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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Treasure skeptics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Treasure_skeptics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rogelio_Roxas_lawsuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rogelio_Roxas_lawsuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rogelio Roxas lawsuit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rogelio_Roxas_lawsuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events_surrounding_the_excavation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events_surrounding_the_excavation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Events surrounding the excavation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events_surrounding_the_excavation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item 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type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8_%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="ذهب ياماشيتا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ذهب ياماشيتا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_oro_de_Yamashita" title="El oro de Yamashita – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="El oro de Yamashita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamashitaren_urrea" title="Yamashitaren urrea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yamashitaren urrea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Or_de_Yamashita" title="Or de Yamashita – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Or de Yamashita" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EB%A7%88%EC%8B%9C%ED%83%80_%EB%B3%B4%EB%AC%BC" title="야마시타 보물 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="야마시타 보물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emas_Yamashita" title="Emas Yamashita – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Emas Yamashita" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oro_di_Yamashita" title="Oro di Yamashita – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Oro di Yamashita" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%96%D7%94%D7%91_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%98%D7%94" title="הזהב של ימאשיטה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הזהב של ימאשיטה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="იამასიტას ოქრო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იამასიტას ოქრო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8B%E8%B2%A1%E5%AE%9D" title="山下財宝 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="山下財宝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C5%82oto_Yamashity" title="Złoto Yamashity – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Złoto Yamashity" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Золото Ямаситы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Золото Ямаситы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginto_ni_Yamashita" title="Ginto ni Yamashita – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ginto ni Yamashita" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamashita%27n%C4%B1n_alt%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1" title="Yamashita'nın altınları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yamashita'nın altınları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kho_v%C3%A0ng_c%E1%BB%A7a_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bng_Yamashita_Tomoyuki_t%E1%BA%A1i_Philippines" title="Kho vàng của tướng Yamashita Tomoyuki tại Philippines – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Purported treasure hidden in the Philippines</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamashita_Tomoyuki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Yamashita_Tomoyuki.jpg/165px-Yamashita_Tomoyuki.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Yamashita_Tomoyuki.jpg/248px-Yamashita_Tomoyuki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Yamashita_Tomoyuki.jpg/330px-Yamashita_Tomoyuki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="688" data-file-height="974" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tomoyuki_Yamashita" title="Tomoyuki Yamashita">General Tomoyuki Yamashita</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chichibunomiya_Yasuhito.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chichibunomiya_Yasuhito.jpg/165px-Chichibunomiya_Yasuhito.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chichibunomiya_Yasuhito.jpg/248px-Chichibunomiya_Yasuhito.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chichibunomiya_Yasuhito.jpg/330px-Chichibunomiya_Yasuhito.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1813" data-file-height="2396" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Prince_Chichibu" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Chichibu">Prince Yasuhito Chichibu</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Yamashita's gold</b>, also referred to as the <b>Yamashita treasure</b>, is the name given to the alleged <a href="/wiki/War_loot" class="mw-redirect" title="War loot">war loot</a> stolen in Southeast Asia by <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese forces</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and supposedly hidden in caves, tunnels, or underground complexes in different cities in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>. It was named after the Japanese general <a href="/wiki/Tomoyuki_Yamashita" title="Tomoyuki Yamashita">Tomoyuki Yamashita</a>, dubbed as "The Tiger of Malaya", who conquered <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">Malaya</a> within 70 days from the British. Though there are accounts that claim the treasure remains hidden in the Philippines and have lured treasure hunters from around the world for over 50 years, its existence has been dismissed by most experts.<sup id="cite_ref-app_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-app-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rumored treasure was the subject of a complex lawsuit that was filed in a <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaiian</a> state court in 1988 involving a Filipino treasure hunter, <a href="/wiki/Rogelio_Roxas" title="Rogelio Roxas">Rogelio Roxas</a>, and the former Philippine president, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-uniset.ca_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uniset.ca-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Looting_of_gold">Looting of gold</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Looting of gold"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prominent among those who have argued for the existence of Yamashita's gold are <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Seagrave" title="Sterling Seagrave">Sterling Seagrave</a> and his wife Peggy Seagrave, who wrote two books related to the subject: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Yamato_Dynasty:_The_Secret_History_of_Japan%27s_Imperial_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="The Yamato Dynasty: The Secret History of Japan's Imperial Family">The Yamato Dynasty: The Secret History of Japan's Imperial Family</a></i> (2000) and <i>Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold</i> (2003). The Seagraves contend that looting, including more than 6000 tonnes of gold, was organized on a massive scale, by both <i><a href="/wiki/Yakuza" title="Yakuza">yakuza</a></i> gangsters such as <a href="/wiki/Yoshio_Kodama" title="Yoshio Kodama">Yoshio Kodama</a>, and the highest levels of Japanese society, including Emperor <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Japanese government intended that loot from Southeast Asia would finance Japan's war effort.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Seagraves allege that Hirohito appointed his brother, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Chichibu" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Chichibu">Prince Yasuhito Chichibu</a>, to head a secret organization named <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Kin no yuri</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">金の百合</span></span>, "Golden Lily")</span>, after a poem that the Emperor Hirohito had written.<sup id="cite_ref-Gough_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gough-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is purported that many of those who knew the locations of the loot were killed during the war, or later tried by the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a> for war crimes and executed or incarcerated. Yamashita himself was convicted of war crimes and executed by the United States Army on February 23, 1946, in <a href="/wiki/Los_Ba%C3%B1os,_Laguna" title="Los Baños, Laguna">Los Baños, Laguna</a>, the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the Seagraves, numerous Golden Lily vaults were found by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lansdale" title="Edward Lansdale">Edward Lansdale</a> and Severino Garcia Diaz Santa Romana<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in caves north of Manila in the high valleys and the '<a href="/w/index.php?title=M-Fund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M-Fund (page does not exist)">M-Fund</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E8%B3%87%E9%87%91" class="extiw" title="ja:M資金">ja</a>]</span>', which was named after Major General <a href="/wiki/William_F._Marquat" title="William F. Marquat">William Marquat</a>, was established from Santa Romana and Lansdale's work.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sterling Seagrave alleged that Santa Romana (Santy) tortured Yamashita's driver Major Kojima Kashii to obtain the probable locations of the loot.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Seagraves wrote that Lansdale flew to Tokyo and briefed MacArthur and his Chief of Intelligence <a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Willoughby" title="Charles A. Willoughby">Charles Willoughby</a>, later flew to the United States to brief <a href="/wiki/Clark_Clifford" title="Clark Clifford">Clark Clifford</a> and returned with <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Anderson_(Texas_politician)" title="Robert B. Anderson (Texas politician)">Robert Anderson</a> to inspect several caves in Philippines with <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a>. More than 170 tunnels and caves were found.<sup id="cite_ref-Gough_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gough-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ray_S._Cline" title="Ray S. Cline">Ray Cline</a> believes that both Robert Anderson and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Helliwell" title="Paul Helliwell">Paul Helliwell</a> created 176 "black gold" banking accounts in 42 countries after moving the loot by ship to support future United States operations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The stolen property reportedly included many different kinds of valuables looted from banks, depositories, other commercial premises, museums, private homes, and religious buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It takes its name from General <a href="/wiki/Tomoyuki_Yamashita" title="Tomoyuki Yamashita">Tomoyuki Yamashita</a>, who assumed command of the Japanese forces in the Philippines in 1944. </p><p>According to various accounts, the loot was initially concentrated in Singapore, and later transported to the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Japanese hoped to ship the treasure from the Philippines to the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_archipelago" title="Japanese archipelago">Japanese Home Islands</a> after the war ended. As the <a href="/wiki/War_in_the_Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="War in the Pacific">War in the Pacific</a> progressed, United States Navy submarines and Allied warplanes inflicted increasingly heavy sinkings of Japanese <a href="/wiki/Merchant_shipping" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant shipping">merchant shipping</a>. Some of the ships carrying the war booty back to Japan were sunk in combat. </p><p>The Seagraves and a few others<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have claimed that American military intelligence operatives located much of the loot; they colluded with Hirohito and other senior Japanese figures to conceal its existence, and they used it as "Black Gold" to finance American covert intelligence operations around the world during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>. These rumors have inspired many hopeful treasure hunters, but most experts and Filipino historians say there is no credible evidence behind these claims.<sup id="cite_ref-app_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-app-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-usn&wr_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usn&wr-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1992, <a href="/wiki/Imelda_Marcos" title="Imelda Marcos">Imelda Marcos</a> claimed without evidence that Yamashita's gold accounted for the bulk of the wealth of her husband, Ferdinand Marcos.<sup id="cite_ref-Bulletin_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulletin-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many individuals and consortia, both Philippine and foreign, continue to search for treasure sites. A number of accidental deaths, injuries and financial losses incurred by treasure hunters have been reported.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_Philippines" title="National Museum of the Philippines">National Museum of the Philippines</a> is responsible for the issuance of treasure hunting permits and licenses.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treasure_skeptics">Treasure skeptics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Treasure skeptics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ricardo Trota Jose,<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://history.upd.edu.ph/?faculty=jose">[1]</a> history professor from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines" title="University of the Philippines">University of the Philippines</a>, has questioned the theory that treasure from mainland Southeast Asia was transported to the Philippines: "By 1943 the Japanese were no longer in control of the seas... It doesn't make sense to bring in something that valuable here when you know it's going to be lost to the Americans anyway. The more rational thing would have been to send it to <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Taiwan</a> or <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">China</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Philippines <a href="/wiki/National_Historical_Institute_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Historical Institute (Philippines)">National Historical Institute</a> chairman and historian <a href="/wiki/Ambeth_Ocampo" title="Ambeth Ocampo">Ambeth Ocampo</a> commented: "Two of the wealth myths I usually encounter are the Yamashita treasure and gossip that the <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Cojuangco,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Eduardo Cojuangco, Jr.">Cojuangco fortune</a> was founded on a bag of money..." Ocampo also said: "For the past 50 years, many people, both Filipinos and foreigners, have spent their time, money and energy in search of Yamashita's elusive treasure." Professor Ocampo noted "What makes me wonder is that for the past 50 years, despite all the treasure hunters, their maps, oral testimony and sophisticated metal detectors, nobody has found a thing." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rogelio_Roxas_lawsuit">Rogelio Roxas lawsuit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Rogelio Roxas lawsuit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 1988, a Filipino treasure hunter named <a href="/wiki/Rogelio_Roxas" title="Rogelio Roxas">Rogelio Roxas</a> filed a lawsuit in the state of Hawaii against the former president of the Philippines, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Imelda_Marcos" title="Imelda Marcos">Imelda Marcos</a> for theft and human rights abuses. Roxas claimed that in <a href="/wiki/Baguio" title="Baguio">Baguio</a> in 1961 he met the son of a former member of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Japanese army</a> who mapped for him the location of the legendary Yamashita Treasure. Roxas claimed a second man, who served as Yamashita's interpreter during the World War II, told him of visiting an underground chamber there where stores of gold and silver were kept, and who told of a golden <a href="/wiki/Buddharupa" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddharupa">buddha</a> kept at a convent located near the underground chambers. Roxas claimed that within the next few years he formed a group to search for the treasure, and obtained a permit for the purpose from a relative of Ferdinand, Judge Pio Marcos. In 1971, Roxas claimed, he and his group uncovered an enclosed chamber on state lands near Baguio where he found bayonets, <a href="/wiki/Samurai_sword" class="mw-redirect" title="Samurai sword">samurai swords</a>, radios, and skeletal remains dressed in a Japanese military uniform. Also found in the chamber, Roxas claimed, were a 3-foot-high (0.91 m) <a href="/wiki/Buddhar%C5%ABpa" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddharūpa">golden-colored Buddha</a> and numerous stacked crates which filled an area approximately 6 feet x 6 feet x 35 feet. He claimed he opened just one of the boxes, and found it packed with <a href="/wiki/Gold_bullion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold bullion">gold bullion</a>. He said he took from the chamber the golden Buddha, which he estimated to weigh 1,000 kilograms, and one box with twenty-four <a href="/wiki/Gold_bar" title="Gold bar">gold bars</a>, and hid them in his home. He claimed he resealed the chamber for safekeeping until he could arrange the removal of the remaining boxes, which he suspected were also filled with gold bars. Roxas said he sold seven of the gold bars from the opened box, and sought potential buyers for the golden Buddha. Two individuals representing prospective buyers examined and tested the metal in the Buddha, Roxas said, and reported it was made of solid, 20-carat gold. It was soon after this, Roxas claimed, that President Ferdinand Marcos learned of Roxas' discovery and ordered him arrested, beaten, and the Buddha and remaining gold seized. Roxas alleged that in retaliation to his vocal campaign to reclaim the Buddha and the remainder of the treasure taken from him, Ferdinand continued to have Roxas threatened, beaten, and eventually incarcerated for over a year.<sup id="cite_ref-uniset.ca_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uniset.ca-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following his release, Roxas put his claims against Marcos on hold until Ferdinand lost the presidency in 1986. But in 1988, Roxas and the Golden Budha Corporation, which now held the ownership rights to the treasure Roxas claims was stolen from him, filed suit against Ferdinand and wife Imelda in a Hawaiian state court seeking damages for the theft and the surrounding human rights abuses committed against Roxas. Roxas died on the eve of trial,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but prior to his death he gave the deposition testimony that would be later used in evidence. In 1996, the Roxas estate and the Golden Budha Corporation received what was then-largest judgment ever awarded in history, $22 billion, which with interest increased to $40.5 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1998, the Hawaii Supreme Court held that there was sufficient evidence to support the jury's finding that Roxas found the treasure and that Marcos converted it. However, the court reversed the damage award, holding that the $22 billion award of damages for the chamber full of gold was too speculative, as there was no evidence of quantity or quality, and ordered a new hearing on the value of the golden Buddha and 17 bars of gold only.<sup id="cite_ref-uniset.ca_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uniset.ca-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After several more years of legal proceedings, the Golden Budha Corporation obtained a final judgment against Imelda Marcos to the extent of her interest in the Marcos estate in the principal amount of $13,275,848.37 and Roxas’ estate obtained a $6 million judgment on the claim for human right abuse.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This lawsuit ultimately concluded that Roxas found a treasure, and although the Hawaiian state court was not required to determine whether this particular treasure was the legendary Yamashita’s gold, the testimony relied upon by the court in reaching its conclusion pointed in that direction. Roxas was allegedly following a map from the son of a Japanese soldier; Roxas allegedly relied on tips provided from Yamashita’s interpreter; and Roxas allegedly found samurai swords and the skeletons of dead Japanese soldiers in the treasure chamber. All this led the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Ninth Circuit Court of Appeal</a> to summarize the allegations leading to Roxas’ final judgment as follows: "The Yamashita Treasure was found by Roxas and stolen from Roxas by Marcos' men."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events_surrounding_the_excavation">Events surrounding the excavation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Events surrounding the excavation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 1969, rumors spread that gold bars had been found in the mountains about 40km away from Manila. In June 2018, local police arrested 17 people, including 4 Japanese, including a 15-year-old boy, and 13 Filipinos, for illegal mining on Capones Island for treasure.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Yamashita%27s_gold" title="Special:EditPage/Yamashita's gold">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>Yamashita's gold, though not mentioned by that name, serves as a major plot element of <i><a href="/wiki/Cryptonomicon" title="Cryptonomicon">Cryptonomicon</a></i>, a novel by <a href="/wiki/Neal_Stephenson" title="Neal Stephenson">Neal Stephenson</a></li> <li>A film about the alleged treasure, <i><a href="/wiki/Yamashita:_The_Tiger%27s_Treasure" title="Yamashita: The Tiger's Treasure">Yamashita: The Tiger's Treasure</a></i>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Chito_S._Ro%C3%B1o" title="Chito S. Roño">Chito S. Roño</a> was released in the Philippines in 2001. It tells about a story of a former Filipino POW and his grandson torn between secret agents and a corrupt former Japanese soldier that is interested in the buried loot. The grandfather is the only surviving person who knows the location of the buried treasure.</li> <li>An episode of the American TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Unsolved_Mysteries" title="Unsolved Mysteries">Unsolved Mysteries</a></i>, the first broadcast on American TV on January 27, 1993, discussed the fate of the loot that has supposedly been amassed by Gen. Yamashita</li> <li>The later part of the console game <i><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor:_Rising_Sun" title="Medal of Honor: Rising Sun">Medal of Honor: Rising Sun</a></i> focuses around the gold</li> <li>Yamashita's gold serves as a plot element of <i><a href="/wiki/Dragon_(Clive_Cussler_novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dragon (Clive Cussler novel)">Dragon</a></i>, a novel by <a href="/wiki/Clive_Cussler" title="Clive Cussler">Clive Cussler</a>, and in <i>Gaijin Cowgirl</i>, a novel by Jame DiBiasio. It also features the plot of <i>Pursuit of the Golden Lily</i>, a novel by R. Emery that was inspired by her father's wartime diary.</li> <li><i>Ore, or Or</i>, a play by <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Pflaster" title="Duncan Pflaster">Duncan Pflaster</a>, uses Yamashita's gold as a metaphor for the love lives of modern-day characters, one of whom is trying to determine if a crate of golden statues uncovered in the Philippines was part of Yamashita's hoard or not</li> <li><i>The Mystery of Yamashita's Map</i> (2007), a novel by James McKenzie, tells the story of a group of treasure hunters who go in search of Yamashita's gold</li> <li>A TV show, <i>Yamashita's Treasure</i>, was broadcast by Singapore's Media, Mediacorp in 2010</li> <li>Yamashita's gold is a major plot element of <i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Mine" title="Dead Mine">Dead Mine</a></i>, a 2013 horror film set on a remote Indonesian island</li> <li>The storyline of <a href="/wiki/Tan_Twan_Eng" title="Tan Twan Eng">Tan Twan Eng</a>'s 2012 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Garden_of_Evening_Mists" title="The Garden of Evening Mists">The Garden of Evening Mists</a></i> is based around Imperial Japan's Golden Lily plan, the operation which amassed Yamashita's gold</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Howell" title="Colin Howell">Colin Howell</a>, a Northern Irish double murderer, lost the majority of the money he obtained by murdering his wife in a scam purporting to recover Yamashita's gold. This was dramatised on ITV in 2016 as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_(TV_series)" title="The Secret (TV series)">The Secret</a></i>.</li> <li>In the visual novel <i><a href="/wiki/Umineko_When_They_Cry" title="Umineko When They Cry">Umineko no Naku Koro ni</a></i>, the story of the gold that the Ushiromiya head is supposed to hide is inspired by Yamashita's gold, especially in the 7th episode</li> <li>In the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Expedition_Unknown" title="Expedition Unknown">Expedition Unknown</a></i> host Josh Gates travels to the Philippines to help treasure hunters search for the lost gold</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/History_Channel" title="History Channel">History Channel</a> began airing a documentary series titled <i>Lost Gold of World War II</i> in March 2019, produced by AMPLE Entertainment, following a team of American investigators searching for the gold. It features John Casey, Manny Paez, Bingo Minerva, Martin Flagg, Jeremy Mcmillan, JD Foringer, and Brad Carr</li> <li>The 2020 Korean comedy film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Holiday" title="The Golden Holiday">The Golden Holiday</a></i> revolves around the search for the gold.</li> <li>The treasure is a plot element in the 2021 film <i><a href="/wiki/Dangerous_(2021_film)" title="Dangerous (2021 film)">Dangerous</a></i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_theft_and_looting_during_World_War_II" title="Art theft and looting during World War II">Art theft and looting during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_gold" title="Confederate gold">Confederate gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lost_mines" title="List of lost mines">List of lost mines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missing_treasures" title="List of missing treasures">List of missing treasures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_gold" title="Nazi gold">Nazi gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_plunder" title="Nazi plunder">Nazi plunder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Big_Bird" title="Operation Big Bird">Operation Big Bird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Commission_on_Good_Government" title="Presidential Commission on Good Government">Presidential Commission on Good Government</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Severino Garcia Diaz Santa Romana (b. 1901 or 1907, Luzon) was a Filipino-American commando who fought in the Philippines during World War II and had witness Japanese placing very heavy boxes in tunnels and caves.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, United States Navy Warrant Officer John Ballinger disguised as a fisherman had witness Japanese offloading very heavy boxes full of gold from a hospital ship in early 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On October 19, 1945, Edward Lansdale began his fact finding mission after he arrived in <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bay" title="Manila Bay">Manila Bay</a> aboard the United States Army Transport Ship (USAT) <i>USS Uruguay</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson2020127–130_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson2020127–130-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ship was originally operated by the Panama Pacific Line as the passenger liner CALIFORNIA sailing between San Francisco and New York via Los Angeles, San Diego, the Panama Canal and Havana from 1928-1937, operated by the US Maritime Commission as the URUGUAY from 1937-1942 after which it became the USAT USS Uruguay from 1942-1946 and operated by Moore-McCormack Lines as the passenger liner URUGUAY sailing between New York and South America from 1948-1954 after which it was mothballed and subsequently sold as scrap in 1964 to the firm North American Smelting Company of Wilmington, Delaware.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With a total worth of over $50 trillion in 2009, one Black Eagle Trust numbered account depostited at the <a href="/wiki/HSBC" title="HSBC">HSBC</a> was a certificate of time deposit worth $93 billion on September 15, 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-Gough_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gough-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-app-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-app_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-app_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asianpacificpost.com/portal2/402881910674ebab010674f5a2071e81.do.html"><i>Asian Pacific Post</i>, "Searching for the lost treasure of Yamashita" (Wednesday, August 24, 2005)</a> Access date: January 10, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061207124959/http://www.asianpacificpost.com/portal2/402881910674ebab010674f5a2071e81.do.html">Archived</a> December 7, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asianjournal.com/cgi-bin/view_info.cgi?code=4094">"Enduring Myths by Ambeth R. Ocampo (January 17, 2004)"</a> Access date: December 6, 2007.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2015">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218010100/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/doubleissue/mysteries/yamashita.htm">"The loot of Luzon, Tokyo gold buried in the Philippines – really?"</a>. Usnews.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/usnews/doubleissue/mysteries/yamashita.htm">the original</a> on February 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+loot+of+Luzon%2C+Tokyo+gold+buried+in+the+Philippines+%E2%80%93+really%3F&rft.pub=Usnews.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fusnews%2Fdoubleissue%2Fmysteries%2Fyamashita.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uniset.ca-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uniset.ca_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uniset.ca_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uniset.ca_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uniset.ca/other/cs6/969P2d1209.html">"Supreme Court of Hawaii, Roxas v. Marcos, November 17, 1998"</a>. Uniset.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Supreme+Court+of+Hawaii%2C+Roxas+v.+Marcos%2C+November+17%2C+1998&rft.pub=Uniset.ca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funiset.ca%2Fother%2Fcs6%2F969P2d1209.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnson-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2003" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Chalmers (2003-11-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031119071557/http://www.lrb.co.uk/v25/n22/john04_.html">"The Looting of Asia: A review of <i>Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/London_Review_of_Books" title="London Review of Books">London Review of Books</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v25/n22/john04_.html">the original</a> on 2003-11-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=andrewgough.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+Golden+Lily+Conspiracy%3A+My+Journey+of+Discovery&rft.date=2020-03-01&rft.aulast=Gough&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandrewgough.co.uk%2Fthe-golden-lily-conspiracy-my-journey-of-discovery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelts2004" class="citation web cs1">Kelts, Roland (11 July 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210812042140/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2004/07/11/general/believe-it-or-not/">"Believe it... or not"</a>. <i>Japan Times</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2004/07/11/general/believe-it-or-not/">the original</a> on 12 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Believe+it...+or+not&rft.date=2004-07-11&rft.aulast=Kelts&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Flife%2F2004%2F07%2F11%2Fgeneral%2Fbelieve-it-or-not%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.investorvillage.com/smbd.asp?mb=144&mn=188360&pt=msg&mid=17330508">"Golden Lily Operation"</a>. <i>investorvillage.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200623000000/https://www.investorvillage.com/smbd.asp?mb=144&mn=188360&pt=msg&mid=17330508">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=investorvillage.com&rft.atitle=Golden+Lily+Operation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.investorvillage.com%2Fsmbd.asp%3Fmb%3D144%26mn%3D188360%26pt%3Dmsg%26mid%3D17330508&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson2020127–130-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson2020127–130_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnderson2020">Anderson 2020</a>, pp. 127–130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8dv1kns/entire_text/">"A guide to the USS Uruguay (built 1928; passenger liner) survey report"</a>. <i>HDC1668 (SAFR 23827) <a href="/wiki/Online_Archive_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Archive of California">Online Archive of California</a></i>. January 1946<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HDC1668+%28SAFR+23827%29+Online+Archive+of+California&rft.atitle=A+guide+to+the+USS+Uruguay+%28built+1928%3B+passenger+liner%29+survey+report&rft.date=1946-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oac.cdlib.org%2Ffindaid%2Fark%3A%2F13030%2Fc8dv1kns%2Fentire_text%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usn&wr-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usn&wr_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTharp2000" class="citation cs2">Tharp, Mike (July 24, 2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218010100/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/doubleissue/mysteries/yamashita.htm">"The loot of Luzon"</a>, <i>U.S. News & World Report</i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/usnews/doubleissue/mysteries/yamashita.htm">the original</a> on February 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.atitle=The+loot+of+Luzon&rft.date=2000-07-24&rft.aulast=Tharp&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fusnews%2Fdoubleissue%2Fmysteries%2Fyamashita.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bulletin-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bulletin_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1243&dat=19920203&id=LVYPAAAAIBAJ&pg=4782,3870408">"Marcos Widow Claims Wealth Due to 'Yamashita Treasure'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bulletin_(Bend)" title="The Bulletin (Bend)">The Bulletin</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Bend,_Oregon" title="Bend, Oregon">Bend, Oregon</a>, February 3, 1992<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Marcos+Widow+Claims+Wealth+Due+to+%27Yamashita+Treasure%27&rft.date=1992-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1243%26dat%3D19920203%26id%3DLVYPAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4782%2C3870408&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalaverria2022" class="citation web cs1">Salaverria, Leila B. (2022-01-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1545222/marcos-if-they-know-something-i-need-that-gold">"Marcos: If they know something . . . I need that gold"</a>. <i>Inquirer</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inquirer&rft.atitle=Marcos%3A+If+they+know+something+.+.+.+I+need+that+gold&rft.date=2022-01-26&rft.aulast=Salaverria&rft.aufirst=Leila+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1545222%2Fmarcos-if-they-know-something-i-need-that-gold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See, for example, <i>Asian Pacific Post</i>, 2005, <i>Ibid</i> and; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/68345.stm">BBC, "WWII Japanese bomb kills Philippines treasure hunters" (March 22, 1998)</a>. Access date: January 10, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2010/03/26/republic-act-no-10066/">"Republic Act No. 10066"</a>. <i>Official Gazette</i>. Government of the Philippines. March 26, 2010. §30(a)(8).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+Gazette&rft.atitle=Republic+Act+No.+10066&rft.pages=%C2%A730%28a%29%288%29&rft.date=2010-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.officialgazette.gov.ph%2F2010%2F03%2F26%2Frepublic-act-no-10066%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Asian Pacific Post</i> 2005, <i>Ibid</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"22-billion award vs. Marcoses reversed", <i>Filipino Express</i>, November 29, 1998</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050208200459/http://starbulletin.com/2000/02/29/news/story3.html">"Lawyers Debate Value of Stolen Gold"</a>. Honolulu Star-Bulletin. 2000-02-29. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://starbulletin.com/2000/02/29/news/story3.html">the original</a> on 2005-02-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lawyers+Debate+Value+of+Stolen+Gold&rft.pub=Honolulu+Star-Bulletin&rft.date=2000-02-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstarbulletin.com%2F2000%2F02%2F29%2Fnews%2Fstory3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=news05_jan28_2006">"Manila Standard Today, Marcos Victims Dying To Get Paid, January 28, 2006"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606100551/http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=news05_jan28_2006">Archived</a> June 6, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metnews.com/articles/2006/marc050506.htm">Marcos Torture Victims Entitled to Millions, Ninth Circuit Says, Metropolitan News-Enterprise, May 5, 2006</a></li> <li><i>Republic of the Philippines v Pimentel</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotusblog.com/movabletype/archives/Arelma_Petitionfinal.pdf">Petition for a Writ for Certiorari, United States Supreme Court</a></li> <li><i>Judge allots $35 million to plaintiffs vs. Marcos</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.starbulletin.com/2004/07/13/news/story3.html">Honolulu Star-Bulletin, July 13, 2004</a></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotusblog.com/movabletype/archives/Arelma_Petitionfinal.pdf">"<i>Republic of the Philippines v Pimentel, Petition for a Writ for Certiorari</i>, United States Supreme Court, p. 43"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Republic+of+the+Philippines+v+Pimentel%2C+Petition+for+a+Writ+for+Certiorari%2C+United+States+Supreme+Court%2C+p.+43&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotusblog.com%2Fmovabletype%2Farchives%2FArelma_Petitionfinal.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeagraveSeagrave2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Seagrave" title="Sterling Seagrave">Seagrave, Sterling</a>; Seagrave, Peggu (11 September 2002). <i>Opération "Lys d'or" : Le scandaleux secret de la guerre du Pacifique ou comment les Etats-Unis ont utilisé le trésor de guerre japonais pour financer la guerre froide</i> (in French). <a href="/wiki/Yves_Michalon" title="Yves Michalon">Yves Michalon</a> <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Michalon" class="extiw" title="fr:Éditions Michalon">Éditions</a> (<a href="/wiki/L%27Harmattan" title="L'Harmattan">L'Harmattan</a>). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2841861606" title="Special:BookSources/978-2841861606"><bdi>978-2841861606</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Op%C3%A9ration+%22Lys+d%27or%22+%3A+Le+scandaleux+secret+de+la+guerre+du+Pacifique+ou+comment+les+Etats-Unis+ont+utilis%C3%A9+le+tr%C3%A9sor+de+guerre+japonais+pour+financer+la+guerre+froide&rft.pub=Yves+Michalon+%C3%89ditions+%28L%27Harmattan%29&rft.date=2002-09-11&rft.isbn=978-2841861606&rft.aulast=Seagrave&rft.aufirst=Sterling&rft.au=Seagrave%2C+Peggu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeagraveSeagrave2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Seagrave" title="Sterling Seagrave">Seagrave, Sterling</a>; Seagrave, Peggy (January 1, 2003). <i>Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold</i>. <a href="/wiki/Verso_Books" title="Verso Books">Verso</a>. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00SQDO3GU">B00SQDO3GU</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gold+Warriors%3A+America%27s+Secret+Recovery+of+Yamashita%27s+Gold&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB00SQDO3GU%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Seagrave&rft.aufirst=Sterling&rft.au=Seagrave%2C+Peggy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeagraveSeagrave2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Seagrave" title="Sterling Seagrave">Seagrave, Sterling</a>; Seagrave, Peggy (December 26, 2005). <i>Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold</i>. <a href="/wiki/Verso_Books" title="Verso Books">Verso</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1844675319" title="Special:BookSources/978-1844675319"><bdi>978-1844675319</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gold+Warriors%3A+America%27s+Secret+Recovery+of+Yamashita%27s+Gold&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=2005-12-26&rft.isbn=978-1844675319&rft.aulast=Seagrave&rft.aufirst=Sterling&rft.au=Seagrave%2C+Peggy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2020" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Scott_Anderson_(novelist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott Anderson (novelist)">Anderson, Scott</a> (2020). <i>The Quiet Americans: Four CIA Spies at the Dawn of the Cold War - A Tragedy in Three Acts</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780385540452" title="Special:BookSources/9780385540452"><bdi>9780385540452</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Quiet+Americans%3A+Four+CIA+Spies+at+the+Dawn+of+the+Cold+War+-+A+Tragedy+in+Three+Acts&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9780385540452&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolfe1989" class="citation book cs1">Wolfe, Jane (1989). <i>The Murchisons: The Rise and Fall of a Texas Dynasty</i>. <a href="/wiki/St_Martins_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="St Martins Press">St Martins Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0312034047" title="Special:BookSources/978-0312034047"><bdi>978-0312034047</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Murchisons%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+a+Texas+Dynasty&rft.pub=St+Martins+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0312034047&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=Jane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF高橋_五郎_(Takahashi,_Goro)2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%A9%8B_%E4%BA%94%E9%83%8E" class="extiw" title="ja:高橋五郎">高橋五郎 (Takahashi, Goro)</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in Japanese]</span> (May 1, 2008). <i>天皇の金塊 (Emperor's Gold Nugget)</i> (in Japanese). <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9" class="extiw" title="ja:学研プラス">Gakken Plus</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4054036000" title="Special:BookSources/978-4054036000"><bdi>978-4054036000</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87%E3%81%AE%E9%87%91%E5%A1%8A+%28Emperor%27s+Gold+Nugget%29&rft.pub=Gakken+Plus&rft.date=2008-05-01&rft.isbn=978-4054036000&rft.au=%E9%AB%98%E6%A9%8B+%E4%BA%94%E9%83%8E+%28Takahashi%2C+Goro%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamashita%27s_gold&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>General</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunning2019" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dunning_(author)" title="Brian Dunning (author)">Dunning, Brian</a> (April 30, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skeptoid.com/episodes/4673">"Skeptoid #673: Yamashita's Gold"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dunning_(author)#Skeptoid_podcasts" title="Brian Dunning (author)">Skeptoid</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Skeptoid&rft.atitle=Skeptoid+%23673%3A+Yamashita%27s+Gold&rft.date=2019-04-30&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskeptoid.com%2Fepisodes%2F4673&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEng2012" class="citation book cs1">Eng, Tan Twan (4 September 2012). <i>The Garden of Evening Mists</i>. <a href="/wiki/Hachette_Books" title="Hachette Books">Hachette Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1602861800" title="Special:BookSources/978-1602861800"><bdi>978-1602861800</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Garden+of+Evening+Mists&rft.pub=Hachette+Books&rft.date=2012-09-04&rft.isbn=978-1602861800&rft.aulast=Eng&rft.aufirst=Tan+Twan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamashita%27s+gold" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mugentoyugen.cocolog-nifty.com/blog/2009/06/post-aa12.html">天皇の金塊(１)世界大戦の戦費は日本が賄った？ (Emperor's Gold Nugget (1) Did Japan cover the cost of World War II?), (in Japanese) June 1, 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mugentoyugen.cocolog-nifty.com/blog/2009/06/post-8a46.html">天皇の金塊(２)ゴールデン・リリーと霞ヶ関埋蔵金 (Emperor's Gold Nugget (2) Golden Lily and Kasumigaseki Reserve), (in Japanese) June 2, 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mugentoyugen.cocolog-nifty.com/blog/2009/06/post-e2ab.html">天皇の金塊(３)金塊秘匿の地下サイト (Emperor's Gold Nugget (3) Underground site of gold nugget concealment), (in Japanese) June 3, 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mugentoyugen.cocolog-nifty.com/blog/2009/06/post-9ee7.html">天皇の金塊(４)トレジャーハンターとマルコス裁判 (Emperor's Gold Nugget (4) Treasure Hunter and Marcos Trial), (in Japanese) June 4, 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mugentoyugen.cocolog-nifty.com/photos/uncategorized/2009/06/28/2.jpg">国際金融の論が (Diagram of International Finance) (in Japanese)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mugentoyugen.cocolog-nifty.com/blog/2009/06/post-bbde.html">天皇の金塊(５)…「金の百合」と国際金融相関図 (Emperor's Gold Nugget (5) ... "Golden Yuri" and International Financial Correlation Chart), (in Japanese) June 30, 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mugentoyugen.cocolog-nifty.com/blog/2009/07/post-c3d6.html">天皇の金塊(６)…「金の百合」とゴールド･カルテル (Emperor's Gold Nugget (6) ... "Golden Yuri" and Gold Cartel), (in Japanese) July 1, 2009</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Related to Roxas v. Marcos</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uniset.ca/other/cs6/969P2d1209.html">"Supreme Court of Hawaii, Roxas v. Marcos, November 17, 1998"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/460m-war-booty-ruling-marcos-article-1.724023">"New York Daily News, 460m War Booty Ruling vs. Marcos, March 25, 1996"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190430205610/https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/460m-war-booty-ruling-marcos-article-1.724023">Archived</a> April 30, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.starbulletin.com/1998/11/19/editorial/editorials.html">"Honolulu Star-Bulletin, November 19, 1998"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://starbulletin.com/2000/02/29/news/story3.html">"Honolulu Star-Bulletin, Lawyers Debate Value of Stolen Gold, February 29, 2000"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050208200459/http://starbulletin.com/2000/02/29/news/story3.html">Archived</a> February 8, 2005, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metnews.com/articles/phil110102.htm">"Metropolitan News-Enterprise, Court Blocks Bid By Marcos Creditors To Collect From US Account, November 1, 2002"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=news05_jan28_2006">"Manila Standard Today, Marcos Victims Dying To Get Paid, January 28, 2006"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606100551/http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=news05_jan28_2006">Archived</a> June 6, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usdoj.gov/osg/briefs/2007/2pet/6invit/2006-1039.pet.ami.inv.pdf">"US Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Estate of Roxas v. Pimentel, Brief For The United States As Amicus Curiae, October 2007"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20070615202018/http://osg.gov.ph/default.asp?id=40&ACT=5&content=90&mnu=40">"Office of Solicitor General, Republic of the Philippines, US Gov't Supports Philippines in the Arelma Case"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legal.rights.com/F.3d/464/464.F3d.885.04-16538.04-16503.html">"United States Court of Appeals, 464 F.3d 885, Merrill Lynch v. ENC Corp., September 12, 2006"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615103318/http://hawaii.gov/jud/opinions/sct/2005/24605sdo.htm">"Supreme Court of Hawaii, Roxas v. Marcos, November 29, 2005"</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/List_of_urban_legends" title="List of urban legends">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/27_Club" title="27 Club">27 Club</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_lighter_myth" class="mw-redirect" title="White lighter myth">White lighter curse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_clown_sightings" title="2016 clown sightings">2016 clown sightings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Baby-Roast" title="The Baby-Roast">The Baby-Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_babysitter_and_the_man_upstairs" title="The babysitter and the man upstairs">The babysitter and the man upstairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Backrooms" title="The Backrooms">The Backrooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_Triangle" title="Bermuda Triangle">Bermuda Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Mary_(folklore)" title="Bloody Mary (folklore)">Bloody Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candle_Cove" title="Candle Cove">Candle Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Coghlan_(actor,_born_1842)#Death" title="Charles Coghlan (actor, born 1842)">Coghlan's coffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cow_tipping" title="Cow tipping">Cow tipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Side_of_the_Rainbow" title="The Dark Side of the Rainbow">The Dark Side of the Rainbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fare" title="John Fare">John 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Spooklight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayopa" title="Tayopa">Tayopa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Tower" title="Frank Tower">Frank Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanishing_hitchhiker" title="Vanishing hitchhiker">Vanishing hitchhiker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angikuni_Lake#Legend_of_the_vanishing_village" title="Angikuni Lake">Angikuni's disappeared Inuit village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Island_mystery" title="Oak Island mystery">Oak Island money pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screaming_Tunnel" title="Screaming Tunnel">Screaming Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_light" title="St. Louis light">St. Louis light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis_Lake_Monster" title="Thetis Lake Monster">Thetis Lake Monster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th 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title="Brown Mountain lights">Brown Mountain lights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunny_Man" title="Bunny Man">Bunny Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Robinson_(Green_Man)" title="Raymond Robinson (Green Man)">Charlie No-Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Vault" title="Chase Vault">Chase Vault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_House" title="Chimera House">Chimera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choking_Doberman" title="Choking Doberman">Choking Doberman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Cox_myth" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodney Cox myth">Rodney Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Fentz" title="Rudolph Fentz">Rudolph Fentz</a></li> <li>Goatmen <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Alton_Bridge" title="Old Alton Bridge">Goatman's Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goatman_(urban_legend)" title="Goatman (urban legend)">Maryland's Goatman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Lick_Monster" title="Pope Lick Monster">Pope Lick Monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Worth_Monster" title="Lake Worth Monster">Lake Worth Monster</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hands_Resist_Him" title="The Hands Resist Him">The Hands Resist Him</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haunchyville" title="Haunchyville">Haunchyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JATO_Rocket_Car" title="JATO Rocket Car">JATO Rocket Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay%27s_Cross" title="Kay's Cross">Kay's Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_curse" title="Kennedy curse">Kennedy curse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln%E2%80%93Kennedy_coincidences_urban_legend" title="Lincoln–Kennedy coincidences urban legend">Lincoln–Kennedy coincidences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Dutchman%27s_Gold_Mine" title="Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine">Lost Dutchman's Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melon_heads" title="Melon heads">Melon heads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel%27s_Hole" title="Mel's Hole">Mel's Hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midgetville" title="Midgetville">Midgetville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_Doctors" title="Night Doctors">Night Doctors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_social_workers" title="Phantom social workers">Phantom social workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Experiment" title="Philadelphia Experiment">Philadelphia Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poisoned_candy_myths" title="Poisoned candy myths">Poisoned candy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polybius_(urban_legend)" title="Polybius (urban legend)">Polybius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvis_sightings" title="Elvis sightings">Sightings of Elvis Presley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Vampire" title="Richmond Vampire">Richmond Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Opus" title="Ronald Opus">Ronald Opus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Gates_of_Hell" title="Seven Gates of Hell">Seven Gates of Hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewer_alligator" title="Sewer alligator">Sewer alligators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slender_Man" title="Slender Man">Slender Man</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slender_Man_stabbing" title="Slender Man stabbing">2014 stabbing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourist_guy" title="Tourist guy">Tourist guy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Continental and<br />mainland Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonel_Tomb" title="Colonel Tomb">Colonel Tomb</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nale_Ba" title="Nale Ba">Nale Ba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ourang_Medan" title="Ourang Medan">SS <i>Ourang Medan</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orang_Minyak" title="Orang Minyak">Orang Minyak</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">India</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_rope_trick" title="Indian rope trick">Indian rope trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey-man_of_Delhi" title="Monkey-man of Delhi">Monkey-man of Delhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_urban_legends" title="Japanese urban legends">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curse_of_the_Colonel" title="Curse of the Colonel">Curse of the Colonel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aka_Manto" title="Aka Manto"><i>Aka Manto</i> ("Red Cape")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanako-san" title="Hanako-san">Hanako-san of the Toilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headless_Rider_urban_legend" title="Headless Rider urban legend">Headless Rider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inunaki_Village" title="Inunaki Village">Inunaki Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Zegrus" title="John Zegrus">John Zegrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisaragi_Station" title="Kisaragi Station">Kisaragi Station</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kokkuri" title="Kokkuri">Kokkuri</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchisake-onna" title="Kuchisake-onna"><i>Kuchisake-onna</i> ("Slit-Mouthed Woman")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunekune_(urban_legend)" title="Kunekune (urban legend)"><i>Kunekune</i> ("Wriggling Body")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavender_Town" title="Lavender Town">Lavender Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Room_Curse" title="Red Room Curse">Red Room Curse</a></li> <li>'<a href="/wiki/Sony_timer" title="Sony timer">Sony timer</a>'</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Teke_Teke" title="Teke Teke">Teke Teke</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philippines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biringan" title="Biringan">Biringan City</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yamashita's gold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Continental<br />Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/And_yet_it_moves" title="And yet it moves">And yet it moves</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Volga" title="Black Volga">Black Volga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_of_Kyiv" title="Ghost of Kyiv">Ghost of Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herobrine" title="Herobrine">Herobrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Koukidis" title="Konstantinos Koukidis">Konstantinos Koukidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Loyon" title="Le Loyon">Le Loyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9r%C3%A1k,_the_Spring_Man_of_Prague" title="Pérák, the Spring Man of Prague">Pérák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_mercury" title="Red mercury">Red mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Silver_Train_of_Stockholm" title="The Silver Train of Stockholm">Silverpilen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/This_Man" title="This Man">This Man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angels_of_Mons" title="Angels of Mons">Angels of Mons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanishing_Hotel_Room" title="Vanishing Hotel Room">Vanishing Hotel Room</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Corpse_Factory" title="German Corpse Factory">German Corpse Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampshades_made_from_human_skin" title="Lampshades made from human skin">Lampshades made from human skin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soap_made_from_human_corpses" title="Soap made from human corpses">Soap made from human corpses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_gunner_of_Flesqui%C3%A8res" title="Lone gunner of Flesquières">Lone gunner of Flesquières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_UFOs" title="Nazi UFOs">Nazi UFOs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kraina_Grzyb%C3%B3w_TV" title="Kraina Grzybów TV">Kraina Grzybów TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_gold_train" title="Nazi gold train">Nazi gold train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zegrze_Reservoir_Monster" title="Zegrze Reservoir Monster">Zegrze Reservoir Monster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soviet Union/Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legends_of_Catherine_the_Great" title="Legends of Catherine the Great">Legends of Catherine the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenin_was_a_mushroom" title="Lenin was a mushroom">Lenin was a mushroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(alligator)" title="Saturn (alligator)">Hitler's pet alligator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_to_Hell" title="Well to Hell">Well to Hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Tights" title="White Tights">White Tights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castilian_lisp" class="mw-redirect" title="Castilian lisp">Castilian lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacamantecas" title="Sacamantecas">Sacamantecas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Compa%C3%B1a" title="Santa Compaña">Santa Compaña</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/999_phone_charging_myth" title="999 phone charging myth">999 phone charging myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_Train" title="Baby Train">Baby Train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_dog_(folklore)" title="Black dog (folklore)">Black dog</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Crying_Boy" title="The Crying Boy">The Crying Boy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Side_of_the_Rainbow" title="The Dark Side of the Rainbow">The Dark Side of the Rainbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Friday" title="HMS Friday">HMS <i>Friday</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_social_workers" title="Phantom social workers">Phantom social workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spider_Bite" title="The Spider Bite">The Spider Bite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_steam_reserve" title="Strategic steam reserve">Strategic steam reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legends_and_myths_regarding_the_Titanic" title="Legends and myths regarding the Titanic">RMS <i>Titanic</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_big_cats" title="British big cats">British big cats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge_legends" title="University of Cambridge legends">University of Cambridge legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon_Cat_Killer" title="Croydon Cat Killer">Croydon Cat Killer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_(dog)" title="Diamond (dog)">Isaac Newton's dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drake%27s_Drum" title="Drake's Drum">Drake's Drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Pusher" title="Manchester Pusher">Manchester Pusher</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Man_Proposes,_God_Disposes" title="Man Proposes, God Disposes">Man Proposes, God Disposes</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend_of_the_Mistletoe_Bough" title="Legend of the Mistletoe Bough">Mistletoe bough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_is_dead" title="Paul is dead">Paul is dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ratman_of_Southend" title="The Ratman of Southend">Ratman of Southend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring-heeled_Jack" title="Spring-heeled Jack">Spring-heeled Jack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweeney_Todd" title="Sweeney Todd">Sweeney Todd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elephants%27_graveyard" title="Elephants' graveyard">Elephants' graveyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guegue_(siren)" title="Guegue (siren)">Guegue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madam_Koi_Koi" title="Madam Koi Koi">Madam Koi Koi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bass_Strait_Triangle" title="Bass Strait Triangle">Bass Strait Triangle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baby_Train" title="Baby Train">Baby Train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disappearance_of_Harold_Holt" title="Disappearance of Harold Holt">Harold Holt disappearance rumours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_and_Fauna_Act_myth" title="Flora and Fauna Act myth">Flora and Fauna Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahogany_Ship" title="Mahogany Ship">Mahogany Ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poinciana_Woman" title="Poinciana Woman">Poinciana Woman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Panther" title="Canterbury Panther">Canterbury Panther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyall%27s_wren" title="Lyall's wren">Lyall's wren extinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moa#Extinction" title="Moa">Moa sightings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waitoreke" title="Waitoreke">Waitoreke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Bartley" title="James Bartley">James Bartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_of_Lima" title="Treasure of Lima">Treasure of Lima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topic articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creepypasta" title="Creepypasta">Creepypastas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legends_and_myths_regarding_the_Titanic" title="Legends and myths regarding the Titanic">Legends and myths regarding the Titanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s_urban_legends" title="McDonald's urban legends">McDonald's urban legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_travel_claims_and_urban_legends" title="Time travel claims and urban legends">Time travel claims and urban legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_legends_about_drugs" title="Urban legends about drugs">Urban legends about drugs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theorists<br />and analysis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Harold_Brunvand" title="Jan Harold Brunvand">Jan Harold Brunvand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoax_Slayer" title="Hoax Slayer">Hoax Slayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_D%C3%A9gh" title="Linda Dégh">Linda Dégh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Alan_Fine" title="Gary Alan Fine">Gary Alan Fine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Turner" title="Patricia Turner">Patricia Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snopes" title="Snopes">Snopes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Beyond_Belief:_Fact_or_Fiction" title="Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction">Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MythBusters" title="MythBusters">MythBusters</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Urban_Legends_(TV_series)" title="Urban Legends (TV series)">Urban Legends</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Channel_Zero_(TV_series)" title="Channel Zero (TV series)">Channel Zero</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9MOTHER9HORSE9EYES9" title="9MOTHER9HORSE9EYES9">_9MOTHER9HORSE9EYES9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candyman_(film_series)" title="Candyman (film series)"><i>Candyman</i> franchise</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Through_Road_(web_series)" title="No Through Road (web series)">No Through Road</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Petscop" title="Petscop">Petscop</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCP_Foundation" title="SCP Foundation">SCP Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Legend_(film_series)" title="Urban Legend (film series)"><i>Urban Legend</i> (film series)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_creepypastas" title="List of creepypastas">List of creepypastas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cryptids" title="List of cryptids">List of cryptids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_species" title="Lists of fictional species">Lists of fictional species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_legendary_creatures" title="Lists of legendary creatures">Lists of legendary creatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gold_standard" title="Category:Gold standard">Gold standard</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Japanese_urban_legends" title="Category:Japanese urban legends">Japanese urban legends</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Japan%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Category:Japan–Philippines relations">Japan–Philippines relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aftermath_of_World_War_II_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Aftermath of World War II in the Philippines">Aftermath of World War II in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Philippines%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Category:Philippines–United States relations">Philippines–United States relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Treasure_troves_of_Asia" title="Category:Treasure troves of Asia">Treasure troves of Asia</a></li><li><a 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