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英國外交大臣訪華,恢復緩和中英關係 - 紐約時報中文網

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class="byline-row"><div class="byline-box"><div class="byline"><address>STEPHEN CASTLE</address><time pudate="2024-10-18 01:50:33" datetime="2024-10-18 01:50:33">2024年10月18日</time></div><div class="share-btn"><i class="icon-forward"></i></div></div></div></div><figure class="article-span-photo"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2024/10/17/multimedia/17uk-china-1-jfkw/17uk-china-1-jfkw-master1050.jpg" width="1050" height="700" alt="戴維·拉米上個月在工黨會議上發表講話。「與中國接觸是務實的,對於支持英國和全球利益是必要的,」他在週五訪問北京之前發表的一份聲明中說。"><figcaption><span>戴維·拉米上個月在工黨會議上發表講話。「與中國接觸是務實的,對於支持英國和全球利益是必要的,」他在週五訪問北京之前發表的一份聲明中說。</span> <cite>Oli Scarff/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images</cite></figcaption></figure><div class="row"><div class="article-left"><section class="article-body"><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph"><span>英國外交大臣<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/21/world/europe/david-lammy-interview-obama-trump.html" title="Link: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/21/world/europe/david-lammy-interview-obama-trump.html">戴維·拉米</a>定於週五抵達北京,</span>進行為期兩天的訪問。他此行的目的是在承認兩國在人權和烏克蘭戰爭等問題上存在分歧的同時,恢復及緩和與中國的關係。</div><div class="article-paragraph">拉米將於週五與中國外交部長王毅會面,然後前往上海,與在那裡開展業務的英國商界領袖會面。</div><div class="article-paragraph">在訪問之前,英國政府表示,外交大臣將敦促中國減少向俄羅斯在烏克蘭的戰爭行為提供政治和經濟支持。</div><div class="article-paragraph">「為了支持英國和全球利益,與中國的接觸是務實和必要的,」拉米在抵達中國前發表的講話中說。「從阻止俄羅斯對烏克蘭的非法入侵,到支持全球綠色轉型,我們必須頻繁而坦率地在有爭議領域以及在符合英國國家利益的合作領域發表意見。」</div></div></div><div class="big_ad" id="medium-rectangle-ad-0" data-target="{&quot;pos&quot;:&quot;mid1&quot;,&quot;adv&quot;:&quot;&quot;}"><small>廣告</small></div><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph">英國政府在聲明中表示,它承認雙方「在民主價值觀和自由、香港問題以及支持俄羅斯在烏克蘭的非法戰爭等問題上存在重大分歧」。同時雙方也有「共同利益,包括全球綠色能源轉型,以及與中國的深層經濟聯繫」。</div><div class="article-paragraph">英國官員將此次訪問視為在一系列保守黨政府執政後,英國試圖與中國重新接觸的一次嘗試。在保守黨執政時期,英國的態度出現了幾次急劇變化。</div><div class="article-paragraph">2015年,時任財政大臣、保守黨人喬治·奧斯本呼籲開啟中英合作的「黃金十年」,但在接下來的幾年裡,兩國關係逐漸變得更加敵對。今年早些時候,時任首相蘇納克表示,中國是英國經濟安全「最大的國家威脅」。</div><div class="article-paragraph">在今年7月贏得大選之前,工黨承諾,「在保守黨14年來對華政策的不一致造成損害之後」,它將「以一種長期和戰略性的方式來管理我們的關係」,並表示「我們將在我們能合作的地方合作,在我們需要競爭的地方競爭,在我們必須挑戰的地方挑戰」。</div><div class="article-paragraph"><span>拉米稱自己的外交政策是「<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/21/world/europe/david-lammy-interview-obama-trump.html">進步現實主義</a>」。但批評人士質疑他如何能夠同時與中國進行合作、競爭和挑戰,同時又與美國的對華政策保持一致。</span></div><div class="article-paragraph">在英國國內,拉米面臨著提出中國人權問題的壓力。週三,在繼任者產生之前擔任保守黨領袖的蘇納克呼籲外交大臣利用北京之行譴責中國最近在台灣海峽舉行的軍事演習,並說服北京結束對幾名英國議員的制裁,這些議員曾對中國的人權狀況表示擔憂。</div></div></div><div class="big_ad" id="medium-rectangle-ad-1" data-target="{&quot;pos&quot;:&quot;mid2&quot;,&quot;adv&quot;:&quot;&quot;}"><small>廣告</small></div><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph">斯塔默首相在議會回答蘇納克的問題時說,「在台灣海峽持續的軍事活動不利於和平與穩定,」英國政府還將敦促解除對英國議員的制裁。</div><div class="article-paragraph">「這屆政府顯然有區別於前任領導層做法的政治願望,其機構也有直接接觸的興趣,」倫敦外交政策分析人士索菲亞·加斯頓說。「但我們必須記住,北京為此做了很長時間的準備,並將頑強地追求自己的利益。」</div><div class="article-paragraph">英國新政府可能希望兩國關係的改善能帶來一些經濟利益,有助於刺激國內經濟急需的增長。</div><div class="article-paragraph">本週早些時候,政府表示不打算效仿歐盟對從中國進口的電動汽車徵收關稅。本月早些時候,歐盟決定對中國製造的電動汽車徵收高達45%的進口關稅,原因是歐盟稱中國向製造商提供了補貼。北京否認存在不公平競爭。</div></div><div class="article-body-aside col-lg-3"></div></div></section><footer class="author-info"><p>Stephen Castle是《紐約時報》駐倫敦記者,撰寫有關英國、英國政治以及英國與歐洲關係的文章。<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/stephen-castle">點擊查看更多關於他的信息。</a></p><p>翻譯:紐約時報中文網</p><p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/17/world/europe/david-lammy-uk-china-visit.html">點擊查看本文英文版。</a></p></footer></div></div></article><div class="container article-footer"><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-12 mobile-refer-cont" id="J_hideRefer"></div><div class="col-lg-12"><div class="related hot_article"><h5 class="related-title">最受歡迎</h5><ol 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