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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the member of parliament for Wallingford, and for Cricklade, see <a href="/wiki/William_Lenthall_(died_1702)" title="William Lenthall (died 1702)">William Lenthall (died 1702)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">William Lenthall</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:WilliamLenthall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/WilliamLenthall.jpg/220px-WilliamLenthall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/WilliamLenthall.jpg/330px-WilliamLenthall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/WilliamLenthall.jpg/440px-WilliamLenthall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="879" data-file-height="1117" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />26 December 1659<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 16 March 1660<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data">(<a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(1649%E2%80%931660)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interregnum (1649–1660)">Interregnum</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">William Say (temporary)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Harbottle_Grimston,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Harbottle Grimston, 2nd Baronet">Sir Harbottle Grimston</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 May 1659<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 13 October 1659<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data">(<a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(1649%E2%80%931660)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interregnum (1649–1660)">Interregnum</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bampfylde" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Bampfylde">Thomas Bampfylde</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">William Say <br /> (temporary during Lenthall's illness)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />4 September 1654<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 22 January 1655<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data">(<a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(1649%E2%80%931660)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interregnum (1649–1660)">Interregnum</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rous" title="Francis Rous">The Rev. Francis Rous</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Widdrington" title="Thomas Widdrington">Sir Thomas Widdrington</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />6 August 1647<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 20 April 1653<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> / (<a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(1649%E2%80%931660)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interregnum (1649–1660)">Interregnum</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelham_(Speaker)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Pelham (Speaker)">Henry Pelham</a> (temporary)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rous" title="Francis Rous">The Rev. Francis Rous</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />3 November 1640<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 30 July 1647<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Glanville" title="John Glanville">Sir John Glanville</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelham_(Speaker)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Pelham (Speaker)">Henry Pelham</a><br />(temporary, during Lenthall's abandonment of the Speakership)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Master_of_the_Rolls" title="Master of the Rolls">Master of the Rolls</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1643<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–1660<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> / (<a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(1649%E2%80%931660)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interregnum (1649–1660)">Interregnum</a>)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Commissioner of the Great Seal</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1646<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–1648<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1645<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–1648<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1591<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Henley_on_Thames" class="mw-redirect" title="Henley on Thames">Henley on Thames</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">3 September 1662<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Elizabeth Evans, by 1619<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">at least 2 sons and 2 daughters<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Merton_College,_Oxford#St_Alban_Hall" title="Merton College, Oxford">St Alban Hall</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn" title="Lincoln's Inn">Lincoln's Inn</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>William Lenthall</b> (1591–1662) was an English politician of the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">Civil War</a> period. He served as <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a> for a period of almost twenty years, both before and after the execution of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">King Charles I</a>. </p><p>He is best remembered for his defiance of the king on 4 January 1642 when Charles entered the chamber of the House of Commons, supported by 400 armed men, in an attempt to seize <a href="/wiki/Five_Members" title="Five Members">five members</a> whom he accused of <a href="/wiki/Treason" title="Treason">treason</a>. When Charles asked Lenthall where the five were, Lenthall famously replied "I have neither eyes to see nor tongue to speak in this place but as this House is pleased to direct me". It was the first time in English history that a speaker of the House of Commons had declared his allegiance to the liberty of parliament rather than the will of the monarch. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lenthall was born in <a href="/wiki/Henley-on-Thames" title="Henley-on-Thames">Henley-on-Thames</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the second son of William Lenthall (died 1596) and Frances Southwell.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His ancestors had migrated from <a href="/wiki/Herefordshire" title="Herefordshire">Herefordshire</a> to <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a> in the 15th century. The family was <a href="/wiki/Recusancy" title="Recusancy">recusant</a> under <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth I">Queen Elizabeth I</a>, but this branch became <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> after the early death of Lenthall's father in 1596. Lenthall's mother, Frances (sister of the <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> priest and poet <a href="/wiki/Robert_Southwell_(priest)" title="Robert Southwell (priest)">Robert Southwell</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> conformed to the established Church.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lenthall was educated at <a href="/wiki/Lord_Williams%27s_School" title="Lord Williams's School">Lord Williams's School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Thame" title="Thame">Thame</a>. He matriculated at <a href="/wiki/St_Alban_Hall,_Oxford" title="St Alban Hall, Oxford">St Alban Hall, Oxford</a> in 1607 but left in 1609 without taking a degree. He moved to <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn" title="Lincoln's Inn">Lincoln's Inn</a> and was <a href="/wiki/Call_to_the_bar" title="Call to the bar">called to the bar</a> in 1616, becoming a <a href="/wiki/Bencher" title="Bencher">bencher</a> of the inn in 1633.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He built up a successful legal practice, becoming <a href="/wiki/Recorder_(judge)" title="Recorder (judge)">recorder</a> of Woodstock in 1621, an Oxfordshire <a href="/wiki/Magistrate_(England_and_Wales)" title="Magistrate (England and Wales)">magistrate</a> in 1631, and recorder of Gloucester in 1638.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_parliamentary_career_and_Short_Parliament">Early parliamentary career and Short Parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early parliamentary career and Short Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Short_Parliament" title="Short Parliament">Short Parliament</a></div> <p>Lenthall's parliamentary career began in 1624 when he sat as <a href="/wiki/Member_of_parliament" title="Member of parliament">member</a> for <a href="/wiki/Woodstock_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Woodstock (UK Parliament constituency)">New Woodstock</a> in Oxfordshire.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He failed to be re-elected in 1625,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098–99_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098–99-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but again represented the constituency during the 1640 <a href="/wiki/Short_Parliament" title="Short Parliament">Short Parliament</a>, on several occasions being called upon to chair grand committees of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House</a> on important subjects, including <a href="/wiki/Ship_money" title="Ship money">ship money</a> and parliamentary grievances.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Short Parliament was dissolved on 5 May 1640 after only three weeks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Long_Parliament">Long Parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Long Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long Parliament</a></div> <p>When <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> recalled parliament once more on 4 November 1640, at the start of what became known as the <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long Parliament</a>, Lenthall again attended on behalf of New Woodstock.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Discovering that his preferred candidate for <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">speaker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gardiner_(Royalist)" title="Thomas Gardiner (Royalist)">Sir Thomas Gardiner</a>, had failed to be returned, the king reviewed the list of available lawyers and approved Lenthall as the new speaker,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a position that Lenthall was to hold for most of the next twenty years. </p><p>From the start, Lenthall had his critics. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mildmay" title="Henry Mildmay">Sir Henry Mildmay</a> criticised him for letting too many speak during a debate, he was accused of partiality and procedural errors, and at one point was made to look foolish over a point of precedence.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the journal of <a href="/wiki/Simonds_d%27Ewes" title="Simonds d'Ewes">Sir Simonds d'Ewes</a> (who was not generally supportive) suggests that in the opening months of the Long Parliament Lenthall was very much in control of proceedings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During 1640 and 1641 Lenthall proved himself a competent speaker. He introduced or codified a variety of procedural rules including the establishment of the duration of <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_privilege_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliamentary privilege in the United Kingdom">parliamentary privilege</a> before and after sittings, the imposition of a penalty for speaking when another member had the floor, and the rule that while one piece of business was before the House a motion on another could not be made.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By late 1641 Lenthall was finding the House's long sittings physically exhausting and he became increasingly desperate to be relieved of the speakership. He was also concerned about his personal finances, pleading the prospect of financial ruin if he were to continue. In the event, however, he was to remain in post, with only a few gaps, for many more years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_king's_attempted_seizure_of_the_Five_Members"><span id="The_king.27s_attempted_seizure_of_the_Five_Members"></span>The king's attempted seizure of the Five Members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The king's attempted seizure of the Five Members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg/220px-Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg/330px-Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg/440px-Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption>Lenthall kneels to <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles</a> during the attempted arrest of the <a href="/wiki/Five_Members" title="Five Members">Five Members</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Five_Members" title="Five Members">Five Members</a></div> <p>The relationship between the House of Commons and <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">the king</a> became increasingly fraught during 1641, and at the end of the year Charles launched in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a> accusations of <a href="/wiki/Treason" title="Treason">treason</a> against <a href="/wiki/Five_Members" title="Five Members">five leading members</a> of the Commons.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Commons sat to consider the allegations on 3 January 1642, and held them to be a breach of the House's <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_privilege_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliamentary privilege in the United Kingdom">privilege</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Provoked, and determined that the Five Members should not escape arrest, Charles decided to go to the House of Commons himself to apprehend them.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next day, 4 January, he arrived in person, accompanied by about 400 armed men, and entered the Commons chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Addressing Lenthall, he said "Mr Speaker, I must for a time make bold with your chair". Lenthall vacated it. Calling first for one of the members, and then another, Charles was met with total silence. He asked the speaker where they were. Kneeling, Lenthall responded:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>May it please your majesty, I have neither eyes to see nor tongue to speak in this place but as this House is pleased to direct me whose servant I am here; and I humbly beg your majesty's pardon that I cannot give any other answer than this to what your majesty is pleased to demand of me.</p></blockquote> <p>It was the first time that a speaker had declared his allegiance to the liberty of parliament rather than the will of the monarch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The King paused. "'Tis no matter, I think my eyes are as good as another's". He studied the benches for 'a pretty while' then lamented "all my birds have flown". He left the chair and walked out 'in a more discontented and angry passion than he came in',<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> followed by shouts of "Privilege! Privilege!" from the members.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles's intended show of strength having failed, he left London less than a week later,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and within months the country was plunged into civil war. </p><p>Lenthall's defence of his office was acknowledged by the House on 9 April, when it awarded him the sum of £6000.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last speech that Lenthall delivered to the king he talked of reconciliation, and invited Charles to rid himself of false counsellors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_War">Civil War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Civil War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Lenthall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/William_Lenthall.jpg/170px-William_Lenthall.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/William_Lenthall.jpg/255px-William_Lenthall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/William_Lenthall.jpg/340px-William_Lenthall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1461" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of William Lenthall by <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Janssens_van_Ceulen" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen">Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Parliament continued to sit during the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">civil war</a>, acting now without the king's authority. Lenthall remained in the chair, supporting the Parliamentary cause but without much sympathy toward those diehard Protestants who were seeking radical ecclesiastical reform.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1642, he argued forcefully that the Commons should send peace proposals to the king.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lenthall's appointment to a series of high offices during this period brought some relief to his preoccupation with his personal finances. He had already called attention to the inadequacy of his salary and been granted a sum of £6,000,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and during the 1640s he became <a href="/wiki/Master_of_the_Rolls" title="Master of the Rolls">Master of the Rolls</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">commissioner of the Great Seal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, his worries continued especially since with the coming of war his estates near <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> were at risk of confiscation by the <a href="/wiki/Cavalier" title="Cavalier">royalists.</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1649 a labourer broke into his London house and stole £1900; he was later caught, tried, and sentenced to hang.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1647 popular dissent was growing against the power of the <a href="/wiki/New_Model_Army" title="New Model Army">New Model Army</a> and the oppressions of local committees.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Long Parliament found itself increasingly unpopular, having imposed punitive taxation and chosen a course which had led to slaughter without any identifiable achievement.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011113_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011113-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 July a mob invaded parliament to force it to agree to the army's <a href="/wiki/Solemn_Engagement" title="Solemn Engagement">Solemn Engagement</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (its refusal to disband until its grievances were met). The speaker was held in the chair by force<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was compelled to put to the vote a resolution inviting the king to London.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 July 1647 Lenthall published a personal declaration stating that votes in the Commons had been forced, rendering them void.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He declared that he would take himself to the army, and would return only when free to resume his office.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with fifty-seven other members, eight peers and the speaker of the Lords, he left London.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fugitive members were well received by the soldiers, and they were invited by their commander <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fairfax,_3rd_Baron_Fairfax_of_Cameron" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Baron Fairfax of Cameron">Lord Fairfax</a> to review 15,000 men on <a href="/wiki/Hounslow_Heath" title="Hounslow Heath">Hounslow Heath</a> on 3 August.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fairfax's regiments encircled London the next day, and under his protection Lenthall and the other fugitives were escorted in triumph back to parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall was re-installed in the chair,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and all votes passed during his absence were subsequently annulled.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lenthall sympathized with the Independents in parliament, and was portrayed by royalist newspapers in 1648 as being their tool, plotting to manipulate the House in their interests.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But he did not always act as expected, for example using his casting vote in favour of continuing negotiations with the king.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pride's_Purge"><span id="Pride.27s_Purge"></span>Pride's Purge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pride's Purge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pride%27s_Purge" title="Pride's Purge">Pride's Purge</a></div> <p>On 6 December 1648, in an event known as <a href="/wiki/Pride%27s_Purge" title="Pride's Purge">Pride's Purge</a>, troops of the New Model Army under the command of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pride" title="Thomas Pride">Colonel Thomas Pride</a> forcibly removed from parliament all those who were not Independents or Army supporters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall remained silent, and had probably been warned in advance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was certainly consulted on several occasions by Independent leaders during the December crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rump_Parliament">Rump Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Rump Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">Rump Parliament</a></div> <p>The Purge had reduced the Commons to a <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">rump</a> of a little over 200 <a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">hard-line members</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall remained in post during the debates and resolutions that led ultimately to <a href="/wiki/Execution_of_Charles_I" title="Execution of Charles I">Charles's execution</a> on 30 January 1649, though there is no evidence that he was otherwise active in the events leading up to the <a href="/wiki/Regicide" title="Regicide">regicide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later he claimed to have sent money to the king at Oxford, and to have helped with the care of the queen and the royal children. He also used his influence, when he thought it safe to do so, to help some royalists, using his casting vote at times to save the lives of some.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 1649, the House voted to abolish both the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Peers</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">monarchy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011118_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011118-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Lenthall found himself speaker of a new supreme <a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">unicameral parliament</a>. Though holding little real power, Lenthall as its representative became the leading citizen of England.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the first to take the engagement of loyalty to the new <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England">Commonwealth</a>, he remained cautious and conservative in his approach to public affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1651 <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> arranged a meeting at the speaker's house to discuss options for future government.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002521_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002521-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall, along with the other lawyers present, argued against the idea of a pure <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a> and in favour of a mixed constitution incorporating some role for a monarch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002521_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002521-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cromwell's_dismissal_of_the_Rump"><span id="Cromwell.27s_dismissal_of_the_Rump"></span>Cromwell's dismissal of the Rump</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cromwell's dismissal of the Rump"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WilliamLenthall1652.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/WilliamLenthall1652.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="273" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="165" data-file-height="273" /></a><figcaption>Lenthall in about 1652</figcaption></figure> <p>The Rump Parliament had undertaken to dissolve itself "as soon as may possibly stand with the safety of the people".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011119_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011119-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But it failed to do so, and on 20 April 1653 it was forcibly dissolved by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Cromwell</a> and other leading army officers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Supported by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Harrison_(soldier)" title="Thomas Harrison (soldier)">Colonel Thomas Harrison</a> and 30 or 40 musketeers, Cromwell ordered the chamber to be cleared.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002530_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002530-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall once again rose to the occasion, announcing to Harrison that he would not come down unless he was pulled out.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993305_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993305-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison stretched out an arm and Lenthall submitted,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993305_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993305-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> doubtless realising the futility of resistance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lenthall had become associated with the shortcomings of the Rump, and he found no place in the <a href="/wiki/Barebone%27s_Parliament" title="Barebone's Parliament">Nominated Assembly</a> that sat between July and December 1653.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_Protectorate_Parliament">First Protectorate Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: First Protectorate Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/First_Protectorate_Parliament" title="First Protectorate Parliament">First Protectorate Parliament</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/First_Protectorate_Parliament" title="First Protectorate Parliament">First Protectorate Parliament</a> was summoned in 1654 by Cromwell, in his new role as <a href="/wiki/Lord_Protector" title="Lord Protector">Lord Protector</a>. Lenthall was returned as member for <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>, and on 4 September was once again confirmed as speaker.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_Protectorate_Parliament">Second Protectorate Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Second Protectorate Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">Second Protectorate Parliament</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">Second Protectorate Parliament</a>, summoned by Cromwell on 17 September 1656,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002640–641_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002640–641-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall was again returned as member for Oxfordshire,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but this time was not selected as speaker.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He nevertheless took a full part in the proceedings, being the senior member on the committee charged with settling the new constitutional arrangements.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was supportive of the Protector and was rewarded—after some agitation on his part—with a seat in Cromwell's new <a href="/wiki/Cromwell%27s_Other_House" title="Cromwell's Other House">Other House</a>, taking up his place as Lord Lenthall 10 December 1657.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revival_of_the_Rump_Parliament">Revival of the Rump Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Revival of the Rump Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the death of Oliver Cromwell on 3 September 1658 his son <a href="/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell">Richard Cromwell</a> succeeded him as Lord Protector. The Protectorate rapidly collapsed, and on 6 May 1659 Lenthall was visited by senior army officers who asked him to help with the revival of the Rump Parliament, and to return as speaker.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall was reluctant to give up his seat in the Other House<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002725_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002725-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and pleaded ill health, but when he was bypassed and parliament summoned without his aid he felt himself obliged to resume his role as speaker the following day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lenthall now presided over a revived parliament of only 78 members,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002727_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002727-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in spite of his parallel role as head of the army, division between parliament and the army deepened.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 12 October 1659 the army surrounded and occupied the precincts of the House, and for a night and a day a stand-off with the parliamentary defenders ensued. Lenthall himself was denied access by the blockading soldiers, and had to turn back. To his remonstrance that he was their general, the soldiers replied that they would have known him as such had he marched before them on <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Winnington_Bridge" title="Battle of Winnington Bridge">Winnington Bridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002741_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002741-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>But the army leaders themselves were unclear whether their latest coup was intended to bring down the restored Rump or merely to bring it to terms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002741–742_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002741–742-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall began to manoeuvre away from the republicans, and in November was reported to have been in touch with <a href="/wiki/George_Monck,_1st_Duke_of_Albemarle" title="George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle">General George Monck</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was actively working against factions within the army that opposed the Rump. The situation had completely changed by 24 December when Lenthall was approached at home and his permission sought, as head of the army, for troops to parade in <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields" title="Lincoln's Inn Fields">Lincoln's Inn Fields</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soldiers who had earlier refused to recognise Lenthall's authority now marched to his house to acclaim him with shouts and a volley of shots.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He arranged a sitting of the restored Rump on 26 December 1659 with only 42 members present,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755–756_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755–756-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but then absented himself from the House for ten days pleading <a href="/wiki/Gout" title="Gout">gout</a> (probably to avoid taking the oath abjuring the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">House of Stuart</a>, sought by the republicans in Parliament).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By February 1660, Lenthall was fully co-operating with Monck and had broken completely with the republicans.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 March 1660 The Rump Parliament voted to dissolve itself, bringing Lenthall's long period of speakerships to a close<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and clearing the way for Monck to organise fresh elections for the <a href="/wiki/Convention_Parliament_(1660)" title="Convention Parliament (1660)">Convention Parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall was active in bringing about the Restoration, with his advice and service, but found himself out of favour.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Monck lobbied to have Lenthall elected for <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford University</a>, but without success.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Restoration">The Restoration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The Restoration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Convention_Parliament_(1660)" title="Convention Parliament (1660)">new parliament</a> met for the first time on 25 April 1660 and on 8 May proclaimed that <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">King Charles II</a> had retrospectively been the lawful monarch since the execution of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> on 30 January 1649. Lenthall sent £3,000 to the new king, seeking to retain the Mastership of the Rolls, but was told it had been allocated elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lenthall was at risk of being put on trial by the new regime for some of his acts during the <a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(England)" title="Interregnum (England)">interregnum</a>, and he was strongly denounced by <a href="/wiki/William_Prynne" title="William Prynne">William Prynne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately, however, he was merely barred by the <a href="/wiki/Indemnity_and_Oblivion_Act" title="Indemnity and Oblivion Act">Act of Indemnity and Oblivion 1660</a> from further public office for life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The act mentioned him by name as being exempt from its indemnity provisions if he ever again were to accept public office.<sup id="cite_ref-Indemnity_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indemnity-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 October 1660 he gave evidence at the trial of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_regicides_of_Charles_I" title="List of regicides of Charles I">regicide</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Scot" title="Thomas Scot">Thomas Scot</a>, swearing that Scot had spoken in parliament in favour of executing the king; an act that disgusted many in the light of his famous defence of parliamentary privilege in 1642.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lenthall retired to <a href="/wiki/Burford" title="Burford">Burford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>, where he died on 3 September 1662;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was buried at the church there.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On his deathbed he made a confession: "I confess with Saul, I held their clothes whilst they murdered him, but herein I was not so criminal as Saul was, for God, thou knowest, I never consented to his death". He requested that his only epitaph should be <i>Vermis sum</i> ("I am a worm").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His only surviving son was the politician <a href="/wiki/John_Lenthall_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Lenthall (politician)">John Lenthall</a> (1624 or 1625 – 1681).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201099_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201099-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Private_life">Private life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Private life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Burford_Priory.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Burford_Priory.jpg/220px-Burford_Priory.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Burford_Priory.jpg/330px-Burford_Priory.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Burford_Priory.jpg/440px-Burford_Priory.jpg 2x" data-file-width="965" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Burford Priory</figcaption></figure> <p>By 1619 Lenthall had married Elizabeth Evans (died April 1662),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> daughter of Ambrose Evans of <a href="/wiki/Loddington,_Northamptonshire" title="Loddington, Northamptonshire">Loddington, Northamptonshire</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by his wife Lettice Symonds of <a href="/wiki/Cley_Next_the_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Cley Next the Sea">Cley Next the Sea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norfolk" title="Norfolk">Norfolk</a>. </p><p>William Lenthall had two chief residences, <a href="/wiki/Burford_Priory" title="Burford Priory">Burford Priory</a> in Oxfordshire (still standing) and Besselsleigh Manor in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire). In 1637, he had purchased Burford from <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Cary,_2nd_Viscount_Falkland" title="Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland">Lord Falkland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lenthall was one of the overseers of the will of <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Tanfield" title="Lawrence Tanfield">Sir Lawrence Tanfield</a>, Lord Falkland's grandfather, and had married into Tanfield's second wife's family.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The house remained in the Lenthall family until 1828.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lenthall had an extensive <a href="/wiki/Lenthall_pictures" title="Lenthall pictures">collection of paintings</a>, some being family portraits and some that may have been at Burford when he purchased it. He may also have acquired paintings from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection" title="Royal Collection">Royal collection</a> following the execution of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The collection was sold by the family in 1833. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Character_assessment">Character assessment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Character assessment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout his life, and beyond, Lenthall was a man who divided opinion. In his early career he was much attacked by his opponents for his alleged personal inadequacies and weaknesses as speaker, but according to the <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> the attacks do not bear scrutiny.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His conduct at that period suggests a man with a clear intention both to maintain his office and to contribute to the procedures of the House.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the other hand, his conservative outlook and adherence to tradition reveals a lack of political vision.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allegations of self-serving corruption were made against him regularly<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – although Lenthall's high office provided a target for lurid revelations that could be impossible to authenticate, and many of the criticisms came from those with grievances.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, his personal character seemed significantly less noble than the great offices of state that he strove to acquire, and the allegations of avarice and underhand behaviour that dogged him throughout his life occurred too frequently to be ignored.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nevertheless, his dignified defiance of Charles I in January 1642 (not the only occasion on which he held a firm stance) was in itself a guarantee of his lasting reputation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThrushFerris2010">Thrush & Ferris 2010</a>, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1218864" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1218864?section=official-list-entry">"Speaker's House (Grade II) (1218864)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Speaker%27s+House+%28Grade+II%29+%281218864%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1218864%3Fsection%3Dofficial-list-entry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Family_background_and_early_career"_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts2005">Roberts 2005</a>, "Family background and early career".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098–99-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThrushFerris201098–99_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThrushFerris2010">Thrush & Ferris 2010</a>, pp. 98–99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_Long_Parliament"_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts2005">Roberts 2005</a>, "The Long Parliament".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011107–108_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFField2011">Field 2011</a>, pp. 107–108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002213_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, p. 213.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"The_speaker_during_the_civil_war"_8-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts2005">Roberts 2005</a>, "The speaker during the civil war".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911429_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>, p. 429.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011113-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011113_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFField2011">Field 2011</a>, p. 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993256_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHibbert1993">Hibbert 1993</a>, p. 256.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002379_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, p. 379.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011118-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011118_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFField2011">Field 2011</a>, p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_during_the_Commonwealth"_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts2005">Roberts 2005</a>, "Speaker during the Commonwealth".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002521-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002521_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002521_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, p. 521.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEField2011119-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEField2011119_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFField2011">Field 2011</a>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002530-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002530_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, p. 530.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993305-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993305_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1993305_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHibbert1993">Hibbert 1993</a>, p. 305.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Speaker_and_Cromwellian_office-holder"_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts2005">Roberts 2005</a>, "Speaker and Cromwellian office-holder".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002640–641-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002640–641_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, pp. 640–641.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Collapse_of_the_republic_and_the_restoration_of_monarchy"_21-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts2005">Roberts 2005</a>, "Collapse of the republic and the restoration of monarchy".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002725-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002725_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, p. 725.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002727-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002727_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, p. 727.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002741-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002741_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, p. 741.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002741–742-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002741–742_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, pp. 741–742.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, p. 755.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755–756-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWoolrych2002755–756_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWoolrych2002">Woolrych 2002</a>, pp. 755–756.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Indemnity-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Indemnity_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaithby" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Raithby, John (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol5/pp226-234">"Charles II, 1660: An Act of Free and Generall Pardon Indemnity and Oblivion"</a>. <i>Statutes of the Realm</i>. 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(1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oxoniensia.org/volumes/1939/godfrey.pdf">"Burford Priory"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Oxoniensia</i>. <b>IV</b>. <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire_Architectural_and_Historical_Society" title="Oxfordshire Architectural and Historical Society">Oxford Architectural and Historical Society</a>: 71–88.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxoniensia&rft.atitle=Burford+Priory&rft.volume=IV&rft.pages=71-88&rft.date=1939&rft.aulast=Godfrey&rft.aufirst=Walter+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxoniensia.org%2Fvolumes%2F1939%2Fgodfrey.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper2023" class="citation web cs1">Cooper, Nicholas (24 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victoriacountyhistory.ac.uk/explore/sites/explore/files/explore_assets/2010/03/22/PRIORY_Lenthall_Pics.pdf">"The Lenthall Pictures"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Burford Priory</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Burford+Priory&rft.atitle=The+Lenthall+Pictures&rft.date=2023-05-24&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.victoriacountyhistory.ac.uk%2Fexplore%2Fsites%2Fexplore%2Ffiles%2Fexplore_assets%2F2010%2F03%2F22%2FPRIORY_Lenthall_Pics.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2005"Assessment"_34-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoberts2005">Roberts 2005</a>, "Assessment".</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lenthall&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Lenthall, William"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Lenthall,_William">"Lenthall, William" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 429–430.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lenthall%2C+William&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=429-430&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFField2011" class="citation book cs1">Field, John (2011). <i>The Story of Parliament in the Palace of Westminster</i> (2nd ed.). London: James & James. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780907383871" title="Special:BookSources/9780907383871"><bdi>9780907383871</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+Parliament+in+the+Palace+of+Westminster&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=James+%26+James&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780907383871&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHibbert1993" class="citation book cs1">Hibbert, Christopher (1993). <i>Cavaliers and Roundheads: The English at War 1642–1649</i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-246-13632-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-246-13632-4"><bdi>0-246-13632-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cavaliers+and+Roundheads%3A+The+English+at+War+1642%E2%80%931649&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-246-13632-4&rft.aulast=Hibbert&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2005" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Roberts, Stephen K. (26 May 2005). "Lenthall, William, appointed Lord Lenthall under the protectorate". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F16467">10.1093/ref:odnb/16467</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lenthall%2C+William%2C+appointed+Lord+Lenthall+under+the+protectorate&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005-05-26&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F16467&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Stephen+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThrushFerris2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Thrush, Andrew; Ferris, John P. (2010). <i>The House of Commons 1604–1629</i>. Vol. V: Members K–Q. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-00223-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-00223-4"><bdi>978-1-107-00223-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+House+of+Commons+1604%E2%80%931629&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-107-00223-4&rft.aulast=Thrush&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Ferris%2C+John+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoolrych2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Austin_Woolrych" title="Austin Woolrych">Woolrych, Austin</a> (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/britaininrevolut00wool"><i>Britain in Revolution</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-927268-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-927268-9"><bdi>0-19-927268-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britain+in+Revolution&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-19-927268-9&rft.aulast=Woolrych&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbritaininrevolut00wool&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Lenthall" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Glanville" title="John Glanville">John Glanville</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a> </b><br />1640–1647 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelham_(speaker)" title="Henry Pelham (speaker)">Henry Pelham</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelham_(speaker)" title="Henry Pelham (speaker)">Henry Pelham</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a> </b><br />1647–1653 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rous" title="Francis Rous">The Rev. Francis Rous</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rous" title="Francis Rous">The Rev. Francis Rous</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a> </b><br />1654–1655 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Widdrington" title="Thomas Widdrington">Sir Thomas Widdrington</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bampfylde" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Bampfylde">Thomas Bampfylde</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a> </b><br />1659–1660 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Harbottle_Grimston,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Harbottle Grimston, 2nd Baronet">Sir Harbottle Grimston</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Egerton,_1st_Viscount_Brackley" title="Thomas Egerton, 1st Viscount Brackley">1st Viscount Brackley</a> (1603–1617)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Bacon" title="Francis Bacon">Francis Bacon</a> (1617–1621)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(judge)" title="Julius Caesar (judge)">Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ley,_1st_Earl_of_Marlborough" title="James Ley, 1st Earl of Marlborough">1st Earl of Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Montagu,_1st_Earl_of_Manchester" title="Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester">1st Earl of Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Stewart,_2nd_Duke_of_Lennox" title="Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox">2nd Duke of Lennox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_21st_Earl_of_Arundel" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel">21st Earl of Arundel</a> (1621)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(archbishop_of_York)" title="John Williams (archbishop of York)">John Williams</a> (1621–1625)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a><br />(1625–1649)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coventry,_1st_Baron_Coventry" title="Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry">1st Baron Coventry</a> (1625–1640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Finch,_1st_Baron_Finch" title="John Finch, 1st Baron Finch">1st Baron Finch</a> (1640–1641)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Littleton,_1st_Baron_Lyttelton" title="Edward Littleton, 1st Baron Lyttelton">1st Baron Lyttelton</a> (1641–1645)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lane_(barrister)" title="Richard Lane (barrister)">Richard Lane</a> (1645–1649)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English_Council_of_State" title="English Council of State">Council of State</a><br />(1649–1653)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Keble" title="Richard Keble">Richard Keble</a> (1649–1653)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a><br />(1653–1658)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Keble" title="Richard Keble">Richard Keble</a> (1653–1654)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Widdrington" title="Thomas Widdrington">Thomas Widdrington</a> (1654–1656)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Fiennes" title="Nathaniel Fiennes">Nathaniel Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a> (1656–1658)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell">Richard Cromwell</a><br />(1658–1659)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Fiennes" title="Nathaniel Fiennes">Nathaniel Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a> (1658–1659)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English_Council_of_State" title="English Council of State">Council of State</a><br />(1659–1660)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Fiennes" title="Nathaniel Fiennes">Nathaniel Fiennes</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></i> (January–June 1659)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Bradshaw_(judge)" title="John Bradshaw (judge)">John Bradshaw</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tyrrell" title="Thomas Tyrrell">Thomas Tyrrell</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/John_Fountaine" title="John Fountaine">John Fountaine</a></i> (June 1659–1660)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Lenthall</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Widdrington" title="Thomas Widdrington">Thomas Widdrington</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tyrrell" title="Thomas Tyrrell">Thomas Tyrrell</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/John_Fountaine" title="John Fountaine">John Fountaine</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Edward_Montagu,_2nd_Earl_of_Manchester" title="Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester">2nd Earl of Manchester</a></i> (1660)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a><br />(1660–1685)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hyde,_1st_Earl_of_Clarendon" title="Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon">1st Earl of Clarendon</a> (1660–1667)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Orlando_Bridgeman,_1st_Baronet,_of_Great_Lever" title="Sir Orlando Bridgeman, 1st Baronet, of Great Lever">Sir Orlando Bridgeman</a> (1667–1672)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ashley_Cooper,_1st_Earl_of_Shaftesbury" title="Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury">1st Earl of Shaftesbury</a> (1672–1673)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heneage_Finch,_1st_Earl_of_Nottingham" title="Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham">1st Earl of Nottingham</a> (1673–1682)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_North,_1st_Baron_Guilford" title="Francis North, 1st Baron Guilford">1st Baron Guilford</a> (1682–1685)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James II</a><br />(1685–1688)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Jeffreys,_1st_Baron_Jeffreys" title="George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys">1st Baron Jeffreys</a> (1685–1688)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William</a> & <a href="/wiki/Mary_II_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary II of England">Mary</a><br />(1689–1694)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_(1604%E2%80%931690)" title="John Maynard (1604–1690)">John Maynard</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Keck_(Tiverton_MP)" title="Anthony Keck (Tiverton MP)">Anthony Keck</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/William_Rawlinson_(Commissioner)" title="William Rawlinson (Commissioner)">William Rawlinson</a></i> (1689–1690)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Trevor_(speaker)" title="John Trevor (speaker)">John Trevor</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/William_Rawlinson_(Commissioner)" title="William Rawlinson (Commissioner)">William Rawlinson</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/George_Hutchins_(lawyer)" title="George Hutchins (lawyer)">George Hutchins</a></i> (1690–1693)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Somers,_1st_Baron_Somers" title="John Somers, 1st Baron Somers">1st Baron Somers</a> (1693–1694)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III</a><br />(1694–1702)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Somers,_1st_Baron_Somers" title="John Somers, 1st Baron Somers">1st Baron Somers</a> (1693–1700)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Holt_(Lord_Chief_Justice)" title="John Holt (Lord Chief Justice)">John Holt</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/George_Treby_(judge)" title="George Treby (judge)">George Treby</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Edward_Ward_(judge)" title="Edward Ward (judge)">Edward Ward</a></i> (1700)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Wright_(judge)" title="Nathan Wright (judge)">Nathan Wright</a> (1700–1702)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Anne</a><br />(1702–1714)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Wright_(judge)" title="Nathan Wright (judge)">Nathan Wright</a> (1702–1705)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cowper,_1st_Earl_Cowper" title="William Cowper, 1st Earl Cowper">1st Earl Cowper</a> (1705–1710)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Trevor,_1st_Baron_Trevor" title="Thomas Trevor, 1st Baron Trevor">1st Baron Trevor</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Robert_Tracy_(judge)" title="Robert Tracy (judge)">Robert Tracy</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/John_Scrope_(MP)" title="John Scrope (MP)">John Scrope</a></i> (1710)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Harcourt,_1st_Viscount_Harcourt" title="Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt">1st Viscount Harcourt</a> (1710–1714)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Italics indicate service when the <a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_the_Realm" title="Great Seal of the Realm">Greal Seal</a> was held in Commission</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Masters_of_the_Rolls" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Masters_of_the_Rolls" title="Template:Masters of the Rolls"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Masters_of_the_Rolls" title="Template talk:Masters of the Rolls"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Masters_of_the_Rolls" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Masters of the Rolls"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Masters_of_the_Rolls" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Master_of_the_Rolls" title="Master of the Rolls">Masters of the Rolls</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(Master_of_the_Rolls)" title="John Taylor (Master of the Rolls)">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cromwell" title="Thomas Cromwell">Cromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hales" title="Christopher Hales">Hales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Southwell_(lawyer)" title="Robert Southwell (lawyer)">Southwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Beaumont_(judge)" title="John Beaumont (judge)">Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bowes_(lawyer)" title="Robert Bowes (lawyer)">Bowes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hare" title="Nicholas Hare">Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cordell" title="William Cordell">Cordell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Gerard_(judge)" title="Gilbert Gerard (judge)">Gerard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Egerton,_1st_Viscount_Brackley" title="Thomas Egerton, 1st Viscount Brackley">Ellesmere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bruce,_1st_Lord_Kinloss" title="Edward Bruce, 1st Lord Kinloss">Kinloss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Phelips_(speaker)" title="Edward Phelips (speaker)">Phelips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(judge)" title="Julius Caesar (judge)">Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Digges" title="Dudley Digges">Digges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Caesar" title="Charles Caesar">Charles Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Colepeper,_1st_Baron_Colepeper" title="John Colepeper, 1st Baron Colepeper">Colepeper</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lenthall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Harbottle_Grimston,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Harbottle Grimston, 2nd Baronet">Grimston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Churchill_(judge)" title="John Churchill (judge)">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Trevor_(speaker)" title="John Trevor (speaker)">Trevor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Jekyll" title="Joseph Jekyll">Jekyll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Verney_(judge)" title="John Verney (judge)">Verney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fortescue_(judge)" title="William Fortescue (judge)">Fortescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Strange_(English_politician)" title="John Strange (English politician)">Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Clarke_(judge)" title="Thomas Clarke (judge)">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sewell_(judge)" title="Thomas Sewell (judge)">Sewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Kenyon,_1st_Baron_Kenyon" title="Lloyd Kenyon, 1st Baron Kenyon">Kenyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pepper_Arden,_1st_Baron_Alvanley" title="Richard Pepper Arden, 1st Baron Alvanley">Arden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Grant_(Master_of_the_Rolls)" title="William Grant (Master of the Rolls)">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Plumer" title="Thomas Plumer">Plumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gifford,_1st_Baron_Gifford" title="Robert Gifford, 1st Baron Gifford">Gifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Copley,_1st_Baron_Lyndhurst" title="John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst">Lyndhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leach_(judge)" title="John Leach (judge)">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Pepys,_1st_Earl_of_Cottenham" title="Charles Pepys, 1st Earl of Cottenham">Cottenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Bickersteth,_1st_Baron_Langdale" title="Henry Bickersteth, 1st Baron Langdale">Langdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Romilly,_1st_Baron_Romilly" title="John Romilly, 1st Baron Romilly">Romilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Jessel_(jurist)" title="George Jessel (jurist)">Jessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Brett,_1st_Viscount_Esher" title="William Brett, 1st Viscount Esher">Brett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Lindley,_Baron_Lindley" title="Nathaniel Lindley, Baron Lindley">Lindley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Webster,_1st_Viscount_Alverstone" title="Richard Webster, 1st Viscount Alverstone">Alverstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Levin_Smith" title="Archibald Levin Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Collins,_Baron_Collins" title="Richard Collins, Baron Collins">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Cozens-Hardy,_1st_Baron_Cozens-Hardy" title="Herbert Cozens-Hardy, 1st Baron Cozens-Hardy">Cozens-Hardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Swinfen_Eady,_1st_Baron_Swinfen" title="Charles Swinfen Eady, 1st Baron Swinfen">Swinfen Eady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pickford,_1st_Baron_Sterndale" title="William Pickford, 1st Baron Sterndale">Sterndale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Pollock,_1st_Viscount_Hanworth" title="Ernest Pollock, 1st Viscount Hanworth">Hanworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wright,_Baron_Wright" title="Robert Wright, Baron Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Greene,_1st_Baron_Greene" title="Wilfrid Greene, 1st Baron Greene">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Evershed,_1st_Baron_Evershed" title="Raymond Evershed, 1st Baron Evershed">Evershed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Denning,_Baron_Denning" title="Tom Denning, Baron Denning">Denning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Donaldson,_Baron_Donaldson_of_Lymington" title="John Donaldson, Baron Donaldson of Lymington">Donaldson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bingham,_Baron_Bingham_of_Cornhill" title="Tom Bingham, Baron Bingham of Cornhill">Bingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Woolf,_Baron_Woolf" title="Harry Woolf, Baron Woolf">Woolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Phillips,_Baron_Phillips_of_Worth_Matravers" title="Nick Phillips, Baron Phillips of Worth Matravers">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Clarke,_Baron_Clarke_of_Stone-cum-Ebony" title="Tony Clarke, Baron Clarke of Stone-cum-Ebony">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Neuberger,_Baron_Neuberger_of_Abbotsbury" title="David Neuberger, Baron Neuberger of Abbotsbury">Neuberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dyson,_Lord_Dyson" title="John Dyson, Lord Dyson">Dyson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Etherton,_Baron_Etherton" title="Terence Etherton, Baron Etherton">Etherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Vos" title="Geoffrey Vos">Vos</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Speakers_of_the_House_of_Commons_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Speaker_of_the_British_House_of_Commons" title="Template:Speaker of the British House of Commons"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Speaker_of_the_British_House_of_Commons" title="Template talk:Speaker of the British House of Commons"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Speaker_of_the_British_House_of_Commons" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Speaker of the British House of Commons"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Speakers_of_the_House_of_Commons_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speakers of the House of Commons</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of speakers of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_England" title="House of Commons of England">House of Commons<br />of England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">14th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_de_Shareshull" title="William de Shareshull">de Shareshull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_de_la_Mare" title="Peter de la Mare">De la Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hungerford_(speaker)" title="Thomas Hungerford (speaker)">Hungerford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_de_la_Mare" title="Peter de la Mare">De la Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Pickering" title="James Pickering">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Guildesborough" title="John Guildesborough">Guildesborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Waldegrave_(politician)" title="Richard Waldegrave (politician)">Waldegrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Pickering" title="James Pickering">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bussy" title="John Bussy">Bussy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cheyne_(speaker)" title="John Cheyne (speaker)">Cheney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Doreward" title="John Doreward">Doreward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Savage" title="Arnold Savage">Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Redford" title="Henry Redford">Redford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Savage" title="Arnold Savage">Savage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Esturmy" title="William Esturmy">Esturmy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tiptoft,_1st_Baron_Tiptoft" title="John Tiptoft, 1st Baron Tiptoft">Tiptoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaucer" title="Thomas Chaucer">Chaucer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stourton_(speaker)" title="William Stourton (speaker)">Stourton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Doreward" title="John Doreward">Doreward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Hungerford,_1st_Baron_Hungerford" title="Walter Hungerford, 1st Baron Hungerford">Hungerford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaucer" title="Thomas Chaucer">Chaucer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Redman_(speaker)" title="Richard Redman (speaker)">Redman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Beauchamp" title="Walter Beauchamp">Beauchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Flower" title="Roger Flower">Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Hunt_(speaker)" title="Roger Hunt (speaker)">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaucer" title="Thomas Chaucer">Chaucer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Baynard" title="Richard Baynard">Baynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Flower" title="Roger Flower">Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell_(speaker)" title="John Russell (speaker)">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Walton" title="Thomas Walton">Walton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Vernon_(speaker)" title="Richard Vernon (speaker)">Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyrrell_(died_1437)" title="John Tyrrell (died 1437)">Tyrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alington_(speaker)" title="William Alington (speaker)">Alington I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyrrell_(died_1437)" title="John Tyrrell (died 1437)">Tyrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell_(speaker)" title="John Russell (speaker)">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Hunt_(speaker)" title="Roger Hunt (speaker)">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bowes_(speaker)" title="John Bowes (speaker)">Bowes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyrrell_(died_1437)" title="John Tyrrell (died 1437)">Tyrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Burley_(politician)" title="William Burley (politician)">Burley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tresham" title="William Tresham">W. Tresham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Burley_(politician)" title="William Burley (politician)">Burley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tresham" title="William Tresham">W. Tresham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Say" title="John Say">Say</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Popham_(military_commander)" title="John Popham (military commander)">Popham I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tresham" title="William Tresham">W. Tresham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Oldhall" title="William Oldhall">Oldhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thorpe_(speaker)" title="Thomas Thorpe (speaker)">Thorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Charlton_(speaker)" title="Thomas Charlton (speaker)">Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wenlock,_1st_Baron_Wenlock" title="John Wenlock, 1st Baron Wenlock">Wenlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tresham_(speaker)" title="Thomas Tresham (speaker)">T. Tresham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Green_(speaker)" title="John Green (speaker)">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Strangeways" title="James Strangeways">Strangeways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Say" title="John Say">Say</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alington_(speaker,_died_1479)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Alington (speaker, died 1479)">Alington II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wood_(speaker)" title="John Wood (speaker)">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Catesby" title="William Catesby">Catesby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lovell" title="Thomas Lovell">Lovell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mordaunt_(speaker)" title="John Mordaunt (speaker)">Mordaunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fitzwilliam" title="Thomas Fitzwilliam">Fitzwilliam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Empson" title="Richard Empson">Empson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Drury_(speaker)" title="Robert Drury (speaker)">Drury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Englefield" title="Thomas Englefield">Englefield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Dudley" title="Edmund Dudley">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Englefield" title="Thomas Englefield">Englefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sheffield" title="Robert Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nevill" title="Thomas Nevill">Nevill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Audley,_1st_Baron_Audley_of_Walden" title="Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden">Audley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Wingfield" title="Humphrey Wingfield">Wingfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rich,_1st_Baron_Rich" title="Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich">Rich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Hare" title="Nicholas Hare">Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Moyle" title="Thomas Moyle">Moyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baker_(died_1558)" title="John Baker (died 1558)">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dyer" title="James Dyer">Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pollard_(speaker)" title="John Pollard (speaker)">Pollard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Broke" title="Robert Broke">Broke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Higham" title="Clement Higham">Higham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cordell" title="William Cordell">Cordell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gargrave" title="Thomas Gargrave">Gargrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(speaker)" title="Thomas Williams (speaker)">T. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Onslow_(Solicitor_General)" title="Richard Onslow (Solicitor General)">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wray_(English_judge)" title="Christopher Wray (English judge)">Wray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bell_(speaker)" title="Robert Bell (speaker)">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Popham_(judge)" title="John Popham (judge)">Popham II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Puckering" title="John Puckering">Puckering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Snagge" title="Thomas Snagge">Snagge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Coke" title="Edward Coke">Coke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Yelverton" title="Christopher Yelverton">Yelverton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">17th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Croke" title="John Croke">Croke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Phelips_(speaker)" title="Edward Phelips (speaker)">Phelips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranulph_Crewe" title="Ranulph Crewe">R. Crewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Richardson_(judge)" title="Thomas Richardson (judge)">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Crewe" title="Thomas Crewe">T. Crewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heneage_Finch_(speaker)" title="Heneage Finch (speaker)">H. Finch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Finch,_1st_Baron_Finch" title="John Finch, 1st Baron Finch">J. Finch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Glanville" title="John Glanville">Glanville</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lenthall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelham_(speaker)" title="Henry Pelham (speaker)">Pelham</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lenthall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rous" title="Francis Rous">Rous</a> (<a href="/wiki/Barebone%27s_Parliament" title="Barebone's Parliament">Barebones Parliament</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lenthall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Widdrington" title="Thomas Widdrington">Widdrington</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">2nd Protectorate Parliament</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaloner_Chute" title="Chaloner Chute">Chute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lislebone_Long" title="Lislebone Long">Long</a> & <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bampfield" title="Thomas Bampfield">Bampfield</a> (<a href="/wiki/Third_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Third Protectorate Parliament">3rd Protectorate Parliament</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lenthall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Harbottle_Grimston,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Harbottle Grimston, 2nd Baronet">Grimston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Turnour_(speaker)" title="Edward Turnour (speaker)">Turnour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Job_Charlton,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Job Charlton, 1st Baronet">Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Edward_Seymour,_4th_Baronet" title="Sir Edward Seymour, 4th Baronet">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sawyer_(Attorney_General)" title="Robert Sawyer (Attorney General)">Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Edward_Seymour,_4th_Baronet" title="Sir Edward Seymour, 4th Baronet">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gregory_(1625%E2%80%931696)" title="William Gregory (1625–1696)">Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Williams,_1st_Baronet,_of_Gray%27s_Inn" title="Sir William Williams, 1st Baronet, of Gray's Inn">W. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Trevor_(speaker)" title="John Trevor (speaker)">Trevor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Powle" title="Henry Powle">Powle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Trevor_(speaker)" title="John Trevor (speaker)">Trevor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Foley_(ironmaster)" title="Paul Foley (ironmaster)">Foley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Littleton,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir Thomas Littleton, 3rd Baronet">Littleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Harley,_1st_Earl_of_Oxford_and_Earl_Mortimer" title="Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer">Harley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer)" title="John Smith (Chancellor of the Exchequer)">Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="His Majesty's Government coat of arms"><img alt="His Majesty's Government coat of arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Great_Britain" title="House of Commons of Great Britain">House of Commons<br />of Great Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="18th_century" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer)" title="John Smith (Chancellor of the Exchequer)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Onslow,_1st_Baron_Onslow" title="Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow">R. Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bromley_(Speaker)" title="William Bromley (Speaker)">Bromley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Hanmer,_4th_Baronet" title="Sir Thomas Hanmer, 4th Baronet">Hanmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Compton,_1st_Earl_of_Wilmington" title="Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington">Compton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Onslow" title="Arthur Onslow">A. Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Cust,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir John Cust, 3rd Baronet">Cust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fletcher_Norton,_1st_Baron_Grantley" title="Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wolfran_Cornwall" title="Charles Wolfran Cornwall">Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Grenville,_1st_Baron_Grenville" title="William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville">Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Addington" title="Henry Addington">Addington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons<br />of the United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Addington" title="Henry Addington">Addington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Freeman-Mitford,_1st_Baron_Redesdale" title="John Freeman-Mitford, 1st Baron Redesdale">Mitford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Abbot,_1st_Baron_Colchester" title="Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester">Abbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Manners-Sutton,_1st_Viscount_Canterbury" title="Charles Manners-Sutton, 1st Viscount Canterbury">Manners-Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Abercromby,_1st_Baron_Dunfermline" title="James Abercromby, 1st Baron Dunfermline">Abercromby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Shaw-Lefevre,_1st_Viscount_Eversley" title="Charles Shaw-Lefevre, 1st Viscount Eversley">Shaw-Lefevre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Denison,_1st_Viscount_Ossington" title="Evelyn Denison, 1st Viscount Ossington">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Brand,_1st_Viscount_Hampden" title="Henry Brand, 1st Viscount Hampden">Brand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Peel,_1st_Viscount_Peel" title="Arthur Peel, 1st Viscount Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Court_Gully,_1st_Viscount_Selby" title="William Court Gully, 1st Viscount Selby">Gully</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Lowther,_1st_Viscount_Ullswater" title="James Lowther, 1st Viscount Ullswater">Lowther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Whitley" title="John Henry Whitley">Whitley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_FitzRoy" title="Edward FitzRoy">FitzRoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Clifton_Brown,_1st_Viscount_Ruffside" title="Douglas Clifton Brown, 1st Viscount Ruffside">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morrison,_1st_Viscount_Dunrossil" title="William Morrison, 1st Viscount Dunrossil">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Hylton-Foster" title="Harry Hylton-Foster">Hylton-Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_King,_Baron_Maybray-King" title="Horace King, Baron Maybray-King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selwyn_Lloyd" title="Selwyn Lloyd">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Thomas,_1st_Viscount_Tonypandy" title="George Thomas, 1st Viscount Tonypandy">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Weatherill" title="Bernard Weatherill">Weatherill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Boothroyd" title="Betty Boothroyd">Boothroyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Martin,_Baron_Martin_of_Springburn" title="Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn">Martin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Martin,_Baron_Martin_of_Springburn" title="Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bercow" title="John Bercow">Bercow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindsay_Hoyle" title="Lindsay Hoyle">Hoyle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3568790#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3568790#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority 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class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000025517496">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/66812975">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/781158491052711920003">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/143053/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85800559">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list 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