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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Admiral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Admiral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Admiral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Admiral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_governor_of_Kronstadt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_governor_of_Kronstadt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Military governor of Kronstadt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_governor_of_Kronstadt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Monuments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monuments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Monuments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monuments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Named_in_honour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Named_in_honour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Named in honour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Named_in_honour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%B3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86" title="فابيان غوتليب فون بيلينغسهاوزن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فابيان غوتليب فون بيلينغسهاوزن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faddey_Bellinshauzen" title="Faddey Bellinshauzen – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Faddey Bellinshauzen" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фадзей Фадзеевіч Белінсгаўзен – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фадзей Фадзеевіч Белінсгаўзен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фадей Белингсхаузен – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фадей Белингсхаузен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian von Bellingshausen – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fabian von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Беллинсгаузен Фаддей Фаддеевич – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Беллинсгаузен Фаддей Фаддеевич" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%80_%CF%86%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%83%CF%87%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B6%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Φάμπιαν Γκότλιμπ φον Μπελινγκσχάουζεν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φάμπιαν Γκότλιμπ φον Μπελινγκσχάουζεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D9%81%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86" title="فابین گوتلیب فن بلینگسهاوزن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فابین گوتلیب فن بلینگسهاوزن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%B9%84%EC%95%88_%EA%B3%A0%ED%8B%80%EB%A6%AC%ED%94%84_%ED%8F%B0_%EB%B2%A8%EB%A7%81%EC%8A%A4%ED%95%98%EC%9A%B0%EC%A0%A0" title="파비안 고틀리프 폰 벨링스하우젠 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파비안 고틀리프 폰 벨링스하우젠" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B3%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A2_%D6%86%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%BD%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Ֆաբիան Գոթլիբ ֆոն Բելլինգսհաուզեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆաբիան Գոթլիբ ֆոն Բելլինգսհաուզեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%8B_%D1%84%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82" title="Беллинсгаузен, Фаддей Фаддейы фырт – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Беллинсгаузен, Фаддей Фаддейы фырт" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%91_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A1%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%96%D7%9F" title="פביאן גוטליב פון בלינגסהאוזן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פביאן גוטליב פון בלינגסהאוזן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ფადეი ბელინსგაუზენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფადეი ბელინსგაუზენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фаддей Фаддеевич Беллинсгаузен – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фаддей Фаддеевич Беллинсгаузен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3_%D0%90%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Беллинсг Аузен Фаддей Фаддеевич – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Беллинсг Аузен Фаддей Фаддеевич" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaddaeus_Bellingshausen" title="Thaddaeus Bellingshausen – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Thaddaeus Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabi%C4%81ns_fon_Belinshauzens" title="Fabiāns fon Belinshauzens – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fabiāns fon Belinshauzens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фабијан Готлиб фон Белингсхаузен – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фабијан Готлиб фон Белингсхаузен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86" title="فابيان جوتليب فون بيلينجسهاوزن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فابيان جوتليب فون بيلينجسهاوزن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B4%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%99%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A6%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3" title="ファビアン・ゴットリープ・フォン・ベリングスハウゼン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ファビアン・ゴットリープ・フォン・ベリングスハウゼン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellinsgauzen_Faddey_Faddeyevich" title="Bellinsgauzen Faddey Faddeyevich – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bellinsgauzen Faddey Faddeyevich" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Bellingshausen – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fabian Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_Thaddeus_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb Thaddeus von Bellingshausen – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb Thaddeus von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Беллинсгаузен, Фаддей Фаддеевич – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Беллинсгаузен, Фаддей Фаддеевич" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faddej_Faddejevi%C4%8D_Bellinsgauzen" title="Faddej Faddejevič Bellinsgauzen – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Faddej Faddejevič Bellinsgauzen" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фабијан Готлиб фон Белингсхаузен – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фабијан Готлиб фон Белингсхаузен" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian von Bellingshausen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fabian von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фаддей Беллинсһаузен – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фаддей Беллинсһаузен" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фаддей Беллинсгаузен – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фаддей Беллинсгаузен" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Беллінсгаузен Фадей Фадейович – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Беллінсгаузен Фадей Фадейович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%88%A5%E5%AE%89%E5%90%84%E5%88%97%E9%9B%B2%E5%95%A4%E4%BB%A4%E5%93%A8%E5%96%84" title="化別安各列雲啤令哨善 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="化別安各列雲啤令哨善" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%9D%B0%E4%BC%8A%C2%B7%E5%88%AB%E6%9E%97%E6%96%AF%E9%AB%98%E6%99%8B" title="法杰伊·别林斯高晋 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法杰伊·别林斯高晋" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q76754#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">19th-century Russian Navy officer, cartographer, and explorer</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Bellinsgauzen" redirects here. 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background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Fabian Gottlieb Benjamin von Bellingshausen</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Faddey_Faddeevich_Bellingshausen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Faddey_Faddeevich_Bellingshausen.jpg/220px-Faddey_Faddeevich_Bellingshausen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Faddey_Faddeevich_Bellingshausen.jpg/330px-Faddey_Faddeevich_Bellingshausen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Faddey_Faddeevich_Bellingshausen.jpg/440px-Faddey_Faddeevich_Bellingshausen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Portrait by an unknown artist</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Other name(s)</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Faddey Faddeyevich Bellingshausen;<br />Thaddeus Gottlieb Thaddevich von Bellingshausen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">20 September [<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 9 September] 1778<br /><a href="/wiki/Lahetaguse" title="Lahetaguse">Lahhentagge</a> manor, <a href="/wiki/Saaremaa" title="Saaremaa">Saaremaa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Livonia" title="Governorate of Livonia">Governorate of Livonia</a>, Russian Empire</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">25 January [<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 13 January] 1852 (aged 73)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, Russian Empire</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Russia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/23px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/35px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/46px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Imperial Russian Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1795–1852</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1828%E2%80%931829)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)">Russo-Turkish War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Varna" title="Siege of Varna">Siege of Varna</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Saint George">Order of Saint George</a> 4th Class<br /><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Vladimir" title="Order of Saint Vladimir">Order of Saint Vladimir</a> 3rd Class</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Faddey Faddeyevich Bellingshausen</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>Fabian Gottlieb Benjamin von Bellingshausen</b><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (20 September [<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 9 September] 1778 – 25 January [<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 13 January] 1852) was a Russian <a href="/wiki/Cartographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartographer">cartographer</a>, explorer, and <a href="/wiki/Naval" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval">naval</a> officer of <a href="/wiki/Baltic_German" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic German">Baltic German</a> descent, who attained the rank of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_admirals" title="List of Russian admirals">admiral</a>. He participated in the <a href="/wiki/First_Russian_circumnavigation" title="First Russian circumnavigation">first Russian circumnavigation</a> of the globe, and subsequently became a leader of another <a href="/wiki/First_Russian_Antarctic_Expedition" title="First Russian Antarctic Expedition">circumnavigation expedition</a> that discovered the continent of <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>. Like <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Kotzebue" title="Otto von Kotzebue">Otto von Kotzebue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adam_Johann_von_Krusenstern" title="Adam Johann von Krusenstern">Adam Johann von Krusenstern</a>, Bellingshausen belonged to the cohort of prominent Baltic German navigators who helped Russia launch its naval expeditions.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bellingshausen was born in the <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonian</a> island of <a href="/wiki/Saaremaa" title="Saaremaa">Saaremaa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kreis_%C3%96sel" title="Kreis Ösel">Ösel</a>), in the <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellingshausen" class="extiw" title="de:Bellingshausen">eponymous family</a>. He started his service in the Russian <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic Fleet</a>, and after distinguishing himself joined the first Russian circumnavigation of the Earth in 1803–1806, serving on the merchant ship <a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_(1802_Russian_ship)" title="Nadezhda (1802 Russian ship)"><i>Nadezhda</i></a> under the captaincy of <a href="/wiki/Adam_Johann_von_Krusenstern" title="Adam Johann von Krusenstern">Adam Johann von Krusenstern</a>. After the journey, he published a collection of maps of the newly explored areas and islands of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>. Subsequently, he commanded several ships of the Baltic and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FFB_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FFB-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a prominent cartographer, Bellingshausen was appointed to command the Russian <a href="/wiki/Circumnavigation" title="Circumnavigation">circumnavigation</a> of the globe in 1819–1821, intended to explore the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</a> and to find land in the proximity of the <a href="/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole">South Pole</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lazarev" title="Mikhail Lazarev">Mikhail Lazarev</a> prepared the expedition and was made Bellingshausen's second-in-command and the captain of the sloop <i><a href="/wiki/Mirny_(sloop-of-war)" title="Mirny (sloop-of-war)">Mirny</a></i>, while Bellingshausen himself commanded the sloop <i><a href="/wiki/Vostok_(sloop-of-war)" title="Vostok (sloop-of-war)">Vostok</a></i>. During this expedition, Bellingshausen and Lazarev became the first explorers to see the land of <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> on 27 January 1820 (<a href="/wiki/New_Style" class="mw-redirect" title="New Style">New Style</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> disproving <a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">James Cook</a>'s contention that it was impossible to find land in the southern ice-fields.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="When did Cook say this? (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> They circumnavigated the continent twice and never lost each other from view. The expedition discovered and named <a href="/wiki/Peter_I_Island" title="Peter I Island">Peter I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zavodovski_Island" title="Zavodovski Island">Zavodovski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leskov_Island" title="Leskov Island">Leskov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Island" title="Alexander Island">Alexander</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Visokoi_Island" title="Visokoi Island">Visokoi Islands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Peninsula" title="Antarctic Peninsula">Antarctic Peninsula</a>, and made other discoveries in the tropical waters of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific">Pacific</a>. </p><p>Made <a href="/w/index.php?title=Captain-commodore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Captain-commodore (page does not exist)">captain-commodore</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" class="extiw" title="ru:Капитан-командор">ru</a>]</span> on his return, Bellingshausen participated in the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1828%E2%80%931829)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)">Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829</a>. Promoted to <a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">vice admiral</a>, he again served in the Baltic Fleet in the 1830s. From 1839, he was a military governor of <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a>, and gained the rank of <a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a> in 1843. In 1831, he published the book on his Antarctic travels, called <i>Double Investigation of the Southern Polar Ocean and the Voyage Around the World</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-World_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Special:EditPage/Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BellingshausenWappen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BellingshausenWappen.jpg/220px-BellingshausenWappen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BellingshausenWappen.jpg/330px-BellingshausenWappen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BellingshausenWappen.jpg/440px-BellingshausenWappen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1201" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of the <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellingshausen" class="extiw" title="de:Bellingshausen">Bellingshausen</a> family</figcaption></figure> <p>Bellingshausen was born to a <a href="/wiki/Baltic_nobility" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic nobility">Baltic German noble</a> Bellingshausen family in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lahetaguse_Manor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lahetaguse Manor (page does not exist)">Lahhetagge Manor</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahetaguse_m%C3%B5is" class="extiw" title="et:Lahetaguse mõis">et</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Kreis_%C3%96sel" title="Kreis Ösel">Ösel County</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Livonia" title="Governorate of Livonia">Governorate of Livonia</a> of the Russian Empire; now <a href="/wiki/Saare_County" title="Saare County">Saare County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>. His paternal family had <a href="/wiki/Holstein" title="Holstein">Holsteinish</a> origins; the surname Bellingshausen was first recorded in <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a>. He enlisted as a cadet in the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Imperial Russian Navy</a> at the age of ten. After graduating from the <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a> naval academy at age eighteen, Bellingshausen rapidly rose to the rank of captain. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_Russian_circumnavigation">First Russian circumnavigation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: First Russian circumnavigation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/First_Russian_circumnavigation" title="First Russian circumnavigation">First Russian circumnavigation</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nadezhda_krusenstern.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Nadezhda_krusenstern.jpg/220px-Nadezhda_krusenstern.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Nadezhda_krusenstern.jpg/330px-Nadezhda_krusenstern.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Nadezhda_krusenstern.jpg/440px-Nadezhda_krusenstern.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_(1802_Russian_ship)" title="Nadezhda (1802 Russian ship)">Nadezdha</a></i>, on which Bellingshausen served under captain <a href="/wiki/Adam_Johann_von_Krusenstern" title="Adam Johann von Krusenstern">Krusenstern</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_Russian_circumnavigation" title="First Russian circumnavigation">first Russian circumnavigation</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A great admirer of <a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">Cook</a>'s voyages, Bellingshausen served from 1803 in the <a href="/wiki/First_Russian_circumnavigation" title="First Russian circumnavigation">first Russian circumnavigation</a> of the Earth. He was one of the officers of the vessel <i><a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_(1802_Russian_ship)" title="Nadezhda (1802 Russian ship)">Nadezhda</a></i> ("Hope"), commanded by <a href="/wiki/Adam_Johann_von_Krusenstern" title="Adam Johann von Krusenstern">Adam Johann von Krusenstern</a>. </p><p>The mission was completed in 1806. After the journey, Bellingshausen published a collection of maps of the newly explored areas and islands of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Service_as_captain">Service as captain</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Service as captain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bellingshausen's career continued with the command of various ships in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Seas</a>. From 1812 to 1816 he commanded the <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigate</a> <i><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82,_1811)" class="extiw" title="ru:Минерва (фрегат, 1811)">Minerva</a></i> and from 1817 to 1819 the frigate <i><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82,_1818)" class="extiw" title="ru:Флора (фрегат, 1818)">Flora</a></i>, both in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a>. During 1812 he met on <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Island" title="Macquarie Island">Macquarie Island</a>, half-way between <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Siddins" title="Richard Siddins">Richard Siddins</a>, the Australian captain of the ship <i>Campbell Macquarie</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_Russian_Antarctic_expedition">First Russian Antarctic expedition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: First Russian Antarctic expedition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Special:EditPage/Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/First_Russian_Antarctic_Expedition" title="First Russian Antarctic Expedition">First Russian Antarctic Expedition</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bellingshausen-fr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bellingshausen-fr.svg/220px-Bellingshausen-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bellingshausen-fr.svg/330px-Bellingshausen-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bellingshausen-fr.svg/440px-Bellingshausen-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="503" data-file-height="621" /></a><figcaption>The First Russian Antarctic expedition 1819–1821</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="293" /></a><figcaption>Captain Faddey Bellingshausen with the Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Vladimir" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of St. Vladimir">Order of St. Vladimir</a></figcaption></figure> <p>When <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Emperor Alexander I</a> authorized an expedition to the south polar region in 1819, the authorities selected Bellingshausen to lead it as an experienced captain and explorer, and a prominent cartographer. The expedition was intended to explore the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</a> and to find land in the proximity of the <a href="/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole">South Pole</a>. The preparation work on the two ships, the 985-ton <a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">sloop-of-war</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Vostok_(sloop-of-war)" title="Vostok (sloop-of-war)">Vostok</a></i> ("East") and the 530-ton support vessel <i><a href="/wiki/Mirny_(sloop-of-war)" title="Mirny (sloop-of-war)">Mirny</a></i> ("Peaceful") was carried out by <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lazarev" title="Mikhail Lazarev">Mikhail Lazarev</a>, who had captained his own <a href="/wiki/Circumnavigation" title="Circumnavigation">circumnavigation</a> of the globe before. Bellingshausen became the captain of <i>Vostok</i>, and Lazarev captained <i>Mirny</i>. The journey started from <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a> on 4 June 1819. They stopped briefly in England, where Bellingshausen met with <a href="/wiki/Sir_Joseph_Banks" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Joseph Banks">Sir Joseph Banks</a>, the president of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a>. Banks had sailed with Captain <a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">James Cook</a> fifty years earlier and supplied the Russians with books and charts for their expedition.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Leaving <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> on 5 September 1819 the expedition crossed the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Circle" title="Antarctic Circle">Antarctic Circle</a> (the first to do so since <a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">Cook</a>) on 26 January 1820 (<a href="/wiki/New_Style" class="mw-redirect" title="New Style">New Style</a>). On 27 January, the expedition discovered the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic mainland</a> approaching the Antarctic coast at a point with coordinates 69º21'28"S 2º14'50"W and seeing ice-fields there. The point in question lies within twenty miles of the Antarctic mainland. Bellingshausen's diary, his report to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Russia">Russian</a> Naval Minister on 21 July 1821 and other documents, available in the Russian State Museum of the Arctic and Antarctic in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, Russia, were carefully compared with the log-books of other claimants by the British polar historian A. G. E. Jones in his 1982 study <i>Antarctica Observed</i>. Jones concluded that Bellingshausen, rather than the Royal Navy's <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bransfield" title="Edward Bransfield">Edward Bransfield</a> on 30 January 1820 or the American <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Palmer" title="Nathaniel Palmer">Nathaniel Palmer</a> on 17 November 1820, was indeed the discoverer of the sought-after <a href="/wiki/Terra_Australis" title="Terra Australis">Terra Australis</a>. </p><p>During the voyage Bellingshausen also visited <a href="/wiki/Meretoto_/_Ship_Cove" title="Meretoto / Ship Cove">Meretoto / Ship Cove</a> in New Zealand,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/South_Shetland_Islands" title="South Shetland Islands">South Shetland Islands</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and discovered and named <a href="/wiki/Peter_I_Island" title="Peter I Island">Peter I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zavodovski_Island" title="Zavodovski Island">Zavodovski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leskov_Island" title="Leskov Island">Leskov</a> and <a href="/wiki/Visokoi_Island" title="Visokoi Island">Visokoi</a> Islands, and a peninsula of the Antarctic mainland that he named the Alexander Coast, but that has more recently borne the designation of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Island" title="Alexander Island">Alexander Island</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PGRS_1_047_Lazarev_-_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/PGRS_1_047_Lazarev_-_crop.jpg/220px-PGRS_1_047_Lazarev_-_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/PGRS_1_047_Lazarev_-_crop.jpg/330px-PGRS_1_047_Lazarev_-_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/PGRS_1_047_Lazarev_-_crop.jpg/440px-PGRS_1_047_Lazarev_-_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lazarev" title="Mikhail Lazarev">Mikhail Lazarev</a>, captain of <i>Mirny</i> and second-in-command to Bellingshausen during the Antarctic expedition.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bellingshausen and Lazarev managed to twice circumnavigate the continent and never lost each other from view. Thus, they disproved <a href="/wiki/Captain_Cook" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain Cook">Cook</a>'s assertion that it was impossible to find land in the southern ice fields. The expedition also made discoveries and observations in the tropical waters of the Pacific Ocean.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Admiral">Admiral</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Admiral"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" title="Special:EditPage/Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Returning to <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a> on 4 August 1821, Bellingshausen was made <a href="/w/index.php?title=Captain-commodore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Captain-commodore (page does not exist)">captain-commodore</a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" class="extiw" title="ru:Капитан-командор">ru</a>]</sup>, and received the rank of <a href="/wiki/Counter_admiral" title="Counter admiral">counter admiral</a> from tsar <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia" title="Nicholas I of Russia">Nicholas I</a> in 1826. He fought in the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War,_1828-1829" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829">Russo-Turkish War</a> of 1828–1829, — particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Varna" title="Siege of Varna">siege of Varna</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENovitskySchwarzApushkinSchoultz1911_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENovitskySchwarzApushkinSchoultz1911-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">vice admiral</a> in 1830, served as a military governor of port <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a> at the approaches to <a href="/wiki/St_Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St Petersburg">St Petersburg</a>, and gained the rank of <a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a> in 1843. In 1831, he published the book on his Antarctic travel, called <i>Double Investigation of the Southern Polar Ocean and the Voyage Around the World</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-World_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_governor_of_Kronstadt">Military governor of Kronstadt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Military governor of Kronstadt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1839 he became a military governor of <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt,_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kronstadt, Russia">Kronstadt</a>, the main base of Russian <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic Fleet</a>, and died there in 1852. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RR5415-0010R_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RR5415-0010R_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F.gif/220px-RR5415-0010R_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RR5415-0010R_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F.gif/330px-RR5415-0010R_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/RR5415-0010R_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F.gif/440px-RR5415-0010R_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F.gif 2x" data-file-width="1053" data-file-height="1054" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Commemorative_coin" title="Commemorative coin">commemorative coin</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of Russia">Bank of Russia</a> dedicated to the first Russian Antarctic expedition</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen is remembered in Russia as one of its greatest <a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_admirals" title="List of Russian admirals">admirals</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_explorers" title="List of Russian explorers">explorers</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a>, multiple geographical features and locations, named in honor of Bellingshausen, remind of his role in exploration of the southern polar region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monuments">Monuments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Monuments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a memorial stone of Bellingshausen on the previous site (on the ruins) of Lahhentagge/Lahetaguse manor in Ösel/Saaremaa. </p><p>There is a monument to Bellingshausen in <a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv,_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mykolaiv, Ukraine">Mykolaiv, Ukraine</a>, as well as in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and in Montevideo, Uruguay. </p><p>There is a monument to Admiral Bellingshausen in <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> in Russia. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4._%D0%A4._%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4._%D0%A4._%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83.jpg/220px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4._%D0%A4._%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4._%D0%A4._%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83.jpg/330px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4._%D0%A4._%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4._%D0%A4._%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83.jpg/440px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4._%D0%A4._%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4501" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Monument to Bellingshausen in <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a>, Russia</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Named_in_honour">Named in honour</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Named in honour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bellingshausen Island (was) in the <a href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingshausen_Island" title="Bellingshausen Island">Bellingshausen Island</a> in the south Atlantic Ocean, part of the <a href="/wiki/South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Sandwich Islands">South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingshausen_Sea" title="Bellingshausen Sea">Bellingshausen Sea</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingshausen_Station" title="Bellingshausen Station">Bellingshausen Station</a>, a Russian (former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a>) base on King George Island, Antarctica</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingshausen_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellingshausen Plate">Bellingshausen Plate</a>, an ancient <a href="/wiki/Tectonic_plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectonic plate">tectonic plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellinsgauzen_(crater)" title="Bellinsgauzen (crater)">Bellinsgauzen</a>, a crater on the <a href="/wiki/Far_side_of_the_Moon" title="Far side of the Moon">far side of the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faddey_Islands" title="Faddey Islands">Faddey Islands</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Laptev_Sea" title="Laptev Sea">Laptev Sea</a> coastal region on the north Russian coast, named after Bellingshausen's first name in Russian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motu_One_(Society_Islands)" title="Motu One (Society Islands)">Motu One (Society Islands)</a>, also known as Bellinghausen, an atoll in the Pacific Ocean</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Minor_planet" title="Minor planet">minor planet</a> <a href="/wiki/3659_Bellingshausen" class="mw-redirect" title="3659 Bellingshausen">3659 Bellingshausen</a>, discovered by <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> astronomer <a href="/wiki/Lyudmila_Chernykh" title="Lyudmila Chernykh">Lyudmila Chernykh</a> in 1969<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Antarctica" title="History of Antarctica">History of Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Baltic_Germans#Explorers" title="List of Baltic Germans">List of Baltic German explorers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In this name that follows <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Slavic_naming_customs" title="Eastern Slavic naming customs">Eastern Slavic naming customs</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">patronymic</a> is <i> Faddeyevich</i> and the <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is <i> Bellingshausen</i>. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Фаддей Фаддеевич Беллинсгаузен</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Faddey Faddeyevich Bellinsgauzen</i></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[fɐˈdʲej<span class="wrap"> </span>fɐˈdʲe(j)ɪvʲɪdʑ<span class="wrap"> </span>bʲɪlʲɪnzˈɡaʊzʲɪn]</a></span>. <br /> <i><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B" class="extiw" title="ru:Беллингсгаузены">Bellinsgauzen</a></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Russification" title="Russification">russified</a> form of <i>Bellingshausen</i>. <br /> Alternatives to romanization: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> •  First name: <i>Faddei</i>, <i>Faddej</i>, <i>Faddeĭ</i>;</li><li> •  Patronymic: <i>Faddeevich</i>, <i>Faddeyevič</i>, <i>Faddeevič</i>.</li></ul></div> <b>Faddei Faddeevich Bellingshausen</b> according to the <i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography" title="Australian Dictionary of Biography">AuDB</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FFB_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FFB-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <b>Faddey Faddeyevich Bellingshausen</b> in <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary.com" title="Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(one of the possible variants)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>: <i lang="et">Faddei Faddejevitš Bellingshausen</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="IPA-label"><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈfaːbi̯aːn<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈɡɔtliːp<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈbɛnjamiːn<span class="wrap"> </span>fɔn<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈbɛlɪŋsˌhaʊzn̩]</a></span>.<br />In addition to the German variant name <i>Fabian Gottlieb Benjamin</i> found in his <a href="/wiki/Baptismal_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptismal name">baptismal record</a>, there is <b>Thaddeus Gottlieb Thaddevich</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FGBvB1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FGBvB1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FGBvB2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FGBvB2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus" title="Thaddeus">Thaddeus</a></i> is the German equivalent of <i>Faddey</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> personal names, <i><a href="/wiki/Von" title="Von">von</a></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Preposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Preposition">preposition</a> which approximately means 'of' or 'from' and usually denotes some sort of <a href="/wiki/German_nobility" title="German nobility">nobility</a>. While <i>von</i> (always lower case) is part of the family name or territorial designation, not a first or middle name, if the noble is referred to by their last name, use <i><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Clausewitz" title="Carl von Clausewitz">Clausewitz</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></i>, not <i>von Schiller</i>, etc.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Original title in Russian: <span lang="ru">Двукратные изыскания в южнополярном океане и плавание вокруг света</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Dvukratnyye izyskaniya v yuzhnopolyarnom okeane i plavaniye vokrug sveta</i></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fabian-Gottlieb-von-Bellingshausen">"Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen | Antarctic, Circumnavigation & Discovery | Britannica"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">www.britannica.com</a></i>. 9 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Fabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen+%7C+Antarctic%2C+Circumnavigation+%26+Discovery+%7C+Britannica&rft.date=2024-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FFabian-Gottlieb-von-Bellingshausen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FFB-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FFB_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FFB_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Sources">Hotimsky 1966</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/bellingshausen">"Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words"</a>. <i>Dictionary.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dictionary.com&rft.atitle=Dictionary.com+%7C+Meanings+%26+Definitions+of+English+Words&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Fbellingshausen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isik2.tlulib.ee/index.php?id=143">"TLÜAR rahvusbibliograafia isikud"</a>. <i>isik2.tlulib.ee</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=isik2.tlulib.ee&rft.atitle=TL%C3%9CAR+rahvusbibliograafia+isikud&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fisik2.tlulib.ee%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LPteAAAAcAAJ&q=Fabian%20Gottlieb%20Benjamin%20von%20Bellingshausen&pg=PA298"><i>Beiträge zur Kunde Est-, Liv- und Kurlands</i></a> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Reval" class="mw-redirect" title="Reval">Reval</a>: Verlag von Lindfors' Erben. 1868. p. 298.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beitr%C3%A4ge+zur+Kunde+Est-%2C+Liv-+und+Kurlands&rft.place=Reval&rft.pages=298&rft.pub=Verlag+von+Lindfors%27+Erben&rft.date=1868&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLPteAAAAcAAJ%26q%3DFabian%2520Gottlieb%2520Benjamin%2520von%2520Bellingshausen%26pg%3DPA298&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FGBvB1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FGBvB1_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Sources">Oliver 1990</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FGBvB2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FGBvB2_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Sources">Savours, 11 January 2024</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaum2019" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Daum" title="Andreas Daum">Daum, Andreas W.</a> (2019). "German Naturalists in the Pacific around 1800: Entanglement, Autonomy, and a Transnational Culture of Expertise". In Berghoff, Hartmut (ed.). <i>Explorations and Entanglements: Germans in Pacific Worlds from the Early Modern Period to World War I</i>. Berghahn Books. pp. 79–102. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78920-028-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78920-028-7"><bdi>978-1-78920-028-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=German+Naturalists+in+the+Pacific+around+1800%3A+Entanglement%2C+Autonomy%2C+and+a+Transnational+Culture+of+Expertise&rft.btitle=Explorations+and+Entanglements%3A+Germans+in+Pacific+Worlds+from+the+Early+Modern+Period+to+World+War+I&rft.pages=79-102&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-78920-028-7&rft.aulast=Daum&rft.aufirst=Andreas+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong1971" class="citation journal cs1">Armstrong, Terence (September 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=5654852">"Bellingshausen and the discovery of Antarctica"</a>. <i>Polar Record</i>. <b>15</b> (99). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>: 887–889. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1971PoRec..15..887A">1971PoRec..15..887A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0032247400062112">10.1017/S0032247400062112</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129664580">129664580</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polar+Record&rft.atitle=Bellingshausen+and+the+discovery+of+Antarctica&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=99&rft.pages=887-889&rft.date=1971-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A129664580%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0032247400062112&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1971PoRec..15..887A&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Terence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.cambridge.org%2Faction%2FdisplayAbstract%3FfromPage%3Donline%26aid%3D5654852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllis2013" class="citation book cs1">Ellis, Richard (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9fWQed5be58C"><i>The Empty Ocean</i></a> (Herzien ed.). Island Press. p. 172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1597265997" title="Special:BookSources/978-1597265997"><bdi>978-1597265997</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Empty+Ocean&rft.pages=172&rft.edition=Herzien&rft.pub=Island+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1597265997&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9fWQed5be58C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://antarctic-logistics.com/2010/08/28/fabian-gottlieb-von-bellingshausen/">"Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen"</a>. 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen&rft.date=2010-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fantarctic-logistics.com%2F2010%2F08%2F28%2Ffabian-gottlieb-von-bellingshausen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA.H._McLintock1966" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">A.H. McLintock, ed. (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/ship-cove">"Ship Cove"</a>. <i>An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand</i>. Ministry for Culture and Heritage/Te Manatū Taonga, Government of New Zealand<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ship+Cove&rft.btitle=An+Encyclopaedia+of+New+Zealand&rft.pub=Ministry+for+Culture+and+Heritage%2FTe+Manat%C5%AB+Taonga%2C+Government+of+New+Zealand&rft.date=1966&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fteara.govt.nz%2Fen%2F1966%2Fship-cove&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L. Ivanov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318420186_General_Geography_and_History_of_Livingston_Island">General Geography and History of Livingston Island.</a> In: <i>Bulgarian Antarctic Research: A Synthesis</i>. Eds. C. Pimpirev and N. Chipev. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, 2015. pp. 17-28. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-954-07-3939-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-954-07-3939-7">978-954-07-3939-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENovitskySchwarzApushkinSchoultz1911-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENovitskySchwarzApushkinSchoultz1911_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNovitskySchwarzApushkinSchoultz1911">Novitsky et al. 1911</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmadel2003" class="citation book cs1">Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). <i>Dictionary of Minor Planet Names</i> (5th ed.). New York: <a href="/wiki/Springer_Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer Verlag">Springer Verlag</a>. p. 308. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-540-00238-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-540-00238-3"><bdi>3-540-00238-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Minor+Planet+Names&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=308&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Springer+Verlag&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=3-540-00238-3&rft.aulast=Schmadel&rft.aufirst=Lutz+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNovitskySchwarzApushkinSchoultz1911" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Fedorovich_Novitsky" title="Vasily Fedorovich Novitsky">Novitsky, Vasily F.</a>; Schwarz, Alexey V. von; Apushkin, Vladimir A.; Schoultz, Gustav K. von (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bmk-brz-4/page/450/mode/2up"><i>Военная энциклопедия</i></a> [<i>Military Encyclopedia</i>] (in Russian). Vol. IV: Б – Бомба. Moscow: Типография Т-ва И. Д. Сытина. pp. 450–451<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=450-451&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A2-%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%98.+%D0%94.+%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Novitsky&rft.aufirst=Vasily+F.&rft.au=Schwarz%2C+Alexey+V.+von&rft.au=Apushkin%2C+Vladimir+A.&rft.au=Schoultz%2C+Gustav+K.+von&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbmk-brz-4%2Fpage%2F450%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHotimsky,_C._M.1966" class="citation book cs1">Hotimsky, C. M. (1966). "Bellingshausen, Faddei Faddeevich (Fabian) (1778–1852)". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bellingshausen-faddei-faddeevich-fabian-1767/text1975"><i>Australian Dictionary of Biography</i></a>. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bellingshausen%2C+Faddei+Faddeevich+%28Fabian%29+%281778%E2%80%931852%29&rft.btitle=Australian+Dictionary+of+Biography&rft.pub=National+Centre+of+Biography%2C+Australian+National+University&rft.date=1966&rft.au=Hotimsky%2C+C.+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadb.anu.edu.au%2Fbiography%2Fbellingshausen-faddei-faddeevich-fabian-1767%2Ftext1975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Steven Oliver. 'Bellingshausen, Fabian Gottlieb Benjamin von', <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_New_Zealand_Biography" title="Dictionary of New Zealand Biography">Dictionary of New Zealand Biography</a>, first published in 1990. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1b17/bellingshausen-fabian-gottlieb-benjamin-von">https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1b17/bellingshausen-fabian-gottlieb-benjamin-von</a> (accessed 15 January 2024)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSavours" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ann_Savours_Shirley" title="Ann Savours Shirley">Savours, Ann</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.falklandsbiographies.org/biographies/bellingshausen_thaddeus">"BELLINGSHAUSEN, THADDEUS GOTTLIEB THADDEVICH von (also FABIAN GOTTLIEB BENJAMIN)"</a>. <i>Dictionary of Falklands Biography</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dictionary+of+Falklands+Biography&rft.atitle=BELLINGSHAUSEN%2C+THADDEUS+GOTTLIEB+THADDEVICH+von+%28also+FABIAN+GOTTLIEB+BENJAMIN%29&rft.aulast=Savours&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.falklandsbiographies.org%2Fbiographies%2Fbellingshausen_thaddeus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFabian+Gottlieb+von+Bellingshausen" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Bellingshausen" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen">Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050729074652/http://www.70south.com/resources/history/explorers/bellingshausen">70South – information on Fabian von Bellingshausen</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050326181156/http://kapustin.boom.ru/journal/bel02.htm">Двукратные изыскания в Южном Ледовитом океане и плавание вокруг света...</a> Bellingshausen's book in Russian with details on the Antarctic expedition led by him</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118213614/http://www.aari.nw.ru/projects/Antarctic/persons/bell/bell_ru.html">Biography (in Russian)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rubricon.com/showbigimg.asp?id=245000212">A map of his Antarctic expedition (in Russian)</a>, attention – all dates there are <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mois.ee/english/saare/pilguse.shtml">The page of Pilguse (Hoheneichen) manor from Estonian Manors Portal</a> owned by the von Bellingshausens</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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id="*_Ocean_*_History_*_Expeditions_*_Research_stations"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_exploration" title="Arctic exploration">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arctic_expeditions" title="List of Arctic expeditions">Expeditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_research_stations_in_the_Arctic" title="List of research stations in the Arctic">Research stations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Farthest_North" title="Farthest North">Farthest North</a><br /><a href="/wiki/North_Pole" title="North Pole">North Pole</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Barentsz" title="Willem Barentsz">Barentsz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_van_Heemskerck" title="Jacob van Heemskerck">Heemskerck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson" title="Henry Hudson">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Marmaduke" title="Thomas Marmaduke">Marmaduke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joris_Carolus" title="Joris Carolus">Carolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Edward_Parry" title="William Edward Parry">Parry</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/North_magnetic_pole" title="North magnetic pole">North magnetic pole</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Ross_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="John Ross (Royal Navy officer)">J. Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clark_Ross" title="James Clark Ross">J. C. Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Abernethy_(explorer)" title="Thomas Abernethy (explorer)">Abernethy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Kent_Kane" title="Elisha Kent Kane">Kane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Israel_Hayes" title="Isaac Israel Hayes">Hayes</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Polaris_expedition" title="Polaris expedition"><i>Polaris</i> expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Polaris_(1871)" title="USS Polaris (1871)"><i>Polaris</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Hall" title="Charles Francis Hall">C. F. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Bessels" title="Emil Bessels">Bessels</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Arctic_Expedition" title="British Arctic Expedition">British Arctic Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Alert_(1856)" title="HMS Alert (1856)">HMS <i>Alert</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Nares" title="George Nares">Nares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Discovery_(1874)" title="HMS Discovery (1874)">HMS <i>Discovery</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Frederick_Stephenson" title="Henry Frederick Stephenson">Stephenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Hastings_Markham" title="Albert Hastings Markham">Markham</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lady_Franklin_Bay_Expedition" title="Lady Franklin Bay Expedition">Lady Franklin Bay Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Greely" title="Adolphus Greely">Greely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Lockwood" title="James B. Lockwood">Lockwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_L._Brainard" title="David L. Brainard">Brainard</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nansen%27s_Fram_expedition" title="Nansen's Fram expedition">Nansen's <i>Fram</i> expedition</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fram_(ship)" title="Fram (ship)">Fram</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fridtjof_Nansen" title="Fridtjof Nansen">Nansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Johansen" title="Hjalmar Johansen">Johansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Sverdrup" title="Otto Sverdrup">Sverdrup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_(1881_ship)" title="Jason (1881 ship)"><i>Jason</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Luigi_Amedeo,_Duke_of_the_Abruzzi" title="Prince Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi">Amedeo</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9e%27s_Arctic_balloon_expedition" title="Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition">Andrée's balloon expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salomon_August_Andr%C3%A9e" title="Salomon August Andrée">S. A. Andrée</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Cook" title="Frederick Cook">F. Cook</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/SS_Roosevelt_(1905)" title="SS Roosevelt (1905)">SS <i>Roosevelt</i></a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peary" title="Robert Peary">Peary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Henson" title="Matthew Henson">Henson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Sedov" title="Georgy Sedov">Sedov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Byrd" title="Richard E. Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Norge_(airship)" title="Norge (airship)"><i>Norge</i></a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Amundsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Nobile" title="Umberto Nobile">Nobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wisting" title="Oscar Wisting">Wisting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Riiser-Larsen" title="Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen">Riiser-Larsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Ellsworth" title="Lincoln Ellsworth">Ellsworth</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Italia_(airship)" title="Italia (airship)"><i>Italia</i></a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_O-12_(SS-73)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS O-12 (SS-73)"><i><b>Nautilus</b></i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Wilkins" title="Hubert Wilkins">Wilkins</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_ANT-25" title="Tupolev ANT-25">ANT-25</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Chkalov" title="Valery Chkalov">Chkalov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Baydukov" title="Georgy Baydukov">Baydukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Vasilyevich_Belyakov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Vasilyevich Belyakov">Belyakov</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Drifting_ice_station" title="Drifting ice station">Drifting ice stations</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/North_Pole-1" title="North Pole-1">NP-1</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Papanin" title="Ivan Papanin">Papanin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Shirshov" title="Pyotr Shirshov">Shirshov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Fyodorov_(scientist)" title="Yevgeny Fyodorov (scientist)">E. Fyodorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Krenkel" title="Ernst Krenkel">Krenkel</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/North_Pole-36" title="North Pole-36">NP-36</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/North_Pole-37" title="North Pole-37">NP-37</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Georgiy_Sedov_(1908_icebreaker)" title="Georgiy Sedov (1908 icebreaker)"><i>Georgiy Sedov</i></a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Badygin" title="Konstantin Badygin">Badygin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Wiese" title="Vladimir Wiese">Wiese</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/USS_Nautilus_(SSN-571)" title="USS Nautilus (SSN-571)">USS <i>Nautilus</i></a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Skate_(SSN-578)" title="USS Skate (SSN-578)">USS <i>Skate</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Plaisted" title="Ralph Plaisted">Plaisted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_Herbert" title="Wally Herbert">Herbert</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arktika_(1972_icebreaker)" title="Arktika (1972 icebreaker)">NS <i>Arktika</i></a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barneo" title="Barneo">Barneo</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arktika_2007" title="Arktika 2007">Arktika 2007</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mir_(submersible)" title="Mir (submersible)"><i>Mir</i> submersibles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Sagalevich" title="Anatoly Sagalevich">Sagalevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Chilingarov" title="Artur Chilingarov">Chilingarov</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pytheas" title="Pytheas">Pytheas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_the_Navigator" title="Brendan the Navigator">Brendan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Papar" title="Papar">Papar</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Viking_expansion" title="Viking expansion">Vikings</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naddodd" title="Naddodd">Naddodd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gar%C3%B0ar_Svavarsson" title="Garðar Svavarsson">Garðar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ing%C3%B3lfr_Arnarson" title="Ingólfr Arnarson">Ingólfr</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Norse_colonization_of_North_America" title="Norse colonization of North America">Norse colonization of North America</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnbj%C3%B6rn_Ulfsson" title="Gunnbjörn Ulfsson">Gunnbjörn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sn%C3%A6bj%C3%B6rn_galti" title="Snæbjörn galti">Snæbjörn galti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_the_Red" title="Erik the Red">Erik the Red</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Christian_IV%27s_expeditions_to_Greenland" title="Christian IV's expeditions to Greenland">Christian IV's expeditions</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Hall_(explorer)" title="James Hall (explorer)">J. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cunningham_(explorer)" title="John Cunningham (explorer)">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godske_Lindenov" title="Godske Lindenov">Lindenov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Richardson" title="Carsten Richardson">C. Richardson</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Danish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Danish colonization of the Americas">Danish colonization</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Egede" title="Hans Egede">Egede</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Scoresby" title="William Scoresby">Scoresby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_(1881_ship)" title="Jason (1881 ship)"><i>Jason</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fridtjof_Nansen" title="Fridtjof Nansen">Nansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Sverdrup" title="Otto Sverdrup">Sverdrup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peary" title="Robert Peary">Peary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knud_Rasmussen" title="Knud Rasmussen">Rasmussen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Passage" title="Northwest Passage">Northwest Passage</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Northern_Canada" title="Northern Canada">Northern Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Cabot" title="John Cabot">Cabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_Corte-Real" title="Gaspar Corte-Real">G. Corte-Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Corte-Real" title="Miguel Corte-Real">M. Corte-Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Frobisher" title="Martin Frobisher">Frobisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Gilbert" title="Humphrey Gilbert">Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(explorer)" title="John Davis (explorer)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson" title="Henry Hudson">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_(1602_ship)" title="Discovery (1602 ship)"><i>Discovery</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bylot" title="Robert Bylot">Bylot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Baffin" title="William Baffin">Baffin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Munk" title="Jens Munk">Munk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Fyodorov_(navigator)" title="Ivan Fyodorov (navigator)">I. Fyodorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Resolution_(1771)" title="HMS Resolution (1771)">HMS <i>Resolution</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">J. Cook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Discovery_(1774)" title="HMS Discovery (1774)">HMS <i>Discovery</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Clerke" title="Charles Clerke">Clerke</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mackenzie_(explorer)" title="Alexander Mackenzie (explorer)">Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Kotzebue" title="Otto von Kotzebue">Kotzebue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ross_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="John Ross (Royal Navy officer)">J. Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Griper_(1813)" title="HMS Griper (1813)">HMS <i>Griper</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Edward_Parry" title="William Edward Parry">Parry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Hecla_(1815)" title="HMS Hecla (1815)">HMS <i>Hecla</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Francis_Lyon" title="George Francis Lyon">Lyon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Fury_(1814)" title="HMS Fury (1814)">HMS <i>Fury</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Parkyns_Hoppner" title="Henry Parkyns Hoppner">Hoppner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crozier" title="Francis Crozier">Crozier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clark_Ross" title="James Clark Ross">J. C. Ross</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Coppermine_expedition" title="Coppermine expedition">Coppermine expedition</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Franklin" title="John Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Back" title="George Back">Back</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Warren_Dease" title="Peter Warren Dease">Dease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Simpson_(explorer)" title="Thomas Simpson (explorer)">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Blossom_(1806)" title="HMS Blossom (1806)">HMS <i>Blossom</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Beechey" title="Frederick William Beechey">Beechey</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Franklin%27s_lost_expedition" title="Franklin's lost expedition">Franklin's lost expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Erebus_(1826)" title="HMS Erebus (1826)">HMS <i>Erebus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Terror_(1813)" title="HMS Terror (1813)">HMS <i>Terror</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Collinson" title="Richard Collinson">Collinson</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rae%E2%80%93Richardson_Arctic_expedition" title="Rae–Richardson Arctic expedition">Rae–Richardson expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Rae_(explorer)" title="John Rae (explorer)">Rae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(naturalist)" title="John Richardson (naturalist)">J. Richardson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Thomas_Austin" title="Horatio Thomas Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/McClure_Arctic_expedition" title="McClure Arctic expedition">McClure expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Investigator_(1848)" title="HMS Investigator (1848)">HMS <i>Investigator</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_McClure" title="Robert McClure">McClure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Resolute_(1850)" title="HMS Resolute (1850)">HMS <i>Resolute</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kellett" title="Henry Kellett">Kellett</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Belcher" title="Edward Belcher">Belcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kennedy_(explorer)" title="William Kennedy (explorer)">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ren%C3%A9_Bellot" title="Joseph René Bellot">Bellot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_(1850_ship)" title="Isabel (1850 ship)"><i>Isabel</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Augustus_Inglefield" title="Edward Augustus Inglefield">Inglefield</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Grinnell_expedition" title="Second Grinnell expedition">2nd Grinnell expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Advance_(1847)" title="USS Advance (1847)">USS <i>Advance</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Kent_Kane" title="Elisha Kent Kane">Kane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_(ship)" title="Fox (ship)"><i>Fox</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_McClintock" title="Leopold McClintock">McClintock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Jeannette_(1878)" title="USS Jeannette (1878)">HMS <i>Pandora</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Young" title="Allen Young">Young</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fram_(ship)" title="Fram (ship)">Fram</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Sverdrup" title="Otto Sverdrup">Sverdrup</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gj%C3%B8a" title="Gjøa">Gjøa</a></b></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Amundsen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knud_Rasmussen" title="Knud Rasmussen">Rasmussen</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Last_voyage_of_the_Karluk" title="Last voyage of the Karluk">Karluk</a></b></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vilhjalmur_Stefansson" title="Vilhjalmur Stefansson">Stefansson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bartlett_(explorer)" title="Robert Bartlett (explorer)">Bartlett</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/St._Roch_(ship)" title="St. Roch (ship)"><i>St. Roch</i></a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Larsen_(explorer)" title="Henry Larsen (explorer)">H. Larsen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Scott_Cowper" title="David Scott Cowper">Cowper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Sea_Route" title="Northern Sea Route">North East Passage</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Far_North_(Russia)" title="Far North (Russia)">Russian Arctic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Pomors" title="Pomors">Pomors</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koch_(boat)" title="Koch (boat)">Koch boats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Willoughby" title="Hugh Willoughby">Willoughby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Chancellor" title="Richard Chancellor">Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Barentsz" title="Willem Barentsz">Barentsz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_van_Heemskerck" title="Jacob van Heemskerck">Heemskerck</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mangazeya" title="Mangazeya">Mangazeya</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson" title="Henry Hudson">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Poole" title="Jonas Poole">Poole</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Cossacks" title="Siberian Cossacks">Siberian Cossacks</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilya_Perfilyev" title="Ilya Perfilyev">Perfilyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Stadukhin" title="Mikhail Stadukhin">Stadukhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semyon_Dezhnev" title="Semyon Dezhnev">Dezhnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fedot_Alekseyevich_Popov" title="Fedot Alekseyevich Popov">Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurbat_Ivanov" title="Kurbat Ivanov">Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkury_Vagin" title="Merkury Vagin">Vagin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakov_Permyakov" title="Yakov Permyakov">Permyakov</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_Expedition" title="Great Northern Expedition">Great Northern Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitus_Bering" title="Vitus Bering">Bering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Chirikov" title="Aleksei Chirikov">Chirikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepan_Malygin" title="Stepan Malygin">Malygin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Ovtsyn" title="Dmitry Ovtsyn">Ovtsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Minin" title="Fyodor Minin">Minin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasili_Pronchishchev" title="Vasili Pronchishchev">V. Pronchishchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Pronchishcheva" title="Maria Pronchishcheva">M. Pronchishcheva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semyon_Chelyuskin" title="Semyon Chelyuskin">Chelyuskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khariton_Laptev" title="Khariton Laptev">Kh. Laptev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Laptev" title="Dmitry Laptev">D. Laptev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Chichagov" title="Vasily Chichagov">Chichagov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Lyakhov" title="Ivan Lyakhov">Lyakhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Billings" title="Joseph Billings">Billings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakov_Sannikov" title="Yakov Sannikov">Sannikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matvei_Gedenshtrom" title="Matvei Gedenshtrom">Gedenshtrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_von_Wrangel" title="Ferdinand von Wrangel">Wrangel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Matyushkin" title="Fyodor Matyushkin">Matyushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Anjou" title="Pyotr Anjou">Anjou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Benjamin_von_L%C3%BCtke" title="Friedrich Benjamin von Lütke">Litke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lavrov" title="Mikhail Lavrov">Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Pakhtusov" title="Pyotr Pakhtusov">Pakhtusov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avgust_Tsivolko" title="Avgust Tsivolko">Tsivolko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Middendorff" title="Alexander von Middendorff">Middendorff</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_North_Pole_expedition" title="Austro-Hungarian North Pole expedition">Austro-Hungarian Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Weyprecht" title="Karl Weyprecht">Weyprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_von_Payer" title="Julius von Payer">Payer</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vega_Expedition" title="Vega Expedition"><i>Vega</i> Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Erik_Nordenski%C3%B6ld" title="Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld">A. E. Nordenskiöld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Palander" title="Louis Palander">Palander</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jeannette_expedition" title="Jeannette expedition"><i>Jeannette</i> expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Jeannette_(1878)" title="USS Jeannette (1878)">USS <i>Jeannette</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._De_Long" title="George W. De Long">De Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Melville" title="George W. Melville">Melville</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yermak_(1898_icebreaker)" title="Yermak (1898 icebreaker)"><i>Yermak</i></a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stepan_Makarov" title="Stepan Makarov">Makarov</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zarya_(polar_ship)" title="Zarya (polar ship)"><i>Zarya</i></a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_von_Toll" title="Eduard von Toll">Toll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Kolomeitsev" title="Nikolai Kolomeitsev">Kolomeitsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Matisen" title="Fyodor Matisen">Matisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kolchak" title="Alexander Kolchak">Kolchak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Sedov" title="Georgy Sedov">Sedov</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rusanov_expedition" title="Rusanov expedition">Rusanov expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Rusanov" title="Vladimir Rusanov">Rusanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kuchin" title="Alexander Kuchin">Kuchin</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Brusilov_expedition" title="Brusilov expedition">Brusilov expedition</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Svyataya_Anna" title="Svyataya Anna">Sv. Anna</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Brusilov" title="Georgy Brusilov">Brusilov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_Albanov" title="Valerian Albanov">Albanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Konrad" title="Alexander Konrad">Konrad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Wiese" title="Vladimir Wiese">Wiese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Nag%C3%B3rski" title="Jan Nagórski">Nagórski</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Taymyr_(1909_icebreaker)" title="Taymyr (1909 icebreaker)"><i>Taymyr</i></a></b> / <b><a href="/wiki/Vaygach_(1909_icebreaker)" title="Vaygach (1909 icebreaker)"><i>Vaygach</i></a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Vilkitsky" title="Boris Vilkitsky">Vilkitsky</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Maud_(ship)" title="Maud (ship)"><i>Maud</i></a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Amundsen</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arctic_and_Antarctic_Research_Institute" title="Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute">AARI</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Samoylovich" title="Rudolf Samoylovich">Samoylovich</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikifor_Begichev" title="Nikifor Begichev">Begichev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Urvantsev" title="Nikolay Urvantsev">Urvantsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadko_(1913_icebreaker)" title="Sadko (1913 icebreaker)"><i>Sadko</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Ushakov" title="Georgy Ushakov">Ushakov</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chief_Directorate_of_the_Northern_Sea_Route" title="Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route">Glavsevmorput</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Schmidt" title="Otto Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Aviaarktika" title="Aviaarktika">Aviaarktika</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Shevelev" title="Mark Shevelev">Shevelev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Sibiryakov_(icebreaker)" title="A. Sibiryakov (icebreaker)"><i>A. Sibiryakov</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Voronin_(captain)" title="Vladimir Voronin (captain)">Voronin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Chelyuskin" title="SS Chelyuskin"><i>Chelyuskin</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krassin_(1916_icebreaker)" title="Krassin (1916 icebreaker)"><i>Krassin</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakov_Gakkel" title="Yakov Gakkel">Gakkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear-powered_icebreaker" title="Nuclear-powered icebreaker">Nuclear-powered icebreakers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lenin_(1957_icebreaker)" title="Lenin (1957 icebreaker)"><i>Lenin</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arktika-class_icebreaker" title="Arktika-class icebreaker"><i>Arktika</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Icebreaker" title="Icebreaker">icebreaker</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Antarctic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_exploration" class="mw-redirect" title="Antarctic exploration">Antarctic</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Continent_*_History_*_Expeditions"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Continent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Antarctica" title="History of Antarctica">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_expeditions" title="List of Antarctic expeditions">Expeditions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Antarctic/Southern Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_de_la_Roch%C3%A9" title="Anthony de la Roché">Roché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Charles_Bouvet_de_Lozier" title="Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier">Bouvet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves-Joseph_de_Kerguelen-Tr%C3%A9marec" title="Yves-Joseph de Kerguelen-Trémarec">Kerguelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Resolution_(1771)" title="HMS Resolution (1771)">HMS <i>Resolution</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">J. Cook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Adventure_(1771)" title="HMS Adventure (1771)">HMS <i>Adventure</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Furneaux" title="Tobias Furneaux">Furneaux</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(mariner)" title="William Smith (mariner)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Telmo_(Spanish_ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="San Telmo (Spanish ship)"><i>San Telmo</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok_(sloop-of-war)" title="Vostok (sloop-of-war)"><i>Vostok</i></a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bellingshausen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirny_(sloop-of-war)" title="Mirny (sloop-of-war)"><i>Mirny</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lazarev" title="Mikhail Lazarev">Lazarev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bransfield" title="Edward Bransfield">Bransfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Palmer" title="Nathaniel Palmer">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(sealer)" title="John Davis (sealer)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Weddell" title="James Weddell">Weddell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Morrell" title="Benjamin Morrell">Morrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Astrolabe_(1811)" title="French ship Astrolabe (1811)"><i>Astrolabe</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Dumont_d%27Urville" title="Jules Dumont d'Urville">Dumont d'Urville</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Exploring_Expedition" title="United States Exploring Expedition">United States Exploring Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Vincennes_(1826)" title="USS Vincennes (1826)">USS <i>Vincennes</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wilkes" title="Charles Wilkes">Wilkes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Porpoise_(1836)" title="USS Porpoise (1836)">USS <i>Porpoise</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cadwalader_Ringgold" title="Cadwalader Ringgold">Ringgold</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ross_expedition" title="Ross expedition">Ross expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Erebus_(1826)" title="HMS Erebus (1826)">HMS <i>Erebus</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/James_Clark_Ross" title="James Clark Ross">J. C. Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Abernethy_(explorer)" title="Thomas Abernethy (explorer)">Abernethy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Terror_(1813)" title="HMS Terror (1813)">HMS <i>Terror</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Francis_Crozier" title="Francis Crozier">Crozier</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercator_Cooper" title="Mercator Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Challenger_expedition" title="Challenger expedition">Challenger expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Challenger_(1858)" title="HMS Challenger (1858)">HMS <i>Challenger</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Nares" title="George Nares">Nares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Murray_(oceanographer)" title="John Murray (oceanographer)">Murray</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_(1881_ship)" title="Jason (1881 ship)"><i>Jason</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Anton_Larsen" title="Carl Anton Larsen">C. A. Larsen</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">"</span><a href="/wiki/Heroic_Age_of_Antarctic_Exploration" title="Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration">Heroic Age</a><span class="nobold">"</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Antarctic_Expedition" title="Belgian Antarctic Expedition">Belgian Antarctic Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RV_Belgica_(1884)" title="RV Belgica (1884)"><i>Belgica</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_de_Gerlache" title="Adrien de Gerlache">de Gerlache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Lecointe_(explorer)" title="Georges Lecointe (explorer)">Lecointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Amundsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Cook" title="Frederick Cook">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Arctowski" title="Henryk Arctowski">Arctowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Racovi%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Emil Racoviță">Racoviță</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Boles%C5%82aw_Dobrowolski" title="Antoni Bolesław Dobrowolski">Dobrowolski</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cross_Expedition" title="Southern Cross Expedition">Southern Cross</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS_Southern_Cross_(1886)" title="SS Southern Cross (1886)"><i>Southern Cross</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Borchgrevink" title="Carsten Borchgrevink">Borchgrevink</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Expedition" title="Discovery Expedition">Discovery</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RRS_Discovery" title="RRS Discovery"><i>Discovery</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Hut" title="Discovery Hut">Discovery Hut</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gauss_expedition" title="Gauss expedition">Gauss</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gauss_(ship)" title="Gauss (ship)">Gauss</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_von_Drygalski" title="Erich von Drygalski">Drygalski</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Antarctic_Expedition" title="Swedish Antarctic Expedition">Swedish Antarctic Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_(ship)" title="Antarctic (ship)"><i>Antarctic</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Nordenskj%C3%B6ld" title="Otto Nordenskjöld">O. Nordenskjöld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Anton_Larsen" title="Carl Anton Larsen">C. A. Larsen</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Antarctic_Expedition" title="Scottish National Antarctic Expedition">Scottish Antarctic Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Speirs_Bruce" title="William Speirs Bruce">Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotia_(barque)" title="Scotia (barque)"><i>Scotia</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orcadas_Base" title="Orcadas Base">Orcadas Base</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nimrod_Expedition" title="Nimrod Expedition">Nimrod Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nimrod_(1867_ship)" title="Nimrod (1867 ship)">Nimrod</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_Antarctic_Expedition" title="French Antarctic Expedition">French Antarctic Expeditions</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pourquoi-Pas_(1908)" title="Pourquoi-Pas (1908)"><i>Pourquoi-Pas</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Charcot" title="Jean-Baptiste Charcot">Charcot</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Antarctic_Expedition" title="Japanese Antarctic Expedition">Japanese Antarctic Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobu_Shirase" title="Nobu Shirase">Shirase</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Amundsen%27s_South_Pole_expedition" title="Amundsen's South Pole expedition">Amundsen's South Pole expedition</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fram_(ship)" title="Fram (ship)">Fram</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Amundsen</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Framheim" title="Framheim">Framheim</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polheim" title="Polheim">Polheim</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Terra_Nova_Expedition" title="Terra Nova Expedition">Terra Nova</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terra_Nova_(ship)" title="Terra Nova (ship)"><i>Terra Nova</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Falcon_Scott" title="Robert Falcon Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wilson_(explorer)" title="Edward Wilson (explorer)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Evans,_1st_Baron_Mountevans" title="Edward Evans, 1st Baron Mountevans">E. R. Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Crean_(explorer)" title="Tom Crean (explorer)">Crean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lashly" title="William Lashly">Lashly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Filchner" title="Wilhelm Filchner">Filchner</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Australasian_Antarctic_Expedition" title="Australasian Antarctic Expedition">Australasian Antarctic Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SY_Aurora" title="SY Aurora">SY <i>Aurora</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Mawson" title="Douglas Mawson">Mawson</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Party" title="Far Eastern Party">Far Eastern Party</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Trans-Antarctic_Expedition" title="Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition">Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Endurance_(1912_ship)" title="Endurance (1912 ship)"><i>Endurance</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Shackleton" title="Ernest Shackleton">Shackleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Wild" title="Frank Wild">Wild</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Voyage_of_the_James_Caird" title="Voyage of the James Caird"><i>James Caird</i></a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ross_Sea_party" title="Ross Sea party">Ross Sea party</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas_Mackintosh" title="Aeneas Mackintosh">Mackintosh</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Shackleton%E2%80%93Rowett_Expedition" title="Shackleton–Rowett Expedition">Shackleton–Rowett Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quest_(ship)" title="Quest (ship)"><i>Quest</i></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Polar_Year" title="International Polar Year">IPY</a> · <a href="/wiki/International_Geophysical_Year" title="International Geophysical Year">IGY</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Research_stations_in_Antarctica" title="Research stations in Antarctica">Modern research</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Christensen" title="Lars Christensen">Christensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Byrd" title="Richard E. Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Australian_and_New_Zealand_Antarctic_Research_Expedition" title="British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition">BANZARE</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Graham_Land_expedition" title="British Graham Land expedition">BGLE</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Rymill" title="John Rymill">Rymill</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Swabia" title="New Swabia">New Swabia</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Ritscher" title="Alfred Ritscher">Ritscher</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tabarin" title="Operation Tabarin">Operation Tabarin</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Marr_(biologist)" title="James Marr (biologist)">Marr</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Highjump" title="Operation Highjump">Operation Highjump</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Arturo_Prat_Base" title="Captain Arturo Prat Base">Captain Arturo Prat Base</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Survey" title="British Antarctic Survey">British Antarctic Survey</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Windmill" title="Operation Windmill">Operation Windmill</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ketchum" title="Gerald Ketchum">Ketchum</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ronne_Antarctic_Research_Expedition" title="Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition">Ronne Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finn_Ronne" title="Finn Ronne">F. Ronne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Ronne" title="Jackie Ronne">E. Ronne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Schlossbach" title="Isaac Schlossbach">Schlossbach</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deep_Freeze" title="Operation Deep Freeze">Operation Deep Freeze</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMurdo_Station" title="McMurdo Station">McMurdo Station</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Trans-Antarctic_Expedition" title="Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition">Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivian_Fuchs" title="Vivian Fuchs">V. Fuchs</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Antarctic_Expedition" title="Soviet Antarctic Expedition">Soviet Antarctic Expeditions</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1st_Soviet_Antarctic_Expedition" title="1st Soviet Antarctic Expedition">1st</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Somov" title="Mikhail Somov">Somov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Klenova" title="Maria Klenova">Klenova</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mirny_Station" title="Mirny Station">Mirny</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_Soviet_Antarctic_Expedition" title="2nd Soviet Antarctic Expedition">2nd</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Tryoshnikov" title="Alexey Tryoshnikov">Tryoshnikov</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/3rd_Soviet_Antarctic_Expedition" title="3rd Soviet Antarctic Expedition">3rd</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Tolstikov" title="Yevgeny Tolstikov">Tolstikov</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System" title="Antarctic Treaty System">Antarctic Treaty System</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Transglobe_Expedition" title="Transglobe Expedition">Transglobe Expedition</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranulph_Fiennes" title="Ranulph Fiennes">Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Burton" title="Charles R. Burton">Burton</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lake_Vostok" title="Lake Vostok">Lake Vostok</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Kapitsa" title="Andrey Kapitsa">Kapitsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Farthest_South" title="Farthest South">Farthest South</a><br /><a href="/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole">South Pole</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Resolution_(1771)" title="HMS Resolution (1771)">HMS <i>Resolution</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">J. Cook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Adventure_(1771)" title="HMS Adventure (1771)">HMS <i>Adventure</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Furneaux" title="Tobias Furneaux">Furneaux</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Weddell" title="James Weddell">Weddell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Erebus_(1826)" title="HMS Erebus (1826)">HMS <i>Erebus</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Clark_Ross" title="James Clark Ross">J. C. Ross</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Terror_(1813)" title="HMS Terror (1813)">HMS <i>Terror</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crozier" title="Francis Crozier">Crozier</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cross_Expedition" title="Southern Cross Expedition">Southern Cross</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Borchgrevink" title="Carsten Borchgrevink">Borchgrevink</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Expedition" title="Discovery Expedition">Discovery</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Barne" title="Michael Barne">Barne</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nimrod_Expedition" title="Nimrod Expedition">Nimrod</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Shackleton" title="Ernest Shackleton">Shackleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Wild" title="Frank Wild">Wild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Marshall" title="Eric Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jameson_Adams" title="Jameson Adams">Adams</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_magnetic_pole" title="South magnetic pole">South magnetic pole</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Mawson" title="Douglas Mawson">Mawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgeworth_David" title="Edgeworth David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Mackay" title="Alistair Mackay">Mackay</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Amundsen%27s_South_Pole_expedition" title="Amundsen's South Pole expedition">Amundsen's South Pole expedition</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fram_(ship)" title="Fram (ship)">Fram</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Amundsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_Bjaaland" title="Olav Bjaaland">Bjaaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmer_Hanssen" title="Helmer Hanssen">Helmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverre_Hassel" title="Sverre Hassel">Hassel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wisting" title="Oscar Wisting">Wisting</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polheim" title="Polheim">Polheim</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Terra_Nova_Expedition" title="Terra Nova Expedition">Terra Nova</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Falcon_Scott" title="Robert Falcon Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Evans" title="Edgar Evans">E. Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Oates" title="Lawrence Oates">Oates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wilson_(explorer)" title="Edward Wilson (explorer)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Robertson_Bowers" title="Henry Robertson Bowers">Bowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apsley_Cherry-Garrard" title="Apsley Cherry-Garrard">Cherry-Garrard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Byrd" title="Richard E. Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernt_Balchen" title="Bernt Balchen">Balchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Chadbourne_McKinley" title="Ashley Chadbourne McKinley">McKinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Dufek" title="George J. Dufek">Dufek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amundsen%E2%80%93Scott_South_Pole_Station" title="Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station">Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivian_Fuchs" title="Vivian Fuchs">V. Fuchs</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pole_of_Cold" title="Pole of Cold">Pole of Cold</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vostok_Station" title="Vostok Station">Vostok Station</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pole_of_inaccessibility" title="Pole of inaccessibility">Pole of inaccessibility</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pole_of_Inaccessibility_research_station" title="Pole of Inaccessibility research station">Pole of Inaccessibility research station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Tolstikov" title="Yevgeny Tolstikov">Tolstikov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_P._Crary" title="Albert P. Crary">Crary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arved_Fuchs" title="Arved Fuchs">A. Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Messner" title="Reinhold Messner">Messner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76754#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76754#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76754#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/133531317">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85242171">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35838548">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mzk2005269744&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073140201">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/4023664">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810641716005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007275693105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0553521X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1110178">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bellingshausen-faddei-faddeevich-fabian-1767">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd133531317.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/133531317">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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