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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Naming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Naming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technical_details" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technical_details"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Technical details</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technical_details-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Software_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Software_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Software support</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Software_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Successors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Successors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Successors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Successors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MMX_in_embedded_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MMX_in_embedded_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>MMX in embedded applications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MMX_in_embedded_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%85_%D8%A5%D9%85_%D8%A5%D9%83%D8%B3_(%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="إم إم إكس (مجموعة تعليمات) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إم إم إكس (مجموعة تعليمات)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi_Media_Extension" title="Multi Media Extension – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Multi Media Extension" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi_Media_Extension" title="Multi Media Extension – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Multi Media Extension" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%B7_%DA%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="بسط چندرسانه‌ای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بسط چندرسانه‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeu_d%27instructions_MMX" title="Jeu d'instructions MMX – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jeu d'instructions MMX" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX_(%EB%AA%85%EB%A0%B9%EC%96%B4_%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9)" title="MMX (명령어 집합) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="MMX (명령어 집합)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_MMX" title="Intel MMX – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Intel MMX" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX_(utas%C3%ADt%C3%A1sk%C3%A9szlet)" title="MMX (utasításkészlet) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="MMX (utasításkészlet)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX_(Intel)" title="MMX (Intel) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="MMX (Intel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX_(zestaw_instrukcji)" title="MMX (zestaw instrukcji) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="MMX (zestaw instrukcji)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX_(processorteknik)" title="MMX (processorteknik) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="MMX (processorteknik)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX" title="MMX – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="MMX" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q904336#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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</ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Instruction set designed by Intel</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the instruction set for Intel Pentium and Pentium II processors. For the operating system that used the abbreviation name as the latest version, see <a href="/wiki/Windows_3.0" title="Windows 3.0">Windows 3.0</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PentiumMMX-presslogo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d5/PentiumMMX-presslogo.jpg/220px-PentiumMMX-presslogo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d5/PentiumMMX-presslogo.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="222" /></a><figcaption>Pentium with MMX</figcaption></figure> <p><b>MMX</b> is a <i>single instruction, multiple data</i> (<a href="/wiki/SIMD" class="mw-redirect" title="SIMD">SIMD</a>) <a href="/wiki/Instruction_set_architecture" title="Instruction set architecture">instruction set architecture</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>, introduced on January 8, 1997<sup id="cite_ref-NYT.1997Jan09_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT.1997Jan09-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with its <a href="/wiki/Pentium" title="Pentium">Pentium</a> <a href="/wiki/P5_(microarchitecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="P5 (microarchitecture)">P5 (microarchitecture)</a> based line of <a href="/wiki/Microprocessor" title="Microprocessor">microprocessors</a>, named "Pentium with MMX Technology".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It developed out of a similar unit introduced on the <a href="/wiki/Intel_i860" title="Intel i860">Intel i860</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and earlier the <a href="/wiki/Intel_i750" title="Intel i750">Intel i750</a> video pixel processor. MMX is a <a href="/wiki/Processor_supplementary_capability" title="Processor supplementary capability">processor supplementary capability</a> that is supported on <a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a> processors by Intel and other vendors as of 1997<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. AMD also added MMX instruction set in its <a href="/wiki/AMD_K6" title="AMD K6">K6</a> processor. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> described the initial push, including <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl">Super Bowl</a> advertisements, as focused on "a new generation of glitzy multimedia products, including videophones and 3-D video games."<sup id="cite_ref-NYT.1997Jan24_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT.1997Jan24-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MMX has subsequently been extended by several programs by Intel and others: <a href="/wiki/3DNow!" title="3DNow!">3DNow!</a>, <a href="/wiki/Streaming_SIMD_Extensions" title="Streaming SIMD Extensions">Streaming SIMD Extensions</a> (SSE), and ongoing revisions of <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Vector_Extensions" title="Advanced Vector Extensions">Advanced Vector Extensions</a> (AVX). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naming">Naming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Naming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MMX is officially a meaningless <a href="/wiki/Initialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Initialism">initialism</a><sup id="cite_ref-NW.97_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NW.97-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademarked</a> by Intel;<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unofficially, the initials have been variously explained as standing for </p> <ul><li><i>MultiMedia eXtension</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-NYT.1997Jan09_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT.1997Jan09-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or</li> <li><i>Matrix Math eXtension</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Micro_Devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Micro Devices">Advanced Micro Devices</a> (AMD), during one of its many court battles with Intel, produced marketing material from Intel indicating that MMX stood for "Matrix Math Extensions".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Since an <a href="/wiki/Initialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Initialism">initialism</a> cannot be trademarked,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> this was an attempt to invalidate Intel's trademark. In 1995, Intel filed suit against AMD and Cyrix Corp. for misuse of its trademark MMX. AMD and Intel settled, with AMD acknowledging MMX as a trademark owned by Intel, and with Intel granting AMD rights to use the MMX trademark as a technology name, but not a processor name.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT.1997Apr22_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT.1997Apr22-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Technical_details">Technical details</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Technical details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pentium_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Pentium_II.jpg/220px-Pentium_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Pentium_II.jpg/330px-Pentium_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Pentium_II.jpg/440px-Pentium_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Pentium II processor with MMX technology</figcaption></figure> <p>MMX defines eight <a href="/wiki/Processor_register" title="Processor register">processor registers</a>, named MM0 through MM7, and operations that operate on them. Each register is 64 bits wide and can be used to hold either 64-bit <a href="/wiki/Integer" title="Integer">integers</a>, or multiple smaller integers in a "packed" format: one instruction can then be applied to two 32-bit integers, four 16-bit integers, or eight 8-bit integers at once.<sup id="cite_ref-MMXARCH_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MMXARCH-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MMX provides only integer operations. When originally developed, for the <a href="/wiki/Intel_i860" title="Intel i860">Intel i860</a>, the use of integer math made sense (both 2D and 3D calculations required it), but as graphics cards that did much of this became common, integer <a href="/wiki/SIMD" class="mw-redirect" title="SIMD">SIMD</a> in the CPU became somewhat redundant for graphical applications.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Alternatively, the <a href="/wiki/Saturation_arithmetic" title="Saturation arithmetic">saturation arithmetic</a> operations in MMX could<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vagueness" title="Wikipedia:Vagueness"><span title="This information is too vague. (January 2016)">vague</span></a></i>]</sup> significantly speed up some <a href="/wiki/Digital_signal_processing" title="Digital signal processing">digital signal processing</a> applications.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>To avoid compatibility problems with the <a href="/wiki/Context_switch" title="Context switch">context switch</a> mechanisms in existing operating systems, the MMX registers are aliases for the existing <a href="/wiki/X87" title="X87">x87</a> <a href="/wiki/Floating-point_unit" title="Floating-point unit">floating-point unit</a> (FPU) registers, which context switches would already save and restore. Unlike the x87 registers, which behave like a <a href="/wiki/Stack_(abstract_data_type)" title="Stack (abstract data type)">stack</a>, the MMX registers are each directly addressable (random access). </p><p>Any operation involving the floating-point stack might also affect the MMX registers and vice versa, so this aliasing makes it difficult to work with floating-point and SIMD operations in the same program.<sup id="cite_ref-conte_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-conte-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To maximize performance, software often used the processor exclusively in one mode or the other, deferring the relatively slow switch between them as long as possible. </p><p>Each 64-bit MMX register corresponds to the <a href="/wiki/Significand" title="Significand">mantissa</a> part of an 80-bit x87 register. The upper 16 bits of the x87 registers thus go unused in MMX, and these bits are all set to ones, making them <i>Not a Number</i> (<a href="/wiki/NaN" title="NaN">NaN</a>) data types, or infinities in the floating-point representation. This can be used by software to decide whether a given register's content is intended as floating-point or SIMD data. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Software_support">Software support</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Software support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Software support for MMX developed slowly.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT.1997Jan24_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT.1997Jan24-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Intel_C%2B%2B_Compiler" title="Intel C++ Compiler">Intel's C Compiler</a> and related development tools obtained <a href="/wiki/Intrinsic_function" title="Intrinsic function">intrinsics</a> for invoking MMX instructions and Intel released <a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">libraries</a> of common vectorized algorithms using MMX. Both Intel and <a href="/wiki/Metrowerks" title="Metrowerks">Metrowerks</a> attempted <a href="/wiki/Automatic_vectorization" title="Automatic vectorization">automatic vectorization</a> in their compilers, but the operations in the <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a> programming language mapped poorly onto the MMX instruction set and custom algorithms as of 2000 typically still had to be written in <a href="/wiki/Assembly_language" title="Assembly language">assembly language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-conte_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-conte-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Successors">Successors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Successors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>AMD, a competing <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> microprocessor vendor, enhanced Intel's MMX with their own <a href="/wiki/3DNow!" title="3DNow!">3DNow!</a> instruction set. 3DNow is best known for adding single-precision (32-bit) floating-point support to the SIMD instruction-set, among other integer and more general enhancements. </p><p>Following MMX, Intel's next major x86 extension was the <a href="/wiki/Streaming_SIMD_Extensions" title="Streaming SIMD Extensions">Streaming SIMD Extensions</a> (SSE), introduced with the <a href="/wiki/Pentium_III" title="Pentium III">Pentium III</a> family<sup id="cite_ref-WP.99_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP.99-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1999,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> roughly a year after AMD's 3DNow! was introduced. </p><p>SSE addressed the core shortcomings of MMX (inability to mix integer-SIMD ops with any floating-point ops) by creating a new 128-bit wide register file (XMM0–XMM7) and new SIMD instructions for it. Like 3DNow!, SSE focused exclusively on single-precision floating-point operations (32-bit); integer SIMD operations were still performed using the MMX register and instruction set. However, the new XMM register-file allowed SSE SIMD-operations to be freely mixed with either MMX or x87 FPU ops. </p><p><i>Streaming SIMD Extensions 2</i> (<a href="/wiki/SSE2" title="SSE2">SSE2</a>), introduced with the <a href="/wiki/Pentium_4" title="Pentium 4">Pentium 4</a>, further extended the x86 SIMD instruction set with integer (8/16/32 bit) and double-precision floating-point data support for the XMM register file. SSE2 also allowed the MMX <i>operation codes</i> (<a href="/wiki/Opcode" title="Opcode">opcodes</a>) to use XMM register operands, extended to even wider YMM and ZMM registers by later SSE revisions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="MMX_in_embedded_applications">MMX in embedded applications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: MMX in embedded applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Intel's and <a href="/wiki/Marvell_Technology_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Marvell Technology Group">Marvell Technology Group</a>'s <a href="/wiki/XScale" title="XScale">XScale</a> microprocessor core starting with PXA270 include an <a href="/wiki/SIMD" class="mw-redirect" title="SIMD">SIMD</a> <a href="/wiki/Instruction_set_architecture" title="Instruction set architecture">instruction set architecture</a> extension to the <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARM architecture</a> core named <i>Intel Wireless MMX Technology</i> (iwMMXt) which functions are similar to those of the <a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a> MMX extension.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It provides arithmetic and logic operations on 64-bit integer numbers, in which the software may choose to instead perform two 32-bit, four 16-bit or eight 8-bit operations in one instruction. The extension contains 16 data registers of 64-bits and eight control registers of 32-bits. All registers are accessed through standard ARM architecture coprocessor mapping mechanism. iwMMXt occupies coprocessors 0 and 1 space, and some of its opcodes clash with the opcodes of the earlier floating-point extension, FPA.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Later versions of Marvell's ARM processors support both <i>Wireless MMX</i> (WMMX) and <i>Wireless MMX2</i> (WMMX2) opcodes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extended_MMX" title="Extended MMX">Extended MMX</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYT.1997Jan09-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT.1997Jan09_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT.1997Jan09_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/week/010997intel.html">"Makers Unveil PCs With Intel's MMX Chip"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. January 9, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232320/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/week/010997intel.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Intel's new multimedia extension technology, called MMX, ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Makers+Unveil+PCs+With+Intel%27s+MMX+Chip&rft.date=1997-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flibrary%2Fcyber%2Fweek%2F010997intel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMMX+%28instruction+set%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChrasekaran1997" class="citation news cs1">Ch, Rajiv; rasekaran (January 8, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1997/01/08/intel-to-unveil-faster-pentium-chip/9d6bdbd2-51b0-4a56-b24a-f4b1ee8b795e">"Intel to unveil faster Pentium chip"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190114153329/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1997/01/08/intel-to-unveil-faster-pentium-chip/9d6bdbd2-51b0-4a56-b24a-f4b1ee8b795e/">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Intel+Brings+MMX%E2%84%A2+Technology+To+Intel%C2%AE+Personal+Internet+Client+Architecture-Based+Wireless+Devices&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.intel.com%2Fpressroom%2Farchive%2Freleases%2F2002%2F20020910net.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMMX+%28instruction+set%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2004/20040412net.htm">"Intel Delivers Next-Generation Processors Specifically Designed For Cell Phones And Wireless PDAs"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120102010704/https://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2004/20040412net.htm">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Intel+Delivers+Next-Generation+Processors+Specifically+Designed+For+Cell+Phones+And+Wireless+PDAs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.intel.com%2Fpressroom%2Farchive%2Freleases%2F2004%2F20040412net.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMMX+%28instruction+set%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eetimes.com/worlds-smallest-pxa270-embedded-cpu-card/">"World's smallest PXA270 embedded CPU card?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/EE_Times" title="EE Times">EE Times</a></i>. September 15, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EE+Times&rft.atitle=World%27s+smallest+PXA270+embedded+CPU+card%3F&rft.date=2004-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eetimes.com%2Fworlds-smallest-pxa270-embedded-cpu-card%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMMX+%28instruction+set%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MMX_(instruction_set)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://software.intel.com/sites/landingpage/IntrinsicsGuide/">Intel Intrinsics Guide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intel.com/design/archives/Processors/mmx/">Intel Pentium Processor with MMX Technology Documentation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121008000143/http://download.intel.com/support/processors/pentiumii/sb/24319002.pdf">IA Software Developer's Manual, Vol 1 (PDF)</a>, see chapter 8 for MMX programming</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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Ultra-Low Voltage">CULV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrabook" title="Ultrabook">Ultrabook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Skulltrail" title="Intel Skulltrail">Skulltrail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Unit_of_Computing" title="Next Unit of Computing">NUC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Galileo" title="Intel Galileo">Galileo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Edison" title="Intel Edison">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Curie" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Curie">Curie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Evo" title="Intel Evo">Evo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Building_Block" title="Common Building Block">Common Building Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MultiProcessor_Specification" title="MultiProcessor Specification">MultiProcessor Specification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Communication_Streaming_Architecture" title="Intel Communication Streaming Architecture">Intel Communication Streaming Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Inboard_386" title="Intel Inboard 386">Intel Inboard 386</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Play" title="Intel Play">Intel Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MMC-1" title="MMC-1">MMC-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MMC-2" title="MMC-2">MMC-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Programmable_Interrupt_Controller" title="Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller">Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNVi" title="CNVi">CNVi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Turbo_Boost" title="Intel Turbo Boost">Intel Turbo Boost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_vPro" title="Intel vPro">vPro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Secure_Key" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Secure Key">Intel Secure Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Management_Engine" title="Intel Management Engine">Intel Management Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Active_Management_Technology" title="Intel Active Management Technology">Active Management Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intel_AMT_versions" title="Intel AMT versions">AMT versions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-bandwidth_Digital_Content_Protection" title="High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection">High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_High_Definition_Audio" title="Intel High Definition Audio">High Definition Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Hub_Architecture" title="Intel Hub Architecture">Hub Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Rapid_Storage_Technology" title="Intel Rapid Storage Technology">Rapid Storage Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpeedStep" title="SpeedStep">SpeedStep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Digital_Video_Out" title="Serial Digital Video Out">Serial Digital Video Out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_Embedded_Controller_Interface" title="Host Embedded Controller Interface">Host Embedded Controller Interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyper-threading" title="Hyper-threading">Hyper-threading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omni-Path" title="Omni-Path">Omni-Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_Environment_Control_Interface" title="Platform Environment Control Interface">Platform Environment Control Interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_QuickPath_Interconnect" title="Intel QuickPath Interconnect">QuickPath Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_Controller_Hub" title="Platform Controller Hub">Platform Controller Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Management_Bus" title="System Management Bus">System Management Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)" title="Thunderbolt (interface)">Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Ultra_Path_Interconnect" title="Intel Ultra Path Interconnect">Ultra Path Interconnect</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Upcoming</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Photonics_Link" title="Silicon Photonics Link">Silicon Photonics Link</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Instruction_set_extensions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Multimedia_extensions" title="Template:Multimedia extensions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Multimedia_extensions" title="Template talk:Multimedia extensions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Multimedia_extensions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Multimedia extensions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Instruction_set_extensions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Instruction_set" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruction set">Instruction set</a> <a href="/wiki/Processor_supplementary_capability" title="Processor supplementary capability">extensions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Single_instruction,_multiple_data" title="Single instruction, multiple data">SIMD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reduced_instruction_set_computer" title="Reduced instruction set computer">RISC</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Alpha" title="DEC Alpha">Alpha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Alpha#Motion_Video_Instructions_(MVI)" title="DEC Alpha">MVI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family#Advanced_SIMD_(Neon)" title="ARM architecture family">NEON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AArch64#Scalable_Vector_Extension_(SVE)" title="AArch64">SVE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIPS_architecture" title="MIPS architecture">MIPS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MDMX" title="MDMX">MDMX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIPS-3D" title="MIPS-3D">MIPS-3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Extension_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Media Extension Unit">MXU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIPS_architecture#MIPS_SIMD_architecture" title="MIPS architecture">MIPS SIMD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PA-RISC" title="PA-RISC">PA-RISC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_Acceleration_eXtensions" title="Multimedia Acceleration eXtensions">MAX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_ISA" title="Power ISA">Power ISA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AltiVec" title="AltiVec">VMX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARC" title="SPARC">SPARC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Instruction_Set" title="Visual Instruction Set">VIS</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Single_instruction,_multiple_data" title="Single instruction, multiple data">SIMD</a> (<a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">MMX</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3DNow!" title="3DNow!">3DNow!</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_SIMD_Extensions" title="Streaming SIMD Extensions">SSE</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSE2" title="SSE2">SSE2</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSE3" title="SSE3">SSE3</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSSE3" title="SSSE3">SSSE3</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSE4" title="SSE4">SSE4</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSE5" title="SSE5">SSE5</a> <s>(2007)</s></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Vector_Extensions" title="Advanced Vector Extensions">AVX</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F16C" title="F16C">F16C</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/XOP_instruction_set" title="XOP instruction set">XOP</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FMA_instruction_set" title="FMA instruction set">FMA</a> (FMA4: 2011, FMA3: 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVX2" class="mw-redirect" title="AVX2">AVX2</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVX-512" title="AVX-512">AVX-512</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Matrix_Extensions" title="Advanced Matrix Extensions">AMX</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVX10" class="mw-redirect" title="AVX10">AVX10</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bit_manipulation" title="Bit manipulation">Bit manipulation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bit_Manipulation_Instruction_Sets" class="mw-redirect" title="Bit Manipulation Instruction Sets">BMI</a> (ABM: 2007, BMI1: 2012, BMI2: 2013, TBM: 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_ADX" title="Intel ADX">ADX</a> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Instruction_set_architecture#Code_density" title="Instruction set architecture">Compressed instructions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family#Thumb" title="ARM architecture family">Thumb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIPS_architecture" title="MIPS architecture">MIPS16e ASE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RISC-V#Compressed_subset" title="RISC-V">RVC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Security and <a href="/wiki/Cryptographic_accelerator" title="Cryptographic accelerator">cryptography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VIA_PadLock" title="VIA PadLock">PadLock</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AES_instruction_set" title="AES instruction set">AES-NI</a> (2008); ARMv8 also has AES instructions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLMUL_instruction_set" title="CLMUL instruction set">CLMUL</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RDRAND" title="RDRAND">RDRAND</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_SHA_extensions" title="Intel SHA extensions">SHA</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_MPX" title="Intel MPX">MPX</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_Guard_Extensions" title="Software Guard Extensions">SGX</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trust_Domain_Extensions" title="Trust Domain Extensions">TDX</a> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transactional_memory" title="Transactional memory">Transactional memory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transactional_Synchronization_Extensions" title="Transactional Synchronization Extensions">TSX</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Synchronization_Facility" title="Advanced Synchronization Facility">ASF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hardware-assisted_virtualization" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardware-assisted virtualization">Virtualization</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/X86_virtualization#Intel_virtualization_(VT-x)" title="X86 virtualization">VT-x</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/X86_virtualization#AMD_virtualization_(AMD-V)" title="X86 virtualization">AMD-V</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/X86_virtualization#I/O_MMU_virtualization_(AMD-Vi_and_Intel_VT-d)" title="X86 virtualization">VT-d</a> (AMD-Vi)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" 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