BEER | ESS

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href="/science-using-neutrons/chemistry-materials-magnetic-electronic-phenomena" class="dropdown-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/25">Chemistry of Materials, Magnetic & Electronic Phenomena</a> <a href="/science-using-neutrons/engineering-materials-geosciences-archeology-heritage-conservation" class="dropdown-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/41">Engineering Materials, Geosciences, Archeology & Heritage Conservation and Fast Neutron Applications</a> <a href="/science-using-neutrons/life-science-soft-condensed-matter" class="dropdown-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40">Life Science & Soft Condensed Matter</a> <a href="/science-using-neutrons/particle-physics" class="dropdown-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/300">Particle Physics</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="instrument__header-wrapper col-12"> <div class="instrument__header-left"> <h1>BEER</h1> <h3>Engineering Diffractometer</h3> <div><p>The time-of-flight materials engineering diffractometer BEER built by the partners Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon from Germany and the Nuclear Physics Institute, CAS (NPI) from the Czech Republic offers new opportunities for investigation of deformation mechanisms, microstructure evolution and phase transformations in materials developed for high-tech industrial applications <em>in situ</em> under real processing or operating conditions. The high ESS flux combined with the novel beam modulation technique will allow non-destructive mapping of residual strains in construction components with unprecedented speed.</p> </div> <div class="instrument__header-info"> <div class="instrument__info-item"> <h4 class="instrument__info-label">Instrument Class</h4> <div class="instrument__info-divider"></div> <div class="instrument__info-body">Engineering & Imaging</div> </div> <div class="instrument__info-item"> <h4 class="instrument__info-label">Beam Port</h4> <div class="instrument__info-divider"></div> <div class="instrument__info-body">W2</div> </div> <div class="instrument__info-item"> <h4 class="instrument__info-label">Lead Scientist</h4> <div class="instrument__info-divider"></div> <div class="instrument__info-body"><a href="https://europeanspallationsource.se/profile/premek-beran">Premek Beran </a> & Gregor Nowak</div> </div> <div class="instrument__info-item"> <h4 class="instrument__info-label">Lead Engineer</h4> <div class="instrument__info-divider"></div> <div class="instrument__info-body">Bojan Peric & Dirk Jan Seimers</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="instrument__header-right"> <div class="instrument__map"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/images/instruments/2023-12/beer%20copy.svg" alt="" loading="lazy" /> <div class="partners"> <div class="partner-grid__item"> <a class="partner-grid__aligner"> <img class="image" class="partner-grid__image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo/public/images/partner-logo/2023-12/Nuclear_Physics_Institute_of_the_Czech_Academy_of_Sciences_logo.gif?itok=XfSLw_Fp" width="168" height="320" alt="NPI_logo" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="partner-grid__item"> <a class="partner-grid__aligner"> <img class="image" class="partner-grid__image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo/public/images/partner-logo/2024-02/hereon_logo.png?itok=k3CrK1ij" width="208" height="79" alt="hereon" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="instrument__content"> <div class="instrument__content-container container"> <div class="instrument__content-row row"> <div class="instrument__content-wrapper col-sm-12 col-md-10 offset-md-1"><div> <div class="tabs" id="tabs-instruments"> <ul class="tabs__nav"> <li class="tabs__nav-item"><a class="tabs__nav-link" href="#science-case"> Science Case </a></li> <li class="tabs__nav-item"><a class="tabs__nav-link" href="#instrument-description"> Instrument Description </a></li> <li class="tabs__nav-item"><a class="tabs__nav-link" href="#instrument-team"> Instrument Team </a></li> </ul> <div class="tabs__pane" id="science-case"> <p class="lead">The continuous development of advanced structural materials and novel manufacturing processes are key for European manufacturing industry to stay competitive and ensure clean transport and clean energy generation. This includes the development of sustainable material and processing solutions protecting natural resources.</p> <p>For instance, in order to stay competitive, automotive, railway, and aerospace industries require continued development and intelligent use of high-performance materials with the aim of increasing operation safety while reducing fuel consumption and emissions. Structural materials are multiphase and multiscale; they are exposed to extremely complex processing procedures and often operate in highly demanding environments.</p> <div data-embed-button="block_create" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:block_content.full" data-entity-type="block_content" data-entity-uuid="b1121aed-54a1-4a9a-b055-723efb0299e7" class="align-right embedded-entity embedded-block-content embedded-block-content-call-to-action embedded-block-content-call-to-action--full" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]"> <div class="call-to-action call-to-action--"> <p>Read about future science</p> <a href="https://europeanspallationsource.se/publications/future-science/engineering-materials" class="button button--primary">Safer, Lighter and Stronger Engineering Materials</a> </div> </div> <p>Future successful research efforts will require a cradle-to-grave approach, i.e. understanding micro/nanostructure and residual stress evolution during processing and their role in the mechanisms that determine material and component performance. To date, progress has been based on empirical understanding, and component lifing assessments are effectively curve-fitting exercises demanding large safety margins. It is becoming increasingly clear that further progress, and hence keeping a competitive edge, can only be achieved by replacing empirical data with physical and mechanistic understanding. This will ensure the development of both novel and improved uses of existing materials, by employing physically informed analyses on the process and lifing models. BEER will be instrumental in this development, as it will move analytical processing and performance research from post-mortem analysis to yet unparalleled <em>in situ</em> or <em>in operando</em> analysis.</p> <p>Neutron diffraction is already a well-established tool for characterization of engineering materials and components (internal stresses, textures, deformation processes). Moreover, there is a growing materials engineering community using neutron facilities worldwide, which correlates with the development of new engineering beamlines.</p> <p>The main purpose of the BEER diffractometer is, on the one hand, to enable time-resolved <em>in situ</em> and <em>in operando</em> investigations of structural materials during processing and exposure to simulated service environments. On the other hand, the instrument offers the possibilities for state-of-the-art technologies for efficient and precise characterization of residual stresses, crystallographic textures and phase compositions in structural materials.</p> <p>The concept of BEER for ESS is based on a vast improvement in data acquisition times compared to current materials engineering flagship instruments, flexible detector cover and complex environments. It consists mainly in:</p> <ul><li>adopting state-of-the-art technologies for efficient and precise residual stress and microstructure/crystallographic texture characterization of structural materials and</li> <li>developing new strategies for time-resolved <em>in situ</em>/<em>in operando</em> investigations of structural materials during processing and exposure to simulated service environments that become possible with the high intensity at ESS.</li> </ul><p>Thus, new opportunities will be offered to material engineers for following micro- and nanostructures, textures, and internal stresses evolving at industrially relevant temperatures, strain rates, and complex loading conditions to investigate and develop thermomechanical processing procedures as well as deformation mechanisms during service conditions.</p> </div> <div class="tabs__pane" id="instrument-description"> <div data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.panoramic_wide" data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="8020cb40-8aba-44ec-a65f-c57c6c4cf843" class="align-center embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--panoramic-wide" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]"> <div class="media media-image media-image--panoramic-wide"> <div class="media__content"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/panoramic_wide/public/images/media/2020-10/ESS_BEER_drawing_neg_Internal%20use%20_%20for%20web%20and%20print.png?itok=Js9wmQu- 1x" media="(min-width: 576px)" type="image/png" width="1920" height="731"></source><img class="image" loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/panoramic_wide/public/images/media/2020-10/ESS_BEER_drawing_neg_Internal%20use%20_%20for%20web%20and%20print.png?itok=Js9wmQu-" width="1920" height="731" alt="Schematic drawing of ESS BEER instrument." /></picture></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>Schematic drawing of ESS BEER instrument.</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> <p class="lead">The instrument BEER will be a 158 m long time-of-flight diffractometer. The basic instrument layout consists of a bi-spectral extraction system after the target monolith which enables the usage of neutrons from the thermal and cold range in the instrument.</p> <p>The choppers within the common bunker allow for the pulse shaping method in the optical blind mode and the new pulse modulation technique. In the latter case, not only one short pulse is extracted from the long ESS pulse but several, leading to a substantial intensity gain of up to an order of magnitude compared to pulse-shaping methods for materials with high crystal symmetry. Additional choppers within the bunker and at about 80 m from the source are used for wavelength frame definition. The neutron transport system consists of straight guide elements in the chopper section followed by expanding and curved guide segments blocking the direct line of sight twice, thus allowing a good signal-to-noise ratio. Divergence slits and an exchangeable focusing guide at the end of the transport guide allow tuning the resolution and intensity to the needs of the experiments. The sample stage surrounded by 2 detectors at ±90° in a distance of 2 m to the sample offer sufficient space for bulky samples and sample environments.</p> <div data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.panoramic_standard" data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="d9c4de3c-76c0-4e09-aea2-b020f419fd15" class="align-center embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--panoramic-standard" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]"> <div class="media media-image media-image--panoramic-standard"> <div class="media__content"> <a href="/sites/default/files/images/media/2017-09/BEER-Fig2-Choppers_0.png"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/panoramic_standard/public/images/media/2017-09/BEER-Fig2-Choppers_0.png?itok=KXwtOwUv 1x" media="(min-width: 576px)" type="image/png" width="1840" height="893"></source><img class="image" loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/panoramic_standard/public/images/media/2017-09/BEER-Fig2-Choppers_0.png?itok=KXwtOwUv" width="1840" height="893" alt="beer choppers" /></picture></a> </div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>Chopper assembly within the bunker. Upgrade options of choppers are shown in transparent.</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> <p class="lead">Sample Environment</p> <p>The day-one sample environment includes a heavy load hexapod with a payload up to 2 t and a six-axis robot with a payload up to 14 kg allowing for automatic sample change and measurements.</p> <p>Together with a stress rig with a max. load of 60 kN quipped with a furnace for temperatures up to 1200°C which allows the <em>in situ</em> treatment of the sampls. Additionally, a dilatometer offers the capability for fast heating (4000K/s) and cooling (2500 K/s) of the sample during compression or tension with a load of max. 25 kN.</p> <div data-embed-button="block_browse" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:block_content.full" data-entity-type="block_content" data-entity-uuid="9152acbf-487f-4b8c-a0ef-4fa08b930ec3" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-block-content embedded-block-content-puff embedded-block-content-puff--full"><div class="puff-grid"><div class="puff-grid-small"> <div class="card card--push"> <div class="card__block"> <h3 class="card__title"><a href="/science-support-systems/premp"> <span>Sample Environment Systems for High Pressure and Mechanical Processing (PREMP)</span> </a></h3> <p class="card__text">Many scientific disciplines require the application of very high and uniform pressure on the sample during the neutron-scattering experiment.</p> <a class="button-link button-link--primary" href="/science-support-systems/premp"> Read More </a> </div> </div> <div class="card card--push"> <div class="card__block"> <h3 class="card__title"><a href="/science-support-systems/tefi"> <span>Sample Environment Systems for Temperature and Fields (TEFI)</span> </a></h3> <p class="card__text">Temperatures close to absolute zero, or magnetic fields hundreds of thousands of times larger than the earth's field are often required for experiments using neutrons.</p> <a class="button-link button-link--primary" href="/science-support-systems/tefi"> Read More </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p> </p> <div class="references"><strong>Publications</strong> <ul><li>Andersen, K. H.<em> </em><em>et al.</em> The instrument suite of the European Spallation Source. <em>Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section a-Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment</em> <strong>957</strong>, 39, doi:10.1016/j.nima.2020.163402 (2020).</li> <li>M. Rouijaa, R. Kampmann, J. Šaroun, J. Fenske, P. Beran, M. Müller, P. Lukáš, A. Schreyer, Beam modulation: A novel ToF-technique for high resolution diffraction at the Beamline for European Materials Engineering Research (BEER), Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 889 (2018) 7–15. doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.12.083.</li> <li>J. Fenske, M. Rouijaa, J. Šaroun, R. Kampmann, P. Staron, G. Nowak, J. Pilch, P. Beran, P. Šittner, P. Strunz, H.-G. Brokmeier, V. Ryukhtin, L. Kadeřávek, M. Strobl, M. Müller, P. Lukáš, A. Schreyer, <em>BEER-The Beamline for European Materials Engineering Research at the ESS,</em> J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. <strong>746</strong> (2016) 012009</li> <li>J. Šaroun, J. Fenske, M. Rouijaa, P. Beran, J. Navrátil, P. Lukáš, A. Schreyer, M. Strobl, <em>Neutron optics concept for the materials engineering diffractometer at the ESS</em>, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. <strong>746</strong> (2016) 012011</li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="tabs__pane" id="instrument-team"> <p><strong>Lead Scientists</strong><br /> Premek Beran - Nuclear Physics Institute, CAS, Czech Republic<br /> Gregor Nowak – Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, Germany</p> <p><strong>Lead Engineers</strong><br /> Bojan Peric - ESS<br /> Dirk Jan Siemers - Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, Germany</p> <p><strong>Engineers</strong><br /> Jörg Burmester - Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, Germany</p> <p><strong>Project Coordinators</strong><br /> Jochen Fenske, Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, Germany<br /> Jan Saroun - Nuclear Physics Institute, CAS, Czech Republic</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="relevant-links"> <div class="relevant-links--instrument"> <h2>Relevant links</h2> <div class="relevant-links--items"> <div class="relevant-links--item"><a href="/science-using-neutrons/engineering-materials-geosciences-archeology-heritage-conservation">Engineering Materials and Geosciences at ESS</a></div> <div class="relevant-links--item"><a href="https://ess-public-legacy.esss.se/sites/default/files/beer_proposal_0.pdf">BEER Proposal 2013</a></div> <div class="relevant-links--item"><a href="https://europeanspallationsource.se/sites/default/files/files/document/2018-08/107770_v11_Proof_ESS_Early_Science_4pp_BEER_DIGITAL.pdf">Safer, Lighter and Stronger Engineering Materials</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="instrument__footer"> <div class="instrument__footer-wrapper container"><section class="views-element-container instrument__related-articles-wrapper"> <h2>Instrument Feature Stories</h2> <div> <div class="instrument__slider-arrow instrument__slider-arrow--left"><i class="icon icon--arrow-right"></i></div> <div class="js-view-dom-id-08a253ae519b1f319d49c11b1b345ac8492fc4b0c07885503858f2a897823da7"> <div class="instrument__related-articles owl-carousel"> <div class="card"> <a 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