CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Night Wolves - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"75577e91-198b-4ce7-977f-d73bdcea76c6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Night_Wolves","wgTitle":"Night Wolves","wgCurRevisionId":1257935808,"wgRevisionId":1257935808,"wgArticleId":42051454,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 uses Russian-language script (ru)","CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Infoboxes without native name language parameter","Articles containing Russian-language text","Commons category link from Wikidata","Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia","Articles with Russian-language sources (ru)","Articles containing video clips","Clubs and societies in Russia", "Euromaidan","Motorcycle clubs","1989 establishments in Russia","Russian entities subject to U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions","Anti-Ukrainian sentiment in Russia"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Night_Wolves","wgRelevantArticleId":42051454,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition": "interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q4327794","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready", "ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4b/Night_Wolves_logo.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1061"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4b/Night_Wolves_logo.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="707"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="566"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Night Wolves - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Wolves"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Wolves"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Night_Wolves rootpage-Night_Wolves skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Night+Wolves" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Night+Wolves" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Night+Wolves" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Night+Wolves" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Activism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relationship_with_the_Kremlin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_with_the_Kremlin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Relationship with the Kremlin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_with_the_Kremlin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intervention_in_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intervention_in_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Intervention in Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intervention_in_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Shows</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sanctions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sanctions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sanctions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sanctions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sanctions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sanctions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>European Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Views</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Views-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Views subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-On_Stalin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_Stalin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>On Stalin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_Stalin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On_Anti-Maidan_protests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_Anti-Maidan_protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>On Anti-Maidan protests</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_Anti-Maidan_protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On_foreign_countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_foreign_countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>On foreign countries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_foreign_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On_LGBT_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_LGBT_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>On LGBT people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_LGBT_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Membership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Night Wolves</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gec%C9%99_Canavarlar%C4%B1" title="Gecə Canavarları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Gecə Canavarları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Нощни вълци – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нощни вълци" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci" title="Noční vlci – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Noční vlci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nachtw%C3%B6lfe" title="Nachtwölfe – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nachtwölfe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96%C3%B6hundid" title="Ööhundid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ööhundid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobos_Nocturnos" title="Lobos Nocturnos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lobos Nocturnos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%A8" title="گرگ‌های شب – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گرگ‌های شب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Loups_de_la_nuit" title="Les Loups de la nuit – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Les Loups de la nuit" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%A4%EC%9D%98_%EB%8A%91%EB%8C%80%EB%93%A4" title="밤의 늑대들 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="밤의 늑대들" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94" title="זאבי הלילה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זאבי הלילה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%9C%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Ноќни волци – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ноќни волци" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E3%81%AE%E7%8B%BC" title="夜の狼 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="夜の狼" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocne_Wilki" title="Nocne Wilki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nocne Wilki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupii_nop%C8%9Bii" title="Lupii nopții – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lupii nopții" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Ночные волки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ночные волки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%9B%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Ноћни вукови – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ноћни вукови" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%B6n_sudet" title="Yön sudet – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yön sudet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notjnie_Volki" title="Notjnie Volki – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Notjnie Volki" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gece_Kurtlar%C4%B1" title="Gece Kurtları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gece Kurtları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Нічні Вовки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нічні Вовки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4327794#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Night_Wolves" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Night_Wolves" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Night_Wolves"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Night_Wolves"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Night_Wolves" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Night_Wolves" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&oldid=1257935808" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Night_Wolves&id=1257935808&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNight_Wolves"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNight_Wolves"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Night_Wolves&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Night_Wolves" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4327794" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Russian motorcycle club</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Night Wolves MC</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Ночные Волки<br /> Nochny'ye Volki</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Night_Wolves_logo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4b/Night_Wolves_logo.jpg/220px-Night_Wolves_logo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4b/Night_Wolves_logo.jpg/330px-Night_Wolves_logo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4b/Night_Wolves_logo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="297" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1989</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_club" title="Motorcycle club">Motorcycle club</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (formerly the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>) and other <a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states">former Soviet territories</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Romriell_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romriell-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Membership</th><td class="infobox-data">Estimated to have 7,000 members worldwide<sup id="cite_ref-TH140302_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TH140302-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Zaldastanov" title="Alexander Zaldastanov">Aleksandr Zaldastanov</a><sup id="cite_ref-TH140302_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TH140302-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nightwolves.ru/">nightwolves<wbr />.ru</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%281%29.jpg/220px-%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%281%29.jpg/330px-%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%281%29.jpg/440px-%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption>Night Wolves</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv/220px--Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="162" data-durationhint="378" data-mwtitle="Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv/Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="380" data-height="280" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="380" data-height="280" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv/Vladimir_Putin_biking_in_Novorossiysk.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="326" data-height="240" /></video></span><figcaption>Vladimir Putin and Night Wolves biking in Novorossiysk</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Night Wolves</b> (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Ночные Волки</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>:</small> <span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Nochnye Volki</i></span>) or <b>Night Wolves Motorcycle Club</b> is a Russian <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_club" title="Motorcycle club">motorcycle club</a> that was founded around the Moscow area in 1989. It holds an international status with at least 45 chapters world-wide.<sup id="cite_ref-Romriell_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romriell-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The club began forming out of a mixture of rock music fans and motorcycle enthusiasts who held then-illegal rock concerts in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Censorship in the Soviet Union">Censorship in the Soviet Union</a>) as far back as 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-NWR_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1989 the club was consolidated as an informal motorcycle group bearing the name "Night Wolves", during the <a href="/wiki/Perestroika" title="Perestroika">Perestroika</a> era of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. It became the first official bike club in the <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a>. As of the beginning of 2018, the Night Wolves now have chapters in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Romriell_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romriell-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Zaldastanov" title="Alexander Zaldastanov">Alexander Zaldastanov</a> (also known as The Surgeon) became the leader of the club in 1989. </p><p>The club runs multiple rock clubs and arranges many rock concerts in Russia. It also runs several tattoo parlors and is one of the founders of the annual International Moscow Tattoo Convention. In 1995, they launched a clothing line, "Wolf Wear", and established the "Wolf Engineering" custom shop subsidiary. It has gathered mechanics and general motorcycle enthusiasts from all across Russia, runs several motorcycle repair and custom shops and also developed the Wolf-Ural (Волк-Урал) motorcycle together with the manufacturer <a href="/wiki/IMZ-Ural" title="IMZ-Ural">IMZ-Ural</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-750cc_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-750cc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They usually ride <a href="/wiki/Harley-Davidson" title="Harley-Davidson">Harley-Davidsons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LRB131010_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LRB131010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another subsidiary is the racing team "Wolf Racing" which was created in 2001 and participates in and organizes various events in Russia. </p><p>A member of the Night Wolves, Valery Bely, was shot and killed in a dispute with a rival biker club, Three Roads, in November 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-TH121114_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TH121114-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The head of <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramzan_Kadyrov" title="Ramzan Kadyrov">Ramzan Kadyrov</a>, joined the group in August 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-MT141221_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MT141221-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2015, Zaldastanov inaugurated the group's Chechen branch in <a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a> and named Kadyrov its honorary leader.<sup id="cite_ref-MT150524_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MT150524-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Night Wolves set up a compound in Slovakia near <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a>, not far from the Czech border, housing old tanks and armored vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activism">Activism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The club has long taken an interest in the political and social life of Russia, engaging in youth social issues,<sup id="cite_ref-OPRF2014_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OPRF2014-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> forging close links to the <a href="/wiki/Kremlin" title="Kremlin">Kremlin</a> and establishing a friendship with President Putin.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also contributed to the invasion of Crimea by patrolling the streets of the peninsula with unmarked soldiers sent from Russia<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Teleg150317_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teleg150317-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and fought for the pro-Russian side in the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas_(2014%E2%80%932022)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Donbas (2014–2022)">Donbas war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian.com_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are involved with the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a> and make a motorcycle pilgrimage to holy Russian Orthodox sites several times a year.<sup id="cite_ref-Mail120419_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mail120419-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relationship_with_the_Kremlin">Relationship with the Kremlin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Relationship with the Kremlin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The club has close ties to <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> and a generally <a href="/wiki/Russian_nationalism" title="Russian nationalism">Russian nationalist</a> sentiment.<sup id="cite_ref-TH140302_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TH140302-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LRB131010_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LRB131010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Teleg150324_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teleg150324-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Putin has described them as his "friends" and appeared at their rallies, riding a Harley-Davidson trike.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP150425_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP150425-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> historian <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Snyder" title="Timothy Snyder">Timothy Snyder</a> believes it serves "as a <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">paramilitary</a> and propaganda arm of the Putin regime."<sup id="cite_ref-snyder140_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-snyder140-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Night Wolves are funded by the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Kremlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Kremlin">Kremlin</a>, receiving "several hundred million rubles a year" according to a report in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-LRB131010_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LRB131010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2015, <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Navalny" title="Alexei Navalny">Alexei Navalny</a> claimed that the Russian government had given 56 million rubles to the group in the preceding year and a half.<sup id="cite_ref-MT150506_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MT150506-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RFE150505_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFE150505-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2015, Night Wolves received a donation of 12,000,000 rubles from the Russian government to 'build a "Patriot" youth center in <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a> in Crimea'.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Night Wolves were referred to as "Putin's Angels" in western media coverage in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-tabor15_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tabor15-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intervention_in_Ukraine">Intervention in Ukraine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Intervention in Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></div> <p>Members of the Night Wolves have fought on the side of pro-Russian militants during the <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Donbas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Donbas war">Donbas war</a>. They blockaded the main routes into <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a><sup id="cite_ref-GN140228_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GN140228-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and participated in attacks on a natural gas facility and the naval headquarters in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-TH141221_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TH141221-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2015, <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a> stated that Alexei Vereshchyagin had fought against Ukrainian government forces in <a href="/wiki/Luhansk" title="Luhansk">Luhansk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP150425_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP150425-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shows">Shows</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Shows"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Their August 2014 show in Sevastopol, supporting the <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea by Russia</a> and depicting Ukraine as a country controlled by "fascists", was attended by an estimated 100,000 people and broadcast by Russian state television.<sup id="cite_ref-RFE140811_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFE140811-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BF140811_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BF140811-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During their New Year's shows for children, the Night Wolves portrayed the West as conspiring to destroy Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-MT150506_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MT150506-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RFE150505_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFE150505-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a January 2015 interview with <i><a href="/wiki/RIA_Novosti" title="RIA Novosti">RIA Novosti</a></i>, Zaldastanov stated that "When the kids come to us, we don't cut costs on special effects or efforts to convey to the children a feeling of true drive and danger."<sup id="cite_ref-RFE150505_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFE150505-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sanctions">Sanctions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sanctions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Canada added Zaldastanov to its sanctions list in February 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CBC150219_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBC150219-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Night Wolves were included in June 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-CA150629_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA150629-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Union">European Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: European Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, when the Night Wolves were planning to celebrate the <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(9_May)" title="Victory Day (9 May)">Victory Day</a> — victory over the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> in the "<a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Patriotic War">Great Patriotic War</a>" — on May 9 with a trip from Moscow to <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, the government of Poland refused them entry due to the club members' active support of Putin, and <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> cancelled the bikers' Schengen visas.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On their way to Berlin, despite visa issues, Night Wolves commemorated the deaths of Polish officers murdered by <a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a> in Katyn by lighting candles in their name on 26 April,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although Night Wolves and their leader are outspoken supporters of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>, who ordered the murders.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian.com_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Polish motorcyclists' organization calling itself the <i>Katyń Motorocycle Raid</i> (KMR) criticized the ban and said that Night Wolves already made two such trips in the past, and Polish public opinion was divided on the decision, with 38.7% supporting it and 28.5% opposing.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the ban, the KMR declared that it would light candles on the graves of fallen <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> soldiers in the name of the Night Wolves.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Families of the <a href="/wiki/Katy%C5%84_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Katyń massacre">Katyń massacre</a>'s victims stated that they did not wish to be associated with the KMR.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_with_Night_Wolves_Motorclub_(2019-08-10)_7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Vladimir_Putin_with_Night_Wolves_Motorclub_%282019-08-10%29_7.jpg/250px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Night_Wolves_Motorclub_%282019-08-10%29_7.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Vladimir_Putin_with_Night_Wolves_Motorclub_%282019-08-10%29_7.jpg/375px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Night_Wolves_Motorclub_%282019-08-10%29_7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Vladimir_Putin_with_Night_Wolves_Motorclub_%282019-08-10%29_7.jpg/500px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Night_Wolves_Motorclub_%282019-08-10%29_7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>Vladimir Putin with Night Wolves in 2019</figcaption></figure> <p>Bikers who wanted to enter Germany at the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Sch%C3%B6nefeld_Airport" title="Berlin Schönefeld Airport">Berlin Schönefeld Airport</a> were denied entry.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 May, one member, who was trying to enter Germany by ship from Helsinki to <a href="/wiki/Travem%C3%BCnde" title="Travemünde">Travemünde</a>, was deported to Finland.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2022 the <a href="/wiki/EU" class="mw-redirect" title="EU">EU</a> imposed sanctions on the Nightwolves MC in relation to the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2014, the United States announced sanctions against the Night Wolves<sup id="cite_ref-TUS141219_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TUS141219-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> due to their involvement in attacks on a gas distribution station in <a href="/wiki/Strilkove" title="Strilkove">Strilkove</a> and the Ukrainian naval headquarters in Sevastopol, and recruitment of fighters for the war in Donbas.<sup id="cite_ref-TUS141219_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TUS141219-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Views">Views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P%C5%99%C3%ADznivci_rusk%C3%A9ho_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci_Ol%C5%A1ansk%C3%BDch_h%C5%99bitovech.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/P%C5%99%C3%ADznivci_rusk%C3%A9ho_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci_Ol%C5%A1ansk%C3%BDch_h%C5%99bitovech.JPG/220px-P%C5%99%C3%ADznivci_rusk%C3%A9ho_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci_Ol%C5%A1ansk%C3%BDch_h%C5%99bitovech.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/P%C5%99%C3%ADznivci_rusk%C3%A9ho_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci_Ol%C5%A1ansk%C3%BDch_h%C5%99bitovech.JPG/330px-P%C5%99%C3%ADznivci_rusk%C3%A9ho_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci_Ol%C5%A1ansk%C3%BDch_h%C5%99bitovech.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/P%C5%99%C3%ADznivci_rusk%C3%A9ho_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci_Ol%C5%A1ansk%C3%BDch_h%C5%99bitovech.JPG/440px-P%C5%99%C3%ADznivci_rusk%C3%A9ho_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci_Ol%C5%A1ansk%C3%BDch_h%C5%99bitovech.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4389" data-file-height="3043" /></a><figcaption>Night Wolves and Czech nationals laid flowers to the graves of Red Army soldiers killed during the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Prague Offensive">Prague Offensive</a> of 1945, Czech Republic, 7 May 2016</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Demonstrace_proti_pr%C5%AFjezdu_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Demonstrace_proti_pr%C5%AFjezdu_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci.JPG/220px-Demonstrace_proti_pr%C5%AFjezdu_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Demonstrace_proti_pr%C5%AFjezdu_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci.JPG/330px-Demonstrace_proti_pr%C5%AFjezdu_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Demonstrace_proti_pr%C5%AFjezdu_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci.JPG/440px-Demonstrace_proti_pr%C5%AFjezdu_motork%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9ho_klubu_No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_vlci.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4332" data-file-height="3249" /></a><figcaption>Protest against Night Wolves' ride through <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>, 7 May 2016</figcaption></figure> <p>In the very beginning the Night Wolves were often in conflict with other biking clubs. Yevgeny Vorobyev, the leader of the Three Roads, accused them of becoming too politicised. The representative of the <a href="/wiki/Hells_Angels" title="Hells Angels">Hells Angels</a> in Russia told the <i>Moscow Times</i>, "We call each other brothers and avoid being linked to any religious and political organizations, as these are things that divide people. To express my political views, I vote."<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_Stalin">On Stalin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: On Stalin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Peter_Pomerantsev" title="Peter Pomerantsev">Peter Pomerantsev</a>, the Night Wolves admire <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-LRB131010_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LRB131010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Soviet dictator and one of the three main <a href="/wiki/Allied_leaders_of_World_War_II" title="Allied leaders of World War II">Allied leaders of World War II</a>. On their ride to Berlin for a rally marking the anniversary of the end of World War II in 2015, they displayed red flags with portraits of Stalin and shouted <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>-era <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> oath "For the Motherland! For Stalin!"<sup id="cite_ref-AFP150425_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP150425-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Alexei Magister, the president of a biker club linked to the Night Wolves, "We are not harming anyone, we are just honouring the memory of those who fell to destroy Fascism".<sup id="cite_ref-AFP150425_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP150425-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On their ride to Berlin in 2015, the Night Wolves paid homage to Stalin at the Russia's <a href="/wiki/Katyn_war_cemetery" class="mw-redirect" title="Katyn war cemetery">memorial</a> to Polish prisoners of war killed in the <a href="/wiki/Katyn_massacre" title="Katyn massacre">Katyn massacre</a> by the NKVD on Stalin's and <a href="/wiki/Lavrentiy_Beria" title="Lavrentiy Beria">Beria</a>'s orders in 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_Anti-Maidan_protests">On Anti-Maidan protests</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: On Anti-Maidan protests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2015, the group's leader, the Ukraine-born Alexander Zaldastanov, expressed support for a Russian <a href="/wiki/Anti-Maidan" title="Anti-Maidan">Anti-Maidan</a> movement which said it was ready to use violence to stop anti-government protesters.<sup id="cite_ref-GN150115_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GN150115-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MK150121_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MK150121-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_foreign_countries">On foreign countries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: On foreign countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Night_wolves_sofia_0141.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Night_wolves_sofia_0141.jpg/220px-Night_wolves_sofia_0141.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Night_wolves_sofia_0141.jpg/330px-Night_wolves_sofia_0141.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Night_wolves_sofia_0141.jpg/440px-Night_wolves_sofia_0141.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Night Wolves in <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> holding Bulgarian and Russian flags, 1 July 2016</figcaption></figure> <p>In an interview, Zaldastanov said "For the first time we showed resistance to the global Satanism, the growing savagery of Western Europe, the rush to consumerism that denies all spirituality, the destruction of traditional values, all this homosexual talk, this American democracy."<sup id="cite_ref-Teleg150317_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teleg150317-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview with Finnish journalist Juha Portaankorva in 2016, Zaldastanov said "I would love <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> to stay a good neighbor of Russia. I would love the Finns to trust Russia more than America."<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_LGBT_people">On LGBT people</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: On LGBT people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2015, Zaldastanov suggested that "Death to faggots" could be an alternate name for the Russian <a href="/wiki/Anti-Maidan" title="Anti-Maidan">anti-Maidan movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GN150115_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GN150115-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a February 2015 "Anti-Maidan" rally in Moscow organized by Zaldastanov, popular slogans included "We don't need Western ideology and gay parades!"<sup id="cite_ref-Teleg150221_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teleg150221-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to some of the Night Wolves, a prospective member must be male, from a former Soviet country, invited by an existing member, and must participate in club events for two years before becoming a member.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP141007_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP141007-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Night Wolves claim not to discriminate on religious grounds.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP141007_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP141007-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Night Wolves are openly homophobic and do not allow gay men to join the club; women are also not allowed to join.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Night Wolves have over 7,000 members,<sup id="cite_ref-TH140302_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TH140302-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/Ramzan_Kadyrov" title="Ramzan Kadyrov">Ramzan Kadyrov</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_the_Chechen_Republic" title="Head of the Chechen Republic">Head of the Chechen Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a Night Wolves chapter in <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mark Galeotti, writing in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Moscow_Times" title="The Moscow Times">The Moscow Times</a></i>, described the Night Wolves as "a case study in the Kremlin's strategy of adopting and taming potentially hostile groups and using them precisely as tools of control—counter-counterculture, as it were."<sup id="cite_ref-MT150519_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MT150519-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_warfare" title="Hybrid warfare">Hybrid warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colectivo_(Venezuela)" title="Colectivo (Venezuela)">Colectivos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Romriell-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Romriell_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Romriell_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Romriell_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRomriell2003" class="citation journal cs1">Romriell, Lucas (January 2003). "The Wolfmen". <i>Cycle World</i>: 90–91.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cycle+World&rft.atitle=The+Wolfmen&rft.pages=90-91&rft.date=2003-01&rft.aulast=Romriell&rft.aufirst=Lucas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TH140302-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TH140302_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TH140302_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TH140302_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TH140302_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlsop2014" class="citation news cs1">Alsop, Harry (March 2, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/10670244/Meet-the-Night-Wolves-Putins-Hells-Angels.html">"Meet the Night Wolves – Putin's Hell's Angels"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Meet+the+Night+Wolves+%E2%80%93+Putin%27s+Hell%27s+Angels&rft.date=2014-03-02&rft.aulast=Alsop&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Frussia%2F10670244%2FMeet-the-Night-Wolves-Putins-Hells-Angels.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NWR-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NWR_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nwrussia.info/?page_id=187">"Nwrussia.info - Domain Name for Sale" <bdi lang="ru">Ночные Волки » История</bdi></a> [Night Wolves - History]. <i>Nwrussia.info</i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nwrussia.info&rft.atitle=Nwrussia.info+-+Domain+Name+for+Sale+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8+%C2%BB+%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nwrussia.info%2F%3Fpage_id%3D187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-750cc-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-750cc_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://750cc.ru/katalog-motocziklov-ural/volk.html">"Мотоцикл Урал Волк"</a>. <i>750cc.ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=750cc.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB+%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F750cc.ru%2Fkatalog-motocziklov-ural%2Fvolk.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LRB131010-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LRB131010_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LRB131010_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LRB131010_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LRB131010_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPomerantsev2013" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Pomerantsev" title="Peter Pomerantsev">Pomerantsev, Peter</a> (10 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v35/n19/peter-pomerantsev/forms-of-delirium">"Forms of Delirium"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/London_Review_of_Books" title="London Review of Books">London Review of Books</a>, Vol. 35, No. 19</i>. pp. 5–7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=London+Review+of+Books%2C+Vol.+35%2C+No.+19&rft.atitle=Forms+of+Delirium&rft.pages=5-7&rft.date=2013-10-10&rft.aulast=Pomerantsev&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrb.co.uk%2Fv35%2Fn19%2Fpeter-pomerantsev%2Fforms-of-delirium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TH121114-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TH121114_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParfitt2012" class="citation news cs1">Parfitt, Tom (November 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/vladimir-putin/9678136/Member-of-Vladimir-Putins-favourite-biker-group-shot-dead.html">"Member of Vladimir Putin's favourite biker group shot dead"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Member+of+Vladimir+Putin%27s+favourite+biker+group+shot+dead&rft.date=2012-11-14&rft.aulast=Parfitt&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fvladimir-putin%2F9678136%2FMember-of-Vladimir-Putins-favourite-biker-group-shot-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MT141221-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MT141221_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/kadyrov-shows-some-love-to-night-wolves-biker-gang/513710.html">"Kadyrov Shows Some Love to 'Night Wolves' Biker Gang"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Times">Moscow Times</a></i>. 21 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Kadyrov+Shows+Some+Love+to+%27Night+Wolves%27+Biker+Gang&rft.date=2014-12-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Fkadyrov-shows-some-love-to-night-wolves-biker-gang%2F513710.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MT150524-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MT150524_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTétrault-Farber2015" class="citation news cs1">Tétrault-Farber, Gabrielle (24 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/strongman-leader-kadyrov-named-honorary-chief-of-chechen-night-wolves/522231.html">"Strongman Leader Kadyrov Named Honorary Chief of Chechen Night Wolves"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Times">Moscow Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Strongman+Leader+Kadyrov+Named+Honorary+Chief+of+Chechen+Night+Wolves&rft.date=2015-05-24&rft.aulast=T%C3%A9trault-Farber&rft.aufirst=Gabrielle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Fstrongman-leader-kadyrov-named-honorary-chief-of-chechen-night-wolves%2F522231.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-night-wolves-slovakia/29392527.html">"Russia's Night Wolves Mark Territory In Slovakia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a>. July 26, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia%27s+Night+Wolves+Mark+Territory+In+Slovakia&rft.pub=Radio+Free+Europe%2FRadio+Liberty&rft.date=2018-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2Frussia-night-wolves-slovakia%2F29392527.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OPRF2014-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OPRF2014_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grants.oprf.ru/grants2014-1/winners/rec4606/"><bdi lang="ru">Молодежная автономная некоммерческая организация "Ночные Волки"</bdi></a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Civic_Chamber_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation">Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%22%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%22&rft.pub=Civic+Chamber+of+the+Russian+Federation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgrants.oprf.ru%2Fgrants2014-1%2Fwinners%2Frec4606%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoack2015" class="citation news cs1">Noack, Rick (25 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2015/04/25/an-ultra-nationalist-russian-biker-gang-is-invading-europe-and-poland-isnt-happy/">"An ultra-nationalist Russian biker gang is invading Europe, and Poland isn't happy"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=An+ultra-nationalist+Russian+biker+gang+is+invading+Europe%2C+and+Poland+isn%27t+happy&rft.date=2015-04-25&rft.aulast=Noack&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Fworldviews%2Fwp%2F2015%2F04%2F25%2Fan-ultra-nationalist-russian-biker-gang-is-invading-europe-and-poland-isnt-happy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKozlowska2015" class="citation web cs1">Kozlowska, Hanna (27 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qz.com/392315/poland-puts-a-stop-to-a-pro-putin-biker-gangs-european-invasion/">"Poland puts a stop to a pro-Putin biker gang's European invasion"</a>. <i>Quartz</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Quartz&rft.atitle=Poland+puts+a+stop+to+a+pro-Putin+biker+gang%27s+European+invasion&rft.date=2015-04-27&rft.aulast=Kozlowska&rft.aufirst=Hanna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fqz.com%2F392315%2Fpoland-puts-a-stop-to-a-pro-putin-biker-gangs-european-invasion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShuster2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Shuster, Simon (28 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/11680/crimea-russia-putin-night-wolves/">"Russia Ups the Ante in Crimea by Sending in the 'Night Wolves'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Time</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Russia+Ups+the+Ante+in+Crimea+by+Sending+in+the+%27Night+Wolves%27&rft.date=2014-02-28&rft.aulast=Shuster&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F11680%2Fcrimea-russia-putin-night-wolves%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Teleg150317-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Teleg150317_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Teleg150317_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParfitt2015" class="citation news cs1">Parfitt, Tom (17 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/11478456/Crimea-one-year-on-the-Night-Wolves-howl-for-Putin.html">"Crimea, one year on: the Night Wolves howl for Putin"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Crimea%2C+one+year+on%3A+the+Night+Wolves+howl+for+Putin&rft.date=2015-03-17&rft.aulast=Parfitt&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Fukraine%2F11478456%2FCrimea-one-year-on-the-Night-Wolves-howl-for-Putin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian.com-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian.com_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian.com_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuhn2015" class="citation web cs1">Luhn, Alec (25 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/25/poland-anti-russian-night-wolves-zaldostanov-motorcyclists-red-army">"Poland's stance is 'anti-Russian hysteria', says Night Wolves leader"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Poland%27s+stance+is+%27anti-Russian+hysteria%27%2C+says+Night+Wolves+leader&rft.date=2015-04-25&rft.aulast=Luhn&rft.aufirst=Alec&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2015%2Fapr%2F25%2Fpoland-anti-russian-night-wolves-zaldostanov-motorcyclists-red-army&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mail120419-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mail120419_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFАвто_Mail.ru2012" class="citation web cs1">Авто Mail.ru (19 April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://auto.mail.ru/moto/news/miscellaneous/2012/04/19/nochnye_volki_za_patriarha/">"Ночные волки за Патриарха - автоновости - Авто Mail.Ru"</a>. <i>Авто Mail.Ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE+Mail.Ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0+-+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+-+%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE+Mail.Ru&rft.date=2012-04-19&rft.au=%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE+Mail.ru&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauto.mail.ru%2Fmoto%2Fnews%2Fmiscellaneous%2F2012%2F04%2F19%2Fnochnye_volki_za_patriarha%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Teleg150324-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Teleg150324_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParfitt2015" class="citation news cs1">Parfitt, Tom (24 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/11492898/Putins-outrider-The-Surgeon-vows-to-quell-anti-Kremlin-dissent.html">"Putin's outrider: 'The Surgeon' vows to quell anti-Kremlin dissent"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Putin%27s+outrider%3A+%27The+Surgeon%27+vows+to+quell+anti-Kremlin+dissent&rft.date=2015-03-24&rft.aulast=Parfitt&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Frussia%2F11492898%2FPutins-outrider-The-Surgeon-vows-to-quell-anti-Kremlin-dissent.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFP150425-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AFP150425_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AFP150425_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AFP150425_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AFP150425_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopov2015" class="citation news cs1">Popov, Maxime (25 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/pro-kremlin-bikers-ride-berlin-defying-bans-germany-200159617.html">"Pro-Kremlin bikers ride for Berlin defying bans from Germany, Poland"</a>. Yahoo News. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Pro-Kremlin+bikers+ride+for+Berlin+defying+bans+from+Germany%2C+Poland&rft.date=2015-04-25&rft.aulast=Popov&rft.aufirst=Maxime&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fpro-kremlin-bikers-ride-berlin-defying-bans-germany-200159617.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-snyder140-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-snyder140_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnyder2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Snyder" title="Timothy Snyder">Snyder, Timothy</a> (2018). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Road_to_Unfreedom:_Russia,_Europe,_America" class="mw-redirect" title="The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America">The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America</a></i>. London, U.K.: The Bodley Head. p. 140. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-847-92526-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-847-92526-8"><bdi>978-1-847-92526-8</bdi></a>. <q>The public spectacle of the Russian invasion was provided by the Night Wolves, a Russian biker gang that served as a paramilitary and propaganda arm of the Putin regime.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Road+to+Unfreedom%3A+Russia%2C+Europe%2C+America&rft.place=London%2C+U.K.&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=The+Bodley+Head&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-847-92526-8&rft.aulast=Snyder&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MT150506-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MT150506_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MT150506_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolgov2015" class="citation news cs1">Dolgov, Anna (6 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themoscowtimes.com/business/news/article/night-wolves-received-millions-in-state-funds-to-produce-anti-western-childrens-shows/520252.html">"Navalny: Russian Bikers Given Grants to Stage Anti-Western Shows for Kids"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Times">Moscow Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Navalny%3A+Russian+Bikers+Given+Grants+to+Stage+Anti-Western+Shows+for+Kids&rft.date=2015-05-06&rft.aulast=Dolgov&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Fnight-wolves-received-millions-in-state-funds-to-produce-anti-western-childrens-shows%2F520252.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFE150505-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RFE150505_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RFE150505_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RFE150505_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rferl.org/content/russia-night-wolves-terrifying-kids-shows-putin-public-funds/26996590.html">"The Terrifying Kids Show Staged By Pro-Putin Bikers And Paid For By Taxpayers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a>. 5 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Terrifying+Kids+Show+Staged+By+Pro-Putin+Bikers+And+Paid+For+By+Taxpayers&rft.date=2015-05-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fcontent%2Frussia-night-wolves-terrifying-kids-shows-putin-public-funds%2F26996590.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/russian-bikers-and-war-veterans-given-grants-for-patriotic-youth-centers/540203.html">"Russian Bikers and War Veterans Given Grants for Patriotic Youth Centers"</a>. <i>Themoscowtimes.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Themoscowtimes.com&rft.atitle=Russian+Bikers+and+War+Veterans+Given+Grants+for+Patriotic+Youth+Centers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Frussian-bikers-and-war-veterans-given-grants-for-patriotic-youth-centers%2F540203.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tabor15-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tabor15_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTabor2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Tabor, Damon (8 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/putins-angels-inside-russias-most-infamous-motorcycle-club-56360/">"Putin's Angels: Inside Russia's Largest Motorcycle Club"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Putin%27s+Angels%3A+Inside+Russia%27s+Largest+Motorcycle+Club&rft.date=2015-10-08&rft.aulast=Tabor&rft.aufirst=Damon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fculture%2Fculture-news%2Fputins-angels-inside-russias-most-infamous-motorcycle-club-56360%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GN140228-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GN140228_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalem2014" class="citation news cs1">Salem, Harriet (February 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/28/ukraine-night-wolves-military-seize-crimea">"Ukraine: Night Wolves and unidentified military men seize key Crimea sites"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ukraine%3A+Night+Wolves+and+unidentified+military+men+seize+key+Crimea+sites&rft.date=2014-02-28&rft.aulast=Salem&rft.aufirst=Harriet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Ffeb%2F28%2Fukraine-night-wolves-military-seize-crimea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TH141221-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TH141221_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParfitt2014" class="citation news cs1">Parfitt, Tom (21 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/11306537/US-slaps-sanctions-on-Putins-biker-gang-over-Ukraine.html">"US slaps sanctions on Putin's biker gang over Ukraine"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=US+slaps+sanctions+on+Putin%27s+biker+gang+over+Ukraine&rft.date=2014-12-21&rft.aulast=Parfitt&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Fukraine%2F11306537%2FUS-slaps-sanctions-on-Putins-biker-gang-over-Ukraine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFE140811-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RFE140811_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKates2014" class="citation news cs1">Kates, Glenn (August 11, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rferl.org/content/feature/26525150.html">"Sevastopol's Olympic-Sized Take On Ukraine: Bikers, Ballet, And Swastikas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sevastopol%27s+Olympic-Sized+Take+On+Ukraine%3A+Bikers%2C+Ballet%2C+And+Swastikas&rft.date=2014-08-11&rft.aulast=Kates&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fcontent%2Ffeature%2F26525150.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BF140811-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BF140811_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeddon2014" class="citation news cs1">Seddon, Max (August 11, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buzzfeed.com/maxseddon/russian-motorbike-gang-tells-the-conflict-in-ukraine">"Watch The Pro-Putin Rally Where The War In Ukraine Was Performed By A Motorbike Gang"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BuzzFeed" title="BuzzFeed">BuzzFeed</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BuzzFeed&rft.atitle=Watch+The+Pro-Putin+Rally+Where+The+War+In+Ukraine+Was+Performed+By+A+Motorbike+Gang&rft.date=2014-08-11&rft.aulast=Seddon&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeed.com%2Fmaxseddon%2Frussian-motorbike-gang-tells-the-conflict-in-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Government of Canada 17 Febr. 2015: : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=934699&_ga=1.198933295.1671611780.1430298401">Expanded sanctions list</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.international.gc.ca/sanctions/countries-pays/russia_regulations-russie_reglements.aspx?lang=eng&_ga=1.134241521.1671611780.1430298401">Regulations Amending the Special Economic Measures (Russia) Regulations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518092221/http://www.international.gc.ca/sanctions/countries-pays/russia_regulations-russie_reglements.aspx?lang=eng&_ga=1.134241521.1671611780.1430298401">Archived</a> 2015-05-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBC150219-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CBC150219_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyer2015" class="citation news cs1">Dyer, Evan (19 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/alexander-zaldostanov-russian-biker-makes-canada-s-sanctions-list-1.2963463">"Alexander Zaldostanov, Russian biker, makes Canada's sanctions list"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Alexander+Zaldostanov%2C+Russian+biker%2C+makes+Canada%27s+sanctions+list&rft.date=2015-02-19&rft.aulast=Dyer&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Falexander-zaldostanov-russian-biker-makes-canada-s-sanctions-list-1.2963463&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CA150629-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CA150629_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150820173127/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2015/06/29/expanded-sanctions-list">"Expanded Sanctions List"</a>. <i>Pm.gc.ca</i>. 29 June 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2015/06/29/expanded-sanctions-list">the original</a> on 20 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pm.gc.ca&rft.atitle=Expanded+Sanctions+List&rft.date=2015-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpm.gc.ca%2Feng%2Fnews%2F2015%2F06%2F29%2Fexpanded-sanctions-list&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unian.info/world/1071128-polish-foreign-ministry-germany-cancels-russian-night-wolves-bikers-schengen-visas.html">"Polish Foreign Ministry: Germany cancels Russian Night Wolves bikers' Schengen visas"</a>. <i>Unian.info</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Unian.info&rft.atitle=Polish+Foreign+Ministry%3A+Germany+cancels+Russian+Night+Wolves+bikers%27+Schengen+visas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unian.info%2Fworld%2F1071128-polish-foreign-ministry-germany-cancels-russian-night-wolves-bikers-schengen-visas.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-32452276">"Poland bars Putin-backed bikers"</a>. BBC. 24 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poland+bars+Putin-backed+bikers&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2015-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-32452276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/1,114881,17817959,Nocne_Wilki_oddaly_hold_pomordowanym_w_Katyniu_polskim.html">"Nocne Wilki oddały hołd pomordowanym w Katyniu polskim oficerom"</a>. <i>Wiadomosci.gazeta.pl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wiadomosci.gazeta.pl&rft.atitle=Nocne+Wilki+odda%C5%82y+ho%C5%82d+pomordowanym+w+Katyniu+polskim+oficerom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiadomosci.gazeta.pl%2Fwiadomosci%2F1%2C114881%2C17817959%2CNocne_Wilki_oddaly_hold_pomordowanym_w_Katyniu_polskim.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150428152959/http://polska.newsweek.pl/czy-nocne-wilki-powinny-zostac-wpuszczone-do-polski-sondaz-newsweeka,artykuly,361750,1.html">"Nocne Wilki nie wjadą do Polski. Jest decyzja"</a>. <i>Polska.newsweek.pl</i>. 24 April 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://polska.newsweek.pl/czy-nocne-wilki-powinny-zostac-wpuszczone-do-polski-sondaz-newsweeka,artykuly,361750,1.html">the original</a> on 28 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Polska.newsweek.pl&rft.atitle=Nocne+Wilki+nie+wjad%C4%85+do+Polski.+Jest+decyzja&rft.date=2015-04-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolska.newsweek.pl%2Fczy-nocne-wilki-powinny-zostac-wpuszczone-do-polski-sondaz-newsweeka%2Cartykuly%2C361750%2C1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://niezalezna.pl/66418-niebywale-motocyklisci-z-rajdu-katynskiego-zapala-znicze-na-grobach-sowieckich-zolnierzy">"Niebywałe! Motocykliści z Rajdu Katyńskiego zapalą znicze na grobach sowieckich żołnierzy"</a>. <i>Niezalezna.pl</i>. 25 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Niezalezna.pl&rft.atitle=Niebywa%C5%82e%21+Motocykli%C5%9Bci+z+Rajdu+Katy%C5%84skiego+zapal%C4%85+znicze+na+grobach+sowieckich+%C5%BCo%C5%82nierzy&rft.date=2015-04-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fniezalezna.pl%2F66418-niebywale-motocyklisci-z-rajdu-katynskiego-zapala-znicze-na-grobach-sowieckich-zolnierzy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://niezalezna.pl/66081-komandor-wegrzyn-chwali-sie-imprezami-z-nocnym-wilkami-rodziny-katynskie-oburzone">"Komandor Wegrzyn chwali się imprezami z 'Nocnym Wilkami'. Rodziny Katyńskie oburzone"</a>. <i>Niezalezna.pl</i>. 15 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Niezalezna.pl&rft.atitle=Komandor+Wegrzyn+chwali+si%C4%99+imprezami+z+%27Nocnym+Wilkami%27.+Rodziny+Katy%C5%84skie+oburzone&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fniezalezna.pl%2F66081-komandor-wegrzyn-chwali-sie-imprezami-z-nocnym-wilkami-rodziny-katynskie-oburzone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518064950/http://xn--80ajgarobcee6b3h.xn--p1ai/finansyi-eng/russian-bikers-detained-in-the-airport-of-berlin/">"Russian bikers detained in the airport of Berlin - Полезно Знать"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xn--80ajgarobcee6b3h.xn--p1ai/finansyi-eng/russian-bikers-detained-in-the-airport-of-berlin/">the original</a> on 2015-05-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russian+bikers+detained+in+the+airport+of+Berlin+-+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxn--80ajgarobcee6b3h.xn--p1ai%2Ffinansyi-eng%2Frussian-bikers-detained-in-the-airport-of-berlin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.finlandtimes.fi/national/2015/05/06/16519/Night-Wolves-member-sent-back-to-Finland-from-Germany">"Night Wolves member sent back to Finland from Germany - national"</a>. <i>Finlandtimes.fi</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Finlandtimes.fi&rft.atitle=Night+Wolves+member+sent+back+to+Finland+from+Germany+-+national&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.finlandtimes.fi%2Fnational%2F2015%2F05%2F06%2F16519%2FNight-Wolves-member-sent-back-to-Finland-from-Germany&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32022R1270">"COUNCIL IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2022/1270 of 21 July 2022"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=COUNCIL+IMPLEMENTING+REGULATION+%28EU%29+2022%2F1270+of+21+July+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2Flegal-content%2FEN%2FTXT%2F%3Furi%3Dcelex%253A32022R1270&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TUS141219-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TUS141219_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TUS141219_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl9729.aspx">"Treasury Targets Additional Ukrainian Separatists and Russian Individuals and Entities"</a>. <i>Treasury.gov</i>. 19 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Treasury.gov&rft.atitle=Treasury+Targets+Additional+Ukrainian+Separatists+and+Russian+Individuals+and+Entities&rft.date=2014-12-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.treasury.gov%2Fpress-center%2Fpress-releases%2FPages%2Fjl9729.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themoscowtimes.com/news/more-to-russian-bikers-than-the-night-wolves-48542">More to Russian Bikers than the Night Wolves</a>". <i>Moscow Times</i>. 27 July 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2015/04/poland-denies-russia-night-wolves-bikers-entry-150427133730643.html">Poland denies Russia 'Night Wolves' bikers entry</a>". Al Jazeera. 27 April 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GN150115-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GN150115_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GN150115_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2015" class="citation web cs1">Walker, Shaun (15 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/15/group-anti-maidan-defend-russia-pro-democracy-protesters">"Patriotic group formed to defend Russia against pro-democracy protesters"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Patriotic+group+formed+to+defend+Russia+against+pro-democracy+protesters&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Shaun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2015%2Fjan%2F15%2Fgroup-anti-maidan-defend-russia-pro-democracy-protesters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MK150121-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MK150121_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interpretermag.com/putin-now-has-his-storm-troopers-and-pogroms-will-surely-follow-ganapolsky-says/">"Putin Now Has His Storm Troopers and Pogroms Will Surely Follow, Ganapolsky Says"</a>. <i>Interpretermag.com</i>. 23 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Interpretermag.com&rft.atitle=Putin+Now+Has+His+Storm+Troopers+and+Pogroms+Will+Surely+Follow%2C+Ganapolsky+Says&rft.date=2015-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interpretermag.com%2Fputin-now-has-his-storm-troopers-and-pogroms-will-surely-follow-ganapolsky-says%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><i>Original in Russian:</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGanapolskiy2015" class="citation web cs1">Ganapolskiy, Matvey (21 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mk.ru/social/2015/01/21/pogrom-sredi-yasnogo-neba.html">"Погром среди ясного неба"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Moskovskij_Komsomolets" title="Moskovskij Komsomolets">Moskovskij Komsomolets</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Moskovskij+Komsomolets&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8+%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B0&rft.date=2015-01-21&rft.aulast=Ganapolskiy&rft.aufirst=Matvey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mk.ru%2Fsocial%2F2015%2F01%2F21%2Fpogrom-sredi-yasnogo-neba.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yle.fi/uutiset/yon_sudet_ovat_valmiita_kuolemaan_venajan_puolesta_putin_on_vapauden_symboli/8892066">Yön sudet ovat valmiita kuolemaan Venäjän puolesta: "Putin on vapauden symboli"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yle" title="Yle">Yle</a>. 20 May 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Teleg150221-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Teleg150221_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParfittOliphant2015" class="citation news cs1">Parfitt, Tom; Oliphant, Roland (21 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/11426775/Thousands-take-part-in-Anti-Maidan-protest-in-Moscow-against-uprising-in-Ukraine.html">"Thousands take part in 'Anti-Maidan' protest in Moscow against uprising in Ukraine"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Thousands+take+part+in+%27Anti-Maidan%27+protest+in+Moscow+against+uprising+in+Ukraine&rft.date=2015-02-21&rft.aulast=Parfitt&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Oliphant%2C+Roland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Frussia%2F11426775%2FThousands-take-part-in-Anti-Maidan-protest-in-Moscow-against-uprising-in-Ukraine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFP141007-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AFP141007_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AFP141007_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLlobetPopov2014" class="citation news cs1">Llobet, Anais; Popov, Maxime (7 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-russias-night-wolves-ride-for-the-motherland-2014-10">"Leader Of Putin's Favorite Biker Gang: 'We Consider Ourselves Part Of The Army Of Russia'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Business Insider</i>. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Leader+Of+Putin%27s+Favorite+Biker+Gang%3A+%27We+Consider+Ourselves+Part+Of+The+Army+Of+Russia%27&rft.date=2014-10-07&rft.aulast=Llobet&rft.aufirst=Anais&rft.au=Popov%2C+Maxime&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fafp-russias-night-wolves-ride-for-the-motherland-2014-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160114033552/http://rbth.asia/society/2013/11/12/russias_night_wolves_ride_alongside_putin_48963.html">"Russia's Night Wolves ride alongside Putin | Russia Beyond the Headlines ASIA"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rbth.asia/society/2013/11/12/russias_night_wolves_ride_alongside_putin_48963.html">the original</a> on 2016-01-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia%27s+Night+Wolves+ride+alongside+Putin+%26%23124%3B+Russia+Beyond+the+Headlines+ASIA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frbth.asia%2Fsociety%2F2013%2F11%2F12%2Frussias_night_wolves_ride_alongside_putin_48963.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160601211724/http://www.independent.mk/articles/8587/Chechen+Leader+Joins+Night+Wolves+Motorcycle+Club">"Independent News for America - news and views from the US"</a>. <i>Independent News for America</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.mk/articles/8587/Chechen+Leader+Joins+Night+Wolves+Motorcycle+Club">the original</a> on 2016-06-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent+News+for+America&rft.atitle=Independent+News+for+America+-+news+and+views+from+the+US&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.mk%2Farticles%2F8587%2FChechen%2BLeader%2BJoins%2BNight%2BWolves%2BMotorcycle%2BClub&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180531013036/http://www.nightwolves.com.mk/index_eng.htm">"NIGHT WOLVES MG -Moto Club North Macedonia"</a>. <i>Nightwolves.com.mk</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nightwolves.com.mk/index_eng.htm">the original</a> on 31 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nightwolves.com.mk&rft.atitle=NIGHT+WOLVES+MG+-Moto+Club+North+Macedonia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nightwolves.com.mk%2Findex_eng.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MT150519-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MT150519_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaleotti2015" class="citation news cs1">Galeotti, Mark (19 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themoscowtimes.com/opinion/article/an-unusual-friendship-bikers-and-the-kremlin-op-ed/521763.html">"An Unusual Friendship: Bikers and the Kremlin (Op-Ed)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Times">Moscow Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=An+Unusual+Friendship%3A+Bikers+and+the+Kremlin+%28Op-Ed%29&rft.date=2015-05-19&rft.aulast=Galeotti&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2Fopinion%2Farticle%2Fan-unusual-friendship-bikers-and-the-kremlin-op-ed%2F521763.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANight+Wolves" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Night_Wolves" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Night Wolves">Night Wolves</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nightwolves.ru">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Euromaidan_and_the_Revolution_of_Dignity" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Euromaidan" title="Template:Euromaidan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Euromaidan" title="Template talk:Euromaidan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Euromaidan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Euromaidan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Euromaidan_and_the_Revolution_of_Dignity" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#eeeeee;"><div><b>21 November 2013 – 23 February 2014</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Main<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Euromaidan" title="Timeline of the Euromaidan">Timeline of the Euromaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_responses_to_the_Euromaidan" title="Domestic responses to the Euromaidan">Domestic responses to the Euromaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Euromaidan" title="International reactions to the Euromaidan">International reactions to the Euromaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_during_the_2013%E2%80%932014_Ukraine_crisis" title="Casualties during the 2013–2014 Ukraine crisis">Casualties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maidan_casualties" title="Maidan casualties">Heavenly Hundred</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Heavenly_Hundred_Heroes" title="Order of the Heavenly Hundred Heroes">Order of the Heavenly Hundred Heroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_monuments_to_Vladimir_Lenin_in_Ukraine" title="Demolition of monuments to Vladimir Lenin in Ukraine">Damaged communist monuments</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ukraine_EU.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Ukraine_EU.svg/89px-Ukraine_EU.svg.png" decoding="async" width="89" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Ukraine_EU.svg/134px-Ukraine_EU.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Ukraine_EU.svg/178px-Ukraine_EU.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1186" data-file-height="798" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Main<br />events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_December_2013_Euromaidan_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="1 December 2013 Euromaidan riots">1 December 2013 riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin_monument,_Kyiv" title="Vladimir Lenin monument, Kyiv">Fall of the monument to Lenin in Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_December_2013_Euromaidan_assault" title="11 December 2013 Euromaidan assault">11 December 2013 assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17_December_2013_Russian%E2%80%93Ukrainian_action_plan" title="17 December 2013 Russian–Ukrainian action plan">Ukrainian–Russian action plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Maidan" title="Anti-Maidan">Anti-Maidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasylkiv_terrorists_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasylkiv terrorists case">Vasylkiv terrorists case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-protest_laws_in_Ukraine" title="Anti-protest laws in Ukraine">Anti-protest laws in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Odesa_clashes" title="2014 Odesa clashes">2014 Odesa clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hrushevskoho_Street_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Hrushevskoho Street riots">2014 Hrushevskoho Street riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Euromaidan_regional_state_administration_occupations" title="2014 Euromaidan regional state administration occupations">2014 RSA occupations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_settlement_of_political_crisis_in_Ukraine" title="Agreement on settlement of political crisis in Ukraine">Agreement on settlement of political crisis in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Aftermath</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russian military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">2014 annexation of Crimea by Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Timeline of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Yatsenyuk_government" title="First Yatsenyuk government">First Yatsenyuk government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lustration_in_Ukraine" title="Lustration in Ukraine">Lustration in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decommunization_in_Ukraine" title="Decommunization in Ukraine">Decommunization in Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2014 Ukrainian presidential election">2014 Ukrainian presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_local_elections" title="2014 Ukrainian local elections">2014 Ukrainian local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Kyiv_local_election" title="2014 Kyiv local election">2014 Kyiv local election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Crimean_status_referendum" title="2014 Crimean status referendum">2014 Crimean status referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Donbas_status_referendums" title="2014 Donbas status referendums">2014 Donbas status referendums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_parliamentary_election" title="2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election">2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Main<br />places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maidan_Nezalezhnosti" title="Maidan Nezalezhnosti">Maidan Nezalezhnosti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezhyhirya_Residence" title="Mezhyhirya Residence">Mezhyhirya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khreshchatyk" title="Khreshchatyk">Khreshchatyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lypky" title="Lypky">Lypky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankova_Street" title="Bankova Street">Bankova Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Square_(Kyiv)" title="European Square (Kyiv)">European Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrushevsky_Street_(Kyiv)" title="Hrushevsky Street (Kyiv)">Hrushevskoho Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valeriy_Lobanovskyi_Dynamo_Stadium" title="Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium">Dynamo Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_City_Council" title="Kyiv City Council">Kyiv City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_Unions_Building_(Kyiv)" title="Trade Unions Building (Kyiv)">Trade Unions Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_House" title="Ukrainian House">Ukrainian House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariinskyi_Park" title="Mariinskyi Park">Mariinskyi Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_Palace" title="October Palace">October Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Conservatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv Conservatory">Kyiv Conservatory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">European<br />integration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">Ukraine–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Partnership" title="Eastern Partnership">Eastern Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Association_Agreement" title="European Union Association Agreement">European Union Association Agreement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93Ukraine_Association_Agreement" title="European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement">European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution of Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Protest<br />figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maidan_People%27s_Union" title="Maidan People's Union">Maidan People's Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan_Press" title="Euromaidan Press">Euromaidan Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Parliamentary</a> opposition parties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batkivshchyna" title="Batkivshchyna">Batkivshchyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svoboda_(political_party)" title="Svoboda (political party)">Svoboda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Democratic_Alliance_for_Reform" title="Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform">UDAR</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other parties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists" title="Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists">Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(Ukraine)" title="Democratic Alliance (Ukraine)">Democratic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_National_Assembly_%E2%80%93_Ukrainian_People%27s_Self-Defence" title="Ukrainian National Assembly – Ukrainian People's Self-Defence">UNA–UNSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Party_(Ukraine)#United_Left_and_Peasants" title="Justice Party (Ukraine)">United Left and Peasants</a></li></ul></li> <li>Civic organizations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automaidan" title="Automaidan">Automaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_Control" title="Road Control">Road Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidsich" title="Vidsich">Vidsich</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mejlis_of_the_Crimean_Tatar_People" title="Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People">Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People</a></li> <li>Militant groups <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right_Sector" title="Right Sector">Right Sector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spilna_Sprava" title="Spilna Sprava">Spilna Sprava</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Lead figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitali_Klitschko" title="Vitali Klitschko">Vitali Klitschko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arseniy_Yatsenyuk" title="Arseniy Yatsenyuk">Arseniy Yatsenyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleh_Tyahnybok" title="Oleh Tyahnybok">Oleh Tyahnybok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Lutsenko" title="Yuriy Lutsenko">Yuriy Lutsenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" title="Oleksandr Turchynov">Oleksandr Turchynov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Parubiy" title="Andriy Parubiy">Andriy Parubiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Sadovyi" title="Andriy Sadovyi">Andriy Sadovyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsen_Avakov" title="Arsen Avakov">Arsen Avakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruslana" title="Ruslana">Ruslana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetiana_Chornovol" title="Tetiana Chornovol">Tetiana Chornovol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmytro_Bulatov" title="Dmytro Bulatov">Dmytro Bulatov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmytro_Yarosh" title="Dmytro Yarosh">Dmytro Yarosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refat_Chubarov" title="Refat Chubarov">Refat Chubarov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Anti-protest<br />figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Azarov_government" title="Second Azarov government">Second Azarov government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)">Ministry of Internal Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Troops_of_Ukraine" title="Internal Troops of Ukraine">Internal Troops of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">Security Service of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkut_(special_police_force)" title="Berkut (special police force)">Berkut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militsiya_(Ukraine)" title="Militsiya (Ukraine)">Militsiya (Ukraine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Regions" title="Party of Regions">Party of Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titushky" title="Titushky">Titushky</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Night Wolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Cossacks" title="Don Cossacks">Don Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimaidan" class="mw-redirect" title="Antimaidan">Antimaidan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Lead figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych" title="Viktor Yanukovych">Viktor Yanukovych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Azarov" title="Mykola Azarov">Mykola Azarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Arbuzov" title="Serhiy Arbuzov">Serhiy Arbuzov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaliy_Zakharchenko" title="Vitaliy Zakharchenko">Vitaliy Zakharchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Yefremov" title="Oleksandr Yefremov">Oleksandr Yefremov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Klyuyev" title="Andriy Klyuyev">Andriy Klyuyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennadiy_Kernes" title="Hennadiy Kernes">Hennadiy Kernes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Dobkin" title="Mykhailo Dobkin">Mykhailo Dobkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Pshonka" title="Viktor Pshonka">Viktor Pshonka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olena_Lukash" title="Olena Lukash">Olena Lukash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Boyko" title="Yuriy Boyko">Yuriy Boyko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kozhara" title="Leonid Kozhara">Leonid Kozhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmytro_Tabachnyk" title="Dmytro Tabachnyk">Dmytro Tabachnyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Klymenko_(politician)" title="Oleksandr Klymenko (politician)">Oleksandr Klymenko</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Template:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Template talk:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Timeline of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">International reaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_units_in_the_2014_Crimean_crisis" title="List of military units in the 2014 Crimean crisis">List of military units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">International sanctions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_sanctioned_during_the_Ukrainian_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people sanctioned during the Ukrainian crisis">List of sanctioned individuals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_that_applied_sanctions_during_the_Crimean_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies that applied sanctions during the Crimean crisis">List of companies that applied sanctions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" title="2014 anti-war protests in Russia">2014 anti-war protests in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaction_of_Russian_intelligentsia_to_the_2014_annexation_of_Crimea" title="Reaction of Russian intelligentsia to the 2014 annexation of Crimea">Reaction of Russian intelligentsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Crimean_status_referendum" title="2014 Crimean status referendum">2014 Crimean status referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_68/262" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262">UN General Assembly Resolution 68/262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Crimea">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Republic of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Constitution of the Republic of Crimea">2014 Constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">Political status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Federal_District" title="Crimean Federal District">Crimean Federal District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_Russian_occupation_of_Crimea" title="Environmental impact of the Russian occupation of Crimea">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_speech_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin">Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_%22For_the_Return_of_Crimea%22" title="Medal "For the Return of Crimea"">Medal "For the Return of Crimea"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Crimean_Parliament" title="Capture of the Crimean Parliament">Capture of the Crimean Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Southern_Naval_Base" title="Capture of Southern Naval Base">Capture of Southern Naval Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Simferopol_incident" title="2014 Simferopol incident">2014 Simferopol incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Crimea" title="History of Crimea">History of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Empire">1783 annexation by Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_People%27s_Republic" title="Crimean People's Republic">Crimean People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">1921–1945 Crimean ASSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_the_Crimean_Tatars" title="Deportation of the Crimean Tatars">1944 deportation of the Crimean Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Oblast">1945–1991 Crimean Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_transfer_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 transfer of Crimea">1954 transfer of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%931992_Crimean_ASSR" class="mw-redirect" title="1991–1992 Crimean ASSR">1991–1992 Crimean ASSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(1992_to_1995)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Crimea (1992 to 1995)">Republic of Crimea (1992 to 1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_constitution_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 constitution of Crimea">1992 constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet_dispute" title="Black Sea Fleet dispute">Black Sea Fleet dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea (since 1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Crimea" title="President of Crimea">1994–1995 President of Crimea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Meshkov" title="Yuriy Meshkov">Yuriy Meshkov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum" title="Budapest Memorandum">1994 Budapest Memorandum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_Treaty_on_the_Status_and_Conditions_of_the_Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Partition Treaty on the Status and Conditions of the Black Sea Fleet">1997 Partition Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Constitution_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1998 Constitution of Crimea">1998 Constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Tuzla_Island_conflict" title="2003 Tuzla Island conflict">2003 Tuzla Island conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_anti-NATO_protests_in_Feodosia" title="2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia">2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Pact" title="Kharkiv Pact">2010 Kharkiv Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_policy_in_Ukraine#Bill_"On_the_principles_of_the_State_language_policy"" title="Language policy in Ukraine">2012 law on languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">2013–2014 Euromaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_G7_summit" title="40th G7 summit">40th G7 summit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_International_Airport" title="Simferopol International Airport">Simferopol Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_of_the_Supreme_Council_of_Crimea" title="Building of the Supreme Council of Crimea">Building of the Supreme Council of Crimea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_International_Airport" title="Sevastopol International Airport">Belbek Airport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Bridge" title="Crimean Bridge">Crimean Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donuzlav" title="Donuzlav">Donuzlav</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Russian_cruiser_Ochakov" title="Russian cruiser Ochakov">Ochakov</a></i> scuttling</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perevalne" title="Perevalne">Perevalne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armiansk" title="Armiansk">Armiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhankoi" title="Dzhankoi">Dzhankoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonhar" title="Chonhar">Chonhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Krym" title="Port Krym">Port Krym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strilkove" title="Strilkove">Strilkove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabat_Spit" title="Arabat Spit">Arabat Spit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novofedorivka" title="Novofedorivka">Novofedorivka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-Russian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada_of_Crimea" title="Verkhovna Rada of Crimea">Supreme Council of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Crimea" title="Council of Ministers of Crimea">Council of Ministers of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_City_Council" title="Sevastopol City Council">Sevastopol City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Troops" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Airborne Troops">Russian Airborne Troops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_green_men_(Russo-Ukrainian_War)" title="Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)">Little green men</a></li></ul></li> <li>Crimean <a href="/wiki/Berkut_(special_police_force)" title="Berkut (special police force)">Berkut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Unity" title="Russian Unity">Russian Unity</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Night Wolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Choice" title="Ukrainian Choice">Ukrainian Choice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Russia)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Shoigu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergey Shoigu">Sergey Shoigu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Surkov" title="Vladislav Surkov">Vladislav Surkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Gerasimov" title="Valery Gerasimov">Valery Gerasimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Sergun" title="Igor Sergun">Igor Sergun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Vitko" title="Aleksandr Vitko">Aleksandr Vitko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Belaventsev" title="Oleg Belaventsev">Oleg Belaventsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Minnikhanov" title="Rustam Minnikhanov">Rustam Minnikhanov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Crimea)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Aksyonov" title="Sergey Aksyonov">Sergey Aksyonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Konstantinov_(politician)" title="Vladimir Konstantinov (politician)">Vladimir Konstantinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Poklonskaya" title="Natalia Poklonskaya">Natalia Poklonskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Temirgaliev" title="Rustam Temirgaliev">Rustam Temirgaliev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Berezovsky" title="Denis Berezovsky">Denis Berezovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yeliseyev_(admiral)" title="Sergei Yeliseyev (admiral)">Sergei Yeliseyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Chaly" title="Aleksei Chaly">Aleksei Chaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Bezler" title="Igor Bezler">Igor Besler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-Ukrainian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Yatsenyuk_government" title="First Yatsenyuk government">Yatsenyuk government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Parliamentary</a> parties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-Ukrainian_Union_%22Fatherland%22" class="mw-redirect" title="All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland"">Batkivshchyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_(political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom (political party)">Svoboda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Democratic_Alliance_for_Reform" title="Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform">UDAR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Armed Forces of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Ground_Forces" title="Ukrainian Ground Forces">Ukrainian Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Ukrainian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Ukraine" title="National Guard of Ukraine">National Guard of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mejlis_of_the_Crimean_Tatar_People" title="Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People">Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Sector" title="Right Sector">Right Sector</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Ukraine)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" title="Oleksandr Turchynov">Oleksandr Turchynov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arseniy_Yatsenyuk" title="Arseniy Yatsenyuk">Arseniy Yatsenyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Parubiy" title="Andriy Parubiy">Andriy Parubiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsen_Avakov" title="Arsen Avakov">Arsen Avakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentyn_Nalyvaichenko" title="Valentyn Nalyvaichenko">Valentyn Nalyvaichenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihor_Tenyukh" title="Ihor Tenyukh">Ihor Tenyukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Kutsyn" title="Mykhailo Kutsyn">Mykhailo Kutsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Hayduk" title="Serhiy Hayduk">Serhiy Hayduk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Crimea)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Dzhemilev" title="Mustafa Dzhemilev">Mustafa Dzhemilev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refat_Chubarov" title="Refat Chubarov">Refat Chubarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lmi_%C3%9Cmerov" title="İlmi Ümerov">İlmi Ümerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahtem_Chiygoz" title="Ahtem Chiygoz">Ahtem Chiygoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Kunitsyn" title="Serhiy Kunitsyn">Serhiy Kunitsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuliy_Mamchur" title="Yuliy Mamchur">Yuliy Mamchur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russo-Ukrainian_War" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Template:Russo-Ukrainian War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Template talk:Russo-Ukrainian War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russo-Ukrainian War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russo-Ukrainian_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet_dispute" title="Black Sea Fleet dispute">Black Sea Fleet dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum" title="Budapest Memorandum">Budapest Memorandum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Tuzla_Island_conflict" title="2003 Tuzla Island conflict">2003 Tuzla Island conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Munich_speech_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="2007 Munich speech of Vladimir Putin">2007 Munich speech of Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" title="Russia–Ukraine gas disputes">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putinism" title="Putinism">Putinism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Foundations_of_Geopolitics" title="Foundations of Geopolitics">Foundations of Geopolitics</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruscism" title="Ruscism">Ruscism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_irredentism" title="Russian irredentism">Russian irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_imperialism" title="Russian imperialism">Russian imperialism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Outline of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Main events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Timeline of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Odesa_clashes" title="2014 Odesa clashes">2014 Odesa clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_units_which_invaded_the_territory_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Russian units which invaded the territory of Ukraine">List of Russian units which invaded the territory of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch_Strait_incident" title="Kerch Strait incident">Kerch Strait incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagnergate" title="Wagnergate">Wagnergate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_2021%E2%80%932022_Russo-Ukrainian_crisis" title="Reactions to the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis">reactions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_annexation_of_Donetsk,_Kherson,_Luhansk_and_Zaporizhzhia_oblasts" title="Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts">2022 Russian annexation referendums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Belgorod_Oblast_incursions" title="2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions">2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Kakhovka_Dam" title="Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam">destruction of the Kakhovka Dam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Impact and<br />reactions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">International sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_and_organizations_sanctioned_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of people and organizations sanctioned during the Russo-Ukrainian War">sanctioned people and organisations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_gas_dispute" title="2022–2023 Russia–European Union gas dispute">2022–2023 Russia–European Union gas dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Military aid to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSCE_Special_Monitoring_Mission_to_Ukraine" title="OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine">OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Support_for_the_Sovereignty,_Integrity,_Democracy,_and_Economic_Stability_of_Ukraine_Act_of_2014" title="Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014">Act of 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="China and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">China and the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korea and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">North Korea and the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Iran and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Iran and the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_v._Russian_Federation_(2019)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukraine v. Russian Federation (2019)">ICJ case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian-occupied_territories_of_Ukraine" title="Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine">ORDLO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-terrorist_Operation_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-terrorist Operation Zone">ATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_war_in_Donbas" title="International reactions to the war in Donbas">International reactions to the war in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_journalists_killed_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of journalists killed during the Russo-Ukrainian War">journalists killed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_fighters_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Foreign fighters in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Foreign fighters in the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Crimean_status_referendum" title="2014 Crimean status referendum">2014 Crimean status referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">Political status of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Black_Sea_incident" title="2021 Black Sea incident">2021 Black Sea incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_global_supply_chain_crisis" title="2021–2023 global supply chain crisis">2021–2023 global supply chain crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Economic impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Economic impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Eurointegration of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_imagery_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Soviet imagery during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Soviet imagery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Democracy_Defense_Lend-Lease_Act_of_2022" title="Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022">Lend-Lease (2022)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_expulsions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Diplomatic expulsions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Diplomatic expulsions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_spies_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Russian spies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_arrest_warrants_for_Vladimir_Putin_and_Maria_Lvova-Belova" class="mw-redirect" title="ICC arrest warrants for Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova">ICC arrest warrant for Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_rebellion" title="Wagner Group rebellion">Wagner Group rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_people_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="LGBT people in the Russo-Ukrainian War">LGBT people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil_oil_transit_dispute" title="Lukoil oil transit dispute">Lukoil oil transit dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_energy_crisis" title="Ukrainian energy crisis">Ukrainian energy crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_cyberwarfare" title="Russo-Ukrainian cyberwarfare">Cyberwarfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Ukraine_power_grid_hack" title="2015 Ukraine power grid hack">2015 Ukraine power grid hack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Kyiv_cyberattack" title="2016 Kyiv cyberattack">2016 Kyiv cyberattack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surkov_leaks" title="Surkov leaks">2016 Surkov leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Ukraine_ransomware_attacks" title="2017 Ukraine ransomware attacks">2017 Ukraine ransomware attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ukraine_cyberattacks" title="2022 Ukraine cyberattacks">2022 Ukraine cyberattacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_Army_of_Ukraine" title="IT Army of Ukraine">IT Army of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Anonymous and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 activities of Anonymous against Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ukrainian_cyberattacks_against_Russia" title="2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia">2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_green_men_(Russo-Ukrainian_War)" title="Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)">Little green men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Social media in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_portrayal_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Media portrayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Disinformation in the 2022 invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Propaganda in Russia">Propaganda in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russo-Ukrainian_War_films" title="List of Russo-Ukrainian War films">Films</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Russia–Ukraine relations">Russia–Ukraine relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language_in_Ukraine" title="Russian language in Ukraine">Russian language in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_monuments_to_Vladimir_Lenin_in_Ukraine" title="Demolition of monuments to Vladimir Lenin in Ukraine">Demolition of monuments to Vladimir Lenin in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" title="2014 anti-war protests in Russia">2014 anti-war protests in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruscism" title="Ruscism">Ruscism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Moscow%E2%80%93Constantinople_schism" title="2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism">2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_control_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Territorial control during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Control of cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_losses_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of aircraft losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Aircraft losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ship_losses_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of ship losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Ship losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova_and_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Moldova and the Russo-Ukrainian War">Moldova and the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_and_electronic_warfare" title="Ukraine and electronic warfare">Ukraine and electronic warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_conscription_crisis" title="Ukrainian conscription crisis">Ukrainian conscription crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_abductions_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Child abductions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Forced transfer of Ukrainian children to Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Category:Russo-Ukrainian War">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&oldid=1257935808">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&oldid=1257935808</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Clubs_and_societies_in_Russia" title="Category:Clubs and societies in Russia">Clubs and societies in Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Euromaidan" title="Category:Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Motorcycle_clubs" title="Category:Motorcycle clubs">Motorcycle clubs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1989_establishments_in_Russia" title="Category:1989 establishments in Russia">1989 establishments in Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Russian_entities_subject_to_U.S._Department_of_the_Treasury_sanctions" title="Category:Russian entities subject to U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions">Russian entities subject to U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anti-Ukrainian_sentiment_in_Russia" title="Category:Anti-Ukrainian sentiment in Russia">Anti-Ukrainian sentiment in Russia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Russian-language_script_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 uses Russian-language script (ru)">CS1 uses Russian-language script (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)">CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infoboxes_without_native_name_language_parameter" title="Category:Infoboxes without native name language parameter">Infoboxes without native name language parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Russian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Russian-language text">Articles containing Russian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia" title="Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia">Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:Articles with Russian-language sources (ru)">Articles with Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_video_clips" title="Category:Articles containing video clips">Articles containing video clips</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 November 2024, at 09:05<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Night_Wolves&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-sqdgf","wgBackendResponseTime":160,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.745","walltime":"0.897","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4118,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":178192,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2742,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":200304,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 744.470 1 -total"," 40.03% 298.025 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.80% 102.711 1 Template:Euromaidan"," 13.56% 100.971 1 Template:Civil_navigation"," 13.20% 98.306 1 Template:Lang-rus"," 12.72% 94.716 1 Template:Language_with_name"," 12.54% 93.348 1 Template:Lang"," 11.96% 89.066 25 Template:Cite_web"," 9.35% 69.622 1 Template:Cite_journal"," 8.69% 64.711 1 Template:Infobox_organization"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.462","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":18908427,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-ftqjr","timestamp":"20241204015731","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Night Wolves","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Night_Wolves","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q4327794","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q4327794","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2014-02-26T05:11:05Z","dateModified":"2024-11-17T09:05:33Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/4\/4b\/Night_Wolves_logo.jpg","headline":"Russian motorcycle club"}</script> </body> </html>