraction Method in Geotechnical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdalla%20Mohamed%20M.%20Musbahi">Abdalla Mohamed M. Musbahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study area lies in Al-Falah area on Airport-Tripoli in Zone (16) Where planned establishment of complex multi-floors for residential and commercial, this part was divided into seven subzone. In each sup zone, were collected Orthogonal profiles by using Seismic refraction method. The overall aim with this project is to investigate the applicability of Seismic refraction method is a commonly used traditional geophysical technique to determine depth-to-bedrock, competence of bedrock, depth to the water table, or depth to other seismic velocity boundaries The purpose of the work is to make engineers and decision makers recognize the importance of planning and execution of a pre-investigation program including geophysics and in particular seismic refraction method. The overall aim with this thesis is achieved by evaluation of seismic refraction method in different scales, determine the depth and velocity of the base layer (bed-rock). Calculate the elastic property in each layer in the region by using the Seismic refraction method. The orthogonal profiles was carried out in every subzones of (zone 16). The layout of the seismic refraction set up is schematically, the geophones are placed on the linear imaginary line whit a 5 m spacing, the three shot points (in beginning of layout–mid and end of layout) was used, in order to generate the P and S waves. The 1st and last shot point is placed about 5 meters from the geophones and the middle shot point is put in between 12th to 13th geophone, from time-distance curve the P and S waves was calculated and the thickness was estimated up to three-layers. As we know any change in values of physical properties of medium (shear modulus, bulk modulus, density) leads to change waves velocity which passing through medium where any change in properties of rocks cause change in velocity of waves. because the change in properties of rocks cause change in parameters of medium density (ρ), bulk modulus (κ), shear modulus (μ). Therefore, the velocity of waves which travel in rocks have close relationship with these parameters. Therefore we can estimate theses parameters by knowing primary and secondary velocity (p-wave, s-wave). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=application%20of%20seismic" title="application of seismic">application of seismic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotechnical%20study" title=" geotechnical study"> geotechnical study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20properties" title=" physical properties"> physical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20refraction" title=" seismic refraction "> seismic refraction </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23904/application-of-seismic-refraction-method-in-geotechnical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28695</span> Enhancing Fracture Toughness of CF/PAEK Laminates for High-Velocity Impact Applications: An Experimental Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johannes%20Keil">Johannes Keil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Mischorr"> Eric Mischorr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veit%20W%C3%BCrfel"> Veit Würfel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Cond%C3%A9-Wolter"> Jan Condé-Wolter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Liebsch"> Alexander Liebsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maik%20Gude"> Maik Gude</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the aviation sector wastewater pipes are subjected to many different mechanical and medial loads. Worst-case scenarios include high-velocity impacts resulting from the introduction of foreign objects into the system. The industry is seeking to reduce the weight of these pipes, which are currently manufactured from titanium. A promising alternative is the use of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP), specifically carbon fiber (CF) reinforced polyaryletherketone (PAEK) laminates. This study employs an experimental methodology to investigate the impact resistance of CF/PAEK laminates, with a particular focus on three configurations: crimp, non-crimp, and interleaved matrix rich films in cross-ply laminates. High-velocity impacts were performed using a gas gun resulting in three-dimensional damage patterns. Afterwards the damage behavior was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using ultrasonic scans and computed tomography (CT). Samples with an interleaved matrix-rich film led to a reduction of the damage area by around 40% compared to the non-interleaved, non-crimp samples, while the crimp architecture resulted in a reduction of more than 60%. Therefore, these findings contribute to understanding the influence of laminate architecture on impact resistance, paving the way for more efficient materials in aviation applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20toughness" title="fracture toughness">fracture toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-velocity-impact" title=" high-velocity-impact"> high-velocity-impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile%20architecture" title=" textile architecture"> textile architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoplastic%20composites" title=" thermoplastic composites"> thermoplastic composites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192076/enhancing-fracture-toughness-of-cfpaek-laminates-for-high-velocity-impact-applications-an-experimental-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28694</span> Increment of Panel Flutter Margin Using Adaptive Stiffeners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Raja">S. Raja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Parammasivam"> K. M. Parammasivam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Aghilesh"> V. Aghilesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fluid-structure interaction is a crucial consideration in the design of many engineering systems such as flight vehicles and bridges. Aircraft lifting surfaces and turbine blades can fail due to oscillations caused by fluid-structure interaction. Hence, it is focussed to study the fluid-structure interaction in the present research. First, the effect of free vibration over the panel is studied. It is well known that the deformation of a panel and flow induced forces affects one another. The selected panel has a span 300mm, chord 300mm and thickness 2 mm. The project is to study, the effect of cross-sectional area and the stiffener location is carried out for the same panel. The stiffener spacing is varied along both the chordwise and span-wise direction. Then for that optimal location the ideal stiffener length is identified. The effect of stiffener cross-section shapes (T, I, Hat, Z) over flutter velocity has been conducted. The flutter velocities of the selected panel with two rectangular stiffeners of cantilever configuration are estimated using MSC NASTRAN software package. As the flow passes over the panel, deformation takes place which further changes the flow structure over it. With increasing velocity, the deformation goes on increasing, but the stiffness of the system tries to dampen the excitation and maintain equilibrium. But beyond a critical velocity, the system damping suddenly becomes ineffective, so it loses its equilibrium. This estimated in NASTRAN using PK method. The first 10 modal frequencies of a simple panel and stiffened panel are estimated numerically and are validated with open literature. A grid independence study is also carried out and the modal frequency values remain the same for element lengths less than 20 mm. The current investigation concludes that the span-wise stiffener placement is more effective than the chord-wise placement. The maximum flutter velocity achieved for chord-wise placement is 204 m/s while for a span-wise arrangement it is augmented to 963 m/s for the stiffeners location of ¼ and ¾ of the chord from the panel edge (50% of chord from either side of the mid-chord line). The flutter velocity is directly proportional to the stiffener cross-sectional area. A significant increment in flutter velocity from 218m/s to 1024m/s is observed for the stiffener lengths varying from 50% to 60% of the span. The maximum flutter velocity above Mach 3 is achieved. It is also observed that for a stiffened panel, the full effect of stiffener can be achieved only when the stiffener end is clamped. Stiffeners with Z cross section incremented the flutter velocity from 142m/s (Panel with no stiffener) to 328 m/s, which is 2.3 times that of simple panel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffener%20placement" title="stiffener placement">stiffener placement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffener%20cross-sectional%20area" title=" stiffener cross-sectional area"> stiffener cross-sectional area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffener%20length" title=" stiffener length"> stiffener length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffener%20cross%20sectional%20area%20shape" title=" stiffener cross sectional area shape"> stiffener cross sectional area shape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52356/increment-of-panel-flutter-margin-using-adaptive-stiffeners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28693</span> Friction and Wear Characteristics of Pongamia Oil Based Blended Lubricant at Different Load and Sliding Distance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yashvir%20Singh">Yashvir Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Around the globe, there is demand for the development of bio-based lubricant which will be biodegradable, non -toxic and environmental friendly. This paper outlines the friction and wear characteristics of Pongamia oil (PO) contaminated bio-lubricant by using pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, PO was blended in the ratios 15, 30 and 50% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20 W 40. Tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and loads applied were 50, 100, 150 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication while the main wear mechanisms were abrasive and the adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 15% PO, and above this contamination, the wear rate was increased considerably. With increase in load, viscosity of all the bio-lubricants increases and meets the ISO VG 100 requirement at 40 <sup>o</sup>C except PB 50. The addition of PO in the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive which reduced the friction and wear scar diameter during the test. It has been concluded that the PB 15 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute in reduction of dependence on the petroleum based products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title="friction">friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load" title=" load"> load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pongamia%20oil" title=" pongamia oil"> pongamia oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20velocity" title="sliding velocity">sliding velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37839/friction-and-wear-characteristics-of-pongamia-oil-based-blended-lubricant-at-different-load-and-sliding-distance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28692</span> Experimental and Computational Investigations of Baffle Position Effects on ‎the Performance of Oil and Water Separator Tanks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitham%20A.%20Hussein">Haitham A. Hussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rozi%20Abdullah%E2%80%8F%E2%80%8E"> Rozi Abdullah‏‎</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Azlin%20Md%20Said%20%E2%80%8E"> Md Azlin Md Said ‎</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gravity separator tanks are used to separate oil from water in treatment units. Achieving the best flow ‎uniformity in a separator tank will improve the maximum removal efficiency of oil globules from water. ‎In this study, the effect on hydraulic performance of different baffle structure positions inside a tank ‎was investigated. Experimental data and 2D computation fluid dynamics were used for analysis. In the ‎numerical model, two-phase flow (drift flux model) was used to validate one-phase flow. For ‎laboratory measurements, the velocity fields were measured using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. The ‎measurements were compared with the result of the computational model. The results of the ‎experimental and computational simulations indicate that the best location of a baffle structure is ‎achieved when the standard deviation of the velocity profile and the volume of the circulation zone ‎inside the tank are minimized.‎ <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20separator%20tanks" title="gravity separator tanks">gravity separator tanks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baffle%20position" title=" baffle position"> baffle position</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20phase%20flow" title=" two phase flow"> two phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADV" title=" ADV"> ADV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20droplet" title=" oil droplet"> oil droplet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13318/experimental-and-computational-investigations-of-baffle-position-effects-on-the-performance-of-oil-and-water-separator-tanks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13318.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20analysis&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20analysis&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20analysis&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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