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<span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Suivre</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modifier</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>Le <b>principat</b> est le nom communément donné par les historiens de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antiquit%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antiquité">Antiquité</a> au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_politique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Régime politique">régime politique</a> mis en place par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste">Auguste</a> et restant en vigueur dans l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire romain</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/27_av._J.-C.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="27 av. J.-C.">27 av. J.-C.</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/284?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="284">284</a> environ (le règne de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diocl%C3%A9tien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dioclétien">Dioclétien</a> correspondant selon les historiens à l'avènement d'une autre forme de gouvernement : le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dominat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dominat">dominat</a>). Le terme équivaut sensiblement à la notion d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire">empire</a>, mais désigne tout particulièrement la nature du pouvoir et la position du monarque romain, à savoir celui du premier citoyen de la cité, surpassant tous les autres par son prestige et son autorité, son inspiration divine et sa puissance agissante. Il n’existe pas de succession du pouvoir par hérédité lors du Principat contrairement au Dominat . La date du Principat est 27a.v J-C.</p> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-modere"> <figure class="mw-halign-right noviewer" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:%C3%80_sourcer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus."><img alt="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a> <figcaption> Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/45px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/68px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/90px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources</a></strong> <small>(<time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-02" data-sort-value="2008-02">février 2008</time>).</small></p> <p>Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les <b>références utiles à sa <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">vérifiabilité</a></b> et en les liant à la section « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Insérer une référence">Notes et références</a> ».</p> <p><b>En pratique :</b> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Qualit%C3%A9_des_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">Quelles sources sont attendues ?</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">Comment ajouter mes sources ?</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:15em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #C0D1E2;"> <div> <small><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Politique_dans_la_Rome_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Politique dans la Rome antique">Politique dans la Rome antique</a></small> </div> </div> <div class="images"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fichier:Roman_SPQR_banner.svg&lang=fr&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de l'image Roman SPQR banner.svg." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Roman_SPQR_banner.svg/langfr-150px-Roman_SPQR_banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Roman_SPQR_banner.svg/langfr-225px-Roman_SPQR_banner.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Roman_SPQR_banner.svg/langfr-300px-Roman_SPQR_banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="229"></a></span> </div> <table> <caption class="hidden" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;"> Données clés </caption> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"> <div style="position:relative; text-align:center; line-height:14px;"> <p><span style="font-size:0.95em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaut%C3%A9_romaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royauté romaine">Royauté romaine</a></b></span><br><span style="font-size:0.8em; line-height: 1.2em;">753 – 509 <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="avant Jésus-Christ">av. J.-C.</abbr></span><br><span style="font-size:0.95em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_romaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République romaine">République romaine</a></b></span><br><span style="font-size:0.8em; line-height: 1.2em;">509 – 27 <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="avant Jésus-Christ">av. J.-C.</abbr></span><br><span style="font-size:0.95em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire romain</a></b></span><br><span style="font-size:0.8em; line-height: 1.2em;">27 <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="avant Jésus-Christ">av. J.-C.</abbr> – 476</span></p> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.85em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Principat</a></b></span><br><span style="font-size:0.8em; line-height: 1.2em;">27 <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="avant Jésus-Christ">av. J.-C.</abbr> – 285</span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.85em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dominat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dominat">Dominat</a></b></span><br><span style="font-size:0.8em; line-height: 1.2em;">285 – 476</span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%; vertical-align:middle;"> <span style="font-size:0.85em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain_d%27Occident?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain d'Occident">Emp. d'Occident</a></b></span><br><span style="font-size:0.8em; line-height: 1.2em;">395 – 476</span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%; vertical-align:middle;"> <span style="font-size:0.85em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_byzantin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire byzantin">Emp. byzantin</a></b></span><br><span style="font-size:0.8em; line-height: 1.2em;">395 – 1453</span> </div> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div><br> <div style="border:1px solid #B2B2B2;"> <b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magistrats_romains?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Magistrats romains">Magistratures</a></b><br><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cursus_honorum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cursus honorum">Cursus honorum</a></i></span> </div> <p><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><i>Magistrats ordinaires</i></span><br><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribun_de_la_pl%C3%A8be?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribun de la plèbe">Tribun de la plèbe</a></span></p> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Questeur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Questeur (Rome antique)">Questeur</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89dile_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Édile (Rome antique)">Édile</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9teur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préteur">Préteur</a></span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribun_militaire_%C3%A0_pouvoir_consulaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribun militaire à pouvoir consulaire">Tr. consulaire</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consul (Rome antique)">Consul</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Censeur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Censeur (Rome antique)">Censeur</a></span> </div> <p><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><i>Promagistrats</i></span></p> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Propr%C3%A9teur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Propréteur">Propréteur</a></span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proconsul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Proconsul (Rome antique)">Proconsul</a></span> </div> <p><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><i>Magistrats extraordinaires</i></span></p> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dictateur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dictateur (Rome antique)">Dictateur</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtre_de_cavalerie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maître de cavalerie">Maître de<br> cavalerie</a></span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interroi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Interroi">Interroi</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9cemvir_%C3%A0_pouvoir_consulaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Décemvir à pouvoir consulaire">Décemvir</a><br><span class="page_h"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Triumvirs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Triumvirs">Triumvir</a></span></span> </div> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div><br> <div style="border:1px solid #B2B2B2;"> <b>Assemblées</b> </div> <p><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sénat romain">Sénat romain</a></b></span><br><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comices?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comices">Comices</a></span></p> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comices_curiates?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comices curiates">Comices<br> curiates</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comices_centuriates?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comices centuriates">Comices centuriates</a></span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comices_tributes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comices tributes">Comices<br> tributes</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Concile_pl%C3%A9b%C3%A9ien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Concile plébéien">Concile<br> plébéien</a></span> </div> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div><br> <div style="border:1px solid #B2B2B2;"> <b>Titres impériaux</b> </div> <p><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empereur_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empereur romain">Empereur romain</a></b></span></p> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste_(titre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste (titre)">Auguste</a><br><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imperator_(titre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imperator (titre)">Imperator</a></i><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_(titre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="César (titre)">César</a></span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pater_patriae?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pater patriae">Pater patriae</a></i><br><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pontifex_maximus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pontifex maximus">Pontifex<br> maximus</a></i></span> </div> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div><br> <div style="border:1px solid #B2B2B2;"> <b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fonctionnaire_imp%C3%A9rial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fonctionnaire impérial">Fonctionnaires impériaux</a></b> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Curateur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Curateur (Rome antique)">Curateur</a></span> </div> <div style="float:right; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%A9gat_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Légat (Rome antique)">Légat</a></span> </div> <div style="float:center; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Procurateur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Procurateur">Procurateur</a></span> </div> <p><span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><i>Préfectures</i></span></p> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_du_pr%C3%A9toire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préfet du prétoire">Préfet du prétoire</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_de_Rome?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préfet de Rome">Préfet de Rome</a></span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:50%;"> <span style="font-size:0.9em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_de_l%27annone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préfet de l'annone">Préfet de l'annone</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_des_vigiles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préfet des vigiles">Préfet des vigiles</a></span> </div> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#CEE0F2;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DPrincipat%26action%3Dedit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Politique/Rome_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></p> </div> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Nature"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Nature</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Les_trois_piliers"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Les trois piliers</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#L'imperium"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">L'imperium</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tribunicia_potestas,_ou_%C2%AB_puissance_tribunitienne_%C2%BB"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext"><i>Tribunicia potestas</i>, ou « puissance tribunitienne »</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Le_pontificat"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Le pontificat</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Remarques_annexes"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Remarques annexes</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Les_magistratures_durant_le_principat"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Les magistratures durant le principat</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Les_consuls"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Les consuls</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Les_pr%C3%A9teurs"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Les préteurs</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Les_%C3%A9diles"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Les édiles</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Les_questeurs"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Les questeurs</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Le_consilium_principis"><span class="tocnumber">3.5</span> <span class="toctext">Le consilium principis</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Annexes"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Annexes</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliographie"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Principat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Nature">Nature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Nature" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Il est mis en place par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste">Auguste</a>, sous couvert de restaurer la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_romaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République romaine">République</a> et de maintenir les institutions existantes. Sous le principat il y a donc toujours un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_de_l%27Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sénat de l'Empire romain">Sénat</a>, des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consul (Rome antique)">consuls</a>, des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9teur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préteur">préteurs</a>, et des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89dile_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Édile (Rome antique)">édiles</a> (lesquels disparaîtront cependant vers le règne de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9v%C3%A8re_Alexandre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sévère Alexandre">Alexandre Sévère</a>). Si les apparences de la République sont maintenues, le pouvoir passe entre les mains de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empereur_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empereur romain">empereur</a>.</p> <p>La seule existence légale de ce dernier est son titre : il est <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Princeps_senatus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Princeps senatus">princeps senatus</a></i>, c'est-à-dire « prince du Sénat ». Dans les faits le <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Princeps?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Princeps">princeps</a></i> est le premier sénateur, auparavant nommé par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Censeur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Censeur">censeurs</a>, à parler au Sénat. C'est pourquoi on peut appeler l'empereur « prince », et c'est aussi pourquoi cette période est appelée principat.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Les_trois_piliers">Les trois piliers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Les trois piliers" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>En accaparant progressivement les diverses sources de pouvoir et en les transformant, Auguste acquiert un pouvoir absolu, sous une apparence républicaine. Trois domaines fondent ce pouvoir : l'imperium, la puissance tribunitienne et le pontificat suprême.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="L'imperium"><span id="L.27imperium"></span>L'imperium</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : L'imperium" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>C'est en ce domaine que l'évolution est la plus marquante, bien que progressive. L'imperium du principat devient très différent de l'imperium républicain :</p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Imperium républicain</th> <th>Imperium augustéen</th> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Imperium d’un magistrat (préteur, consul)</b> <ul> <li>Élection, annuel, collégial</li> <li>Civil : dans l'enceinte de Rome</li> <li>Militaire : hors les murs</li> <li>L’un exclut l’autre : <i>en charge d’une armée, un consul ne peut pénétrer dans Rome</i></li> <li>Droit au triomphe</li> </ul><p><b>Imperium d’un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Promagistrat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Promagistrat">promagistrat</a></b></p> <ul> <li>Annuel au départ, prolongeable par la suite</li> <li>Hors de Rome</li> <li>Limité strictement dans l’espace (la provincia)</li> <li>Civil et militaire</li> <li>Redditio au retour, devant le sénat = rapport financier détaillé de la promagistrature</li> </ul></td> <td><b>Imperium maius</b><br> <ul> <li>Approbation sénatoriale initiale, pour cinq ans au départ, sans précision par la suite</li> <li>Pour lui seul (non collégial)</li> <li>Civil et militaire, urbi et orbi</li> <li>Prééminent : lui seul a droit au cortège triomphal, les généraux, simples <i>legati</i>, ne bénéficient que des ornements triomphaux : <i>comme l’empereur est le chef suprême de l'armée, toute victoire lui est imputée, fût-il absent du champ de bataille</i></li> </ul><p><b>Imperium proconsulaire</b></p> <ul> <li>S’exerce sur toutes les provinces directement sous son autorité (présence militaire). Des <i>legati</i> le représentent</li> <li>Droit de regard sur l’administration des provinces sénatoriales (démilitarisées)</li> <li>Derniers recours en droit : droit d’appel devant l’empereur</li> <li>Pas de rapport de gestion devant le Sénat</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tribunicia_potestas,_ou_«_puissance_tribunitienne_»"><span id="Tribunicia_potestas.2C_ou_.C2.AB_puissance_tribunitienne_.C2.BB"></span><i>Tribunicia potestas</i>, ou « puissance tribunitienne »</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Tribunicia potestas, ou « puissance tribunitienne »" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>La puissance tribunitienne est le pouvoir attribué aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribun_de_la_pl%C3%A8be?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribun de la plèbe">tribuns de la plèbe</a>. Elle était censée à l'origine protéger la plèbe contre l'arbitraire de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nobilitas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nobilitas">aristocratie patricienne</a>.</p> <p>Par définition, cette magistrature, tribun de la plèbe, est inaccessible à tout patricien. Donc inaccessible à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste">Octave</a> et à ses successeurs, membres de deux illustres familles patriciennes.</p> <p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste">Auguste</a> va donc s'arroger cette puissance, sans endosser la magistrature elle-même, qui décline d'ailleurs rapidement.</p> <p>Elle lui est renouvelée chaque année, par les comices. Elle sert donc d'ordinaire de comput des règnes des empereurs, jusqu'à très tardivement.</p> <p>Dans les faits, elle ne lui donne aucun pouvoir particulier, hormis l'interdiction de porter atteinte à sa personne (du fait du caractère sacro-saint, inviolable, du détenteur de cette puissance), et un rapprochement évident de l'empereur avec le peuple — cette puissance faisant de son détenteur le représentant du peuple.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Le_pontificat">Le pontificat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Le pontificat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>L'empereur détient enfin la fonction de <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pontifex_maximus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pontifex maximus">Pontifex maximus</a></i>, c'est-à-dire « Grand pontife ». C'est le plus haut <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sacerdoce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sacerdoce">sacerdoce</a> dans l'organisation religieuse des Romains. Auguste attendit prudemment que son prédécesseur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%A9pide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lépide">Lépide</a> disparaisse pour s'en emparer, en -12. Les successeurs d'Auguste n'auront plus ce problème, la fonction étant par définition vacante à leur accession.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Remarques_annexes">Remarques annexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Remarques annexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Certains empereurs se feront attribuer périodiquement la <i>censoria potestas</i> (« puissance censoriale ») afin de modifier la composition du Sénat. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Domitien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Domitien">Domitien</a> est nommé « Censeur perpétuel », et on prend par la suite l'habitude de considérer que l'empereur détient <i>de facto</i> cette puissance censoriale.</p> <p>L'autre titre, avec celui de <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Princeps_senatus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Princeps senatus">Princeps</a></i> est celui d'<i>Augustus</i>. Sa connotation est nettement religieuse, et correspond plus à un surnom qu'à un titre. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste">Auguste</a> a par contre refusé la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dictateur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dictateur (Rome antique)">dictature</a> revêtue à vie par son grand-oncle <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jules_C%C3%A9sar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jules César">Jules César</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Les_magistratures_durant_le_principat">Les magistratures durant le principat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Les magistratures durant le principat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Les_consuls">Les consuls</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Les consuls" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Sous l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire</a>, deux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consul (Rome antique)">consuls</a> sont toujours élus chaque année, suivant les règles. La dignité de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consul (Rome antique)">consul</a> reste en outre longtemps très prisée. On élit donc chaque année deux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consul (Rome antique)">consuls</a>, dits « éponymes » ou « ordinaires » car ils donnent leurs noms à l'année (et cela jusqu'à la fin de l'Empire). Lesquels démissionnent quelque temps après et sont remplacés par des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consul (Rome antique)">consuls</a> dits « suffects ».</p> <p>L'élection est faite par le Sénat, mais bien sûr les sénateurs élisent les candidats que l'empereur recommande. Parfois l'empereur lui-même éprouve le besoin d'être consul, auquel cas il n'a aucun problème pour y accéder.</p> <p>Sous le principat le consulat est toujours le sommet du <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cursus_honorum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cursus honorum">cursus honorum</a></i>. Dénués de pouvoirs militaires, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consul (Rome antique)">consuls</a> conservent leurs prérogatives religieuses et judiciaires en ce qui concerne les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patricien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patricien">patriciens</a> et l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chevalier_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chevalier romain">ordre équestre</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Les_préteurs"><span id="Les_pr.C3.A9teurs"></span>Les préteurs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Les préteurs" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>À partir des années <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/100?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="100">100</a> il y a dix-huit <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9teur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préteur">préteurs</a>. Ils continuent comme sous la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_romaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République romaine">République</a> à présider les procès.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Les_édiles"><span id="Les_.C3.A9diles"></span>Les édiles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Les édiles" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Sous le principat on peut être soit <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89dile_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Édile (Rome antique)">édile</a> soit <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribun_de_la_pl%C3%A8be?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribun de la plèbe">tribun de la plèbe</a> après être passé par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Questeur_(Rome)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Questeur (Rome)">questure</a>. Les pouvoirs de l'édilité lui sont cependant peu à peu retirés pour être donnés aux différents fonctionnaires de la ville, comme le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_de_la_Ville?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Préfet de la Ville">Préfet de la Ville</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_des_vigiles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préfet des vigiles">Préfet des vigiles</a>, etc., nommés exclusivement par l'empereur. Sous <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexandre_S%C3%A9v%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandre Sévère">Alexandre Sévère</a> l'édilité disparaît définitivement. La principale fonction des édiles curules sous la république était l'organisation des jeux, par cela ils répondaient à la principale préoccupation des Romains <span class="citation">« du pain, des jeux ! »</span> cependant sous le Principat, cette attribution leur est retirée car elle les rend populaires or la seule personne devant être populaire est l'empereur.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Les_questeurs">Les questeurs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Les questeurs" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Questeur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Questeur (Rome antique)">questure</a> reste la première magistrature du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cursus_honorum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cursus honorum">cursus honorum</a>. Elle ouvre ainsi l'accès au Sénat.</p> <p>Ils sont vingt depuis <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste">Auguste</a>. Jusqu'à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_(empereur_romain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Claude (empereur romain)">Claude</a> ils doivent s'occuper du pavage des rues de Rome, tâche remplacée par l'organisation de jeux de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gladiateur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gladiateur">gladiateurs</a>. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9v%C3%A8re_Alexandre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sévère Alexandre">Sévère Alexandre</a> supprimera à son tour cette corvée qui limite l'accès à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Questeur_(Rome)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Questeur (Rome)">questure</a> aux plus riches.</p> <p>À partir de l'empereur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_(empereur_romain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Claude (empereur romain)">Claude</a> les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Questeur_(Rome)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Questeur (Rome)">questeurs</a> ont des rôles différents :</p> <ul> <li><i>Quaestores augusti</i> : deux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Questeur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Questeur (Rome antique)">questeurs de l'empereur</a> ; chargés de remplacer le Prince au Sénat quand celui-ci est absent ;</li> <li><i>Quaestores urbani</i> : deux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Questeur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Questeur (Rome antique)">questeurs urbains</a> au service du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_de_Rome?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Préfet de Rome">préfet de la Ville</a> — de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/44?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="44">44</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/56?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="56">56</a> ils sont à nouveau responsables de l'<i>aerarium Saturni</i>, le <span class="citation">« trésor de Saturne »</span>, c'est-à-dire la caisse de l'état romain qui toutefois n'est plus sous l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire">Empire</a> que la caisse de la ville de Rome ;</li> <li><i>Quaestores consuli</i> : quatre <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Questeur_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Questeur (Rome antique)">questeurs consulaires</a>, attachés par deux aux services des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consul (Rome antique)">consuls</a> ;</li> <li><i>Quaestores pro praetore</i> : un par province ; ils gèrent la collecte des impôts dans les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Province?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Province">provinces sénatoriales</a> où ils se rendent en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juillet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juillet">juillet</a> en même temps que les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proconsul_(Rome_antique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Proconsul (Rome antique)">proconsuls</a> gouvernant ces provinces.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Le_consilium_principis">Le consilium principis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Le consilium principis" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consilium_principis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consilium principis">consilium principis</a> est une sorte de commission du Sénat qui vient diminuer le pouvoir du Sénat en donnant plus de pouvoir à l'empereur. Il est donc le deuxième conseil de l'empereur. Ce conseil va avoir une grande influence sur l'interprétation et l'application de la loi. Il a été créé par Auguste en l'an 727 de Rome ou en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/27_av._J.-C.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="27 av. J.-C.">-27</a> et a perduré jusqu'à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diocl%C3%A9tien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dioclétien">Dioclétien</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>Jean Béranger, <i>Recherches sur l'aspect idéologique du principat</i> (« Schweizerische Beiträge zur Altertumswissenschaft », 6), F. Reinhardt, 1953.</li> <li>Jean Béranger, <i>Principatus. Études de notions et d'histoire politiques dans l'Antiquité gréco-romaine. Recueil publié en collaboration avec l'auteur par François Paschoud et Pierre Ducrey</i> (« Publications de la faculté des lettres de l'université de Lausanne », 20), Genève, Droz, 1973, XVI-488 p., 6 pl.</li> <li>Montesquieu, <i>Considérations sur les causes de la grandeur des Romains et de leur décadence</i>, 1734, chapitre XIII</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style> <div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/principat" class="extiw" title="wikt:principat">principat</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <ul> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li> <div class="liste-horizontale"> <span 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href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rome_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Rome antique">Portail de la Rome antique</a></span> </span></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DPrincipat%26oldid%3D220409896">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principat&oldid=220409896</a> ». </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Principat&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="176.160.211.77" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1731956296"> <span>Dernière modification le 18 novembre 2024, à 19:58</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B9%25D9%2587%25D8%25AF_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B2%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25A9" title="عهد الزعامة – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عهد الزعامة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinsipat" title="Prinsipat – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Prinsipat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Прынцыпат – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прынцыпат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Прынцыпат – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прынцыпат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Принципат – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Принципат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principat_(Roma)" title="Principat (Roma) – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Principat (Roma)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princip%25C3%25A1t" title="Principát – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Principát" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principatet" title="Principatet – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Principatet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinzipat" title="Prinzipat – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prinzipat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2597%25CE%25B3%25CE%25B5%25CE%25BC%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BD%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1_(%25CE%25A1%25CF%2589%25CE%25BC%25CE%25B1%25CF%258A%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AE_%25CE%2591%25CF%2585%25CF%2584%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BA%25CF%2581%25CE%25B1%25CF%2584%25CE%25BF%25CF%2581%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1)" title="Ηγεμονία (Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία) – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηγεμονία (Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principate" title="Principate – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Principate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principado_(Antigua_Roma)" title="Principado (Antigua Roma) – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Principado (Antigua Roma)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printsipaat" title="Printsipaat – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Printsipaat" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printzealdia_(Antzinako_Erroma)" title="Printzealdia (Antzinako Erroma) – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Printzealdia (Antzinako Erroma)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DA%25A9%25DB%258C%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%2587" title="پرینکیپاته – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرینکیپاته" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%25A0%25D7%25A7%25D7%2599%25D7%25A4%25D7%2598" title="פרינקיפט – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרינקיפט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principat" title="Principat – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Principat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principatus" title="Principatus – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Principatus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%258A%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB%25D5%25B6%25D6%2581%25D5%25AB%25D5%25BA%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BF" title="Պրինցիպատ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պրինցիպատ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principatus" title="Principatus – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Principatus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principato_(storia_romana)" title="Principato (storia romana) – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Principato (storia romana)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%2597%25E3%2583%25AA%25E3%2583%25B3%25E3%2582%25AD%25E3%2583%2591%25E3%2583%2588%25E3%2582%25A5%25E3%2582%25B9" title="プリンキパトゥス – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プリンキパトゥス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%2598" title="პრინციპატი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პრინციპატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%259B%2590%25EC%2588%2598%25EC%25A0%2595" title="원수정 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원수정" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Принципат – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Принципат" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principatus_Romanus" title="Principatus Romanus – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Principatus Romanus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principatas" title="Principatas – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Principatas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Принципат – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Принципат" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%259F" title="प्रिन्सिपेट – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रिन्सिपेट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principaat" title="Principaat – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Principaat" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinsipatet" title="Prinsipatet – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Prinsipatet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pryncypat_(Rzym)" title="Pryncypat (Rzym) – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pryncypat (Rzym)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principado_romano" title="Principado romano – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Principado romano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principat_(Imperiul_Roman)" title="Principat (Imperiul Roman) – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Principat (Imperiul Roman)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Принципат – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Принципат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Принципат – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Принципат" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principat" title="Principat – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Principat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princip%25C3%25A1t" title="Principát – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Principát" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principat" title="Principat – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Principat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principati_(Roma)" title="Principati (Roma) – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Principati (Roma)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Принципат – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Принципат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principatet" title="Principatet – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Principatet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinsipado" title="Prinsipado – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Prinsipado" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principatus" title="Principatus – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Principatus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Принципат – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Принципат" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DA%2586%25DB%258C%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25DB%2592" title="پرینچیپاتے – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پرینچیپاتے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinsipat" title="Prinsipat – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Prinsipat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%2598" title="პრინციპატი – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პრინციპატი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%2583%25E9%25A6%2596%25E5%2588%25B6" title="元首制 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="元首制" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" alt="Wikipédia" width="119" height="18" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 18 novembre 2024 à 19:58.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Le contenu est disponible sous licence <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> sauf mention contraire.</li> 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