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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Columbia Point, Boston</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Columbia_Point,_Boston&params=42_18_49.39_N_71_02_00.37_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°18′49.39″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°02′00.37″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.3137194°N 71.0334361°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.3137194; -71.0334361</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neighborhood in Boston, Massachusetts, US</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Situationsplan_von_Boston_(Massachusetts).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Situationsplan_von_Boston_%28Massachusetts%29.jpg/250px-Situationsplan_von_Boston_%28Massachusetts%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Situationsplan_von_Boston_%28Massachusetts%29.jpg/375px-Situationsplan_von_Boston_%28Massachusetts%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Situationsplan_von_Boston_%28Massachusetts%29.jpg/500px-Situationsplan_von_Boston_%28Massachusetts%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="459" /></a><figcaption>1888 German map of Boston Harbor showing Dorchester in the lower left hand corner.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colpoint.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Colpoint.JPG/250px-Colpoint.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Colpoint.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="284" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Landsat_program" title="Landsat program">Landsat</a> image of Boston showing Columbia Point peninsula.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Columbia Point</b>, in the <a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorchester, Massachusetts">Dorchester</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, sits on a peninsula jutting out from the mainland of eastern Dorchester into the bay. Old Harbor Park is on the north side, adjacent to Old Harbor, part of <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Bay_(Boston_Harbor)" title="Dorchester Bay (Boston Harbor)">Dorchester Bay</a>. The peninsula is primarily occupied by Harbor Point, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a>, the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a>, and a complex at the former <a href="/wiki/Bayside_Expo_Center" title="Bayside Expo Center">Bayside Expo Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston_College_High_School" title="Boston College High School">Boston College High School</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Archives" title="Massachusetts Archives">Massachusetts Archives</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Boston_Harborwalk" title="Boston Harborwalk">Boston Harborwalk</a> follows the entire coastline. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="17th–19th_centuries"><span id="17th.E2.80.9319th_centuries"></span>17th–19th centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 17th–19th centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_ground_1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Boston_ground_1880.jpg/250px-Boston_ground_1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Boston_ground_1880.jpg/375px-Boston_ground_1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Boston_ground_1880.jpg/500px-Boston_ground_1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1559" data-file-height="1557" /></a><figcaption>Map showing all ground in Boston occupied by buildings in 1880. Columbia Point is in the center near bottom with two roads going out to the pumping station and calf pasture. From <a href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Dorchester, Columbia Point was the landing place for <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> settlers in the early 1600s. The Native Americans called it "Mattaponnock".<sup id="cite_ref-Calf_Pasture_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calf_Pasture-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The community was, in the 17th and 18th centuries, and through to the mid-19th century, a calf pasture: a place where nearby Dorchester residents took their calves for grazing. It was largely an uninhabited marshland on the Dorchester peninsula. Its size was originally 14 acres (5.7 hectares). Many landfills, subsequent to that time, have enlarged the land size to 350 acres (140 ha) in the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Calf_Pasture_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calf_Pasture-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1845, the <a href="/wiki/Old_Colony_Railroad" title="Old Colony Railroad">Old Colony Railroad</a> ran through the area and connected Boston and <a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth, Massachusetts">Plymouth, Massachusetts</a>. The station was originally called Crescent Avenue or Crescent Avenue Depot<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as an Old Colony Railroad station, then called Columbia until December 1, 1982, and then again changed to <a href="/wiki/JFK/UMass_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="JFK/UMass (MBTA station)">JFK/UMass</a>. It is an <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Transportation_Authority" title="Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority">MBTA</a> rail line station for both the subway and commuter rail line. </p><p>In the 1880s, the calf pasture was used as a Boston sewer line and pumping station, known as the <a href="/wiki/Calf_Pasture_Pumping_Station_Complex" title="Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex">Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex</a>. This large pumping station still stands and in its time was a model for treating sewage and helping to promote cleaner and healthier urban living conditions. It pumped waste to a remote treatment facility on <a href="/wiki/Moon_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Moon Island (Massachusetts)">Moon Island</a> in <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Boston" title="Port of Boston">Boston Harbor</a>, and served as a model for other systems worldwide. This system remained in active use and was the Boston Sewer system's headworks, handling all of the city's sewage, until 1968 when a new treatment facility was built on <a href="/wiki/Deer_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Deer Island (Massachusetts)">Deer Island</a>. The pumping station is also architecturally significant as a <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hobson_Richardson" title="Henry Hobson Richardson">Richardsonian</a> <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> designed by the then Boston city architect, <a href="/wiki/George_Albert_Clough" title="George Albert Clough">George Clough</a>. It is also the only remaining 19th century building on Columbia Point and is in the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Calf_Pasture_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calf_Pasture-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900s–50s"><span id="1900s.E2.80.9350s"></span>1900s–50s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1900s–50s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbia_Point_from_Carson_Beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2d/Columbia_Point_from_Carson_Beach.jpg/250px-Columbia_Point_from_Carson_Beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2d/Columbia_Point_from_Carson_Beach.jpg/375px-Columbia_Point_from_Carson_Beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2d/Columbia_Point_from_Carson_Beach.jpg/500px-Columbia_Point_from_Carson_Beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="401" /></a><figcaption>Columbia Point housing from Carson Beach. The photo depicts a 1977 racial conflict between residents of Columbia Point and <a href="/wiki/South_Boston,_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="South Boston, Boston">South Boston</a> for the use of Carson Beach and the L Street bath house.</figcaption></figure> <p>Land-filling had caused the creation of Columbus Park on the peninsula and what was then called “Day Boulevard”, now Morrissey Boulevard, by 1934. There was a huge trash dump on the peninsula which turned into more landfill for other use. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, small barracks were built on this landfill for some prisoners of war. After the war, these were re-used for the Columbia Point Veterans Village. Also, in 1950, <a href="/wiki/Boston_College_High_School" title="Boston College High School">Boston College High School</a> relocated from the <a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a> of Boston to its present home on Morrissey Boulevard. </p><p>More landfill on the north shore of the peninsula had been created to build the Columbia Point Development housing projects which were the largest in Boston and New England and built by the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Housing_Authority" title="Boston Housing Authority">Boston Housing Authority</a>. The area was now known as Columbia Point. The Columbia Point Development was completed in 1954 and had 1,500 apartments in 27 nearly identical three- and seven-story buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-SCHUBERT_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCHUBERT-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ARCHITECTMAGAZINE_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARCHITECTMAGAZINE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the Columbia Point public housing project opened in 1953, its initial demographics reflected that of the city's population: white tenants made up more than 90 percent of the population while black families made up approximately 7 percent. All reports at the time indicated that racial and ethnic tensions were minimal, that there were high levels of <a href="/wiki/Social_capital" title="Social capital">social trust</a> within the neighborhood, and by 1955, had a long waiting list of families wanting to become new tenants.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other infrastructure was added, including public schools. The <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Transportation_Authority" title="Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority">MBTA</a> rapid transit stop was called Columbia, later to be known as the <a href="/wiki/JFK/UMass_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="JFK/UMass (MBTA station)">JFK/UMass</a> stop on the <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(MBTA)" title="Red Line (MBTA)">Red Line</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s">1960s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1960s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1960s, there was a movement of community residents from the Columbia Point housing projects to get the city dump, which was located on the peninsula, permanently closed. They were able to get attorney <a href="/wiki/F._Lee_Bailey" title="F. Lee Bailey">F. Lee Bailey</a> interested and to represent them. Eventually, the city dump closed in 1962 and the private dump, called Mile Road Dump, was ordered closed in February 1963 by the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Court</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the tenure of <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Boston Mayor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_F._Collins" title="John F. Collins">John F. Collins</a> (1960–1968), the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Housing_Authority" title="Boston Housing Authority">Boston Housing Authority</a> <a href="/wiki/Housing_segregation_in_the_United_States" title="Housing segregation in the United States">segregated</a> the <a href="/wiki/Subsidized_housing_in_the_United_States" title="Subsidized housing in the United States">public housing developments</a> in the city of Boston by moving black families into the development at Columbia Point while reserving developments in <a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/D_Street_Projects" title="D Street Projects">West Broadway Housing Development</a>) for white families who started refusing assignment to the Columbia Point project by the early 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201589_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201589-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1965, the first <a href="/wiki/Community_health_center" title="Community health center">community health center</a> in the United States was built on Columbia Point, the Columbia Point Community Health Center, and was founded by two Tufts University medical doctors, <a href="/wiki/H._Jack_Geiger" title="H. Jack Geiger">Jack Geiger</a> and Count Gibson.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geiger had previously studied the first community health centers and the principles of Community Oriented Primary Care with Sidney Kark <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and colleagues while serving as a medical student in rural <a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal" title="KwaZulu-Natal">Natal</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RoessnerP80_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RoessnerP80-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The health center was funded by the federal government's <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Economic_Opportunity" title="Office of Economic Opportunity">Office of Economic Opportunity</a> (OEO) and was needed to serve the community living in the Columbia Point Public Housing Projects which was on the isolated peninsula far away from Boston City Hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-RoessnerP80_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RoessnerP80-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The center still stands and is in use today as the Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center on Mount Vernon Street.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, due to shifting demographics, Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center reduced its primary care hours and focus, moving its primary care patients to the Neponset Health Center in the <a href="/wiki/Neponset,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Neponset, Massachusetts">Neponset</a> neighborhood of Dorchester.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DORCHESTERREPORTER_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DORCHESTERREPORTER-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1967, the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Planning_and_Development_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Planning and Development Agency">Boston Redevelopment Authority</a> (BRA) published a study, titled <i>An Urban Campus by the Sea</i>, which proposed locating the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> campus permanently at the former Columbia Point landfill.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201577_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201577-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1968, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts" title="University of Massachusetts">University of Massachusetts</a> Board of Trustees voted 12 to 4 to accept the Columbia Point proposal from the BRA.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201582_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201582-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The initial reactions of the residents of Columbia Point and <a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill</a> were mixed. A coalition of 26 community organizations in Columbia Point and <a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston" title="Dorchester, Boston">Dorchester</a> formed the "Dorchester Tenants Action Council" (DTAC) to prevent an influx of students into the public housing project on Mount Vernon Street.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As construction for the Columbia Point campus began, DTAC demanded the creation of a joint task force to address their housing concerns, while some within DTAC called for the university to construct dormitories as part of the Columbia Point proposal; legislation for doing so was proposed within the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_House_of_Representatives" title="Massachusetts House of Representatives">Massachusetts House of Representatives</a> but failed to pass.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201592_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201592-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to DTAC, the Columbia Point Community Development Council also asked that a number of construction jobs be reserved for residents of the projects,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201591_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201591-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including "set asides" for non-<a href="/wiki/Labor_unions_in_the_United_States" title="Labor unions in the United States">union</a> minority workers that would later become a source of friction between the community groups and the university against the construction management firm, McKee-Berger-Mansueto (MBM) overseeing the project, its subcontractors, and the construction unions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201599_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201599-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s–80s"><span id="1970s.E2.80.9380s"></span>1970s–80s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1970s–80s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg/250px-JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg/375px-JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg/500px-JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3711" data-file-height="1884" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy Library">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a> on the Columbia Point peninsula</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1974, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> campus was opened on the tip of Columbia Point, and called the Harbor Campus. </p><p>In 1977, after an unsuccessful bid to have the John F. Kennedy Library in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a> close to <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, ground was broken at the tip of Columbia Point for the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy Library">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a>, designed by the architect <a href="/wiki/I._M._Pei" title="I. M. Pei">I. M. Pei</a>, and dedicated on October 20, 1979. </p><p>The Columbia Point Housing Projects fell into disrepair and became quite dangerous. By the mid-1970s the Boston Housing Authority was under community, political, and legal pressure and orders to renovate and cure the living conditions at the site.<sup id="cite_ref-BHAPRELIMINARYPLAN07061976_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHAPRELIMINARYPLAN07061976-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PEREZVSBHA_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PEREZVSBHA-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time the UMass Boston campus opened in 1974, only 75 percent of the units in the Columbia Point housing project were occupied, and the BHA now thought of the complex as "housing of last resort."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201589_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201589-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1986, construction began for the new Harbor Point Apartments complex to replace the original Columbia Point public housing project, and was completed in 1990. By the 1980s, only 300 families were living in the housing development, in part, because the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Housing_Authority" title="Boston Housing Authority">Boston Housing Authority</a> had allowed the buildings to deteriorate and be occupied by <a href="/wiki/Squatting" title="Squatting">squatters</a>, and the public housing project had drawn comparisons to the <a href="/wiki/Pruitt%E2%80%93Igoe" title="Pruitt–Igoe">Pruitt–Igoe</a> Apartments in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cabrini%E2%80%93Green_Homes" title="Cabrini–Green Homes">Cabrini–Green Homes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg2015119_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg2015119-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a consequence, the Boston city government leased the development on a 99-year contract to a private developer composed of a tenant-run community task force and the Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison Corporation that was supported by the university.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg2015119–121_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg2015119–121-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Housing_estate" title="Housing estate">housing development</a> is now billed as luxury apartments.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lacking the federal, state, and local government investment required to renovate Columbia Point while maintaining the deep affordability attached to public housing, the Boston Housing Authority and City of Boston made the decision to turn the property over to a private company to redevelop the area into a luxury, market-rate apartment complex with a portion of the units set aside as subsidized privately owned units. In 1984, the firm Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison was given control of the management, planning, demolition and renovation for the Columbia Point Housing Projects. A 99-year lease from the city of Boston was granted to and co-owned by the (Harbor Point Apartments, L.P.) Harbor Point Community Task Force (tenants' elected board) and a partnership of developers led by Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison Corporation.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT11231991_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT11231991-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction on the new Harbor Point development began in 1986. During a recession in 1988 with a slump in the housing market, deficits and expensive loans ($175 million in state and federal loans), the Harbor Point development came close to bankruptcy. <a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron Corporation</a> rescued the redevelopment by investing $34 million, with Chevron taking advantage of $38 million in corporate tax credits and depreciation established by Congress in 1986 encouraging private investment in low-income housing.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT11231991_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT11231991-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The renovations to the newly mixed-income complex, renamed Harbor Point Apartments, were completed in 1990 with 1200 apartments: 800 market-rate and 400 subsidized (compared to the previous 1,500 units public housing units).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has received praise for its planning and revitalization from the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Land_Institute" title="Urban Land Institute">Urban Land Institute</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=FIABCI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FIABCI (page does not exist)">FIABCI</a> award, a gold medal with the <a href="/wiki/Rudy_Bruner_Award_for_Urban_Excellence" title="Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence">Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence</a> in 1993,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BRUNERCASESTUDY1993_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BRUNERCASESTUDY1993-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was used as a model for the federal <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">HUD</a> <a href="/wiki/HOPE_VI" title="HOPE VI">HOPE VI</a> public housing demolition and redevelopment program begun in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-Roessner_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roessner-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ARCHITECTMAGAZINE_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARCHITECTMAGAZINE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two Boston architects were instrumental in the redesign of Columbia Point Housing Projects into the new and upscale Harbor Point Apartments: <a href="/wiki/Joan_E._Goody" title="Joan E. Goody">Joan E. Goody</a> and Samuel "Sy" Mintz. Goody was interested in putting townhouses on the property whereas Mintz worked on re-vitalizing and re-making the existing buildings and their footprints.<sup id="cite_ref-UHUB2017_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHUB2017-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Harbouratcolumbiapt.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Harbouratcolumbiapt.JPG/250px-Harbouratcolumbiapt.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Harbouratcolumbiapt.JPG/375px-Harbouratcolumbiapt.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Harbouratcolumbiapt.JPG/500px-Harbouratcolumbiapt.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3280" data-file-height="2108" /></a><figcaption>View of Old Harbor at Columbia Point.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2008, plans and proposals were unveiled and presented to public community hearings by the Corcoran-Jennison Company to redevelop the 30-acre (12 ha) <a href="/wiki/Bayside_Expo_Center" title="Bayside Expo Center">Bayside Exposition Center</a> site on the Columbia Point peninsula into a mixed use village of storefronts and residences, called "Bayside on the Point".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were serious problems with the ongoing development plans, since the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Water_Resources_Authority" title="Massachusetts Water Resources Authority">Massachusetts Water Resources Authority</a> had planned to build a sewage odor control facility just adjacent to the development site.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, in 2009, the Bayside Expo Center property was lost in a foreclosure on Corcoran-Jennison to a Florida-based real estate firm, LNR/CMAT, who bought it. Soon after, the University of Massachusetts Boston bought the property from them to build future campus facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2010, The University of Massachusetts Boston in conjunction with the University of Massachusetts Building Authority formally signed the purchase papers and bought the Bayside Expo property for $18.7 million. In 2010, the university plans to break ground and start building a new science laboratory and other facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late 2012, a developer, Synergy Investments, announced plans to put up a residential building at 25 Morrissey Blvd. right next to the JFK/UMass train stop, on an abandoned lot, to further develop the foot of the Columbia Point peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-BGNEWAPTS2012_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BGNEWAPTS2012-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DOTNEWS2012_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOTNEWS2012-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, in 2012, developer Corcoran-Jennison Companies announced plans to build another residential building on Mt. Vernon Street on the site of the office complex next to the former Bayside Expo.<sup id="cite_ref-DOTNEWSCJ2012_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOTNEWSCJ2012-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Redevelopment_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Redevelopment Authority">Boston Redevelopment Authority</a> began a study on redeveloping the main road on Columbia Point, Mount Vernon Street, in conjunction with the Master Plan for the peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-MTVERNONSTPROJECT_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MTVERNONSTPROJECT-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 30, 2015 the <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a> was dedicated by <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> in attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Institute has been open to the public since March 31, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, discussions opened up as to what to do with the two Boston Public schools on Columbia Point: Dever Elementary School, which was in receivership, and the McCormack Middle School. There were plans for a high school to be placed there.<sup id="cite_ref-DOTNEWS12062018_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOTNEWS12062018-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Fall 2018, UMASS/Boston opened up two new high-rise student dormitory buildings on the campus next to the Athletic Complex. These were the first on-campus dormitories built at UMASS/Boston. </p><p>In 2019, The Bayside Expo site now leveled and owned by UMASS/Boston is leased out for 99 years for development to Accordia Partners for $235 million.<sup id="cite_ref-DORNEWS02142019_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DORNEWS02142019-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BIZJOURNAL2019_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BIZJOURNAL2019-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2018, <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Boston Mayor</a> <a href="/wiki/Marty_Walsh" title="Marty Walsh">Marty Walsh</a> announced a comprehensive <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_adaptation" title="Climate change adaptation">climate change adaptation</a> proposal to protect the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor" title="Boston Harbor">Boston Harbor</a> coastline from <a href="/wiki/Coastal_flooding" title="Coastal flooding">coastal flooding</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in October 2020, the Walsh administration released a 174-page climate change adaptation report for the Boston Harbor coastline in Dorchester with a section on Columbia Point and <a href="/wiki/Morrissey_Boulevard" title="Morrissey Boulevard">Morrissey Boulevard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Planning_%26_Development_Agency" title="Boston Planning & Development Agency">Boston Planning & Development Agency</a> (BPDA) approved a proposal by the Dorchester <a href="/wiki/Boys_%26_Girls_Clubs_of_America" title="Boys & Girls Clubs of America">Boys & Girls Club</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Martin_Richard_Foundation" title="Martin Richard Foundation">Martin Richard Foundation</a> to construct a 3-<a href="/wiki/Storey" title="Storey">story</a> <a href="/wiki/Field_house" title="Field house">field house</a> on Mount Vernon Street.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2022, <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Boston Mayor</a> <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Wu" title="Michelle Wu">Michelle Wu</a> vetoed a $5 million amendment for the field house proposal that had been approved by the <a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Council" title="Boston City Council">Boston City Council</a> for the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> aid package the city received under the <a href="/wiki/American_Rescue_Plan_Act_of_2021" title="American Rescue Plan Act of 2021">American Rescue Plan Act of 2021</a> despite supporting the proposal itself.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2022, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Governor of Massachusetts">Massachusetts Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Baker" title="Charlie Baker">Charlie Baker</a> signed into law an instrastructure spending bill that included a $1 million appropriation for the field house proposal.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2022, the Boston Zoning Board of Appeals approved the field house proposal.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline">Timeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source: Lawton, University of Massachusetts Boston, research materials </p> <ul><li>1630 – <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> settlers land on Columbia Point. The site is used as a calf pasture for the town of Dorchester until 1869</li> <li>1884 – The Sewage pumping station opens at the end of Mile Road.</li> <li>1942 – Camp McKay, used to house Italian prisoners during World War II, is built on the north side of the peninsula.</li> <li>1954 – Columbia Point housing project opens and the first tenants move in.</li> <li>1965 – The Columbia Point Health Center, the first community health center in the country, opens.</li> <li>1966 – Construction of the Bayside Mall begins.</li> <li>1971 – Construction of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> begins.</li> <li>1974 – The Harbor Campus of the University of Massachusetts Boston, opens on Columbia Point.</li> <li>1975 – Tenants at several public housing projects file suit against the Boston Housing Authority, complaining of sub-standard living conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-PEREZVSBHA_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PEREZVSBHA-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1978 – The <a href="/wiki/Boston_Redevelopment_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Redevelopment Authority">Boston Redevelopment Authority</a> receives a $10 million federal grant for improvements at the Columbia Point housing project.</li> <li>1979 – The Boston Housing Authority is placed in receivership by the courts.</li> <li>1979 – The <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a> is formally dedicated.</li> <li>1984 – The Boston Housing Authority’s receivership ends and Corcoran, Mullins, Jennison, a private development company, takes over the management of Columbia Point, initiating a major cleanup and intensive maintenance improvements.</li> <li>1985 – The Massachusetts State Archives opens in November.</li> <li>1986 – The construction of the new Harbor Point housing complex, a mixed-income community, on the site of the former Columbia Point housing projects, begins.</li> <li>1998 – Harbor Point Apartments achieves a 99% occupancy rate and celebrates its tenth anniversary.</li> <li>2008 – A proposal for the re-development of the Bayside Exposition Center site into a mixed residential and commercial property to be called "Bayside on the Point" was offered for public perusal.</li> <li>2009 – The Bayside Exposition Center site is lost in a foreclosure and eventually sold to the University of Massachusetts Boston.<sup id="cite_ref-DOTNEWS2010_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOTNEWS2010-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010 – The University of Massachusetts Boston formally buys the Bayside Expo property for $18.7 million in February 2010</li> <li>2015 – The <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a> opened to the public in March.</li> <li>2018 - Two student dormitory buildings are opened for UMASS/Boston on the peninsula</li> <li>2019 - The Bayside Expo site owned by UMASS/Boston is leased out for 99 years for development to Accordia Partners for $235 million <sup id="cite_ref-DORNEWS02142019_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DORNEWS02142019-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BIZJOURNAL2019_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BIZJOURNAL2019-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Calf_Pasture-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Calf_Pasture_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calf_Pasture_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calf_Pasture_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=584">"Calf Pasture Pumping Station"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927181427/http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=584">Archived</a> 2011-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Atheneum</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whiting, E., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.bpl.org/details_11129/?srch_query=dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">Map of Dorchester Massachusetts in 1850</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202033533/http://maps.bpl.org/details_11129/?srch_query=dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">Archived</a> 2008-12-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> - <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a> Map Collection. The maps shows the Crescent Avenue Depot of the Old Colony Railroad Line.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SCHUBERT-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SCHUBERT_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schubert, Michael F.; Thresher, Alison, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uic.edu/cuppa/gci/publications/workingpaperseries/pdfs/Lessons%20from%20the%20Field.pdf">"Lessons from the Field: Three Case Studies of Mixed Income Housing Development"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100605013646/http://www.uic.edu/cuppa/gci/publications/workingpaperseries/pdfs/Lessons%20from%20the%20Field.pdf">Archived</a> 2010-06-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Great Cities Institute, College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Chicago">University of Illinois at Chicago</a>, April 1996, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ARCHITECTMAGAZINE-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ARCHITECTMAGAZINE_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARCHITECTMAGAZINE_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Witold_Rybczynski" title="Witold Rybczynski">Rybczynski, Witold</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.architectmagazine.com/design/looking-back-at-the-success-of-harbor-point_o">"Looking Back at the Success of Harbor Point : Harbor Point was failed public housing—until it was rebuilt as the nation's first mixed-income community. Twenty-five years later, what can we learn from this visionary project?"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Architects#Magazine" title="American Institute of Architects">Architect</a></i> magazine, The Journal of the <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Architects" title="American Institute of Architects">American Institute of Architects</a>, August 16, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201587_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. Roessner, Jane, <i>A Decent Place to Live</i>, Chapters 8 ("Columbia Point in the Spotlight"), p.56, and Chapter 13 ("Planning for Columbia Point"), p.107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201589-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201589_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201589_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, p. 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRothstein2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rothstein" title="Richard Rothstein">Rothstein, Richard</a> (2017). <a href="/wiki/The_Color_of_Law" title="The Color of Law"><i>The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Boni_%26_Liveright" title="Boni & Liveright">Liveright Publishing Corporation</a>. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1631494536" title="Special:BookSources/978-1631494536"><bdi>978-1631494536</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Color+of+Law%3A+A+Forgotten+History+of+How+Our+Government+Segregated+America&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Liveright+Publishing+Corporation&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1631494536&rft.aulast=Rothstein&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColumbia+Point%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.unc.edu/mss/inv/d/Delta_Health_Center.html">Delta Health Center Records, 1966-1987</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Historical_Collection" title="Southern Historical Collection">Southern Historical Collection</a> at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">Sargent Shriver</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sargentshriver.com/medium_file/file/2047/1967_-_COMPREHENSIVE_HEALTH_SERVICES_PRESS_CONFERENCE.pdf">"Remarks of Mr. Shriver at Comprehensive Health Services Press Conference. June 1, 1967"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090206221840/http://www.sargentshriver.com/medium_file/file/2047/1967_-_COMPREHENSIVE_HEALTH_SERVICES_PRESS_CONFERENCE.pdf">Archived</a> February 6, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Cf. p.5: "Grantee: Tufts University School Of Medicine, Medford, Massachusetts; Operating Institution: Tufts University School of Medicine-Department of Preventive Medicine; Project Director: Count Gibson, M.D., H. Jack Geiger, M.D., Professors of Preventative Medicine, Tufts University; Location: Columbia Point, Boston, Mass. and Bolivar County, Mississippi; Items of Special Interest: One of the original demonstration programs to contrast a model of a northern urban center with a southern rural one; Amount: $1,168,099, $138,888, $281,685, $3,417,630; Date Approved: 6/24/65, 8/65, 3/30/66, 1/15/67"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brown, Theodore M., and Fee, Elizabeth, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/full/92/11/1744">"VOICES FROM THE PAST: Sidney Kark and John Cassel : Social Medicine Pioneers and South African Emigrés"</a>, <i>American Journal of Public Health</i>, November 2002, Vol 92, No. 11, 1744-1745</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/ggprogram/geiger.cfm">Dr. Jack Geiger's biography page at George Washington University, School of Public Health and Health Services</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120517205602/http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/ggprogram/geiger.cfm">Archived</a> May 17, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/ggprogram/gibson.cfm">Dr. Count Gibson's biography at George Washington University, School of Public Health and Health Services</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214195021/http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/ggprogram/gibson.cfm">Archived</a> 2012-02-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RoessnerP80-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RoessnerP80_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RoessnerP80_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. Roessner, p.80</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostoninnovation.org/pdf/1965_Columbia_PHC_mini_case_10.12.05.pdf">"1965 Columbia Point Health Center"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160112225907/http://www.bostoninnovation.org/pdf/1965_Columbia_PHC_mini_case_10.12.05.pdf">Archived</a> 2016-01-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> - Boston History and Innovation Collaborative</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kong, Dolores, "25 Years of Intensive Caring", The Boston Globe. October 28, 1990, Metro Section, 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dumcius, Gintautas, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/2012/geiger-gibson-easing-its-practice-primary-care">"Geiger Gibson easing off its practice of primary care"</a>, <i>Dorchester Reporter</i>, Jun. 7, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DORCHESTERREPORTER-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DORCHESTERREPORTER_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sheehan, Daniel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dotnews.com/2021/health-community-offers-final-salutes-dr-geiger">"Health Community Offers Final Salutes to Dr. Geiger"</a>, <i>Dorchester Reporter</i>, January 7, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openarchives.umb.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15774coll22/id/38">"Campus by the Sea :: UMass Boston Historic Documents"</a>. University of Massachusetts Boston<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Campus+by+the+Sea+%3A%3A+UMass+Boston+Historic+Documents&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Boston&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopenarchives.umb.edu%2Fcdm%2Fref%2Fcollection%2Fp15774coll22%2Fid%2F38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColumbia+Point%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201577-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201577_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201582-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201582_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, p. 82.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201592-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201592_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201591-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201591_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201599-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg201599_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, p. 99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BHAPRELIMINARYPLAN07061976-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BHAPRELIMINARYPLAN07061976_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Boston Housing Authority, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/preliminaryplanf00bost">"Preliminary Plan for the Columbia Point Development"</a>, July 6, 1976</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PEREZVSBHA-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PEREZVSBHA_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PEREZVSBHA_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://masscases.com/cases/sjc/379/379mass703.html">"ARMANDO PEREZ & others vs. BOSTON HOUSING AUTHORITY"</a>, Massachusetts SJC, 1975/1979, 379 Mass. 703</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg2015119-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg2015119_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFeldberg2015119–121-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFeldberg2015119–121_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFeldberg2015">Feldberg 2015</a>, pp. 119–121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.harborpointonthebay.com">"Harbor Point on the Bay"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Harbor+Point+on+the+Bay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.harborpointonthebay.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColumbia+Point%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT11231991-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT11231991_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT11231991_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE1DB103BF930A15752C1A967958260">"Boston War Zone Becomes Public Housing Dream"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, November 23, 1991</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Atlantic Capital Corporation, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlanticap.com/realestate/harborpoint.asp">"Harbor Point"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707182739/http://www.atlanticap.com/realestate/harborpoint.asp">Archived</a> 2011-07-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlanticap.com/realestate/trackrecord.asp">"Track Record"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707183308/http://www.atlanticap.com/realestate/trackrecord.asp">Archived</a> 2011-07-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Swindells, Katherine, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bunewsservice.com/on-the-wrong-side-of-the-highway-harbor-points-fight-for-dorchester-students/">On the Wrong Side of the Highway</a>, <i>Boston University News Service</i>, January 10, 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rudybruneraward.org/?s=harbor+point">"Rudy Bruner Award 1993: Harbor Point"</a>, The Bruner Foundation, 1993</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BRUNERCASESTUDY1993-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BRUNERCASESTUDY1993_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brunerfoundation.org/rba/pdfs/1993/02_harborpoint.pdf">"Case Study: Harbor Point"</a>, Rudy Bruner Foundation, 1993</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022324/http://libweb.lib.buffalo.edu/bruner/year/project.asp?searchby=year&entry=334">"The 1993 Gold Medal Rudy Bruner Award for Harbor Point Redevelopment"</a>, Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence, Digital Archive, SUNY University at Buffalo Libraries. (archived 2011)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roessner-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Roessner_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. Roessner, p.293. "The HOPE VI housing program, inspired in part by the success of Harbor Point, was created by legislation passed by Congress in 1992."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thebaud, Angie; Haffner, Jeanne; Guerra, Erick, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://i2ud.org/harborpoint/">"Privately-Funded Public Housing Redevelopment: A Study of the Transformation of Columbia Point (Boston, MA)"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120908010922/http://i2ud.org/harborpoint/">Archived</a> 2012-09-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_for_International_Urban_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute for International Urban Development (page does not exist)">Institute for International Urban Development</a> (I2UD), Cambridge, MA, September 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UHUB2017-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UHUB2017_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalhub.com/2017/architect-who-helped-transform-harbor-point-looks">"Architect who helped transform Harbor Point looks to do the same for Bunker Hill project - but this time as a volunteer"</a>, Universal Hub / Charlestown Patriot-Bridge, Fri, 03/10/2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stidman, Pete, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/new%20deal%20for%20columbia%20pt.html">"Sketches outline new-deal for Columbia Point"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213143128/http://www.dotnews.com/new%20deal%20for%20columbia%20pt.html">Archived</a> 2012-02-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Reporter, August 14, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stidman, Pete, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/bayside%20developers.html">"Bayside developers go public with site plans"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213143149/http://www.dotnews.com/bayside%20developers.html">Archived</a> 2012-02-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Reporter, July 17, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baysideonthepoint.com/">Bayside on the Point website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140517002910/http://baysideonthepoint.com/">Archived</a> 2014-05-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stidman, Pete, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/Next%20great%20neighborhood.html">"Next great neighborhood' planned for Morrissey site"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213143208/http://www.dotnews.com/Next%20great%20neighborhood.html">Archived</a> 2012-02-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Reporter, November 13, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dumcius, Gintautas, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/odorcontrol.html">"Odor control facility raises new questions on Columbia Point"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213143407/http://www.dotnews.com/odorcontrol.html">Archived</a> 2012-02-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Reporter, February 21, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stidman, Pete, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/Odor%20facility.html">"Odor facility clouds future of Bayside project"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213143423/http://www.dotnews.com/Odor%20facility.html">Archived</a> 2012-02-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Reporter, November 20, 2008</span> </li> <li 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.atitle=Martin+Richard+field+house+approved+on+Mt.+Vernon+Street&rft.date=2022-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2F2022%2Fmartin-richard-field-house-approved-mt-vernon-street&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColumbia+Point%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOTNEWS2010-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DOTNEWS2010_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forry, Ed, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dotnews.com/2010/breaking-news-umass-and-bayside-expo-agree-sale">"BREAKING NEWS- UMass and Bayside Expo agree on sale"</a>, <i>The Dorchester Reporter</i>, February 17, 2010</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://004e136.netsolhost.com/images/7HP.pdf">"Urban Transformations: Columbia Point - Harbor Point, Boston"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080410093941/http://004e136.netsolhost.com/images/7HP.pdf">Archived</a> 2008-04-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Ball, Joanne, "Can Columbia Point Be Harbor Point? Conversion Represents A Test Of Social Engineering", <i>The Boston Globe</i>, August 14, 1988</li> <li>Boston Society of Architects, <a href="/wiki/Joan_E._Goody" title="Joan E. Goody">Goody, Joan E.</a>, Chair, &al.,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/columbiapointnew00bost/page/n11/mode/2up">"Columbia Point, a new vision"</a>, c.1991. Collection of Boston Public Library.</li> <li>Bressi, Todd, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://places.designobserver.com/media/pdf/From_the_Outsi_750.pdf">"From the Outside Looking In: An Evaluation of Harbor Point"</a>, <i>Places</i> journal, v.8, no.4, Summer 1993, College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley</li> <li>Diesenhouse, Susan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/15/us/community-rises-from-boston-slum.html">"Community Rises From Boston Slum"</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, November 15, 1987</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_E._Goody" title="Joan E. Goody">Goody, Joan E.</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://places.designobserver.com/media/pdf/From_Project_t_204.pdf">"From Project to Community: The Redesign of Columbia Point"</a>, <i>Places</i> journal, v.8, no.4, Summer 1993, College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley</li> <li>Higgins, Richard, "As Columbia Point Is Reborn, Nuns Face Displacement Battle", <i>The Boston Globe</i>, July 23, 1988</li> <li>Kamin, Blair, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011134151/http://www.nbm.org/blueprints/summer97/page4/page4.htm">"Rethinking Public Housing"</a>, <i>Blueprints</i> magazine, v.15, n.3, Summer 1997 issue, <a href="/wiki/National_Building_Museum" title="National Building Museum">National Building Museum</a>, Washington, D.C.</li> <li>Lawton, Heather Block, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060919221130/http://www.lib.umb.edu/archives/points.html">Research Materials for the book "A Decent Place to Live: from Columbia Point to Harbor Point"</a>, University of Massachusetts, Boston, September 2001. (archived 2006)</li> <li>Marwell, Stuart; Burke, Bryan; Hudak, Andrew, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/calfpasturepumpi00marw">"Calf Pasture Pumping Station"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a>, BRA (<a href="/wiki/Boston_Redevelopment_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Redevelopment Authority">Boston Redevelopment Authority</a>) collection</li> <li>Millson, Rebecca Michelle; Spirn, Anne Whiston, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071018105904/http://web.mit.edu/millson/www/4.211/index.html">MIT 4.211 course on "The Once and Future City"</a>, focusing on Harbor Point/Columbia Point, Spring 2007. (archived 2007)</li> <li>Pader, Ellen J; Breitbart, Myrna Margulies, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://places.designobserver.com/media/pdf/Transforming_P_571.pdf">"Transforming Public Housing: Conflicting Visions for Harbor Point"</a>, <i>Places</i> journal, v.8, no.4, Summer 1993, College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley</li> <li>Roessner, Jane. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IU4GRtCNbHMC&q=a+decent+place+to+live">"A Decent Place to Live: from Columbia Point to Harbor Point - A Community History"</a>, Boston: Northeastern University Press, c2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55553-437-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-55553-437-6">1-55553-437-6</a> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030401200324/http://adecentplacetolive.com/index.html">Excerpts from the book "A Decent Place to Live"</a></li></ul></li> <li>Rybczynski, Witold, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.architectmagazine.com/affordable-housing/radical-revival.aspx">"Radical Revival: Harbor Point was failed public housing—until it was rebuilt as the nation's first mixed-income community. Twenty-five years later, what can we learn from this visionary project?"</a>, <i>ARCHITECT: The Magazine of the American Institute of Architects</i>, <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Architects" title="American Institute of Architects">American Institute of Architects</a>, August 16, 2013</li> <li>Silverstein, Nina M.; Conahan, Judith M., &al., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarworks.umb.edu/gerontologyinstitute_pubs/15/">"Aging in Place at Harbor Point: Outreach Follow-Up of Older Adults Living in Independent Mixed-Income Apartments"</a>, Gerontology Institute and College of Public and Community Service, University of Massachusetts Boston, November 2004</li> <li>Thebaud, Angie, et al., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.i2ud.org/documents/Case%20Studies/Harbor%20Point_IIUD_2008.pdf">"Privately-Funded Public Housing Redevelopment: A Study of the Transformation of Columbia Point"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160316155341/http://i2ud.org/documents/Case%20Studies/Harbor%20Point_IIUD_2008.pdf">Archived</a> 2016-03-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Boston, Massachusetts, September 2008, Institute for International Urban Development</li> <li>Vale, Lawrence J., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D855PFwzHzoC"><i>From the Puritans to the projects: public housing and public neighbors</i></a>, Harvard University Press, 2000. Cf. especially <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D855PFwzHzoC&q=columbia+point">p.255, 357-8, various</a> on Columbia Point Housing Project history.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Columbia_Point,_Boston" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Columbia Point, Boston">Columbia Point, Boston</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121119012445/http://www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/pdf/maps/columbiapoint.pdf">Map of Columbia Point</a> - Boston Redevelopment Authority, City of Boston (archived 2012)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostonplans.org/planning/planning-initiatives/columbia-point-master-plan">"Columbia Point Master Plan"</a> - Boston Redevelopment Authority, City of Boston</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080410093941/http://004e136.netsolhost.com/images/7HP.pdf">Urban Transformations: Columbia Point - Harbor Point, Boston</a> - presentation slides, Professor David W. Manzo, Boston College (archived 2008)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070716025814/http://www.communityheritagemaps.com/dorchester1899/restored/dorchester02.html">1899 Map of Dorchester, Massachusetts with the N.Y. N.H. & H. R.R. running on the Old Colony line</a> - note Mt. Vernon Street and part of Columbia Point in the lower right hand corner (archived 2007)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/boston_1903.jpg">Boston 1903 map</a> - see the Calf Pasture on Columbia Point in the lower middle right hand side just above Savin Hill</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography_2">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Point,_Boston&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeldberg2015" class="citation book cs1">Feldberg, Michael (2015). <i>UMass Boston at 50: A Fiftieth-Anniversary History of the University of Massachusetts Boston</i>. <a href="/wiki/Amherst,_Massachusetts" title="Amherst, Massachusetts">Amherst, MA</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Press" title="University of Massachusetts Press">University of Massachusetts Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1625341693" title="Special:BookSources/978-1625341693"><bdi>978-1625341693</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=UMass+Boston+at+50%3A+A+Fiftieth-Anniversary+History+of+the+University+of+Massachusetts+Boston&rft.place=Amherst%2C+MA&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1625341693&rft.aulast=Feldberg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColumbia+Point%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output 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#367BCA;;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_accent" title="Boston accent">Accent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_annual_events_in_Boston" title="List of annual events in Boston">Annual events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Boston" title="Architecture of Boston">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_arts_organizations_in_Boston" title="List of arts organizations in Boston">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Boston" title="Bibliography of Boston">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_in_Boston" title="Culture in Boston">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Boston">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Boston" title="List of diplomatic missions in Boston">Diplomatic missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Boston">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in Boston">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_metropolitan_Boston" title="List of colleges and universities in metropolitan Boston">Colleges and universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Boston">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Boston">Historic places</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_northern_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_southern_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in southern Boston">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Boston" title="History of Boston">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Boston" title="Timeline of Boston">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Boston" title="Media in Boston">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston nicknames">Nicknames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Boston" title="List of people from Boston">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Boston">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Boston" title="Port of Boston">Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Public library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Schools" title="Boston Public Schools">Public schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sister_cities_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sister cities of Boston">Sister cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Boston" title="List of tallest buildings in Boston">Skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_about_Boston" title="List of songs about Boston">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Boston" title="Transportation in Boston">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sites_of_interest_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sites of interest in Boston">Attractions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Common" title="Boston Common">Boston Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Convention_and_Exhibition_Center" title="Boston Convention and Exhibition Center">Boston Convention and Exhibition Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Irish_Famine_Memorial" title="Boston Irish Famine Memorial">Irish Famine Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party#Boston_Tea_Party_Ships_and_Museum" title="Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunker_Hill_Monument" title="Bunker Hill Monument">Bunker Hill Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Heights_Monument" title="Dorchester Heights Monument">Dorchester Heights Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faneuil_Hall" title="Faneuil Hall">Faneuil Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_Zoo" title="Franklin Park Zoo">Franklin Park Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Trail" title="Freedom Trail">Freedom Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Art,_Boston" title="Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston">Institute of Contemporary Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Stewart_Gardner_Museum" title="Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum">Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_State_House" title="Massachusetts State House">Massachusetts State House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_the_Great_Spirit" title="Appeal to the Great Spirit">Appeal to the Great Spirit</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_(Boston)" title="Museum of Science (Boston)">Museum of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Aquarium" title="New England Aquarium">New England Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_North_Church" title="Old North Church">Old North Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Revere_House" title="Paul Revere House">Paul Revere House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_Hall,_Boston" title="Symphony Hall, Boston">Boston Symphony Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Garden" title="TD Garden">TD Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution" title="USS Constitution">USS <i>Constitution</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution_Museum" title="USS Constitution Museum">Museum</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%">Business<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Boston" title="Downtown Boston">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway%E2%80%93Kenmore" title="Fenway–Kenmore">Fenway–Kenmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston" title="Government Center, Boston">Government Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovation_district" title="Innovation district">Innovation district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_128" title="Massachusetts Route 128">Route 128 corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies in Boston">List of companies in Boston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boston#Government_and_politics" title="Boston">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Charter" title="Boston City Charter">City charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Council" title="Boston City Council">City council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Hall" title="Boston City Hall">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Boston_mayoral_election" title="2021 Boston mayoral election">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Emergency_Medical_Services" title="Boston Emergency Medical Services">Emergency Medical Services (EMS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Finance_Commission" title="Boston Finance Commission">FinComm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Fire_Department" title="Boston Fire Department">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Housing_Authority" title="Boston Housing Authority">Housing (BHA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Planning_%26_Development_Agency" title="Boston Planning & Development Agency">Planning & Development Agency (BPDA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Police_Department" title="Boston Police Department">Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Neighborhoods in Boston">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston%E2%80%93Brighton" title="Allston–Brighton">Allston–Brighton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston" title="Allston">Allston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Boston" title="Brighton, Boston">Brighton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Village,_Boston" title="Bay Village, Boston">Bay Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Hill,_Boston" title="Beacon Hill, Boston">Beacon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Crossing" title="Downtown Crossing">Downtown Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston" title="Government Center, Boston">Government Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlestown,_Boston" title="Charlestown, Boston">Charlestown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boston" title="Chinatown, Boston">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston" title="Dorchester, Boston">Dorchester</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Columbia Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upham%27s_Corner" class="mw-redirect" title="Upham's Corner">Upham's Corner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Boston" title="East Boston">East Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway%E2%80%93Kenmore" title="Fenway–Kenmore">Fenway–Kenmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor_Islands_National_Recreation_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area">Harbor Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Boston" title="Hyde Park, Boston">Hyde Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Readville,_Boston" title="Readville, Boston">Readville</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain">Jamaica Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston" title="Forest Hills, Boston">Forest Hills</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_District" title="Leather District">Leather District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattapan" title="Mattapan">Mattapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Hill,_Boston" title="Mission Hill, Boston">Mission Hill</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longwood_Medical_and_Academic_Area" title="Longwood Medical and Academic Area">Longwood</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roslindale" title="Roslindale">Roslindale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Boston" title="Roxbury, Boston">Roxbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Hill,_Boston" title="Fort Hill, Boston">Fort Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Point,_Boston" title="Fort Point, Boston">Fort Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaport_District" title="Seaport District">Seaport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Boston" title="West End, Boston">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Roxbury" title="West Roxbury">West Roxbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Boston" title="Sports in Boston">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Bruins" title="Boston Bruins">Boston Bruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Celtics" title="Boston Celtics">Boston Celtics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon" title="Boston Marathon">Boston Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Free_Jacks" title="New England Free Jacks">New England Free Jacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Patriots" title="New England Patriots">New England Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Revolution" title="New England Revolution">New England Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Greater Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="Template:University of Massachusetts Boston"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="Template talk:University of Massachusetts Boston"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of Massachusetts Boston"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston"><span style="color: #FFFFFF">University of Massachusetts Boston</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;;width:1%">Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bayside_Expo_Center" title="Bayside Expo Center">Bayside Expo Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor" title="Boston Harbor">Boston Harbor</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Bay_(Boston_Harbor)" title="Dorchester Bay (Boston Harbor)">Dorchester Bay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Harborwalk" title="Boston Harborwalk">Boston Harborwalk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Calf_Pasture_Pumping_Station_Complex" title="Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex">Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston" title="Dorchester, Boston">Dorchester</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Columbia Point</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Shores_Reservation" title="Dorchester Shores Reservation">Dorchester Shores Reservation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/JFK/UMass_station" title="JFK/UMass station">JFK/UMass station</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Archives" title="Massachusetts Archives">Massachusetts Archives and Commonwealth Museum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Monan_Park" title="Monan Park">Monan Park</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morrissey_Boulevard" title="Morrissey Boulevard">Morrissey Boulevard</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Umb_-_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Umb_-_002.jpg/50px-Umb_-_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Umb_-_002.jpg/75px-Umb_-_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Umb_-_002.jpg/100px-Umb_-_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;;width:1%">Chancellors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_W._Ryan" title="John W. Ryan">John W. Ryan</a> (1965–1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Francis L. Broderick (1968–1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_L._Golino" title="Carlo L. Golino">Carlo L. Golino</a> (1973–1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Claire_Van_Ummersen" title="Claire Van Ummersen">Claire Van Ummersen</a></i> (1978–1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Corrigan" title="Robert A. Corrigan">Robert A. Corrigan</a> (1979–1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sherry A. Penney (1988–1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Jean_F._MacCormack" title="Jean F. MacCormack">Jean F. MacCormack</a></i> (1995–1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sherry A. Penney (1996–2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i>David MacKenzie</i> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jo_Ann_M._Gora" title="Jo Ann M. Gora">Jo Ann M. Gora</a> (2001–2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/J._Keith_Motley" title="J. Keith Motley">J. Keith Motley</a></i> (2004–2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Michael F. Collins (2005–2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._Keith_Motley" title="J. Keith Motley">J. Keith Motley</a> (2007–2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Barry_Mills_(college_president)" title="Barry Mills (college president)">Barry Mills</a></i> (2017–2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Newman" title="Katherine Newman">Katherine Newman</a></i> (2018–2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Su%C3%A1rez-Orozco" title="Marcelo Suárez-Orozco">Marcelo Suárez-Orozco</a> (2020–)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;;width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boston_State_College" title="Boston State College">Boston State College</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_W._McCormack_Graduate_School_of_Policy_and_Global_Studies" title="John W. McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies">John W. McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_England_Quarterly" title="The New England Quarterly">The New England Quarterly</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Park_Square_(Boston)" title="Park Square (Boston)">Park Square</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Armory_of_the_First_Corps_of_Cadets" title="Armory of the First Corps of Cadets">Armory of the First Corps of Cadets</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Park_Plaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Park Plaza">Boston Park Plaza</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WUMB-FM" title="WUMB-FM">WUMB-FM</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;"><div><i>Italics</i> indicates interim chancellor</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Islands_and_peninsulas_of_Massachusetts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islands_and_Peninsulas_of_Massachusetts" title="Template:Islands and Peninsulas of Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islands_and_Peninsulas_of_Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Islands and Peninsulas of Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islands_and_Peninsulas_of_Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islands and Peninsulas of Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islands_and_peninsulas_of_Massachusetts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Massachusetts" title="List of islands of Massachusetts">Islands</a> and peninsulas of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Island" title="Island">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abnecotants_Island" title="Abnecotants Island">Abnecotants Island</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adams_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Adams Island (Massachusetts)">Adams Island</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrita_Island" title="Amrita Island">Amrita Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelica_Rock" title="Angelica Rock">Angelica Rock</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apple_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Apple Island (Massachusetts)">Apple Island</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Averills_Island_(Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Averills Island (Massachusetts)">Averills Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachelor_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachelor Island">Bachelor Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakers_Island" title="Bakers Island">Bakers Island</a></li> <li>Bar Rock (Scituate)</li> <li>Baret Island</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barton_Island" title="Barton Island">Barton Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassetts_Island" title="Bassetts Island">Bassetts Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bates_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Bates Island (Massachusetts)">Bates Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Beaver Island (Massachusetts)">Beaver Island</a></li> <li>Big Pine Island</li> <li>Big Quamino Rock</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billingsgate_Island" title="Billingsgate Island">Billingsgate Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Bird Island (Massachusetts)">Bird Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Rock_(Bristol_County,_Massachusetts)" title="Black Rock (Bristol County, Massachusetts)">Black Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blueberry_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Blueberry Island (Massachusetts)">Blueberry Island</a></li> <li>Boston Ledge</li> <li>Brant Island</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_Bluff-Brant_Rock,_Massachusetts" title="Ocean Bluff-Brant Rock, Massachusetts">Brant Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumpkin_Island" title="Bumpkin Island">Bumpkin Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busta_Rhymes_Island" title="Busta Rhymes Island">Busta Rhymes Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Button_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Button Island (Massachusetts)">Button Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calf_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Calf Island (Massachusetts)">Calf Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrick_Island_(Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Carrick Island (Massachusetts)">Carrick Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Rock_(Massachusetts)" title="Castle Rock (Massachusetts)">Castle Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cemetery_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Cemetery Island (Massachusetts)">Cemetery Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chappaquiddick_Island" title="Chappaquiddick Island">Chappaquiddick Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Island" title="Children's Island">Children's Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childs_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Childs Island (Massachusetts)">Childs Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choate_Island" title="Choate Island">Choate Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chubb_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Chubb Island (Massachusetts)">Chubb Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Clark Island (Massachusetts)">Clark Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark%27s_Island" title="Clark's Island">Clark's Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Cleveland Island (Massachusetts)">Cleveland Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobble_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Cobble Island (Massachusetts)">Cobble Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coney_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Coney Island (Massachusetts)">Coney Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_Island" title="Conspiracy Island">Conspiracy Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cormorant_Rock_(Essex_County,_Massachusetts)" title="Cormorant Rock (Essex County, Massachusetts)">Cormorant Rock (Marblehead)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Corn Island (Massachusetts)">Corn Island</a></li> <li>Cove Ledge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crow_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Crow Island (Massachusetts)">Crow Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowninshield_Island" title="Crowninshield Island">Crowninshield Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuttyhunk_Island" title="Cuttyhunk Island">Cuttyhunk Island</a></li> <li>Decatur Rock</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Island_(Amesbury,_Massachusetts)" title="Deer Island (Amesbury, Massachusetts)">Deer Island (Amesbury)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dole_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Dole Island (Massachusetts)">Dole Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_Rock" title="Egg Rock">Egg Rock (Concord)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_Rock_(Nahant_Bay)" title="Egg Rock (Nahant Bay)">Egg Rock (Nahant)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Islands" title="Elizabeth Islands">Elizabeth Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Fish Island (Massachusetts)">Fish Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallops_Island" title="Gallops Island">Gallops Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Georges Island (Massachusetts)">Georges Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gooseberry_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Gooseberry Island (Massachusetts)">Gooseberry Island</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Governors_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Governors Island (Massachusetts)">Governors Island</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Island_(Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Island (Massachusetts)">Grand Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grape_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Grape Island (Massachusetts)">Grape Island (Weymouth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grape_Island_(Essex_County,_Massachusetts)" title="Grape Island (Essex County, Massachusetts)">Grape Island (Ipswich)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Brewster_Island" title="Great Brewster Island">Great Brewster Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Green Island (Massachusetts)">Green Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gull_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Gull Island (Massachusetts)">Gull Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hales_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Hales Island (Massachusetts)">Hales Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangman_Island" title="Hangman Island">Hangman Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Island,_Massachusetts" title="Holy Island, Massachusetts">Holy Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="House Island (Massachusetts)">House Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langlee_Island" title="Langlee Island">Langlee Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Brewster_Island" title="Little Brewster Island">Little Brewster Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Long Island (Massachusetts)">Long Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovells_Island" title="Lovells Island">Lovells Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marblehead_Rock" title="Marblehead Rock">Marblehead Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha%27s_Vineyard" title="Martha's Vineyard">Martha's Vineyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Brewster_Island" title="Middle Brewster Island">Middle Brewster Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misery_Islands" title="Misery Islands">Misery Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monomoy_Island" title="Monomoy Island">Monomoy Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Moon Island (Massachusetts)">Moon Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskeget_Island" title="Muskeget Island">Muskeget Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahant,_Massachusetts" title="Nahant, Massachusetts">Nahant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantucket,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Nantucket, Massachusetts">Nantucket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashawena_Island" title="Nashawena Island">Nashawena Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naushon_Island" title="Naushon Island">Naushon Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixes_Mate" title="Nixes Mate">Nixes Mate</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noddle%27s_Island" title="Noddle's Island">Noddle's Island</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomans_Land_(Massachusetts)" title="Nomans Land (Massachusetts)">Nomans Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonamesset_Island" title="Nonamesset Island">Nonamesset Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_Island" title="Nut Island">Nut Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onset_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Onset Island (Massachusetts)">Onset Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Brewster_Island" title="Outer Brewster Island">Outer Brewster Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasque_Island" title="Pasque Island">Pasque Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peddocks_Island" title="Peddocks Island">Peddocks Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penikese_Island" title="Penikese Island">Penikese Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plum_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Plum Island (Massachusetts)">Plum Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popponesset_Island,_Massachusetts" title="Popponesset Island, Massachusetts">Popponesset Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popponesset_Spit" title="Popponesset Spit">Popponesset Spit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raccoon_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Raccoon Island (Massachusetts)">Raccoon Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragged_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Ragged Island (Massachusetts)">Ragged Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainsford_Island" title="Rainsford Island">Rainsford Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampsons_Island" title="Sampsons Island">Sampsons Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Sarah Island (Massachusetts)">Sarah Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shag_Rocks_(Massachusetts)" title="Shag Rocks (Massachusetts)">Shag Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate_Island" title="Slate Island">Slate Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Snake Island (Massachusetts)">Snake Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectacle_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Spectacle Island (Massachusetts)">Spectacle Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinnaker_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Spinnaker Island (Massachusetts)">Spinnaker Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stall_Hill_Island" title="Stall Hill Island">Stall Hill Island</a></li> <li>Tewksbury Rock</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thacher_Island" title="Thacher Island">Thacher Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Graves_(Massachusetts)" title="The Graves (Massachusetts)">The Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Thompson Island (Massachusetts)">Thompson Island</a></li> <li>Three and One-half Fathom Ledge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinker%27s_Island" title="Tinker's Island">Tinker's Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuckernuck_Island" title="Tuckernuck Island">Tuckernuck Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncatena_Island" title="Uncatena Island">Uncatena Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veckatimest_Island" title="Veckatimest Island">Veckatimest Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washburn_Island,_Massachusetts" title="Washburn Island, Massachusetts">Washburn Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weepecket_Islands" title="Weepecket Islands">Weepecket Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="West Island (Massachusetts)">West Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickets_Island" title="Wickets Island">Wickets Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Island" title="Winter Island">Winter Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">Peninsulas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Ann" title="Cape Ann">Cape Ann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod" title="Cape Cod">Cape Cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Castle Island (Massachusetts)">Castle Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_River_Peninsula" title="Charles River Peninsula">Charles River Peninsula</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charlestown_Neck" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlestown Neck">Charlestown Neck</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Columbia Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Deer Island (Massachusetts)">Deer Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houghs_Neck" title="Houghs Neck">Houghs Neck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humarock" title="Humarock">Humarock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemberton_Point" title="Pemberton Point">Pemberton Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popponesset_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Popponesset Peninsula">Popponesset Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Head_(Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ram Head (Massachusetts)">Ram Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Point_(Massachusetts)" title="Rocky Point (Massachusetts)">Rocky Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Point,_Massachusetts" title="Rose Point, Massachusetts">Rose Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem_Neck_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem Neck (Massachusetts)">Salem Neck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawmut_Peninsula" title="Shawmut Peninsula">Shawmut Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wings_Neck" title="Wings Neck">Wings Neck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World%27s_End_(Hingham)" title="World's End (Hingham)">World's End</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output 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