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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of fish</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Golden perch </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden_perch.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Golden_perch.JPG/220px-Golden_perch.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Golden_perch.JPG/330px-Golden_perch.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Golden_perch.JPG/440px-Golden_perch.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">A large, stocked, female golden perch caught from an impoundment: The fishing lure is still in its mouth. </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Least_Concern" class="mw-redirect" title="Least Concern">Least Concern</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Macquaria" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Actinopterygii" title="Actinopterygii">Actinopterygii</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centrarchiformes" title="Centrarchiformes">Centrarchiformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Temperate_perch" title="Temperate perch">Percichthyidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Macquaria" title="Macquaria"><i>Macquaria</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>M. ambigua</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Macquaria ambigua</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(naturalist)" title="John Richardson (naturalist)">J. Richardson</a>, 1845)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-Fishbase_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fishbase-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Datnia ambigua</i> <small>J. Richardson, 1845</small></li> <li><i>Plectroplites ambiguus</i> <small>(J. Richardson, 1845)</small></li> <li><i>Ctenolates macquariensis</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Albert_G%C3%BCnther" title="Albert Günther">Günther</a>, 1871</small></li> <li><i>Dules auratus</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Francis_de_Laporte_de_Castelnau" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis de Laporte de Castelnau">Castelnau</a>, 1872</small></li> <li><i>Dules flavescens</i> <small>Castelnau, 1875</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>golden perch</b> (<i><b>Macquaria ambigua</b></i>) is a medium-sized, yellow or gold-coloured species of <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a> <a href="/wiki/Freshwater_fish" title="Freshwater fish">freshwater fish</a> found primarily in the <a href="/wiki/Murray-Darling_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Murray-Darling Basin">Murray-Darling River system</a>, though a <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a> is found in the <a href="/wiki/Lake_Eyre" title="Lake Eyre">Lake Eyre</a>-<a href="/wiki/Cooper_Creek" title="Cooper Creek">Cooper Creek</a> system, and another subspecies, suspected to be ancestral to all other populations, is found in the <a href="/wiki/Fitzroy_River_(Queensland)" title="Fitzroy River (Queensland)">Fitzroy River</a> system in <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other common names for golden perch are "<b>goldens</b>", “<b>yellowbelly</b>” and "<b>callop</b>", the last generally used only in <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>. </p><p>Golden perch are not a true <a href="/wiki/Perch" title="Perch">perch</a>, which belongs to the genus <i>Perca</i> from the <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> <a href="/wiki/Percidae" title="Percidae">Percidae</a>, but a member of the <a href="/wiki/Percichthyidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Percichthyidae">Percichthyidae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Temperate_perch" title="Temperate perch">temperate perch</a>) family. This relatively widespread and widely <a href="/wiki/Fish_stocking" title="Fish stocking">stocked</a> species is an important <a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">angling</a> <a href="/wiki/Sport_fish" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport fish">sport fish</a> in Australia. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Golden perch are medium-sized fish, commonly 30–40 cm and 1–2 kg in rivers. Fish from rivers are smaller and somewhat streamlined — fish in man-made impoundments are much deeper-bodied and show much greater average and maximum sizes. In rivers, has been recorded to 9 kg, in impoundments to 15 kg. A 24-kg fish caught from Kow Swamp, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a> in the early 1900s, and labelled and sold as a "Murray perch", is often referred to as the largest recorded golden perch, but this record is doubtful — this record grossly exceeds all other size records for golden perch, and the specimen in question is far more likely to have been a <a href="/wiki/Murray_cod" title="Murray cod">Murray cod</a> (<i>Maccullochella peelii</i>), which grow to far larger sizes than golden perch. </p><p>Golden perch have an elongated, deep but laterally compressed body, with a sizeable mouth, small to moderate-sized eyes, a distinct curve to the forehead, and a distinct "hump" above the head. The <a href="/wiki/Operculum_(fish)" title="Operculum (fish)">opercula</a> or gill covers possess a small, flat spine sharp enough to cut unwary fishermen's fingers. The <a href="/wiki/Caudal_fin" class="mw-redirect" title="Caudal fin">caudal fin</a>, soft <a href="/wiki/Dorsal_fin" title="Dorsal fin">dorsal fin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anal_fin" class="mw-redirect" title="Anal fin">anal fin</a> are rounded. The spiny dorsal fin is short to moderate in length and strong. Golden perch vary from in colour from pale silvery-gold (turbid waters) to deep yellow/gold or bronze-black (very clear waters). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden_perch_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Golden_perch_2.JPG/220px-Golden_perch_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Golden_perch_2.JPG/330px-Golden_perch_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Golden_perch_2.JPG/440px-Golden_perch_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>A wild golden perch from an upland river: Note the much leaner, slimmer shape of wild specimens and the intense golden colouration.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The genus name <i>Macquaria</i> derives from the <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_River" title="Macquarie River">Macquarie River</a>, where the first species in the genus, the <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_perch" title="Macquarie perch">Macquarie perch</a> (<i>M. australasica</i>), was collected. However, the genus name <i>Macquaria</i> was applied to golden perch much later. The naturalist Richardson actually named golden perch <i>Datnia ambigua</i> and applied the specific name <i>ambigua</i> (Latin for "doubtful") to the species because, as he states in his species description, he could not decide in which of two genera to place it, <i>Dules</i> (now <i><a href="/wiki/Kuhlia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuhlia">Kuhlia</a></i> species) or <i>Datnia</i> (now various <a href="/wiki/Terapontidae" title="Terapontidae">Terapontidae</a> species): </p> <dl><dd><small>“I have had much doubt as to whether this fish should be placed in the genus <i>Dules</i>, or <i>Datnia</i>. It agrees with the group of <i>Dules</i> that has two opercular points, in the number of dorsal rays, and in the presence of palatine teeth, but in general habit it is more like <i>Datnia</i>, strongly resembling it in the strength of its dorsal and anal spines, and in the number of rays in the anal. The only two specimens [8.5 and 14 inches standard length] I had the opportunity of examining are dried, and are both mutilated in the caudal fin, so that I am unable to describe the form of that member, and can give no anatomical details.”</small></dd></dl> <p>This choice of specific name was unwittingly appropriate. Golden perch are neither a khulid nor a terapontid, and Richardson also erroneously stated the golden perch's habitat was "<a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a>", when in fact the species is not found in that state. (This error was corrected, presumably by Richardson himself, in at least one reprint of the publication in question.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Range">Range</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Range"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Golden perch are native primarily to lowland reaches of the <a href="/wiki/Murray_River" title="Murray River">Murray</a>–<a href="/wiki/Darling_River" title="Darling River">Darling</a> River system, but also extend far into slope habitats and occasionally even lower upland reaches. In the Murray–Darling system golden perch are often found in <a href="/wiki/Sympatry" title="Sympatry">sympatry</a> with <a href="/wiki/Murray_cod" title="Murray cod">Murray cod</a>. </p><p>The <i>Macquaria</i> perches, of which golden perch are one, continue the trend present in Murray–Darling native fish genera of diversification into more generalist <a href="/wiki/Lowland_(freshwater_ecology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowland (freshwater ecology)">lowland</a> species and more specialist <a href="/wiki/Upland_(freshwater_ecology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Upland (freshwater ecology)">upland</a> species. Golden perch, <i>M. ambigua</i>, represent the lowland species, while the closely related Macquarie perch, <i>M. australasica</i>, is the more specialised upland species which used to inhabit the upland reaches of the southern Murray–Darling basin, although this endangered species has now been almost wholly displaced by introduced trout species, dams, and associated effects such as cold-water pollution, and habitat degradation/modification. </p><p>Like many Murray–Darling native fish, golden perch have crossed river catchments through natural river capture/connection events. Golden perch are found naturally in the <a href="/wiki/Fitzroy_River_(Queensland)" title="Fitzroy River (Queensland)">Fitzroy–Dawson River</a> in central <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a> and the internal <a href="/wiki/Lake_Eyre" title="Lake Eyre">Lake Eyre</a>–<a href="/wiki/Cooper_Creek" title="Cooper Creek">Cooper Creek</a> drainage system of <a href="/wiki/Central_Australia" title="Central Australia">Central Australia</a>. The fish has also been successfully introduced to other river systems in the Northern Territory, Queensland, and New South Wales, confusing studies of the natural range.<sup id="cite_ref-fishes_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fishes-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Introductions into Western Australia have been unsuccessful. </p><p>Both of these separate populations are at least <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a>, possibly separate species, due to isolation from Murray–Darling populations, genetic drift, and natural selection. The taxonomy of golden perch has not been updated to reflect this, although the term <i>Macquaria ambigua oriens</i>, denoting subspecies status, has recently appeared in literature discussing the Fitzroy–Dawson population. Some research<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> indicates the Fitzroy River population is the ancestral golden perch population. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reproduction_and_biology">Reproduction and biology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reproduction and biology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the Murray River, wild male golden perch generally reach sexual maturity at 3 years of age and 32.5 cm in length, and wild female golden perch at 4 years of age and 40 cm in length.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter fact is a concern given that minimum size limits for the species are currently less than 40 cm, at 30 cm. </p><p>Originally, temperatures close to 24 °C were considered necessary for golden perch to spawn,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but as with all Murray-Darling fish species, multiple field studies have shown that their "required" spawning temperature is flexible and that they can and do spawn at lower temperatures.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Barmah Forests region of the Murray River, for instance, fertilised drifting golden perch eggs have been netted in water temperatures as low as 16.9 degrees Celsius (full range 16.9 to 24.7 degrees).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Golden perch have a flexible breeding strategy but generally (but not always) require a spring or summer flood or "fresh" (temporary, within-channel increase in flow) to stimulate spawning. Like some other primarily lowland native fish species of the Murray–Darling river system, these floods or freshes appear to be necessary for good survival and recruitment of spawned fish. Very small freshes appear to be sufficient for some spawning and recruitment, however. </p><p>Golden perch are highly fecund; females between 2.2 and 2.4 kg produce about half a million eggs per spawning event, with fish above 2.5 kg producing well in excess of this number.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The eggs are generally <a href="/wiki/Plankton" title="Plankton">planktonic</a>, and hatch fairly quickly (24 to 36 hours).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like other <i>Macquaria</i> species, <a href="/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism" title="Sexual dimorphism">sexual dimorphism</a> is present, with females reaching much larger maximum sizes than males. Females also reach sexual maturity at older ages and larger sizes than males. </p><p>Very long migrations are part of the golden perch's ecology, particularly preceding spawning. Adult fish have been recorded migrating well over 1,000 km when flood conditions allow passage over weirs and other man-made obstructions.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smaller migrations are important in the ecology and dispersal of juvenile fish.<sup id="cite_ref-Mallen-Cooper_&_Stuart,_2003_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mallen-Cooper_&_Stuart,_2003-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The evidence suggests that before European settlement, huge shoals of golden perch roamed the entire lowland and slope reaches of the vast Murray-Darling River system, unimpeded. Thus, the gradual loss of fish passage through the numerous dams, weirs, locks, and other barriers (estimated at 4,000 in the Murray-Darling system<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) now present has had severe impacts on the species. Some major weirs have been remediated to provide fish passage, however. </p><p>Golden perch have unusually broad temperature limits, from 4 to 37 °C, and unusually high salinity limits for a freshwater fish, up to 33 parts per thousand.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Golden perch continue the trend, among many native fish of southeast Australia, of being very long-lived. Longevity is a survival strategy in the often challenging Australian environment which ensures that most adults participate in at least one exceptional spawning and recruitment event. These events are often linked to unusually wet <i><a href="/wiki/La_Ni%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="La Niña">La Niña</a></i> years and may only occur every one or two decades. Maximum recorded age is 26 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Mallen-Cooper_&_Stuart,_2003_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mallen-Cooper_&_Stuart,_2003-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diet">Diet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Diet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adult golden perch are <a href="/wiki/Carnivores" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnivores">carnivores</a>, feeding on smaller fish and macrocrustaceans,<sup id="cite_ref-fishes_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fishes-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/Cherax" title="Cherax">yabbies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shrimp" title="Shrimp">shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frog" title="Frog">frogs</a>, small fish, and aquatic <a href="/wiki/Invertebrate" title="Invertebrate">invertebrates</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Angling">Angling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Angling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Generally a very good angling species (though renowned for being "moody"), golden perch are fished throughout their range. Baits include small yabbies and shrimp, as well as various types of deeper-running lures. Recreational harvest of the species is suspected to be significant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation">Conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wild populations have declined significantly, and a number of populations lost in upper reaches of rivers, due to dams and weirs blocking migration, mitigating floods and freshes, regulating flows, and releasing unnaturally cold water ("thermal pollution"), all of which interfere with migration, spawning, and recruitment. They are listed under the Victorian <a href="/wiki/Flora_and_Fauna_Guarantee_Act_1988" title="Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988">Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988</a> and classified as "Vulnerable" for management purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-fishes_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fishes-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Golden perch are extremely migratory and migration appears to have been important in maintaining populations over the length of rivers, particularly the upper reaches. </p><p>Weirs are proving to be a more significant threat to golden perch than first thought, with a 2006 study showing that about 90% of golden perch larvae passing through undershot weirs are killed.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The species is bred in hatcheries, though, in large numbers, and stocked. Concerns over genetic diversity issues are growing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLintermans,_M.Kerezsy,_A.2019" class="citation journal cs1">Lintermans, M.; Kerezsy, A. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/123358536/123382796">"<i>Macquaria ambigua</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a></i>. <b>2019</b>: e.T123358536A123382796. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T123358536A123382796.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T123358536A123382796.en</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&rft.atitle=Macquaria+ambigua&rft.volume=2019&rft.pages=e.T123358536A123382796&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T123358536A123382796.en&rft.au=Lintermans%2C+M.&rft.au=Kerezsy%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F123358536%2F123382796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+perch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fishbase-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fishbase_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFroesePauly2019" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" title="Rainer Froese">Froese, Rainer</a>; Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?genusname=Macquaria&speciesname=ambigua+month+december">"<i>Macquaria ambigua month+december</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FishBase&rft.atitle=Macquaria+ambigua+month%2Bdecember&rft.date=2019&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishbase.org%2Fsummary%2FSpeciesSummary.php%3Fgenusname%3DMacquaria%26speciesname%3Dambigua%2Bmonth%2Bdecember&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+perch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=27042">"Species profile—Macquaria ambigua (golden perch)"</a>. <i>Species information</i>. Queensland Government<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Species+information&rft.atitle=Species+profile%E2%80%94Macquaria+ambigua+%28golden+perch%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.des.qld.gov.au%2Fspecies-search%2Fdetails%2F%3Fid%3D27042&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+perch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fishes-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fishes_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fishes_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fishes_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrayThompson" class="citation web cs1">Bray, Dianne; Thompson, Vanessa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022162919/http://www.fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/4656">"Golden Perch, Macquaria ambigua"</a>. <i>Fishes of Australia</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/4656">the original</a> on 22 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fishes+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Golden+Perch%2C+Macquaria+ambigua&rft.aulast=Bray&rft.aufirst=Dianne&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Vanessa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishesofaustralia.net.au%2Fhome%2Fspecies%2F4656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+perch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulks LK, Gilligan DM and Beheregaray LB (2010). Clarifying an ambiguous evolutionary history: range-wide phylogeography of an Australian freshwater fish, the golden perch (<i>Macquaria ambigua</i>). Journal of Biogeography. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02304.x</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mallen-Cooper, M. and I. G. Stuart (2003). Age, growth and non-flood recruitment of two potamodromous fishes in a large semi-arid/temperate river system. <i>River Research and Applications</i> <b>19:</b> 697–719.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Lake, 1967)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Koehn & Harrington, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">King et al., 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoehn_&_O'Connor1990" class="citation book cs1">Koehn & O'Connor (1990). <i>Biological Information for Management of Freshwater Fish in Victoria</i>. Melbourne: Department of Conservation & Environment. p. 72. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7306-0590-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7306-0590-6"><bdi>0-7306-0590-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biological+Information+for+Management+of+Freshwater+Fish+in+Victoria&rft.place=Melbourne&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=Department+of+Conservation+%26+Environment&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-7306-0590-6&rft.au=Koehn+%26+O%27Connor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+perch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lake, 1967; Rowland, 1996</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reynolds LM (1983). Migration patterns of five fish species in the Murray-Darling River system. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 34: 857–871.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mallen-Cooper_&_Stuart,_2003-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mallen-Cooper_&_Stuart,_2003_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mallen-Cooper_&_Stuart,_2003_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mallen-Cooper & Stuart, 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lintermans M (2007). Fishes of the Murray-Darling Basin: An introductory guide. Murray-Darling Basin Commission, Canberra.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Merrick JR & Schmida GE (1984). Australian Freshwater Fishes: Biology and Management. J. Merrick, North Ryde, New South Wales.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McDowall RM (ed.) (1996). Freshwater Fishes of South-eastern Australia. Second Edition. Reed Books, Sydney.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baumgartner, L.J., Reynoldson, N. and Gilligan, D.M. (2006). Mortality of larval Murray cod (<i>Maccullochella peelii peelii</i>) and golden perch (<i>Macquaria ambigua</i>) associated with passage through two types of low-head weirs. <i>Marine and Freshwater Research</i> <b>57:</b> 187–191</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFroesePauly" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" title="Rainer Froese">Froese, Rainer</a>; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?genusname=Macquaria&speciesname=ambigua">"<i>Macquaria ambigua</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a></i>. 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Inducement to spawning. <i>Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research</i> <b>18:</b> 137–153.</li> <li>Lintermans M (2007). <i>Fishes of the Murray-Darling Basin: An introductory guide</i>. Murray-Darling Basin Commission, Canberra.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=641895">"Macquaria ambigua"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">Integrated Taxonomic Information System</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Development of techniques for the large-scale rearing of the larvae of the Australian freshwater fish golden perch, <i>Macquaria ambigua</i> (Richardson, 1845). <i>Marine and Freshwater Research</i> <b>47:</b> 233–242.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nativefish.asn.au/home/page/Golden-Perch">Native Fish Australia - golden perch page</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Macquaria ambigua</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783248" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q783248">Q783248</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Macquaria_ambigua">Macquaria_ambigua</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=11143">11143</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/3X24T">3X24T</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/211386">211386</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fishbase.ca/summary/10312">10312</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5209327">5209327</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/513703">513703</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11215378">11215378</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=641895">641895</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/123358536">123358536</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=135764">135764</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=538635">538635</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1020364">1020364</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&oldid=1258103089">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Golden_perch&oldid=1258103089</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:IUCN_Red_List_least_concern_species" title="Category:IUCN Red List least concern species">IUCN Red List least concern species</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Macquaria" 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