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sanitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_water_supply_and_sanitation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29048262" data-work_id="29048262" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29048262/Reframing_water_efficiency_Designing_approaches_that_reconfigure_the_shared_and_collective_aspects_of_everyday_water_use">Reframing water efficiency: Designing approaches that reconfigure the shared and collective aspects of everyday water use.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This report summarises the findings from PhD research carried out by Claire Hoolohan, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council and Thames Water, and supervised by Alice Larkin (Tyndall Centre, University of Manchester) and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29048262" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This report summarises the findings from PhD research carried out by Claire Hoolohan, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council and Thames Water, and supervised by Alice Larkin (Tyndall Centre, University of Manchester) and Alison Browne (University of Manchester). <br /><br />The findings explore alternative framings of water efficiency intervention that step away from conventional psycho-economic approaches that are favoured in the water industry, towards those that contribute to social, cultural and technological change to bring about more sustainable patterns of everyday water use. The research is based on Case studies of two innovative case study initiatives, interviews with stakeholders across the water industry and workshops with representatives from across the water companies. <br /><br />For more information contact the author: <a href="mailto:claire.hoolohan@manchester.ac.uk" rel="nofollow">claire.hoolohan@manchester.ac.uk</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29048262" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b9b5e84372d6a80076f6b59efff7619f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49501433,"asset_id":29048262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49501433/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10214881" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan">Claire Hoolohan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10214881" type="text/json">{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29048262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29048262"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29048262, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29048262", }); 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The research is based on Case studies of two innovative case study initiatives, interviews with stakeholders across the water industry and workshops with representatives from across the water companies. \n\nFor more information contact the author: claire.hoolohan@manchester.ac.uk","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49501433,"asset_id":29048262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":209,"name":"Social Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Theory?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":1582,"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Production_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":8801,"name":"Natural Resource Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Resource_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":14084,"name":"Energy and Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_and_Environment?f_ri=219105"},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=219105"},{"id":42230,"name":"Demand Side Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Side_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":66263,"name":"Water Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand?f_ri=219105"},{"id":77771,"name":"Water sensitive urban design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_sensitive_urban_design?f_ri=219105"},{"id":104394,"name":"Sustainable Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Consumption?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":536880,"name":"Social Practice Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Practice_Theory?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31824947" data-work_id="31824947" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31824947/Hacia_un_concepto_de_Vocaci%C3%B3n_de_Cuenca_para_la_Gesti%C3%B3n_Integrada_de_Recursos_H%C3%ADdricos">Hacia un concepto de Vocación de Cuenca para la Gestión Integrada de Recursos Hídricos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The increasing water demand along with the constant threat of water scarcity requires considering the complexity of the links among the various activities carried out in a basin. This implies that decision makers must know the potential... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31824947" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The increasing water demand along with the constant threat of water scarcity requires<br />considering the complexity of the links among the various activities carried out in a basin.<br />This implies that decision makers must know the potential uses of water and its current<br />distribution considering the social, economic and environmental dimension from a<br />comprehensive perspective. In response to this need, the aim of this research is to propose<br />the concept of “Basin Vocation” from the principles of Integrated Water Resources<br />Management, local and sustainable development. For this, it designed a review using a<br />deductive method considering two research assumptions: a) The basin vocation must be the<br />guiding principle and, b) its determination must be under a comprehensive methodology.<br />Basin vocation was defined as the use or set of water uses from a basin that integrate<br />synergistically the social, economic and environmental benefits, within the possibilities<br />offered by the system of material support, and consistent with the basin local development<br />objective. It’s concluded that the basin vocation can be an essential tool to ensure the<br />sustainability of water resource management and promote coherent local development with<br />historical tradition and lifestyle of the community.<br />Key words: Integrated Water Resources Management, Water</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31824947" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="51b9b3025d46d5bb498ba09a5cdaf6b7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52119747,"asset_id":31824947,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52119747/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9561986" href="https://uchile.academia.edu/MaximilianoBoladosArratia">Maximiliano Bolados Arratia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9561986" type="text/json">{"id":9561986,"first_name":"Maximiliano","last_name":"Bolados Arratia","domain_name":"uchile","page_name":"MaximilianoBoladosArratia","display_name":"Maximiliano Bolados Arratia","profile_url":"https://uchile.academia.edu/MaximilianoBoladosArratia?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9561986/8252689/9232309/s65_maximiliano.bolados_arratia.jpg_oh_306eaccaedf9e31551c0fd52cbc23037_oe_55b2d899___gda___1437669134_31f714ec0bcf961d1a7d88164f437928"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31824947 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31824947"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31824947, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31824947", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31824947]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31824947").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31824947").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31824947"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3126" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Ecology">Political Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3126" type="text/json">{"id":3126,"name":"Political Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Ecology?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33825" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Water_Resources_Management">Integrated Water Resources Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33825" type="text/json">{"id":33825,"name":"Integrated Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31824947]'), work: {"id":31824947,"title":"Hacia un concepto de Vocación de Cuenca para la Gestión Integrada de Recursos Hídricos","created_at":"2017-03-11T20:46:06.224-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31824947/Hacia_un_concepto_de_Vocaci%C3%B3n_de_Cuenca_para_la_Gesti%C3%B3n_Integrada_de_Recursos_H%C3%ADdricos?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_31824947","summary":"The increasing water demand along with the constant threat of water scarcity requires\nconsidering the complexity of the links among the various activities carried out in a basin.\nThis implies that decision makers must know the potential uses of water and its current\ndistribution considering the social, economic and environmental dimension from a\ncomprehensive perspective. In response to this need, the aim of this research is to propose\nthe concept of “Basin Vocation” from the principles of Integrated Water Resources\nManagement, local and sustainable development. For this, it designed a review using a\ndeductive method considering two research assumptions: a) The basin vocation must be the\nguiding principle and, b) its determination must be under a comprehensive methodology.\nBasin vocation was defined as the use or set of water uses from a basin that integrate\nsynergistically the social, economic and environmental benefits, within the possibilities\noffered by the system of material support, and consistent with the basin local development\nobjective. It’s concluded that the basin vocation can be an essential tool to ensure the\nsustainability of water resource management and promote coherent local development with\nhistorical tradition and lifestyle of the community.\nKey words: Integrated Water Resources Management, Water","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52119747,"asset_id":31824947,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9561986,"first_name":"Maximiliano","last_name":"Bolados Arratia","domain_name":"uchile","page_name":"MaximilianoBoladosArratia","display_name":"Maximiliano Bolados Arratia","profile_url":"https://uchile.academia.edu/MaximilianoBoladosArratia?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9561986/8252689/9232309/s65_maximiliano.bolados_arratia.jpg_oh_306eaccaedf9e31551c0fd52cbc23037_oe_55b2d899___gda___1437669134_31f714ec0bcf961d1a7d88164f437928"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3126,"name":"Political Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Ecology?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":33825,"name":"Integrated Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1493592" data-work_id="1493592" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1493592/Urban_Water_Cycles_in_Egypt_Current_situation_and_project_examples">Urban Water Cycles in Egypt: Current situation and project examples</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Water scarcity is one of the utmost issues and challenges of the 21st century. It is not only thequantity aspect causing the main problems, but furthermore the quality, distribution and thewasteful management. Estimated climate change,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1493592" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Water scarcity is one of the utmost issues and challenges of the 21st century. It is not only thequantity aspect causing the main problems, but furthermore the quality, distribution and thewasteful management. Estimated climate change, population growth and economicdevelopments further strain available water sources. As the Middle East and North Africa is aregion of great interest to me, this paper presents an overall introductory on the watersituation in Egypt. Basic country and water characteristics are presented, followed by someproject examples and current solutions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1493592" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15f46df10124b5f510e92fde40568aad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":11710939,"asset_id":1493592,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/11710939/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1191362" href="https://hcu-hamburg.academia.edu/IsmailKhater">Ismail Khater</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1191362" type="text/json">{"id":1191362,"first_name":"Ismail","last_name":"Khater","domain_name":"hcu-hamburg","page_name":"IsmailKhater","display_name":"Ismail Khater","profile_url":"https://hcu-hamburg.academia.edu/IsmailKhater?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1191362/1037082/13240773/s65_ismail.khater.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1493592 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1493592"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1493592, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1493592", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1493592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1493592").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1493592").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1493592"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Development">Sustainable Development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4524" type="text/json">{"id":4524,"name":"Sustainable Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Development?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12537" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt">Egypt</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12537" type="text/json">{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64055" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Supply">Water Supply</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64055" type="text/json">{"id":64055,"name":"Water Supply","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Supply?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="218961" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_scarcity">Water scarcity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="218961" type="text/json">{"id":218961,"name":"Water scarcity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_scarcity?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1493592]'), work: {"id":1493592,"title":"Urban Water Cycles in Egypt: Current situation and project examples","created_at":"2012-03-31T06:17:14.882-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1493592/Urban_Water_Cycles_in_Egypt_Current_situation_and_project_examples?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_1493592","summary":"Water scarcity is one of the utmost issues and challenges of the 21st century. It is not only thequantity aspect causing the main problems, but furthermore the quality, distribution and thewasteful management. Estimated climate change, population growth and economicdevelopments further strain available water sources. As the Middle East and North Africa is aregion of great interest to me, this paper presents an overall introductory on the watersituation in Egypt. Basic country and water characteristics are presented, followed by someproject examples and current solutions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":11710939,"asset_id":1493592,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1191362,"first_name":"Ismail","last_name":"Khater","domain_name":"hcu-hamburg","page_name":"IsmailKhater","display_name":"Ismail Khater","profile_url":"https://hcu-hamburg.academia.edu/IsmailKhater?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1191362/1037082/13240773/s65_ismail.khater.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4524,"name":"Sustainable Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Development?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":64055,"name":"Water Supply","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Supply?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":218961,"name":"Water scarcity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_scarcity?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69649755" data-work_id="69649755" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69649755/Water_Management_in_Islam">Water Management in Islam</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This volume presents the Islamic perspectives on a number of proposed water-management policies, including water demand management, wastewater reuse, and higher tariffs. The book opens avenues for a wider dialogue amongst researchers... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69649755" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This volume presents the Islamic perspectives on a number of proposed water-management policies, including water demand management, wastewater reuse, and higher tariffs. The book opens avenues for a wider dialogue amongst researchers working at identifying the most promising water management policies, adds to our knowledge of some of the influences on formal policy and informal practice, and makes these ideals available to a broader public. It serves as a concrete example of the benefit of examining development on the context of values and culture. Its also dispels common misconceptions about the Islamic view on water management practices such as selling water and wastewater reuse.<br /><br />Water Management in Islam will interest researchers, scholars, and students in natural resource management, Islamic studies, Middle Eastern studies, development studies, and public policy. It will also be of interest to professionals, including policy makers in donor organizations, development organizations, NGO’s and government departments and agencies, both North and South, working in the area of water management.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69649755" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="000ff0fc000efe551479d98db1154dd8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79663319,"asset_id":69649755,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79663319/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30458579" href="https://glasgow.academia.edu/ProfAsitKBiswas">Prof. Asit K . Biswas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30458579" type="text/json">{"id":30458579,"first_name":"Prof. Asit","last_name":"Biswas","domain_name":"glasgow","page_name":"ProfAsitKBiswas","display_name":"Prof. Asit K . Biswas","profile_url":"https://glasgow.academia.edu/ProfAsitKBiswas?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30458579/8867181/20050724/s65_prof._asit_k..biswas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69649755 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69649755"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69649755, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69649755", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_69649755 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69649755; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_69649755"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_69649755 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69649755"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69649755; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69649755]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69649755").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69649755").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69649755"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5218" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Studies">Iranian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5218" type="text/json">{"id":5218,"name":"Iranian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Studies?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45401" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Management">Water Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45401" type="text/json">{"id":45401,"name":"Water Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219104" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Conservation">Water Conservation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="219104" type="text/json">{"id":219104,"name":"Water Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Conservation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69649755]'), work: {"id":69649755,"title":"Water Management in Islam","created_at":"2022-01-27T08:21:00.279-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69649755/Water_Management_in_Islam?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_69649755","summary":"This volume presents the Islamic perspectives on a number of proposed water-management policies, including water demand management, wastewater reuse, and higher tariffs. The book opens avenues for a wider dialogue amongst researchers working at identifying the most promising water management policies, adds to our knowledge of some of the influences on formal policy and informal practice, and makes these ideals available to a broader public. It serves as a concrete example of the benefit of examining development on the context of values and culture. Its also dispels common misconceptions about the Islamic view on water management practices such as selling water and wastewater reuse.\n\nWater Management in Islam will interest researchers, scholars, and students in natural resource management, Islamic studies, Middle Eastern studies, development studies, and public policy. It will also be of interest to professionals, including policy makers in donor organizations, development organizations, NGO’s and government departments and agencies, both North and South, working in the area of water management.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79663319,"asset_id":69649755,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30458579,"first_name":"Prof. Asit","last_name":"Biswas","domain_name":"glasgow","page_name":"ProfAsitKBiswas","display_name":"Prof. Asit K . Biswas","profile_url":"https://glasgow.academia.edu/ProfAsitKBiswas?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30458579/8867181/20050724/s65_prof._asit_k..biswas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5218,"name":"Iranian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Studies?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":45401,"name":"Water Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219104,"name":"Water Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Conservation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":241380,"name":"Water Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Rights?f_ri=219105"},{"id":334748,"name":"Water Markets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Markets?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3612227" data-work_id="3612227" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3612227/FreeRain_a_business_plan">FreeRain – a business plan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present document is an intrapreneurship proposal for reducing significantly the water consumption of selected domestic households by building customised rainwater collection systems. The value proposition for the client is to generate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3612227" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present document is an intrapreneurship proposal for reducing significantly the water consumption of selected domestic households by building customised rainwater collection systems. The value proposition for the client is to generate sufficiently high volumes of usable water from rain with the intention of significantly reducing water bills and sustaining a sufficiently large stock for drought periods.  The business intention is to create a wholly-owned subsidiary business unit, called “FreeRain”, operating with the existing resources of Sotravic Ltée in order to contribute profitable revenue and at the same time formalise the training process of direct labour – specifically pipe layers – within the company. The business venture will be operated from the head office of Sotravic itself, and will cover all the sites where the company is awarded the construction of reticulation (water or sewerage) networks.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3612227" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0b6a521bcab7d0b450b9e7c3bb022a5c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31305330,"asset_id":3612227,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31305330/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3457858" href="https://uclan.academia.edu/AkashGURAGOREDO">Akash GURA GOREDO</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3457858" type="text/json">{"id":3457858,"first_name":"Akash","last_name":"GURA GOREDO","domain_name":"uclan","page_name":"AkashGURAGOREDO","display_name":"Akash GURA GOREDO","profile_url":"https://uclan.academia.edu/AkashGURAGOREDO?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3457858/1970314/2328058/s65_akash.gura_goredo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3612227 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3612227"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3612227, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3612227", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3612227 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3612227; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3612227"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3612227 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3612227"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3612227; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3612227]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3612227").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3612227").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3612227"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2606" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_statistics">Innovation statistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2606" type="text/json">{"id":2606,"name":"Innovation statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_statistics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9960" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intrapreneurship">Intrapreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9960" type="text/json">{"id":9960,"name":"Intrapreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intrapreneurship?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3612227]'), work: {"id":3612227,"title":"FreeRain – a business plan","created_at":"2013-05-26T20:37:08.240-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3612227/FreeRain_a_business_plan?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_3612227","summary":"The present document is an intrapreneurship proposal for reducing significantly the water consumption of selected domestic households by building customised rainwater collection systems. The value proposition for the client is to generate sufficiently high volumes of usable water from rain with the intention of significantly reducing water bills and sustaining a sufficiently large stock for drought periods. The business intention is to create a wholly-owned subsidiary business unit, called “FreeRain”, operating with the existing resources of Sotravic Ltée in order to contribute profitable revenue and at the same time formalise the training process of direct labour – specifically pipe layers – within the company. The business venture will be operated from the head office of Sotravic itself, and will cover all the sites where the company is awarded the construction of reticulation (water or sewerage) networks.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31305330,"asset_id":3612227,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3457858,"first_name":"Akash","last_name":"GURA GOREDO","domain_name":"uclan","page_name":"AkashGURAGOREDO","display_name":"Akash GURA GOREDO","profile_url":"https://uclan.academia.edu/AkashGURAGOREDO?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3457858/1970314/2328058/s65_akash.gura_goredo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":2606,"name":"Innovation statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_statistics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":9960,"name":"Intrapreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intrapreneurship?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":10688,"name":"Rainwater Harvesting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rainwater_Harvesting?f_ri=219105"},{"id":39896,"name":"Business Plan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Plan?f_ri=219105"},{"id":44473,"name":"Water Footprint","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Footprint?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":262915,"name":"Business Plans \u0026 Marketing Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Plans_and_Marketing_Strategy?f_ri=219105"},{"id":588185,"name":"Start-Up","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Start-Up?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42191645" data-work_id="42191645" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42191645/Hydroelectricity_consumption_forecast_for_Pakistan_using_ARIMA_modeling_and_supply_demand_analysis_for_the_year_2030">Hydroelectricity consumption forecast for Pakistan using ARIMA modeling and supply-demand analysis for the year 2030</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The amount of electricity generation and its availability to the residents of a country reflects its level of development and economic condition. Water being one of the cheapest and renewable sources of energy, is being used to produce... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42191645" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The amount of electricity generation and its availability to the residents of a country reflects its level of development and economic condition. Water being one of the cheapest and renewable sources of energy, is being used to produce one-quarter of the total electricity production in Pakistan. This article presents a forecasting study of hydroelectricity consumption in Pakistan based on the historical data of past 53 years using Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving-Average (ARIMA) modeling. Based on the developed forecasting equation, the hydroelectricity consumption was predicted up to the year 2030. For validating the reliability of the forecasted data, the results were compared to the actual values which showed good fit with minimum deviation. The forecasted values of hydroelectricity consumption revealed an average annual increment of 1.65% with a cumulative increase of 23.4% up to the year 2030. The results were compared with the hydroelectricity generation plans of the Government of Pakistan for its effectiveness. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to study the relation of hydroelectricity consumption to the annual population and GDP growth rate of the country. The research shall significantly prove to be useful in better planning and management of water resources of Pakistan for future.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42191645" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9fc1d37c51562575d3c0bc11d757b760" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":118708385,"asset_id":42191645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118708385/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4231529" href="https://iabfu.academia.edu/RehanJamil">Rehan Jamil</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4231529" type="text/json">{"id":4231529,"first_name":"Rehan","last_name":"Jamil","domain_name":"iabfu","page_name":"RehanJamil","display_name":"Rehan Jamil","profile_url":"https://iabfu.academia.edu/RehanJamil?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4231529/1671034/36445364/s65_rehan.jamil.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42191645 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42191645"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42191645, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42191645", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42191645]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42191645").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42191645").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42191645"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6962" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Conservation">Energy Conservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6962" type="text/json">{"id":6962,"name":"Energy Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Conservation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7361" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7361" type="text/json">{"id":7361,"name":"Pakistan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pakistan?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11397" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Consumption">Energy Consumption</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11397" type="text/json">{"id":11397,"name":"Energy Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23590" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Analysis">Demand Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23590" type="text/json">{"id":23590,"name":"Demand Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Analysis?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42191645]'), work: {"id":42191645,"title":"Hydroelectricity consumption forecast for Pakistan using ARIMA modeling and supply-demand analysis for the year 2030","created_at":"2020-03-11T02:12:06.021-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42191645/Hydroelectricity_consumption_forecast_for_Pakistan_using_ARIMA_modeling_and_supply_demand_analysis_for_the_year_2030?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_42191645","summary":"The amount of electricity generation and its availability to the residents of a country reflects its level of development and economic condition. Water being one of the cheapest and renewable sources of energy, is being used to produce one-quarter of the total electricity production in Pakistan. This article presents a forecasting study of hydroelectricity consumption in Pakistan based on the historical data of past 53 years using Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving-Average (ARIMA) modeling. Based on the developed forecasting equation, the hydroelectricity consumption was predicted up to the year 2030. For validating the reliability of the forecasted data, the results were compared to the actual values which showed good fit with minimum deviation. The forecasted values of hydroelectricity consumption revealed an average annual increment of 1.65% with a cumulative increase of 23.4% up to the year 2030. The results were compared with the hydroelectricity generation plans of the Government of Pakistan for its effectiveness. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to study the relation of hydroelectricity consumption to the annual population and GDP growth rate of the country. The research shall significantly prove to be useful in better planning and management of water resources of Pakistan for future.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118708385,"asset_id":42191645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4231529,"first_name":"Rehan","last_name":"Jamil","domain_name":"iabfu","page_name":"RehanJamil","display_name":"Rehan Jamil","profile_url":"https://iabfu.academia.edu/RehanJamil?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4231529/1671034/36445364/s65_rehan.jamil.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6962,"name":"Energy Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Conservation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":7361,"name":"Pakistan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pakistan?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":11397,"name":"Energy Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":23590,"name":"Demand Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Analysis?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":31038,"name":"Hydro Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydro_Power?f_ri=219105"},{"id":35344,"name":"Forecasting and Prediction Tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forecasting_and_Prediction_Tools?f_ri=219105"},{"id":43986,"name":"Electricity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electricity?f_ri=219105"},{"id":63358,"name":"Eviews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eviews?f_ri=219105"},{"id":167677,"name":"Electricity Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electricity_Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105"},{"id":193913,"name":"ARIMA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ARIMA?f_ri=219105"},{"id":209976,"name":"Hydrology and water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrology_and_water_resources?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":306228,"name":"ARIMA Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ARIMA_Models?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1003619,"name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Series_Analysis_and_Forecasting?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1187556,"name":"Supply and Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_and_Demand?f_ri=219105"},{"id":3258897,"name":"Vision 2030","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision_2030?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_877277" data-work_id="877277" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/877277/Irrigation_water_pricing_the_gap_between_theory_and_practice">Irrigation water pricing: the gap between theory and practice</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Lifetime of an Idea 5 3. Financial autonomy. 'The way in which fees are assessed, collected and expended is more important than the actual level of fees in improving system efficiency and effectiveness. The most critical factor is the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_877277" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Lifetime of an Idea 5 3. Financial autonomy. 'The way in which fees are assessed, collected and expended is more important than the actual level of fees in improving system efficiency and effectiveness. The most critical factor is the level of fiscal autonomy of the irrigation agency, i.e. the extent to which the level of its operating budget is tied to the amount of revenue generated by irrigation systems operations. This provides an incentive for cost-effective goaloriented performance that is otherwise often weak or lacking' . 4. Contextualized cost recovery. The principle of charging for water should be contextualized to consider ability to pay and the overall taxation of agriculture, indirect charges often providing an indirect (but straightforward) means to recover investment costs. Cost of collection needs to be evaluated carefully, price structures tailored to the particular situation and prices indexed. The evaluation of what should be the ideal level of O&M activities should receive more attention.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/877277" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9b815dae9c55ee03239a79babda1d712" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":8449253,"asset_id":877277,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/8449253/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="702969" href="https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle">François Molle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="702969" type="text/json">{"id":702969,"first_name":"François","last_name":"Molle","domain_name":"ird","page_name":"FrancoisMolle","display_name":"François Molle","profile_url":"https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/702969/884333/1104395/s65_francois.molle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_877277 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="877277"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 877277, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_877277", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_877277 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 877277; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_877277"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_877277 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="877277"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 877277; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=877277]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_877277").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_877277").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="877277"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49379" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Policy">Water Policy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49379" type="text/json">{"id":49379,"name":"Water Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Policy?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="66262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Pricing">Water Pricing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="66262" type="text/json">{"id":66262,"name":"Water Pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Pricing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="385596" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_pricing">Irrigation water pricing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="385596" type="text/json">{"id":385596,"name":"Irrigation water pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_pricing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=877277]'), work: {"id":877277,"title":"Irrigation water pricing: the gap between theory and practice","created_at":"2011-09-01T18:47:58.524-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/877277/Irrigation_water_pricing_the_gap_between_theory_and_practice?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_877277","summary":"The Lifetime of an Idea 5 3. Financial autonomy. 'The way in which fees are assessed, collected and expended is more important than the actual level of fees in improving system efficiency and effectiveness. The most critical factor is the level of fiscal autonomy of the irrigation agency, i.e. the extent to which the level of its operating budget is tied to the amount of revenue generated by irrigation systems operations. This provides an incentive for cost-effective goaloriented performance that is otherwise often weak or lacking' . 4. Contextualized cost recovery. The principle of charging for water should be contextualized to consider ability to pay and the overall taxation of agriculture, indirect charges often providing an indirect (but straightforward) means to recover investment costs. Cost of collection needs to be evaluated carefully, price structures tailored to the particular situation and prices indexed. The evaluation of what should be the ideal level of O\u0026M activities should receive more attention.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":8449253,"asset_id":877277,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":702969,"first_name":"François","last_name":"Molle","domain_name":"ird","page_name":"FrancoisMolle","display_name":"François Molle","profile_url":"https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/702969/884333/1104395/s65_francois.molle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":49379,"name":"Water Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Policy?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":66262,"name":"Water Pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Pricing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":385596,"name":"Irrigation water pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_pricing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":386555,"name":"Economic Tools Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Tools_Water?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34790244" data-work_id="34790244" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34790244/Assessment_of_Future_Water_Efficiency_Measures">Assessment of Future Water Efficiency Measures</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This research report “Assessment of Future Water Efficiency Measures” has been developed by the Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF), University of Technology Sydney, on behalf of the three Melbourne retailers, Melbourne Water, Barwon... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34790244" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This research report “Assessment of Future Water Efficiency Measures” has been developed by the Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF), University of Technology Sydney, on behalf of the three Melbourne retailers, Melbourne Water, Barwon Water and the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning. The rapid study does not aim to be exhaustive but to begin to gather information to assist in taking stock of the current efficiency situation and to look on the horizon in terms of how efficiency might change. It aims to gather information that will be useful to assist in testing alternative potential scenarios of long term demand forecasts and new potential short and long term efficiency program opportunities that can be actioned when deemed appropriate into the future. There is significant additional conservation potential available as we look to the future in terms of new more efficient appliances and ways to interact with customers by tapping into new technical and behavioural opportunities.<br /><br />The rapid study has scanned and collated information on the programs undertaken both in Victoria and interstate, and to a limited extent internationally, together with information on the latest innovations in terms of water efficient appliances, behaviour change and digital metering interfaces. The research draws on recent research conducted by ISF, information provided by the funding agencies, information gleaned from ISF’s international network of advisors, and interviews with water efficiency experts, manufacturers and practitioners.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34790244" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="79640ca6dc49d2001192551a10a03649" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54649162,"asset_id":34790244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54649162/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42500675" href="https://uts.academia.edu/AndreaTurner">Andrea J Turner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42500675" type="text/json">{"id":42500675,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Turner","domain_name":"uts","page_name":"AndreaTurner","display_name":"Andrea J Turner","profile_url":"https://uts.academia.edu/AndreaTurner?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34790244 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34790244"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34790244, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34790244", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34790244]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34790244").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34790244").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34790244"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="79453" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency">Water use efficiency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="79453" type="text/json">{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34790244]'), work: {"id":34790244,"title":"Assessment of Future Water Efficiency Measures","created_at":"2017-10-07T06:08:12.962-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34790244/Assessment_of_Future_Water_Efficiency_Measures?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_34790244","summary":"This research report “Assessment of Future Water Efficiency Measures” has been developed by the Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF), University of Technology Sydney, on behalf of the three Melbourne retailers, Melbourne Water, Barwon Water and the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning. The rapid study does not aim to be exhaustive but to begin to gather information to assist in taking stock of the current efficiency situation and to look on the horizon in terms of how efficiency might change. It aims to gather information that will be useful to assist in testing alternative potential scenarios of long term demand forecasts and new potential short and long term efficiency program opportunities that can be actioned when deemed appropriate into the future. There is significant additional conservation potential available as we look to the future in terms of new more efficient appliances and ways to interact with customers by tapping into new technical and behavioural opportunities.\n\nThe rapid study has scanned and collated information on the programs undertaken both in Victoria and interstate, and to a limited extent internationally, together with information on the latest innovations in terms of water efficient appliances, behaviour change and digital metering interfaces. The research draws on recent research conducted by ISF, information provided by the funding agencies, information gleaned from ISF’s international network of advisors, and interviews with water efficiency experts, manufacturers and practitioners.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54649162,"asset_id":34790244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42500675,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Turner","domain_name":"uts","page_name":"AndreaTurner","display_name":"Andrea J Turner","profile_url":"https://uts.academia.edu/AndreaTurner?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7399842" data-work_id="7399842" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7399842/A_socio_technical_study_of_water_consumption_and_water_conservation_in_Brazilian_dwellings">A socio-technical study of water consumption and water conservation in Brazilian dwellings</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This research arose from the need to reduce domestic water consumption in the Federal District in a viable and cost-effective manner, so as to avoid water stress and promote sustainable development through water demand management. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7399842" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This research arose from the need to reduce domestic water consumption in the Federal District in a viable and cost-effective manner, so as to avoid water stress and promote sustainable development through water demand management. The overall aim of this research is to provide specific information regarding domestic water consumption in order to adequately assess the feasibility of domestic water conservation measures for Brazilian dwellings, with special attention to the different income ranges and dwelling typologies in the Federal District. To address the hypothesis that variables such as household income, dwelling typology and occupant behaviour affects the way water is used, this research incorporated both quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches to collect primary data on domestic water consumption in the Federal District. Based on average values of primary data collected on public opinion, awareness and acceptance of water conservation strategies, water end-use consumption and dwelling characteristics; representative models were composed, and different assessment techniques for the evaluation of water conservation measures were brought together in order to identify feasible water conservation measures in terms of their applicability, water savings and financial benefits for the different income ranges and residential typologies of the Federal District. Findings from the study revealed that variables of dwelling characteristics, income and occupant behaviour are directly related and affect both indoor and outdoor water consumption patterns, and therefore, should be considered for adequate water demand predictions, reuse system design dimensioning and quantifying potential water-savings from conservation measures. It is also realised that although water reuse systems are capable of promoting higher water savings than water efficient strategies, water efficient strategies proved to be the most feasible water conservation measures in terms of applicability and financial benefits, independent of income level and dwelling typology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7399842" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e6b548d6235a5d393fa9988fc44d7823" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33989950,"asset_id":7399842,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33989950/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13091456" href="https://brasilia.academia.edu/DanielSantAna">Daniel Sant'Ana</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13091456" type="text/json">{"id":13091456,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Sant'Ana","domain_name":"brasilia","page_name":"DanielSantAna","display_name":"Daniel Sant'Ana","profile_url":"https://brasilia.academia.edu/DanielSantAna?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13091456/6386267/35100611/s65_daniel.sant_ana.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7399842 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7399842"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7399842, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7399842", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7399842]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7399842").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7399842").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7399842"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10688" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rainwater_Harvesting">Rainwater Harvesting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10688" type="text/json">{"id":10688,"name":"Rainwater Harvesting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rainwater_Harvesting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14469" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management">Sustainable Water Resources Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14469" type="text/json">{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18465" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Reuse">Water Reuse</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18465" type="text/json">{"id":18465,"name":"Water Reuse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Reuse?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="79453" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency">Water use efficiency</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="79453" type="text/json">{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7399842]'), work: {"id":7399842,"title":"A socio-technical study of water consumption and water conservation in Brazilian dwellings","created_at":"2014-06-19T08:06:21.345-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7399842/A_socio_technical_study_of_water_consumption_and_water_conservation_in_Brazilian_dwellings?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_7399842","summary":"This research arose from the need to reduce domestic water consumption in the Federal District in a viable and cost-effective manner, so as to avoid water stress and promote sustainable development through water demand management. The overall aim of this research is to provide specific information regarding domestic water consumption in order to adequately assess the feasibility of domestic water conservation measures for Brazilian dwellings, with special attention to the different income ranges and dwelling typologies in the Federal District. To address the hypothesis that variables such as household income, dwelling typology and occupant behaviour affects the way water is used, this research incorporated both quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches to collect primary data on domestic water consumption in the Federal District. Based on average values of primary data collected on public opinion, awareness and acceptance of water conservation strategies, water end-use consumption and dwelling characteristics; representative models were composed, and different assessment techniques for the evaluation of water conservation measures were brought together in order to identify feasible water conservation measures in terms of their applicability, water savings and financial benefits for the different income ranges and residential typologies of the Federal District. Findings from the study revealed that variables of dwelling characteristics, income and occupant behaviour are directly related and affect both indoor and outdoor water consumption patterns, and therefore, should be considered for adequate water demand predictions, reuse system design dimensioning and quantifying potential water-savings from conservation measures. It is also realised that although water reuse systems are capable of promoting higher water savings than water efficient strategies, water efficient strategies proved to be the most feasible water conservation measures in terms of applicability and financial benefits, independent of income level and dwelling typology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33989950,"asset_id":7399842,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13091456,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Sant'Ana","domain_name":"brasilia","page_name":"DanielSantAna","display_name":"Daniel Sant'Ana","profile_url":"https://brasilia.academia.edu/DanielSantAna?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13091456/6386267/35100611/s65_daniel.sant_ana.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10688,"name":"Rainwater Harvesting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rainwater_Harvesting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":18465,"name":"Water Reuse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Reuse?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":109606,"name":"Green Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Economy?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":868725,"name":"Water end use studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_end_use_studies?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_877395" data-work_id="877395" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/877395/Water_pricing_in_irrigation_Mapping_the_debate_in_the_light_of_experience">Water pricing in irrigation: Mapping the debate in the light of experience</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/877395" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e349574897bdec7e0f4b64ea7eb30660" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":5303995,"asset_id":877395,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/5303995/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="702969" href="https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle">François Molle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="702969" type="text/json">{"id":702969,"first_name":"François","last_name":"Molle","domain_name":"ird","page_name":"FrancoisMolle","display_name":"François Molle","profile_url":"https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/702969/884333/1104395/s65_francois.molle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_877395 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="877395"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 877395, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_877395", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=877395]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_877395").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_877395").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="877395"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_Management">Irrigation water Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34760" type="text/json">{"id":34760,"name":"Irrigation water Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="66262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Pricing">Water Pricing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="66262" type="text/json">{"id":66262,"name":"Water Pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Pricing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="386555" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Tools_Water">Economic Tools Water</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="386555" type="text/json">{"id":386555,"name":"Economic Tools Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Tools_Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=877395]'), work: {"id":877395,"title":"Water pricing in irrigation: Mapping the debate in the light of experience","created_at":"2011-09-01T19:39:55.326-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/877395/Water_pricing_in_irrigation_Mapping_the_debate_in_the_light_of_experience?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_877395","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":5303995,"asset_id":877395,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":702969,"first_name":"François","last_name":"Molle","domain_name":"ird","page_name":"FrancoisMolle","display_name":"François Molle","profile_url":"https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/702969/884333/1104395/s65_francois.molle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":34760,"name":"Irrigation water Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":66262,"name":"Water Pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Pricing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":386555,"name":"Economic Tools Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Tools_Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1864497" data-work_id="1864497" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1864497/Water_pricing_in_California_master_thesis_">Water pricing in California (master thesis)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Based on panel data from the City of Davis, California, comprising more than 15,000 urban water consumption units and 81 billing periods over 13 years, this study investigates residential water demand and the effectiveness of three... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1864497" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on panel data from the City of Davis, California, comprising more than 15,000 urban water consumption units and 81 billing periods over 13 years, this study investigates residential water demand and the effectiveness of three structural water conservation measures. The city switched from a uniform to an increasing block pricing scheme, introduced a second tariff block for single-family residential households, and changed the calculation logic for the household sewer rate. An instrumental fixed effects regression analysis results in a price elasticity of -0.19 for residential consumers. The data also suggests that all structural tariff adjustments were effective, even under consideration of the general economic situation. This is the first study which demonstrates the effectiveness of coupling the sewer rate with a proxy for indoor water consumption on a household level.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1864497" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fdac7c9717cef84146d3312880a3e04d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42927704,"asset_id":1864497,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42927704/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42180" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KimZietlow">Dr. Kim J . Zietlow</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42180" type="text/json">{"id":42180,"first_name":"Dr. Kim","last_name":"Zietlow","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KimZietlow","display_name":"Dr. Kim J . Zietlow","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KimZietlow?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42180/3282286/74138272/s65_dr._kim.zietlow.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1864497 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1864497"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1864497, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1864497", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1864497 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1864497; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1864497"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1864497 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1864497"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1864497; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1864497]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1864497").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1864497").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1864497"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="724" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics">Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="724" type="text/json">{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2215" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water">Water</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2215" type="text/json">{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7312" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_Economics">Agricultural Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7312" type="text/json">{"id":7312,"name":"Agricultural Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8511" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environment_and_natural_resources_conservation">Environment and natural resources conservation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8511" type="text/json">{"id":8511,"name":"Environment and natural resources conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environment_and_natural_resources_conservation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1864497]'), work: {"id":1864497,"title":"Water pricing in California (master thesis)","created_at":"2012-08-16T22:00:06.667-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1864497/Water_pricing_in_California_master_thesis_?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_1864497","summary":"Based on panel data from the City of Davis, California, comprising more than 15,000 urban water consumption units and 81 billing periods over 13 years, this study investigates residential water demand and the effectiveness of three structural water conservation measures. The city switched from a uniform to an increasing block pricing scheme, introduced a second tariff block for single-family residential households, and changed the calculation logic for the household sewer rate. An instrumental fixed effects regression analysis results in a price elasticity of -0.19 for residential consumers. The data also suggests that all structural tariff adjustments were effective, even under consideration of the general economic situation. This is the first study which demonstrates the effectiveness of coupling the sewer rate with a proxy for indoor water consumption on a household level.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42927704,"asset_id":1864497,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42180,"first_name":"Dr. Kim","last_name":"Zietlow","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KimZietlow","display_name":"Dr. Kim J . Zietlow","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KimZietlow?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42180/3282286/74138272/s65_dr._kim.zietlow.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":7312,"name":"Agricultural Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":8511,"name":"Environment and natural resources conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environment_and_natural_resources_conservation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":12035,"name":"Urban Water Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Water_Consumption?f_ri=219105"},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":66262,"name":"Water Pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Pricing?f_ri=219105"},{"id":91961,"name":"Freshwater","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freshwater?f_ri=219105"},{"id":106333,"name":"Ecosystems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystems?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35507763 coauthored" data-work_id="35507763" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35507763/Domestic_water_demand_challenges_in_Qatar">Domestic water demand challenges in Qatar</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Qatar is an arid country with limited water resources due to the low amount of rainfall it receives. With no surface water and an average annual rainfall of 80 mm per year, Qatar relies upon desalination to meet the increasing domestic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35507763" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Qatar is an arid country with limited water resources due to the low amount of rainfall it receives. With no surface water and an average annual rainfall of 80 mm per year, Qatar relies upon desalination to meet the increasing domestic water demand. The average annual rainfall recharge is around 60 million m 3 , whereas the total groundwater abstraction is 250 million m 3 per year. As a result, groundwater level drops dramatically, thereby inducing brackish water upconing and saline water intrusion. Desalination provides 99% of domestic water demand, which increases continuously as a result of the influx of migrants into the country. The current capacity of desalination plants in Qatar is around 540 million m 3 per year. Around 30% of this volume is being lost as a result of leakage in the water system network, and the rest is used for domestic purposes. This paper discusses three different scenarios of water demand until the year 2040. The results of these scenarios show water demand will vary between 516 and 2718 million m 3 in the year 2040, depending upon the various trends in population growth, and assuming the current per capita of 500 l/day. The results of this study highlight the need for water rationing and conservation and may help the planners of future water demand.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35507763" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="36badbd51d80a13a99d9dc3014fde3c5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55372035,"asset_id":35507763,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55372035/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31854506" href="https://kfupm.academia.edu/HBaalousha">Husam Baalousha</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31854506" type="text/json">{"id":31854506,"first_name":"Husam","last_name":"Baalousha","domain_name":"kfupm","page_name":"HBaalousha","display_name":"Husam Baalousha","profile_url":"https://kfupm.academia.edu/HBaalousha?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35507763">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35507763"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/OmarOuda">Omar Ouda</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35507763'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35507763').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35507763 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35507763"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35507763; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35507763]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35507763").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35507763").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35507763"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6951" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Groundwater">Groundwater</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6951" type="text/json">{"id":6951,"name":"Groundwater","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Groundwater?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14469" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management">Sustainable Water Resources Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14469" type="text/json">{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="46065" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qatar">Qatar</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="46065" type="text/json">{"id":46065,"name":"Qatar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qatar?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53158" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Desalination">Desalination</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="53158" type="text/json">{"id":53158,"name":"Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Desalination?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35507763]'), work: {"id":35507763,"title":"Domestic water demand challenges in Qatar","created_at":"2017-12-25T09:44:07.331-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35507763/Domestic_water_demand_challenges_in_Qatar?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_35507763","summary":"Qatar is an arid country with limited water resources due to the low amount of rainfall it receives. With no surface water and an average annual rainfall of 80 mm per year, Qatar relies upon desalination to meet the increasing domestic water demand. The average annual rainfall recharge is around 60 million m 3 , whereas the total groundwater abstraction is 250 million m 3 per year. As a result, groundwater level drops dramatically, thereby inducing brackish water upconing and saline water intrusion. Desalination provides 99% of domestic water demand, which increases continuously as a result of the influx of migrants into the country. The current capacity of desalination plants in Qatar is around 540 million m 3 per year. Around 30% of this volume is being lost as a result of leakage in the water system network, and the rest is used for domestic purposes. This paper discusses three different scenarios of water demand until the year 2040. The results of these scenarios show water demand will vary between 516 and 2718 million m 3 in the year 2040, depending upon the various trends in population growth, and assuming the current per capita of 500 l/day. The results of this study highlight the need for water rationing and conservation and may help the planners of future water demand.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55372035,"asset_id":35507763,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31854506,"first_name":"Husam","last_name":"Baalousha","domain_name":"kfupm","page_name":"HBaalousha","display_name":"Husam Baalousha","profile_url":"https://kfupm.academia.edu/HBaalousha?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":4109383,"first_name":"Omar","last_name":"Ouda","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OmarOuda","display_name":"Omar Ouda","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OmarOuda?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4109383/1588189/1921242/s65_omar.ouda.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6951,"name":"Groundwater","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Groundwater?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":46065,"name":"Qatar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qatar?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":53158,"name":"Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Desalination?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219104,"name":"Water Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Conservation?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31511544 coauthored" data-work_id="31511544" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31511544/Long_term_desalinated_water_demand_and_investment_requirements_a_case_study_of_Riyadh_pdf">Long-term desalinated water demand and investment requirements: a case study of Riyadh.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is situated in an arid region and faces a chronic challenge to meet its increasing water demand. Riyadh is the capital of KSA and home to about six million people. The water demand is mostly met by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31511544" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is situated in an arid region and faces a chronic challenge to meet its increasing water demand. Riyadh is the capital of KSA and home to about six million people. The water demand is mostly met by groundwater resources (up to 48%), while the desalination plants cover the rest of the water supply requirements. There is a potential risk of a significant gap in water demand–supply due to the retirement of old desalination plants. This study, therefore, developed a probabilistic model to forecast desalinated water demand in Riyadh for domestic purposes up to the year 2040 based on three scenarios: low growth, the most likely (mean), and high growth scenario. The results showed that an investment of about US$6.24, 11.59, and 16.04 billion is required to meet the future domestic water demand of the city for the next 25 years based on low, mean, and high growth scenarios, respectively. Moreover, a strong commitment to public–private partnership is required to remove the fiscal budget burden related to the desalination along with public awareness campaigns to reduce per capita water consumption, upgrading the water tariff system and using renewable energy to run desalination plants.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31511544" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="af875adfa7a8826219c52aa6a1b727b4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56579442,"asset_id":31511544,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56579442/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24648553" href="https://gcu-pk.academia.edu/DrAbdulSattarNizami">Dr. Abdul-Sattar Nizami</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24648553" type="text/json">{"id":24648553,"first_name":"Dr. Abdul-Sattar","last_name":"Nizami","domain_name":"gcu-pk","page_name":"DrAbdulSattarNizami","display_name":"Dr. Abdul-Sattar Nizami","profile_url":"https://gcu-pk.academia.edu/DrAbdulSattarNizami?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24648553/6666988/61191093/s65_dr._abdul-sattar.nizami.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-31511544">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-31511544"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://kau.academia.edu/MohammadRehan">Mohammad Rehan</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://pmu-sa.academia.edu/OmarOuda">Omar Ouda</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-31511544'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-31511544').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31511544 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31511544"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31511544; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31511544]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31511544").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31511544").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31511544"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">34</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2215" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water">Water</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2215" type="text/json">{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_quality">Water quality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4523" type="text/json">{"id":4523,"name":"Water quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_quality?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4526" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources">Water resources</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4526" type="text/json">{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6284" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment">Water and wastewater treatment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6284" type="text/json">{"id":6284,"name":"Water and wastewater treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31511544]'), work: {"id":31511544,"title":"Long-term desalinated water demand and investment requirements: a case study of Riyadh.pdf","created_at":"2017-02-18T22:38:34.619-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31511544/Long_term_desalinated_water_demand_and_investment_requirements_a_case_study_of_Riyadh_pdf?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_31511544","summary":"The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is situated in an arid region and faces a chronic challenge to meet its increasing water demand. Riyadh is the capital of KSA and home to about six million people. The water demand is mostly met by groundwater resources (up to 48%), while the desalination plants cover the rest of the water supply requirements. There is a potential risk of a significant gap in water demand–supply due to the retirement of old desalination plants. This study, therefore, developed a probabilistic model to forecast desalinated water demand in Riyadh for domestic purposes up to the year 2040 based on three scenarios: low growth, the most likely (mean), and high growth scenario. The results showed that an investment of about US$6.24, 11.59, and 16.04 billion is required to meet the future domestic water demand of the city for the next 25 years based on low, mean, and high growth scenarios, respectively. Moreover, a strong commitment to public–private partnership is required to remove the fiscal budget burden related to the desalination along with public awareness campaigns to reduce per capita water consumption, upgrading the water tariff system and using renewable energy to run desalination plants.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56579442,"asset_id":31511544,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24648553,"first_name":"Dr. Abdul-Sattar","last_name":"Nizami","domain_name":"gcu-pk","page_name":"DrAbdulSattarNizami","display_name":"Dr. Abdul-Sattar Nizami","profile_url":"https://gcu-pk.academia.edu/DrAbdulSattarNizami?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24648553/6666988/61191093/s65_dr._abdul-sattar.nizami.jpg"},{"id":24469417,"first_name":"Mohammad","last_name":"Rehan","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"MohammadRehan","display_name":"Mohammad Rehan","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/MohammadRehan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24469417/15302600/153058058/s65_dr_mohammad.rehan.jpeg"},{"id":29520681,"first_name":"Omar","last_name":"Ouda","domain_name":"pmu-sa","page_name":"OmarOuda","display_name":"Omar Ouda","profile_url":"https://pmu-sa.academia.edu/OmarOuda?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":4523,"name":"Water quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_quality?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":6284,"name":"Water and wastewater treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_wastewater_treatment?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":6951,"name":"Groundwater","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Groundwater?f_ri=219105"},{"id":9569,"name":"Saudi Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saudi_Arabia?f_ri=219105"},{"id":9990,"name":"Water Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Treatment?f_ri=219105"},{"id":13191,"name":"Groundwater modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Groundwater_modeling?f_ri=219105"},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":15283,"name":"Suatainable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Suatainable_Energy?f_ri=219105"},{"id":17419,"name":"Drinking Water Quality Standards","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drinking_Water_Quality_Standards?f_ri=219105"},{"id":21724,"name":"Water Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Pollution?f_ri=219105"},{"id":36585,"name":"Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kingdom_of_Saudi_Arabia?f_ri=219105"},{"id":53158,"name":"Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Desalination?f_ri=219105"},{"id":64055,"name":"Water Supply","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Supply?f_ri=219105"},{"id":66263,"name":"Water Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand?f_ri=219105"},{"id":84131,"name":"Water Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Desalination?f_ri=219105"},{"id":99751,"name":"Solar Desalination of Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solar_Desalination_of_Water?f_ri=219105"},{"id":108974,"name":"Design of Water Turbine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_of_Water_Turbine?f_ri=219105"},{"id":178963,"name":"Groundwater Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Groundwater_Quality?f_ri=219105"},{"id":196326,"name":"Land and Water Resources Development and Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_and_Water_Resources_Development_and_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":377085,"name":"Desalination Brine Disposal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Desalination_Brine_Disposal?f_ri=219105"},{"id":407561,"name":"Riyadh","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Riyadh?f_ri=219105"},{"id":487669,"name":"Membrane Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Desalination?f_ri=219105"},{"id":598041,"name":"Reverse Osmosis Desalination .","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reverse_Osmosis_Desalination_?f_ri=219105"},{"id":670273,"name":"Solar desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solar_desalination?f_ri=219105"},{"id":712551,"name":"Seawater Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seawater_Desalination?f_ri=219105"},{"id":833300,"name":"Sea Water Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Water_Desalination?f_ri=219105"},{"id":841026,"name":"Probablistic Safety Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probablistic_Safety_Analysis?f_ri=219105"},{"id":970206,"name":"Sustinable Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustinable_Growth?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1204065,"name":"Hybrid Desalination System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hybrid_Desalination_System?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1290613,"name":"Freeze Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freeze_Desalination?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1299829,"name":"Reverse Osmosis Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reverse_Osmosis_Desalination?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3400478" data-work_id="3400478" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3400478/Model_driven_approach_for_decision_support_in_water_demand_management_A_case_study">Model driven approach for decision support in water demand management. A case study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Les conséquences du séisme du 12 janvier 2010 ont montré la faible maîtrise de l'espace dans l'établissement des habitats et l'implantation des projets territoriaux en Haïti. Dans cet article nous voulons revisiter le rôle de la... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3400478" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Les conséquences du séisme du 12 janvier 2010 ont montré la faible maîtrise de l'espace dans l'établissement des habitats et l'implantation des projets territoriaux en Haïti. Dans cet article nous voulons revisiter le rôle de la géographie scolaire pour aider à développer une compréhension dynamique de tels enjeux et élaborer des stratégies d'adaptation efficaces pour réduire la vulnérabilité des biens et des services et finalement pour mieux protéger les individus et les populations à risques.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3400478" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="684d37876e72cdbfb3e871b1fb2f3156" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48094534,"asset_id":3400478,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48094534/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3958240" href="https://uqat.academia.edu/CarloPrevil">Carlo Previl</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3958240" type="text/json">{"id":3958240,"first_name":"Carlo","last_name":"Previl","domain_name":"uqat","page_name":"CarloPrevil","display_name":"Carlo Previl","profile_url":"https://uqat.academia.edu/CarloPrevil?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3958240/1486018/1811971/s65_carlo.previl.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3400478 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3400478"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3400478, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3400478", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3400478]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3400478").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3400478").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3400478"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8560" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Model-Driven_Analysis_and_Design">Model-Driven Analysis and Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8560" type="text/json">{"id":8560,"name":"Model-Driven Analysis and Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Model-Driven_Analysis_and_Design?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10075" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Support_Systems">Decision Support Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10075" type="text/json">{"id":10075,"name":"Decision Support Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Support_Systems?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20436" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_And_Regional_Planning">Urban And Regional Planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20436" type="text/json">{"id":20436,"name":"Urban And Regional Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_And_Regional_Planning?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="88361" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_governance">Water governance</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="88361" type="text/json">{"id":88361,"name":"Water governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_governance?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3400478]'), work: {"id":3400478,"title":"Model driven approach for decision support in water demand management. A case study","created_at":"2013-04-27T01:33:36.159-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3400478/Model_driven_approach_for_decision_support_in_water_demand_management_A_case_study?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_3400478","summary":"Les conséquences du séisme du 12 janvier 2010 ont montré la faible maîtrise de l'espace dans l'établissement des habitats et l'implantation des projets territoriaux en Haïti. Dans cet article nous voulons revisiter le rôle de la géographie scolaire pour aider à développer une compréhension dynamique de tels enjeux et élaborer des stratégies d'adaptation efficaces pour réduire la vulnérabilité des biens et des services et finalement pour mieux protéger les individus et les populations à risques.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48094534,"asset_id":3400478,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3958240,"first_name":"Carlo","last_name":"Previl","domain_name":"uqat","page_name":"CarloPrevil","display_name":"Carlo Previl","profile_url":"https://uqat.academia.edu/CarloPrevil?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3958240/1486018/1811971/s65_carlo.previl.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8560,"name":"Model-Driven Analysis and Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Model-Driven_Analysis_and_Design?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":10075,"name":"Decision Support Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Support_Systems?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":20436,"name":"Urban And Regional Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_And_Regional_Planning?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":88361,"name":"Water governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_governance?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1009312,"name":"Geographic Information Systems (GIS)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geographic_Information_Systems_GIS_?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41689468" data-work_id="41689468" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41689468/WATER_FOOTPRINT_OF_CROP_PRODUCTION_IN_TEHRAN_PROVINCE">WATER FOOTPRINT OF CROP PRODUCTION IN TEHRAN PROVINCE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Evaluation of supply chain of water consumption contributes toward reducing water scarcity, as it allows for increased water productivity in the agricultural sector. Water Footprint (WF) is a powerful tool for water management; it... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41689468" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Evaluation of supply chain of water consumption contributes toward reducing water scarcity, as it allows for increased water productivity in the agricultural sector. Water Footprint (WF) is a powerful tool for water management; it accounts for the volume of water consumption at high spatial and temporal resolution. The objective of this research is to investigate the water footprint trend of crop production in Tehran from 2008 to 2015 and to assess blue water scarcity in the agricultural sector. Water consumption of crop production was evaluated based on the WF method. Evapotranspiration was evaluated by applying the CROPWAT model. Blue water scarcity was evaluated using the blue water footprint-to-blue water availability formula. The results demonstrate that pistachio, cotton, walnut, almond, and wheat have a large WF, amounting to 11.111 m 3 /kg, 4,703 m 3 /kg, 3,932 m 3 /kg, 3,217 m 3 /kg, and 1.817 m 3 /kg, respectively. Agricultural blue water scarcity amounted to 0.6 (severe water stress class) (2015-2016). Agricultural water consumption in Tehran is unsustainable since it contributes to severe blue water scarcity. Tehran should reduce agricultural water scarcity by reducing the water footprint of the agricultural sector.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41689468" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a00dbbeff7ec56d2d33dce25b9a18ab9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61846470,"asset_id":41689468,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61846470/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="142788775" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SomayehRezaeiKalvani">Somayeh Rezaei Kalvani</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="142788775" type="text/json">{"id":142788775,"first_name":"Somayeh","last_name":"Rezaei Kalvani","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SomayehRezaeiKalvani","display_name":"Somayeh Rezaei Kalvani","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SomayehRezaeiKalvani?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/142788775/38807550/57699819/s65_somayeh.rezaei_kalvani.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41689468 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41689468"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41689468, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41689468", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41689468]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41689468").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41689468").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41689468"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44473" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Footprint">Water Footprint</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44473" type="text/json">{"id":44473,"name":"Water Footprint","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Footprint?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="115677" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drought_and_Water_Stress">Drought and Water Stress</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="115677" type="text/json">{"id":115677,"name":"Drought and Water Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drought_and_Water_Stress?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="218961" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_scarcity">Water scarcity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="218961" type="text/json">{"id":218961,"name":"Water scarcity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_scarcity?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41689468]'), work: {"id":41689468,"title":"WATER FOOTPRINT OF CROP PRODUCTION IN TEHRAN PROVINCE","created_at":"2020-01-21T00:42:53.783-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41689468/WATER_FOOTPRINT_OF_CROP_PRODUCTION_IN_TEHRAN_PROVINCE?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_41689468","summary":"Evaluation of supply chain of water consumption contributes toward reducing water scarcity, as it allows for increased water productivity in the agricultural sector. Water Footprint (WF) is a powerful tool for water management; it accounts for the volume of water consumption at high spatial and temporal resolution. The objective of this research is to investigate the water footprint trend of crop production in Tehran from 2008 to 2015 and to assess blue water scarcity in the agricultural sector. Water consumption of crop production was evaluated based on the WF method. Evapotranspiration was evaluated by applying the CROPWAT model. Blue water scarcity was evaluated using the blue water footprint-to-blue water availability formula. The results demonstrate that pistachio, cotton, walnut, almond, and wheat have a large WF, amounting to 11.111 m 3 /kg, 4,703 m 3 /kg, 3,932 m 3 /kg, 3,217 m 3 /kg, and 1.817 m 3 /kg, respectively. Agricultural blue water scarcity amounted to 0.6 (severe water stress class) (2015-2016). Agricultural water consumption in Tehran is unsustainable since it contributes to severe blue water scarcity. Tehran should reduce agricultural water scarcity by reducing the water footprint of the agricultural sector.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61846470,"asset_id":41689468,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":142788775,"first_name":"Somayeh","last_name":"Rezaei Kalvani","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SomayehRezaeiKalvani","display_name":"Somayeh Rezaei Kalvani","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SomayehRezaeiKalvani?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/142788775/38807550/57699819/s65_somayeh.rezaei_kalvani.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":44473,"name":"Water Footprint","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Footprint?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":115677,"name":"Drought and Water Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drought_and_Water_Stress?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":218961,"name":"Water scarcity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_scarcity?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34790274" data-work_id="34790274" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34790274/Guide_to_Demand_Management_and_Integrated_Resource_Planning">Guide to Demand Management and Integrated Resource Planning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This Guide lays out a way to undertake urban water planning, using a consistent framework, which creates benefits for the whole community. It was originally developed by the Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF) at the University of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34790274" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This Guide lays out a way to undertake urban water planning, using a consistent framework, which creates benefits for the whole community. It was originally developed by the Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF) at the University of Technology Sydney for the Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA) and has been updated with the support of the Australian Government’s National Water Commission (NWC). The Guide is intended for both WSAA members and the broader Australian water industry.<br /><br />Integrated Resource Planning (IRP) is the foundation of the Guide. Internationally, IRP is considered a best practice planning framework for urban water. It has been used to varying extents by water utilities, councils and water resource managers across Australia since the early 1990s. In several Australian jurisdictions, IRP is embedded as a policy and/or regulatory requirement.<br /><br />IRP considers both demand and supply-side options and treats them equally when determining how to close the supply–demand gap. The Australian water industry is now experiencing a growing need to better understand the demand for water. Specifically, practitioners need new skills in detailed demand forecasting and how to develop, implement and evaluate demand management options. In response to this, the Guide presents introductory material on these subjects within the context of an overall IRP process.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34790274" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="907bf08fe014815897a952d792952c58" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54649202,"asset_id":34790274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54649202/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42500675" href="https://uts.academia.edu/AndreaTurner">Andrea J Turner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42500675" type="text/json">{"id":42500675,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Turner","domain_name":"uts","page_name":"AndreaTurner","display_name":"Andrea J Turner","profile_url":"https://uts.academia.edu/AndreaTurner?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34790274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34790274"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34790274, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34790274", }); 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It was originally developed by the Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF) at the University of Technology Sydney for the Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA) and has been updated with the support of the Australian Government’s National Water Commission (NWC). The Guide is intended for both WSAA members and the broader Australian water industry.\n\nIntegrated Resource Planning (IRP) is the foundation of the Guide. Internationally, IRP is considered a best practice planning framework for urban water. It has been used to varying extents by water utilities, councils and water resource managers across Australia since the early 1990s. In several Australian jurisdictions, IRP is embedded as a policy and/or regulatory requirement.\n\nIRP considers both demand and supply-side options and treats them equally when determining how to close the supply–demand gap. The Australian water industry is now experiencing a growing need to better understand the demand for water. Specifically, practitioners need new skills in detailed demand forecasting and how to develop, implement and evaluate demand management options. In response to this, the Guide presents introductory material on these subjects within the context of an overall IRP process.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54649202,"asset_id":34790274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42500675,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Turner","domain_name":"uts","page_name":"AndreaTurner","display_name":"Andrea J Turner","profile_url":"https://uts.academia.edu/AndreaTurner?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8806180" data-work_id="8806180" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8806180/Pressure_management_as_a_leakage_reduction_and_water_demand_management_tool_The_case_of_the_City_of_Mutare_Zimbabwe">Pressure management as a leakage reduction and water demand management tool: The case of the City of Mutare, Zimbabwe</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Water is now considered a scarce but essential resource, which should be managed in an integrated manner. The traditional approaches of resource development are now considered as unsustainable. Water demand management (WDM), the new... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8806180" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Water is now considered a scarce but essential resource, which should be managed in an integrated manner. The traditional approaches of resource development are now considered as unsustainable. Water demand management (WDM), the new approach, aims at influencing demand, thus improving distribution efficiency. Leakage control and pressure management are some of the WDM strategies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8806180" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5afc14b84ed7ee490b670934156119c6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47996388,"asset_id":8806180,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47996388/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="19078514" href="https://uz-ac.academia.edu/EvansKaseke">Evans Kaseke</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="19078514" type="text/json">{"id":19078514,"first_name":"Evans","last_name":"Kaseke","domain_name":"uz-ac","page_name":"EvansKaseke","display_name":"Evans Kaseke","profile_url":"https://uz-ac.academia.edu/EvansKaseke?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8806180 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8806180"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8806180, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8806180", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8806180 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8806180; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8806180"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8806180 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8806180"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8806180; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8806180]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8806180").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8806180").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8806180"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8806180]'), work: {"id":8806180,"title":"Pressure management as a leakage reduction and water demand management tool: The case of the City of Mutare, Zimbabwe","created_at":"2014-10-15T22:10:11.601-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8806180/Pressure_management_as_a_leakage_reduction_and_water_demand_management_tool_The_case_of_the_City_of_Mutare_Zimbabwe?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_8806180","summary":"Water is now considered a scarce but essential resource, which should be managed in an integrated manner. The traditional approaches of resource development are now considered as unsustainable. Water demand management (WDM), the new approach, aims at influencing demand, thus improving distribution efficiency. Leakage control and pressure management are some of the WDM strategies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47996388,"asset_id":8806180,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":19078514,"first_name":"Evans","last_name":"Kaseke","domain_name":"uz-ac","page_name":"EvansKaseke","display_name":"Evans Kaseke","profile_url":"https://uz-ac.academia.edu/EvansKaseke?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_880390" data-work_id="880390" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/880390/Can_water_pricing_policies_regulate_irrigation_use">Can water pricing policies regulate irrigation use?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The paper proposes a reassessment of the hopes vested in pricing mechanisms to regulate water diversions in the irrigation sector, focusing on large scale (surface) public irrigation. It first lists a series of major constraints that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_880390" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The paper proposes a reassessment of the hopes vested in pricing mechanisms to regulate water diversions in the irrigation sector, focusing on large scale (surface) public irrigation. It first lists a series of major constraints that explain why the economic rationale applied to urban water supply cannot readily be transposed to surface irrigation. It then offers a review of situations where water is scarce and where irrigation schemes are able to distribute water volumetrically, either at the bulk or individual level. Such situations are relatively rare at the world level but they provide the context where volumetric pricing policies can be implemented and can demonstrate their potential for putting demand and use in line with supply. The review provides clear evidence that, instead of administered prices, quotas are almost invariably chosen as the main regulation mechanism, with prices mostly used to regulate use at the margin, beyond the quota, rather than for rationing scarce water.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/880390" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fa933a39ec1bec8b06bcb34cb92bb417" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":5321083,"asset_id":880390,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/5321083/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="702969" href="https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle">François Molle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="702969" type="text/json">{"id":702969,"first_name":"François","last_name":"Molle","domain_name":"ird","page_name":"FrancoisMolle","display_name":"François Molle","profile_url":"https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/702969/884333/1104395/s65_francois.molle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_880390 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="880390"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 880390, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_880390", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=880390]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_880390").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_880390").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="880390"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="385596" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_pricing">Irrigation water pricing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="385596" type="text/json">{"id":385596,"name":"Irrigation water pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_pricing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="385597" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_policies">Water policies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="385597" type="text/json">{"id":385597,"name":"Water policies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_policies?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="385599" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_tools">Economic tools</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="385599" type="text/json">{"id":385599,"name":"Economic tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_tools?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=880390]'), work: {"id":880390,"title":"Can water pricing policies regulate irrigation use?","created_at":"2011-09-02T21:00:30.550-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/880390/Can_water_pricing_policies_regulate_irrigation_use?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_880390","summary":"The paper proposes a reassessment of the hopes vested in pricing mechanisms to regulate water diversions in the irrigation sector, focusing on large scale (surface) public irrigation. It first lists a series of major constraints that explain why the economic rationale applied to urban water supply cannot readily be transposed to surface irrigation. It then offers a review of situations where water is scarce and where irrigation schemes are able to distribute water volumetrically, either at the bulk or individual level. Such situations are relatively rare at the world level but they provide the context where volumetric pricing policies can be implemented and can demonstrate their potential for putting demand and use in line with supply. The review provides clear evidence that, instead of administered prices, quotas are almost invariably chosen as the main regulation mechanism, with prices mostly used to regulate use at the margin, beyond the quota, rather than for rationing scarce water.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":5321083,"asset_id":880390,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":702969,"first_name":"François","last_name":"Molle","domain_name":"ird","page_name":"FrancoisMolle","display_name":"François Molle","profile_url":"https://ird.academia.edu/FrancoisMolle?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/702969/884333/1104395/s65_francois.molle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":385596,"name":"Irrigation water pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irrigation_water_pricing?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":385597,"name":"Water policies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_policies?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":385599,"name":"Economic tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_tools?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40641556" data-work_id="40641556" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40641556/Application_of_Wavelet_Decomposition_and_Phase_Space_Reconstruction_in_Urban_Water_Consumption_Forecasting_Chaotic_Approach_Case_Study_">Application of Wavelet Decomposition and Phase Space Reconstruction in Urban Water Consumption Forecasting: Chaotic Approach (Case Study)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The forecasting of future value of water consumption in an urban area is highly complex and nonlinear. It often exhibits a high degree of spatial and temporal variability. It is a crucial factor for long-term sustainable management and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40641556" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The forecasting of future value of water consumption in an urban area is highly complex and nonlinear. It often exhibits a high degree of spatial and temporal variability. It is a crucial factor for long-term sustainable management and improvement of the operation of urban water allocation system. This chapter will study the application of two preprocessing phase space reconstruction (PSR) and wavelet decomposition transform (WDT) methods to investigate the behavior of time series to forecast short-term water demand value of Kelowna City (BC, Canada). The research proposes two pre-process technique to improve the accuracy of the models. Artificial neural networks (ANNs), gene expression programming (GEP) and multi linear regression (MLR) methods are the tools that considered for forecasting the demand values. Evaluation of the tools is based on two steps with and without applying the pre-processing methods. Moreover, auto correlation function (ACF) is used to calculate the lag time. Correlation dimension is used to study the chaotic behavior of the dataset. The models’ relative performance is compared using three different fitness indexes; coefficient of determination (CD), root mean square error (RMSE)<br />and mean absolute error (MAE). The results showed how pre-processing combination of WDT and PSR improved the performance of the models in forecasting short-term demand values.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40641556" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4476d1b46fbe678fbdbfd6cb2baef767" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60922719,"asset_id":40641556,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60922719/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1276467" href="https://ubc.academia.edu/PeymanYousefi">Peyman Yousefi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1276467" type="text/json">{"id":1276467,"first_name":"Peyman","last_name":"Yousefi","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"PeymanYousefi","display_name":"Peyman Yousefi","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/PeymanYousefi?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1276467/645178/9614942/s65_peyman.yousefi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40641556 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40641556"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40641556, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40641556", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40641556 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40641556; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40641556"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40641556 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40641556"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40641556; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40641556]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40641556").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40641556").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40641556"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30721" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wavelet">Wavelet</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="30721" type="text/json">{"id":30721,"name":"Wavelet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wavelet?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54123" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Neural_Networks">Artificial Neural Networks</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54123" type="text/json">{"id":54123,"name":"Artificial Neural Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Neural_Networks?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="377862" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Forecasting">Demand Forecasting</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="377862" type="text/json">{"id":377862,"name":"Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40641556]'), work: {"id":40641556,"title":"Application of Wavelet Decomposition and Phase Space Reconstruction in Urban Water Consumption Forecasting: Chaotic Approach (Case Study)","created_at":"2019-10-16T11:24:09.649-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40641556/Application_of_Wavelet_Decomposition_and_Phase_Space_Reconstruction_in_Urban_Water_Consumption_Forecasting_Chaotic_Approach_Case_Study_?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_40641556","summary":"The forecasting of future value of water consumption in an urban area is highly complex and nonlinear. It often exhibits a high degree of spatial and temporal variability. It is a crucial factor for long-term sustainable management and improvement of the operation of urban water allocation system. This chapter will study the application of two preprocessing phase space reconstruction (PSR) and wavelet decomposition transform (WDT) methods to investigate the behavior of time series to forecast short-term water demand value of Kelowna City (BC, Canada). The research proposes two pre-process technique to improve the accuracy of the models. Artificial neural networks (ANNs), gene expression programming (GEP) and multi linear regression (MLR) methods are the tools that considered for forecasting the demand values. Evaluation of the tools is based on two steps with and without applying the pre-processing methods. Moreover, auto correlation function (ACF) is used to calculate the lag time. Correlation dimension is used to study the chaotic behavior of the dataset. The models’ relative performance is compared using three different fitness indexes; coefficient of determination (CD), root mean square error (RMSE)\nand mean absolute error (MAE). The results showed how pre-processing combination of WDT and PSR improved the performance of the models in forecasting short-term demand values.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60922719,"asset_id":40641556,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1276467,"first_name":"Peyman","last_name":"Yousefi","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"PeymanYousefi","display_name":"Peyman Yousefi","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/PeymanYousefi?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1276467/645178/9614942/s65_peyman.yousefi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":30721,"name":"Wavelet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wavelet?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":54123,"name":"Artificial Neural Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Neural_Networks?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":377862,"name":"Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":608777,"name":"Gene Expression Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Expression_Programming?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3321008" data-work_id="3321008" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3321008/Evidence_for_the_effectiveness_of_progressive_urban_water_demand_management">Evidence for the effectiveness of progressive urban water demand management</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Based on panel data from the City of Davis, California, comprising more than 15,000 urban water consumption units and 81 billing periods over 13 years, this study investigates residential water demand and the effectiveness of three... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3321008" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on panel data from the City of Davis, California, comprising more than 15,000 urban water consumption units and 81 billing periods over 13 years, this study investigates residential water demand and the effectiveness of three structural water conservation measures. An instrumental fixed effects regression analysis results in a price elasticity of -0.19 for residential consumers. The data also suggests that all structural tariff adjustments were effective, even if data for the general economic situation was included. This is the first study which demonstrates the effectiveness of coupling the sewer rate with a proxy for indoor water consumption on a household level.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3321008" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2efe47279ea5a3a4406902cf054afe80" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35785831,"asset_id":3321008,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35785831/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42180" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KimZietlow">Dr. Kim J . Zietlow</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42180" type="text/json">{"id":42180,"first_name":"Dr. Kim","last_name":"Zietlow","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KimZietlow","display_name":"Dr. Kim J . Zietlow","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KimZietlow?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42180/3282286/74138272/s65_dr._kim.zietlow.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3321008 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3321008"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3321008, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3321008", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3321008 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3321008; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3321008"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3321008 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3321008"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3321008; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3321008]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3321008").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3321008").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3321008"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="724" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics">Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="724" type="text/json">{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="762" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resource_Economics">Resource Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="762" type="text/json">{"id":762,"name":"Resource Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resource_Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1717" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Policy_Evaluation">Economic Policy Evaluation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1717" type="text/json">{"id":1717,"name":"Economic Policy Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Policy_Evaluation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7312" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_Economics">Agricultural Economics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7312" type="text/json">{"id":7312,"name":"Agricultural Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3321008]'), work: {"id":3321008,"title":"Evidence for the effectiveness of progressive urban water demand management","created_at":"2013-04-17T22:08:08.982-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3321008/Evidence_for_the_effectiveness_of_progressive_urban_water_demand_management?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_3321008","summary":"Based on panel data from the City of Davis, California, comprising more than 15,000 urban water consumption units and 81 billing periods over 13 years, this study investigates residential water demand and the effectiveness of three structural water conservation measures. An instrumental fixed effects regression analysis results in a price elasticity of -0.19 for residential consumers. The data also suggests that all structural tariff adjustments were effective, even if data for the general economic situation was included. This is the first study which demonstrates the effectiveness of coupling the sewer rate with a proxy for indoor water consumption on a household level.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35785831,"asset_id":3321008,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42180,"first_name":"Dr. Kim","last_name":"Zietlow","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KimZietlow","display_name":"Dr. Kim J . Zietlow","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KimZietlow?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42180/3282286/74138272/s65_dr._kim.zietlow.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":762,"name":"Resource Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resource_Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":1717,"name":"Economic Policy Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Policy_Evaluation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":7312,"name":"Agricultural Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_Economics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":8511,"name":"Environment and natural resources conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environment_and_natural_resources_conservation?f_ri=219105"},{"id":12035,"name":"Urban Water Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Water_Consumption?f_ri=219105"},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":50113,"name":"California","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/California?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6825328" data-work_id="6825328" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6825328/Study_on_Properties_of_Rice_Husk_Ash_and_Its_Use_as_Cement_Replacement_Material">Study on Properties of Rice Husk Ash and Its Use as Cement Replacement Material</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper investigates the properties of rice husk ash (RHA) produced by using a ferro-cement furnace. The effect of grinding on the particle size and the surface area was first investigated, then the XRD analysis was conducted to verify... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6825328" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper investigates the properties of rice husk ash (RHA) produced by using a ferro-cement furnace. The effect of grinding on the particle size and the surface area was first investigated, then the XRD analysis was conducted to verify the presence of amorphous silica in the ash. Furthermore, the effect of RHA average particle size and percentage on concrete workability, fresh density, superplasticizer (SP) content and the compressive strength were also investigated. Although grinding RHA would reduce its average particle size (APS), it was not the main factor controlling the surface area and it is thus resulted from RHA's multilayered, angular and microporous surface. Incorporation of RHA in concrete increased water demand. RHA concrete gave excellent improvement in strength for 10% replacement (30.8% increment compared to the control mix), and up to 20% of cement could be valuably replaced with RHA without adversely affecting the strength. Increasing RHA fineness enhanced the strength of blended concrete compared to coarser RHA and control OPC mixtures. © 2010. <br /> <br /><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1516-14392010000200011&script=sci_arttext" rel="nofollow">http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1516-14392010000200011&script=sci_arttext</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6825328" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c65af532f5a764c7f26d67b2f5bc0a26" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33521865,"asset_id":6825328,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33521865/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11304449" href="https://malaya.academia.edu/HilmiMahmud">Hilmi Mahmud</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11304449" type="text/json">{"id":11304449,"first_name":"Hilmi","last_name":"Mahmud","domain_name":"malaya","page_name":"HilmiMahmud","display_name":"Hilmi Mahmud","profile_url":"https://malaya.academia.edu/HilmiMahmud?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11304449/3321237/3908203/s65_hilmi.mahmud.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6825328 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6825328"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6825328, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6825328", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6825328]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6825328").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6825328").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6825328"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="97641" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compressive_Strength">Compressive Strength</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="97641" type="text/json">{"id":97641,"name":"Compressive Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compressive_Strength?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="186080" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD">XRD</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="186080" type="text/json">{"id":186080,"name":"XRD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="366316" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surfaces">Surfaces</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="366316" type="text/json">{"id":366316,"name":"Surfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surfaces?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6825328]'), work: {"id":6825328,"title":"Study on Properties of Rice Husk Ash and Its Use as Cement Replacement Material","created_at":"2014-04-21T16:43:20.389-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6825328/Study_on_Properties_of_Rice_Husk_Ash_and_Its_Use_as_Cement_Replacement_Material?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_6825328","summary":"This paper investigates the properties of rice husk ash (RHA) produced by using a ferro-cement furnace. The effect of grinding on the particle size and the surface area was first investigated, then the XRD analysis was conducted to verify the presence of amorphous silica in the ash. Furthermore, the effect of RHA average particle size and percentage on concrete workability, fresh density, superplasticizer (SP) content and the compressive strength were also investigated. Although grinding RHA would reduce its average particle size (APS), it was not the main factor controlling the surface area and it is thus resulted from RHA's multilayered, angular and microporous surface. Incorporation of RHA in concrete increased water demand. RHA concrete gave excellent improvement in strength for 10% replacement (30.8% increment compared to the control mix), and up to 20% of cement could be valuably replaced with RHA without adversely affecting the strength. Increasing RHA fineness enhanced the strength of blended concrete compared to coarser RHA and control OPC mixtures. © 2010.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1516-14392010000200011\u0026script=sci_arttext ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33521865,"asset_id":6825328,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11304449,"first_name":"Hilmi","last_name":"Mahmud","domain_name":"malaya","page_name":"HilmiMahmud","display_name":"Hilmi Mahmud","profile_url":"https://malaya.academia.edu/HilmiMahmud?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11304449/3321237/3908203/s65_hilmi.mahmud.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":97641,"name":"Compressive Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compressive_Strength?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":186080,"name":"XRD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":366316,"name":"Surfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surfaces?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":423409,"name":"Particle Size Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size_Analysis?f_ri=219105"},{"id":472233,"name":"Superplasticizers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Superplasticizers?f_ri=219105"},{"id":627272,"name":"SPM/Conductive-C-AFM/EFM/Resonant-KFM/FE-SEM/HR-TEM/X-ray XRD/Energy Dispersive X-ray EDX/EELS: implementation for ultrathin complex NanoHeteroStructures \u0026 NanoMaterials; Intrinsic-Reliability and Defect-States Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SPM_Conductive-C-AFM_EFM_Resonant-KFM_FE-SEM_HR-TEM_X-ray_XRD_Energy_Dispersive_X-ray_EDX_EELS_impl?f_ri=219105"},{"id":954817,"name":"Silica Fume","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silica_Fume?f_ri=219105"},{"id":954818,"name":"Rice husk Ash","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rice_husk_Ash?f_ri=219105"},{"id":958560,"name":"Particle Size Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size_Studies?f_ri=219105"},{"id":963597,"name":"Grinding (Machining)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grinding_Machining_?f_ri=219105"},{"id":965113,"name":"Multi layered","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multi_layered?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1023327,"name":"Utilization of cementitious industrial waste products (slag, fly ash, silica fume) and natural pozzolans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Utilization_of_cementitious_industrial_waste_products_slag_fly_ash_silica_fume_and_natural_pozzo?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1126212,"name":"Average Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Average_Particle_Size?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1364522,"name":"Cement Replacement Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cement_Replacement_Materials?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1365513,"name":"Amorphous Silica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amorphous_Silica?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1365514,"name":"Micro-porous","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micro-porous?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34111016" data-work_id="34111016" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34111016/Thesis_Abstract_Reframing_water_efficiency_towards_interventions_that_reconfigure_the_shared_and_collective_aspects_of_everyday_water_use">Thesis Abstract: Reframing water efficiency: towards interventions that reconfigure the shared and collective aspects of everyday water use</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Hoolohan, C., 2016. Reframing water efficiency: towards interventions that reconfigure the shared and collective aspects of everyday water use. A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34111016" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Hoolohan, C., 2016. Reframing water efficiency: towards interventions that reconfigure the shared and collective aspects of everyday water use. A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the Faculty of Science and Engineering.<br /><br />Full thesis available online: <a href="https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/files/56365266/FULL_TEXT.PDF" rel="nofollow">https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/files/56365266/FULL_TEXT.PDF</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34111016" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d7216149885f166e6cd22ab6a20af1aa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54041861,"asset_id":34111016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54041861/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10214881" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan">Claire Hoolohan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10214881" type="text/json">{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34111016 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34111016"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34111016, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34111016", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34111016]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34111016").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34111016").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34111016"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences">Social Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1237" type="text/json">{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1563" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumers_and_Consumption">Consumers & Consumption</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1563" type="text/json">{"id":1563,"name":"Consumers \u0026 Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumers_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Production_and_Consumption">Sustainable Production and Consumption</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1582" type="text/json">{"id":1582,"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Production_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9538" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer_Behavior">Consumer Behavior</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9538" type="text/json">{"id":9538,"name":"Consumer Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer_Behavior?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34111016]'), work: {"id":34111016,"title":"Thesis Abstract: Reframing water efficiency: towards interventions that reconfigure the shared and collective aspects of everyday water use","created_at":"2017-08-02T10:55:17.142-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34111016/Thesis_Abstract_Reframing_water_efficiency_towards_interventions_that_reconfigure_the_shared_and_collective_aspects_of_everyday_water_use?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_34111016","summary":"Hoolohan, C., 2016. Reframing water efficiency: towards interventions that reconfigure the shared and collective aspects of everyday water use. A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the Faculty of Science and Engineering.\n\nFull thesis available online: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/files/56365266/FULL_TEXT.PDF\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54041861,"asset_id":34111016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":1563,"name":"Consumers \u0026 Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumers_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":1582,"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Production_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":9538,"name":"Consumer Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer_Behavior?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":24536,"name":"Consumer Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer_Research?f_ri=219105"},{"id":42230,"name":"Demand Side Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Side_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":66263,"name":"Water Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand?f_ri=219105"},{"id":76333,"name":"Energy demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_demand?f_ri=219105"},{"id":100935,"name":"Water and Energy Demand Side Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_Energy_Demand_Side_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":511009,"name":"Consumption Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumption_Culture?f_ri=219105"},{"id":536880,"name":"Social Practice Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Practice_Theory?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1208617,"name":"Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainability?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3755904" data-work_id="3755904" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3755904/Revealing_the_determinants_of_shower_water_end_use_consumption_enabling_better_targeted_urban_water_conservation_strategies">Revealing the determinants of shower water end use consumption: enabling better targeted urban water conservation strategies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this study was to explore the predominant determinants of shower end use consumption and to find an overarching research design for building a residential water end use demand forecasting model using aligned... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3755904" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this study was to explore the predominant determinants of shower end use consumption and to find an overarching research design for building a residential water end use demand forecasting model using aligned socio-demographic and natural science data sets collected from 200 households fitted with smart water meters in South-east Queensland, Australia. ANOVA as well as multiple regression analysis statistical techniques were utilised to reveal the determinants (e.g. household makeup, shower fixture efficiency, income, education, etc.) of household shower consumption. Results of a series of one-way independent ANOVA extended into linear multiple regression models revealed that females, children in general and teenagers in particular, and the showerhead efficiency level were statistically significant determinants of shower end use consumption. Eight-way independent factorial ANOVA extended into a three-tier hierarchical linear multiple regression model, was used to create a shower end use forecasting model, and indicated that household size and makeup, as well as the showerhead efficiency rating, are the most significant predictors of shower usage. The generated multiple regression model was deemed reliable, explaining 90.2% of the variation in household shower end use consumption. The paper concludes with a discussion on the significant shower end use determinants and how this statistical approach will be followed to predict other residential end uses, and overall household consumption. Moreover, the implications of the research to urban water conservation strategies and policy design, is discussed, along with future research directions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3755904" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="184cfac77388f87997c96e9aa38ba3bb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33571299,"asset_id":3755904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33571299/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4610816" href="https://griffith.academia.edu/CaraBeal">Cara Beal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4610816" type="text/json">{"id":4610816,"first_name":"Cara","last_name":"Beal","domain_name":"griffith","page_name":"CaraBeal","display_name":"Cara Beal","profile_url":"https://griffith.academia.edu/CaraBeal?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3755904 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3755904"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3755904, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3755904", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3755904]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3755904").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3755904").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3755904"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="853055" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting">Water Demand Forecasting</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="853055" type="text/json">{"id":853055,"name":"Water Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3755904]'), work: {"id":3755904,"title":"Revealing the determinants of shower water end use consumption: enabling better targeted urban water conservation strategies","created_at":"2013-06-20T22:23:16.413-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3755904/Revealing_the_determinants_of_shower_water_end_use_consumption_enabling_better_targeted_urban_water_conservation_strategies?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_3755904","summary":"The purpose of this study was to explore the predominant determinants of shower end use consumption and to find an overarching research design for building a residential water end use demand forecasting model using aligned socio-demographic and natural science data sets collected from 200 households fitted with smart water meters in South-east Queensland, Australia. ANOVA as well as multiple regression analysis statistical techniques were utilised to reveal the determinants (e.g. household makeup, shower fixture efficiency, income, education, etc.) of household shower consumption. Results of a series of one-way independent ANOVA extended into linear multiple regression models revealed that females, children in general and teenagers in particular, and the showerhead efficiency level were statistically significant determinants of shower end use consumption. Eight-way independent factorial ANOVA extended into a three-tier hierarchical linear multiple regression model, was used to create a shower end use forecasting model, and indicated that household size and makeup, as well as the showerhead efficiency rating, are the most significant predictors of shower usage. The generated multiple regression model was deemed reliable, explaining 90.2% of the variation in household shower end use consumption. The paper concludes with a discussion on the significant shower end use determinants and how this statistical approach will be followed to predict other residential end uses, and overall household consumption. Moreover, the implications of the research to urban water conservation strategies and policy design, is discussed, along with future research directions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33571299,"asset_id":3755904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4610816,"first_name":"Cara","last_name":"Beal","domain_name":"griffith","page_name":"CaraBeal","display_name":"Cara Beal","profile_url":"https://griffith.academia.edu/CaraBeal?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":853055,"name":"Water Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12351871" data-work_id="12351871" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12351871/Innovative_behaviour_change_strategies_for_the_water_industry">Innovative behaviour change strategies for the water industry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This report documents the proceedings of a workshop designed to re-imagine water company water efficiency activities. Focussing specifically on behaviour change, where a growing body of social science research calls for fresh approaches ;... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12351871" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This report documents the proceedings of a workshop designed to re-imagine water company water efficiency activities. Focussing specifically on behaviour change, where a growing body of social science research calls for fresh approaches ; de-centred from individual consumers and inclusive of social, technical and natural elements (Browne, 2014; Shove, 2003; Strengers, 2011; Sofoulis, 2014).  <br /><br />In the workshop water efficiency experts worked together in small groups to map water intensive domestic practices and design initiatives, aiming to reconfigure consumer expectations of water and socio-technical context. <br /><br />This report contains an overview of the theory and research findings that provide a jumping off-point for these discussions, along with an overview of the three initiatives designed by the teams. These provide early ideas as to what innovative approaches to behaviour change might incorporate and aim to provoke and sustain a conversation between academics and the water industry. <br /><br />Feedback to the author is actively encouraged!</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12351871" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="69e477b03cfb84ed089ce937883fa70d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37613504,"asset_id":12351871,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37613504/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10214881" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan">Claire Hoolohan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10214881" type="text/json">{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12351871 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12351871"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12351871, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12351871", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12351871]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12351871").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12351871").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12351871"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences">Social Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1237" type="text/json">{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Production_and_Consumption">Sustainable Production and Consumption</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1582" type="text/json">{"id":1582,"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Production_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14469" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management">Sustainable Water Resources Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14469" type="text/json">{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42230" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Side_Management">Demand Side Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="42230" type="text/json">{"id":42230,"name":"Demand Side Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Side_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12351871]'), work: {"id":12351871,"title":"Innovative behaviour change strategies for the water industry","created_at":"2015-05-12T08:32:17.313-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12351871/Innovative_behaviour_change_strategies_for_the_water_industry?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_12351871","summary":"This report documents the proceedings of a workshop designed to re-imagine water company water efficiency activities. Focussing specifically on behaviour change, where a growing body of social science research calls for fresh approaches ; de-centred from individual consumers and inclusive of social, technical and natural elements (Browne, 2014; Shove, 2003; Strengers, 2011; Sofoulis, 2014). \n\nIn the workshop water efficiency experts worked together in small groups to map water intensive domestic practices and design initiatives, aiming to reconfigure consumer expectations of water and socio-technical context. \n\nThis report contains an overview of the theory and research findings that provide a jumping off-point for these discussions, along with an overview of the three initiatives designed by the teams. These provide early ideas as to what innovative approaches to behaviour change might incorporate and aim to provoke and sustain a conversation between academics and the water industry. \n\nFeedback to the author is actively encouraged!\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37613504,"asset_id":12351871,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":1582,"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Production_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":42230,"name":"Demand Side Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Side_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":48091,"name":"Pro-environmental behaviour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pro-environmental_behaviour?f_ri=219105"},{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105"},{"id":213676,"name":"Behaviour change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behaviour_change?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":536880,"name":"Social Practice Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Practice_Theory?f_ri=219105"},{"id":734464,"name":"Theories of Social Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Social_Practices?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1904367" data-work_id="1904367" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1904367/The_Water_and_Energy_Implications_of_Bathing_and_Showering_Behaviours_and_Technologies_Waterwise_Report">The Water and Energy Implications of Bathing and Showering Behaviours and Technologies, Waterwise Report</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Paper identifies gaps in knowledge and understanding concerning personal washing behaviours and technologies, focussing on showering and bathing in particular due to their contribution to per capita consumption. The review... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1904367" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Paper identifies  gaps  in  knowledge  and  understanding  concerning personal  washing behaviours and technologies, focussing on showering and bathing in particular due to their contribution to per capita consumption. The  review synthesizes  the  existing  evidence  base  and provides recommendations  for project design,  regulation and  policy decisions in relation to managing demand.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1904367" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e8b93a65b22bee4fdd83682b1221e2e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":27155393,"asset_id":1904367,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/27155393/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2420411" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/GarethWalker">Gareth Walker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2420411" type="text/json">{"id":2420411,"first_name":"Gareth","last_name":"Walker","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"GarethWalker","display_name":"Gareth Walker","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/GarethWalker?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2420411/759733/14419844/s65_gareth.walker.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1904367 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1904367"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1904367, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1904367", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1904367]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1904367").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1904367").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1904367"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16459" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_Energy">Water and Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16459" type="text/json">{"id":16459,"name":"Water and Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_Energy?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="104394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Consumption">Sustainable Consumption</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="104394" type="text/json">{"id":104394,"name":"Sustainable Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="583171" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_Energy_Demand_Side_Managment">Water and Energy Demand Side Managment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="583171" type="text/json">{"id":583171,"name":"Water and Energy Demand Side Managment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_Energy_Demand_Side_Managment?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1904367]'), work: {"id":1904367,"title":"The Water and Energy Implications of Bathing and Showering Behaviours and Technologies, Waterwise Report","created_at":"2012-09-01T21:35:15.858-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1904367/The_Water_and_Energy_Implications_of_Bathing_and_Showering_Behaviours_and_Technologies_Waterwise_Report?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_1904367","summary":"Paper identifies gaps in knowledge and understanding concerning personal washing behaviours and technologies, focussing on showering and bathing in particular due to their contribution to per capita consumption. The review synthesizes the existing evidence base and provides recommendations for project design, regulation and policy decisions in relation to managing demand.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":27155393,"asset_id":1904367,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2420411,"first_name":"Gareth","last_name":"Walker","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"GarethWalker","display_name":"Gareth Walker","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/GarethWalker?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2420411/759733/14419844/s65_gareth.walker.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16459,"name":"Water and Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_Energy?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":104394,"name":"Sustainable Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":583171,"name":"Water and Energy Demand Side Managment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_and_Energy_Demand_Side_Managment?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74648424" data-work_id="74648424" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74648424/Mortality_awareness_and_water_decisions_a_social_psychological_analysis_of_supply_management_demand_management_and_soft_path_paradigms">Mortality awareness and water decisions: a social psychological analysis of supply-management, demand-management and soft-path paradigms</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The beliefs underlying the water supply-management, demandmanagement, and soft-path paradigms are examined. Two questions are considered. First, can social psychology's insights on mortality salience help explain the desire to control... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74648424" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The beliefs underlying the water supply-management, demandmanagement, and soft-path paradigms are examined. Two questions are considered. First, can social psychology's insights on mortality salience help explain the desire to control water and the dominant water supply-management paradigm? Second, can those insights also help explain the limited progress of demand management and water soft paths? We propose that mortality salience helps explain why individuals and societies seek to control water supply and, by extension, deny their connection to nature and limit consciousness of physical vulnerability. We briefly consider the implications of this perspective for water research, advocacy and policy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74648424" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd331833f42dd1e2596c7f636064f095" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82725628,"asset_id":74648424,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82725628/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="91385" href="https://majapasovic.academia.edu/SarahWolfe">Sarah (S.E.) Wolfe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="91385" type="text/json">{"id":91385,"first_name":"Sarah (S.E.)","last_name":"Wolfe","domain_name":"majapasovic","page_name":"SarahWolfe","display_name":"Sarah (S.E.) Wolfe","profile_url":"https://majapasovic.academia.edu/SarahWolfe?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/91385/25385/20765809/s65_sarah_s.e._.wolfe.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74648424 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74648424"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74648424, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74648424", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74648424 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74648424; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74648424"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74648424 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74648424"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74648424; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74648424]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74648424").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74648424").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74648424"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2215" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water">Water</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2215" type="text/json">{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4526" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources">Water resources</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4526" type="text/json">{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22223" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terror_Management_Theory">Terror Management Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22223" type="text/json">{"id":22223,"name":"Terror Management Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terror_Management_Theory?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74648424]'), work: {"id":74648424,"title":"Mortality awareness and water decisions: a social psychological analysis of supply-management, demand-management and soft-path paradigms","created_at":"2022-03-26T15:24:01.463-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74648424/Mortality_awareness_and_water_decisions_a_social_psychological_analysis_of_supply_management_demand_management_and_soft_path_paradigms?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_74648424","summary":"The beliefs underlying the water supply-management, demandmanagement, and soft-path paradigms are examined. Two questions are considered. First, can social psychology's insights on mortality salience help explain the desire to control water and the dominant water supply-management paradigm? Second, can those insights also help explain the limited progress of demand management and water soft paths? We propose that mortality salience helps explain why individuals and societies seek to control water supply and, by extension, deny their connection to nature and limit consciousness of physical vulnerability. We briefly consider the implications of this perspective for water research, advocacy and policy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82725628,"asset_id":74648424,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":91385,"first_name":"Sarah (S.E.)","last_name":"Wolfe","domain_name":"majapasovic","page_name":"SarahWolfe","display_name":"Sarah (S.E.) Wolfe","profile_url":"https://majapasovic.academia.edu/SarahWolfe?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/91385/25385/20765809/s65_sarah_s.e._.wolfe.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":22223,"name":"Terror Management Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terror_Management_Theory?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105"},{"id":131074,"name":"Paradigm Shifts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paradigm_Shifts?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43553097" data-work_id="43553097" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43553097/Reimagining_Spaces_of_Innovation_for_Water_Efficiency_and_Demand_Management_An_Exploration_of_Professional_Practices_in_the_English_Water_Sector">Reimagining Spaces of Innovation for Water Efficiency and Demand Management: An Exploration of Professional Practices in the English Water Sector</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Full text available: <a href="http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/472-a11-3-25/file" rel="nofollow">http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/472-a11-3-25/file</a> Reimagining spaces of innovation for water efficiency and demand management: An exploration of professional practices in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43553097" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Full text available: <a href="http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/472-a11-3-25/file" rel="nofollow">http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/472-a11-3-25/file</a> <br /><br />Reimagining spaces of innovation for water efficiency and demand management: An exploration of professional practices in the English water sector. Water Alternatives 11(3): 957-978 Hoolohan and Browne: An exploration of professional practices in the English water sector ABSTRACT: Social practice theories have established an important counter narrative to conventional accounts of demand. The core argument of this body of research is that, having focused on informing and incentivising behavioural change, demand management has largely neglected the social and material dimensions of everyday action that shape how and why resources are used. Despite making a compelling case for reframing demand management, there is limited evidence of practice-based approaches having gained a foothold in policy and business practices. This raises important questions regarding how and why certain modes of intervention are pursued at the expense of others and, more broadly, the factors that shape the pace and direction of innovation in demand management. In this paper we turn a practice-lens towards the professional practices of demand management. Using mixed methods, we demonstrate how specific modes of intervention emerge as priorities within a social, political, semiotic and material landscape of professional practice. Our empirical analysis highlights four particular contingencies of demand management that constrain the scope of interventions pursued. These are industry expectations and ideals; modes of collaboration; processes of evidencing action; and hydrosocial disturbances. We discuss the implications of these findings, making suggestions as to how innovation in the practices of demand management might be facilitated, and the role of academic research in this process.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43553097" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="43973f5130c53b965f6cfb97ccca2ff2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63862118,"asset_id":43553097,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63862118/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10214881" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan">Claire Hoolohan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10214881" type="text/json">{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43553097 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43553097"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43553097, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43553097", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43553097 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43553097; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43553097"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43553097 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43553097"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43553097; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43553097]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43553097").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43553097").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43553097"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14469" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management">Sustainable Water Resources Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14469" type="text/json">{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18845" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability">Environmental Sustainability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18845" type="text/json">{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42230" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Side_Management">Demand Side Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="42230" type="text/json">{"id":42230,"name":"Demand Side Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Side_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="66263" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand">Water Demand</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="66263" type="text/json">{"id":66263,"name":"Water Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43553097]'), work: {"id":43553097,"title":"Reimagining Spaces of Innovation for Water Efficiency and Demand Management: An Exploration of Professional Practices in the English Water Sector","created_at":"2020-07-08T03:03:23.642-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43553097/Reimagining_Spaces_of_Innovation_for_Water_Efficiency_and_Demand_Management_An_Exploration_of_Professional_Practices_in_the_English_Water_Sector?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_43553097","summary":"Full text available: http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/472-a11-3-25/file \n\nReimagining spaces of innovation for water efficiency and demand management: An exploration of professional practices in the English water sector. Water Alternatives 11(3): 957-978 Hoolohan and Browne: An exploration of professional practices in the English water sector ABSTRACT: Social practice theories have established an important counter narrative to conventional accounts of demand. The core argument of this body of research is that, having focused on informing and incentivising behavioural change, demand management has largely neglected the social and material dimensions of everyday action that shape how and why resources are used. Despite making a compelling case for reframing demand management, there is limited evidence of practice-based approaches having gained a foothold in policy and business practices. This raises important questions regarding how and why certain modes of intervention are pursued at the expense of others and, more broadly, the factors that shape the pace and direction of innovation in demand management. In this paper we turn a practice-lens towards the professional practices of demand management. Using mixed methods, we demonstrate how specific modes of intervention emerge as priorities within a social, political, semiotic and material landscape of professional practice. Our empirical analysis highlights four particular contingencies of demand management that constrain the scope of interventions pursued. These are industry expectations and ideals; modes of collaboration; processes of evidencing action; and hydrosocial disturbances. We discuss the implications of these findings, making suggestions as to how innovation in the practices of demand management might be facilitated, and the role of academic research in this process.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63862118,"asset_id":43553097,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":42230,"name":"Demand Side Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demand_Side_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":66263,"name":"Water Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":312011,"name":"Professional Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Professional_Practice?f_ri=219105"},{"id":536880,"name":"Social Practice Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Practice_Theory?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28529059" data-work_id="28529059" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28529059/Socioeconomic_study_of_domestic_water_consumption_in_the_Federal_District_Brazil">Socioeconomic study of domestic water consumption in the Federal District, Brazil</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Based on the hypothesis that variables such as the cost of water, family income, household size and building typology affect the way water is consumed, this paper describes the results obtained from fieldwork and discusses domestic water... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28529059" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on the hypothesis that variables such as the cost of water, family income, household size and building typology affect the way water is consumed, this paper describes the results obtained from fieldwork and discusses domestic water consumption for different residential building types of high, mid-high, mid-low and low income dwellings in the Federal District. An econometric model and correlation analysis, using primary data collected in fieldwork, have been estimated for a water demand function in order to understand what lies behind domestic water consumption in the Federal District. The correlation analysis carried out shows a good relationship between indoor water consumption and built area (0.63), dwelling income (0.49), and number of residents (0.37). Estimated water consumption function has shown a relationship between dwelling income and built area. Through multiple regression, indoor and outdoor water consumption functions were estimated for the Federal District. The coefficient of cost of water presented a positive relationship showing that water demand is inelastic to water price due to the fact that water tariff is low, there is no substitute for water, and water tariff represents a small fraction of household income. This study has shown that domestic water consumption increases proportionally to the increase in household income and that it is a function of income, cost of water, household size and typological characteristics of built area.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28529059" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7fc3ecb638c04624231ad82c4da4dc31" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48880880,"asset_id":28529059,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48880880/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13091456" href="https://brasilia.academia.edu/DanielSantAna">Daniel Sant'Ana</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13091456" type="text/json">{"id":13091456,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Sant'Ana","domain_name":"brasilia","page_name":"DanielSantAna","display_name":"Daniel Sant'Ana","profile_url":"https://brasilia.academia.edu/DanielSantAna?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13091456/6386267/35100611/s65_daniel.sant_ana.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28529059 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28529059"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28529059, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28529059", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28529059]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28529059").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28529059").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28529059"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="745" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socioeconomics">Socioeconomics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="745" type="text/json">{"id":745,"name":"Socioeconomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socioeconomics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19120" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Models">Regression Models</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19120" type="text/json">{"id":19120,"name":"Regression Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Models?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="853055" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting">Water Demand Forecasting</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="853055" type="text/json">{"id":853055,"name":"Water Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28529059]'), work: {"id":28529059,"title":"Socioeconomic study of domestic water consumption in the Federal District, Brazil","created_at":"2016-09-16T04:49:29.884-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28529059/Socioeconomic_study_of_domestic_water_consumption_in_the_Federal_District_Brazil?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_28529059","summary":"Based on the hypothesis that variables such as the cost of water, family income, household size and building typology affect the way water is consumed, this paper describes the results obtained from fieldwork and discusses domestic water consumption for different residential building types of high, mid-high, mid-low and low income dwellings in the Federal District. An econometric model and correlation analysis, using primary data collected in fieldwork, have been estimated for a water demand function in order to understand what lies behind domestic water consumption in the Federal District. The correlation analysis carried out shows a good relationship between indoor water consumption and built area (0.63), dwelling income (0.49), and number of residents (0.37). Estimated water consumption function has shown a relationship between dwelling income and built area. Through multiple regression, indoor and outdoor water consumption functions were estimated for the Federal District. The coefficient of cost of water presented a positive relationship showing that water demand is inelastic to water price due to the fact that water tariff is low, there is no substitute for water, and water tariff represents a small fraction of household income. This study has shown that domestic water consumption increases proportionally to the increase in household income and that it is a function of income, cost of water, household size and typological characteristics of built area.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48880880,"asset_id":28529059,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13091456,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Sant'Ana","domain_name":"brasilia","page_name":"DanielSantAna","display_name":"Daniel Sant'Ana","profile_url":"https://brasilia.academia.edu/DanielSantAna?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13091456/6386267/35100611/s65_daniel.sant_ana.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":745,"name":"Socioeconomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socioeconomics?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":19120,"name":"Regression Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Models?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":853055,"name":"Water Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8763370" data-work_id="8763370" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8763370/Constraints_to_sustainable_urban_water_demand_management">Constraints to sustainable urban water demand management</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The water services system is unsustainable in its current form as it does not make sustainable use of the water resource, nor is the service economically and socially sustainable (Naidoo, 1999). Any Local Agenda 21 programme undertaken by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8763370" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The water services system is unsustainable in its current form as it does not make sustainable use of the water resource, nor is the service economically and socially sustainable (Naidoo, 1999). Any Local Agenda 21 programme undertaken by any local authority in South Africa will have to <br />acknowledge that current water use patterns need to be audited and changed to render them sustainable. Auditing and changing the way in which water is used in South Africa should be done within the framework of water demand management and least cost integrated planning. Both the <br />compelling reasons for water demand management and least cost integrated planning, as well as the constraints to their implementation in urban areas are outlined. Policies designed to overcome these constraints will have to be drawn up in order to ensure that environmental, social and economic sustainability is achieved.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8763370" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f995b29604d76503096af573581e5f42" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35117213,"asset_id":8763370,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35117213/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18825412" href="https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/TraceyJMMcKay">Tracey McKay</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18825412" type="text/json">{"id":18825412,"first_name":"Tracey","last_name":"McKay","domain_name":"unisouthafr","page_name":"TraceyJMMcKay","display_name":"Tracey McKay","profile_url":"https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/TraceyJMMcKay?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18825412/5231913/5985293/s65_tracey.mckay.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8763370 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8763370"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8763370, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8763370", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8763370]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8763370").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8763370").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8763370"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8763370]'), work: {"id":8763370,"title":"Constraints to sustainable urban water demand management","created_at":"2014-10-13T20:09:55.478-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8763370/Constraints_to_sustainable_urban_water_demand_management?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_8763370","summary":"The water services system is unsustainable in its current form as it does not make sustainable use of the water resource, nor is the service economically and socially sustainable (Naidoo, 1999). Any Local Agenda 21 programme undertaken by any local authority in South Africa will have to \nacknowledge that current water use patterns need to be audited and changed to render them sustainable. Auditing and changing the way in which water is used in South Africa should be done within the framework of water demand management and least cost integrated planning. Both the \ncompelling reasons for water demand management and least cost integrated planning, as well as the constraints to their implementation in urban areas are outlined. Policies designed to overcome these constraints will have to be drawn up in order to ensure that environmental, social and economic sustainability is achieved.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35117213,"asset_id":8763370,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18825412,"first_name":"Tracey","last_name":"McKay","domain_name":"unisouthafr","page_name":"TraceyJMMcKay","display_name":"Tracey McKay","profile_url":"https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/TraceyJMMcKay?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18825412/5231913/5985293/s65_tracey.mckay.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5686583" data-work_id="5686583" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5686583/Sachpazis_EWRA2005_A_Hydrogeotechnical_Integrated_System_for_Water_Resources_Management_of_Attica_Greece">Sachpazis: EWRA2005_A Hydrogeotechnical Integrated System for Water Resources Management of Attica Greece</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper an information management system used in Attica Greece that combines modeling with the integrated management of water, sewerage and storm water infrastructure is presented. From this information management system there are... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5686583" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper an information management system used in Attica Greece that combines modeling with the integrated management of water, sewerage and storm water infrastructure is presented. From this information management system there are proposed certain public works that are grouped in two categories, i.e. works that are needed for the entire Attica district and have a general character for the whole region (1 st category works) and then, works that are specifically needed for every particular and individual municipality (2 nd category works).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5686583" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8cd7cf223341503f8ef5417a4e5c26d7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32735742,"asset_id":5686583,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32735742/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8208958" href="https://uowm.academia.edu/CostasSachpazis">Dr. Costas Sachpazis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8208958" type="text/json">{"id":8208958,"first_name":"Dr. Costas","last_name":"Sachpazis","domain_name":"uowm","page_name":"CostasSachpazis","display_name":"Dr. Costas Sachpazis","profile_url":"https://uowm.academia.edu/CostasSachpazis?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8208958/2822220/3293763/s65_costas.sachpazis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5686583 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5686583"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5686583, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5686583", }); 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The feasibility of a sub-metering programme in the Greater London Area is explored via four international case city studies. The paper comments on the failures and successes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1904340" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This report was commissioned by the Greater London Authority.  The feasibility of a sub-metering programme in the Greater London Area is explored via four international case city studies. The paper comments on the failures and successes associated with sub-metering, and provides initial guidance for further research and approaches to implementation in London.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1904340" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e0dcbeb38940b4b8d725278281d36789" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":27155730,"asset_id":1904340,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/27155730/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2420411" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/GarethWalker">Gareth Walker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2420411" type="text/json">{"id":2420411,"first_name":"Gareth","last_name":"Walker","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"GarethWalker","display_name":"Gareth Walker","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/GarethWalker?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2420411/759733/14419844/s65_gareth.walker.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1904340 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1904340"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1904340, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1904340", }); 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The feasibility of a sub-metering programme in the Greater London Area is explored via four international case city studies. 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Change Points is a toolkit for finding innovative interventions for less resource-intensive ways of living.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38219434" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This presentation presents the method used to co-design Change Points (changepoints.net), and the things we found along the way. <br /><br />Change Points is a toolkit for finding innovative interventions for less resource-intensive ways of living. We provide a practice-based approach, with its roots in the literature on social practice theories and sustainable consumption. <br /><br />Change Points was, and is, a collaborative project. All partners actively participated in the design and testing of the toolkit. I describe this process, and why it was necessary in this presentation. <br /><br />Invited presentation at the Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford. Jan 24th 2019. <br /><br />Any questions, get in touch via email. <br /><br />Much more detail is available on the project website: changepoints.net</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38219434" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="118ed9a2845630548e53eccbd2871071" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58259043,"asset_id":38219434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58259043/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10214881" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan">Claire Hoolohan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10214881" type="text/json">{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38219434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38219434"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38219434, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38219434", }); 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We provide a practice-based approach, with its roots in the literature on social practice theories and sustainable consumption. \n\nChange Points was, and is, a collaborative project. All partners actively participated in the design and testing of the toolkit. I describe this process, and why it was necessary in this presentation. \n\nInvited presentation at the Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford. Jan 24th 2019. \n\nAny questions, get in touch via email. \n\nMuch more detail is available on the project website: changepoints.net ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58259043,"asset_id":38219434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10214881,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Hoolohan","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"ClaireHoolohan","display_name":"Claire Hoolohan","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/ClaireHoolohan?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10214881/3134638/3967518/s65_claire.hoolohan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1582,"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Production_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":44785,"name":"Multidisciplinary design practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary_design_practices?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":76333,"name":"Energy demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_demand?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":104394,"name":"Sustainable Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Consumption?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":370658,"name":"Water-Food-Energy-Climate Change Nexus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water-Food-Energy-Climate_Change_Nexus?f_ri=219105"},{"id":734464,"name":"Theories of Social Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Social_Practices?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1031232,"name":"Sustainable Food \u0026 Farming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Food_and_Farming?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19718342" data-work_id="19718342" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19718342/Reservoir_Operation_Considering_Environmental_Flow_Requirements_in_the_Hari_Rod_River_Basin_Afghanistan">Reservoir Operation Considering Environmental Flow Requirements in the Hari Rod River Basin, Afghanistan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19718342" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6d011b6e2c4f9582d263b32023f2136f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40803571,"asset_id":19718342,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40803571/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="486813" href="https://kuet.academia.edu/sajaladhikary">Sajal Adhikary</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="486813" type="text/json">{"id":486813,"first_name":"Sajal","last_name":"Adhikary","domain_name":"kuet","page_name":"sajaladhikary","display_name":"Sajal Adhikary","profile_url":"https://kuet.academia.edu/sajaladhikary?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/486813/3169391/3730752/s65_sajal.adhikary.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19718342 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19718342"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19718342, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19718342", }); 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No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre suaviabilidade para uma... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7398960" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sistemas de aproveitamento de águas pluviais (AAP) e de reúso de águas cinzas (RAC) são estratégias de gestão descentralizadas capazes de promover reduções na demanda urbana de água. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre suaviabilidade para uma implementação estratégicaem edificações. Para avaliar a viabilidadedesses sistemas hidráulicos em edificações residenciais, é fundamental compreender o uso desagregado de água para estimar o potencial de redução no consumo de água e verificar a aplicabilidade, os custos e os benefícios de adaptação predial. O presente artigo foca na caracterização dos usos-finais de água do estoque de edificações residenciais de Brasília, e na identificação do potencial de redução do consumode água promovido por diferentes sistemasAAP e RAC. Em geral, resultados demonstramum alto índice de consumo de água em chuveiros (23,0%), máquinas de lavar roupa (21,4%) e descargas sanitárias (15,3%). Já os usos externos de água representam uma pequena fração do consumo predial total (3,5%). Em média, resultados indicam que as áreas de cobertura são capazes de fornecer águas pluviais para suprir 48% da demanda em lavagem de roupas, 60%em descargas sanitárias e 100% em lavagem depisos e irrigação. Sistemas de reúso de águas cinzas apresentaram maiores valores de economia de água em lavagem de roupas (2.541m³/ano) e descarga sanitárias (1.815 m³/ano). Ambos sistemas AAP e RAC são capazes de promover reduções equivalente a 811 m³/ano.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7398960" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7f08f59f5cdd9f0abe3fdf9ae2b704a3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33989173,"asset_id":7398960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33989173/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42624958" href="https://brasilia.academia.edu/LouiseBoeger">Louise Boeger</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42624958" type="text/json">{"id":42624958,"first_name":"Louise","last_name":"Boeger","domain_name":"brasilia","page_name":"LouiseBoeger","display_name":"Louise Boeger","profile_url":"https://brasilia.academia.edu/LouiseBoeger?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42624958/11466297/18774846/s65_louise.boeger.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-7398960">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-7398960"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://brasilia.academia.edu/DanielSantAna">Daniel Sant'Ana</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://brasilia.academia.edu/LilianVilela">Lilian Vilela</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-7398960'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-7398960').html(); 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No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre suaviabilidade para uma implementação estratégicaem edificações. Para avaliar a viabilidadedesses sistemas hidráulicos em edificações residenciais, é fundamental compreender o uso desagregado de água para estimar o potencial de redução no consumo de água e verificar a aplicabilidade, os custos e os benefícios de adaptação predial. O presente artigo foca na caracterização dos usos-finais de água do estoque de edificações residenciais de Brasília, e na identificação do potencial de redução do consumode água promovido por diferentes sistemasAAP e RAC. Em geral, resultados demonstramum alto índice de consumo de água em chuveiros (23,0%), máquinas de lavar roupa (21,4%) e descargas sanitárias (15,3%). Já os usos externos de água representam uma pequena fração do consumo predial total (3,5%). Em média, resultados indicam que as áreas de cobertura são capazes de fornecer águas pluviais para suprir 48% da demanda em lavagem de roupas, 60%em descargas sanitárias e 100% em lavagem depisos e irrigação. Sistemas de reúso de águas cinzas apresentaram maiores valores de economia de água em lavagem de roupas (2.541m³/ano) e descarga sanitárias (1.815 m³/ano). Ambos sistemas AAP e RAC são capazes de promover reduções equivalente a 811 m³/ano.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33989173,"asset_id":7398960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42624958,"first_name":"Louise","last_name":"Boeger","domain_name":"brasilia","page_name":"LouiseBoeger","display_name":"Louise Boeger","profile_url":"https://brasilia.academia.edu/LouiseBoeger?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42624958/11466297/18774846/s65_louise.boeger.jpg"},{"id":13091456,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Sant'Ana","domain_name":"brasilia","page_name":"DanielSantAna","display_name":"Daniel Sant'Ana","profile_url":"https://brasilia.academia.edu/DanielSantAna?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13091456/6386267/35100611/s65_daniel.sant_ana.jpg"},{"id":42725901,"first_name":"Lilian","last_name":"Vilela","domain_name":"brasilia","page_name":"LilianVilela","display_name":"Lilian Vilela","profile_url":"https://brasilia.academia.edu/LilianVilela?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5806,"name":"Sustainable Building Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Building_Design?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":46633,"name":"Green Building","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Building?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":66263,"name":"Water Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219104,"name":"Water Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Conservation?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":551544,"name":"Indicadores de Sustentabilidade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indicadores_de_Sustentabilidade?f_ri=219105"},{"id":868725,"name":"Water end use studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_end_use_studies?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1140475,"name":"Consumo Sustentavel De Agua","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumo_Sustentavel_De_Agua?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1421903,"name":"Aproveitamento De águas Pluviais","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aproveitamento_De_aguas_Pluviais?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1421906,"name":"Conservação De água","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservacao_De_agua?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1421907,"name":"Usos Finais De água","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usos_Finais_De_agua?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33038332 coauthored" data-work_id="33038332" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33038332/Evaluation_of_water_efficiency_programs_in_single_family_households_in_the_UK_a_case_study">Evaluation of water efficiency programs in single-family households in the UK: a case study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Current water supply worldwide is facing growing pressure as a result of climate change and increasing water demand due to growing population and lifestyle changes. The traditional way of fulfilling the growing demand-supply gap by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33038332" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Current water supply worldwide is facing growing pressure as a result of climate change and increasing water demand due to growing population and lifestyle changes. The traditional way of fulfilling the growing demand-supply gap by seeking new water supply options such as exploiting new fresh water resources and investing in the expansion of infrastructure is no longer considered environmentally or economically sustainable. A diverse portfolio of water efficiency measures is now a requirement for the majority of water companies in the UK. This paper presents results from a statistical analysis of a unique water efficiency program case study. The study evaluates the effectiveness of installing water-saving devices in single-family households in areas where a major UK water supply company operates. Using multilevel models, the study accurately measures the water savings achieved through the efficiency program and defines the factors that affect a household's potential to save water. Analysis illustrated a mean 7% decrease in consumption, explicitly attributable to the efficiency program. Research findings provide strong evidence that single resident and financially stretched households have a bigger potential to conserve water than larger and more affluent ones and also highlight the robustness of multilevel analysis, even in cases of data limitations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33038332" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e2e707a9f00b614b1115e7ae3ca1aee8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54708582,"asset_id":33038332,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54708582/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44459522" href="https://soton.academia.edu/DespinaManouseli">Despina Manouseli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44459522" type="text/json">{"id":44459522,"first_name":"Despina","last_name":"Manouseli","domain_name":"soton","page_name":"DespinaManouseli","display_name":"Despina Manouseli","profile_url":"https://soton.academia.edu/DespinaManouseli?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44459522/15477749/16999833/s65_despina.manouseli.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-33038332">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-33038332"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoyKalawsky">Roy Kalawsky</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-33038332'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-33038332').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33038332 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33038332"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33038332, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33038332", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33038332 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33038332; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33038332"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33038332 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33038332"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33038332; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33038332]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33038332").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33038332").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33038332"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="79453" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency">Water use efficiency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="79453" type="text/json">{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="763159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domestic_Water_Supply">Domestic Water Supply</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="763159" type="text/json">{"id":763159,"name":"Domestic Water Supply","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domestic_Water_Supply?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33038332]'), work: {"id":33038332,"title":"Evaluation of water efficiency programs in single-family households in the UK: a case study","created_at":"2017-05-16T06:06:01.534-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33038332/Evaluation_of_water_efficiency_programs_in_single_family_households_in_the_UK_a_case_study?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_33038332","summary":"Current water supply worldwide is facing growing pressure as a result of climate change and increasing water demand due to growing population and lifestyle changes. The traditional way of fulfilling the growing demand-supply gap by seeking new water supply options such as exploiting new fresh water resources and investing in the expansion of infrastructure is no longer considered environmentally or economically sustainable. A diverse portfolio of water efficiency measures is now a requirement for the majority of water companies in the UK. This paper presents results from a statistical analysis of a unique water efficiency program case study. The study evaluates the effectiveness of installing water-saving devices in single-family households in areas where a major UK water supply company operates. Using multilevel models, the study accurately measures the water savings achieved through the efficiency program and defines the factors that affect a household's potential to save water. Analysis illustrated a mean 7% decrease in consumption, explicitly attributable to the efficiency program. Research findings provide strong evidence that single resident and financially stretched households have a bigger potential to conserve water than larger and more affluent ones and also highlight the robustness of multilevel analysis, even in cases of data limitations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54708582,"asset_id":33038332,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44459522,"first_name":"Despina","last_name":"Manouseli","domain_name":"soton","page_name":"DespinaManouseli","display_name":"Despina Manouseli","profile_url":"https://soton.academia.edu/DespinaManouseli?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44459522/15477749/16999833/s65_despina.manouseli.jpg"},{"id":25675343,"first_name":"Roy","last_name":"Kalawsky","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RoyKalawsky","display_name":"Roy Kalawsky","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RoyKalawsky?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":763159,"name":"Domestic Water Supply","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domestic_Water_Supply?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25913917" data-work_id="25913917" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25913917/Political_effluent_Implementing_wastewater_re_use_in_Wadi_Musa_Jordan">Political effluent: Implementing wastewater re-use in Wadi Musa, Jordan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25913917" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d84b0cf14a7a072312294c6a0421105" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46275804,"asset_id":25913917,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46275804/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2550193" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ErinAddison">Erin Addison</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2550193" type="text/json">{"id":2550193,"first_name":"Erin","last_name":"Addison","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ErinAddison","display_name":"Erin Addison","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ErinAddison?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2550193/794945/157687600/s65_erin.addison.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25913917 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25913917"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25913917, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25913917", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25913917 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25913917; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_25913917"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_25913917 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25913917"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25913917; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25913917]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25913917").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25913917").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25913917"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9991" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wastewater_Treatment">Wastewater Treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9991" type="text/json">{"id":9991,"name":"Wastewater Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wastewater_Treatment?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25913917]'), work: {"id":25913917,"title":"Political effluent: Implementing wastewater re-use in Wadi Musa, Jordan","created_at":"2016-06-06T05:04:16.976-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25913917/Political_effluent_Implementing_wastewater_re_use_in_Wadi_Musa_Jordan?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_25913917","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46275804,"asset_id":25913917,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2550193,"first_name":"Erin","last_name":"Addison","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ErinAddison","display_name":"Erin Addison","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ErinAddison?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2550193/794945/157687600/s65_erin.addison.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9991,"name":"Wastewater Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wastewater_Treatment?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2910182" data-work_id="2910182" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2910182/Evaluation_of_the_water_saving_potential_of_social_housing_stock_in_the_Greater_London_Area">Evaluation of the water saving potential of social housing stock in the Greater London Area</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study was commissioned with the aim of estimating the potential reduction in water consumption in social housing stock through water efficiency retrofits, and in particular through the delivery avenue of an updated... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2910182" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study was commissioned with the aim of estimating the potential reduction in water consumption in social  housing  stock  through  water  efficiency  retrofits,  and  in  particular  through  the  delivery  avenue  of  an  updated  Decent  Homes  Standard  which  would  include  water  efficiency  criteria  for  water  using  fixtures  and  fittings.  Currently,  the  Decent  Homes  standard  is  measured  against  the  age  and  basic  performance  of bathroom  and  kitchen fittings, but makes no comment on their water efficiency. Nor does the Decent Homes standard allow for  the installation of showers where baths are present, due to a like-for-like replacement policy. The survey showed  that it is likely that approximately 80% of social housing properties  own at least one bath and have no shower installed.  Showers and toilets were considered the priority for analysis due to the potential carbon, energy, and utility cost savings possible through hot water savings in showers, and due to the large volumes of water savings through toilet upgrades.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2910182" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3444c3bc8c97f627acb676b616eedfb8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30834946,"asset_id":2910182,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30834946/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2420411" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/GarethWalker">Gareth Walker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2420411" type="text/json">{"id":2420411,"first_name":"Gareth","last_name":"Walker","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"GarethWalker","display_name":"Gareth Walker","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/GarethWalker?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2420411/759733/14419844/s65_gareth.walker.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2910182 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2910182"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2910182, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2910182", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2910182 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2910182; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2910182"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2910182 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2910182"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2910182; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2910182]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2910182").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2910182").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2910182"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2215" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water">Water</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2215" type="text/json">{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2585" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development">International Development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2585" type="text/json">{"id":2585,"name":"International Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4526" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources">Water resources</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4526" type="text/json">{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning">Urban Planning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4808" type="text/json">{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2910182]'), work: {"id":2910182,"title":"Evaluation of the water saving potential of social housing stock in the Greater London Area","created_at":"2013-03-05T05:28:57.212-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2910182/Evaluation_of_the_water_saving_potential_of_social_housing_stock_in_the_Greater_London_Area?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_2910182","summary":"This study was commissioned with the aim of estimating the potential reduction in water consumption in social housing stock through water efficiency retrofits, and in particular through the delivery avenue of an updated Decent Homes Standard which would include water efficiency criteria for water using fixtures and fittings. Currently, the Decent Homes standard is measured against the age and basic performance of bathroom and kitchen fittings, but makes no comment on their water efficiency. Nor does the Decent Homes standard allow for the installation of showers where baths are present, due to a like-for-like replacement policy. The survey showed that it is likely that approximately 80% of social housing properties own at least one bath and have no shower installed. Showers and toilets were considered the priority for analysis due to the potential carbon, energy, and utility cost savings possible through hot water savings in showers, and due to the large volumes of water savings through toilet upgrades. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30834946,"asset_id":2910182,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2420411,"first_name":"Gareth","last_name":"Walker","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"GarethWalker","display_name":"Gareth Walker","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/GarethWalker?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2420411/759733/14419844/s65_gareth.walker.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":2585,"name":"International Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":4808,"name":"Urban Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Planning?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=219105"},{"id":8810,"name":"Energy Efficiency Buildings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Efficiency_Buildings?f_ri=219105"},{"id":8880,"name":"Corporate Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Sustainability?f_ri=219105"},{"id":33825,"name":"Integrated Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":50538,"name":"London","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/London?f_ri=219105"},{"id":155495,"name":"Energy Efficient Retrofitting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Efficient_Retrofitting?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"},{"id":369458,"name":"Greenhouse Effect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greenhouse_Effect?f_ri=219105"},{"id":470868,"name":"Institutional Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Institutional_Sustainability?f_ri=219105"},{"id":498267,"name":"Sustainability in construction industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainability_in_construction_industry?f_ri=219105"},{"id":939410,"name":"Sustainable Water \u0026 Sanitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_and_Sanitation?f_ri=219105"},{"id":939411,"name":"Waste, Materials and Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Waste_Materials_and_Consumption?f_ri=219105"},{"id":939412,"name":"Social Aspects of Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Aspects_of_Sustainability?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34293856" data-work_id="34293856" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34293856/Understanding_Declining_Municipal_Water_Demand_in_the_Western_USA_A_Time_Series_and_Breakpoint_Analysis_of_Water_Demand_in_Four_Municipalities">Understanding Declining Municipal Water Demand in the Western USA: A Time-Series and Breakpoint Analysis of Water Demand in Four Municipalities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Water demand projections produced by water utilities and state and federal agencies call for increases in municipal water demand. These projections rely on the so-called " requirements approach, " and typically assume an arbitrary floor... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34293856" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Water demand projections produced by water utilities and state and federal agencies call for increases in municipal water demand. These projections rely on the so-called " requirements approach, " and typically assume an arbitrary floor on per capita demand, sometimes resulting in projections that diverge from recent trends. Seasonal trend and breakpoint analysis are used to investigate trends in four New Mexico municipalities where increases in demand are projected: Albuquerque, Clovis, Rio Rancho and Edgewood. Analysis points to declining aggregate and per premises water demand – typically for both residential and industrial users. Despite spatial proximity and similar climates, existence and reason for series breaks differs by municipality. While Albuquerque and Edgewood experienced no breaks, Clovis and Rio Rancho experienced breaks. Clovis breakpoints are likely to due to drought conditions, while Rio Rancho's break is confined to high volume users and is likely related to rate increases. Given the general decline in aggregate and premises-level municipal water demand over the period of interest, this study suggests that demand trends over the last decade are likely not fully accounted-for in near-term demand projections. Failing to account for recent trends can lead to costly overinvestment in infrastructure or unnecessary supply augmentation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34293856" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15d48923f614fd211a4ad8a10efaca72" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54198327,"asset_id":34293856,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54198327/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15505829" href="https://unm.academia.edu/MODonnell">Michael O'Donnell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15505829" type="text/json">{"id":15505829,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"O'Donnell","domain_name":"unm","page_name":"MODonnell","display_name":"Michael O'Donnell","profile_url":"https://unm.academia.edu/MODonnell?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15505829/4186536/4874871/s65_michael.o_donnell.jpg_oh_2d8e10a70a8bdc7cd4faf2a72810e173_oe_547231f6___gda___1415296109_3afd2dbeaca14a30ccb3be4d5116f5fa"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34293856 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34293856"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34293856, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34293856", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34293856]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34293856").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34293856").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34293856"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4526" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources">Water resources</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4526" type="text/json">{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14469" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management">Sustainable Water Resources Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14469" type="text/json">{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30485" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_series_analysis">Time series analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="30485" type="text/json">{"id":30485,"name":"Time series analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_series_analysis?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34293856]'), work: {"id":34293856,"title":"Understanding Declining Municipal Water Demand in the Western USA: A Time-Series and Breakpoint Analysis of Water Demand in Four Municipalities","created_at":"2017-08-21T09:22:08.897-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34293856/Understanding_Declining_Municipal_Water_Demand_in_the_Western_USA_A_Time_Series_and_Breakpoint_Analysis_of_Water_Demand_in_Four_Municipalities?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_34293856","summary":"Water demand projections produced by water utilities and state and federal agencies call for increases in municipal water demand. These projections rely on the so-called \" requirements approach, \" and typically assume an arbitrary floor on per capita demand, sometimes resulting in projections that diverge from recent trends. Seasonal trend and breakpoint analysis are used to investigate trends in four New Mexico municipalities where increases in demand are projected: Albuquerque, Clovis, Rio Rancho and Edgewood. Analysis points to declining aggregate and per premises water demand – typically for both residential and industrial users. Despite spatial proximity and similar climates, existence and reason for series breaks differs by municipality. While Albuquerque and Edgewood experienced no breaks, Clovis and Rio Rancho experienced breaks. Clovis breakpoints are likely to due to drought conditions, while Rio Rancho's break is confined to high volume users and is likely related to rate increases. Given the general decline in aggregate and premises-level municipal water demand over the period of interest, this study suggests that demand trends over the last decade are likely not fully accounted-for in near-term demand projections. Failing to account for recent trends can lead to costly overinvestment in infrastructure or unnecessary supply augmentation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54198327,"asset_id":34293856,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15505829,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"O'Donnell","domain_name":"unm","page_name":"MODonnell","display_name":"Michael O'Donnell","profile_url":"https://unm.academia.edu/MODonnell?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15505829/4186536/4874871/s65_michael.o_donnell.jpg_oh_2d8e10a70a8bdc7cd4faf2a72810e173_oe_547231f6___gda___1415296109_3afd2dbeaca14a30ccb3be4d5116f5fa"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":30485,"name":"Time series analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_series_analysis?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19934661" data-work_id="19934661" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19934661/Spatial_Displacement_and_Temporal_Deferral_Toward_an_Alternative_Explanation_of_the_Apalachicola_Chattahoochee_Flint_Basin_Water_Conflict">Spatial Displacement and Temporal Deferral: Toward an Alternative Explanation of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint Basin Water Conflict</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River Basin conflict officially began in 1989 and despite ongoing declarations of readiness to seek a negotiated outcome to the conflict, there is still no end in sight. In fact, 2014 marks the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19934661" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River Basin conflict officially began in 1989 and despite ongoing declarations of readiness to seek a negotiated outcome to the conflict, there is still no end in sight. In fact, 2014 marks the 25th anniversary of this conflict. In this paper, we depart from conventional explanations of the crisis and propose an alternative theoretical point of entry to draw attention to the key structural forces driving water accumulation strategies in the basin. In doing so, we turn to David Harvey’s theoretical framework of capitalist growth and crisis to present an alternative understanding of the water conflict. By adopting this framework, we will reveal how the most dominant political and economic actor in the conflict, metro-Atlanta, has devised a series of spatial and temporal strategies to delay and displace a resolution while simultaneously using the impasse to entrench its economic and territorial interests to secure as much water as possible from the ACF water basin. The paper emphasises the crisis of capitalism in the form of suburbanisation in metro-Atlanta as the primary context in which the water conflict exists.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19934661" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b86c3dbb0c6ba647500d5fd9ff10b07" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40923040,"asset_id":19934661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40923040/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10473835" href="https://usf.academia.edu/JohnnyWong">Johnny Wong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10473835" type="text/json">{"id":10473835,"first_name":"Johnny","last_name":"Wong","domain_name":"usf","page_name":"JohnnyWong","display_name":"Johnny Wong","profile_url":"https://usf.academia.edu/JohnnyWong?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10473835/5488060/6254894/s65_johnny.wong.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19934661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19934661"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19934661, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19934661", }); 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In fact, 2014 marks the 25th anniversary of this conflict. In this paper, we depart from conventional explanations of the crisis and propose an alternative theoretical point of entry to draw attention to the key structural forces driving water accumulation strategies in the basin. In doing so, we turn to David Harvey’s theoretical framework of capitalist growth and crisis to present an alternative understanding of the water conflict. By adopting this framework, we will reveal how the most dominant political and economic actor in the conflict, metro-Atlanta, has devised a series of spatial and temporal strategies to delay and displace a resolution while simultaneously using the impasse to entrench its economic and territorial interests to secure as much water as possible from the ACF water basin. The paper emphasises the crisis of capitalism in the form of suburbanisation in metro-Atlanta as the primary context in which the water conflict exists. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40923040,"asset_id":19934661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10473835,"first_name":"Johnny","last_name":"Wong","domain_name":"usf","page_name":"JohnnyWong","display_name":"Johnny Wong","profile_url":"https://usf.academia.edu/JohnnyWong?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10473835/5488060/6254894/s65_johnny.wong.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14469,"name":"Sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":24645,"name":"Water Conflicts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Conflicts?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44791692" data-work_id="44791692" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44791692/Guide_to_Demand_Management_and_Integrated_Resource_Planning">Guide to Demand Management and Integrated Resource Planning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44791692" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b37f313336f385907acf55e0c5debb8b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65286937,"asset_id":44791692,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65286937/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7188510" href="https://uts.academia.edu/StuartWhite">Stuart White</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7188510" type="text/json">{"id":7188510,"first_name":"Stuart","last_name":"White","domain_name":"uts","page_name":"StuartWhite","display_name":"Stuart White","profile_url":"https://uts.academia.edu/StuartWhite?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7188510/2938754/3440520/s65_stuart.white.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44791692 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44791692"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44791692, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44791692", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44791692]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44791692").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44791692").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44791692"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making">Decision Making</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681" type="text/json">{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4526" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources">Water resources</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4526" type="text/json">{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="79453" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency">Water use efficiency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="79453" type="text/json">{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44791692]'), work: {"id":44791692,"title":"Guide to Demand Management and Integrated Resource Planning","created_at":"2020-12-28T23:26:14.124-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44791692/Guide_to_Demand_Management_and_Integrated_Resource_Planning?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_44791692","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65286937,"asset_id":44791692,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7188510,"first_name":"Stuart","last_name":"White","domain_name":"uts","page_name":"StuartWhite","display_name":"Stuart White","profile_url":"https://uts.academia.edu/StuartWhite?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7188510/2938754/3440520/s65_stuart.white.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":4526,"name":"Water resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_resources?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8762746" data-work_id="8762746" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8762746/A_Baseline_for_Demarketing_Water_in_the_Developing_World_A_case_study_of_Gauteng_South_Africa">A Baseline for Demarketing Water in the Developing World: A case study of Gauteng, South Africa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Quantitative research was undertaken in Gauteng to establish the current baseline of water conservation knowledge and practice amongst urban South African children, in both high and low income groups. It was found that most children do... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8762746" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Quantitative research was undertaken in Gauteng to establish the current baseline of water conservation knowledge and practice amongst urban South African children, in both high and low income groups. It was found that most children do not seriously engage in any water conservation activities. The success of numerous water education programmes aimed at this target group was impeded by the failure of the programmes to consider sound social marketing theory, most notably in terms of the community environment in which the children reside and thus the programmes do not attempt to counter or alter the normative influence of the neighbourhood or society.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8762746" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15070e5ddcba3ca15bf162cade4a15e8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35116789,"asset_id":8762746,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35116789/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18825412" href="https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/TraceyJMMcKay">Tracey McKay</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18825412" type="text/json">{"id":18825412,"first_name":"Tracey","last_name":"McKay","domain_name":"unisouthafr","page_name":"TraceyJMMcKay","display_name":"Tracey McKay","profile_url":"https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/TraceyJMMcKay?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18825412/5231913/5985293/s65_tracey.mckay.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8762746 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8762746"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8762746, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8762746", }); 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It was found that most children do not seriously engage in any water conservation activities. The success of numerous water education programmes aimed at this target group was impeded by the failure of the programmes to consider sound social marketing theory, most notably in terms of the community environment in which the children reside and thus the programmes do not attempt to counter or alter the normative influence of the neighbourhood or society.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35116789,"asset_id":8762746,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18825412,"first_name":"Tracey","last_name":"McKay","domain_name":"unisouthafr","page_name":"TraceyJMMcKay","display_name":"Tracey McKay","profile_url":"https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/TraceyJMMcKay?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18825412/5231913/5985293/s65_tracey.mckay.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40642851" data-work_id="40642851" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40642851/Hybrid_Wavelet_and_Local_Approximation_Method_for_Urban_Water_Demand_Forecasting_Chaotic_Approach">Hybrid Wavelet and Local Approximation Method for Urban Water Demand Forecasting -Chaotic Approach</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Water demand forecasting is a nonlinear and non-stationary process. Different variables affect the value of demand directly or indirectly. These variables have non-stationary behavior relates to the demand time series, which should be... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40642851" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Water demand forecasting is a nonlinear and non-stationary process. Different variables affect the value of demand directly or indirectly. These variables have non-stationary behavior relates to the demand time series, which should be considered in forecasting of water demand. Thus, in the first stage, chaotic behavior of water demand data was investigated to determine the number of effective variables by the value of correlation exponent. Then, the nonlinear process of water demand was forecasted by nonlinear local approximation (NLA) method using reconstructed phase space of input variables. Next, to improve the accuracy of the method, selected embedding dimension of input variables was decomposed by wavelet transformers. The application of phase space reconstruction (PSR) and wavelet decomposition were compared with the results of the models without pre-processing to evaluate their application in improving the models' accuracy in forecasting water consumption of Kelowna City (BC, Canada). The results showed that NLA forecasted more accurate than the results in previous literature in the same case study.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40642851" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9f1cf4a2fd3f568fb4d43e06c49b0a4c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60924124,"asset_id":40642851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60924124/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1276467" href="https://ubc.academia.edu/PeymanYousefi">Peyman Yousefi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1276467" type="text/json">{"id":1276467,"first_name":"Peyman","last_name":"Yousefi","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"PeymanYousefi","display_name":"Peyman Yousefi","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/PeymanYousefi?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1276467/645178/9614942/s65_peyman.yousefi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40642851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40642851"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40642851, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40642851", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40642851]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40642851").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40642851").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40642851"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9434" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chaos_Theory">Chaos Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9434" type="text/json">{"id":9434,"name":"Chaos Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chaos_Theory?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30721" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wavelet">Wavelet</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="30721" type="text/json">{"id":30721,"name":"Wavelet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wavelet?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="219105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management">Water Demand Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="219105" type="text/json">{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="853055" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting">Water Demand Forecasting</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="853055" type="text/json">{"id":853055,"name":"Water Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40642851]'), work: {"id":40642851,"title":"Hybrid Wavelet and Local Approximation Method for Urban Water Demand Forecasting -Chaotic Approach","created_at":"2019-10-16T15:10:42.657-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40642851/Hybrid_Wavelet_and_Local_Approximation_Method_for_Urban_Water_Demand_Forecasting_Chaotic_Approach?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_40642851","summary":"Water demand forecasting is a nonlinear and non-stationary process. Different variables affect the value of demand directly or indirectly. These variables have non-stationary behavior relates to the demand time series, which should be considered in forecasting of water demand. Thus, in the first stage, chaotic behavior of water demand data was investigated to determine the number of effective variables by the value of correlation exponent. Then, the nonlinear process of water demand was forecasted by nonlinear local approximation (NLA) method using reconstructed phase space of input variables. Next, to improve the accuracy of the method, selected embedding dimension of input variables was decomposed by wavelet transformers. The application of phase space reconstruction (PSR) and wavelet decomposition were compared with the results of the models without pre-processing to evaluate their application in improving the models' accuracy in forecasting water consumption of Kelowna City (BC, Canada). The results showed that NLA forecasted more accurate than the results in previous literature in the same case study.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60924124,"asset_id":40642851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1276467,"first_name":"Peyman","last_name":"Yousefi","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"PeymanYousefi","display_name":"Peyman Yousefi","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/PeymanYousefi?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1276467/645178/9614942/s65_peyman.yousefi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9434,"name":"Chaos Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chaos_Theory?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":30721,"name":"Wavelet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wavelet?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":853055,"name":"Water Demand Forecasting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Forecasting?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":1290770,"name":"Hybrid Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hybrid_Model?f_ri=219105"},{"id":1465259,"name":"Modelling water demands","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modelling_water_demands?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35022956" data-work_id="35022956" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35022956/Mediterranean_Californias_water_use_future_under_multiple_scenarios_of_developed_and_agricultural_land_use_change">Mediterranean California's water use future under multiple scenarios of developed and agricultural land use change</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">With growing demand and highly variable inter-annual water supplies, California's water use future is fraught with uncertainty. Climate change projections, anticipated population growth, and continued agricultural intensification, will... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35022956" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">With growing demand and highly variable inter-annual water supplies, California's water use future is fraught with uncertainty. Climate change projections, anticipated population growth, and continued agricultural intensification, will likely stress existing water supplies in coming decades. Using a state-and-transition simulation modeling approach, we examine a broad suite of spatially explicit future land use scenarios and their associated county-level water use demand out to 2062. We examined a range of potential water demand futures sampled from a 20-year record of historical (1992–2012) data to develop a suite of potential future land change scenarios, including low/high change scenarios for urbanization and agriculture as well as " lowest of the low " and " highest of the high " anthropogenic use. Future water demand decreased 8.3 billion cubic meters (Bm 3) in the lowest of the low scenario and decreased 0.8 Bm 3 in the low agriculture scenario. The greatest increased water demand was projected for the highest of the high land use scenario (+9.4 Bm 3), high agricultural expansion (+4.6 Bm 3), and high urbanization (+2.1 Bm 3) scenarios. Overall, these scenarios show agricultural land use decisions will likely drive future demand more than increasing municipal and industrial uses, yet improved efficiencies across all sectors could lead to potential water use savings. Results provide water managers with information on diverging land use and water use futures, based on historical, observed land change trends and water use histories.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35022956" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2609ab53217a34a1f85966d0bf4af9ca" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54886067,"asset_id":35022956,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54886067/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31002264" href="https://usgs.academia.edu/TamaraWilson">Tamara Wilson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31002264" type="text/json">{"id":31002264,"first_name":"Tamara","last_name":"Wilson","domain_name":"usgs","page_name":"TamaraWilson","display_name":"Tamara Wilson","profile_url":"https://usgs.academia.edu/TamaraWilson?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31002264/12043554/13417150/s65_tamara.wilson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35022956 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35022956"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35022956, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35022956", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35022956]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35022956").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35022956").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35022956"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11820" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling_and_Simulation">Modeling and Simulation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11820" type="text/json">{"id":11820,"name":"Modeling and Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling_and_Simulation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20805" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land-use_planning">Land-use planning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20805" type="text/json">{"id":20805,"name":"Land-use planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land-use_planning?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43996" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Change">Land Use Change</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43996" type="text/json">{"id":43996,"name":"Land Use Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Change?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="66263" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand">Water Demand</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="66263" type="text/json">{"id":66263,"name":"Water Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35022956]'), work: {"id":35022956,"title":"Mediterranean California's water use future under multiple scenarios of developed and agricultural land use change","created_at":"2017-11-01T10:04:33.846-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35022956/Mediterranean_Californias_water_use_future_under_multiple_scenarios_of_developed_and_agricultural_land_use_change?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_35022956","summary":"With growing demand and highly variable inter-annual water supplies, California's water use future is fraught with uncertainty. Climate change projections, anticipated population growth, and continued agricultural intensification, will likely stress existing water supplies in coming decades. Using a state-and-transition simulation modeling approach, we examine a broad suite of spatially explicit future land use scenarios and their associated county-level water use demand out to 2062. We examined a range of potential water demand futures sampled from a 20-year record of historical (1992–2012) data to develop a suite of potential future land change scenarios, including low/high change scenarios for urbanization and agriculture as well as \" lowest of the low \" and \" highest of the high \" anthropogenic use. Future water demand decreased 8.3 billion cubic meters (Bm 3) in the lowest of the low scenario and decreased 0.8 Bm 3 in the low agriculture scenario. The greatest increased water demand was projected for the highest of the high land use scenario (+9.4 Bm 3), high agricultural expansion (+4.6 Bm 3), and high urbanization (+2.1 Bm 3) scenarios. Overall, these scenarios show agricultural land use decisions will likely drive future demand more than increasing municipal and industrial uses, yet improved efficiencies across all sectors could lead to potential water use savings. Results provide water managers with information on diverging land use and water use futures, based on historical, observed land change trends and water use histories.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54886067,"asset_id":35022956,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31002264,"first_name":"Tamara","last_name":"Wilson","domain_name":"usgs","page_name":"TamaraWilson","display_name":"Tamara Wilson","profile_url":"https://usgs.academia.edu/TamaraWilson?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31002264/12043554/13417150/s65_tamara.wilson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11820,"name":"Modeling and Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling_and_Simulation?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":20805,"name":"Land-use planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land-use_planning?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":43996,"name":"Land Use Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use_Change?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":66263,"name":"Water Demand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":187905,"name":"Scenarios","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scenarios?f_ri=219105"},{"id":219105,"name":"Water Demand Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Demand_Management?f_ri=219105"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27279414" data-work_id="27279414" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27279414/Smith_M_Hargroves_K_Desha_C_Stasinopoulos_P_2010_Water_Transformed_Sustainable_Water_Solutions_to_Adapt_to_Climate_Change_400_page_7_Chapter_Online_Textbook_Commonwealth_Government_ANU_GU_in_partnership_with_AWA_Engineers_Australia_and_AIG">Smith, M. Hargroves, K. Desha. C. Stasinopoulos, P. (2010) Water Transformed - Sustainable Water Solutions to Adapt to Climate Change.400 page 7 Chapter Online Textbook Commonwealth Government, ANU, GU in partnership with AWA, Engineers Australia and AIG</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This online textbook is freely available from <a href="http://www.naturaledgeproject.net/sustainable_water_solutions_portfolio.aspx" rel="nofollow">http://www.naturaledgeproject.net/sustainable_water_solutions_portfolio.aspx</a> Peer reviewed by over 50 international and national water experts, this is the largest free online sustainable... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27279414" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This online textbook is freely available from <a href="http://www.naturaledgeproject.net/sustainable_water_solutions_portfolio.aspx" rel="nofollow">http://www.naturaledgeproject.net/sustainable_water_solutions_portfolio.aspx</a> <br /><br />Peer reviewed by over 50 international and national water experts, this is the largest free online sustainable urban water solutions textbook to help water professionals adapt to climate change. Water management decisions made over the next decade will have significant impacts on national economic, environmental and social well-being in light of reduced availability and unreliable supply of water due to Climate Change. There is a need to focus on urban water usage and the rapid urban development occurring along coastal zones that are raising many complex water, natural resource management, engineering and planning challenges. Adapting to climate change will require significant professional skills development in urban, coastal and industrial water resource management and supply to address changes to water availability and rising sea levels, and this is the primary focus of this proposal. This project has been developed in consultation with a number of collaborating partners, many representing important end users of the training material. The material will undergo a rigorous review by over 50 Engineers, Architects, Water Professionals and Academics across the collaborating Professional Institutions, Universities, Government Agencies, Industry and NGO collaborators. The result is a comprehensive guide to urban water sensitive design, demand management, water efficiency and alternative water sources.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27279414" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e50b5ef1b6d71455d2302d2841a0cec" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47538690,"asset_id":27279414,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47538690/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1670147" href="https://anu-au.academia.edu/DrMichaelSmith">Dr Michael H Smith (Green Growth, Climate Change, Sustainable Development & Sustainable Design Solutions)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1670147" type="text/json">{"id":1670147,"first_name":"Dr Michael","last_name":"Smith (Green Growth, Climate Change, Sustainable Development \u0026 Sustainable Design Solutions)","domain_name":"anu-au","page_name":"DrMichaelSmith","display_name":"Dr Michael H Smith (Green Growth, Climate Change, Sustainable Development \u0026 Sustainable Design Solutions)","profile_url":"https://anu-au.academia.edu/DrMichaelSmith?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1670147/578940/14834192/s65_dr_michael.smith_webpage_under_development_.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27279414 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27279414"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27279414, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27279414", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27279414 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27279414; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27279414"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27279414 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27279414"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27279414; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27279414]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27279414").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27279414").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27279414"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33825" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Water_Resources_Management">Integrated Water Resources Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33825" type="text/json">{"id":33825,"name":"Integrated Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="77771" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_sensitive_urban_design">Water sensitive urban design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="77771" type="text/json">{"id":77771,"name":"Water sensitive urban design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_sensitive_urban_design?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="79453" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency">Water use efficiency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="79453" type="text/json">{"id":79453,"name":"Water use efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_use_efficiency?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="147115" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_sustainable_Water_Resources_Management">Integrated / sustainable Water Resources Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="147115" type="text/json">{"id":147115,"name":"Integrated / sustainable Water Resources Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_sustainable_Water_Resources_Management?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27279414]'), work: {"id":27279414,"title":"Smith, M. Hargroves, K. Desha. C. Stasinopoulos, P. (2010) Water Transformed - Sustainable Water Solutions to Adapt to Climate Change.400 page 7 Chapter Online Textbook Commonwealth Government, ANU, GU in partnership with AWA, Engineers Australia and AIG","created_at":"2016-07-26T11:51:51.664-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27279414/Smith_M_Hargroves_K_Desha_C_Stasinopoulos_P_2010_Water_Transformed_Sustainable_Water_Solutions_to_Adapt_to_Climate_Change_400_page_7_Chapter_Online_Textbook_Commonwealth_Government_ANU_GU_in_partnership_with_AWA_Engineers_Australia_and_AIG?f_ri=219105","dom_id":"work_27279414","summary":"This online textbook is freely available from http://www.naturaledgeproject.net/sustainable_water_solutions_portfolio.aspx \n\nPeer reviewed by over 50 international and national water experts, this is the largest free online sustainable urban water solutions textbook to help water professionals adapt to climate change. Water management decisions made over the next decade will have significant impacts on national economic, environmental and social well-being in light of reduced availability and unreliable supply of water due to Climate Change. There is a need to focus on urban water usage and the rapid urban development occurring along coastal zones that are raising many complex water, natural resource management, engineering and planning challenges. Adapting to climate change will require significant professional skills development in urban, coastal and industrial water resource management and supply to address changes to water availability and rising sea levels, and this is the primary focus of this proposal. This project has been developed in consultation with a number of collaborating partners, many representing important end users of the training material. The material will undergo a rigorous review by over 50 Engineers, Architects, Water Professionals and Academics across the collaborating Professional Institutions, Universities, Government Agencies, Industry and NGO collaborators. 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This approach is very suitable to this kind of management problems given the large-scale... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24398949" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">— This paper proposes the application of a distributed command governor (DCG) strategy for the operational control of drinking water networks (DWN). This approach is very suitable to this kind of management problems given the large-scale and complex nature of DWNs, the relevant effect of persistent disturbances (water demands) over the network evolutions and their marginal stability feature. The performance improvement offered by DCG is compared with the consideration of two non-centralized model predictive control (MPC) approaches already proposed for the same management purposes and within the same context. The paper also discusses the effectiveness of all strategies and highlights the advantages of each approach. The Barcelona DWN is considered as the case study for the assessment analysis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24398949" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b9585126547a73db92d23ea1360eb72c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44730543,"asset_id":24398949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44730543/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42521350" href="https://unical.academia.edu/FrancescoTedesco">Francesco Tedesco</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42521350" type="text/json">{"id":42521350,"first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Tedesco","domain_name":"unical","page_name":"FrancescoTedesco","display_name":"Francesco Tedesco","profile_url":"https://unical.academia.edu/FrancescoTedesco?f_ri=219105","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42521350/12117317/13522866/s65_francesco.tedesco.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-24398949">+3</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-24398949"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unical.academia.edu/AlessandroCasavola">Alessandro Casavola</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://upc.academia.edu/VPuig">Vicenç Puig</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unical.academia.edu/ACasavola">A. 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This approach is very suitable to this kind of management problems given the large-scale and complex nature of DWNs, the relevant effect of persistent disturbances (water demands) over the network evolutions and their marginal stability feature. The performance improvement offered by DCG is compared with the consideration of two non-centralized model predictive control (MPC) approaches already proposed for the same management purposes and within the same context. The paper also discusses the effectiveness of all strategies and highlights the advantages of each approach. 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ANOVA as well as multiple regression analysis statistical techniques were utilised to reveal the determinants (e.g. household makeup, shower fixture efficiency, income, education, etc.) of household shower consumption. Results of a series of one-way independent ANOVA extended into linear multiple regression models revealed that females, children in general and teenagers in particular, and the showerhead efficiency level were statistically significant determinants of shower end use consumption. Eight-way independent factorial ANOVA extended into a three-tier hierarchical linear multiple regression model, was used to create a shower end use forecasting model, and indicated that household size and makeup, as well as the showerhead efficiency rating, are the most significant predictors of shower usage. The generated multiple regression model was deemed reliable, explaining 90.2% of the variation in household shower end use consumption. The paper concludes with a discussion on the significant shower end use determinants and how this statistical approach will be followed to predict other residential end uses, and overall household consumption. Moreover, the implications of the research to urban water conservation strategies and policy design, is discussed, along with future research directions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/54054221" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="24225e1af3d068098457178c0c6696c7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70604113,"asset_id":54054221,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70604113/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTIzNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="176025918" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RodneyStewart6">Rodney Stewart</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="176025918" type="text/json">{"id":176025918,"first_name":"Rodney","last_name":"Stewart","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RodneyStewart6","display_name":"Rodney Stewart","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RodneyStewart6?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_54054221 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="54054221"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 54054221, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_54054221", }); 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ANOVA as well as multiple regression analysis statistical techniques were utilised to reveal the determinants (e.g. household makeup, shower fixture efficiency, income, education, etc.) of household shower consumption. Results of a series of one-way independent ANOVA extended into linear multiple regression models revealed that females, children in general and teenagers in particular, and the showerhead efficiency level were statistically significant determinants of shower end use consumption. Eight-way independent factorial ANOVA extended into a three-tier hierarchical linear multiple regression model, was used to create a shower end use forecasting model, and indicated that household size and makeup, as well as the showerhead efficiency rating, are the most significant predictors of shower usage. The generated multiple regression model was deemed reliable, explaining 90.2% of the variation in household shower end use consumption. The paper concludes with a discussion on the significant shower end use determinants and how this statistical approach will be followed to predict other residential end uses, and overall household consumption. Moreover, the implications of the research to urban water conservation strategies and policy design, is discussed, along with future research directions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70604113,"asset_id":54054221,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":176025918,"first_name":"Rodney","last_name":"Stewart","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RodneyStewart6","display_name":"Rodney Stewart","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RodneyStewart6?f_ri=219105","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":1584,"name":"Cleaner Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cleaner_Production?f_ri=219105","nofollow":true},{"id":2066,"name":"Research 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