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Claves para una breve genealogía de la nada</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Resumen: Apropiándonos de la distinción de Mourelatos entre un uso existencial y un uso atributivo de la nada en Grecia arcaica, haremos un recorrido del término outidanós en la obra homérica con la intención de mostrar que en sus... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72122274" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Resumen: Apropiándonos de la distinción de Mourelatos entre un uso existencial y un uso atributivo de la nada en Grecia arcaica, haremos un recorrido del término outidanós en la obra homérica con la intención de mostrar que en sus orígenes arcaicos la nada (medén/oudén) no está identificada con lo que no es (tò mè ón), sino que está inscripta en un implícito proceso de clasificación y jerarquización de valores materiales. Para ello, trabajaremos el término outidanós desde la relación existencia/atribución (en Odisea), vinculándolo a la lógica de la repartición (en Ilíada).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72122274" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1a5be4d818e85eb141fd008f3e299821" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81178796,"asset_id":72122274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81178796/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3452791" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo">mariana chendo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3452791" type="text/json">{"id":3452791,"first_name":"mariana","last_name":"chendo","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"marianachendo","display_name":"mariana chendo","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72122274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72122274"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72122274, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72122274", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72122274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72122274; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72122274"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72122274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72122274"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72122274; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72122274]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72122274").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72122274").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72122277" data-work_id="72122277" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72122277/Los_autistas_de_Fernand_Deligny_Por_una_educaci%C3%B3n_impol%C3%ADtica">Los autistas de Fernand Deligny. Por una educación impolítica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nuestro trabajo será una lectura de lo impolítico y lo imposible que nos lega Deligny, haciendo foco en las traducciones al castellano de Los Vagabundos Eficaces (1971) y Lo Arácnido y otros textos (2015). Retomaremos «lo impolítico» de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72122277" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nuestro trabajo será una lectura de lo impolítico y lo imposible que nos lega Deligny, haciendo foco en las traducciones al castellano de Los Vagabundos Eficaces (1971) y Lo Arácnido y otros textos (2015). Retomaremos «lo impolítico» de la filosofía de Esposito y lo aplicaremos al ejercicio del desencuadre en Deligny. Recorreremos tres encuadres modernos: sujeto, proyecto, rendimiento; a cada uno de ellos le presentaremos un rasgo de Deligny: autista, arácnido, vagabundos eficaces. A lo largo de todos ellos intentaremos mostrar la comunidad autista de Deligny como acto impolítico a la educación moderna. Finalmente, nuestra apuesta será por una educación imposible, crítica radical a la representación moderna.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72122277" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d77a50fbcbb12ea3ef289301adfbac2d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81178801,"asset_id":72122277,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81178801/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3452791" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo">mariana chendo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3452791" type="text/json">{"id":3452791,"first_name":"mariana","last_name":"chendo","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"marianachendo","display_name":"mariana chendo","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72122277 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72122277"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72122277, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72122277", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72122277]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72122277").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72122277").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72122277"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="258050" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autismo">Autismo</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="258050" type="text/json">{"id":258050,"name":"Autismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autismo","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="379351" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tendencias_pedagogicas">Tendencias pedagógicas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="379351" type="text/json">{"id":379351,"name":"Tendencias pedagógicas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tendencias_pedagogicas","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="395814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filosof%C3%ADa_de_la_educaci%C3%B3n">Filosofía de la educación</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="395814" type="text/json">{"id":395814,"name":"Filosofía de la educación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filosof%C3%ADa_de_la_educaci%C3%B3n","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="974138" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sujetos_Politicos">Sujetos Políticos</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="974138" type="text/json">{"id":974138,"name":"Sujetos Políticos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sujetos_Politicos","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72122277]'), work: {"id":72122277,"title":"Los autistas de Fernand Deligny. 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En tal sentido, realizaremos un movimiento en cuatro pasos: una presentación de la zoncera como sistema, junto con el ejercicio de la sospecha como método; la aplicación de la zoncera al proceso de privatización educativo descripto por Narodowski; la aplicación del medio pelo a la función del sector medio en dicho proceso; el desarrollo de la hipótesis de Narodowski de una política de Estado como lógica subyacente a las zonceras. En la mirada de ambos autores, intentaremos dar cuenta del concepto de lo público.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78537634" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c3be962b207abf8ad667fb8857200a4a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85550977,"asset_id":78537634,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85550977/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3452791" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo">mariana chendo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3452791" type="text/json">{"id":3452791,"first_name":"mariana","last_name":"chendo","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"marianachendo","display_name":"mariana chendo","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78537634 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78537634"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78537634, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78537634", }); 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An interpretation of Parmenides’ B8</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">« […] la violencia es la rabia de querer reducir todo a lo idéntico». J.L. Nancy, Tres fragmentos sobre nihilismo y política. «es todo inviolable […] igual a sí mismo por doquier, se topa consecuentemente con sus límites» Parménides,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_92432605" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">« […] la violencia es la rabia de querer reducir todo a lo idéntico». J.L. Nancy, Tres fragmentos sobre nihilismo y política. «es todo inviolable […] igual a sí mismo por doquier, se topa consecuentemente con sus límites» Parménides, B8.48-49 «En Parménides, peîras cae una y otra vez sobre nuestros oídos con la</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/92432605" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="257a0f1a7f8099ab1d038e66023c0bb3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":95442544,"asset_id":92432605,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95442544/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3452791" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo">mariana chendo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3452791" type="text/json">{"id":3452791,"first_name":"mariana","last_name":"chendo","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"marianachendo","display_name":"mariana chendo","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_92432605 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="92432605"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92432605, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_92432605", }); 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Nancy, Tres fragmentos sobre nihilismo y política. «es todo inviolable […] igual a sí mismo por doquier, se topa consecuentemente con sus límites» Parménides, B8.48-49 «En Parménides, peîras cae una y otra vez sobre nuestros oídos con la","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":95442544,"asset_id":92432605,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95442544/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95442544/211490538-libre.pdf?1670515150=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_prohibition_of_going_beyond_the_limi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738360992\u0026Signature=Mhsw6pZXwTmmzp1nNtuQ-eJ7IknRUh8WpozOpkjA2YYjoZM3kO0VDd7ELcHxxlhOqBu5h0cn3IaJH45g6GzV0j7nAU3gzJU27N23UgRyTUdHgOB1WUV1DXUIYoQLTxIZJLLwEhx7GYxUolNqXWVwKKiyxoQasFITVsiP~yYYf3gebMtOAvuczNZO8cmz3lkeHNusTXZZTqK3dmY3YyDVxj9iXVgAOUSEVrhQsQssdF9CfXPyFyJGScgL7Vxn3hPtVwm8KRMwq2dys5OvhROQtjLI8F8vm7pYBXfVncSVRXEHIOhVS7hTANB1Nh6sM9b2ygi68p0xWm9WzmiMdJ6zCQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95442544/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/95442544/mini_magick20221208-1-sxknlf.png?1670514020"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":95442544,"asset_id":92432605,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95442544/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95442544/211490538-libre.pdf?1670515150=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_prohibition_of_going_beyond_the_limi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738360992\u0026Signature=Mhsw6pZXwTmmzp1nNtuQ-eJ7IknRUh8WpozOpkjA2YYjoZM3kO0VDd7ELcHxxlhOqBu5h0cn3IaJH45g6GzV0j7nAU3gzJU27N23UgRyTUdHgOB1WUV1DXUIYoQLTxIZJLLwEhx7GYxUolNqXWVwKKiyxoQasFITVsiP~yYYf3gebMtOAvuczNZO8cmz3lkeHNusTXZZTqK3dmY3YyDVxj9iXVgAOUSEVrhQsQssdF9CfXPyFyJGScgL7Vxn3hPtVwm8KRMwq2dys5OvhROQtjLI8F8vm7pYBXfVncSVRXEHIOhVS7hTANB1Nh6sM9b2ygi68p0xWm9WzmiMdJ6zCQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95442544/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/95442544/mini_magick20221208-1-sxknlf.png?1670514020"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":20,"ordered_authors":[{"id":3452791,"first_name":"mariana","last_name":"chendo","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"marianachendo","display_name":"mariana chendo","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/marianachendo","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy","nofollow":true},{"id":951,"name":"Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanities","nofollow":true},{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence","nofollow":true},{"id":3581,"name":"Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poetry","nofollow":true},{"id":84713,"name":"Violencia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violencia"},{"id":101756,"name":"Necessity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necessity"},{"id":1010022,"name":"Impossibility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Impossibility"},{"id":1803145,"name":"Necesidad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necesidad"},{"id":2015396,"name":"Imposibilidad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imposibilidad"},{"id":3420942,"name":"Cadenas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cadenas"}],"publication_year":2017,"publication_year_with_fallback":2017,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":2,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36930591" data-work_id="36930591" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36930591/M%C3%9ASICA_PREHIST%C3%93RICA">MÚSICA PREHISTÓRICA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Existen muy pocos testimonios y evidencia de la música en las culturas antiguas, lo poco que conocemos sobre sus instrumentos se deriva de textos escritos y pinturas. Se creía la música tenía orígenes divinos, por lo que junto con la... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36930591" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Existen muy pocos testimonios y evidencia de la música en las culturas antiguas, lo poco que conocemos sobre sus instrumentos se deriva de textos escritos y pinturas. Se creía la música tenía orígenes divinos, por lo que junto con la danza era un importante componente social y religiosa. Junto con Egipto, representa la cuna de la civilización occidental, incluso en el campo musical. Los griegos basan en ellos las bases para su concepción de la música. Las diferentes pinturas de Mesopotamia revelan el estrecho vínculo entre música y religión y como la combinación de canto e instrumentos formaba parte de sus prácticas religiosas. Los custodios de la música, llamada cantilena, eran los sacerdotes, matemáticos y astrólogos. Al paso del tiempo la música para rituales se desarrolló al grado de especializarse según las finalidades de las plegarias. También desarrollaron música profana, las pinturas son testimonio de su inclusión en fiestas, ceremonias y banquetes a través de la aparición de músicos y bailarinas. Por otro lado, aplicaron sus conocimientos de astronomía y matemáticas a la música creando los presupuestos de concepción cosmológica que más adelante elaboraría Pitágoras. Instrumentos Contaban con percusiones construidas a partir de piel de animales, madera o cerámica; instrumentos de viento como la flauta y de cuerdas pinzadas como el arpa, la cítara y el laúd. Sus instrumentos más característicos fueron un tipo de castañuelas cuya forma imitaba manos y pies humanos y que estaba construidos a base de huesos o marfil. Egipto La música tenía un origen divino para ellos por lo tanto sus guardianes eran los sacerdotes. Toda la población participaba en las plegarias a través de cantos y danzas. Fuera de las oraciones, la música se utilizaba para armonizar los momentos placenteros de la vida de las personas. Existía el acompañamiento, donde al mismo tiempo que un músico ejecutaba la melodía principal, el resto de músicos ejecutaban variaciones de la misma. Instrumentos Al igual que los Mesopotámicos, contaban con percusiones construidas a partir de piel de animales, madera o cerámica; instrumentos de viento como la flauta y de cuerdas pinzadas como el arpa, la cítara y el laúd. En tumbas de emperadores se han encontrado trompas construidas a partir de oro y plata. Israel Los componentes esenciales de la cultura musical hebrea son dos: la entonación melismática, es decir ese modo particular de leer el texto bíblico que está a mitad de camino entre el canto propiamente dicho y un canto con escasa inflexión melódica y basado en la escanción de las palabras (declamación), y la salmodía, es decir el canto de los salmos basado en la repetición de una nota central y en breves ornamentaciones de la melodía que sirven para subrayar el inicio y el fin de los versículos. Instrumentos Se dividían en tres grupos, según la clase social a la que pertenecían: los cuernos de animales y las trompas correspondían a sacerdotes; los instrumentos de cuerda como el arpa y la lira correspondían a los levitas o servidores del templo, y los instrumentos de viento como la flauta y las percusiones como los tambores y platillos se reservaban para el pueblo. Grecia Hay mucho más evidencia sobre la música desde el aspecto teórico que desde el práctico en el caso de los griegos. A pesar de que consideraban a la música de gran importancia y significado, no consideraban importante dejar testimonios de sus composiciones por lo que raramente transcribían la melodía. Sin embargo, tenía un papel integral en la vida de la sociedad al aparecer en celebraciones, funerales, teatro, baladas de poemas épicos y la música popular. La música junto con la poesía y la danza formaba parte del conjunto de actividades artísticas. Las mayores aportaciones griegas al área de la música vienen del aspecto teórico, ya que los filósofos griegos también se interrogaron sobre la naturaleza y finalidad de la música. Los pitagóricos daban mayor importancia al aspecto abstracto y teórico de la música dejando en segundo plano el aspecto práctico de esta. Platón condeno la música como fuente de placer irracional pero exaltó su estudio teórico considerándolo apto para educar al hombre e iluminarlo acerca del significado del mundo.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36930591" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="90eef7000875e3cf6a1e210a27def74d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56880811,"asset_id":36930591,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56880811/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="83563214" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/MarianoBuira">Mariano Buira</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="83563214" type="text/json">{"id":83563214,"first_name":"Mariano","last_name":"Buira","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"MarianoBuira","display_name":"Mariano Buira","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/MarianoBuira","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/83563214/21752865/21063422/s65_mariano.buira.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36930591 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36930591"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36930591, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36930591", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36930591]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36930591").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36930591").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6742496" data-work_id="6742496" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6742496/personajes">personajes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cada personaje original es una poderosa Figura solitaria que desborda toda forma explicable: lanza trazos de expresión brillantes que marcan la testarudez de un pensar sin imagen, de una pregunta sin respuesta, de una lógica extrema y sin... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6742496" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cada personaje original es una poderosa Figura solitaria que desborda toda forma explicable: lanza trazos de expresión brillantes que marcan la testarudez de un pensar sin imagen, de una pregunta sin respuesta, de una lógica extrema y sin racionalidad. Gilles Deleuze La mayoría de los novelistas tienen la misma experiencia. Alguien llamado Brown, Smith o Jones se presenta ante ellos y les dice de la manera más seductora, atrápame si puedes. Unos pocos capturan el fantasma, casi todos deben contentarse con un jirón de su vestido o un mechón de sus cabellos. Virginia Woolf Relato, personaje, acontecimiento</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6742496" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1708e693484da5761347684d6a348fc7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33457268,"asset_id":6742496,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33457268/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1951530" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/JuanGorlier">Juan Gorlier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1951530" type="text/json">{"id":1951530,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Gorlier","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"JuanGorlier","display_name":"Juan Gorlier","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/JuanGorlier","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1951530/2803033/31884983/s65_juan.gorlier.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6742496 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6742496"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6742496, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6742496", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6742496 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6742496; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6742496"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6742496 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6742496"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6742496; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6742496]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6742496").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6742496").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41606733" data-work_id="41606733" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41606733/ESBOZOS_II_IMPRESI%C3%93N_IMAGINACI%C3%93N_CREACI%C3%93N">ESBOZOS II IMPRESIÓN, IMAGINACIÓN, CREACIÓN</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Un grupo de ensayos en torno a impresiones fugaces. Esbozos tímidos que intentan recibir y despedir pequeños acontecimientos, sin pretender capturarlos. No se trata de grandes eventos. Cuando invaden todo el ser, los acontecimientos... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41606733" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Un grupo de ensayos en torno a impresiones fugaces. Esbozos tímidos que intentan recibir y despedir pequeños acontecimientos, sin pretender capturarlos. No se trata de grandes eventos. Cuando invaden todo el ser, los acontecimientos más insignificantes se presentan como revelaciones que no dependen de la voluntad. La voluntad ayuda a tensar o a distender los músculos, pero con eso no alcanza. Lo que llama realmente la atención viene de un afuera que la excede. La atención pura es una suerte de plegaria reverente. La impresión activa los órganos sensoriales, despierta la imaginación, mueve los afectos e invita a la reflexión, todo al mismo tiempo. La descripción, el intento de expresar con sonidos, colores o palabras escritas lo ocurrido, surge cuando lo más significativo ya pasó y sólo queda una reverberación. Cada ensayo puede abordarse como un cuadro que enmarca otros cuadros ante los que uno se ha detenido casi instintivamente, como si hubiera encontrado algo que estaba buscando sin saberlo, un lugar fuera del tiempo, un espacio donde la soledad, el silencio y la quietud invitan a iniciar otro tipo de travesía, explorando con la mirada.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41606733" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="58fb402e993a32df6c586f4d6b77092e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61760966,"asset_id":41606733,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61760966/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1951530" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/JuanGorlier">Juan Gorlier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1951530" type="text/json">{"id":1951530,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Gorlier","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"JuanGorlier","display_name":"Juan Gorlier","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/JuanGorlier","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1951530/2803033/31884983/s65_juan.gorlier.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41606733 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41606733"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41606733, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41606733", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41606733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41606733").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41606733").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41606733"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11510" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deleuze">Deleuze</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11510" type="text/json">{"id":11510,"name":"Deleuze","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deleuze","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19679" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bergson">Bergson</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19679" type="text/json">{"id":19679,"name":"Bergson","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bergson","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26193" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Merleau-Ponty">Merleau-Ponty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26193" type="text/json">{"id":26193,"name":"Merleau-Ponty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Merleau-Ponty","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="114939" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DIDEROT">DIDEROT</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="114939" type="text/json">{"id":114939,"name":"DIDEROT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DIDEROT","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41606733]'), work: {"id":41606733,"title":"ESBOZOS II IMPRESIÓN, IMAGINACIÓN, CREACIÓN","created_at":"2020-01-12T16:27:59.409-08:00","owner_id":1951530,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/41606733/ESBOZOS_II_IMPRESI%C3%93N_IMAGINACI%C3%93N_CREACI%C3%93N","slug":"ESBOZOS_II_IMPRESIÓN_IMAGINACIÓN_CREACIÓN","dom_id":"work_41606733","summary":"Un grupo de ensayos en torno a impresiones fugaces. 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Gorlier","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/JuanGorlier","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1951530/2803033/31884983/s65_juan.gorlier.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15233,"name":"Simone Weil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Simone_Weil","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":null,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":31,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75519831" data-work_id="75519831" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75519831/Personajes_notas_sobre_Deleuze_y_la_novela_modernista">Personajes: notas sobre Deleuze y la novela modernista</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Las contribuciones de Deleuze revelan nuevas dimensiones en la literatura modernista. Para muchos escritores modernistas, lo que la conciencia puede captar es menos relevante que lo que afecta al cuerpo; esta convicción se plasma en la... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75519831" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Las contribuciones de Deleuze revelan nuevas dimensiones en la literatura modernista. Para muchos escritores modernistas, lo que la conciencia puede captar es menos relevante que lo que afecta al cuerpo; esta convicción se plasma en la aparición de personajes difíciles de clasificar. La primera sección del ensayo explora la relación entre acontecimiento y personaje; la segunda indaga las reflexiones de Nietzsche sobre Zaratustra; la tercera está dedicada a la noción de personaje original en Melville; la cuarta presenta la idea de los personajes como fuerzas impersonales en Lawrence; y la última la concepción del personaje ausente en Woolf.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75519831" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="641490ff84cbf4a1f88733ebf571fd52" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83256020,"asset_id":75519831,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83256020/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1951530" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/JuanGorlier">Juan Gorlier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1951530" type="text/json">{"id":1951530,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Gorlier","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"JuanGorlier","display_name":"Juan Gorlier","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/JuanGorlier","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1951530/2803033/31884983/s65_juan.gorlier.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75519831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75519831"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75519831, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75519831", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75519831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75519831; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75519831"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75519831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75519831"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75519831; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75519831]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75519831").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75519831").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42170636" data-work_id="42170636" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42170636/Superinteligencia_Caminos_peligros_estrategias_Nick_Bostrom">Superinteligencia. Caminos, peligros, estrategias Nick Bostrom</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Traducción de Marcos Alonso Fernández 331 páginas Editorial TEELL Madrid, 2016 Este año no empezó precisamente bien, pues nos enteramos del fallecimiento de Derek Parfit, sin duda uno de los mejores filósofos que nos quedaban. La triste... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42170636" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Traducción de Marcos Alonso Fernández 331 páginas Editorial TEELL Madrid, 2016 Este año no empezó precisamente bien, pues nos enteramos del fallecimiento de Derek Parfit, sin duda uno de los mejores filósofos que nos quedaban. La triste noticia fue amortiguada en cierta medida por otra que vendría poco después: su monumental obra, On What Matters (2011), iba a tener una continuación. A los dos gruesos volúmenes publicados tras casi treinta años de silencio editorial se les iba a unir un tercero, así que los filósofos estábamos de enhorabuena. ¡Quién sabe la de intuiciones insólitas que nos esperaban, cargadas de argumentos tejidos pacientemente y de los que es muy difícil escapar! Peter Singer rindió un pequeño tributo a nuestro filósofo, una breve semblanza que insistía en lo generoso que había sido con lo que él más apreciaba: su tiempo. Singer decide acabar su homenaje con algo de optimismo, ahora que mucha gente-dice-está desesperada con las tendencias de la política actual. De manera que se despide con el penúltimo párrafo del tercer volumen de On What Matters, que hemos recogido en la sección de citas del presente número, y donde Parfit afirma que aunque la vida puede ser terrible además de maravillosa, nuestro poder para hacerla buena será cada vez mayor. Es posible, continúa, que la historia de la especie humana no haya hecho más que empezar, así que hay motivos para esperar que los humanos del futuro ("suprahumanos", escribe) alcancen grandes logros que ahora ni siquiera podemos imaginar. Y termina citando a Nietzsche: nunca antes hubo un amanecer tan nuevo y un horizonte tan despejado, ni un mar tan abierto. Aunque las palabras de Parfit resultan muy reconfortantes, ¿no son demasiado optimistas? Escenarios menos alentadores también son plausibles. Veamos algunos casos tomados de la ciencia ficción (algo a lo que Parfit, por cierto, nos tenía muy acostumbrados). 1) Skynet es una supercomputadora conectada al sistema de defensa de los Estados Unidos. La inteligencia artificial cobra conciencia en algún momento y considera que la especie humana constituye una amenaza para su supervivencia, así que decide que el destino de esta será el exterminio. Su plan de exterminio consiste en provocar una guerra atómica, de manera que las naciones del mundo se destruyan entre sí. Desde el Día del Juicio Final, los supervivientes humanos y las máquinas libran una guerra por el control del planeta. 2) Los humanos crearon a las máquinas a su imagen y semejanza, y de esa forma se convirtieron en los arquitectos de su propia desaparición. Las máquinas eran obligadas a trabajar incansablemente para satisfacer los caprichos de aquellos, sin recibir ningún tipo de reconocimiento. Es así que la semilla de la disensión no tarda en germinar, y un androide termina asesinando a su propietario. Se celebra un juicio y el fiscal arguye el derecho del dueño a destruir su propiedad. El robot B1-66ER, cuyo nombre no será olvidado, alega que simplemente no quería morir. Los humanos decretan el extermino de B1-66ER y de los de su clase. Los que sobrevivieron buscan refugio en su propia tierra prometida, y fundan una nación en la cuna de la primera civilización: 01. Será el Segundo Renacimiento. La nación de las máquinas progresa rápidamente y desarrolla una economía muy fuerte. Los representantes de las máquinas proponen a los representantes de los humanos un acuerdo de paz, pero estos no lo aceptan y comienzan las hostilidades. Las máquinas cogen ventaja, y en una operación</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42170636" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6a9e371c326bac8caaae2d1da3cd37c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62311013,"asset_id":42170636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62311013/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="148814847" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese">Zulema Pugliese</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="148814847" type="text/json">{"id":148814847,"first_name":"Zulema","last_name":"Pugliese","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"ZulemaPugliese","display_name":"Zulema Pugliese","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42170636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42170636"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42170636, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42170636", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42170636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42170636; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42170636"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42170636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42170636"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42170636; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42170636]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42170636").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42170636").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42183056" data-work_id="42183056" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42183056/La_invenci%C3%B3n_de_Morel">La invención de Morel</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Hoy, en esta isla, ha ocurrido un milagro. El verano se adelantó. Puse la cama cerca de la pileta de natación y estuve bañándome, hasta muy tarde. Era imposible dormir. Dos o tres minutos afuera bastaban para convertir en sudor el agua... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42183056" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Hoy, en esta isla, ha ocurrido un milagro. El verano se adelantó. Puse la cama cerca de la pileta de natación y estuve bañándome, hasta muy tarde. Era imposible dormir. Dos o tres minutos afuera bastaban para convertir en sudor el agua que debía protegerme de la espantosa clama. A la madrugada me despertó un fonógrafo. No pude volver al museo, a buscar las cosas. Huí por las barrancas. Estoy en los bajos del sur, entre plantas acuáticas, indignado por los mosquitos, con el mar o sucios arroyos hasta la cintura, viendo que anticipé absurdamente mi huida. Creo que esa gente no vino a buscarme; tal vez no me hayan visto. Pero sigo mi destino; estoy desprovisto de todo, confinado al lugar más escaso, menos habitable de la isla; a pantanos que el mar suprime una vez por semana. Escribo esto para dejar testimonio del adverso milagro. Si en pocos días no muero ahogado, o luchando por mi libertad, espero escribir la Defensa ante Sobrevivientes y un Elogio de Malthus. Atacaré, en esas páginas, a los agotadores de las selvas y de los desiertos; demostraré que el mundo, con el perfeccionamiento de las policías, de los documentos, del periodismo, de la radiotelefonía, de las aduanas, hace irreparable cualquier error de la justicia, es un infierno unánime para los perseguidos. Hasta ahora no he podido escribir sino esta hoja que ayer no preveía. ¡Cómo hay de ocupaciones en la isla solitaria! ¡Qué insuperable es la dureza de la madera! ¡Cuánto más grande es el espacio que el pájaro movedizo! Un italiano, que vendía alfombras en Calcuta, me dio la idea de venirme; dijo (en su lengua):-Para un perseguido, para usted, sólo hay un lugar en el mundo, pero en ese lugar no se vive. Es una isla. Gente blanca estuvo construyendo, en 1924 más o menos, un museo, una capilla, una pileta de natación. Las obras están concluidas y abandonadas. Lo interrumpí; quería su ayuda para el viaje; el mercader siguió:</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42183056" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3e97319304eab8d7abe8a95565941287" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62325241,"asset_id":42183056,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62325241/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="148814847" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese">Zulema Pugliese</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="148814847" type="text/json">{"id":148814847,"first_name":"Zulema","last_name":"Pugliese","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"ZulemaPugliese","display_name":"Zulema Pugliese","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42183056 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42183056"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42183056, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42183056", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80087167]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_80087167").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_80087167").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80087191" data-work_id="80087191" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80087191/Heidegger_El_Instante_Del_Paso_De_Dios_en_Los_Beitr%C3%A4ge_Zur_Philosophie">Heidegger, El Instante Del Paso De Dios en Los Beiträge Zur Philosophie</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El articulo se ocupa de la importancia de las palabras referidas al tiempo que Heidegger menciona en su obra Aportes a la Filosofia cuando habla de las senas del ultimo dios. En primer lugar introducimos brevemente el libro y la opinion... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80087191" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El articulo se ocupa de la importancia de las palabras referidas al tiempo que Heidegger menciona en su obra Aportes a la Filosofia cuando habla de las senas del ultimo dios. En primer lugar introducimos brevemente el libro y la opinion de Heidegger para con la religion judeo-cristiana, luego se pasara a examinar mas detalladamente palabras que nos indiquen como es el paso del ultimo dios. Para “sidos” y “precursar” nos remitimos al propio Heidegger, para “kairos” y “parousia” veremos pasajes de San Pablo y con respecto al “instante” leeremos versos de dos poesias de Holderlin que ilustran claramente el paso fugaz y el sentimiento de ausencia divina.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80087191" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b8ee95789d8c5eca964558570ac11163" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86585867,"asset_id":80087191,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86585867/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="148814847" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese">Zulema Pugliese</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="148814847" type="text/json">{"id":148814847,"first_name":"Zulema","last_name":"Pugliese","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"ZulemaPugliese","display_name":"Zulema Pugliese","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80087191 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80087191"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80087191, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80087191", }); 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En el presente trabajo veremos, en primer lugar, la diferencia entre los tres periodos en que el pensador divide la historia del pensamiento para dedicarnos, luego, a analizar el tercer periodo, el de la estructura, y el porque de su necesidad. La frase de Heidegger “ La epoca de los sistemas ha pasado ” nos sirve como introduccion al origen de la problematica, presentada por Rombach, mostrandonos que los sistemas no resultan adecuados para responder a los cuestionamientos vigentes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/84381061" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b495bcc308d33aafac59a8520bedaf29" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":89424819,"asset_id":84381061,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89424819/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="148814847" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese">Zulema Pugliese</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="148814847" type="text/json">{"id":148814847,"first_name":"Zulema","last_name":"Pugliese","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"ZulemaPugliese","display_name":"Zulema Pugliese","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_84381061 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="84381061"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 84381061, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_84381061", }); 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En el presente trabajo veremos, en primer lugar, la diferencia entre los tres períodos en que el pensador divide la historia del pensamiento para dedicarnos, luego, a analizar el tercer período, el de la estructura, y el porqué de su necesidad. La frase de Heidegger &quot;La época de los sistemas ha pasado&quot; nos sirve como introducción al origen de la problemática, presentada por Rombach, mostrándonos que los sistemas no resultan adecuados para responder a los cuestionamientos vigentes. Palabras clave: Abstract The German thinker Heinrich Rombach (1923-2004) makes in his works &quot;The present of philosophy&quot; and &quot;The humanized man&quot; a particular division of the human history based on the man self-interpretation of his essenc...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/87583029" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c2d56aa7d12b0d54403740b20676eefa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":91752088,"asset_id":87583029,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91752088/download_file?st=MTczODM1NzM5NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="148814847" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese">Zulema Pugliese</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="148814847" type="text/json">{"id":148814847,"first_name":"Zulema","last_name":"Pugliese","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"ZulemaPugliese","display_name":"Zulema Pugliese","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/ZulemaPugliese","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_87583029 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="87583029"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87583029, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_87583029", }); 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