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field</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: velocity field"> <meta name="keywords" content="velocity field"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="velocity field"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9586</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: velocity field</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9586</span> Measurements of Radial Velocity in Fixed Fluidized Bed for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Using LDV</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaolai%20Zhang">Xiaolai Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiwen%20Sun"> Qiwen Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weixin%20Qian"> Weixin Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process use fixed fluidized bed as a reactor. In order to understand the flow behavior in the fluidized bed better, the research of how the radial velocity affect the entire flow field is necessary. Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) was used to study the radial velocity distribution along the diameter direction of the cross-section of the particle in a fixed fluidized bed. The velocity in the cross-section is fluctuating within a small range. The direction of the speed is a random phenomenon. In addition to r/R is 1, the axial velocity are more than 6 times of the radial velocity, the radial velocity has little impact on the axial velocity in a fixed fluidized bed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fischer-Tropsch%20synthesis" title="Fischer-Tropsch synthesis">Fischer-Tropsch synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fixed%20fluidized%20bed" title=" Fixed fluidized bed"> Fixed fluidized bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDV" title=" LDV"> LDV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Velocity" title=" Velocity"> Velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24993/measurements-of-radial-velocity-in-fixed-fluidized-bed-for-fischer-tropsch-synthesis-using-ldv" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24993.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9585</span> Numerical Investigation of Pressure and Velocity Field Contours of Dynamics of Drop Formation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pardeep%20Bishnoi">Pardeep Bishnoi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayank%20Srivastava"> Mayank Srivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrityunjay%20Kumar%20Sinha"> Mrityunjay Kumar Sinha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article represents the numerical investigation of the pressure and velocity field variation of the dynamics of pendant drop formation through a capillary tube. Numerical simulations are executed using volume of fluid (VOF) method in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this problem, Non Newtonian fluid is considered as dispersed fluid whereas air is considered as a continuous fluid. Pressure contours at various time steps expose that pressure varies nearly hydrostatically at each step of the dynamics of drop formation. A result also shows the pressure variation of the liquid droplet during free fall in the computational domain. The evacuation of the fluid from the necking region is also shown by the contour of the velocity field. The role of surface tension in the Pressure contour of the dynamics of drop formation is also studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20contour" title="pressure contour">pressure contour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20tension" title=" surface tension"> surface tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20of%20fluid" title=" volume of fluid"> volume of fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20field" title=" velocity field"> velocity field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56670/numerical-investigation-of-pressure-and-velocity-field-contours-of-dynamics-of-drop-formation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9584</span> Relationship between Blow Count Number (N) and Shear Wave Velocity (Vs30) from the Specified Embankment Material: A Case Study on Three Selected Earthen Dams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanapon%20Suklim">Tanapon Suklim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prachaya%20Intaphrom"> Prachaya Intaphrom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noppadol%20Poomvises"> Noppadol Poomvises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anchalee%20Kongsuk"> Anchalee Kongsuk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between shear wave velocity (Vs30) and blow count Number from Standard Penetration Tests (NSPT) was investigated on specified embankment dam to find the solution which can be used to estimate the value of N. Shear wave velocity, Vs30 and blow count number, NSPT were performed at three specified dam sites. At each site, Vs30 measurement was recorded by using seismic survey of MASW technique and NSPT were measured by field Standard Penetration Test. Regression analysis was used to derive statistical relation. The relation is giving a final solution to applicable calculated N-value with other earthen dam. Dam engineer can use the statistical relation to convert field Vs30 to estimated N-value instead of absolute N-value from field Standard Penetration Test. It can be noted that the formulae can be applied only in the earthen dam of specified material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blow%20count%20number" title="blow count number">blow count number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthen%20dam" title=" earthen dam"> earthen dam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embankment" title=" embankment"> embankment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62428/relationship-between-blow-count-number-n-and-shear-wave-velocity-vs30-from-the-specified-embankment-material-a-case-study-on-three-selected-earthen-dams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9583</span> The Evaluation of Soil Liquefaction Potential Using Shear Wave Velocity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nghizaderokni">M. Nghizaderokni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Janalizadechobbasty"> A. Janalizadechobbasty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Azizi"> M. Azizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Naghizaderokni"> M. Naghizaderokni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The liquefaction resistance of soils can be evaluated using laboratory tests such as cyclic simple shear, cyclic triaxial, cyclic tensional shear, and field methods such as Standard Penetration Test (SPT), Cone Penetration Test (CPT), and Shear Wave Velocity (Vs). This paper outlines a great correlation between shear wave velocity and standard penetration resistance of granular soils was obtained. Using Seeds standard penetration test (SPT) based soil liquefaction charts, new charts of soil liquefaction evaluation based on shear wave velocity data were developed for various magnitude earthquakes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title="soil">soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquefaction" title=" liquefaction"> liquefaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20penetration%20resistance" title=" standard penetration resistance "> standard penetration resistance </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28944/the-evaluation-of-soil-liquefaction-potential-using-shear-wave-velocity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9582</span> Investigation of Axisymmetric Bimetallic Tube Extrusion with Conic Die</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Eghbali">A. Eghbali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Goodarzi"> M. Goodarzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hagh%20Panahi"> M. Hagh Panahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article process of direct extrusion of axisymmetric bimetallic tube with conic die profile and constant Mandrel by upper bound method has been analyzed and finite element method is simulated. Deformation area is divided into six smaller deformation areas and are calculated by presenting two generalized velocity field and applicable input and output sections separately (velocity profile with logarithmic curve for input section and spherical velocity profile for materials output ) for each die profile in spherical coordinate system strain rate values in every deformation area. After internal power, shearing power and material friction power is obtained, extrusion force is calculated. The results of upper bound analysis method with given results from other researcher's experiments and simulation by finite parts method (Abaqus software) are compared for conic die. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrusion" title="extrusion">extrusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20bound" title=" upper bound"> upper bound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axisy%20metric" title=" axisy metric"> axisy metric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformation%20velocity%20field" title=" deformation velocity field"> deformation velocity field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34856/investigation-of-axisymmetric-bimetallic-tube-extrusion-with-conic-die" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9581</span> Experimental Procedure of Identifying Ground Type by Downhole Test: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Abolhassan%20Naeini">Seyed Abolhassan Naeini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maedeh%20Akhavan%20Tavakkoli"> Maedeh Akhavan Tavakkoli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Evaluating the shear wave velocity (V_s) and primary wave velocity (Vₚ) is necessary to identify the ground type of the site. Identifying the soil type based on different codes can affect the dynamic analysis of geotechnical properties. This study aims to separate the underground layers at the project site based on the shear wave and primary wave velocity (Sₚ) in different depths and determine dynamic elastic modulus based on the shear wave velocity. Bandar Anzali is located in a tectonically very active area. Several active faults surround the study site. In this case, a field investigation of downhole testing is conducted as a geophysics method to identify the ground type. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downhole" title="downhole">downhole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geophysics" title=" geophysics"> geophysics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case-study" title=" case-study"> case-study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155639/experimental-procedure-of-identifying-ground-type-by-downhole-test-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9580</span> The Superhydrophobic Surface Effect on Laminar Boundary Layer Flows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Yung%20Chou">Chia-Yung Chou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Che-Chuan%20Cheng"> Che-Chuan Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin%20Chi%20Hsu"> Chin Chi Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Hui%20Wu"> Chun-Hui Wu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the fluid of boundary layer flow as it flows through the superhydrophobic surface. The superhydrophobic surface will be assembled into an observation channel for fluid experiments. The fluid in the channel will be doped with visual flow field particles, which will then be pumped by the syringe pump and introduced into the experimentally observed channel through the pipeline. Through the polarized light irradiation, the movement of the particles in the channel is captured by a high-speed camera, and the velocity of the particles is analyzed by MATLAB to find out the particle velocity field changes caused on the fluid boundary layer. This study found that the superhydrophobic surface can effectively increase the velocity near the wall surface, and the faster with the flow rate increases. The superhydrophobic surface also had longer the slip length compared with the plan surface. In the calculation of the drag coefficient, the superhydrophobic surface produces a lower drag coefficient, and there is a more significant difference when the Re reduced in the flow field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobic" title="hydrophobic">hydrophobic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer" title=" boundary layer"> boundary layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20length" title=" slip length"> slip length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108729/the-superhydrophobic-surface-effect-on-laminar-boundary-layer-flows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9579</span> Magnetohydrodynamic Flows in a Conduit with Multiple Channels under a Magnetic Field Applied Perpendicular to the Plane of Flow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Luo">Yang Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Nyung%20Kim"> Chang Nyung Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study numerically analyzes a steady-state, three-dimensional liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic flows in a conduit with multiple channels under a uniform magnetic field. The geometry of the conduit is of a four-parallel-channels system including one inflow channel and three outflow channels. The liquid-metal flows in the inflow channel, then turns 1800 in the transition segment, finally flows into three different outflow channels simultaneously. This kind of channel system can induce counter flow and co-flow, which is rarely investigated before. The axial velocity in the side layer near the first partitioning wall, which is located between the inflow channel and the first outflow channel, is the highest. ‘M-shaped’ velocity profiles are obtained in the side layers of the inflow and outflow channels. The interdependency of the current, fluid velocity, pressure, electric potential is examined in order to describe the electromagnetic characteristics of the liquid-metal flows. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-metal" title="liquid-metal">liquid-metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20channels" title=" multiple channels"> multiple channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetohydrodynamic" title=" magnetohydrodynamic"> magnetohydrodynamic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25440/magnetohydrodynamic-flows-in-a-conduit-with-multiple-channels-under-a-magnetic-field-applied-perpendicular-to-the-plane-of-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9578</span> Computational Study of Passive Scalar Diffusion of a Counterflowing round Jet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amani%20Amamou">Amani Amamou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabra%20Habli"> Sabra Habli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nejla%20Mahjoub%20Sa%C3%AFd"> Nejla Mahjoub Saïd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georges%20Le%20Palec"> Georges Le Palec</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Round jets have been widely studied due to their important application in industry. Many configurations of round jet were encountered in literature as free jet, co-flow jet, couterflowing jet and cross flow jet. In this paper, we are concerned with turbulent round jet in uniform counterflow stream which is known to enhance mixing and dispersion efficiency owing to flow reversal. This type of flow configuration is a typical application in environmental engineering such as the disposal of wastewater into seas or rivers. A computational study of a turbulent circular jet discharging into a uniform counterflow is conducted in order to investigate the characteristics of the diffusion field of the jet effluent. The investigation is carried out for three different cases of jet-to-current velocity ratios; low, medium and high velocity ratios. The Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) is used in the comparison with available experimental measurements. The decay of the center line velocity and the dynamic proprieties of the flow together with the centerline dilution of the passive scalar and the other characteristics of the concentration field are computationally analyzed in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Counterflow%20stream" title="Counterflow stream">Counterflow stream</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jet" title=" jet"> jet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity" title=" velocity"> velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration" title=" concentration"> concentration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17299/computational-study-of-passive-scalar-diffusion-of-a-counterflowing-round-jet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9577</span> Velocity Distribution in Open Channels with Sand: An Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Keramaris">E. Keramaris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, laboratory experiments in open channel flows over a sand bed were conducted. A porous bed (sand bed) with porosity of ε=0.70 and porous thickness of s΄=3 cm was tested. Vertical distributions of velocity were evaluated by using a two-dimensional (2D) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Velocity profiles are measured above the impermeable bed and above the sand bed for the same different total water heights (h= 6, 8, 10 and 12 cm) and for the same slope S=1.5. Measurements of mean velocity indicate the effects of the bed material used (sand bed) on the flow characteristics (Velocity distribution and Reynolds number) in comparison with those above the impermeable bed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20image%20velocimetry" title="particle image velocimetry">particle image velocimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand%20bed" title=" sand bed"> sand bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20distribution" title=" velocity distribution"> velocity distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reynolds%20number" title=" Reynolds number"> Reynolds number</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46893/velocity-distribution-in-open-channels-with-sand-an-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9576</span> Heat Transfer Enhancement by Turbulent Impinging Jet with Jet's Velocity Field Excitations Using OpenFOAM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naseem%20Uddin">Naseem Uddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Impinging jets are used in variety of engineering and industrial applications. This paper is based on numerical simulations of heat transfer by turbulent impinging jet with velocity field excitations using different Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations models. Also Detached Eddy Simulations are conducted to investigate the differences in the prediction capabilities of these two simulation approaches. In this paper the excited jet is simulated in non-commercial CFD code OpenFOAM with the goal to understand the influence of dynamics of impinging jet on heat transfer. The jet’s frequencies are altered keeping in view the preferred mode of the jet. The Reynolds number based on mean velocity and diameter is 23,000 and jet’s outlet-to-target wall distance is 2. It is found that heat transfer at the target wall can be influenced by judicious selection of amplitude and frequencies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excitation" title="excitation">excitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impinging%20jet" title=" impinging jet"> impinging jet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20frequency" title=" natural frequency"> natural frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence%20models" title=" turbulence models"> turbulence models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59849/heat-transfer-enhancement-by-turbulent-impinging-jet-with-jets-velocity-field-excitations-using-openfoam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9575</span> Optimization Analysis of a Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger with Field Synergy Principle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20C.%20Lin">M. C. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20W.%20Su"> C. W. Su</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper investigates the optimization analysis to the heat exchanger design, mainly with response surface method and genetic algorithm to explore the relationship between optimal fluid flow velocity and temperature of the heat exchanger using field synergy principle. First, finite volume method is proposed to calculate the flow temperature and flow rate distribution for numerical analysis. We identify the most suitable simulation equations by response surface methodology. Furthermore, a genetic algorithm approach is applied to optimize the relationship between fluid flow velocity and flow temperature of the heat exchanger. The results show that the field synergy angle plays vital role in the performance of a true heat exchanger. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20analysis" title="optimization analysis">optimization analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20synergy" title=" field synergy"> field synergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50449/optimization-analysis-of-a-concentric-tube-heat-exchanger-with-field-synergy-principle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9574</span> Transient Modeling of Velocity Profile and Heat Transfer of Electrohydrodynamically Augmented Micro Heat Pipe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Shokouhmand">H. Shokouhmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tajerian"> M. Tajerian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At this paper velocity profile modeling and heat transfer in the micro heat pipes by using electrohydrodynamic (EHD) field at the transient regime have been studied. In the transient flow, one dimensional and two phase fluid flow and heat transfer for micro heat pipes with square cross section, have been studied. At this model Coulomb and dielectrophoretic forces are considered. Coupled, non-linear equations governed on the model (continuity, momentum, and energy equations) have been solved simultaneously by numerical methods. Transient behavior of affecting parameters e.g. substrate temperature, velocity of coolant liquid, radius of curvature and coolant liquid pressure, has been verified. By obtaining and plotting the mentioned parameters, it has been shown that the EHD field enhances the heat transfer process. So, the time required to reach the steady state regime decreases from 16 seconds to 2.4 seconds after applying EHD field. Another result has been observed implicitly that by increasing the heat input the effect of EHD field became more significant. The numerical results of model predict the experimental results available in the literature successfully, and it has been observed there is a good agreement between them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20heat%20pipe" title="micro heat pipe">micro heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20modeling" title=" transient modeling"> transient modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrohydrodynamics" title=" electrohydrodynamics"> electrohydrodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary" title=" capillary"> capillary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meniscus" title=" meniscus"> meniscus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72051/transient-modeling-of-velocity-profile-and-heat-transfer-of-electrohydrodynamically-augmented-micro-heat-pipe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9573</span> Use of Statistical Correlations for the Estimation of Shear Wave Velocity from Standard Penetration Test-N-Values: Case Study of Algiers Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soumia%20Merat">Soumia Merat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lynda%20Djerbal"> Lynda Djerbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramdane%20Bahar"> Ramdane Bahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Amin%20Benbouras"> Mohammed Amin Benbouras</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Along with shear wave, many soil parameters are associated with the standard penetration test (SPT) as a dynamic in situ experiment. Both SPT-N data and geophysical data do not often exist in the same area. Statistical analysis of correlation between these parameters is an alternate method to estimate Vₛ conveniently and without additional investigations or data acquisition. Shear wave velocity is a basic engineering tool required to define dynamic properties of soils. In many instances, engineers opt for empirical correlations between shear wave velocity (Vₛ) and reliable static field test data like standard penetration test (SPT) N value, CPT (Cone Penetration Test) values, etc., to estimate shear wave velocity or dynamic soil parameters. The relation between Vs and SPT- N values of Algiers area is predicted using the collected data, and it is also compared with the previously suggested formulas of Vₛ determination by measuring Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of each model. Algiers area is situated in high seismic zone (Zone III [RPA 2003: réglement parasismique algerien]), therefore the study is important for this region. The principal aim of this paper is to compare the field measurements of Down-hole test and the empirical models to show which one of these proposed formulas are applicable to predict and deduce shear wave velocity values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20models" title="empirical models">empirical models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RMSE" title=" RMSE"> RMSE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20penetration%20test" title=" standard penetration test"> standard penetration test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77386/use-of-statistical-correlations-for-the-estimation-of-shear-wave-velocity-from-standard-penetration-test-n-values-case-study-of-algiers-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77386.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9572</span> Analysis of High-Velocity Impacts on Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o">Conceição</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20F.%20M."> J. F. M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebelo%20H."> Rebelo H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Corneliu%20C."> Corneliu C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pereira%20L."> Pereira L.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research analyses the response of two distinct types of concrete blocks, each possessing an approximate unconfined compressive strength of 30MPa, when exposed to high-velocity impacts produced by an Explosively Formed Penetrator (EFP) traveling at an initial velocity of 1200 m/s. Given the scarcity of studies exploring high-velocity impacts on concrete, the primary aim of this research is to scrutinize how concrete behaves under high-speed impacts, ultimately contributing valuable insights to the development of protective structures. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive numerical analysis was carried out in LS-DYNA to delve into the fracture mechanisms inherent in concrete under such extreme conditions. Subsequently, the obtained numerical outcomes were compared and validated through eight experimental field tests. The methodology employed involved a robust combination of numerical simulations and real-world experiments, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of concrete behavior in scenarios involving rapid, high-energy impacts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-velocity" title="high-velocity">high-velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact" title=" impact"> impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title=" numerical analysis"> numerical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20tests" title=" experimental tests"> experimental tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180950/analysis-of-high-velocity-impacts-on-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9571</span> Re-Evaluation of Field X Located in Northern Lake Albert Basin to Refine the Structural Interpretation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Calorine%20Twebaze">Calorine Twebaze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jesca%20Balinga"> Jesca Balinga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Field X is located on the Eastern shores of L. Albert, Uganda, on the rift flank where the gross sedimentary fill is typically less than 2,000m. The field was discovered in 2006 and encountered about 20.4m of net pay across three (3) stratigraphic intervals within the discovery well. The field covers an area of 3 km2, with the structural configuration comprising a 3-way dip-closed hanging wall anticline that seals against the basement to the southeast along the bounding fault. Field X had been mapped on reprocessed 3D seismic data, which was originally acquired in 2007 and reprocessed in 2013. The seismic data quality is good across the field, and reprocessing work reduced the uncertainty in the location of the bounding fault and enhanced the lateral continuity of reservoir reflectors. The current study was a re-evaluation of Field X to refine fault interpretation and understand the structural uncertainties associated with the field. The seismic data, and three (3) wells datasets were used during the study. The evaluation followed standard workflows using Petrel software and structural attribute analysis. The process spanned from seismic- -well tie, structural interpretation, and structural uncertainty analysis. Analysis of three (3) well ties generated for the 3 wells provided a geophysical interpretation that was consistent with geological picks. The generated time-depth curves showed a general increase in velocity with burial depth. However, separation in curve trends observed below 1100m was mainly attributed to minimal lateral variation in velocity between the wells. In addition to Attribute analysis, three velocity modeling approaches were evaluated, including the Time-Depth Curve, Vo+ kZ, and Average Velocity Method. The generated models were calibrated at well locations using well tops to obtain the best velocity model for Field X. The Time-depth method resulted in more reliable depth surfaces with good structural coherence between the TWT and depth maps with minimal error at well locations of 2 to 5m. Both the NNE-SSW rift border fault and minor faults in the existing interpretation were reevaluated. However, the new interpretation delineated an E-W trending fault in the northern part of the field that had not been interpreted before. The fault was interpreted at all stratigraphic levels and thus propagates from the basement to the surface and is an active fault today. It was also noted that the entire field is less faulted with more faults in the deeper part of the field. The major structural uncertainties defined included 1) The time horizons due to reduced data quality, especially in the deeper parts of the structure, an error equal to one-third of the reflection time thickness was assumed, 2) Check shot analysis showed varying velocities within the wells thus varying depth values for each well, and 3) Very few average velocity points due to limited wells produced a pessimistic average Velocity model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20seismic%20data%20interpretation" title="3D seismic data interpretation">3D seismic data interpretation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20uncertainties" title=" structural uncertainties"> structural uncertainties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attribute%20analysis" title=" attribute analysis"> attribute analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20modelling%20approaches" title=" velocity modelling approaches"> velocity modelling approaches</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184066/re-evaluation-of-field-x-located-in-northern-lake-albert-basin-to-refine-the-structural-interpretation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9570</span> Use of Dendrochronology in Estimation of Creep Velocity and Its Dependence on the Bulk Density of Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Amjad%20Sabir">Mohammad Amjad Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishtiaq%20Khan"> Ishtiaq Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Ali"> Shahid Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umar%20Shabbir"> Umar Shabbir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aneel%20Ahmad"> Aneel Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Creep, being the main silt contributor to the rivers, is a slow, downhill flow of soils. The creep velocity is measured in millimeters to a couple of centimeters per year and is determined with the help of tilt caused by creep in the vertical objects and needs at least ten years to get a reliable creep velocity. This project was devised to calculate creep velocity using dendrochronology and looking for the difference of creep velocity registered by different trees on the same slope. It was concluded that dendrochronology provides a very reliable procedure of creep velocity estimation if ‘J’ shaped trees are studied for their horizontal movement and age. The age of these trees was measured using tree coring, and the horizontal movement was measured with a conventional tape. Using this procedure it does not require decades and additionally the data reveals the creep velocity for up to 150 years and even more instead of just a decade. It was also concluded that the creep velocity does not only depend on bulk density of soil hence no pronounced effect of bulk density was detected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep%20velocity" title="creep velocity">creep velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galiyat" title=" Galiyat"> Galiyat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dendrochronology" title=" dendrochronology"> dendrochronology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagri%20Bala" title=" Nagri Bala"> Nagri Bala</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100711/use-of-dendrochronology-in-estimation-of-creep-velocity-and-its-dependence-on-the-bulk-density-of-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9569</span> An Improvement of a Dynamic Model of the Secondary Sedimentation Tank and Field Validation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahir%20Bakiri">Zahir Bakiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saci%20Nacefa"> Saci Nacefa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper a comparison in made between two models, with and without dispersion term, and focused on the characterization of the movement of the sludge blanket in the secondary sedimentation tank using the solid flux theory and the velocity settling. This allowed us develop a one-dimensional models, with and without dispersion based on a thorough experimental study carried out in situ and the application of online data which are the mass load flow, transfer concentration, and influent characteristic. On the other hand, in the proposed model, the new settling velocity law (double-exponential function) used is based on the Vesilind function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title="wastewater">wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20sludge" title=" activated sludge"> activated sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sedimentation" title=" sedimentation"> sedimentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settling%20velocity" title=" settling velocity"> settling velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settling%20models" title=" settling models"> settling models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23073/an-improvement-of-a-dynamic-model-of-the-secondary-sedimentation-tank-and-field-validation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23073.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9568</span> PIV Measurements of the Instantaneous Velocities for Single and Two-Phase Flows in an Annular Duct</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marlon%20M.%20Hern%C3%A1ndez%20Cely">Marlon M. Hernández Cely</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20E.%20C.%20Baptistella"> Victor E. C. Baptistella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oscar%20M.%20H.%20Rodr%C3%ADguez"> Oscar M. H. Rodríguez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is a well-established technique in the field of fluid flow measurement and provides instantaneous velocity fields over global domains. It has been applied to external and internal flows and in single and two-phase flows. Regarding internal flow, works about the application of PIV in annular ducts are scanty. An experimental work is presented, where flow of water is studied in an annular duct of inner diameter of 60 mm and outer diameter of 155 mm and 10.5-m length, with the goal of obtaining detailed velocity measurements. Depending on the flow rates of water, it can be laminar, transitional or turbulent. In this study, the water flow rate was kept at three different values for the annular duct, allowing the analysis of one laminar and two turbulent flows. Velocity fields and statistic quantities of the turbulent flow were calculated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PIV" title="PIV">PIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annular%20duct" title=" annular duct"> annular duct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminar" title=" laminar"> laminar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20profile" title=" velocity profile"> velocity profile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61021/piv-measurements-of-the-instantaneous-velocities-for-single-and-two-phase-flows-in-an-annular-duct" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9567</span> Cold Model Experimental Research on Particle Velocity Distribution in Gas-Solid Circulating Fluidized Bed for Methanol-To-Olefins Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongzheng%20Li">Yongzheng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongfang%20Ma"> Hongfang Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiwen%20Sun"> Qiwen Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radial profiles of particle velocities were investigated in a 6.1 m tall methanol-to-olefins cold model experimental device using a TSI laser Doppler velocimeter. The measurement of axial levels was conducted in the full developed region. The effect of axial level on flow development was not obvious under the same operating condition. Superficial gas velocity and solid circulating rate had significant influence on particle velocity in the center region of the riser. Besides, comparisons between upward, downward and average particle velocity were conducted. The average particle velocity was close to upward velocity and higher than downward velocity in radial locations except the wall region of riser. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circulating%20fluidized%20bed" title="circulating fluidized bed">circulating fluidized bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20doppler%20velocimeter" title=" laser doppler velocimeter"> laser doppler velocimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20velocity" title=" particle velocity"> particle velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20profile" title=" radial profile"> radial profile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25000/cold-model-experimental-research-on-particle-velocity-distribution-in-gas-solid-circulating-fluidized-bed-for-methanol-to-olefins-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9566</span> Estimation of Shear Wave Velocity from Cone Penetration Test for Structured Busan Clays</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinod%20K.%20Singh">Vinod K. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20G.%20Chung"> S. G. Chung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The degree of structuration of Busan clays at the mouth of Nakdong River mouth was highly influenced by the depositional environment, i.e., flow of the river stream, marine regression, and transgression during the sedimentation process. As a result, the geotechnical properties also varies along the depth with change in degree of structuration. Thus, the in-situ tests such as cone penetration test (CPT) could not be used to predict various geotechnical properties properly by using the conventional empirical methods. In this paper, the shear wave velocity (Vs) was measured from the field using the seismic dilatometer. The Vs was also measured in the laboratory from high quality undisturbed and remolded samples using bender element method to evaluate the degree of structuration. The degree of structuration was quantitatively defined by the modulus ratio of undisturbed to remolded soil samples which is found well correlated with the normalized void ratio (e0/eL) where eL is the void ratio at the liquid limit. It is revealed that the empirical method based on laboratory results incorporating e0/eL can predict Vs from the field more accurately. Thereafter, the CPT based empirical method was developed to estimate the shear wave velocity taking the effect of structuration in the consideration. The developed method was found to predict shear wave velocity reasonably for Busan clays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20of%20structuration" title="level of structuration">level of structuration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20modulus" title=" normalized modulus"> normalized modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20void%20ratio" title=" normalized void ratio"> normalized void ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site%20characterization" title=" site characterization"> site characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80527/estimation-of-shear-wave-velocity-from-cone-penetration-test-for-structured-busan-clays" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80527.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9565</span> Experimental Study of Unconfined and Confined Isothermal Swirling Jets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Sharma">Rohit Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabio%20Cozzi"> Fabio Cozzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A 3C-2D PIV technique was applied to investigate the swirling flow generated by an axial plus tangential type swirl generator. This work is focused on the near-exit region of an isothermal swirling jet to characterize the effect of swirl on the flow field and to identify the large coherent structures both in unconfined and confined conditions for geometrical swirl number, S<sub>g </sub>= 4.6. Effects of the Reynolds number on the flow structure were also studied. The experimental results show significant effects of the confinement on the mean velocity fields and its fluctuations. The size of the recirculation zone was significantly enlarged upon confinement compared to the free swirling jet. Increasing in the Reynolds number further enhanced the recirculation zone. The frequency characteristics have been measured with a capacitive microphone which indicates the presence of periodic oscillation related to the existence of precessing vortex core, PVC. Proper orthogonal decomposition of the jet velocity field was carried out, enabling the identification of coherent structures. The time coefficients of the first two most energetic POD modes were used to reconstruct the phase-averaged velocity field of the oscillatory motion in the swirling flow. The instantaneous minima of negative swirl strength values calculated from the instantaneous velocity field revealed the presence of two helical structures located in the inner and outer shear layers and this structure fade out at an axial location of approximately z/D = 1.5 for unconfined case and z/D = 1.2 for confined case. By phase averaging the instantaneous swirling strength maps, the 3D helical vortex structure was reconstructed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20probes" title="acoustic probes">acoustic probes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3C-2D%20particle%20image%20velocimetry%20%28PIV%29" title=" 3C-2D particle image velocimetry (PIV)"> 3C-2D particle image velocimetry (PIV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precessing%20vortex%20core%20%28PVC%29" title=" precessing vortex core (PVC)"> precessing vortex core (PVC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recirculation%20zone%20%28RZ%29" title=" recirculation zone (RZ)"> recirculation zone (RZ)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65660/experimental-study-of-unconfined-and-confined-isothermal-swirling-jets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9564</span> Control of a Plane Jet Spread by Tabs at the Nozzle Exit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makito%20Sakai">Makito Sakai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takahiro%20Kiwata"> Takahiro Kiwata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takumi%20Awa"> Takumi Awa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroshi%20Teramoto"> Hiroshi Teramoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takaaki%20Kono"> Takaaki Kono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuniaki%20Toyoda"> Kuniaki Toyoda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using experimental and numerical results, this paper describes the effects of tabs on the flow characteristics of a plane jet at comparatively low Reynolds numbers while focusing on the velocity field and the vortical structure. The flow visualization and velocity measurements were respectively carried out using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and particle image velocimetry (PIV). In addition, three-dimensional (3D) plane jet numerical simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent, a commercially available computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software application. We found that the spreads of jets perturbed by large delta tabs and round tabs were larger than those produced by the other tabs tested. Additionally, it was determined that a plane jet with square tabs had the smallest jet spread downstream, and the jet’s centerline velocity was larger than those of jets perturbed by the other tabs tested. It was also observed that the spanwise vortical structure of a plane jet with tabs disappeared completely. Good agreement was found between the experimental and numerical simulation velocity profiles in the area near the nozzle exit when the laminar flow model was used. However, we also found that large eddy simulation (LES) is better at predicting the developing flow field of a plane jet than the laminar and the standard k-ε turbulent models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plane%20jet" title="plane jet">plane jet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20control" title=" flow control"> flow control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tab" title=" tab"> tab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20measurement" title=" flow measurement"> flow measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54632/control-of-a-plane-jet-spread-by-tabs-at-the-nozzle-exit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9563</span> Despiking of Turbulent Flow Data in Gravel Bed Stream </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ratul%20Das">Ratul Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present experimental study insights the decontamination of instantaneous velocity fluctuations captured by Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) in gravel-bed streams to ascertain near-bed turbulence for low Reynolds number. The interference between incidental and reflected pulses produce spikes in the ADV data especially in the near-bed flow zone and therefore filtering the data are very essential. Nortek’s Vectrino four-receiver ADV probe was used to capture the instantaneous three-dimensional velocity fluctuations over a non-cohesive bed. A spike removal algorithm based on the acceleration threshold method was applied to note the bed roughness and its influence on velocity fluctuations and velocity power spectra in the carrier fluid. The velocity power spectra of despiked signals with a best combination of velocity threshold (VT) and acceleration threshold (AT) are proposed which ascertained velocity power spectra a satisfactory fit with the Kolmogorov “–5/3 scaling-law” in the inertial sub-range. Also, velocity distributions below the roughness crest level fairly follows a third-degree polynomial series. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20doppler%20velocimeter" title="acoustic doppler velocimeter">acoustic doppler velocimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravel-bed" title=" gravel-bed"> gravel-bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spike%20removal" title=" spike removal"> spike removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reynolds%20shear%20stress" title=" reynolds shear stress"> reynolds shear stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near-bed%20turbulence" title=" near-bed turbulence"> near-bed turbulence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20power%20spectra" title=" velocity power spectra"> velocity power spectra</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47047/despiking-of-turbulent-flow-data-in-gravel-bed-stream" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9562</span> 1D Velocity Model for the Gobi-Altai Region from Local Earthquakes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dolgormaa%20Munkhbaatar">Dolgormaa Munkhbaatar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munkhsaikhan%20%20Adiya"> Munkhsaikhan Adiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tseedulam%20Khuut"> Tseedulam Khuut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We performed an inversion method to determine the 1D-velocity model with station corrections of the Gobi-Altai area in the southern part of Mongolia using earthquake data collected in the National Data Center during the last 10 years. In this study, the concept of the new 1D model has been employed to minimize the average RMS of a set of well-located earthquakes, recorded at permanent (between 2006 and 2016) and temporary seismic stations (between 2014 and 2016), compute solutions for the coupled hypocenter and 1D velocity model. We selected 4800 events with RMS less than 0.5 seconds and with a maximum GAP of 170 degrees and determined velocity structures. Also, we relocated all possible events located in the Gobi-Altai area using the new 1D velocity model and achieved constrained hypocentral determinations for events within this area. We concluded that the estimated new 1D velocity model is a relatively low range compared to the previous velocity model in a significant improvement intend to, and the quality of the information basis for future research center locations to determine the earthquake epicenter area with this new transmission model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1D%20velocity%20model" title="1D velocity model">1D velocity model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relocation" title=" relocation"> relocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Velest" title=" Velest"> Velest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121020/1d-velocity-model-for-the-gobi-altai-region-from-local-earthquakes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9561</span> A Refined Nonlocal Strain Gradient Theory for Assessing Scaling-Dependent Vibration Behavior of Microbeams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaobai%20Li">Xiaobai Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Li"> Li Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yujin%20Hu"> Yujin Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiming%20Deng"> Weiming Deng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhe%20Ding"> Zhe Ding</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A size-dependent Euler–Bernoulli beam model, which accounts for nonlocal stress field, strain gradient field and higher order inertia force field, is derived based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory considering velocity gradient effect. The governing equations and boundary conditions are derived both in dimensional and dimensionless form by employed the Hamilton principle. The analytical solutions based on different continuum theories are compared. The effect of higher order inertia terms is extremely significant in high frequency range. It is found that there exists an asymptotic frequency for the proposed beam model, while for the nonlocal strain gradient theory the solutions diverge. The effect of strain gradient field in thickness direction is significant in low frequencies domain and it cannot be neglected when the material strain length scale parameter is considerable with beam thickness. The influence of each of three size effect parameters on the natural frequencies are investigated. The natural frequencies increase with the increasing material strain gradient length scale parameter or decreasing velocity gradient length scale parameter and nonlocal parameter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euler-Bernoulli%20Beams" title="Euler-Bernoulli Beams">Euler-Bernoulli Beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20vibration" title=" free vibration"> free vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20order%20inertia" title=" higher order inertia"> higher order inertia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nonlocal%20Strain%20Gradient%20Theory" title=" Nonlocal Strain Gradient Theory"> Nonlocal Strain Gradient Theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20gradient" title=" velocity gradient"> velocity gradient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60330/a-refined-nonlocal-strain-gradient-theory-for-assessing-scaling-dependent-vibration-behavior-of-microbeams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9560</span> A Particle Image Velocimetric (PIV) Experiment on Simplified Bottom Hole Flow Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heqian%20Zhao">Heqian Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huaizhong%20Shi"> Huaizhong Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhongwei%20Huang"> Zhongwei Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengliang%20Chen"> Zhengliang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziang%20Gu"> Ziang Gu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fei%20Gao"> Fei Gao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydraulics mechanics is significantly important in the drilling process of oil or gas exploration, especially for the drill bit. The fluid flows through the nozzles on the bit and generates a water jet to remove the cutting at the bottom hole. In this paper, a simplified bottom hole model is established. The Particle Image Velocimetric (PIV) is used to capture the flow field of the single nozzle. Due to the limitation of the bottom and wellbore, the potential core is shorter than that of the free water jet. The velocity magnitude rapidly attenuates when fluid close to the bottom is lower than about 5 mm. Besides, a vortex zone appears near the middle of the bottom beside the water jet zone. A modified exponential function can be used to fit the centerline velocity well. On the one hand, the results of this paper can provide verification for the numerical simulation of the bottom hole flow field. On the other hand, it also can provide an experimental basis for the hydraulic design of the drill bit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas" title="oil and gas">oil and gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20mechanic%20of%20drilling" title=" hydraulic mechanic of drilling"> hydraulic mechanic of drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PIV" title=" PIV"> PIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bottom%20hole" title=" bottom hole"> bottom hole</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141552/a-particle-image-velocimetric-piv-experiment-on-simplified-bottom-hole-flow-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9559</span> Experimental Investigation of S822 and S823 Wind Turbine Airfoils Wake</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20B.%20Khoshnevis">Amir B. Khoshnevis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Mirhosseini"> Morteza Mirhosseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper deals with a sub-part of an extensive research program on the wake survey method in various Reynolds numbers and angles of attack. This research experimentally investigates the wake flow characteristics behind S823 and S822 airfoils in which designed for small wind turbines. Velocity measurements determined by using hot-wire anemometer. Data acquired in the wake of the airfoil at locations(c is the chord length): 0.01c - 3c. Reynolds number increased due to increase of free stream velocity. Results showed that mean velocity profiles depend on the angle of attack and location of data collections. Data acquired at the low Reynolds numbers (smaller than 10^5). Effects of Reynolds numbers on the mean velocity profiles are more significant in near locations the trailing edge and these effects decrease by taking distance from trailing edge toward downstream. Mean velocity profiles region increased by increasing the angle of attack, except for 7°, and also the maximum velocity deficit (velocity defect) increased. The difference of mean velocity in and out of the wake decreased by taking distance from trailing edge, and mean velocity profile become wider and more uniform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angle%20of%20attack" title="angle of attack">angle of attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reynolds%20number" title=" Reynolds number"> Reynolds number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20deficit" title=" velocity deficit"> velocity deficit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36863/experimental-investigation-of-s822-and-s823-wind-turbine-airfoils-wake" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9558</span> Design and Optimization of Flow Field for Cavitation Reduction of Valve Sleeves </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal%20Upadhyay">Kamal Upadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhou%20Hua"> Zhou Hua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Rui"> Yu Rui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to improve the streamline linked with the flow field and cavitation on the valve sleeve. We observed that local pressure fluctuation produces a low-pressure zone, central to the formation of vapor volume fraction within the valve chamber led to air-bubbles (or cavities). Thus, it allows simultaneously to a severe negative impact on the inner surface and lifespan of the valve sleeves. Cavitation reduction is a vitally important issue to pressure control valves. The optimization of the flow field is proposed in this paper to reduce the cavitation of valve sleeves. In this method, the inner wall of the valve sleeve is changed from a cylindrical surface to the conical surface, leading to the decline of the fluid flow velocity and the rise of the outlet pressure. Besides, the streamline is distributed inside the sleeve uniformly. Thus, the bubble generation is lessened. The fluid models are built and analysis of flow field distribution, pressure, vapor volume and velocity was carried out using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and numerical technique. The results indicate that this structure can suppress the cavitation of valve sleeves effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=streamline" title="streamline">streamline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavitation" title=" cavitation"> cavitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computational fluid dynamics"> computational fluid dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107922/design-and-optimization-of-flow-field-for-cavitation-reduction-of-valve-sleeves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9557</span> Effect of In-Season Linear Sprint Training on Sprint Kinematics of Amateur Soccer Players</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avinash%20Kharel">Avinash Kharel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: - Linear sprint training is one possible approach to developing sprint performance, a crucial skill to focus on in soccer. Numerous methods, including various on-field training options, can be employed to attain this goal. However, the effect of In-season linear sprint training on sprint performance and related kinetics changes are unknown in a professional setting. The study aimed to investigate the effect of in-season linear sprint training on the sprint kinematics of amateur soccer players. Methods: - After familiarization, a 4-week training protocol was completed with sprint performance and Force Velocity (FV) profiles was compared before and after the training. Eighteen amateur soccer male players (Age 22 ± 2 years: Height: 178 ± 7cm; body-mass: 74 ± 8 Kg, 30-m split-time: 4.398 ± s) participated in the study. Sprint kinematics variables, including maximum Sprint Velocity (V0), Theoretical Maximum Force (F0), Maximum Force Output per kilogram of body weight (N/KG), Maximum Velocity (V(0)), Maximum Power Output (P MAX (W)), Ratio of Force to Velocity (FV), and Ratio of Force to Velocity at Peak power were measured. Results: - Results showed significant improvements in Maximum Sprint Velocity (p<0.01, ES=0.89), Theoretical Maximum Force (p<0.05, ES=0.50), Maximum Force Output per kilogram of body weight (p<0.05, ES=0.42), Maximum Power Output (p<0.05, ES=0.52), and Ratio of Force to Velocity at Peak Power (RF PEAK) (p<0.05, ES=0.44) post-training. There were no significant changes in the ratio of Force to Velocity (FV) and Maximum Velocity V (0) post-training (p>0.05). Conclusion: - These findings suggest that In-season linear sprint training can effectively improve certain sprint kinematics variables in amateur soccer players. Coaches and players should consider incorporating linear sprint training into their in-season training programs to improve sprint performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sprint%20performance" title="sprint performance">sprint performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20intervention" title=" training intervention"> training intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soccer" title=" soccer"> soccer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematics" title=" kinematics"> kinematics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168035/effect-of-in-season-linear-sprint-training-on-sprint-kinematics-of-amateur-soccer-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span 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