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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the television series, see <a href="/wiki/The_Real_Housewives_of_Dallas" title="The Real Housewives of Dallas"><i>The Real Housewives of Dallas</i></a>.</div> <table class="infobox" style="width:26.4em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">RHOD</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Protein_RHOD_PDB_2j1l.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Protein_RHOD_PDB_2j1l.png/250px-Protein_RHOD_PDB_2j1l.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Protein_RHOD_PDB_2j1l.png/500px-Protein_RHOD_PDB_2j1l.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1019" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">Available structures</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit;width:43px"><a href="/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a></th><td colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit">Ortholog search: <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/searchResults.html?display=both&term=P97348%20or%20O00212">PDBe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/search?q=rcsb_polymer_entity_container_identifiers.reference_sequence_identifiers.database_name:UniProt%20AND%20rcsb_polymer_entity_container_identifiers.reference_sequence_identifiers.database_accession:P97348,O00212">RCSB</a> </span></td></tr><tr><td><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr style="text-align:center"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">List of PDB id codes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2J1L">2J1L</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Gene_nomenclature" title="Gene nomenclature">Aliases</a></span></th><td colspan="3" style="background:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/670">RHOD</a></span>, ARHD, RHOHP1, RHOM, Rho, RhoD, ras homolog family member D</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">External IDs</th><td colspan="3" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omim.org/entry/605781">605781</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mouse_Genome_Informatics" title="Mouse Genome Informatics">MGI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:108446">108446</a>; <a href="/wiki/HomoloGene" title="HomoloGene">HomoloGene</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=homologene&dopt=HomoloGene&list_uids=22409">22409</a>; <a href="/wiki/GeneCards" title="GeneCards">GeneCards</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=RHOD">RHOD</a>; <a href="/wiki/Orthologous_MAtrix" title="Orthologous MAtrix">OMA</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omabrowser.org/oma/vps/ENSG00000173156">RHOD - orthologs</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">Gene location (<a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">Human</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 11 (human)"><img alt="Chromosome 11 (human)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/300px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/450px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/600px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="189" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" width="15%" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">Chr.</a></th><td colspan="3" width="85%" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome_11_(human)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromosome 11 (human)">Chromosome 11 (human)</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div align="center"><div style="position: relative; width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 11 (human)"><img alt="Chromosome 11 (human)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/300px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/450px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/600px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><div style="position: absolute; left: 140.62390450138px; top: 2px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for RHOD"><img alt="Genomic location for RHOD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/14px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/21px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/28px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div><div style="position: absolute; left: 146.6px; top: 19px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_rectangle_2x18.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for RHOD"><img alt="Genomic location for RHOD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Red_rectangle_2x18.png" decoding="async" width="2" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2" data-file-height="18" /></a></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2" width="15%" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Locus_(genetics)" title="Locus (genetics)">Band</a></th><td rowspan="2" width="35%" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">11q13.2</span></td><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">Start</th><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">67,056,847 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">End</th><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">67,072,017 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit">Gene location (<a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">Mouse</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 19 (mouse)"><img alt="Chromosome 19 (mouse)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/260px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/390px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/520px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" width="15%" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">Chr.</a></th><td colspan="3" width="85%" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">Chromosome 19 (mouse)<sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div align="center"><div style="position: relative; width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 19 (mouse)"><img alt="Chromosome 19 (mouse)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/300px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/450px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/600px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="231" /></a></span><div style="position: absolute; left: 16.062000081037px; top: 2px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for RHOD"><img alt="Genomic location for RHOD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/14px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/21px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/28px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div><div style="position: absolute; left: 22.1px; top: 19px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_rectangle_2x18.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for RHOD"><img alt="Genomic location for RHOD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Red_rectangle_2x18.png" decoding="async" width="2" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2" data-file-height="18" /></a></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2" width="15%" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Locus_(genetics)" title="Locus (genetics)">Band</a></th><td rowspan="2" width="35%" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">19|19 A</span></td><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">Start</th><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">4,475,487 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">End</th><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks">4,489,460 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Gene_expression" title="Gene expression">RNA expression</a> pattern</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/">Bgee</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th><b><a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">Human</a></b></th><th><b><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">Mouse</a> (ortholog)</b></th></tr><tr><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks" style="margin:-3px"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSG00000173156">Top expressed in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><div class="plainlinks" style="margin:-12px 0px -10px 0px"><ul style="line-height:15%;margin:9px"><li style="line-height: 137%;">pancreatic ductal cell</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">right lobe of liver</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">apex of heart</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">skin of leg</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">skin of abdomen</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">gums</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">gingival epithelium</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">left ventricle</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">skin of thigh</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">amniotic fluid</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks" style="margin:-3px"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSMUSG00000041845">Top expressed in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><div class="plainlinks" style="margin:-12px 0px -10px 0px"><ul style="line-height:15%;margin:9px"><li style="line-height: 137%;">saccule</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">otic placode</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">otic vesicle</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">lip</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">esophagus</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">corneal stroma</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">choroid plexus of fourth ventricle</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">right kidney</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">jejunum</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">duodenum</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSG00000173156">More reference expression data</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biogps.org/">BioGPS</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_RHOD_209885_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PBB_GE_RHOD_209885_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_RHOD_209885_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PBB_GE_RHOD_209885_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_RHOD_209885_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PBB_GE_RHOD_209885_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_RHOD_209885_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_RHOD_31846_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/PBB_GE_RHOD_31846_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_RHOD_31846_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/PBB_GE_RHOD_31846_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_RHOD_31846_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/PBB_GE_RHOD_31846_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_RHOD_31846_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biogps.org/gene/29984/">More reference expression data</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Gene_ontology" class="mw-redirect" title="Gene ontology">Gene ontology</a></th></tr><tr><td style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit;font-weight:bold">Molecular function</td><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000166">nucleotide binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019901">protein kinase binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005525">GTP binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0003924">GTPase activity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit;font-weight:bold">Cellular component</td><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005769">early endosome</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010008">endosome membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005768">endosome</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020">membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005829">cytosol</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005886">plasma membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005622">intracellular anatomical structure</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005737">cytoplasm</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005938">cell cortex</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032153">cell division site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043231">intracellular membrane-bounded organelle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit;font-weight:bold">Biological process</td><td style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045785">positive regulation of cell adhesion</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048041">focal adhesion assembly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0051017">actin filament bundle assembly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000249">regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030335">positive regulation of cell migration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030032">lamellipodium assembly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007266">Rho protein signal transduction</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0051893">regulation of focal adhesion assembly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006605">protein targeting</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0051056">regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007264">small GTPase mediated signal transduction</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007015">actin filament organization</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008360">regulation of cell shape</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016477">cell migration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030334">regulation of cell migration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030950">establishment or maintenance of actin cytoskeleton polarity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032956">regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit;text-align:center">Sources:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/">Amigo</a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/">QuickGO</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table class="collapsible" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#ddd, #404244) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Orthologs" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthologs">Orthologs</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">Species</th><td><b>Human</b></td><td><b>Mouse</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Entrez" title="Entrez">Entrez</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=29984&rn=1">29984</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=11854&rn=1">11854</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Ensembl" class="mw-redirect" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000173156;db=core">ENSG00000173156</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/geneview?gene=ENSMUSG00000041845;db=core">ENSMUSG00000041845</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O00212">O00212</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P97348">P97348</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">RefSeq (mRNA)</th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_014578">NM_014578</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001300886">NM_001300886</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_007485">NM_007485</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001329989">NM_001329989</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">RefSeq (protein)</th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001287815">NP_001287815</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_055393">NP_055393</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001316918">NP_001316918</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_031511">NP_031511</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit">Location (UCSC)</th><td><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&db=hg38&position=chr11:67056847-67072017">Chr 11: 67.06 – 67.07 Mb</a></span></td><td><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Mouse&db=mm0&position=chr19:4475487-4489460">Chr 19: 4.48 – 4.49 Mb</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:light-dark(#c3fdb8, #003500) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a> search</th><td><span class="plainlinks"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td><td><span class="plainlinks"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit"><table style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18039748" class="extiw" title="d:Q18039748">View/Edit Human</a></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:light-dark(#eee, #27292d) !important;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18247817" class="extiw" title="d:Q18247817">View/Edit Mouse</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>RhoD</b> (Ras homolog gene family, member D) is a small (~21 kDa) signaling <a href="/wiki/G_protein" title="G protein">G protein</a> (more specifically a <a href="/wiki/GTPase" title="GTPase">GTPase</a>), and is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Rac_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Rac protein">Rac</a> subfamily of the family <a href="/wiki/Rho_family_of_GTPases" title="Rho family of GTPases">Rho family of GTPases</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ridley_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ridley-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is encoded by the gene <b>RHOD</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-entrezd_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-entrezd-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It binds GTP and is involved in endosome dynamics and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, and it may coordinate membrane transport with the function of the cytoskeleton.<sup id="cite_ref-entrezd_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-entrezd-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interactions">Interactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=RhoD&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Interactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>RhoD has been shown to <a href="/wiki/Protein-protein_interaction" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein-protein interaction">interact</a> with <a href="/wiki/CNKSR1" title="CNKSR1">CNKSR1</a><sup id="cite_ref-pmid14749388_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid14749388-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/DIAPH2" title="DIAPH2">DIAPH2</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid12577064_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid12577064-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=RhoD&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000173156">GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000173156</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ensembl_genome_database_project" title="Ensembl genome database project">Ensembl</a>, May 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSMUSG00000041845">GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000041845</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ensembl_genome_database_project" title="Ensembl genome database project">Ensembl</a>, May 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=29984">"Human PubMed Reference:"</a>. <i>National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Center+for+Biotechnology+Information%2C+U.S.+National+Library+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Human+PubMed+Reference%3A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3Fdb%3Dgene%26cmd%3DLink%26LinkName%3Dgene_pubmed%26from_uid%3D29984&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=11854">"Mouse PubMed Reference:"</a>. <i>National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Center+for+Biotechnology+Information%2C+U.S.+National+Library+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Mouse+PubMed+Reference%3A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3Fdb%3Dgene%26cmd%3DLink%26LinkName%3Dgene_pubmed%26from_uid%3D11854&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ridley-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ridley_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRidley2006" class="citation journal cs1">Ridley AJ (October 2006). "Rho GTPases and actin dynamics in membrane protrusions and vesicle trafficking". <i>Trends in Cell Biology</i>. <b>16</b> (10): <span class="nowrap">522–</span>529. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tcb.2006.08.006">10.1016/j.tcb.2006.08.006</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16949823">16949823</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Cell+Biology&rft.atitle=Rho+GTPases+and+actin+dynamics+in+membrane+protrusions+and+vesicle+trafficking&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E522-%3C%2Fspan%3E529&rft.date=2006-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.tcb.2006.08.006&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16949823&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=AJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-entrezd-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-entrezd_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-entrezd_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=29984">"Entrez Gene: RHOD ras homolog gene family, member D"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Entrez+Gene%3A+RHOD+ras+homolog+gene+family%2C+member+D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3FDb%3Dgene%26Cmd%3DShowDetailView%26TermToSearch%3D29984&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNehruVoytyukLennartssonAspenström2013" class="citation journal cs1">Nehru V, Voytyuk O, Lennartsson J, Aspenström P (December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Ftra.12121">"RhoD binds the Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 and has a role in trafficking of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor"</a>. <i>Traffic</i>. <b>14</b> (12): <span class="nowrap">1242–</span>1254. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Ftra.12121">10.1111/tra.12121</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24102721">24102721</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:3416403">3416403</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Traffic&rft.atitle=RhoD+binds+the+Rab5+effector+Rabankyrin-5+and+has+a+role+in+trafficking+of+the+platelet-derived+growth+factor+receptor&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1242-%3C%2Fspan%3E1254&rft.date=2013-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A3416403%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24102721&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Ftra.12121&rft.aulast=Nehru&rft.aufirst=V&rft.au=Voytyuk%2C+O&rft.au=Lennartsson%2C+J&rft.au=Aspenstr%C3%B6m%2C+P&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Ftra.12121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid14749388-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid14749388_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJaffeAspenströmHall2004" class="citation journal cs1">Jaffe AB, Aspenström P, Hall A (February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC344169">"Human CNK1 acts as a scaffold protein, linking Rho and Ras signal transduction pathways"</a>. <i>Molecular and Cellular Biology</i>. <b>24</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">1736–</span>1746. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2FMCB.24.4.1736-1746.2004">10.1128/MCB.24.4.1736-1746.2004</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC344169">344169</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14749388">14749388</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biology&rft.atitle=Human+CNK1+acts+as+a+scaffold+protein%2C+linking+Rho+and+Ras+signal+transduction+pathways&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1736-%3C%2Fspan%3E1746&rft.date=2004-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC344169%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14749388&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1128%2FMCB.24.4.1736-1746.2004&rft.aulast=Jaffe&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.au=Aspenstr%C3%B6m%2C+P&rft.au=Hall%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC344169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid12577064-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid12577064_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGasmanKalaidzidisZerial2003" class="citation journal cs1">Gasman S, Kalaidzidis Y, Zerial M (March 2003). "RhoD regulates endosome dynamics through Diaphanous-related Formin and Src tyrosine kinase". <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. <b>5</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">195–</span>204. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fncb935">10.1038/ncb935</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12577064">12577064</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17891748">17891748</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Cell+Biology&rft.atitle=RhoD+regulates+endosome+dynamics+through+Diaphanous-related+Formin+and+Src+tyrosine+kinase&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E195-%3C%2Fspan%3E204&rft.date=2003-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A17891748%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12577064&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncb935&rft.aulast=Gasman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Kalaidzidis%2C+Y&rft.au=Zerial%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=RhoD&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRidley2001" class="citation journal cs1">Ridley AJ (May 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1034%2Fj.1600-0854.2001.002005303.x">"Rho proteins: linking signaling with membrane trafficking"</a>. <i>Traffic</i>. <b>2</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">303–</span>310. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1034%2Fj.1600-0854.2001.002005303.x">10.1034/j.1600-0854.2001.002005303.x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11350626">11350626</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:37763952">37763952</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Traffic&rft.atitle=Rho+proteins%3A+linking+signaling+with+membrane+trafficking&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E303-%3C%2Fspan%3E310&rft.date=2001-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A37763952%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11350626&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1034%2Fj.1600-0854.2001.002005303.x&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=AJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1034%252Fj.1600-0854.2001.002005303.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShimizuWatanabeOkunoOmori1997" class="citation journal cs1">Shimizu F, Watanabe TK, Okuno S, Omori Y, Fujiwara T, Takahashi E, Nakamura Y (March 1997). "Isolation of a novel human cDNA (rhoHP1) homologous to rho genes". <i>Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression</i>. <b>1351</b> (<span class="nowrap">1–</span>2): <span class="nowrap">13–</span>16. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0167-4781%2897%2900008-0">10.1016/s0167-4781(97)00008-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9116026">9116026</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+Biophysica+Acta+%28BBA%29+-+Gene+Structure+and+Expression&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+a+novel+human+cDNA+%28rhoHP1%29+homologous+to+rho+genes&rft.volume=1351&rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E13-%3C%2Fspan%3E16&rft.date=1997-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0167-4781%2897%2900008-0&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9116026&rft.aulast=Shimizu&rft.aufirst=F&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+TK&rft.au=Okuno%2C+S&rft.au=Omori%2C+Y&rft.au=Fujiwara%2C+T&rft.au=Takahashi%2C+E&rft.au=Nakamura%2C+Y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKimChoiJungJang2000" class="citation journal cs1">Kim HS, Choi JY, Jung AR, Jang KL, Lee WH, Choi WC, et al. 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"Dual function of rhoD in vesicular movement and cell motility". <i>European Journal of Cell Biology</i>. <b>80</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">391–</span>398. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1078%2F0171-9335-00173">10.1078/0171-9335-00173</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11484930">11484930</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Cell+Biology&rft.atitle=Dual+function+of+rhoD+in+vesicular+movement+and+cell+motility&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E391-%3C%2Fspan%3E398&rft.date=2001-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1078%2F0171-9335-00173&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11484930&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.au=Saffrich%2C+R&rft.au=Olivo-Marin%2C+JC&rft.au=Giner%2C+A&rft.au=Ansorge%2C+W&rft.au=Fotsis%2C+T&rft.au=Zerial%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZanataHovattaRohmPüschel2002" class="citation journal cs1">Zanata SM, Hovatta I, Rohm B, Püschel AW (January 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6758682">"Antagonistic effects of Rnd1 and RhoD GTPases regulate receptor activity in Semaphorin 3A-induced cytoskeletal collapse"</a>. <i>The Journal of Neuroscience</i>. <b>22</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">471–</span>477. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.22-02-00471.2002">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-02-00471.2002</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6758682">6758682</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11784792">11784792</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Antagonistic+effects+of+Rnd1+and+RhoD+GTPases+regulate+receptor+activity+in+Semaphorin+3A-induced+cytoskeletal+collapse&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E471-%3C%2Fspan%3E477&rft.date=2002-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6758682%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11784792&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.22-02-00471.2002&rft.aulast=Zanata&rft.aufirst=SM&rft.au=Hovatta%2C+I&rft.au=Rohm%2C+B&rft.au=P%C3%BCschel%2C+AW&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6758682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGasmanKalaidzidisZerial2003" class="citation journal cs1">Gasman S, Kalaidzidis Y, Zerial M (March 2003). "RhoD regulates endosome dynamics through Diaphanous-related Formin and Src tyrosine kinase". <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. <b>5</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">195–</span>204. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fncb935">10.1038/ncb935</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12577064">12577064</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17891748">17891748</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Cell+Biology&rft.atitle=RhoD+regulates+endosome+dynamics+through+Diaphanous-related+Formin+and+Src+tyrosine+kinase&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E195-%3C%2Fspan%3E204&rft.date=2003-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A17891748%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12577064&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncb935&rft.aulast=Gasman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Kalaidzidis%2C+Y&rft.au=Zerial%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJaffeAspenströmHall2004" class="citation journal cs1">Jaffe AB, Aspenström P, Hall A (February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC344169">"Human CNK1 acts as a scaffold protein, linking Rho and Ras signal transduction pathways"</a>. <i>Molecular and Cellular Biology</i>. <b>24</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">1736–</span>1746. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2FMCB.24.4.1736-1746.2004">10.1128/MCB.24.4.1736-1746.2004</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC344169">344169</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14749388">14749388</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biology&rft.atitle=Human+CNK1+acts+as+a+scaffold+protein%2C+linking+Rho+and+Ras+signal+transduction+pathways&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1736-%3C%2Fspan%3E1746&rft.date=2004-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC344169%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14749388&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1128%2FMCB.24.4.1736-1746.2004&rft.aulast=Jaffe&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.au=Aspenstr%C3%B6m%2C+P&rft.au=Hall%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC344169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARhoD" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFlaxenburgMelterLapchakBriscoe2004" class="citation journal cs1">Flaxenburg JA, Melter M, Lapchak PH, Briscoe DM, Pal S (June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4049%2Fjimmunol.172.12.7503">"The CD40-induced signaling pathway in endothelial cells resulting in the overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor involves Ras and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase"</a>. <i>Journal of Immunology</i>. <b>172</b> (12): <span class="nowrap">7503–</span>7509. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4049%2Fjimmunol.172.12.7503">10.4049/jimmunol.172.12.7503</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15187129">15187129</a>.</cite><span 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pyrophosphatase">Thiamine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apyrase" title="Apyrase">Apyrase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiamine-triphosphatase" title="Thiamine-triphosphatase">Thiamine-triphosphatase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.2" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.2</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adenylylsulfatase" title="Adenylylsulfatase">Adenylylsulfatase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphoadenylylsulfatase" title="Phosphoadenylylsulfatase">Phosphoadenylylsulfatase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.3" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.3</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.4" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">4</a>: <a href="/wiki/ATPase" title="ATPase">ATPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cu++ (3.6.3.4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP7A" title="ATP7A">Menkes/ATP7A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_disease_protein" title="Wilson disease protein">Wilson/ATP7B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calcium_ATPase" title="Calcium ATPase">Ca+</a> (3.6.3.8)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SERCA" title="SERCA">SERCA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A1" title="ATP2A1">ATP2A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A2" title="ATP2A2">ATP2A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2A3" title="ATP2A3">ATP2A3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_membrane_Ca2%2B_ATPase" title="Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase">Plasma membrane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B1" title="ATP2B1">ATP2B1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B2" title="ATP2B2">ATP2B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B3" title="ATP2B3">ATP2B3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP2B4" title="ATP2B4">ATP2B4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretory_Pathway_Ca%C2%B2%E2%81%BA_ATPase" title="Secretory Pathway Ca²⁺ ATPase">SPCA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP2C1" title="ATP2C1">ATP2C1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP2C2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP2C2 (page does not exist)">ATP2C2</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase" class="mw-redirect" title="Na+/K+-ATPase">Na+/K+</a> (3.6.3.9)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATPase,_Na%2B/K%2B_transporting,_alpha_1" title="ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1">ATP1A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A2" title="ATP1A2">ATP1A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A3" title="ATP1A3">ATP1A3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1A4" title="ATP1A4">ATP1A4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B1" title="ATP1B1">ATP1B1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B2 (page does not exist)">ATP1B2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B3" title="ATP1B3">ATP1B3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP1B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP1B4 (page does not exist)">ATP1B4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_potassium_ATPase" title="Hydrogen potassium ATPase">H+/K+</a> (3.6.3.10)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATP4A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATP4A (page does not exist)">ATP4A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/P-type_ATPase" title="P-type ATPase">P-type ATPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATP8B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP8B1">ATP8B1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP10A" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP10A">ATP10A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP11B" title="ATP11B">ATP11B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP12A" title="ATP12A">ATP12A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP13A2" title="ATP13A2">ATP13A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP13A3" title="ATP13A3">ATP13A3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.4</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynein" title="Dynein">Dynein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinesin" title="Kinesin">Kinesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myosin" title="Myosin">Myosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katanin" title="Katanin">Katanin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_3)#3.6.5" title="List of EC numbers (EC 3)">3.6.5</a>: <a href="/wiki/GTPase" title="GTPase">GTPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.1: <a href="/wiki/Heterotrimeric_G_protein" title="Heterotrimeric G protein">Heterotrimeric G protein</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gs_alpha_subunit" title="Gs alpha subunit">G<sub>αs</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olfactory_receptor" title="Olfactory receptor">G<sub>olf</sub></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gi_alpha_subunit" title="Gi alpha subunit">G<sub>αi</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAI1" title="GNAI1">GNAI1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI2" title="GNAI2">GNAI2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAI3" title="GNAI3">GNAI3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transducin" title="Transducin">Transducin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAT1" title="GNAT1">GNAT1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNAT2" title="GNAT2">GNAT2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustducin" title="Gustducin">Gustducin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAT3" title="GNAT3">GNAT3</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gq_alpha_subunit" title="Gq alpha subunit">G<sub>αq/11</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNAQ" title="GNAQ">GNAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA11" title="GNA11">GNA11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G12/G13_alpha_subunits" title="G12/G13 alpha subunits">G<sub>α12/13</sub></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNA12" title="GNA12">GNA12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNA13" title="GNA13">GNA13</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.2: <a href="/wiki/Small_GTPase" title="Small GTPase">Small GTPase</a> > <a href="/wiki/Ras_superfamily" title="Ras superfamily">Ras superfamily</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rho_family_of_GTPases" title="Rho family of GTPases">Rho family of GTPases</a>: <i>Cdc42</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CDC42" title="CDC42">CDC42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC10_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="TC10 protein">TC10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCL_(GTPase)" title="TCL (GTPase)">TCL</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoUV</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrch1" title="Wrch1">RhoU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chp_(GTPase)" title="Chp (GTPase)">RhoV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rac_(GTPase)" title="Rac (GTPase)">Rac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAC1" title="RAC1">Rac1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAC2" title="RAC2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rac3" class="mw-redirect" title="Rac3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoG" title="RhoG">RhoG</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoBTB</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RHOBTB1" title="RHOBTB1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHOBTB2" title="RHOBTB2">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoH" title="RhoH">RhoH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rho_family_of_GTPases" title="Rho family of GTPases">Rho</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RHOA" class="mw-redirect" title="RHOA">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHOB" title="RHOB">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhoC" title="RhoC">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd_(GTPase)" title="Rnd (GTPase)">Rnd</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rnd1" title="Rnd1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd2" title="Rnd2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rnd3" title="Rnd3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>RhoDF</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rif_(GTPase)" title="Rif (GTPase)">RhoF</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">RhoD</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>other: <a href="/wiki/Ras_subfamily" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras subfamily">Ras</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HRAS" title="HRAS">HRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KRAS" title="KRAS">KRAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroblastoma_RAS_viral_oncogene_homolog" title="Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog">NRAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_(G-protein)" title="Rab (G-protein)">Rab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAB23" title="RAB23">RAB23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAB27" title="RAB27">RAB27</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADP_ribosylation_factor" title="ADP ribosylation factor">Arf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARF6" title="ARF6">ARF6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAR1B" class="mw-redirect" title="SAR1B">SAR1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL13B" title="ARL13B">ARL13B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL6" title="ARL6">ARL6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ran_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ran (gene)">Ran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHEB" title="RHEB">Rheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_GTP-binding_protein" title="Rap GTP-binding protein">Rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RRAD_(gene)" title="RRAD (gene)">RGK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.3: <a href="/wiki/Protein-synthesizing_GTPase" title="Protein-synthesizing GTPase">Protein-synthesizing GTPase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prokaryotic_elongation_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="Prokaryotic elongation factors">Prokaryotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prokaryotic_initiation_factor-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Prokaryotic initiation factor-2">IF-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EF-Tu" title="EF-Tu">EF-Tu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EF-G" title="EF-G">EF-G</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eukaryotic_elongation_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryotic elongation factors">Eukaryotic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3.6.5.5-6: <a href="/wiki/Molecular_motor" title="Molecular motor">Polymerization motors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamin_superfamily" title="Dynamin superfamily">dynamin superfamily</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamin" title="Dynamin">Dynamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanylate-binding_protein" title="Guanylate-binding protein">Guanylate-binding protein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitofusin-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitofusin-1 (page does not exist)">Mitofusin-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX1" title="MX1">MX1</a> and <a href="/wiki/MX2" title="MX2">MX2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamin-like_120_kDa_protein" title="Dynamin-like 120 kDa protein">OPA1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubulin" title="Tubulin">Tubulin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1271159938">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+style+.asbox,.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+link+.asbox{margin-top:3em}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DNA_stub.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/DNA_stub.svg/40px-DNA_stub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/DNA_stub.svg/59px-DNA_stub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/DNA_stub.svg/79px-DNA_stub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="621" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">This article on a <a href="/wiki/Gene" 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