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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Father of Charles Dickens, clerk in the Royal Navy Pay Office</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">John Dickens</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:John-Dickens.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/John-Dickens.gif/220px-John-Dickens.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/John-Dickens.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1785-08-21</span>)</span>21 August 1785<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">31 March 1851<span style="display:none">(1851-03-31)</span> (aged 65)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Father of <a href="/wiki/English_novel" title="English novel">novelist</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dickens" title="Elizabeth Dickens">Elizabeth Barrow</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Dickens" title="Fanny Dickens">Frances Dickens</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a><br />Alfred Allen Dickens<br />Letitia Dickens<br /> Harriet Dickens<br /><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Dickens" title="Frederick Dickens">Frederick Dickens</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lamert_Dickens" title="Alfred Lamert Dickens">Alfred Lamert Dickens</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Dickens" title="Augustus Dickens">Augustus Dickens</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">William Dickens<br />Elizabeth Ball</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Dickens</b> (21 August 1785 – 31 March 1851) was the father of the famous English <a href="/wiki/English_novel" title="English novel">novelist</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> and was the model for <a href="/wiki/Mr_Micawber" class="mw-redirect" title="Mr Micawber">Mr Micawber</a> in his son's <a href="/wiki/Autobiographical_novel" title="Autobiographical novel">semi-autobiographical novel</a> <i><a href="/wiki/David_Copperfield_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Copperfield (novel)">David Copperfield</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Dickens&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The son of William Dickens (1719–1785) and Elizabeth Ball (1745–1824),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Dickens worked as a <a href="/wiki/Clerk_(position)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clerk (position)">clerk</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> Pay Office at <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> in Hampshire. On 13 June 1809 at <a href="/wiki/St_Mary_le_Strand" title="St Mary le Strand">St Mary le Strand</a>, London, he married <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dickens" title="Elizabeth Dickens">Elizabeth Barrow</a>, with whom he had eight children. He was later transferred to London and then to <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_Kent" title="Chatham, Kent">Chatham</a>, returning to live in <a href="/wiki/Camden_Town" title="Camden Town">Camden Town</a> in London in 1822 to work in <a href="/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House">Somerset House</a>. John Dickens found it difficult to provide for his growing family on his meagre income. Soon, his debts became so severe that all of the household goods were sold in an attempt to pay his bills, including furniture and silverware. He had eight children in total; his oldest child was <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Dickens" title="Fanny Dickens">Frances Elizabeth Dickens</a> whilst his second oldest was Charles Dickens. John's debts became too much and he was put in prison for debtors. This predicament caused Charles to leave school at the age of twelve to work in a factory, as he had become 'the man of the house' and the breadwinner in his father's absence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marshalsea_Prison">Marshalsea Prison</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Dickens&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Marshalsea Prison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Described by his son Charles as "a jovial opportunist with no money sense", unable to satisfy his creditors, on 20 February 1824 John Dickens was imprisoned in the <a href="/wiki/Marshalsea" title="Marshalsea">Marshalsea</a> Debtors' Prison under the <a href="/wiki/Insolvent_Debtors_(England)_Act_1813" title="Insolvent Debtors (England) Act 1813">Insolvent Debtors Act of 1813</a>, because he owed a baker, James Kerr, £40 and 10 shillings.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fidnet_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fidnet-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 1824 his wife, Elizabeth, joined her husband in the Marshalsea with their four youngest children. John Dickens was released after three months, on 28 May 1824,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a result of the death of his mother, Elizabeth Dickens, of the parish of <a href="/wiki/St_George_Hanover_Square" title="St George Hanover Square">St George, Hanover Square</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who had left him the sum of £450 in her will. On the expectation of this legacy, Dickens petitioned for, and was granted, release from prison. Under the Insolvent Debtors Act, Dickens arranged for payment of his creditors, and he and his family left Marshalsea for the home of Mrs. Roylance, with whom his 12-year-old son Charles was lodging. </p><p>Some years later, John Dickens was again briefly imprisoned for debt and was released only when his son <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles</a> borrowed money from his friends based on the security of his salary. However, on his release from prison, John Dickens immediately wrote <a href="/wiki/Begging_letter" title="Begging letter">begging letters</a> to those same friends of his son also asking for money. He wrote to Thomas Beard claiming that his son <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lamert_Dickens" title="Alfred Lamert Dickens">Alfred</a> "is walking to and from <a href="/wiki/Hampstead" title="Hampstead">Hampstead</a> daily in dancing Pumps".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years">Later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Dickens&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John-dickens-roffe.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/John-dickens-roffe.gif" decoding="async" width="155" height="186" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="186" /></a><figcaption>John Dickens by Edwin Roffe</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grave_of_the_parents_of_Charles_Dickens_in_Highgate_Cemetery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Grave_of_the_parents_of_Charles_Dickens_in_Highgate_Cemetery.jpg/220px-Grave_of_the_parents_of_Charles_Dickens_in_Highgate_Cemetery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Grave_of_the_parents_of_Charles_Dickens_in_Highgate_Cemetery.jpg/330px-Grave_of_the_parents_of_Charles_Dickens_in_Highgate_Cemetery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Grave_of_the_parents_of_Charles_Dickens_in_Highgate_Cemetery.jpg/440px-Grave_of_the_parents_of_Charles_Dickens_in_Highgate_Cemetery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2889" data-file-height="1777" /></a><figcaption>John Dickens's grave in <a href="/wiki/Highgate_Cemetery" title="Highgate Cemetery">Highgate Cemetery</a> (west side)</figcaption></figure> <p>Later he became a journalist, and in 1828 a parliamentary reporter, like his famous son before him.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Charles Dickens gained fame as a writer John Dickens frequently embarrassed his son by seeking loans from Charles's friends and publishers behind his back and by selling pages from his son's early manuscripts.<sup id="cite_ref-fidnet_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fidnet-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1836 John, his wife and youngest son <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Dickens" title="Augustus Dickens">Augustus Dickens</a> were lodging at Edward Street, just north of the <a href="/wiki/City_Road" title="City Road">City Road</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Edward Street was later renamed Micawber Street.<sup id="cite_ref-Micawber_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Micawber-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Concerned about his father's financial problems, in March 1839 Charles Dickens rented Mile End Cottage in <a href="/wiki/Alphington,_Devon" title="Alphington, Devon">Alphington</a> for his parents and youngest brother Augustus. The intention was to remove John as far away from London as possible in a comfortable residence, while reducing embarrassment to Charles.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, John Dickens merely continued to write to Charles's friends and publishers asking for money. He and his wife returned to London in 1842.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 March 1851, John Dickens died of a <a href="/wiki/Urethral" class="mw-redirect" title="Urethral">urethral</a> infection. According to a letter that Charles Dickens sent to his wife, John Dickens had been suffering from a bladder disease but had kept the condition secret until little could be done. After an operation, John Dickens lingered for several days before he died. The death certificate listed the cause of death as: "Rupture of the urethra from old standing stricture and consequent mortification of the scrotum from infiltration of urine."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dickens depicted his father in the character of <a href="/wiki/Wilkins_Micawber" title="Wilkins Micawber">Wilkins Micawber</a> in his semi-autobiographical novel <i><a href="/wiki/David_Copperfield_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Copperfield (novel)">David Copperfield</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Micawber lived at Windsor Terrace, City Road. This is just south of Micawber Street which was previously named Edward Street.<sup id="cite_ref-Micawber_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Micawber-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John Dickens was buried in <a href="/wiki/Highgate_Cemetery" title="Highgate Cemetery">Highgate Cemetery</a>, where in 1863 his remains were joined by those of his wife, Elizabeth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Children_of_John_Dickens">Children of John Dickens</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Dickens&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Children of John Dickens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Dickens" title="Fanny Dickens">Frances (Fanny) Elizabeth Dickens</a> (1810–1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> (1812–1870)</li> <li>Alfred Allan Dickens (1814–1814)</li> <li>Letitia Dickens (1816–1893)</li> <li>Harriet Dickens (1819–1824)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Dickens" title="Frederick Dickens">Frederick Dickens</a> (1820–1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lamert_Dickens" title="Alfred Lamert Dickens">Alfred Lamert Dickens</a> (1822–1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Dickens" title="Augustus Dickens">Augustus Dickens</a> (1827–1866)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Dickens&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>John Dickens is played by <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Pryce" title="Jonathan Pryce">Jonathan Pryce</a> in the 2017 film, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Invented_Christmas_(film)" title="The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)">The Man Who Invented Christmas</a></i>, which portrays the 1843 writing and production of Charles Dickens's <i><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Carol" title="A Christmas Carol">A Christmas Carol</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Dickens&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dickens_family" title="Dickens family">Dickens family</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Dickens&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.myheritage.com/FP/family-tree.php?s=50445521&familyTreeID=1">Dickens Family Tree website</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allingham, Philip V. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/dickens/pva/pva322.html">"Where the Dickens: A Chronology of the Various Residences of Charles Dickens, 1812–1870"</a>, Victorian Web, 22 November 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Darlington, Ida (1955) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=65440&strquery=">"Angel Place" "Southwark Prisons</a>", <i>Survey of London</i>, Volume 25: St George's Fields (The parishes of St. George the Martyr Southwark and St. Mary Newington), pp. 9–21 says he was imprisoned for £10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC1_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/4046359.stm">"Why Dickens had a conscience"</a> <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> 3 December 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fidnet-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fidnet_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fidnet_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fidnet.com/~dap1955/dickens/family_friends.html">John Dickens on 'Charles Dickens: Family and Friends</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090507152308/http://www.fidnet.com/~dap1955/dickens/family_friends.html">Archived</a> 7 May 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allingham 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">London Metropolitan Archives, Saint George, Hanover Square: Hanover Square, Westminster, Transcript of Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1824 Jan-1824 Dec, DL/t Item, 089/019, DL/T/089/019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ackroyd, pg 160</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eJcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA362">M. C. Rintoul 'Dictionary of Real People and Places in Fiction' Routledge, (1993) pg 362</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tomalin, Claire (2012).<i>Chapter 5: Four Publishers And A Wedding 1836</i> in <i>Charles Dickens: A Life.</i> London: Penguin Random House. p.69, note 16. Retrieved 28 August 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Micawber-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Micawber_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Micawber_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islington.gov.uk/~/media/sharepoint-lists/public-records/leisureandculture/information/factsheets/20192020/20190624charlesdickensandislington.pdf">Chapter III: In the footsteps of Dickens and his characters: Pentonville to Smithfield: In and around City Road, in <i>A Twist In The Tale: Charles Dickens And Islington.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211103111039/https://www.islington.gov.uk/~/media/sharepoint-lists/public-records/leisureandculture/information/factsheets/20192020/20190624charlesdickensandislington.pdf">Archived</a> 3 November 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 28 August 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tomalin, Claire (2012).<i>Chapter 7: Blackguards and Brigands 1837 - 1839</i> in <i>Charles Dickens: A Life.</i> London: Penguin Random House. p.101. Retrieved 28 August 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://exetercivicsociety.org.uk/plaques/parents-of-charles-dickens-church-road-alphington/">"Dickens, John and Elizabeth".</a> Exeter Civic Society. Retrieved 28 August 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Welsh, <i>Dickens Redressed: The Art of</i> Bleak House <i>and</i> Hard Times (2000), p. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">W. Oddie, 'Mr. Micawber and the redefinition of experience' <i>The Dickensian</i> (1967) 63:109</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923202300/http://www.charles-dickens.ws/life_dickens.asp">"Charles Dickens Biography, Life, Books and his work on Literature"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.charles-dickens.ws/life_dickens.asp">the original</a> on 23 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Charles+Dickens+Biography%2C+Life%2C+Books+and+his+work+on+Literature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.charles-dickens.ws%2Flife_dickens.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Dickens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation map cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Windsor+Terrace,+London//@51.5291019,-0.0928803,18z/data=!4m9!4m8!1m5!1m1!1s0x48761ca76770a947:0x969c51a96d1f05fb!2m2!1d-0.0934757!2d51.5292388!1m0!3e2?hl=en">"Windsor Terrace, London"</a> (Map). <i><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Google+Maps&rft.atitle=Windsor+Terrace%2C+London&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fmaps%2Fdir%2FWindsor%2BTerrace%2C%2BLondon%2F%2F%4051.5291019%2C-0.0928803%2C18z%2Fdata%3D%214m9%214m8%211m5%211m1%211s0x48761ca76770a947%3A0x969c51a96d1f05fb%212m2%211d-0.0934757%212d51.5292388%211m0%213e2%3Fhl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Dickens" class="Z3988"></span><span class="error"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Dickens&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090507152308/http://www.fidnet.com/~dap1955/dickens/family_friends.html">John Dickens on 'Charles Dickens:Family and Friends</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spartacus-educational.com/PRdickens.htm">Dickens on Spartacus Educational</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120410153342/http://www.memorials.inportsmouth.co.uk/dockyard/dickens.htm">Plaque to Dickens in Portsmouth's Historic Dockyard</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Charles_Dickens" title="Template:Charles Dickens"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Charles_Dickens" title="Template talk:Charles Dickens"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Charles_Dickens" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Charles Dickens"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Charles_Dickens" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_bibliography" title="Charles Dickens bibliography">Bibliography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" title="The Pickwick Papers">The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club</a></i> (1836–1837)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist" title="Oliver Twist">Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy's Progress</a></i> (1837–1839)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Nickleby" title="Nicholas Nickleby">Nicholas Nickleby</a></i> (1838–1839)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Curiosity_Shop" title="The Old Curiosity Shop">The Old Curiosity Shop</a></i> (1840–1841)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barnaby_Rudge" title="Barnaby Rudge">Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of the Riots of Eighty</a></i> (1841)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Martin_Chuzzlewit" title="Martin Chuzzlewit">The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit</a></i> (1843–1844)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dombey_and_Son" title="Dombey and Son">Dombey and Son</a></i> (1846–1848)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/David_Copperfield" title="David Copperfield">David Copperfield</a></i> (1849–1850)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bleak_House" title="Bleak House">Bleak House</a></i> (1852–1853)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hard_Times_(novel)" title="Hard Times (novel)">Hard Times: For These Times</a></i> (1854)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Dorrit" title="Little Dorrit">Little Dorrit</a></i> (1855–1857)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Tale_of_Two_Cities" title="A Tale of Two Cities">A Tale of Two Cities</a></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Great_Expectations" title="Great Expectations">Great Expectations</a></i> (1860–1861)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Mutual_Friend" title="Our Mutual Friend">Our Mutual Friend</a></i> (1864–1865)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mystery_of_Edwin_Drood" title="The Mystery of Edwin Drood">The Mystery of Edwin Drood</a></i> (1870)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left: 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg/100px-Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg/150px-Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg/200px-Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="814" data-file-height="1190" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Christmas books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Carol" title="A Christmas Carol">A Christmas Carol</a></i> (1843)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chimes" title="The Chimes">The Chimes</a></i> (1844)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cricket_on_the_Hearth" title="The Cricket on the Hearth">The Cricket on the Hearth</a></i> (1845)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_Life" title="The Battle of Life">The Battle of Life</a></i> (1846)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Haunted_Man_and_the_Ghost%27s_Bargain" title="The Haunted Man and the Ghost's Bargain">The Haunted Man and the Ghost's Bargain</a></i> (1848)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short stories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/To_Be_Read_at_Dusk" title="To Be Read at Dusk">To Be Read at Dusk</a>" (1852)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Long_Voyage" title="The Long Voyage">The Long Voyage</a>" (1853)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Signal-Man" title="The Signal-Man">The Signal-Man</a>" (1866)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Trial_for_Murder" title="The Trial for Murder">The Trial for Murder</a>" (1865)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short story <br /> collections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sketches_by_Boz" title="Sketches by Boz">Sketches by Boz</a></i> (1833–1836)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mudfog_Papers" title="The Mudfog Papers">The Mudfog Papers</a></i> (1837–1838)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Master_Humphrey%27s_Clock" title="Master Humphrey's Clock">Master Humphrey's Clock</a></i> (1840–1841)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Notes" title="American Notes">American Notes for General Circulation</a></i> (1842)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pictures_from_Italy" title="Pictures from Italy">Pictures from Italy</a></i> (1846)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Life_of_Our_Lord" title="The Life of Our Lord">The Life of Our Lord</a></i> (1846–1849)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Child%27s_History_of_England" title="A Child's History of England">A Child's History of England</a></i> (1851–1853)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Uncommercial_Traveller" title="The Uncommercial Traveller">The Uncommercial Traveller</a></i> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letters_of_Charles_Dickens" title="Letters of Charles Dickens">Letters</a> (1821–1870)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frozen_Deep" title="The Frozen Deep">The Frozen Deep</a></i> (1856)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Thoroughfare" title="No Thoroughfare">No Thoroughfare</a></i> (1867)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Journalism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bentley%27s_Miscellany" title="Bentley's Miscellany">Bentley's Miscellany</a></i> (1836–1838)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Master_Humphrey%27s_Clock" title="Master Humphrey's Clock">Master Humphrey's Clock</a></i> (1840–1841)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_News_(UK)" title="The Daily News (UK)">The Daily News</a></i> (1846–1870)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Household_Words" title="Household Words">Household Words</a></i> (1850–1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_the_Year_Round" title="All the Year Round">All the Year Round</a></i> (1859–1870)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collaborations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_House_to_Let" title="A House to Let">A House to Let</a></i> (1858)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Haunted_House_(story)" title="The Haunted House (story)">The Haunted House</a></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Message_from_the_Sea" title="A Message from the Sea">A Message from the Sea</a></i> (1860)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mugby_Junction" title="Mugby Junction">Mugby Junction</a></i> (1866)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Thoroughfare" title="No Thoroughfare">No Thoroughfare</a></i> (1867)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dickens_family" title="Dickens family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dickens" title="Elizabeth Dickens">Elizabeth Dickens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brothers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Dickens" title="Frederick Dickens">Frederick Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lamert_Dickens" title="Alfred Lamert Dickens">Alfred Lamert Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Dickens" title="Augustus Dickens">Augustus Dickens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Dickens" title="Catherine Dickens">Catherine Dickens (wife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Ternan" title="Ellen Ternan">Ellen Ternan (mistress)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_Jr." title="Charles Dickens Jr.">Charles Dickens Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Dickens" title="Mary Dickens">Mary Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Perugini" title="Kate Perugini">Kate Perugini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Landor_Dickens" title="Walter Landor Dickens">Walter Landor Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Dickens" title="Francis Dickens">Francis Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_D%27Orsay_Tennyson_Dickens" title="Alfred D'Orsay Tennyson Dickens">Alfred D'Orsay Tennyson Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Smith_Haldimand_Dickens" title="Sydney Smith Haldimand Dickens">Sydney Smith Haldimand Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fielding_Dickens" title="Henry Fielding Dickens">Henry Fielding Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_Annie_Dickens" title="Dora Annie Dickens">Dora Annie Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Dickens" title="Edward Dickens">Edward Dickens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tombstone_of_Charles_Irving_Thornton" title="Tombstone of Charles Irving Thornton">Epitaph of Charles Irving Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleak_House,_Broadstairs" title="Bleak House, Broadstairs">Bleak House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_work_of_Charles_Dickens" title="Racism in the work of Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens and racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavistock_House" title="Tavistock House">Tavistock House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gads_Hill_Place" title="Gads Hill Place">Gads Hill Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grip_(raven)" title="Grip (raven)">Grip (raven)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickens_fair" title="Dickens fair">Dickens fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickens_and_Little_Nell_(Elwell)" title="Dickens and Little Nell (Elwell)"><i>Dickens and Little Nell</i> (statue)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_in_His_Study" title="Charles Dickens in His Study">Charles Dickens in His Study</a></i> (1859 painting)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dickens_of_London" title="Dickens of London">Dickens of London</a></i> (1976 miniseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dickens_in_America" title="Dickens in America">Dickens in America</a></i> (2005 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Invisible_Woman_(2013_film)" title="The Invisible Woman (2013 film)">The Invisible Woman</a></i> (2013 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dickensian_(TV_series)" title="Dickensian (TV series)">Dickensian</a></i> (2015 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Invented_Christmas_(film)" title="The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)">The Man Who Invented Christmas</a></i> (2017 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Charles_Dickens" title="Category:Charles Dickens">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Marshalsea" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#ABCDEF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Marshalseaend" title="Template:Marshalseaend"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Marshalseaend" title="Template talk:Marshalseaend"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Marshalseaend" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Marshalseaend"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Marshalsea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Marshalsea" title="Marshalsea">Marshalsea</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ABCDEF">Prisoners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Francis_Barrington,_1st_Baronet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Francis Barrington, 1st Baronet">Sir Francis Barrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Bonner" title="Edmund Bonner">Bishop Edward Bonner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Chettle" title="Henry Chettle">Henry Chettle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cox_(bishop)" title="Richard Cox (bishop)">Richard Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Culliford" title="Robert Culliford">Robert Culliford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Daborne" title="Robert Daborne">Robert Daborne</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Drury_(1551%E2%80%931603)" title="Thomas Drury (1551–1603)">Thomas Drury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_(statesman)" title="John Eliot (statesman)">John Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gerard_(Jesuit)" title="John Gerard (Jesuit)">John Gerard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Glasse" title="Hannah Glasse">Hannah Glasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baptist_Grano" title="John Baptist Grano">John Baptist Grano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Grimald" title="Nicholas Grimald">Nicholas Grimald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Hayes" title="Charlotte Hayes">Charlotte Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Herle_(spy)" title="William Herle (spy)">William Herle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denzil_Holles,_1st_Baron_Holles" title="Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles">Denzil Holles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Malory" title="Thomas Malory">Thomas Malory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Massinger" title="Philip Massinger">Philip Massinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Morland" title="George Morland">George Morland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Owen_(martyr)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Owen (martyr)">Nicholas Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Salisbury" title="Sally Salisbury">Sally Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Selden" title="John Selden">John Selden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shelley" title="Richard Shelley">Richard Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Sherwin" title="Ralph Sherwin">Ralph Sherwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Udall" title="Nicholas Udall">Nicholas Udall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wingfield" title="Robert Wingfield">Robert Wingfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wither" title="George Wither">George Wither</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Marshalsea.jpg/200px-Marshalsea.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Marshalsea.jpg/300px-Marshalsea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Marshalsea.jpg/400px-Marshalsea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="625" data-file-height="353" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ABCDEF">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Debt_bondage" title="Debt bondage">Debt bondage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debtors%27_prison" title="Debtors' prison">Debtors' prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshalsea_Court" title="Marshalsea Court">Marshalsea Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Poor_Laws" title="English Poor Laws">Poor Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponging-house" title="Sponging-house">Sponging-house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workhouse" title="Workhouse">Workhouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ABCDEF">Reformers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Oglethorpe" title="James Oglethorpe">James Oglethorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard_(prison_reformer)" title="John Howard (prison reformer)">John Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Neild" title="James Neild">James Neild</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ABCDEF">Books and films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Dorrit" title="Little Dorrit">Little Dorrit</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Dorrit_(1987_film)" title="Little Dorrit (1987 film)"><i>Little Dorrit</i> (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Dorrit_(TV_series)" title="Little Dorrit (TV series)"><i>Little Dorrit</i> (TV series)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ABCDEF">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Marshalsea" title="Category:Marshalsea">Marshalsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Defunct_prisons_in_London" title="Category:Defunct prisons in London">Defunct prisons in London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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