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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mating" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mating"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Mating</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mating-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Species" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Species"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Species</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Species-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Species subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Species-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Decapods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decapods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Decapods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decapods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-decapods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-decapods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Non-decapods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-decapods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Human uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Human_uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Human uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Human_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial_species" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_species"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Commercial species</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial_species-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Fishing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Farming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Farming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Farming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Farming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_food" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_food"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>As food</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_food-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aquaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aquaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Aquaria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aquaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shrimp_versus_prawn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shrimp_versus_prawn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span><i>Shrimp</i> versus <i>prawn</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shrimp_versus_prawn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fossils" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fossils"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Fossils</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fossils-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shrimp</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udeu%C3%ABng" title="Udeuëng – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Udeuëng" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="جمبري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمبري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF" title="চিংড়ি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চিংড়ি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevr" title="Chevr – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Chevr" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamba" title="Gamba – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gamba" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reje" title="Reje – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Reje" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnele" title="Garnele – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Garnele" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamba_(crust%C3%A1ceo)" title="Gamba (crustáceo) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gamba (crustáceo)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izkira" title="Izkira – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Izkira" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88" title="میگو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میگو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A6kja" title="Rækja – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Rækja" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crevette" title="Crevette – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Crevette" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9acla" title="Séacla – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Séacla" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamba_(crust%C3%A1ceo)" title="Gamba (crustáceo) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gamba (crustáceo)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%88%EC%9A%B0" title="새우 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="새우" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udang_(hewan)" title="Udang (hewan) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Udang (hewan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%E1%B8%B7agigak" title="Iḷagigak – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Iḷagigak" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urang_(k%C3%A9wan)" title="Urang (kéwan) – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Urang (kéwan)" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uduvi" title="Uduvi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uduvi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squillarum_genus" title="Squillarum genus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Squillarum genus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garn%C3%A9la" title="Garnéla – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Garnéla" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makamba" title="Makamba – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Makamba" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%93" title="エビ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エビ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A8rvette" title="Chèrvette – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Chèrvette" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambar%C3%B2ta" title="Cambaròta – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cambaròta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafos" title="Kafos – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Kafos" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camar%C3%A3o" title="Camarão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Camarão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crevete" title="Crevete – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Crevete" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kabus" title="kabus – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kabus" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A0mmaru_(marinu)" title="Gàmmaru (marinu) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gàmmaru (marinu)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrimp" title="Shrimp – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shrimp" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%88" title="مەیگوو – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مەیگوو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8" title="Шкампи – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шкампи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katkaravut" title="Katkaravut – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Katkaravut" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="சென்னாக்கூனி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சென்னாக்கூனி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="กุ้งฝอย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กุ้งฝอย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%BD%E1%8F%88" title="ᎽᏈ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎽᏈ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Het%C3%B3t%C3%B3hne" title="Hetótóhne – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Hetótóhne" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gungq" title="Gungq – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gungq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B4m" title="Tôm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tôm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurn%C3%A5te" title="Gurnåte – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Gurnåte" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Decapod crustaceans</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Shrimp (disambiguation)">Shrimp (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palaemon_serratus_Croazia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Palaemon_serratus_Croazia.jpg/300px-Palaemon_serratus_Croazia.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Palaemon_serratus_Croazia.jpg/450px-Palaemon_serratus_Croazia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Palaemon_serratus_Croazia.jpg/600px-Palaemon_serratus_Croazia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The shrimp <i><a href="/wiki/Palaemon_serratus" title="Palaemon serratus">Palaemon serratus</a></i> of the infraorder <a href="/wiki/Caridea" title="Caridea">Caridea</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>shrimp</b> (<abbr title="plural form">pl.</abbr>: shrimp (<a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>) or shrimps (<a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>)) is a <a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">crustacean</a> (a form of <a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a>) with an elongated body and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – typically belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Caridea" title="Caridea">Caridea</a> or <a href="/wiki/Dendrobranchiata" title="Dendrobranchiata">Dendrobranchiata</a> of the order <a href="/wiki/Decapoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Decapoda">Decapoda</a>, although some <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Non-decapods">crustaceans outside of this order</a> are also referred to as "shrimp". </p><p>More narrow definitions may be restricted to Caridea, to smaller species of either group or to only the marine species. Under a broader definition, <i>shrimp</i> may be synonymous with <a href="/wiki/Prawn" title="Prawn">prawn</a>, covering stalk-eyed swimming <a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">crustaceans</a> with long, narrow muscular tails (<a href="/wiki/Abdomen#Invertebrates" title="Abdomen">abdomens</a>), long whiskers (<a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a>), and slender legs.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Any small crustacean which resembles a shrimp tends to be called one.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They swim forward by paddling with <a href="/wiki/Swimmeret" class="mw-redirect" title="Swimmeret">swimmerets</a> on the underside of their abdomens, although their escape response is typically repeated flicks with the tail driving them backwards very quickly. <a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">Crabs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">lobsters</a> have strong walking legs, whereas shrimp have thin, fragile legs which they use primarily for perching.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shrimp are widespread and abundant. There are thousands of species adapted to a wide range of habitats. They can be found feeding near the seafloor on most coasts and estuaries, as well as in rivers and lakes. To escape predators, some species flip off the seafloor and dive into the sediment.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They usually live from one to seven years.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shrimp are often solitary, though they can form large <a href="/wiki/Shoaling_and_schooling" title="Shoaling and schooling">schools</a> during the spawning season.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gracia1996_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gracia1996-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They play important roles in the <a href="/wiki/Food_chain" title="Food chain">food chain</a> and are an important food source for larger animals ranging from <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> to <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">whales</a>. The muscular tails of many shrimp are edible to humans, and they are widely caught and farmed for human consumption. Commercial shrimp species support an industry worth 50 billion dollars a year,<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2010 the total commercial production of shrimp was nearly 7 million tonnes. Shrimp farming became more prevalent during the 1980s, particularly in China, and by 2007 the harvest from shrimp farms exceeded the capture of wild shrimp. There are significant issues with excessive <a href="/wiki/Bycatch" title="Bycatch">bycatch</a> when shrimp are captured in the wild, and with pollution damage done to <a href="/wiki/Estuaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Estuaries">estuaries</a> when they are used to support shrimp farming. </p><p>Many shrimp species are small as the term <i>shrimp</i> suggests, about 2 cm (0.79 in) long, but some shrimp exceed 25 cm (9.8 in). Larger shrimp are more likely to be targeted commercially and are often referred to as <i>prawns</i>, particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a> and former British colonies. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:300px; ;"> <div class="quotebox-title" style="">Shrimp and prawn</div> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <hr /> <p>From Raymond Bauer in <i>Remarkable Shrimps</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-Bauer_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Shrimp</i> is characteristically used to refer to those crustaceans with long antennae, slender legs, and a laterally compressed, muscular abdomen that is highly adapted for both forward swimming and a backward (retrograde) escape response.</li> <li><i>Prawn</i> is often used as a synonym of <i>shrimp</i> for <a href="/wiki/Penaeid_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Penaeid shrimp">penaeoidean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caridea" title="Caridea">caridean shrimp</a>, especially those of large size.</li></ul> <hr /> <p>From the English Oxford Dictionaries: </p> <ul><li>Shrimp: a small free-swimming crustacean with an elongated body, typically marine and frequently of commercial importance as food.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Prawn: a marine crustacean which resembles a large shrimp.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </blockquote> </div> <p>Shrimp are swimming <a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">crustaceans</a> with long narrow muscular <a href="/wiki/Abdomen#Invertebrates" title="Abdomen">abdomens</a> and long <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a>. Unlike crabs and lobsters, shrimp have well developed <a href="/wiki/Pleopod" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleopod">pleopods</a> (swimmerets) and slender walking legs; they are more adapted for swimming than walking. Historically, it was the distinction between walking and swimming that formed the primary taxonomic division into the former suborders <a href="/wiki/Natantia" title="Natantia">Natantia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reptantia" title="Reptantia">Reptantia</a>. Members of the Natantia (shrimp in the broader sense) were adapted for swimming while the Reptantia (crabs, lobsters, etc.) were adapted for crawling or walking.<sup id="cite_ref-Bauer1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some other groups also have common names that include the word "shrimp";<sup id="cite_ref-Bauer2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> any small swimming crustacean resembling a shrimp tends to be called one.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" width="460px">Differences between shrimp, lobsters and crabs </th></tr> <tr> <td width="30%"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shrimp.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shrimp"><img alt="Shrimp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Shrimp.svg/100px-Shrimp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Shrimp.svg/150px-Shrimp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Shrimp.svg/200px-Shrimp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="437" /></a></span>     <b>shrimp</b></div> </td> <td width="35%"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lobster_NSRW_rotated2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clawed lobster"><img alt="Clawed lobster" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Lobster_NSRW_rotated2.jpg/100px-Lobster_NSRW_rotated2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Lobster_NSRW_rotated2.jpg/150px-Lobster_NSRW_rotated2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Lobster_NSRW_rotated2.jpg/200px-Lobster_NSRW_rotated2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2679" data-file-height="1802" /></a></span>     <b>lobsters</b>     <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Panulirus_argus.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Spiny lobster"><img alt="Spiny lobster" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Panulirus_argus.png/100px-Panulirus_argus.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Panulirus_argus.png/150px-Panulirus_argus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Panulirus_argus.png/200px-Panulirus_argus.png 2x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></div> </td> <td width="35%"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mud_crab.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mud crab"><img alt="Mud crab" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Mud_crab.jpg/100px-Mud_crab.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Mud_crab.jpg/150px-Mud_crab.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Mud_crab.jpg/200px-Mud_crab.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1520" data-file-height="1045" /></a></span>     <b>crabs</b></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top">Shrimp are slender with long muscular abdomens. They look somewhat like small lobsters, but not like crabs. The <a href="/wiki/Abdomen#Invertebrates" title="Abdomen">abdomens</a> of crabs are small and short, whereas the abdomens of lobsters and shrimp are large and long. The lower abdomens of shrimp support pleopods which are well-adapted for swimming. The <a href="/wiki/Carapace" title="Carapace">carapaces</a> of crabs are wide and flat, whereas the carapaces of lobsters and shrimp are more cylindrical. The <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a> of crabs are short, whereas the antennae of lobsters and shrimp are usually long, reaching more than twice the body length in some shrimp species.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bauer2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RDecapods_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RDecapods-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Clawed_lobster" class="mw-redirect" title="Clawed lobster">Clawed lobsters</a> <i>(pictured left)</i> and <a href="/wiki/Spiny_lobster" title="Spiny lobster">spiny lobsters</a> <i>(pictured right)</i> are an intermediate evolutionary development between shrimp and crabs. They look somewhat like large versions of shrimp. Clawed lobsters have large claws while spiny lobsters do not, having instead spiny antennae and carapace. Some of the biggest decapods are lobsters. Like crabs, lobsters have robust legs and are highly adapted for walking on the seafloor, though they do not walk sideways. Some species have rudimentary pleopods, which give them some ability to swim, and like shrimp they can <a href="/wiki/Caridoid_escape_reaction" title="Caridoid escape reaction">lobster</a> with their tail to escape predators, but their primary mode of locomotion is walking, not swimming.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bauer2_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RDecapods_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RDecapods-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TeAra_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TeAra-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">Crabs</a> evolved from early shrimp, though they do not look like shrimp. Unlike shrimp, their <a href="/wiki/Abdomen#Invertebrates" title="Abdomen">abdomens</a> are small, and they have short <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a> and short <a href="/wiki/Carapace" title="Carapace">carapaces</a> that are wide and flat. They have prominent grasping <a href="/wiki/Chela_(organ)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chela (organ)">claws</a> as their front pair of limbs. Crabs are adapted for walking on the seafloor. They have robust legs and usually move about the seafloor by walking sideways. They have pleopods, but they use them as <a href="/wiki/Intromittent_organ" title="Intromittent organ">intromittent organs</a> or to hold egg broods, not for swimming. Whereas shrimp and lobsters escape predators by <a href="/wiki/Caridoid_escape_reaction" title="Caridoid escape reaction">lobstering</a>, crabs cling to the seafloor and burrow into sediment. Compared to shrimp and lobsters, the carapaces of crabs are particularly heavy, hard and <a href="/wiki/Mineralization_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineralization (biology)">mineralized</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bauer2_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RDecapods_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RDecapods-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Boßelmann_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boßelmann-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crangon_crangon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Crangon_crangon.png/260px-Crangon_crangon.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Crangon_crangon.png/390px-Crangon_crangon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Crangon_crangon.png/520px-Crangon_crangon.png 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="559" /></a><figcaption>External anatomy of the common European shrimp, <i><a href="/wiki/Crangon_crangon" title="Crangon crangon">Crangon crangon</a></i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caridoid_escape_reaction.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Caridoid_escape_reaction.gif/220px-Caridoid_escape_reaction.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Caridoid_escape_reaction.gif/330px-Caridoid_escape_reaction.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Caridoid_escape_reaction.gif/440px-Caridoid_escape_reaction.gif 2x" data-file-width="549" data-file-height="306" /></a><figcaption>Shrimp can dart backwards by <a href="/wiki/Caridoid_escape_reaction" title="Caridoid escape reaction">lobstering</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The following description refers mainly to the external anatomy of the common European shrimp, <i><a href="/wiki/Crangon_crangon" title="Crangon crangon">Crangon crangon</a></i>, as a typical example of a decapod shrimp. The body of the shrimp is divided into two main parts: the head and thorax which are fused together to form the <a href="/wiki/Cephalothorax" title="Cephalothorax">cephalothorax</a>, and a long narrow <a href="/wiki/Abdomen#Invertebrates" title="Abdomen">abdomen</a>. The shell which protects the cephalothorax is harder and thicker than the shell elsewhere on the shrimp and is called the <a href="/wiki/Carapace" title="Carapace">carapace</a>. The carapace typically surrounds the <a href="/wiki/Gill" title="Gill">gills</a>, through which water is pumped by the action of the mouthparts.<sup id="cite_ref-Chace_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chace-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rostrum, eyes, whiskers and legs also issue from the carapace. The <a href="/wiki/Rostrum_(anatomy)" title="Rostrum (anatomy)">rostrum</a>, from the Latin <i>rōstrum</i> meaning <i>beak</i>, looks like a beak or pointed nose at the front of the shrimp's head. It is a rigid forward extension of the carapace and can be used for attack or defense. It may also stabilize the shrimp when it swims backward. Two bulbous <a href="/wiki/Eyestalk" title="Eyestalk">eyes on stalks</a> sit either side of the rostrum. These are <a href="/wiki/Compound_eyes" class="mw-redirect" title="Compound eyes">compound eyes</a> which have panoramic vision and are very good at detecting movement. Two pairs of whiskers (<a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a>) also issue from the head. One of these pairs is very long and can be twice the length of the shrimp, while the other pair is quite short. The antennae have sensors on them which allow the shrimp to feel where they touch, and also allow them to "smell" or "taste" things by <a href="/wiki/Chemoreceptor" title="Chemoreceptor">sampling the chemicals</a> in the water. The long antennae help the shrimp orient itself with regard to its immediate surroundings, while the short antennae help assess the suitability of prey.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bauer2_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eight pairs of appendages issue from the cephalothorax. The first three pairs, the <a href="/wiki/Maxilliped" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxilliped">maxillipeds</a>, Latin for "jaw feet", are used as <a href="/wiki/Arthropod_mouthparts" title="Arthropod mouthparts">mouthparts</a>. In <i>Crangon crangon</i>, the first pair, the <a href="/wiki/Maxilla_(arthropod_mouthpart)" title="Maxilla (arthropod mouthpart)">maxillula</a>, pumps water into the <a href="/wiki/Gill" title="Gill">gill</a> cavity. After the maxilliped come five more pairs of appendages, the <a href="/wiki/Pereiopod" class="mw-redirect" title="Pereiopod">pereiopods</a>. These form the ten decapod legs. In <i>Crangon crangon</i>, the first two pairs of pereiopods have claws or <a href="/wiki/Chela_(organ)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chela (organ)">chela</a>. The chela can grasp food items and bring them to the mouth. They can also be used for fighting and grooming. The remaining four legs are long and slender, and are used for walking or perching.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bauer2_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EBdecapod_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBdecapod-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The muscular abdomen has six segments and has a thinner shell than the carapace. Each segment has a separate overlapping shell, which can be transparent. The first five segments each have a pair of appendages on the underside, which are shaped like paddles and are used for swimming forward. The appendages are called <a href="/wiki/Pleopod" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleopod">pleopods</a> or swimmerets, and can be used for purposes other than swimming. Some shrimp species use them for brooding eggs, others have gills on them for breathing, and the males in some species use the first pair or two for insemination. The sixth segment terminates in the <a href="/wiki/Telson" title="Telson">telson</a> flanked by two pairs of appendages called the <a href="/wiki/Uropod" title="Uropod">uropods</a>. The uropods allow the shrimp to swim backward, and function like rudders, steering the shrimp when it swims forward. Together, the telson and uropods form a splayed tail fan. If a shrimp is alarmed, it can flex its tail fan in a rapid movement. This results in a backward dart called the <a href="/wiki/Caridoid_escape_reaction" title="Caridoid escape reaction">caridoid escape reaction</a> (lobstering).<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bauer2_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat">Habitat</h2></div> <p>Shrimp are widespread, and can be found near the seafloor of most coasts and estuaries, as well as in rivers and lakes. There are numerous species, and usually there is a species adapted to any particular habitat.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most shrimp species are marine, although about a quarter of the described species are found in <a href="/wiki/Fresh_water" title="Fresh water">fresh water</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-freshwater_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-freshwater-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marine species are found at depths of up to 5,000 metres (16,000 ft),<sup id="cite_ref-Chace_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chace-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from the tropics to the polar regions. Although shrimp are almost entirely fully aquatic, the two species of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merguia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merguia (page does not exist)">Merguia</a></i> are <a href="/wiki/Semi-terrestrial" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-terrestrial">semi-terrestrial</a> and spend a significant part of their life on land in <a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">mangrove</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:994px;max-width:994px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Habitats</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:261px;max-width:261px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lysmata_amboinensis_in_Tropicarium-Oceanarium_Budapest.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Lysmata_amboinensis_in_Tropicarium-Oceanarium_Budapest.JPG/259px-Lysmata_amboinensis_in_Tropicarium-Oceanarium_Budapest.JPG" decoding="async" width="259" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Lysmata_amboinensis_in_Tropicarium-Oceanarium_Budapest.JPG/389px-Lysmata_amboinensis_in_Tropicarium-Oceanarium_Budapest.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Lysmata_amboinensis_in_Tropicarium-Oceanarium_Budapest.JPG/518px-Lysmata_amboinensis_in_Tropicarium-Oceanarium_Budapest.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Most shrimp such as <i><a href="/wiki/Lysmata_amboinensis" title="Lysmata amboinensis">Lysmata amboinensis</a></i> live in fairly shallow waters and use their "walking legs" to perch on the sea bottom.<br /> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJZoJiZ4dXo">Shrimp Aquarium</a> – <i>YouTube</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:232px;max-width:232px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Two_red_cherry_shrimp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Two_red_cherry_shrimp.jpg/230px-Two_red_cherry_shrimp.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Two_red_cherry_shrimp.jpg/345px-Two_red_cherry_shrimp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Two_red_cherry_shrimp.jpg/460px-Two_red_cherry_shrimp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Other shrimp, like these <a href="/wiki/Cherry_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherry shrimp">cherry shrimp</a>, perch on plant leaves<br /><br /> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603121912/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwVJjVNzpy4">Red Cherry Shrimp</a> – <i>YouTube</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:232px;max-width:232px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Heterocarpus_ensifer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Heterocarpus_ensifer.jpg/230px-Heterocarpus_ensifer.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Heterocarpus_ensifer.jpg/345px-Heterocarpus_ensifer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Heterocarpus_ensifer.jpg/460px-Heterocarpus_ensifer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Some shrimp live in deep and dark waters, such as this <i><a href="/wiki/Heterocarpus_ensifer" title="Heterocarpus ensifer">Heterocarpus ensifer</a></i>.<br /> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQbQFp5Kefs">Window Washing Shrimp</a> – <i>YouTube</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:261px;max-width:261px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pederson%27s_Shrimp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Pederson%27s_Shrimp.jpg/259px-Pederson%27s_Shrimp.jpg" decoding="async" width="259" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Pederson%27s_Shrimp.jpg/389px-Pederson%27s_Shrimp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Pederson%27s_Shrimp.jpg/518px-Pederson%27s_Shrimp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The delicate, transparent <a href="/wiki/Pederson%27s_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pederson's shrimp">Pederson's shrimp</a> lives with <a href="/wiki/Sea_anemone" title="Sea anemone">anemone</a> hosts, and <a href="/wiki/Cleaner_shrimp" title="Cleaner shrimp">cleans parasites</a> from fish.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52QpJBWvCQk">Scorpion Fish being cleaned by Pederson Shrimp</a> – <i>YouTube</i></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaviour">Behaviour</h2></div> <p>There are many variations in the ways different types of shrimp look and behave. Even within the core group of <a href="/wiki/Caridean_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Caridean shrimp">caridean shrimp</a>, the small delicate <a href="/wiki/Pederson%27s_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pederson's shrimp">Pederson's shrimp</a> (above) looks and behaves quite unlike the large commercial <a href="/wiki/Pandalus_borealis" title="Pandalus borealis">pink shrimp</a> or the snapping <a href="/wiki/Pistol_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistol shrimp">pistol shrimp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The caridean family of pistol shrimp are characterized by big asymmetrical claws, the larger of which can produce a loud snapping sound. The family is diverse and worldwide in distribution, consisting of about 600 species.<sup id="cite_ref-multiple_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multiple-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Colonies of snapping shrimp are a major source of noise in the ocean and can interfere with sonar and underwater communication.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The small <a href="/wiki/Periclimenes_imperator" title="Periclimenes imperator">emperor shrimp</a> has a <a href="/wiki/Symbiotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbiotic">symbiotic</a> relationship with <a href="/wiki/Sea_slug" title="Sea slug">sea slugs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumber" title="Sea cucumber">sea cucumbers</a>, and may help keep them clear of ectoparasites.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:733px;max-width:733px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Behaviour</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:251px;max-width:251px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alpheus_soror_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Alpheus_soror_2.JPG/249px-Alpheus_soror_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="249" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Alpheus_soror_2.JPG/374px-Alpheus_soror_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Alpheus_soror_2.JPG/498px-Alpheus_soror_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1066" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Pistol_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistol shrimp">Pistol shrimp</a> stun prey with "sonic booms", producing some of the loudest sounds in the ocean.<br /><br /> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XC6I8iPiHT8">Pistol Shrimp sonic weapon</a> – <i>BBC: Weird Nature</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Periclimenes_imperator_(Emperor_shrimp)_on_Bohadschia_argus_(Sea_cucumber).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Periclimenes_imperator_%28Emperor_shrimp%29_on_Bohadschia_argus_%28Sea_cucumber%29.jpg/222px-Periclimenes_imperator_%28Emperor_shrimp%29_on_Bohadschia_argus_%28Sea_cucumber%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Periclimenes_imperator_%28Emperor_shrimp%29_on_Bohadschia_argus_%28Sea_cucumber%29.jpg/333px-Periclimenes_imperator_%28Emperor_shrimp%29_on_Bohadschia_argus_%28Sea_cucumber%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Periclimenes_imperator_%28Emperor_shrimp%29_on_Bohadschia_argus_%28Sea_cucumber%29.jpg/444px-Periclimenes_imperator_%28Emperor_shrimp%29_on_Bohadschia_argus_%28Sea_cucumber%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2846" data-file-height="2134" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">This small <i><a href="/wiki/Periclimenes_imperator" title="Periclimenes imperator">Periclimenes imperator</a></i> emperor shrimp is perched on a <a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumber" title="Sea cucumber">sea cucumber</a> with which it has a <a href="/wiki/Symbiotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbiotic">symbiotic</a> relationship. <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHZGBXBwzJU">Emperor shrimp feeds while sea cucumber spawns</a> <i>YouTube</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gobie_and_Shrimp.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gobie_and_Shrimp.JPG/250px-Gobie_and_Shrimp.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gobie_and_Shrimp.JPG/375px-Gobie_and_Shrimp.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gobie_and_Shrimp.JPG/500px-Gobie_and_Shrimp.JPG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The blind <a href="/wiki/Tiger_pistol_shrimp" title="Tiger pistol shrimp">tiger pistol shrimp</a> can partner with a <a href="/wiki/Yellow_watchman_goby" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellow watchman goby">yellow watchman goby</a>. The shrimp maintains a burrow for the pair and the goby is the lookout. <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vR9X3gFTpL0">Living Together: Shrimp and Fish</a> <i>BBC: Trials of Life</i></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p>Most shrimp are <a href="/wiki/Omnivorous" class="mw-redirect" title="Omnivorous">omnivorous</a>, but some are specialised for particular modes of feeding. Some are <a href="/wiki/Filter_feeders" class="mw-redirect" title="Filter feeders">filter feeders</a>, using their <a href="/wiki/Seta" title="Seta">setose</a> (bristly) legs as a sieve; some scrape <a href="/wiki/Algae" title="Algae">algae</a> from rocks. <a href="/wiki/Cleaner_shrimp" title="Cleaner shrimp">Cleaner shrimp</a> feed on the parasites and <a href="/wiki/Necrotic_tissue" class="mw-redirect" title="Necrotic tissue">necrotic tissue</a> of the reef fish they groom.<sup id="cite_ref-Chace_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chace-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some species of shrimp are known to cannibalize others as well if other food sources are not readily available. In turn, shrimp are eaten by various animals, particularly fish and seabirds, and frequently host <a href="/wiki/Bopyridae" title="Bopyridae">bopyrid</a> parasites.<sup id="cite_ref-Chace_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chace-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mating">Mating</h3></div> <p>Females of the freshwater shrimp <i>Caridina ensifera</i> are capable of storing sperm from multiple partners, and thus can produce progeny with different paternities.<sup id="cite_ref-Yue_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yue-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reproductive success of sires was found to correlate inversely with their genetic relatedness to the mother.<sup id="cite_ref-Yue_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yue-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This finding suggests that sperm competition and/or pre- and post-copulatory female choice occurs. Female choice may increase the fitness of progeny by reducing <a href="/wiki/Inbreeding_depression" title="Inbreeding depression">inbreeding depression</a> that ordinarily results from the expression of <a href="/wiki/Zygosity#Homozygous" title="Zygosity">homozygous</a> deleterious recessive mutations.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19834483_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19834483-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Species">Species</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decapods">Decapods</h3></div> <p>There is little agreement among taxonomists concerning the <a href="/wiki/Phylogeny" class="mw-redirect" title="Phylogeny">phylogeny</a> of crustaceans.<sup id="cite_ref-Palaeos1_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palaeos1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the decapods, "every study gives totally different results. Nor do even one of these studies match any of the rival morphology studies".<sup id="cite_ref-Palaeos2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palaeos2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some taxonomists identify shrimp with the infraorder <a href="/wiki/Caridea" title="Caridea">Caridea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prawn" title="Prawn">prawns</a> with the suborder <a href="/wiki/Dendrobranchiata" title="Dendrobranchiata">Dendrobranchiata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While different experts give different answers, there is no disagreement that the caridean species are shrimp.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are over 3000 caridean species.<sup id="cite_ref-DeGrave2011_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeGrave2011-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Occasionally they are referred to as "true shrimp".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Traditionally, <a href="/wiki/Decapods" class="mw-redirect" title="Decapods">decapods</a> were divided into two suborders: the <a href="/wiki/Natantia" title="Natantia">Natantia</a> (or swimmers) and the <a href="/wiki/Reptantia" title="Reptantia">Reptantia</a> (or walkers). The Natantia or swimmers included the shrimp. They were defined by their abdomen which, together with its appendages was well adapted for swimming. The Reptantia or walkers included the crabs and lobsters. These species have small abdominal appendages, but robust legs well adapted for walking. The Natantia was thought to be <a href="/wiki/Paraphyletic" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraphyletic">paraphyletic</a>; that is, it was thought that originally all decapods were like shrimp.<sup id="cite_ref-Palaeos3_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palaeos3-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, classifications are now based on <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clades</a>, and the paraphyletic suborder Natantia has been discontinued. "On this basis, taxonomic classifications now divide the order Decapoda into the two suborders: Dendrobranchiata for the largest shrimp clade, and Pleocyemata for all other decapods. The Pleocyemata are in turn divided into half a dozen infra-orders"<sup id="cite_ref-Palaeos3_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palaeos3-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>The taxonomists De Grave and Fransen, 2011, recognise four major groups of shrimp: the suborder <a href="/wiki/Dendrobranchiata" title="Dendrobranchiata">Dendrobranchiata</a> and the infraorders <a href="/wiki/Procarididea" title="Procarididea">Procarididea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stenopodidea" title="Stenopodidea">Stenopodidea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caridea" title="Caridea">Caridea</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Grave_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grave-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This group is identical to the traditional <a href="/wiki/Natantia" title="Natantia">Natantia</a> group, and contains decapods only.</li> <li>All shrimp of commercial interest belong to the Natantia. The <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a> determine the categories and terminology used in the reporting of global fisheries. They define a shrimp as a "decapod crustacean of the suborder Natantia".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>According to the Codex Alimentarius Commission of the <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a> and <a href="/wiki/WHO" class="mw-redirect" title="WHO">WHO</a>: "The term <i>shrimp</i> (which includes the frequently used term <i>prawn</i>) refers to the species covered by the most recent edition of the FAO listing of shrimp, FAO Species Catalogue, Volume 1, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/ac477e/ac477e00.htm"><i>Shrimps and prawns of the world, an annotated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries</i></a> FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In turn, the <i>Species Catalogue</i> says the highest category it deals with is "the suborder Natantia of the order Crustacea Decapoda to which all shrimps and prawns belong".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Major shrimp groups of the <a href="/wiki/Natantia" title="Natantia">Natantia</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Order </th> <th>Suborder </th> <th>Infraorder </th> <th>Image </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Extant_taxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Extant taxon">Extant species</a> <sup id="cite_ref-DeGrave2011_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeGrave2011-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Decapoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Decapoda">Decapoda</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Dendrobranchiata" title="Dendrobranchiata">Dendrobranchiata</a> </th> <th> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Penaeus_monodon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dendrobranchiata: Giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon)"><img alt="Dendrobranchiata: Giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Penaeus_monodon.jpg/90px-Penaeus_monodon.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Penaeus_monodon.jpg/135px-Penaeus_monodon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Penaeus_monodon.jpg/180px-Penaeus_monodon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center">533 </td> <td valign="top"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:220px; ; color: #202122;background-color: #ddf8f8;"> <div class="quotebox-title" style="color: #202122;background-color: #ddf8f8;">Penaeid shrimp</div> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>A particularly significant family in this suborder is the <a href="/wiki/Penaeidae" title="Penaeidae">Penaeidae</a>, often referred to as penaeid shrimp or penaeid prawn. Most commercially important species are in this family. <a href="#Commercial_species">See below</a>. </p> </blockquote> </div>The species in this suborder tend to be larger than the caridean shrimp species below, and many are commercially important. They are sometimes referred to as prawns. Dendrobranchiata, such as the <a href="/wiki/Giant_tiger_prawn" class="mw-redirect" title="Giant tiger prawn">giant tiger prawn</a> pictured, typically have three pairs of claws, though their claws are less conspicuous than those of other shrimp. They do not brood eggs like the caridean, but shed them directly into the water. Their gills are branching, whereas the gills of caridean shrimp are <a href="/wiki/Lamella_(anatomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamella (anatomy)">lamellar</a>. The segments on their abdomens are even-sized, and there is no pronounced bend in the abdomen.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bauer_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TeAra_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TeAra-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Raabe_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raabe-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Pleocyemata" title="Pleocyemata">Pleocyemata</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Caridea" title="Caridea">Caridea</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pandborealisind.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Caridea: Pink shrimp (Pandalus borealis)"><img alt="Caridea: Pink shrimp (Pandalus borealis)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pandborealisind.jpg/90px-Pandborealisind.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pandborealisind.jpg/135px-Pandborealisind.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pandborealisind.jpg/180px-Pandborealisind.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center">3438 </td> <td valign="top">The numerous species in this infraorder are known as caridean shrimp, though only a few are commercially important. They are usually small, nocturnal, difficult to find (they burrow in the sediment), and of interest mainly to marine biologists. Caridean shrimp, such as the <a href="/wiki/Pandalus_borealis" title="Pandalus borealis">pink shrimp</a> pictured, typically have two pairs of claws. Female carideans attach eggs to their pleopods and brood them there. The second <a href="/wiki/Somite" title="Somite">abdominal segment</a> overlaps both the first and the third segment, and the abdomen shows a pronounced <i>caridean bend</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bauer1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauer1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Raabe_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raabe-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Procarididea" title="Procarididea">Procarididea</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Procaris_Ascensionis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Procarididea: Procaris ascensionis"><img alt="Procarididea: Procaris ascensionis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Procaris_Ascensionis.jpg/90px-Procaris_Ascensionis.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Procaris_Ascensionis.jpg/135px-Procaris_Ascensionis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Procaris_Ascensionis.jpg/180px-Procaris_Ascensionis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center">6 </td> <td valign="top">A minor <a href="/wiki/Sister_group" title="Sister group">sister group</a> to the Caridea (immediately above) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Stenopodidea" title="Stenopodidea">Stenopodidea</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stenopus_hispidus_(high_res).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Stenopus_hispidus_%28high_res%29.jpg/90px-Stenopus_hispidus_%28high_res%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Stenopus_hispidus_%28high_res%29.jpg/135px-Stenopus_hispidus_%28high_res%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Stenopus_hispidus_%28high_res%29.jpg/180px-Stenopus_hispidus_%28high_res%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1208" data-file-height="1676" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center">71 </td> <td valign="top">Known as <a href="/wiki/Boxer_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxer shrimp">boxer shrimp</a>, the members of this infraorder are often <a href="/wiki/Cleaner_shrimp" title="Cleaner shrimp">cleaner shrimp</a>. Their third pair of walking legs (<a href="/wiki/Pereiopod" class="mw-redirect" title="Pereiopod">pereiopods</a>) are greatly enlarged. The <a href="/wiki/Banded_coral_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Banded coral shrimp">banded coral shrimp</a> <i>(pictured)</i> is popular in aquariums. The Stenopodidea are a much smaller group than the Dendrobranchia and Caridea, and have no commercial importance.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Other decapod crustaceans also called shrimp, are the ghost or mud shrimp belonging to the infra-order <a href="/wiki/Thalassinidea" title="Thalassinidea">Thalassinidea</a>. In Australia they are called <i>yabbies</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Monophyletic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Monophyletic group">monophyly</a> of the group is not certain; recent studies have suggested dividing the group into two infraorders, Gebiidea and Axiidea.<sup id="cite_ref-Grave_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grave-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-decapods">Non-decapods</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:250px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote center-aligned" style=""> <p>A <i>shrimp</i> seems to be almost any crustacean that isn't a lobster, barnacle, or crab </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="right-aligned" style="">– <i>Greg Jensen <sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></cite></p> </div> <p>A wide variety of non-decapod crustaceans are also commonly referred to as shrimp. This includes the <a href="/wiki/Brine_shrimp" title="Brine shrimp">brine shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clam_shrimp" title="Clam shrimp">clam shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fairy_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairy shrimp">fairy shrimp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tadpole_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Tadpole shrimp">tadpole shrimp</a> belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Branchiopods" class="mw-redirect" title="Branchiopods">branchiopods</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lophogastrida" title="Lophogastrida">lophogastridan shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opossum_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Opossum shrimp">opossum shrimp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skeleton_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Skeleton shrimp">skeleton shrimp</a> belonging the <a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">Malacostraca</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Seed_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Seed shrimp">seed shrimp</a> which are <a href="/wiki/Ostracod" title="Ostracod">ostracods</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of these species look quite unlike the commercial decapod shrimp that are eaten as seafood. For example, <a href="/wiki/Skeleton_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Skeleton shrimp">skeleton shrimp</a> have short legs and a slender tail like a scorpion tail, <a href="/wiki/Fairy_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairy shrimp">fairy shrimp</a> swim upside down with swimming appendages that look like leaves, and the tiny <a href="/wiki/Seed_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Seed shrimp">seed shrimp</a> have bivalved carapaces which they can open or close.<sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Krill" title="Krill">Krill</a> resemble miniature shrimp, and are sometimes called "krill shrimp".<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6" width="600px">Other species groups commonly known as shrimp </th></tr> <tr> <th>Class </th> <th>Image </th> <th width="55px">Group </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Extant_taxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Extant taxon">Extant species</a> </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Branchiopoda" title="Branchiopoda">Branchiopoda</a> </th> <td colspan="4" style="background:#ddf8f8;"><a href="/wiki/Branchiopoda" title="Branchiopoda">Branchiopoda</a> comes from the Greek <i>branchia</i> meaning gills, and <i>pous</i> meaning <i>feet</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have <a href="/wiki/Gill" title="Gill">gills</a> on their feet or <a href="/wiki/Arthropod_mouthparts" title="Arthropod mouthparts">mouthparts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Artemia_monica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Artemia_monica.jpg/90px-Artemia_monica.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Artemia_monica.jpg/135px-Artemia_monica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Artemia_monica.jpg/180px-Artemia_monica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="507" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Brine_shrimp" title="Brine shrimp">brine shrimp</a> </td> <td align="center">8 </td> <td valign="top">Brine shrimp belong to the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Artemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemia">Artemia</a></i>. They live in inland saltwater lakes in unusually high salinities, which protects them from most predators. They produce eggs, called <a href="/wiki/Microbial_cyst" title="Microbial cyst">cysts</a>, which can be stored in a <a href="/wiki/Dormancy" title="Dormancy">dormant</a> state for long periods and then hatched on demand. This has led to the extensive use of brine shrimp as <a href="/wiki/Fish_feed" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish feed">fish feed</a> in <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">aquaculture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-R3_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R3-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brine shrimp are sold as novelty gifts under the marketing name <i><a href="/wiki/Sea-Monkeys" title="Sea-Monkeys">Sea-Monkeys</a></i>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:California_Clam_Shrimp_(Cyzicus_californicus).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/California_Clam_Shrimp_%28Cyzicus_californicus%29.jpg/90px-California_Clam_Shrimp_%28Cyzicus_californicus%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/California_Clam_Shrimp_%28Cyzicus_californicus%29.jpg/135px-California_Clam_Shrimp_%28Cyzicus_californicus%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/California_Clam_Shrimp_%28Cyzicus_californicus%29.jpg/180px-California_Clam_Shrimp_%28Cyzicus_californicus%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="2268" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Clam_shrimp" title="Clam shrimp">clam shrimp</a> </td> <td align="center">150 </td> <td valign="top">Clam shrimp belong to the group <a href="/wiki/Conchostraca" class="mw-redirect" title="Conchostraca">Conchostraca</a>. These freshwater shrimp have a hinged <a href="/wiki/Bivalve" class="mw-redirect" title="Bivalve">bivalved</a> carapace which can open and close. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EubranchipusGrubii1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/EubranchipusGrubii1.jpg/90px-EubranchipusGrubii1.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/EubranchipusGrubii1.jpg/135px-EubranchipusGrubii1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/EubranchipusGrubii1.jpg/180px-EubranchipusGrubii1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1668" data-file-height="1079" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Fairy_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairy shrimp">fairy shrimp</a> </td> <td align="center">300 </td> <td valign="top">Fairy shrimp belong to the class <a href="/wiki/Anostraca" title="Anostraca">Anostraca</a>. These 1–10 cm long freshwater or brackish shrimp have no carapace. They swim upside down with their belly uppermost, with swimming appendages that look like leaves. Most <a href="/wiki/Fairy_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairy shrimp">fairy shrimp</a> are herbivores, and eat only the algae in the plankton. Their eggs can survive drought and temperature extremes for years, reviving and hatching after the rain returns.<sup id="cite_ref-Pennak_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pennak-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Triops_longicaudatus2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Triops_longicaudatus2.jpg/90px-Triops_longicaudatus2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Triops_longicaudatus2.jpg/135px-Triops_longicaudatus2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Triops_longicaudatus2.jpg/180px-Triops_longicaudatus2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1560" data-file-height="1368" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Tadpole_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Tadpole shrimp">tadpole shrimp</a> </td> <td align="center">20 </td> <td valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Tadpole_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Tadpole shrimp">Tadpole shrimp</a> belong to the family <a href="/wiki/Notostraca" title="Notostraca">Notostraca</a>. These <a href="/wiki/Living_fossil" title="Living fossil">living fossils</a> have not much changed since the <a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">Triassic</a>. They are drought-resistant and can be found preying on fairy shrimp and small fish at the bottom of shallow lakes and <a href="/wiki/Temporary_pool" class="mw-redirect" title="Temporary pool">temporary pools</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Longtail_tadpole_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Longtail tadpole shrimp">longtail tadpole shrimp</a> <i>(pictured)</i> has three eyes and up to 120 legs with <a href="/wiki/Gill" title="Gill">gills</a> on them.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It lives for 20–90 days. Different populations can be bisexual, <a href="/wiki/Parthenogenesis" title="Parthenogenesis">unisexual</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hermaphrodite" title="Hermaphrodite">hermaphroditic</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">Malacostraca</a> </th> <td colspan="4" style="background:#ddf8f8;"><a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">Malacostraca</a> comes from the Greek <i>malakós</i> meaning <i>soft</i> and <i>óstrakon</i> meaning <i>shell</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name is misleading, since normally the shell is hard, and is soft only briefly after <a href="/wiki/Ecdysis" title="Ecdysis">moulting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rich_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rich-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnathophausia_zoea.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gnathophausia_zoea.jpg/90px-Gnathophausia_zoea.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gnathophausia_zoea.jpg/135px-Gnathophausia_zoea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gnathophausia_zoea.jpg/180px-Gnathophausia_zoea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="752" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Lophogastrida" title="Lophogastrida">Lophogastrida</a> </td> <td align="center">56 </td> <td valign="top">These marine <a href="/wiki/Pelagic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pelagic">pelagic</a> shrimp make up the order <a href="/wiki/Lophogastrida" title="Lophogastrida">Lophogastrida</a>. They mostly inhabit relatively deep pelagic waters throughout the world. Like the related <a href="/wiki/Opossum_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Opossum shrimp">opossum shrimp</a>, females lophogastrida carry a <a href="/wiki/Brood_pouch_(Peracarida)" title="Brood pouch (Peracarida)">brood pouch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mauchline_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mauchline-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OdontodactylusScyllarus2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/OdontodactylusScyllarus2.jpg/90px-OdontodactylusScyllarus2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/OdontodactylusScyllarus2.jpg/135px-OdontodactylusScyllarus2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/OdontodactylusScyllarus2.jpg/180px-OdontodactylusScyllarus2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="890" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Mantis_shrimp" title="Mantis shrimp">mantis shrimp</a> </td> <td align="center">400 </td> <td valign="top">Mantis shrimp, so called because they resemble a <a href="/wiki/Praying_mantis" class="mw-redirect" title="Praying mantis">praying mantis</a> and a shrimp, make up the order <a href="/wiki/Stomatopoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Stomatopoda">Stomatopoda</a>. They grow up to 38 cm (15 in) long, and can be vividly coloured. Some have powerful spiked claws which they punch into their prey, stunning, spearing and dismembering them. They have been called "thumb splitters" because of the severe gashes they can inflict if handled carelessly.<sup id="cite_ref-Voss2002_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voss2002-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hemimysis_anomala_GLERL_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hemimysis_anomala_GLERL_4.jpg/90px-Hemimysis_anomala_GLERL_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hemimysis_anomala_GLERL_4.jpg/135px-Hemimysis_anomala_GLERL_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hemimysis_anomala_GLERL_4.jpg/180px-Hemimysis_anomala_GLERL_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="762" data-file-height="499" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Opossum_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Opossum shrimp">opossum shrimp</a> </td> <td align="center">1,000 </td> <td valign="top">Opossum shrimp belong to the order <a href="/wiki/Mysida" title="Mysida">Mysida</a>. They are called opossum shrimp because the females carry a <a href="/wiki/Brood_pouch_(Peracarida)" title="Brood pouch (Peracarida)">brood pouch</a>. Usually less than 3 cm long, they are not closely related to caridean or penaeid shrimp. They are widespread in marine waters, and are also found in some brackish and freshwater habitats in the Northern hemisphere. Marine mysids can form large <a href="/wiki/Swarm" class="mw-redirect" title="Swarm">swarms</a> and are an important source of food for many fish. Some freshwater mysids are found in groundwater and <a href="/wiki/Anchialine_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Anchialine cave">anchialine caves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mauchline_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mauchline-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Meland_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meland-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pariambus_typicus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Pariambus_typicus.jpg/90px-Pariambus_typicus.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Pariambus_typicus.jpg/135px-Pariambus_typicus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Pariambus_typicus.jpg/180px-Pariambus_typicus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Skeleton_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Skeleton shrimp">skeleton shrimp</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td valign="top">Skeleton shrimp, sometimes known as ghost shrimp, are <a href="/wiki/Amphipoda" title="Amphipoda">amphipods</a>. Their threadlike slender bodies allow them to virtually disappear among fine filaments in seaweed. Males are usually much larger than females.<sup id="cite_ref-OAKLEY_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OAKLEY-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NOBANIS_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOBANIS-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For a good account of a specific species, see <i><a href="/wiki/Caprella_mutica" title="Caprella mutica">Caprella mutica</a></i>. </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ostracoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ostracoda">Ostracoda</a> </th> <td colspan="4" style="background:#ddf8f8;"><a href="/wiki/Ostracod" title="Ostracod">Ostracod</a> comes from the Greek <i>óstrakon</i> meaning <i>shell</i>. In this case, the shells are in two parts, like those of <a href="/wiki/Bivalve" class="mw-redirect" title="Bivalve">bivalves</a> or <a href="/wiki/Clam" title="Clam">clams</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ostracod.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Ostracod.JPG/90px-Ostracod.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Ostracod.JPG/135px-Ostracod.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Ostracod.JPG/180px-Ostracod.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2087" data-file-height="1551" /></a></span> </td> <td align="right"><a href="/wiki/Seed_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Seed shrimp">seed shrimp</a> </td> <td align="center">13,000 </td> <td valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Seed_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Seed shrimp">Seed shrimp</a> make up the class <a href="/wiki/Ostracoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ostracoda">Ostracoda</a>. This is a class of numerous small crustacean species which look like seeds, typically about one millimetre (0.04 in) in size. Their carapace looks like a clam shell, with two parts held together by a hinge to allow the shell to open and close. Some marine seed shrimp drift as pelagic plankton, but most live on the sea floor and burrow in the upper sediment layer. There are also freshwater and terrestrial species. The class includes carnivores, herbivores, filter feeders and scavengers.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Some <a href="/wiki/Mantis_shrimp" title="Mantis shrimp">mantis shrimp</a> are a foot long, and have bulging eyes, a flattened tail and formidable claws equipped with clubs or sharp spikes, which it can use to knock out its opponents.<sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Voss2002_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voss2002-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:851px;max-width:851px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Examples of non-decapod "shrimp"</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Odontodactylus_scyllarus_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Odontodactylus_scyllarus_2.png/200px-Odontodactylus_scyllarus_2.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Odontodactylus_scyllarus_2.png/300px-Odontodactylus_scyllarus_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Odontodactylus_scyllarus_2.png/400px-Odontodactylus_scyllarus_2.png 2x" data-file-width="1799" data-file-height="1358" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Some <a href="/wiki/Mantis_shrimp" title="Mantis shrimp">mantis shrimp</a> knock prey out with powerful punches, and can crack a <a href="/wiki/Clam" title="Clam">clam</a> open.<sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Voss2002_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voss2002-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-ahuZEvWH8">Mantis Shrimp Destroys Clam</a> – <i>YouTube</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:237px;max-width:237px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Generalized_caprellid_(skeleton_shrimp)_body_plan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Generalized_caprellid_%28skeleton_shrimp%29_body_plan.png/235px-Generalized_caprellid_%28skeleton_shrimp%29_body_plan.png" decoding="async" width="235" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Generalized_caprellid_%28skeleton_shrimp%29_body_plan.png/353px-Generalized_caprellid_%28skeleton_shrimp%29_body_plan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Generalized_caprellid_%28skeleton_shrimp%29_body_plan.png/470px-Generalized_caprellid_%28skeleton_shrimp%29_body_plan.png 2x" data-file-width="2748" data-file-height="1768" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Skeleton_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Skeleton shrimp">Skeleton shrimp</a> have threadlike slender bodies<br /><br /> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e7D3WsrDLcU">Skeleton shrimp</a> – <i>YouTube</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Triops.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Triops.jpg/200px-Triops.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Triops.jpg/300px-Triops.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Triops.jpg/400px-Triops.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1293" data-file-height="968" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Tadpole_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Tadpole shrimp">Tadpole shrimp</a> can have up to 120 swimming legs<br /><br /> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6cC4DcqYYc0">Triops</a> – <i>YouTube</i></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Artemia_salina_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Artemia_salina_3.jpg/200px-Artemia_salina_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Artemia_salina_3.jpg/300px-Artemia_salina_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Artemia_salina_3.jpg/400px-Artemia_salina_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1575" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Some <a href="/wiki/Branchiopod" class="mw-redirect" title="Branchiopod">branchiopods</a>, like this <a href="/wiki/Brine_shrimp" title="Brine shrimp">brine shrimp</a>, have eggs which survive prolonged drought conditions. <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18ct11u4glc">Branchiopod shrimp</a> – <i>YouTube</i></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_uses">Human uses</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg/220px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg/330px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg/440px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3486" data-file-height="4226" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrimp_Girl" title="The Shrimp Girl">The Shrimp Girl</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth">William Hogarth</a>, circa 1740–1745, balances on her head a large basket of shrimp and mussels, which she is selling on the streets of London</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shrimp_and_prawn_production_time_series.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Shrimp_and_prawn_production_time_series.png/220px-Shrimp_and_prawn_production_time_series.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Shrimp_and_prawn_production_time_series.png/330px-Shrimp_and_prawn_production_time_series.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Shrimp_and_prawn_production_time_series.png/440px-Shrimp_and_prawn_production_time_series.png 2x" data-file-width="1233" data-file-height="749" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Commercial production of shrimps (and prawns) in million tonnes as reported by the <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a>, 1950–2009<sup id="cite_ref-faostat_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div></div></div> <p>In 1991, archeologists suggested that ancient raised paved areas near the coast in <a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a>, Mexico, were platforms used for drying shrimp in the sun, and that adjacent clay hearths were used to dry the shrimp when there was no sun.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The evidence was circumstantial, because the <a href="/wiki/Chitin" title="Chitin">chitinous</a> shells of shrimp are so thin they degrade rapidly, leaving no fossil remains. In 1985 Quitmyer and others found direct evidence dating back to 600 AD for shrimping off the southeastern coast of North America, by successfully identifying shrimp from the archaeological remains of their <a href="/wiki/Mandible" title="Mandible">mandibles</a> (jaws).<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clay vessels with shrimp decorations have been found in the ruins of <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 3rd century AD, the Greek author <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a> wrote in his literary work, <i><a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Deipnosophistae</a></i>; "... of all fish the daintiest is a young shrimp in fig leaves."<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In North America, <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">indigenous peoples of the Americas</a> captured shrimp and other crustaceans in <a href="/wiki/Fishing_weir" title="Fishing weir">fishing weirs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_trap" title="Fish trap">traps</a> made from branches and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_moss" title="Spanish moss">Spanish moss</a>, or used nets woven with fibre beaten from plants. At the same time early European settlers, oblivious to the "protein-rich coasts" all about them, starved from lack of protein.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1735 <a href="/wiki/Beach_seine" class="mw-redirect" title="Beach seine">beach seines</a> were imported from France, and <a href="/wiki/Cajun" class="mw-redirect" title="Cajun">Cajun</a> fishermen in Louisiana started catching <a href="/wiki/Litopenaeus_setiferus" title="Litopenaeus setiferus">white shrimp</a> and drying them in the sun, as they still do today.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the mid nineteenth century, Chinese immigrants arrived for the <a href="/wiki/California_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="California Gold Rush">California Gold Rush</a>, many from the <a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Delta" title="Pearl River Delta">Pearl River Delta</a> where netting small shrimp had been a tradition for centuries. Some immigrants starting catching shrimp local to <a href="/wiki/Ecology_of_the_San_Francisco_Estuary" title="Ecology of the San Francisco Estuary">San Francisco Bay</a>, particularly the small inch long <i><a href="/wiki/Crangon" title="Crangon">Crangon franciscorum</a></i>. These shrimp burrow into the sand to hide, and can be present in high numbers without appearing to be so. The catch was dried in the sun and was exported to China or sold to the Chinese community in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the beginning of the American shrimping industry. <a href="/wiki/Overfishing" title="Overfishing">Overfishing</a> and pollution from gold mine tailings resulted in the decline of the fishery. It was replaced by a penaeid <a href="/wiki/Litopenaeus_setiferus" title="Litopenaeus setiferus">white shrimp</a> fishery on the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts. These shrimp were so abundant that beaches were piled with <a href="/wiki/Windrow" title="Windrow">windrows</a> from their <a href="/wiki/Moult" class="mw-redirect" title="Moult">moults</a>. Modern industrial shrimping methods originated in this area.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>""For shrimp to develop into one of the world's most popular foods, it took the simultaneous development of the <a href="/wiki/Otter_trawl" class="mw-redirect" title="Otter trawl">otter trawl</a>... and the internal combustion engine."<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shrimp <a href="/wiki/Bottom_trawling" title="Bottom trawling">trawling</a> can capture shrimp in huge volumes by dragging a net along the seafloor. Trawling was first recorded in England in 1376, when King <a href="/wiki/Edward_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward III">Edward III</a> received a request that he ban this new and destructive way of fishing.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1583, the Dutch banned shrimp trawling in estuaries.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1920s, diesel engines were adapted for use in shrimp boats. <a href="/wiki/Power_winch" class="mw-redirect" title="Power winch">Power winches</a> were connected to the engines, and only small crews were needed to rapidly lift heavy nets on board and empty them. Shrimp boats became larger, faster, and more capable. New fishing grounds could be explored, trawls could be deployed in deeper offshore waters, and shrimp could be tracked and caught round the year, instead of seasonally as in earlier times. Larger boats trawled offshore and smaller boats worked bays and estuaries. By the 1960s, steel and fibreglass hulls further strengthened shrimp boats, so they could trawl heavier nets, and steady advances in electronics, radar, sonar, and GPS resulted in more sophisticated and capable shrimp fleets.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As shrimp fishing methods industrialised, parallel changes were happening in the way shrimp were <a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">processed</a>. "In the 19th century, sun dried shrimp were largely replaced by <a href="/wiki/Canned_fish" title="Canned fish">canneries</a>. In the 20th century, the canneries were replaced with freezers."<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1970s, significant <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_farming" title="Shrimp farming">shrimp farming</a> was initiated, particularly in China. The farming accelerated during the 1980s as the quantity of shrimp demand exceeded the quantity supplied, and as excessive <a href="/wiki/Bycatch" title="Bycatch">bycatch</a> and threats to <a href="/wiki/Endangered_sea_turtles" title="Endangered sea turtles">endangered sea turtles</a> became associated with trawling for wild shrimp.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, the production of farmed shrimp exceeded the capture of wild shrimp.<sup id="cite_ref-faostat_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_species">Commercial species</h3></div> <p>Although there are thousands of species of shrimp worldwide, only about 20 of these species are commercially significant. The following table contains the principal commercial shrimp, the seven most harvested species. All of them are decapods; most of them belong to the <a href="/wiki/Dendrobranchiata" title="Dendrobranchiata">Dendrobranchiata</a> and four of them are <a href="/wiki/Penaeid_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Penaeid shrimp">penaeid shrimp</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="13" width="600px">Principal commercial shrimp species </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Group </th> <th rowspan="2">Common name </th> <th rowspan="2">Scientific name </th> <th rowspan="2">Description </th> <th rowspan="2">Max length (mm) </th> <th rowspan="2">Depth (m) </th> <th rowspan="2">Habitat </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/WoRMS" class="mw-redirect" title="WoRMS">WoRMS</a> </th> <th colspan="3">2010 production (thousand tonnes) </th></tr> <tr> <th>wild </th> <th>farmed </th> <th>total </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="6">Dendrobranchiata </th> <td>Whiteleg shrimp </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Litopenaeus_vannamei" class="mw-redirect" title="Litopenaeus vannamei">Litopenaeus vannamei</a></i> <small>(Boone, 1931)</small> </td> <td>The most extensively farmed species of shrimp. </td> <td>230 </td> <td>0–72 </td> <td>marine, estuarine </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">1 </td> <td align="right">2721 </td> <td align="right">2722 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Giant tiger prawn </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Penaeus_monodon" title="Penaeus monodon">Penaeus monodon</a></i> <small>Fabricius, 1798</small> </td> <td> </td> <td>336 </td> <td>0–110 </td> <td>marine, estuarine </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">210 </td> <td align="right">782 </td> <td align="right">992 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Akiami paste shrimp </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Acetes_japonicus" title="Acetes japonicus">Acetes japonicus</a></i> <small>Kishinouye, 1905</small> </td> <td>Most intensively fished species. They are small with black eyes and red spots on the <a href="/wiki/Uropod" title="Uropod">uropods</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Area51_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Area51-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only a small amount is sold fresh, most is <a href="/wiki/Dried_shrimp" title="Dried shrimp">dried</a>, salted or <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermentation (food)">fermented</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Area51_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Area51-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>30 </td> <td>shallow </td> <td>marine </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">574 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">574 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Southern rough shrimp </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Trachysalambria_curvirostris" title="Trachysalambria curvirostris">Trachysalambria curvirostris</a></i> <small>(Stimpson, 1860)</small> </td> <td>Easier to catch at night, and fished only in waters less than 60 m (200 ft) deep.<sup id="cite_ref-FAO2_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO2-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the harvest is landed in China.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>98 </td> <td>13–150 </td> <td>marine </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">294 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">294 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fleshy prawn </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Fenneropenaeus_chinensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Fenneropenaeus chinensis">Fenneropenaeus chinensis</a></i> <small>(Osbeck, 1765)</small> </td> <td>Trawled in Asia where it is sold frozen. Exported to Western Europe. Cultured by Japan and South Korea in ponds.<sup id="cite_ref-FAOchinensis_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAOchinensis-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>183 </td> <td>90–180 </td> <td>marine </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-FAOchinensis_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAOchinensis-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">108 </td> <td align="right">45 </td> <td align="right">153 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Banana prawn </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fenneropenaeus_merguiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fenneropenaeus merguiensis (page does not exist)">Fenneropenaeus merguiensis</a></i> <small>(De Man, 1888)</small> </td> <td>Typically trawled in the wild and frozen, with most catches made by Indonesia. Commercially important in Australia, Pakistan and the Persian Gulf. Cultured in Indonesia and Thailand. In India it tends to be confused with <i><a href="/wiki/Fenneropenaeus_indicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Fenneropenaeus indicus">Fenneropenaeus indicus</a></i>, so its economic status is unclear.<sup id="cite_ref-FAO2583_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO2583-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>240 </td> <td>10–45 </td> <td>marine, estuarine </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-FAO2583_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO2583-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">93 </td> <td align="right">20 </td> <td align="right">113 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Caridea </th> <td>Northern prawn </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Pandalus_borealis" title="Pandalus borealis">Pandalus borealis</a></i> <small>(Krøyer, 1838)</small> </td> <td>Widely fished since the early 1900s in Norway, and later in other countries following <a href="/wiki/Johan_Hjort" title="Johan Hjort">Johan Hjort's</a> practical discoveries of how to locate them. They have a short life which contributes to a variable stock on a yearly basis. They are not considered overfished. </td> <td>165 </td> <td>20–1380 </td> <td>marine </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">361 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">361 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9">All other species </td> <td><div style="float:right;">1490</div> </td> <td><div style="float:right;">220</div> </td> <td><div style="float:right;">1710</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9">Combined total </td> <td align="right">3129 </td> <td align="right">3788 </td> <td align="right">6917 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fishing">Fishing</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fish0809_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Fish0809_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/220px-Fish0809_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Fish0809_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/330px-Fish0809_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Fish0809_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/440px-Fish0809_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1676" data-file-height="1156" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Double-rigged shrimp <a href="/wiki/Fishing_trawler" title="Fishing trawler">trawler</a> with one net up and the other being brought aboard</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banks_shrimper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Banks_shrimper.jpg/220px-Banks_shrimper.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Banks_shrimper.jpg/330px-Banks_shrimper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Banks_shrimper.jpg/440px-Banks_shrimper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Traditional shrimper with a shrimp net</div></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shrimp_and_prawn_capture_time_series.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Shrimp_and_prawn_capture_time_series.png/220px-Shrimp_and_prawn_capture_time_series.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Shrimp_and_prawn_capture_time_series.png/330px-Shrimp_and_prawn_capture_time_series.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Shrimp_and_prawn_capture_time_series.png/440px-Shrimp_and_prawn_capture_time_series.png 2x" data-file-width="1298" data-file-height="803" /></a><figcaption>Global wild capture, 1950–2010, in million tonnes, as reported by the <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a><sup id="cite_ref-faostat_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_fishery" title="Shrimp fishery">Shrimp fishery</a></div> <p>Commercial techniques for <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_fishery" title="Shrimp fishery">catching wild shrimp</a> include <a href="/wiki/Bottom_trawling#Otter_trawling" title="Bottom trawling">otter trawls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seine_fishing" title="Seine fishing">seines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_baiting" title="Shrimp baiting">shrimp baiting</a>. A system of nets is used when <a href="/wiki/Trawling" title="Trawling">trawling</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fishing_bait" title="Fishing bait">Baited</a> <a href="/wiki/Fish_trap" title="Fish trap">traps</a> are common in parts of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a>. </p><p>Shrimp trawling can result in very high <a href="/wiki/Incidental_catch" title="Incidental catch">incidental catch</a> rates of non-target species. In 1997, the <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a> found discard rates up to 20 pounds for every pound of shrimp. The world average was 5.7 pounds for every pound of shrimp.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trawling" title="Trawling">Trawl nets</a> in general, and shrimp trawls in particular, have been identified as sources of mortality for species of <a href="/wiki/Finfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Finfish">finfish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cetaceans" class="mw-redirect" title="Cetaceans">cetaceans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SAFMC_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAFMC-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bycatch is often discarded dead or dying by the time it is returned to the sea, and may alter the ecological balance in discarded regions.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Worldwide, shrimp trawl fisheries generate about 2% of the world's catch of fish in weight, but result in more than one third of the global bycatch total. </p><p>The most extensively fished species are the <a href="/wiki/Acetes" title="Acetes">akiami paste shrimp</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pandalus_borealis" title="Pandalus borealis">northern prawn</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Southern_rough_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern rough shrimp">southern rough shrimp</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Giant_tiger_prawn" class="mw-redirect" title="Giant tiger prawn">giant tiger prawn</a>. Together these four species account for nearly half of the total wild capture. In recent years, the global capture of wild shrimp has been overtaken by the harvest from farmed shrimp.<sup id="cite_ref-faostat_59-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Farming">Farming</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shrimp_hatchery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Shrimp_hatchery.jpg/220px-Shrimp_hatchery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Shrimp_hatchery.jpg/330px-Shrimp_hatchery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Shrimp_hatchery.jpg/440px-Shrimp_hatchery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Tanks in a shrimp <a href="/wiki/Fish_hatchery" title="Fish hatchery">hatchery</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg/220px-Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg/330px-Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg/440px-Penaeus_vannamei_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1787" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The <a href="/wiki/Whiteleg_shrimp" title="Whiteleg shrimp">whiteleg shrimp</a> (juvenile shown) has become the preferred species for shrimp farming.</div></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shrimp_and_prawn_aquaculture_time_series.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Shrimp_and_prawn_aquaculture_time_series.png/220px-Shrimp_and_prawn_aquaculture_time_series.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Shrimp_and_prawn_aquaculture_time_series.png/330px-Shrimp_and_prawn_aquaculture_time_series.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Shrimp_and_prawn_aquaculture_time_series.png/440px-Shrimp_and_prawn_aquaculture_time_series.png 2x" data-file-width="1282" data-file-height="762" /></a><figcaption>Global aquaculture production 1970–2009, in million tonnes, as reported by the <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a><sup id="cite_ref-faostat_59-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_farming" title="Shrimp farming">Shrimp farming</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prawn_farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Prawn farming">Prawn farming</a></div> <p>A shrimp farm is an <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">aquaculture</a> business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns for human consumption. Commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a>. The total global production of farmed shrimp reached more than 1.6 million <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">tonnes</a> in 2003, representing a value of nearly 9 billion <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">U.S. dollars</a>. About 75% of farmed shrimp are produced in <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, in particular in <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. The other 25% are produced mainly in <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> is the largest producer. By 2016, the largest exporting nation is India, followed by Ecuador, Thailand, Indonesia and China.<sup id="cite_ref-FAO-shrimp_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO-shrimp-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As can be seen from the global production chart on the left, significant aquaculture production started slowly in the 1970s and then rapidly expanded during the 1980s. After a lull in growth during the 1990s, due to pathogens, production took off again and by 2007 exceeded the capture from wild fisheries. By 2010, the aquaculture harvest was 3.9 million tonnes, compared to 3.1 million tonnes for the capture of wild shrimp.<sup id="cite_ref-faostat_59-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the earlier years of marine shrimp farming the preferred species was the large <a href="/wiki/Giant_tiger_prawn" class="mw-redirect" title="Giant tiger prawn">giant tiger prawn</a>. This species is reared in circular holding tanks where they think they are in the open ocean, and swim in "never ending migration" around the circumference of the tank.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2000, global production was 630,984 tonnes, compared to only 146,362 tonnes for <a href="/wiki/Whiteleg_shrimp" title="Whiteleg shrimp">whiteleg shrimp</a>. Subsequently, these positions reversed, and by 2010 the production of giant tiger prawn increased modestly to 781,581 tonnes while whiteleg shrimp rocketed nearly twenty-fold to 2,720,929 tonnes.<sup id="cite_ref-faostat_59-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Whiteleg_shrimp" title="Whiteleg shrimp">whiteleg shrimp</a> is currently the dominant species in shrimp farming. It is a moderately large shrimp reaching a total length of 230 mm (9"), and is particularly suited to farming because it "breeds well in captivity, can be stocked at small sizes, grows fast and at uniform rates, has comparatively low protein requirements... and adapts well to variable environmental conditions."<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In China, prawns are cultured along with <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_of_sea_cucumber" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquaculture of sea cucumber">sea cucumbers</a> and some fish species, in <a href="/wiki/Integrated_multi-trophic_aquaculture" title="Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture">integrated multi-trophic systems</a>. </p><p>The major producer of farmed shrimp is China. Other significant producers are Thailand, Indonesia, India, Vietnam, Brazil, Ecuador and Bangladesh. Most farmed shrimp is exported to the United States, the European Union and Japan,<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also other Asian markets, including South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore.<sup id="cite_ref-FAO-shrimp_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO-shrimp-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Investigations by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> in 2014 and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Associated_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="The Associated Press">The Associated Press</a></i> in 2015 found <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights abuse">human rights abuses</a> on fishing boats operated by Thailand. The boats are manned with <a href="/wiki/Slavery#Contemporary_slavery" title="Slavery">slaves</a>, and catch shrimp and fish (including fish for the production of <a href="/wiki/Fishmeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishmeal">fishmeal</a> which is fed to farmed prawns).<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> has challenged the sustainability of tropical shrimp farming practices on the grounds that farming these species "has led to the destruction of vast areas of <a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">mangroves</a> in several countries [and] over-fishing of juvenile shrimp from the wild to supply farms." Greenpeace has placed a number of the prominent tropical shrimp species that are farmed commercially on its seafood red list, including the <a href="/wiki/Whiteleg_shrimp" title="Whiteleg shrimp">whiteleg shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_prawn" title="Indian prawn">Indian prawn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giant_tiger_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Giant tiger shrimp">giant tiger shrimp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-greenpeace_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenpeace-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is also evidence that shrimps, like other crustaceans, <a href="/wiki/Pain_in_crustaceans" title="Pain in crustaceans">can feel pain</a>. Common welfare concerns include water pollution, high population densities, and the spread of diseases. Additionally, many female shrimps <a href="/wiki/Eyestalk_ablation" title="Eyestalk ablation">have their eyes cut</a> without anesthetic in order to induce maturation of the ovaries.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_food">As food</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Camaron.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Camaron.jpg/220px-Camaron.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Camaron.jpg/330px-Camaron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Camaron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="366" data-file-height="503" /></a><figcaption>Shrimp tail ready for eating</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_as_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrimp as food">Shrimp as food</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikibooks <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook">Cookbook</a> has a recipe/module on <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left: 1.6em;"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:shrimp" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:shrimp"> shrimp</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></div></div> </div> <p>Shrimp are <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_marketing" title="Shrimp marketing">marketed</a> and commercialized with several issues in mind. Most shrimp are sold frozen and marketed based on their categorization of presentation, grading, colour, and uniformity.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shrimp have high levels of <a href="/wiki/Omega-3_fatty_acid" title="Omega-3 fatty acid">omega-3 fatty acids</a> and low levels of <a href="/wiki/Mercury_in_fish" title="Mercury in fish">mercury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usually shrimp is sold whole, though sometimes only the <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_meat" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrimp meat">meat of shrimp</a> is marketed. </p><p>As with other seafood, shrimp is high in <a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">calcium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iodine" title="Iodine">iodine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> but low in <a href="/wiki/Food_energy" title="Food energy">food energy</a>. A shrimp-based meal is also a significant source of <a href="/wiki/Cholesterol" title="Cholesterol">cholesterol</a>, from 122 <a href="/wiki/Milligram" class="mw-redirect" title="Milligram">mg</a> to 251 mg per 100 <a href="/wiki/Gram" title="Gram">g</a> of shrimp, depending on the method of preparation.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shrimp consumption, however, is considered healthy for the circulatory system because the lack of significant levels of saturated fat in shrimp means that the high cholesterol content in shrimp improves the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol and lowers <a href="/wiki/Triglycerides" class="mw-redirect" title="Triglycerides">triglycerides</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Ebiko</i> - shrimp <a href="/wiki/Roe" title="Roe">roe</a>, sometimes translated as "shrimp flakes" - is used as one of the ingredients in the preparation of <a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">sushi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shrimp and other <a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a> are among the most common <a href="/wiki/Food_allergy" title="Food allergy">food allergens</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are not <a href="/wiki/Kosher" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosher">kosher</a> and thus are forbidden in <a href="/wiki/Jewish_cuisine" title="Jewish cuisine">Jewish cuisine</a>. </p><p>Since the early 2020s, <a href="/wiki/Plant-based_diet" title="Plant-based diet">plant-based</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cultured_meat" title="Cultured meat">cultured</a> alternatives to shrimps have emerged and have been rapidly improving.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aquaria">Aquaria</h3></div> <p>Several types of shrimp are kept in home <a href="/wiki/Aquarium" title="Aquarium">aquaria</a>. Some are purely ornamental, while others are useful in controlling algae and removing debris.<sup id="cite_ref-kribshrimp_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kribshrimp-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Freshwater shrimp commonly available for aquaria include the <a href="/wiki/Bamboo_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Bamboo shrimp">Bamboo shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caridina_multidentata" title="Caridina multidentata">Japanese marsh shrimp</a> (<i>Caridina multidentata,</i> also called "Amano shrimp," as their use in aquaria was pioneered by <a href="/wiki/Takashi_Amano_(aquarist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Takashi Amano (aquarist)">Takashi Amano</a>), <a href="/wiki/Cherry_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherry shrimp">cherry shrimp</a> (<i>Neocaridina heteropoda</i>), and ghost or glass shrimp (<i><a href="/wiki/Palaemonetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaemonetes">Palaemonetes</a></i> spp.). Popular saltwater shrimp include the cleaner shrimp <i><a href="/wiki/Lysmata_amboinensis" title="Lysmata amboinensis">Lysmata amboinensis</a></i>, the fire shrimp (<i><a href="/wiki/Lysmata_debelius" title="Lysmata debelius">Lysmata debelius</a></i>) and the harlequin shrimp (<i><a href="/wiki/Hymenocera_picta" class="mw-redirect" title="Hymenocera picta">Hymenocera picta</a></i>). </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="text-align: left;"> <tbody><tr> <th width="600px">Freshwater aquaria variant shrimp come in many colours </th></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:688px;max-width:688px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Caridina-cf-cantonensis-snow-white.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-snow-white.jpg/220px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-snow-white.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-snow-white.jpg/330px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-snow-white.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-snow-white.jpg/440px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-snow-white.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="767" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The <i><a href="/wiki/Caridina_cantonensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Caridina cantonensis">Caridina cantonensis</a></i> snow white shrimp is a white freshwater shrimp.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neocaridina-heteropoda-var-red.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Neocaridina-heteropoda-var-red.jpg/220px-Neocaridina-heteropoda-var-red.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Neocaridina-heteropoda-var-red.jpg/330px-Neocaridina-heteropoda-var-red.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Neocaridina-heteropoda-var-red.jpg/440px-Neocaridina-heteropoda-var-red.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The "<a href="/wiki/Neocaridina_heteropoda_var._red" class="mw-redirect" title="Neocaridina heteropoda var. red"><i>Neocaridina heteropoda</i> var. <i>red</i></a>" cherry shrimp is particularly easy to keep and breed.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:238px;max-width:238px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neocaridina-cf-zhanghjiajiensis-var-blue-pearl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Neocaridina-cf-zhanghjiajiensis-var-blue-pearl.jpg/236px-Neocaridina-cf-zhanghjiajiensis-var-blue-pearl.jpg" decoding="async" width="236" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Neocaridina-cf-zhanghjiajiensis-var-blue-pearl.jpg/354px-Neocaridina-cf-zhanghjiajiensis-var-blue-pearl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Neocaridina-cf-zhanghjiajiensis-var-blue-pearl.jpg/472px-Neocaridina-cf-zhanghjiajiensis-var-blue-pearl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="714" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The "<a href="/wiki/Neocaridina_zhanghjiajiensis_var._blue" class="mw-redirect" title="Neocaridina zhanghjiajiensis var. blue"><i>Neocaridina zhanghjiajiensis</i> var. <i>blue</i></a>" pearl shrimp is closely related to the <a href="/wiki/Cherry_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherry shrimp">cherry shrimp</a>.</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:690px;max-width:690px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:225px;max-width:225px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Caridina-cf-cantonensis-tiger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-tiger.jpg/223px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-tiger.jpg" decoding="async" width="223" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-tiger.jpg/335px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-tiger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-tiger.jpg/446px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-tiger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The <i><a href="/wiki/Caridina_cantonensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Caridina cantonensis">Caridina cantonensis</a></i> tiger shrimp is transparent with black stripes.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:239px;max-width:239px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-tiger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-tiger.jpg/237px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-tiger.jpg" decoding="async" width="237" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-tiger.jpg/356px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-tiger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-tiger.jpg/474px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-tiger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="645" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The <i><a href="/wiki/Caridina_cantonensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Caridina cantonensis">Caridina cantonensis</a></i> red tiger shrimp is transparent with red stripes and is found in southern China.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:220px;max-width:220px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-bee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-bee.jpg/218px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-bee.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-bee.jpg/327px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-bee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-bee.jpg/436px-Caridina-cf-cantonensis-red-bee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="707" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The popular <i><a href="/wiki/Caridina_cantonensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Caridina cantonensis">Caridina cantonensis</a></i> crystal red bee shrimp has broad red and white stripes.</div></div></div></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shrimp_versus_prawn"><i>Shrimp</i> versus <i>prawn</i></h2></div> <p>The terms <i>shrimp</i> and <i>prawn</i> are <a href="/wiki/Common_name" title="Common name">common names</a>, not <a href="/wiki/Scientific_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific name">scientific names</a>. They are <a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">vernacular</a> or <a href="/wiki/Colloquial" class="mw-redirect" title="Colloquial">colloquial</a> terms, which lack the formal definition of <a href="/wiki/Scientific_terms" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific terms">scientific terms</a>. They are not <a href="/wiki/Taxa" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxa">taxa</a>, but are terms of convenience with little <a href="/wiki/Circumscriptional_name" title="Circumscriptional name">circumscriptional</a> significance. There is no reason to avoid using the terms <i>shrimp</i> or <i>prawn</i> when convenient, but it is important not to confuse them with the names or relationships of actual taxa.<sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the crustacean taxonomist Tin-Yam Chan, "The terms <i>shrimp</i> and <i>prawn</i> have no definite reference to any known taxonomic groups. Although the term <i>shrimp</i> is sometimes applied to smaller species, while <i>prawn</i> is more often used for larger forms, there is no clear distinction between both terms and their usage is often confused or even reverse in different countries or regions."<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writing in 1980, <a href="/wiki/L._B._Holthuis" class="mw-redirect" title="L. B. Holthuis">L. B. Holthuis</a> noted that the terms <i>prawn</i> and <i>shrimp</i> were used inconsistently "even within a single region", generalising that larger species fished commercially were generally called <i>shrimp</i> in the United States, and <i>prawns</i> in other English-speaking countries, although not without exceptions.<sup id="cite_ref-FAOcatintro_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAOcatintro-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Macrobrachium_carcinus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Macrobrachium_carcinus.jpg/220px-Macrobrachium_carcinus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Macrobrachium_carcinus.jpg/330px-Macrobrachium_carcinus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Macrobrachium_carcinus.jpg/440px-Macrobrachium_carcinus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2554" data-file-height="1916" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Bigclaw_river_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Bigclaw river shrimp">bigclaw river shrimp</a>. Prawns are sometimes said to be large shrimp or alternatively freshwater shrimp, but this large, freshwater creature is a <a href="/wiki/Caridean_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Caridean shrimp">caridean shrimp</a>, and is rarely referred to as a prawn.</figcaption></figure> <p>A lot of confusion surrounds the scope of the term <i>shrimp</i>. Part of the confusion originates with the association of smallness. That creates problems with shrimp-like species that are not small. The expression "jumbo shrimp" can be viewed as an oxymoron, a problem that does not exist with the commercial designation "jumbo prawns".<sup id="cite_ref-Blumenfeld1986_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blumenfeld1986-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <i>shrimp</i> originated around the 14th century with the <a href="/wiki/Middle_English" title="Middle English">Middle English</a> <i><span title="Middle English (1100-1500)-language text"><i lang="enm">shrimpe</i></span></i>, akin to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Low_German" title="Middle Low German">Middle Low German</a> <i><span title="Middle Low German-language text"><i lang="gml">schrempen</i></span></i>, and meaning to contract or wrinkle; and the <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> <i><span title="Old Norse-language text"><i lang="non">skorpna</i></span></i>, meaning to shrivel up, or <i>skreppa</i>, meaning a thin person.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not clear where the term <i>prawn</i> originated, but early forms of the word surfaced in England in the early 15th century as <i>prayne, praine</i> and <i>prane</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the linguist <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Liberman" title="Anatoly Liberman">Anatoly Liberman</a> it is unclear how <i>shrimp</i>, in English, came to be associated with <i>small</i>. "No Germanic language associates the shrimp with its size... The same holds for Romance... it remains unclear in what circumstances the name was applied to the crustacean."<sup id="cite_ref-Liberman1_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liberman1-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taxonomic studies in Europe on shrimp and prawns were shaped by the <a href="/wiki/Common_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Common shrimp">common shrimp</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Common_prawn" class="mw-redirect" title="Common prawn">common prawn</a>, both found in huge numbers along the European coastlines. The common shrimp, <i>Crangon crangon</i>, was categorised in 1758 by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a>, and the common prawn, <i><a href="/wiki/Palaemon_serratus" title="Palaemon serratus">Palaemon serratus</a></i>, was categorised in 1777 by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pennant" title="Thomas Pennant">Thomas Pennant</a>. The common shrimp is a small burrowing species aligned with the notion of a shrimp as being something small, whereas the common prawn is much larger. The terms <i>true shrimp</i> or <i>true prawn</i> are sometimes used to mean what a particular person thinks is a shrimp or prawn.<sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This varies with the person using the terms. But such terms are not normally used in the scientific literature, because the terms <i>shrimp</i> and <i>prawn</i> themselves lack scientific standing. Over the years the way <i>shrimp</i> and <i>prawn</i> are used has changed, and nowadays the terms are almost interchangeable. Although from time to time some biologists declare that certain common names should be confined to specific taxa, the popular use of these names seems to continue unchanged.<sup id="cite_ref-Mortenson_12-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Richardson1958_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richardson1958-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fossils">Fossils</h2></div> <p>Only 57 exclusively fossil species are known in the shrimp <a href="/wiki/Fossil_record" class="mw-redirect" title="Fossil record">fossil record</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Grave_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grave-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest dates from the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Jurassic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Jurassic">Lower Jurassic</a>, followed by specimens from the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charybdis_japonica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Charybdis_japonica.jpg/32px-Charybdis_japonica.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Charybdis_japonica.jpg/48px-Charybdis_japonica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Charybdis_japonica.jpg/64px-Charybdis_japonica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Crustaceans" title="Portal:Crustaceans">Crustaceans portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cercophonius_squama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cercophonius_squama.jpg/32px-Cercophonius_squama.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cercophonius_squama.jpg/48px-Cercophonius_squama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cercophonius_squama.jpg/64px-Cercophonius_squama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1974" data-file-height="1606" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arthropods" title="Portal:Arthropods">Arthropods portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_crustaceans" title="Pain in crustaceans">Pain in crustaceans</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/542046/shrimp">Shrimp</a> <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. Retrieved 20 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rudloe & Rudloe (2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rudloe1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe1_3-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rudloe & Rudloe (2009), pp. 15–26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/faq/">"A bouillabaisse of fascinating facts about fish"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">NOAA</a>: <a href="/wiki/National_Marine_Fisheries_Service" title="National Marine Fisheries Service">National Marine Fisheries Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+bouillabaisse+of+fascinating+facts+about+fish&rft.pub=NOAA%3A+National+Marine+Fisheries+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nefsc.noaa.gov%2Ffaq%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gracia1996-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gracia1996_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._Gracia1996" class="citation journal cs1">A. Gracia (1996). "White shrimp (<i>Penaeus setiferus</i>) recruitment overfishing". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_and_Freshwater_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine and Freshwater Research (page does not exist)">Marine and Freshwater Research</a></i>. <b>47</b> (1): 59–65. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1071%2FMF9960059">10.1071/MF9960059</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=White+shrimp+%28Penaeus+setiferus%29+recruitment+overfishing&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=59-65&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1071%2FMF9960059&rft.au=A.+Gracia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bauer-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bauer, 2004, Chapter 1, pp. 3–14,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120728130927/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/shrimp">Shrimp</a> <i>Oxford Dictionaries</i>. Retrieved 18 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120720092522/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/prawn">Prawn</a> <i>Oxford Dictionaries</i>. Retrieved 18 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bauer1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer1_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer1_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bauer, 2004, Chapter 1, pp. 3–14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bauer2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer2_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer2_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer2_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer2_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer2_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer2_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauer2_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bauer, 2004, Chapter 2, pp. 15–35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RDecapods-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RDecapods_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RDecapods_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RDecapods_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ruppert <i>et al.</i> (2004), pp. 628–650.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mortenson-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mortenson_12-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mortenson, Philip B (2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/thisisnotweasel00phil"><i>This is not a weasel: a close look at nature's most confusing terms</i></a> Pages 106–109, John Wiley & Sons. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780471273967" title="Special:BookSources/9780471273967">9780471273967</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TeAra-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TeAra_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TeAra_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, Niel and Alison MacDiarmid (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/crabs-crayfish-and-other-crustaceans/5">"Crabs, crayfish and other crustaceans – Lobsters, prawns and krill"</a> Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 2 March 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ward_(paleontologist)" title="Peter Ward (paleontologist)">Ward, Peter</a> (2006) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z6iG67mkfZoC&dq=crabs+evolved+from+shrimp&pg=PA219"><i>Out of Thin Air: Dinosaurs, Birds, and Earth's Ancient Atmosphere</i></a> page 219, National Academies Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780309141239" title="Special:BookSources/9780309141239">9780309141239</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boßelmann-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Boßelmann_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoßelmannP._RomanobH._FabritiusbD._Raabeb2007" class="citation journal cs1">Boßelmann, F.; P. Romanob; H. Fabritiusb; D. Raabeb; M. Epple (October 2007). "The composition of the exoskeleton of two crustacea: The American lobster Homarus americanus and the edible crab Cancer pagurus". <i>Thermochimica Acta</i>. <b>463</b> (1–2): 65–68. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tca.2007.07.018">10.1016/j.tca.2007.07.018</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thermochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+composition+of+the+exoskeleton+of+two+crustacea%3A+The+American+lobster+Homarus+americanus+and+the+edible+crab+Cancer+pagurus.&rft.volume=463&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=65-68&rft.date=2007-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.tca.2007.07.018&rft.aulast=Bo%C3%9Felmann&rft.aufirst=F.&rft.au=P.+Romanob&rft.au=H.+Fabritiusb&rft.au=D.+Raabeb&rft.au=M.+Epple&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chace-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chace_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chace_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chace_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chace_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFenner_A._Chace,_Jr._&_Donald_P._Abbott1980" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Fenner_A._Chace,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Fenner A. Chace, Jr.">Fenner A. Chace, Jr.</a> & Donald P. Abbott (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NAybxQZvWI0C&pg=PA567">"Caridea: the shrimps"</a>. In Robert Hugh Morris, Donald Putnam Abbott & Eugene Clinton Haderlie (ed.). <i>Intertidal Invertebrates of California</i>. <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a>. pp. 567–576. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-1045-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-1045-9"><bdi>978-0-8047-1045-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Caridea%3A+the+shrimps&rft.btitle=Intertidal+Invertebrates+of+California&rft.pages=567-576&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-1045-9&rft.au=Fenner+A.+Chace%2C+Jr.+%26+Donald+P.+Abbott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNAybxQZvWI0C%26pg%3DPA567&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EBdecapod-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EBdecapod_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/154914/decapod">Decapod</a> <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. Retrieved 20 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-freshwater-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-freshwater_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._De_Grave,_Y._Cai_&_A._Anker2008" class="citation book cs1">S. De Grave, Y. Cai & A. Anker (January 2008). Estelle Virginia Balian; C. Lévêque; H. Segers; K. Martens (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Dw4H6DBHnAgC&pg=PA287"><i>Global diversity of shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) in freshwater</i></a>. Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment. Vol. 595. <a href="/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media" title="Springer Science+Business Media">Springer</a>. pp. 287–293. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10750-007-9024-2">10.1007/s10750-007-9024-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-8258-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-8258-0"><bdi>978-1-4020-8258-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22945163">22945163</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Global+diversity+of+shrimps+%28Crustacea%3A+Decapoda%3A+Caridea%29+in+freshwater&rft.series=Freshwater+Animal+Diversity+Assessment&rft.pages=287-293&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2008-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A22945163%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10750-007-9024-2&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-8258-0&rft.au=S.+De+Grave%2C+Y.+Cai+%26+A.+Anker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDw4H6DBHnAgC%26pg%3DPA287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruce,_A.J.1993" class="citation journal cs1">Bruce, A.J. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03946975.1993.10539218">"The occurrence of the semi-terrestrial shrimps Merguia oligodon (De Man 1888) and M. rhizophorae (Rathbun 1900) (Crustacea Decapoda Hippolytidae) in Africa"</a>. <i>Tropical Zoology</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 179–187. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993TrZoo...6..179B">1993TrZoo...6..179B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03946975.1993.10539218">10.1080/03946975.1993.10539218</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tropical+Zoology&rft.atitle=The+occurrence+of+the+semi-terrestrial+shrimps+Merguia+oligodon+%28De+Man+1888%29+and+M.+rhizophorae+%28Rathbun+1900%29+%28Crustacea+Decapoda+Hippolytidae%29+in+Africa&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=179-187&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F03946975.1993.10539218&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1993TrZoo...6..179B&rft.au=Bruce%2C+A.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F03946975.1993.10539218&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVannini,_M.A._Oluoch1993" class="citation journal cs1">Vannini, M.; A. Oluoch (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03946975.1993.10539228">"Notes on Merguia oligodon (De Man 1888) the Indo-Pacific semi-terrestrial shrimp (Hippolytidae Natantia)"</a>. <i>Tropical Zoology</i>. <b>6</b> (2): 281–286. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993TrZoo...6..281V">1993TrZoo...6..281V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03946975.1993.10539228">10.1080/03946975.1993.10539228</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tropical+Zoology&rft.atitle=Notes+on+Merguia+oligodon+%28De+Man+1888%29+the+Indo-Pacific+semi-terrestrial+shrimp+%28Hippolytidae+Natantia%29&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=281-286&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F03946975.1993.10539228&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1993TrZoo...6..281V&rft.au=Vannini%2C+M.&rft.au=A.+Oluoch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F03946975.1993.10539228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Snyderman, Marty and Wiseman, Clay (1996) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dyDiNyKSuiUC&dq=%22Pederson%27s+shrimp%22&pg=PT116"><i>Guide to Marine Life: Caribbean, Bahamas, Florida</i></a> Aqua Quest Publications. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781881652069" title="Special:BookSources/9781881652069">9781881652069</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-multiple-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-multiple_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._AnkerS._T._AhyongP._Y._NoelA._R._Palmer2006" class="citation journal cs1">A. 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Retrieved 20 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://museumvictoria.com.au/discoverycentre/infosheets/what-is-the-difference-between-prawns-and-shrimp/">What's the difference between a prawn and a shrimp?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120815111054/http://museumvictoria.com.au/discoverycentre/infosheets/what-is-the-difference-between-prawns-and-shrimp/">Archived</a> 2012-08-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Museum Victoria</i>. Retrieved 24 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DeGrave2011-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DeGrave2011_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeGrave2011_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._De_Grave_&_C._H._J._M._Fransen2011" class="citation book cs1">S. De Grave & C. H. J. M. Fransen (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121220093841/http://www.zoologischemededelingen.nl/85/nr02/a01"><i>Carideorum Catalogus: the Recent species of the dendrobranchiate, stenopodidean, procarididean and caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda)</i></a>. Vol. 85. pp. 195–589, figs. 1–59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-6519-200-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-6519-200-4"><bdi>978-90-6519-200-4</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zoologischemededelingen.nl/85/nr02/a01">the original</a> on 2012-12-20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Carideorum+Catalogus%3A+the+Recent+species+of+the+dendrobranchiate%2C+stenopodidean%2C+procarididean+and+caridean+shrimps+%28Crustacea%3A+Decapoda%29&rft.pages=195-589%2C+figs.+1-59&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-90-6519-200-4&rft.au=S.+De+Grave+%26+C.+H.+J.+M.+Fransen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zoologischemededelingen.nl%2F85%2Fnr02%2Fa01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baeur, 2004, p.4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palaeos3-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Palaeos3_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Palaeos3_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palaeos.com/metazoa/arthropoda/decapoda/decapoda.html">Decapoda</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Palaeos" title="Palaeos">Palaeos</a></i>. Retrieved 20 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grave-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grave_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grave_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grave_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSammy_De_GraveN._Dean_PentcheffShane_T._Ahyong2009" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Sammy De Grave; N. Dean Pentcheff; Shane T. Ahyong; et al. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606064728/http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s21/s21rbz1-109.pdf">"A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Raffles_Bulletin_of_Zoology" class="mw-redirect" title="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</a></i>. Suppl. 21: 1–109. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s21/s21rbz1-109.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-06-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Raffles+Bulletin+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=A+classification+of+living+and+fossil+genera+of+decapod+crustaceans&rft.volume=Suppl.+21&rft.pages=1-109&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Sammy+De+Grave&rft.au=N.+Dean+Pentcheff&rft.au=Shane+T.+Ahyong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frmbr.nus.edu.sg%2Frbz%2Fbiblio%2Fs21%2Fs21rbz1-109.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/aquaculture/spec-term-n.asp?id_glo=17673&id_lang=TERMS_E&lang=en">Shrimp</a> <i>Glossary of aquaculture</i>. Retrieved 24 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Codex Alimentarius Commission (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/011/a1553e/a1553e00.pdf"><i>Codex Alimentarius: Code of practice for fish and fishery products</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> Page 10, Joint FAO and WHO Food Standards Programme, Rome. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-5-105914-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-5-105914-2">978-92-5-105914-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">FAO species catalogue (1980) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/ac477e/ac477e02.pdf">Introduction</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Raabe-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Raabe_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raabe_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_RaabeLinda_Raabe2008" class="citation web cs1">Charles Raabe & Linda Raabe (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chucksaddiction.thefishestate.net/shrimpanatomy.html">"The Caridean shrimp: Shrimp Anatomy – Illustrations and Glossary"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Caridean+shrimp%3A+Shrimp+Anatomy+%E2%80%93+Illustrations+and+Glossary&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Charles+Raabe&rft.au=Linda+Raabe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchucksaddiction.thefishestate.net%2Fshrimpanatomy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChow_S,_Sandifer_PA2001" class="citation journal cs1">Chow S, Sandifer PA (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fsf.fra.affrc.go.jp/chow/paper/PalaemonSpermEgg.pdf">"Sperm–egg interaction in the palaemonid shrimp Palaemonetes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Fisheries Science</i>. <b>67</b>: 370–372. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1444-2906.2001.00255.x">10.1046/j.1444-2906.2001.00255.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Science&rft.atitle=Sperm%E2%80%93egg+interaction+in+the+palaemonid+shrimp+Palaemonetes&rft.volume=67&rft.pages=370-372&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1046%2Fj.1444-2906.2001.00255.x&rft.au=Chow+S%2C+Sandifer+PA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffsf.fra.affrc.go.jp%2Fchow%2Fpaper%2FPalaemonSpermEgg.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lipke B. Holthuis (1980) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/ac477e/ac477e03.pdf">"Systematic catalogue of species"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> Chapter 2, page 1. In: <i>Shrimps and prawns of the world</i>, Volume I of the FAO species catalogue, Fisheries synopsis <b>125</b>, Rome. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/92-5-100896-5" title="Special:BookSources/92-5-100896-5">92-5-100896-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50288585?query_type=word&queryword=yabby&first=1&max_to_show=10&sort_type=alpha&result_place=1&search_id=56QR-RvFgUX-9957&hilite=50288585">"Yabby"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary"><i>Oxford English Dictionary</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Yabby&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.oed.com%2Fcgi%2Fentry%2F50288585%3Fquery_type%3Dword%26queryword%3Dyabby%26first%3D1%26max_to_show%3D10%26sort_type%3Dalpha%26result_place%3D1%26search_id%3D56QR-RvFgUX-9957%26hilite%3D50288585&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marin J <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c10/e5-05-02-03.pdf">"Shrimps and Krill"</a> <i>Fisheries and Aquaculture – Volume 2</i>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life_Support_Systems" title="Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems">Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems</a>, UNESCO.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVolker_Siegel2011" class="citation web cs1">Volker Siegel (2011). Siegel V (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110671">"Euphausiidae Dana, 1852"</a>. <i>World Euphausiacea database</i>. <a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">World Register of Marine Species</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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William Benjamin Carpenter) (1851). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fPvRAAAAMAAJ">"Crustacean Entomostraca (Müller)"</a>. <i>The animal kingdom: arranged after its organization, forming a natural history of animals, and an introduction to comparative anatomy</i>. W. S. 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In Douglas Grant Smith (ed.). <i>Pennak's Freshwater Invertebrates of the United States: Porifera to Crustacea</i> (4th ed.). <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_and_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley and Sons">John Wiley and Sons</a>. pp. 427–452. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-35837-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-35837-4"><bdi>978-0-471-35837-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phyllopodous+Branchiopoda+%28fairy%2C+tadpole%2C+and+clam+shrimps%29&rft.btitle=Pennak%27s+Freshwater+Invertebrates+of+the+United+States%3A+Porifera+to+Crustacea&rft.pages=427-452&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-471-35837-4&rft.au=Douglas+Grant+Smith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGqIctb8IqPoC%26pg%3DPA435&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenton_Belk2007" class="citation book cs1">Denton Belk (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=64jgZ1CfmB8C&pg=PA417">"Branchiopoda"</a>. In Sol Felty Light; James T. Carlton (eds.). <i>The Light and Smith Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon</i> (4th ed.). <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. pp. 414–417. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-23939-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-23939-5"><bdi>978-0-520-23939-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Branchiopoda&rft.btitle=The+Light+and+Smith+Manual%3A+Intertidal+Invertebrates+from+Central+California+to+Oregon&rft.pages=414-417&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-520-23939-5&rft.au=Denton+Belk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D64jgZ1CfmB8C%26pg%3DPA417&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gooderham, John and Tsyrlin, Edward (2002) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SePKCqklG0oC&dq=%22Tadpole+shrimp%22+legs&pg=PA76"><i>The Waterbug Book: A Guide to the Freshwater Macroinvertebrates of Temperate Australia</i></a> Page 76, Csiro Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780643099715" title="Special:BookSources/9780643099715">9780643099715</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-malacostracan" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=malacostracan">"malacostracan"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=malacostracan&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dmalacostracan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rich-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rich_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatricia_Vickers_Rich,_Mildred_Adams_Fenton,_Carroll_Lane_Fenton_&_Thomas_Hewitt_Rich1996" class="citation book cs1">Patricia Vickers Rich, <a href="/wiki/Mildred_Adams_Fenton" title="Mildred Adams Fenton">Mildred Adams Fenton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carroll_Lane_Fenton" title="Carroll Lane Fenton">Carroll Lane Fenton</a> & Thomas Hewitt Rich (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_ntSspji0LYC&pg=PA217">"Crustaceans"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fossilbookrecor00rich/page/213"><i>The Fossil Book: a Record of Prehistoric Life</i></a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Courier_Dover_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Courier Dover Publications">Courier Dover Publications</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fossilbookrecor00rich/page/213">213–221</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-486-29371-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-486-29371-4"><bdi>978-0-486-29371-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Crustaceans&rft.btitle=The+Fossil+Book%3A+a+Record+of+Prehistoric+Life&rft.pages=213-221&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Courier+Dover+Publications&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-486-29371-4&rft.au=Patricia+Vickers+Rich%2C+Mildred+Adams+Fenton%2C+Carroll+Lane+Fenton+%26+Thomas+Hewitt+Rich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_ntSspji0LYC%26pg%3DPA217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mauchline-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mauchline_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mauchline_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._Mauchline1980" class="citation book cs1">J. Mauchline (1980). J. H. S. Blaxter; <a href="/wiki/F._S._Russell" class="mw-redirect" title="F. S. Russell">F. S. Russell</a>; M. Yonge (eds.). <i>The Biology of Mysids and Euphausiids</i>. Advances in Marine Biology. Vol. 18. <a href="/wiki/Academic_Press" title="Academic Press">Academic Press</a>. pp. 1–680. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-057941-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-057941-2"><bdi>978-0-08-057941-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Biology+of+Mysids+and+Euphausiids&rft.series=Advances+in+Marine+Biology&rft.pages=1-680&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-08-057941-2&rft.au=J.+Mauchline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Voss2002-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Voss2002_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Voss2002_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Voss2002_54-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert_L._Voss2002" class="citation book cs1">Gilbert L. Voss (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scXKvA97b24C">"Order Stomatopoda: Mantis shrimp or thumb splitters"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/seashorelifeoffl00gilb/page/120"><i>Seashore Life of Florida and the Caribbean</i></a>. Dover pictorial archive series. <a href="/wiki/Courier_Dover_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Courier Dover Publications">Courier Dover Publications</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/seashorelifeoffl00gilb/page/120">120–122</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-486-42068-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-486-42068-4"><bdi>978-0-486-42068-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Order+Stomatopoda%3A+Mantis+shrimp+or+thumb+splitters&rft.btitle=Seashore+Life+of+Florida+and+the+Caribbean&rft.series=Dover+pictorial+archive+series&rft.pages=120-122&rft.pub=Courier+Dover+Publications&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-486-42068-4&rft.au=Gilbert+L.+Voss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DscXKvA97b24C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meland-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Meland_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenneth_Meland2000" class="citation web cs1">Kenneth Meland (October 2, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crustacea.net/crustace/mysidacea/index.htm">"Mysidacea: Families, Subfamilies and Tribes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Australian_Museum" title="Australian Museum">Australian Museum</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mysidacea%3A+Families%2C+Subfamilies+and+Tribes&rft.pub=Australian+Museum&rft.date=2000-10-02&rft.au=Kenneth+Meland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcrustacea.net%2Fcrustace%2Fmysidacea%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OAKLEY-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OAKLEY_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJudith_Oakley2006" class="citation web cs1">Judith Oakley (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marlin.ac.uk/speciesinformation.php?speciesID=2879">"Japanese skeleton shrimp – <i>Caprella macho</i>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Marine_Life_Information_Network" title="Marine Life Information Network">Marine Life Information Network</a>: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme. <a href="/wiki/Marine_Biological_Association_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom">Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japanese+skeleton+shrimp+%E2%80%93+Caprella+macho&rft.pub=Marine+Life+Information+Network%3A+Biology+and+Sensitivity+Key+Information+Sub-programme.+Marine+Biological+Association+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Judith+Oakley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marlin.ac.uk%2Fspeciesinformation.php%3FspeciesID%3D2879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOBANIS-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NOBANIS_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130614015224/http://www.nobanis.org/MarineIdkey/Small%20crustaceans/CaprellaMutica.htm">"<i>Caprella mutica</i> Schurin, 1935 – Japanese skeleton shrimp"</a>. NOBANIS: European Network on Invasive Alien Species. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobanis.org/MarineIdkey/Small%20crustaceans/CaprellaMutica.htm">the original</a> on June 14, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Caprella+mutica+Schurin%2C+1935+%E2%80%93+Japanese+skeleton+shrimp&rft.pub=NOBANIS%3A+European+Network+on+Invasive+Alien+Species&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobanis.org%2FMarineIdkey%2FSmall%2520crustaceans%2FCaprellaMutica.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_D._Barnes1982" class="citation book cs1">Robert D. Barnes (1982). <i>Invertebrate Zoology</i>. Philadelphia: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 680–683. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-03-056747-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-03-056747-6"><bdi>978-0-03-056747-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Invertebrate+Zoology&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pages=680-683&rft.pub=Holt-Saunders+International&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-03-056747-6&rft.au=Robert+D.+Barnes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-faostat-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_59-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_59-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_59-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_59-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Based on data sourced from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat.fao.org/site/629/default.aspx">FishStat database</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoorhies_B,_Michaels_GH,_Riser_GM1991" class="citation journal cs1">Voorhies B, Michaels GH, Riser GM (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XaUXAQAAMAAJ">"An Ancient Shrimp Fishery in South Coastal Mexico"</a>. <i>National Geographic Research and Exploration</i>. <b>7</b> (1): 20–35.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic+Research+and+Exploration&rft.atitle=An+Ancient+Shrimp+Fishery+in+South+Coastal+Mexico&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=20-35&rft.date=1991&rft.au=Voorhies+B%2C+Michaels+GH%2C+Riser+GM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXaUXAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anth.ucsb.edu/faculty/voorhies/voorhies_2000.html">Reconstructing mobility patterns of late hunter-gatherers in coastal Chiapas, Mexico: The view from the shellmounds"</a> Barbara Voorhies, University of Colorado.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quitmyer IR, Wing ES, Hale HS and Jones DS (1985) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00048">"Aboriginal Subsistence and Settlement Archaeology of Kings Bay Locality"</a> In Volume 2: <i>Zooarchaeology, Reports of Investigations 2</i>, edited by W.H. Adams. University of Florida, Department of Anthropology, Gainesville, FL.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quitmyer IR (1987) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00027829/00049">"Evidence for Aboriginal Shrimping Along the Southeastern Coast of North America"</a> Paper presented at the 43rd Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Charleston, SC.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rudloe2-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rudloe2_64-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rudloe and Rudloe, 2009, pp.27–47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a> (c. 300 AD) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/Literature/Literature-idx?type=turn&id=Literature.AthV1&entity=Literature.AthV1.p0449&q1=shrimp&pview=hide"><i>Deipnosophistae</i></a>, <b>1</b> (7): 433.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Holdsworth, Edmund William H (1883) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/seafisheriesgre00holdgoog#page/n213/mode/2up"><i>The sea fisheries of Great Britain and Ireland</i></a> Oxford University. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781115411851" title="Special:BookSources/9781115411851">9781115411851</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/seafisheriesgre00holdgoog/seafisheriesgre00holdgoog_djvu.txt">Full text</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberts, p.138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">FAO species catalogue (1980) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/ac477e/ac477e09.pdf">Page 46</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/3404/en"><i>Penaeus vannamei</i> (Boone, 1931) </a> FAO, Species Fact Sheet. Retrieved June 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._De_Grave2010" class="citation web cs1">S. De Grave (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=247789">"<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> (Boone, 1931)"</a>. <i>WoRMS</i>. <a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">World Register of Marine Species</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved June 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._De_Grave2010" class="citation web cs1">S. De Grave (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=210646">"<i>Acetes japonicus</i> Kishinouye, 1905"</a>. <i>WoRMS</i>. <a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">World Register of Marine Species</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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PEN Trachyp 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Western+Indian+Ocean+%28Fishing+Area+51%29+FAO+Species+Identification+Sheets%2C+Volume+5&rft.atitle=Trachypenaeus+curvirostris+%28Stimpson%2C+1860%29&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2Ffao%2F009%2Fad468e%2FAD468eQL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Gillett" class="citation book cs1">R. Gillett (2008). <i>Global Study of Shrimp Fisheries</i>. Rome, Italy: <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization</a>. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-5-106053-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-5-106053-7"><bdi>978-92-5-106053-7</bdi></a>. 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Retrieved June 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFC._Fransen_&_M._Türkay2010" class="citation web cs1">C. Fransen & M. Türkay (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=107113">"<i>Trachysalambria curvirostris</i> (Stimpson, 1860)"</a>. <i>WoRMS</i>. <a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">World Register of Marine Species</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved June 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">FAO species catalogue (1980) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/ac477e/ac477e09.pdf">Pages 41–42</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._De_Grave2010" class="citation web cs1">S. De Grave (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=246390">"<i>Fenneropenaeus chinensis</i> (Osbeck, 1765)"</a>. <i>WoRMS</i>. <a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">World Register of Marine Species</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(1980) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/ac477e/ac477e02.pdf"><i>Shrimps and prawns of the world</i></a> Volume I of the FAO species catalogue, Fisheries Synopsis No.125, Rome. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/92-5-100896-5" title="Special:BookSources/92-5-100896-5">92-5-100896-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blumenfeld1986-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blumenfeld1986_112-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren_S._Blumenfeld1986" class="citation book cs1">Warren S. Blumenfeld (20 November 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_GT1-fjvqhoC&q=%22jumbo+shrimp%22++oxymoron"><i>Jumbo shrimp & other almost perfect oxymorons: contradictory expressions that make absolute sense</i></a>. Putnam. p. 46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-399-51306-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-399-51306-0"><bdi>978-0-399-51306-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jumbo+shrimp+%26+other+almost+perfect+oxymorons%3A+contradictory+expressions+that+make+absolute+sense&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Putnam&rft.date=1986-11-20&rft.isbn=978-0-399-51306-0&rft.au=Warren+S.+Blumenfeld&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_GT1-fjvqhoC%26q%3D%2522jumbo%2Bshrimp%2522%2B%2Boxymoron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=shrimp&allowed_in_frame=0">"Online Etymology Dictionary: Shrimp"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary%3A+Shrimp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dshrimp%26allowed_in_frame%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/shrimp">"Shrimp"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster_Online_Dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary"><i>Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary</i></a>. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shrimp&rft.btitle=Merriam-Webster+Online+Dictionary&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fshrimp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=prawn">prawn</a><i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i>. Retrieved 5 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prawn">Prawn</a> <i>Merriam-Webster Dictionary</i>. Retrieved 5 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Liberman" title="Anatoly Liberman">Liberman, Anatoly</a> (2012) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.oup.com/2012/05/word-origin-prawn/">After ‘shrimp’ comes ‘prawn’</a> <i>Oxford University Press's Blog</i>, 16 May 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Liberman1-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Liberman1_118-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Liberman" title="Anatoly Liberman">Liberman, Anatoly</a> (2012) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.oup.com/2012/04/scrumptious-shrimp-word-origin-riddle/">A scrumptious shrimp with a riddle</a> <i>Oxford University Press's Blog</i>, 18 April 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Richardson1958-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Richardson1958_119-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichardson_LR,_Yaldwyn_JC1958" class="citation journal cs1">Richardson LR, Yaldwyn JC (1958). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Bio07Tuat01-t1-body-d5.html">"A Guide to the Natant Decapod Crustacea (Shrimps and Prawns) of New Zealand"</a>. <i>Tuatara</i>. <b>7</b> (1).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tuatara&rft.atitle=A+Guide+to+the+Natant+Decapod+Crustacea+%28Shrimps+and+Prawns%29+of+New+Zealand&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.date=1958&rft.au=Richardson+LR%2C+Yaldwyn+JC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnzetc.victoria.ac.nz%2Ftm%2Fscholarly%2Ftei-Bio07Tuat01-t1-body-d5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFenner_A._Chace,_Jr.Raymond_B._Manning1972" class="citation journal cs1">Fenner A. Chace, Jr. & Raymond B. Manning (1972). "Two new caridean shrimps, one representing a new family, from marine pools on Ascension Island (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia)". <i>Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology</i>. <b>131</b> (131): 1–18. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5479%2Fsi.00810282.131">10.5479/si.00810282.131</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Contributions+to+Zoology&rft.atitle=Two+new+caridean+shrimps%2C+one+representing+a+new+family%2C+from+marine+pools+on+Ascension+Island+%28Crustacea%3A+Decapoda%3A+Natantia%29&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=131&rft.pages=1-18&rft.date=1972&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5479%2Fsi.00810282.131&rft.au=Fenner+A.+Chace%2C+Jr.&rft.au=Raymond+B.+Manning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Bauer, Raymond T (2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b8YHIsnod3EC">"Remarkable Shrimps: Adaptations and Natural History of the Carideans"</a> University of Oklahoma Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780806135557" title="Special:BookSources/9780806135557">9780806135557</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Gillett" class="citation book cs1">R. Gillett (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/i0300e/i0300e00.htm"><i>Global Study of Shrimp Fisheries</i></a>. Rome, Italy: <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-5-106053-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-5-106053-7"><bdi>978-92-5-106053-7</bdi></a>. Fisheries Technical Paper <b>475</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Global+Study+of+Shrimp+Fisheries&rft.place=Rome%2C+Italy&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organization&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-92-5-106053-7&rft.au=R.+Gillett&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2F011%2Fi0300e%2Fi0300e00.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Fransen CHJM and De Grave S (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://decapoda.nhm.org/pdfs/30946/30946.pdf">"Evolution and radiation of shrimp-like decapods: an overview"</a> In: Martin J.W., Crandall K.A., Felder D.L. (eds.), <i>Decapod Crustacean Phylogenetics</i>. CRC Press, pp. 246–259.</li> <li>Kaplan, Eugene H (2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sensuousseastale00kapl"><i>Sensuous Seas: Tales of a Marine Biologist</i></a> Princeton University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780691125602" title="Special:BookSources/9780691125602">9780691125602</a>.</li> <li>Meyer R, Lochner S and Melzer RR (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patagoniamarina.info/eng/Documents/Decapoda-sample.pdf">Decapoda – Crabs, Shrimps & Lobsters</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304092414/http://www.patagoniamarina.info/eng/Documents/Decapoda-sample.pdf">Archived</a> 2016-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> pp. 623–670 In: Häussermann V and Förstera G (eds) <i>Marine Benthic Fauna of Chilean Patagonia: Illustrated Identification Guide", Nature in Focus. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789563322446" title="Special:BookSources/9789563322446">9789563322446</a>.</i></li> <li>Poore, Gary (2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZZWnuGc0xlMC"><i>Marine Decapod Crustacea of Southern Australia: A Guide to Identification"</i></a><i> Csiro Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780643099258" title="Special:BookSources/9780643099258">9780643099258</a>.</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Fearnley-Whittingstall" title="Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall">Fearnley-Whittingstall, H</a> and Fisher N (2007) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2lBxWxua9H0C&q=prawn"><i>The River Cottage Fish Book</i></a> Page 541–543, Bloomsbury Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780747588696" title="Special:BookSources/9780747588696">9780747588696</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callum_Roberts_(biologist)" title="Callum Roberts (biologist)">Roberts, Callum</a> (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hhYa4as60EcC&q=%22The+unnatural+history+of+the+sea%22"><i>The unnatural history of the sea</i></a> Island Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781597265775" title="Special:BookSources/9781597265775">9781597265775</a>.</li> <li>Rudloe, Jack and Rudloe, Anne (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rpRq7CoXQo0C&q=shrimp"><i>Shrimp: The Endless Quest for Pink Gold</i></a> FT Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780137009725" title="Special:BookSources/9780137009725">9780137009725</a>.</li> <li>Ruppert EE, Fox RS and Barnes RD (2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780030259821"><i>Invertebrate zoology: A functional evolutionary approach</i></a> 7th edition, Thomson-Brooks/Cole. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780030259821" title="Special:BookSources/9780030259821">9780030259821</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrederick_Schram1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Schram" title="Frederick Schram">Frederick Schram</a> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brill.nl/uploadedFiles/742.pdf"><i>The Crustacea</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-12918-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-12918-4"><bdi>978-90-04-12918-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crustacea&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-90-04-12918-4&rft.au=Frederick+Schram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brill.nl%2FuploadedFiles%2F742.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrimp" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Caridea" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Caridea">Caridea</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shrimps_in_art" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Shrimps in art">Shrimps in art</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/005/y1679e/y1679e04.pdf">"Internal and External Anatomy of a Penaeid Shrimp"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> Fisheries Technical Paper 395, FAO, Rome.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=shrimp%2Cprawn&year_start=1800&year_end=2008&corpus=0&smoothing=3">Shrimp versus prawn</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=shrimp%2Clobster%2Ccrab&year_start=1800&year_end=2008&corpus=0&smoothing=3">shrimp,lobster,crab</a> ngrams</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_eBJWxVQV5A">Shrimp versus prawns</a> – <i>YouTube</i></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/wiki/Template:Shrimps_and_prawns" title="Template:Shrimps and prawns"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shrimps_and_prawns" title="Template talk:Shrimps and prawns"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Shrimps_and_prawns" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shrimps and prawns"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shrimp_and_prawns" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shrimp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prawn" title="Prawn">prawns</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Decapoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Decapoda">Decapoda</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caridea" title="Caridea">Caridea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dendrobranchiata" title="Dendrobranchiata">Dendrobranchiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stenopodidea" title="Stenopodidea">Stenopodidea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procarididea" title="Procarididea">Procarididea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassinidea" title="Thalassinidea">Ghost shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephrops_norvegicus" title="Nephrops norvegicus">Dublin Bay prawn <span style="font-size:85%;">(scampi)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Penaeus_diagram.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The Northern white shrimp, a penaeid"><img alt="The Northern white shrimp, a penaeid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Penaeus_diagram.png/140px-Penaeus_diagram.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Penaeus_diagram.png/210px-Penaeus_diagram.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Penaeus_diagram.png/280px-Penaeus_diagram.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="666" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">crustaceans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mantis_shrimp" title="Mantis shrimp">Mantis shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opossum_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Opossum shrimp">Opossum shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skeleton_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Skeleton shrimp">Skeleton shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphausiid_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Euphausiid shrimp">Euphausiid shrimp <span style="font-size:85%;">(krill)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brine_shrimp" title="Brine shrimp">Brine shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clam_shrimp" title="Clam shrimp">Clam shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairy shrimp">Fairy shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadpole_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Tadpole shrimp">Tadpole shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horseshoe_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Horseshoe shrimp">Horseshoe shrimp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetes" title="Acetes">Akiami paste shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penaeus" title="Penaeus">Fleshy prawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_tiger_prawn" class="mw-redirect" title="Giant tiger prawn">Giant tiger prawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_prawn" title="Indian prawn">Banana prawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandalus_borealis" title="Pandalus borealis">Northern prawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_rough_shrimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern rough shrimp">Southern rough shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteleg_shrimp" title="Whiteleg shrimp">Whiteleg shrimp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_fishery" title="Shrimp fishery">Fishery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_of_brine_shrimp" title="Aquaculture of brine shrimp">Brine shrimp aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freshwater_prawn_farming" title="Freshwater prawn farming">Freshwater prawn farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_baiting" title="Shrimp baiting">Shrimp baiting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_farming" title="Shrimp farming">Shrimp farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_marketing" title="Shrimp marketing">Shrimp marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_trawling" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrimp trawling">Shrimp trawling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diseases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infectious_hypodermal_and_hematopoietic_necrosis" title="Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis">Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necrotising_hepatopancreatitis" title="Necrotising hepatopancreatitis">Necrotising hepatopancreatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taura_syndrome" title="Taura syndrome">Taura syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_spot_syndrome" title="White spot syndrome">White spot syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellowhead_disease" title="Yellowhead disease">Yellowhead disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caridoid_escape_reaction" title="Caridoid escape reaction">Caridoid escape reaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleaner_shrimp" title="Cleaner shrimp">Cleaner shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decapod_anatomy" title="Decapod anatomy">Decapod anatomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Bay_jubilee" title="Mobile Bay jubilee">Mobile Bay jubilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_and_prawn_as_food" title="Shrimp and prawn as food">Shrimp and prawn as food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_fork" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrimp fork">Shrimp fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_tie" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrimp tie">Shrimp tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp-Turtle_Case" title="Shrimp-Turtle Case">Shrimp-Turtle Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea-Monkeys" title="Sea-Monkeys">Sea-Monkeys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Shrimpin%27" title="Big Shrimpin'"><i>Big Shrimpin' </i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(TV series)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebirah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebirah"><i>Ebirah</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(fictional monster)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shrimp_Girl" title="The Shrimp Girl"><i>The Shrimp Girl</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(painting)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Principal_commercial_fishery_species_groups" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Commercial_fish_topics" title="Template:Commercial fish topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Commercial_fish_topics" title="Template talk:Commercial fish topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Commercial_fish_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Commercial fish topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Principal_commercial_fishery_species_groups" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Principal commercial <a href="/wiki/Fishery" title="Fishery">fishery</a> species groups</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wild_fisheries" title="Wild fisheries">Wild</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pelagic_fish" title="Pelagic fish">Large pelagic fish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mackerel" title="Mackerel">Mackerel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">Salmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark" title="Shark">Shark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swordfish" title="Swordfish">Swordfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">Tuna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albacore" title="Albacore">albacore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigeye_tuna" title="Bigeye tuna">bigeye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_bluefin_tuna" title="Atlantic bluefin tuna">Atlantic bluefin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_bluefin_tuna" title="Pacific bluefin tuna">Pacific bluefin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_bluefin_tuna" title="Southern bluefin tuna">southern bluefin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skipjack_tuna" title="Skipjack tuna">skipjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellowfin_tuna" title="Yellowfin tuna">yellowfin</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Forage_fish" title="Forage fish">Forage fish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchovy" title="Anchovy">Anchovy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capelin" title="Capelin">Capelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herring" title="Herring">Herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Ilish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menhaden" title="Menhaden">Menhaden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardine" title="Sardine">Sardines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_saury" title="Pacific saury">Saury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shad" class="mw-redirect" title="Shad">Shad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprat" title="Sprat">Sprat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_sprat" title="European sprat">european</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demersal_fish" title="Demersal fish">Demersal fish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catfish" title="Catfish">Catfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod" title="Cod">Cod</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_cod" title="Atlantic cod">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_cod" title="Pacific cod">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_pollock" title="Alaska pollock">Alaska pollock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatfish" title="Flatfish">Flatfish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flounder" title="Flounder">flounder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halibut" title="Halibut">halibut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaice" title="Plaice">plaice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sole_(fish)" title="Sole (fish)">sole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbot" title="Turbot">turbot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haddock" title="Haddock">Haddock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullet_(fish)" title="Mullet (fish)">Mullet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_roughy" title="Orange roughy">Orange roughy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollock" title="Pollock">Pollock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastes" title="Sebastes">Rockfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sillaginidae" title="Sillaginidae">Smelt-whitings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toothfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Toothfish">Toothfish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Freshwater_fish" title="Freshwater fish">Freshwater fish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carp" title="Carp">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon" title="Sturgeon">Sturgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">Tilapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">Trout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wild_fish" class="mw-redirect" title="Wild fish">Other wild fish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eel" title="Eel">Eel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitebait" title="Whitebait">Whitebait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commercial_fish" title="Category:Commercial fish">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">Crustaceans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">Crab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krill" title="Krill">Krill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">Lobster</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shrimp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prawn" title="Prawn">Prawns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commercial_crustaceans" title="Category:Commercial crustaceans">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mollusc" class="mw-redirect" title="Mollusc">Molluscs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abalone" title="Abalone">Abalone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mussel" title="Mussel">Mussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octopus" title="Octopus">Octopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster" title="Oyster">Oysters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scallop" title="Scallop">Scallops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squid" title="Squid">Squid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commercial_molluscs" title="Category:Commercial molluscs">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Echinoderm" title="Echinoderm">Echinoderms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumber" title="Sea cucumber">Sea cucumbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_urchin" title="Sea urchin">Sea urchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commercial_echinoderms" title="Category:Commercial echinoderms">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fisheries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cod_fisheries" title="Cod fisheries">Cod fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab_fisheries" title="Crab fisheries">Crab fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krill_fishery" title="Krill fishery">Krill fishery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobster_fishing" title="Lobster fishing">Lobster fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_fishery" title="Shrimp fishery">Shrimp fishery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Atlantic_cod.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Atlantic cod"><img alt="Atlantic cod" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atlantic_cod.jpg/140px-Atlantic_cod.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atlantic_cod.jpg/210px-Atlantic_cod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atlantic_cod.jpg/280px-Atlantic_cod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="255" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lobster_(PSF).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lobster"><img alt="Lobster" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Lobster_%28PSF%29.png/100px-Lobster_%28PSF%29.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Lobster_%28PSF%29.png/150px-Lobster_%28PSF%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Lobster_%28PSF%29.png/200px-Lobster_%28PSF%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2821" data-file-height="1748" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pacific_oysters_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pacific oysters"><img alt="Pacific oysters" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Pacific_oysters_01.jpg/80px-Pacific_oysters_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Pacific_oysters_01.jpg/120px-Pacific_oysters_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Pacific_oysters_01.jpg/160px-Pacific_oysters_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1750" data-file-height="1282" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">Farmed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carp#Aquaculture" title="Carp">Carp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bighead_carp" title="Bighead carp">bighead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_carp" title="Common carp">common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucian_carp" title="Crucian carp">crucian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grass_carp" title="Grass carp">grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_carp" title="Silver carp">silver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_of_catfish" title="Aquaculture of catfish">Catfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freshwater_prawn_farming" title="Freshwater prawn farming">Freshwater prawns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilt-head_bream" title="Gilt-head bream">Gilt-head bream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mussel#Aquaculture" title="Mussel">Mussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_farming" title="Oyster farming">Oysters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_of_salmon" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquaculture of salmon">Salmon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_salmon" title="Atlantic salmon">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_trout" title="Rainbow trout">salmon trout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coho_salmon" title="Coho salmon">coho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinook_salmon" title="Chinook salmon">chinook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scallop_aquaculture" title="Scallop aquaculture">Scallops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaweed_farming" title="Seaweed farming">Seaweed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_shrimp_farming" title="Marine shrimp farming">Shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_of_tilapia" title="Aquaculture of tilapia">Tilapia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">Commercial fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_fish_production" class="mw-redirect" title="World fish production">World fish production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commercially_important_fish_species" title="List of commercially important fish species">Commercial species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fishing_topics_by_subject" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fishing topics by subject">Fishing topics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisheries_glossary" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisheries glossary">Fisheries glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Edible_crustaceans" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Edible_crustaceans" title="Template:Edible crustaceans"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Edible_crustaceans" title="Template talk:Edible crustaceans"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Edible_crustaceans" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Edible crustaceans"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Edible_crustaceans" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Edible crustaceans</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shrimp</a>/ <br /><a href="/wiki/Prawn" title="Prawn">prawns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acetes" title="Acetes">Acetes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crangon_crangon" title="Crangon crangon">Crangon crangon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cryphiops_caementarius" title="Cryphiops caementarius">Cryphiops caementarius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_shrimp" title="Dried shrimp">Dried shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_prawn" title="Indian prawn">Indian prawn</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Litopenaeus_setiferus" title="Litopenaeus setiferus">Litopenaeus setiferus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macrobrachium_rosenbergii" title="Macrobrachium rosenbergii">Macrobrachium rosenbergii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palaemon_serratus" title="Palaemon serratus">Palaemon serratus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pandalus_borealis" title="Pandalus borealis">Pandalus borealis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Penaeus_esculentus" title="Penaeus esculentus">Penaeus esculentus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Penaeus_monodon" title="Penaeus monodon">Penaeus monodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Processa_edulis" title="Processa edulis">Processa edulis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_paste" title="Shrimp paste">Shrimp paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteleg_shrimp" title="Whiteleg shrimp">Whiteleg shrimp</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xiphopenaeus_kroyeri" title="Xiphopenaeus kroyeri">Xiphopenaeus kroyeri</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">Lobsters</a><br />(incl. <a href="/wiki/Slipper_lobster" title="Slipper lobster">slipper</a> <br />& <a href="/wiki/Spiny_lobster" title="Spiny lobster">spiny</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_lobster" title="American lobster">American lobster</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arctides_guineensis" title="Arctides guineensis">Arctides guineensis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_spiny_lobster" title="California spiny lobster">California spiny lobster</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Homarus_gammarus" title="Homarus gammarus">Homarus gammarus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ibacus_peronii" title="Ibacus peronii">Ibacus peronii</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_spiny_lobster" title="Japanese spiny lobster">Japanese spiny lobster</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jasus" title="Jasus">Jasus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jasus_edwardsii" title="Jasus edwardsii">Jasus edwardsii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jasus_lalandii" title="Jasus lalandii">Jasus lalandii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metanephrops_challengeri" title="Metanephrops challengeri">Metanephrops challengeri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thenus" title="Thenus">Thenus orientalis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nephrops_norvegicus" title="Nephrops norvegicus">Nephrops norvegicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palinurus_elephas" title="Palinurus elephas">Palinurus elephas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_argus" title="Panulirus argus">Panulirus argus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_cygnus" title="Panulirus cygnus">Panulirus cygnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_echinatus" title="Panulirus echinatus">Panulirus echinatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_guttatus" title="Panulirus guttatus">Panulirus guttatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_homarus" title="Panulirus homarus">Panulirus homarus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_longipes" title="Panulirus longipes">Panulirus longipes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_ornatus" title="Panulirus ornatus">Panulirus ornatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_pascuensis" title="Panulirus pascuensis">Panulirus pascuensis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_penicillatus" title="Panulirus penicillatus">Panulirus penicillatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panulirus_versicolor" title="Panulirus versicolor">Panulirus versicolor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parribacus_japonicus" title="Parribacus japonicus">Parribacus japonicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sagmariasus" title="Sagmariasus">Sagmariasus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scyllarides_herklotsii" title="Scyllarides herklotsii">Scyllarides herklotsii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scyllarides_latus" title="Scyllarides latus">Scyllarides latus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scyllarus_arctus" title="Scyllarus arctus">Scyllarus arctus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thymops_birsteini" class="mw-redirect" title="Thymops birsteini">Thymops birsteini</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_rock_lobster" class="mw-redirect" title="Tristan rock lobster">Tristan rock lobster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">Crabs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Callinectes_sapidus" title="Callinectes sapidus">Callinectes sapidus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Callinectes_similis" title="Callinectes similis">Callinectes similis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cancer_irroratus" title="Cancer irroratus">Cancer irroratus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cancer_bellianus" title="Cancer bellianus">Cancer bellianus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cancer_pagurus" title="Cancer pagurus">Cancer pagurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cancer_productus" title="Cancer productus">Cancer productus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chaceon_fenneri" title="Chaceon fenneri">Chaceon fenneri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chaceon_quinquedens" title="Chaceon quinquedens">Chaceon quinquedens</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_mitten_crab" title="Chinese mitten crab">Chinese mitten crab</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chionoecetes" title="Chionoecetes">Chionoecetes</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungeness_crab" title="Dungeness crab">Dungeness crab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_stone_crab" title="Florida stone crab">Florida stone crab</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gecarcinus_ruricola" title="Gecarcinus ruricola">Gecarcinus ruricola</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsehair_crab" title="Horsehair crab">Horsehair crab</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypothalassia_acerba" title="Hypothalassia acerba">Hypothalassia acerba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_crab" title="Jonah crab">Jonah crab</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maja_squinado" title="Maja squinado">Maja squinado</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Menippe_adina" title="Menippe adina">Menippe adina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orithyia_sinica" title="Orithyia sinica">Orithyia sinica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ovalipes_australiensis" title="Ovalipes australiensis">Ovalipes australiensis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ovalipes_catharus" title="Ovalipes catharus">Ovalipes catharus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_crust_crab" title="Pie crust crab">Pie crust crab</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portunus_pelagicus" title="Portunus pelagicus">Portunus pelagicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portunus_trituberculatus" title="Portunus trituberculatus">Portunus trituberculatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ranina_ranina" title="Ranina ranina">Ranina ranina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scylla_paramamosain" title="Scylla paramamosain">Scylla paramamosain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scylla_serrata" title="Scylla serrata">Scylla serrata</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft-shell_crab" title="Soft-shell crab">Soft-shell crab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_giant_crab" title="Tasmanian giant crab">Tasmanian giant crab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crayfish" title="Crayfish">Crayfish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acocil" title="Acocil">Acocil</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Astacus_astacus" title="Astacus astacus">Astacus astacus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marron" title="Marron">Marron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherax" title="Cherax">Cherax</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paranephrops" title="Paranephrops">Paranephrops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Procambarus_clarkii" title="Procambarus clarkii">Procambarus clarkii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orconectes_virilis" class="mw-redirect" title="Orconectes virilis">Orconectes virilis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_crayfish" title="Signal crayfish">Signal crayfish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Austromegabalanus_psittacus" title="Austromegabalanus psittacus">Austromegabalanus psittacus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_crab" title="Coconut crab">Coconut crab</a></li> <li><a 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