CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://cdn.britannica.com/money/assets/MoneyLogo-30x236-2x.png"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/money/_next/static/css/ed88fa449f0abf89.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/money/_next/static/css/70f86f4126b272f4.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/money/_next/static/css/8d9afac2f3c5e8af.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/money/_next/static/css/ab07b9459beb29f2.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="preload" as="script" fetchPriority="low" href="/money/_next/static/chunks/webpack-2061e5964e29d330.js"/><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-931f1508c9d95a09.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/523-687c1a76016ed2e1.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/main-app-113389cbc891bfc6.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/app/global-error-108029149ba84be2.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/c16f53c3-18689f18053b1bd6.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/49-b35b37e80175342d.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-b210805bfd985e93.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/app/error-2011c793a4e3bd47.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/800-785e360c92ec9b5c.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/app/(container)/page-2b0ff1f14f252f3d.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/53c13509-16ef3624bfd56c4d.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/308-bd952550495475fb.js" async=""></script><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/app/(fluid)/%5B...contentPaths%5D/page-46fce4f97a95b76f.js" async=""></script><link rel="preload" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" as="script"/><link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.britannica.com/money/scripts/at.js" as="script"/><title>General Electric (GE) | History, Acquisitions, Products, & Facts | Britannica Money</title><meta name="description" content="General Electric is a major American corporation and one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world. Its products include electrical and electronic equipment, aircraft engines, and financial services."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.britannica.com/money/General-Electric"/><meta property="og:title" content="Britannica Money"/><meta property="og:description" content="General Electric is a major American corporation and one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world. Its products include electrical and electronic equipment, aircraft engines, and financial services."/><meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="595"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="596"/><meta property="og:image:alt" content="Britannica thistle "/><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.britannica.com/money/money/opengraph-image.png?0ca1ca22e32fe0d6"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Britannica Money"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="General Electric is a major American corporation and one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world. Its products include electrical and electronic equipment, aircraft engines, and financial services."/><meta name="twitter:image:type" content="image/png"/><meta name="twitter:image:width" content="595"/><meta name="twitter:image:height" content="596"/><meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Britannica thistle "/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.britannica.com/money/money/opengraph-image.png?0ca1ca22e32fe0d6"/><link rel="icon" href="/money/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" sizes="48x48"/><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-42372ed130431b0a.js" noModule=""></script></head><body class="britannica-money"><noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NRMG5CF" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript><header class="MoneyGlobalNav_MoneyGlobalNav__7ITIF bg-white border-top-5 border-top-navy-dark position-sticky top-0 d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="MoneyGlobalNav"><div class="MoneyGlobalNav_container__gVvhH container-lg mx-auto align-items-center justify-content-between px-10 pr-sm-20"><div class="d-none"><a href="/History-Society">History & Society</a><a href="/Science-Tech">Science & Tech</a><a href="/Biographies">Biographies</a><a href="/Animals-Nature">Animals & Nature</a><a href="/Geography-Travel">Geography & Travel</a><a href="/Arts-Culture">Arts & Culture</a><a href="/quiz/browse">Games & Quizzes</a><a href="/videos">Videos</a><a href="/on-this-day">On This Day</a><a href="/one-good-fact">One Good Fact</a><a href="/dictionary">Dictionary</a><ul><li><a href="/browse/Lifestyles-Social-Issues">Lifestyles & Social Issues</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Philosophy-Religion">Philosophy & Religion</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Politics-Law-Government">Politics, Law & Government</a></li><li><a href="/browse/World-History">World History</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/browse/Health-Medicine">Health & Medicine</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Science">Science</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Technology">Technology</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/browse/biographies">Browse Biographies</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/browse/Birds-Reptiles-Vertebrates">Birds, Reptiles & Other Vertebrates</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Bugs-Mollusks-Invertebrates">Bugs, Mollusks & Other Invertebrates</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Environment">Environment</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Fossil-Geologic-Time">Fossils & Geologic Time</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Mammals">Mammals</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Plants">Plants</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/browse/Geography-Travel">Geography & Travel</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/browse/Entertainment-Pop-Culture">Entertainment & Pop Culture</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Literature">Literature</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Sports-Recreation">Sports & Recreation</a></li><li><a href="/browse/Visual-Arts">Visual Arts</a></li></ul><a href="/stories/companion">Companions</a><a href="/stories/demystified">Demystified</a><a href="/gallery/browse">Image Galleries</a><a href="https://www.britannica.com/study/infographics">Infographics</a><a href="/list/browse">Lists</a><a href="/podcasts">Podcasts</a><a href="/stories/spotlight">Spotlight</a><a href="/summary">Summaries</a><a href="/stories/the-forum">The Forum</a><a href="/question">Top Questions</a><a href="/stories/wtfact">#WTFact</a><a href="https://www.britannica.com/explore/100women/">100 Women</a><a href="https://kids.britannica.com/">Britannica Kids</a><a href="https://www.britannica.com/explore/savingearth/">Saving Earth</a><a href="https://www.britannica.com/explore/space/">Space Next 50</a><a href="https://www.britannica.com/study/">Student Center</a></div><div class="MoneyGlobalNav_hamburgerArea__wYl0b z-1 mt-n5 align-self-end align-self-sm-center" data-testid="HamburgerMenu"><div data-testid="Dropdown"><div class="" data-testid="DropdownToggle"><div class="HamburgerMenu_LogoIcons__vfG_s d-flex text-navy-dark cursor-pointer"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z"></path></svg><div class="d-block d-md-none"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27A6.471 6.471 0 0 0 16 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 1 0 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="MoneyGlobalNav_logoArea__fU1Ri d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center justify-content-md-start"><a href="/money"><span class="MoneyGlobalNav_logoArea__fU1Ri d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center justify-content-md-start"><img loading="eager" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/money/assets/MoneyLogo-30x236-2x.png" alt="Britannica Money" data-testid="LogoLink" class="LogoLink_logo__TOIDL"/></span></a></div><div class="SearchBox_SearchBox__rCI9r MoneyGlobalNav_searchBarArea__6gW4c d-none d-md-block d-flex tw-relative" data-testid="SearchBox"><input class="SearchBox_SearchInput__r_LOc form-control rounded-lg pr-90 border-gray-200" placeholder="Search Britannica..." id="headlessui-combobox-input-:R3disq:" role="combobox" type="text" aria-expanded="false" aria-autocomplete="list" data-headlessui-state="" value=""/><div class="position-absolute top-0 right-0 bottom-0 d-flex mr-10"><button class="btn btn-unstyled px-5 text-navy-dark d-none" data-testid="Button" type="button" aria-label="Clear input" disabled=""><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="SearchBox_icon__e5DQz" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M19 6.41 17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z"></path></svg></button><button class="btn btn-unstyled px-5 d-none d-md-inline-flex text-navy-dark" data-testid="Button" type="button" aria-label="Search on Britannica" disabled=""><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="SearchBox_icon__e5DQz" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27A6.471 6.471 0 0 0 16 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 1 0 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z"></path></svg></button></div></div><div class="MoneyGlobalNav_subscribeArea__Z9MqE d-flex justify-content-end align-items-center"></div></div></header><div class="FinanceNav_FinanceNav__kOU0s position-sticky" data-testid="FinanceNav"><nav class="FinanceNav_nav__64n_o position-relative"><div class="SnapSliderWrapper_SnapSliderWrapper__0kO3Q FinanceNav_nav__64n_o bg-navy-dark tw-flex tw-items-center tw-justify-center tw-px-2" data-testid="SnapSliderWrapper" id="snap-slider"><div class="rw-track"><div class="tw-inline-block tw-mx-2 tw-text-sm sm:tw-text-base sm:tw-mx-2.5 tw-relative" data-testid="CategoryListItem"><div class="tw-flex tw-items-center"><a data-testid="CategoryLink" class="CategoryLink_CategoryLink__5Pxuk" style="--category-color:var(--blue)" href="/money/browse/household-finance"><div class="CategoryIcon_sm__lL7za d-inline-flex p-5 rounded-sm align-items-center justify-content-center CategoryIcon_inverted__rpZqw" style="--category-color:var(--blue)" data-testid="CategoryIcon"><div class="Icon_Icon__0yAOn CategoryIcon_Icon__GYYag d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="Icon"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="m21.41 11.58-9-9C12.05 2.22 11.55 2 11 2H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v7c0 .55.22 1.05.59 1.42l9 9c.36.36.86.58 1.41.58.55 0 1.05-.22 1.41-.59l7-7c.37-.36.59-.86.59-1.41 0-.55-.23-1.06-.59-1.42zM5.5 7C4.67 7 4 6.33 4 5.5S4.67 4 5.5 4 7 4.67 7 5.5 6.33 7 5.5 7z"></path></svg></div></div>Household Finance</a></div></div><div class="tw-inline-block tw-mx-2 tw-text-sm sm:tw-text-base sm:tw-mx-2.5 tw-relative" data-testid="CategoryListItem"><div class="tw-flex tw-items-center"><a data-testid="CategoryLink" class="CategoryLink_CategoryLink__5Pxuk" style="--category-color:var(--orange)" href="/money/browse/investing"><div class="CategoryIcon_sm__lL7za d-inline-flex p-5 rounded-sm align-items-center justify-content-center CategoryIcon_inverted__rpZqw" style="--category-color:var(--orange)" data-testid="CategoryIcon"><div class="Icon_Icon__0yAOn CategoryIcon_Icon__GYYag d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="Icon"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="m3.5 18.49 6-6.01 4 4L22 6.92l-1.41-1.41-7.09 7.97-4-4L2 16.99z"></path></svg></div></div>Investing</a></div></div><div class="tw-inline-block tw-mx-2 tw-text-sm sm:tw-text-base sm:tw-mx-2.5 tw-relative" data-testid="CategoryListItem"><div class="tw-flex tw-items-center"><a data-testid="CategoryLink" class="CategoryLink_CategoryLink__5Pxuk" style="--category-color:var(--violet-strong)" href="/money/browse/Trading"><div class="CategoryIcon_sm__lL7za d-inline-flex p-5 rounded-sm align-items-center justify-content-center CategoryIcon_inverted__rpZqw" style="--category-color:var(--violet-strong)" data-testid="CategoryIcon"><div class="Icon_Icon__0yAOn CategoryIcon_Icon__GYYag d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="Icon"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path><path d="M15 4c-4.42 0-8 3.58-8 8s3.58 8 8 8 8-3.58 8-8-3.58-8-8-8zm0 14c-3.31 0-6-2.69-6-6s2.69-6 6-6 6 2.69 6 6-2.69 6-6 6zM3 12a5.99 5.99 0 0 1 4-5.65V4.26C3.55 5.15 1 8.27 1 12s2.55 6.85 6 7.74v-2.09A5.99 5.99 0 0 1 3 12z"></path></svg></div></div>Trading</a></div></div><div class="tw-inline-block tw-mx-2 tw-text-sm sm:tw-text-base sm:tw-mx-2.5 tw-relative" data-testid="CategoryListItem"><div class="tw-flex tw-items-center"><a data-testid="CategoryLink" class="CategoryLink_CategoryLink__5Pxuk" style="--category-color:var(--green)" href="/money/browse/retirement"><div class="CategoryIcon_sm__lL7za d-inline-flex p-5 rounded-sm align-items-center justify-content-center CategoryIcon_inverted__rpZqw" style="--category-color:var(--green)" data-testid="CategoryIcon"><div class="Icon_Icon__0yAOn CategoryIcon_Icon__GYYag d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="Icon"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="m19.83 7.5-2.27-2.27c.07-.42.18-.81.32-1.15A1.498 1.498 0 0 0 16.5 2c-1.64 0-3.09.79-4 2h-5C4.46 4 2 6.46 2 9.5S4.5 21 4.5 21H10v-2h2v2h5.5l1.68-5.59 2.82-.94V7.5h-2.17zM13 9H8V7h5v2zm3 2c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s.45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1z"></path></svg></div></div>Retirement</a></div></div><div class="tw-inline-block tw-mx-2 tw-text-sm sm:tw-text-base sm:tw-mx-2.5 tw-relative" data-testid="CategoryListItem"><div class="tw-flex tw-items-center"><a data-testid="CategoryLink" class="CategoryLink_CategoryLink__5Pxuk" style="--category-color:var(--red)" href="/money/browse/Companies"><div class="CategoryIcon_sm__lL7za d-inline-flex p-5 rounded-sm align-items-center justify-content-center CategoryIcon_inverted__rpZqw" style="--category-color:var(--red)" data-testid="CategoryIcon"><div class="Icon_Icon__0yAOn CategoryIcon_Icon__GYYag d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="Icon"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M4 9h4v11H4zM16 13h4v7h-4zM10 4h4v16h-4z"></path></svg></div></div>Companies</a></div></div><div class="tw-inline-block tw-mx-2 tw-text-sm sm:tw-text-base sm:tw-mx-2.5 tw-relative" data-testid="CategoryListItem"><div class="tw-flex tw-items-center"><a data-testid="CategoryLink" class="CategoryLink_CategoryLink__5Pxuk" style="--category-color:var(--blue-strong)" href="/money/browse/Biographies"><div class="CategoryIcon_sm__lL7za d-inline-flex p-5 rounded-sm align-items-center justify-content-center CategoryIcon_inverted__rpZqw" style="--category-color:var(--blue-strong)" data-testid="CategoryIcon"><div class="Icon_Icon__0yAOn CategoryIcon_Icon__GYYag d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="Icon"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M18.39 14.56C16.71 13.7 14.53 13 12 13s-4.71.7-6.39 1.56A2.97 2.97 0 0 0 4 17.22V20h16v-2.78c0-1.12-.61-2.15-1.61-2.66zM9.78 12h4.44c1.21 0 2.14-1.06 1.98-2.26l-.32-2.45C15.57 5.39 13.92 4 12 4S8.43 5.39 8.12 7.29L7.8 9.74c-.16 1.2.77 2.26 1.98 2.26z"></path></svg></div></div>Biographies</a></div></div><div class="tw-inline-block tw-mx-2 tw-text-sm sm:tw-text-base sm:tw-mx-2.5 tw-relative" data-testid="CategoryListItem"><div class="tw-flex tw-items-center"><a data-testid="CategoryLink" class="CategoryLink_CategoryLink__5Pxuk" style="--category-color:var(--orange-light)" href="/money/browse/history-and-theory"><div class="CategoryIcon_sm__lL7za d-inline-flex p-5 rounded-sm align-items-center justify-content-center CategoryIcon_inverted__rpZqw" style="--category-color:var(--orange-light)" data-testid="CategoryIcon"><div class="Icon_Icon__0yAOn CategoryIcon_Icon__GYYag d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="Icon"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M5 13.18v4L12 21l7-3.82v-4L12 17l-7-3.82zM12 3 1 9l11 6 9-4.91V17h2V9L12 3z"></path></svg></div></div>Finance & the Economy</a></div></div></div></div><button class="btn btn-white btn-circle CircleIconButton_CircleIconButton__HkIE0 FinanceNav_Button__9Bxx6 m-5 position-absolute left-0 top-0 shadow-lg" data-testid="CircleIconButton" type="button" aria-label="left arrow" disabled=""><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M15.41 7.41 14 6l-6 6 6 6 1.41-1.41L10.83 12z"></path></svg></button><button class="btn btn-white btn-circle CircleIconButton_CircleIconButton__HkIE0 FinanceNav_Button__9Bxx6 m-5 position-absolute right-0 top-0 shadow-lg" data-testid="CircleIconButton" type="button" aria-label="right arrow" disabled=""><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></button></nav></div><main class="container-fluid"><div class="infinite-scroll-container"><div class="grid gx-0 gx-sm-20 mx-n20 mx-sm-20 my-sm-20 justify-content-center"><div class="TableOfContents_TableOfContents__g8WLR d-none d-md-block position-sticky p-20 border border-right-0" data-testid="TableOfContents"><div class="font-16 font-weight-bold">Table of Contents</div><hr class="mt-0"/><ul class="TableOfContents_TableOfContentsList__yU1tL p-0 mt-0 mb-0 list-unstyled" style="--category-color:var(--red)"><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref228424-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359173">Portfolio and products</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359174">1892–1980: The rise of GE as an American conglomerate</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359622">1981–2001: The Jack Welch years</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359623">2001–2019: General Electric’s height and fall from grace</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359175">2020s: From conglomerate to technology company</a></li></ul><div class="font-14 font-weight-bold mt-20">Read More</div><div class="TableOfContents_RelatedArticle__yK5m6" data-testid="RelatedContents"><a href="/money/J-P-Morgan" class="link-black" data-testid="RelatedContent-1-392225-1"><div class="card card-sm card-horizontal my-15" data-testid="Card"><div class="card-media" data-testid="CardMedia" style="aspect-ratio:50/40"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/61/25261-050-9ED938CF/John-Pierpont-Morgan-1902.jpg?c=crop&h=40&w=50" alt="J.P. Morgan" data-testid="IrisImage"/></div><div class="card-body" data-testid="CardBody"><div class="font-14">J.P. Morgan</div></div></div></a><a href="/money/Rolls-Royce-PLC" class="link-black" data-testid="RelatedContent-1-507200-1"><div class="card card-sm card-horizontal my-15" data-testid="Card"><div class="card-media" data-testid="CardMedia" style="aspect-ratio:50/40"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/78/141278-050-2FA53E60/engine-Rolls-Royce-Merlin-World-War-II-Perth.jpg?c=crop&h=40&w=50" alt="Rolls-Royce Merlin engine" data-testid="IrisImage"/></div><div class="card-body" data-testid="CardBody"><div class="font-14">Rolls-Royce PLC</div></div></div></a><a href="/money/Philips" class="link-black" data-testid="RelatedContent-1-456530-1"><div class="card card-sm card-horizontal my-15" data-testid="Card"><div class="card-media" data-testid="CardMedia" style="aspect-ratio:50/40"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/53/262453-050-3136A2E3/Philips-company-headquarters-Amsterdam-Netherlands.jpg?c=crop&h=40&w=50" alt="Logo of Philips on the company headquarters building in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Photographed in 2022." data-testid="IrisImage"/></div><div class="card-body" data-testid="CardBody"><div class="font-14">Philips</div></div></div></a></div></div><button class="btn btn-outline-undefined TableOfContents_MobileTableOfContentsButton__dHpRi d-md-none mb-20 w-100 d-none" data-testid="MobileTableOfContents" type="button" aria-label="Table Of Contents" style="--category-color:var(--red)"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path><path d="M4 10.5c-.83 0-1.5.67-1.5 1.5s.67 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5-1.5zm0-6c-.83 0-1.5.67-1.5 1.5S3.17 7.5 4 7.5 5.5 6.83 5.5 6 4.83 4.5 4 4.5zm0 12c-.83 0-1.5.68-1.5 1.5s.68 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5-.68 1.5-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5-1.5zM7 19h14v-2H7v2zm0-6h14v-2H7v2zm0-8v2h14V5H7z"></path></svg><span class="font-18 ml-5">Table Of Contents</span></button><span hidden="" style="position:fixed;top:1px;left:1px;width:1px;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none"></span><div id="_1-228424-1" class="Article_Article__gsKlG bg-white px-20 border-left border-right pt-20 border-top col-100 col-md z-2" data-testid="Article"><script>(self.__next_s=self.__next_s||[]).push([0,{"type":"application/ld+json","children":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"name\":\"Money\",\"item\":\"https://www.britannica.com/money\",\"position\":1},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"name\":\"Companies\",\"item\":\"https://www.britannica.com/money.Companies\",\"position\":2},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"name\":\"Industrials\",\"item\":\"https://www.britannica.com/money.Industrials\",\"position\":3}]}","id":":R1ksvf7ksq:"}])</script><div class="Breadcrumbs_Breadcrumbs__QDAdB" data-testid="Breadcrumbs"><nav class="breadcrumb align-items-center" data-testid="Breadcrumb"><div class="mr-5 CategoryIcon_CategoryColor__LqKRy CategoryIcon_base__kFMzG d-inline-flex p-5 rounded-sm align-items-center justify-content-center CategoryIcon_inverted__rpZqw" style="--category-color:var(--red)" data-testid="CategoryIcon"><div class="Icon_Icon__0yAOn CategoryIcon_Icon__GYYag d-flex align-items-center" data-testid="Icon"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M4 9h4v11H4zM16 13h4v7h-4zM10 4h4v16h-4z"></path></svg></div></div><span class="breadcrumb-item Breadcrumbs_CategoryLink__lg_ec my-5" data-testid="BreadcrumbItem"><a href="/money/browse/Companies"><span class="Breadcrumbs_CategoryLink__lg_ec font-14" style="--category-color:var(--red)" data-testid="CategoryLabel">Companies</span></a></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="Breadcrumbs_CategoryLink__lg_ec mx-5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59 13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg><span class="breadcrumb-item Breadcrumbs_CategoryLink__lg_ec my-5" data-testid="BreadcrumbItem"><a href="/money/browse/Industrials"><span class="Breadcrumbs_CategoryLink__lg_ec font-14" style="--category-color:var(--red)" data-testid="CategoryLabel">Industrials</span></a></span></nav></div><div class="mb-20 mb-sm-10"><h1 class="mb-5">General Electric</h1><div class="mb-10 font-20 text-gray-700">American corporation</div><div class="mb-10" data-testid="ArticleUtilityBar"><button class="btn btn-outline-blue btn-xs py-5 px-10 shadow-sm mr-5" data-testid="ArticleUtilityBar-Print" type="button" aria-label="Print"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ArticleUtilityBar_UtilityButtonIcon__6w04y mr-5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M19 8H5c-1.66 0-3 1.34-3 3v6h4v4h12v-4h4v-6c0-1.66-1.34-3-3-3zm-3 11H8v-5h8v5zm3-7c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s.45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1zm-1-9H6v4h12V3z"></path></svg>Print</button><button class="btn btn-outline-blue btn-xs py-5 px-10 shadow-sm mr-5" data-testid="ArticleUtilityBar-Cite" type="button" aria-label="Cite"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ArticleUtilityBar_UtilityButtonIcon__6w04y mr-5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="m23 12-2.44-2.79.34-3.69-3.61-.82-1.89-3.2L12 2.96 8.6 1.5 6.71 4.69 3.1 5.5l.34 3.7L1 12l2.44 2.79-.34 3.7 3.61.82L8.6 22.5l3.4-1.47 3.4 1.46 1.89-3.19 3.61-.82-.34-3.69L23 12zm-12.91 4.72-3.8-3.81 1.48-1.48 2.32 2.33 5.85-5.87 1.48 1.48-7.33 7.35z"></path></svg>Cite</button><span hidden="" style="position:fixed;top:1px;left:1px;width:1px;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none"></span><button class="btn btn-outline-blue btn-xs py-5 px-10 shadow-sm mr-5" data-testid="ArticleUtilityBar-Share" type="button" aria-label="Share"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ArticleUtilityBar_UtilityButtonIcon__6w04y mr-5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M18 16.08c-.76 0-1.44.3-1.96.77L8.91 12.7c.05-.23.09-.46.09-.7s-.04-.47-.09-.7l7.05-4.11c.54.5 1.25.81 2.04.81 1.66 0 3-1.34 3-3s-1.34-3-3-3-3 1.34-3 3c0 .24.04.47.09.7L8.04 9.81C7.5 9.31 6.79 9 6 9c-1.66 0-3 1.34-3 3s1.34 3 3 3c.79 0 1.5-.31 2.04-.81l7.12 4.16c-.05.21-.08.43-.08.65 0 1.61 1.31 2.92 2.92 2.92 1.61 0 2.92-1.31 2.92-2.92s-1.31-2.92-2.92-2.92z"></path></svg>Share</button><span hidden="" style="position:fixed;top:1px;left:1px;width:1px;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none"></span><button class="btn btn-outline-blue btn-xs py-5 px-10 shadow-sm" data-testid="ArticleUtilityBar-Links" type="button" aria-label="Links"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ArticleUtilityBar_UtilityButtonIcon__6w04y mr-5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M3.9 12c0-1.71 1.39-3.1 3.1-3.1h4V7H7c-2.76 0-5 2.24-5 5s2.24 5 5 5h4v-1.9H7c-1.71 0-3.1-1.39-3.1-3.1zM8 13h8v-2H8v2zm9-6h-4v1.9h4c1.71 0 3.1 1.39 3.1 3.1s-1.39 3.1-3.1 3.1h-4V17h4c2.76 0 5-2.24 5-5s-2.24-5-5-5z"></path></svg>Links</button><span hidden="" style="position:fixed;top:1px;left:1px;width:1px;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none"></span></div><div class="caption mt-10">Also known as: GE, General Electric Company</div><div class="" data-testid="BylinesWrapper"><strong class="font-12 mr-5 text-center">Written by</strong><span class="mr-5" data-testid="Byline"><span class="Byline_popoverTrigger__xVs4j font-14" id="_R1jiksvf7ksq">Karl Montevirgen</span></span><div class="popover AuthorPopover_AuthorPopover__0W0b4" data-testid="Popover"><a class="font-weight-semi-bold" href="/money/author/karl-montevirgen/12874516">Karl Montevirgen</a><div class="AuthorPopover_shortBio__1tFaf mt-5 font-14 font-serif text-gray-700 line-clamp clamp-4"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Karl Montevirgen is a professional freelance writer who specializes in the fields of finance, cryptomarkets, content strategy, and the arts. Karl works with several organizations in the equities, futures, physical metals, and blockchain industries. He holds FINRA Series 3 and Series 34 licenses in addition to a dual MFA in critical studies/writing and music composition from the California Institute of the Arts.</span></div><div data-popper-arrow="true"></div></div></div><strong class="font-12 mr-5">Fact-checked by</strong><span class="mr-5" data-testid="Byline"><span class="Byline_popoverTrigger__xVs4j font-14" id="_R1liksvf7ksq">The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</span></span><div class="popover AuthorPopover_AuthorPopover__0W0b4" data-testid="Popover"><a class="font-weight-semi-bold" href="/money/author/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica/4419">The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</a><div class="AuthorPopover_shortBio__1tFaf mt-5 font-14 font-serif text-gray-700 line-clamp clamp-4">Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.</div><div data-popper-arrow="true"></div></div><div class="caption mt-5 d-flex" data-testid="ContentDateAndHistory"><span>Updated: <time dateTime="Nov. 19, 2024">Nov. 19, 2024</time></span></div></div><div class="TableOfContents_TableOfContents__g8WLR d-none" data-testid="TableOfContents"><div class="font-16 font-weight-bold">Table of Contents</div><hr class="mt-0"/><ul class="TableOfContents_TableOfContentsList__yU1tL p-0 mt-0 mb-0 list-unstyled pl-5" style="--category-color:var(--red)"><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref228424-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359173">Portfolio and products</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359174">1892–1980: The rise of GE as an American conglomerate</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359622">1981–2001: The Jack Welch years</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359623">2001–2019: General Electric’s height and fall from grace</a></li><li class="link-black font-14 my-10"><a href="/money/General-Electric#ref359175">2020s: From conglomerate to technology company</a></li></ul><div class="font-14 font-weight-bold mt-20">Read More</div><div class="TableOfContents_RelatedArticle__yK5m6" data-testid="RelatedContents"><a href="/money/J-P-Morgan" class="link-black" data-testid="RelatedContent-1-392225-1"><div class="card card-sm card-horizontal my-15" data-testid="Card"><div class="card-media" data-testid="CardMedia" style="aspect-ratio:50/40"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/61/25261-050-9ED938CF/John-Pierpont-Morgan-1902.jpg?c=crop&h=40&w=50" alt="J.P. Morgan" data-testid="IrisImage"/></div><div class="card-body" data-testid="CardBody"><div class="font-14">J.P. Morgan</div></div></div></a><a href="/money/Rolls-Royce-PLC" class="link-black" data-testid="RelatedContent-1-507200-1"><div class="card card-sm card-horizontal my-15" data-testid="Card"><div class="card-media" data-testid="CardMedia" style="aspect-ratio:50/40"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/78/141278-050-2FA53E60/engine-Rolls-Royce-Merlin-World-War-II-Perth.jpg?c=crop&h=40&w=50" alt="Rolls-Royce Merlin engine" data-testid="IrisImage"/></div><div class="card-body" data-testid="CardBody"><div class="font-14">Rolls-Royce PLC</div></div></div></a><a href="/money/Philips" class="link-black" data-testid="RelatedContent-1-456530-1"><div class="card card-sm card-horizontal my-15" data-testid="Card"><div class="card-media" data-testid="CardMedia" style="aspect-ratio:50/40"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/53/262453-050-3136A2E3/Philips-company-headquarters-Amsterdam-Netherlands.jpg?c=crop&h=40&w=50" alt="Logo of Philips on the company headquarters building in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Photographed in 2022." data-testid="IrisImage"/></div><div class="card-body" data-testid="CardBody"><div class="font-14">Philips</div></div></div></a></div></div><button class="btn btn-outline-undefined TableOfContents_MobileTableOfContentsButton__dHpRi d-md-none mb-20 w-100" data-testid="MobileTableOfContents" type="button" aria-label="Table Of Contents" style="--category-color:var(--red)"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path><path d="M4 10.5c-.83 0-1.5.67-1.5 1.5s.67 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5-1.5zm0-6c-.83 0-1.5.67-1.5 1.5S3.17 7.5 4 7.5 5.5 6.83 5.5 6 4.83 4.5 4 4.5zm0 12c-.83 0-1.5.68-1.5 1.5s.68 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5-.68 1.5-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5-1.5zM7 19h14v-2H7v2zm0-6h14v-2H7v2zm0-8v2h14V5H7z"></path></svg><span class="font-18 ml-5">Table Of Contents</span></button><span hidden="" style="position:fixed;top:1px;left:1px;width:1px;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none"></span><div class="font-serif font-18 lh-lg dropCapArticle"><div class="QuickFacts_quickFacts__FMF2_ border rounded p-20 mb-20 ml-sm-20 mx-auto font-14 bg-white font-sans-serif"><div class="" data-testid="QuickFacts-Facts"><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">in full:</dt><dd>General Electric Company</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Date:</dt><dd>1892 - present</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Ticker:</dt><dd>GE</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Share price:</dt><dd>$181.15 (mkt close, Nov. 22, 2024)</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Market cap:</dt><dd>$196.06 bil.</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Annual revenue:</dt><dd>$69.95 bil.</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Earnings per share (prev. year):</dt><dd>$5.07</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Sector:</dt><dd>Industrials</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Industry:</dt><dd>Industrial Conglomerates</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">CEO:</dt><dd>Mr. H. Lawrence Culp Jr.</dd></dl></div><div class="QuickFacts_fact__5ukCJ position-relative line-clamp clamp-3"><dl class=""> <dt class="font-weight-bold text-capitalize mr-5">Headquarters:</dt><dd><a href="/place/Fairfield-Connecticut">Fairfield</a></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="mb-20 font-sans-serif"><div class="label mb-5 font-weight-bold text-hr text-hr-right font-14">Recent News</div><div class="mt-5 d-flex flex-column" data-testid="RecentNews-Item-3850702"><span class="font-12"><time class="mr-5" dateTime="Nov. 9, 2024, 2:08 AM UTC">Nov. 9, 2024, 2:08 AM UTC</time>(Straits Times)</span><a href="https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/timing-of-next-ge-not-decided-yet-but-as-each-day-passes-i-am-more-ready-pm-wong" class="d-block font-14 gtm-ap-news-link font-weight-semi-bold">Timing of next GE not decided yet, but ‘as each day passes, I am more ready’: PM Wong</a></div></div><section class="HTMLContent_HTMLContent__cOyPs" data-testid="HTMLContent"><span id="ref228424-1" data-level="1" /><p>General Electric Company (GE) is a multinational <a href="/money/conglomerate-business">conglomerate</a> headquartered in Boston, <a href="/place/Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, that was incorporated in 1892 following a series of mergers between various companies owned and operated by <span id="ref47317" /><a href="/biography/Thomas-Edison">Thomas Alva Edison</a> and the Thomson-Houston Electric Company.</p><p>For well over a century, General Electric was one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world, spanning a wide range of sectors and industries. A series of financial setbacks in the 2010s forced the company to sell off major portions of its holdings, including its flagship media, financial services, and consumer products arms.</p><p>After transitioning from its conglomerate-centric model, General Electric now focuses on three main business components: energy solutions, jet engines, and health care technologies. This strategic pivot reinforces its status as an emblem of perpetual innovation and reinvention.</p><span id="ref359173" data-level="1" /><h2 class="h2">Portfolio and products</h2><p>General Electric’s innovations span a wide array of technological and industrial fields, including:</p><ul data-listtype="UL"><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Hydroelectric power.</strong> GE’s products include digital hydro plants, large hydro turbines, large hydro generators, hydro control systems, and hydro mechanical equipment.</li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Gas power.</strong> GE’s solutions for gas power encompass gas and steam turbines, generators, condensers, and a range of plant equipment. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Energy grids.</strong> The company’s solutions include a variety of grid equipment and services. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Wind power.</strong> GE offers a range of products and services that encompass onshore and offshore wind turbines as well as related equipment and services. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Aviation.</strong> Products include turboprop engines, jet engines, and systems for commercial, business, and military aviation. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Industrial Internet.</strong> GE’s industrial Internet initiative focuses on solutions for the Industrial <a href="/science/Internet-of-Things">Internet of Things</a> (IoT)—essentially, machine-to-machine communications on an industrial scale for the purposes of monitoring, collecting, exchanging, and analyzing data with the aim of optimizing decision speed, accuracy, and overall efficiency. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Health care technologies.</strong> For more than a century, GE has been at the forefront of medical technology R&D and <a href="/technology/manufacturing">manufacturing</a>, contributing to advancements in X-ray machines, CT scans, and MRIs. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Materials science.</strong> GE’s materials initiatives include R&D for <a href="/technology/materials-science">materials science</a>, chemistry, physics, and various <a href="/technology/engineering">engineering</a> fields. The goal is to develop material and process solutions for industrial applications and government programs. These initiatives include materials development, processing, testing, system design, and modeling.</li></ul><p>GE’s portfolio of products and services underscores its extensive range of R&D initiatives and legacy operations. GE also engages in financial services, providing financial investment in energy infrastructure projects across the globe.</p><span id="ref359174" data-level="1" /><h2 class="h2">1892–1980: The rise of GE as an American conglomerate</h2><p>General Electric was incorporated in 1892, acquiring all the assets of the Edison General Electric Company and two other electrical companies. Edison General had been founded as the Edison Electric Light Company in 1878 by <a href="/biography/Thomas-Edison">Thomas Edison</a> to market his <a href="/technology/incandescent-lamp">incandescent lamp</a> and other later products. Edison remained associated with General Electric through his patents and consulting duties.</p><p>GE would go on to produce one of the largest lines of electrical industrial and consumer goods in the world, later establishing (in 1900) an industrial research laboratory, where many of its later products were developed by in-house scientists. The historical time line of GE’s notable innovations, beginning with Edison’s work prior to the company’s official establishment, and following GE’s incorporation in 1892, includes:</p><ul data-listtype="UL"><li data-itemtype="LI">The incandescent <a href="/technology/lightbulb">light bulb</a> (1879) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">The nation’s first commercial power station (1882) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">The giant electric <a href="/technology/locomotive-vehicle">locomotive</a> (1893) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">The X-ray machine (1896) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Voice radio broadcasts </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Electric home appliances (1910) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Vacuum tubes (1912) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">First home television (1927) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Plastic and silicone innovations (1930s–1940s) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Commercial jet engines (1941) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Nuclear power (1957) </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Laser lights (1962)</li><li data-itemtype="LI">Medical devices (1976)</li></ul><p>Through the late 19th century to the 20th century, GE became a global powerhouse known for pioneering and innovative technological advancements and reshaping industries.</p><span id="ref359622" data-level="1" /><h2 class="h2">1981–2001: The Jack Welch years</h2><p>Jack Welch began working at GE as a junior chemical engineer in 1960. Rising through the company’s ranks and across several of GE’s divisions over the next two decades, Welch became the company’s youngest chair and <a href="/money/chief-executive-officer">CEO</a> in 1981.</p><p>Jack Welch’s tenure at GE would solidify his position as one of the most distinguished CEOs in American business history. Welch aggressively restructured the company’s business divisions, established a culture of fierce competition and performance expectations, expanded GE’s diversification-through-acquisition strategy, and shifted greater focus toward shareholder value. Under Welch, GE Capital, the company’s financial services division, became a major <a href="/money/profit">profit</a> generator. This made Welch one of the most remarkable CEOs of his time, increasing GE’s value from $14 billion in 1981 to $600 billion (outpacing the S&P 500) within two decades.</p><p>In 1986, under Welch’s leadership, GE purchased the <a href="/money/RCA-Corporation">RCA Corporation</a> (which it had helped to found in 1919), including the RCA-owned television network the <a href="/money/National-Broadcasting-Co-Inc">National Broadcasting Company</a> (NBC), Inc. In 1987, GE sold RCA’s consumer <a href="/technology/electronics">electronics</a> division to <a href="/money/Technicolor-SA">Thomson SA</a>, a state-owned French firm, and purchased Thomson’s medical technology division. In 1989 GE agreed to combine its European business interests in appliances, medical systems, electrical distribution, and power systems with the formerly unrelated British corporation General Electric Company.</p><span id="ref359623" data-level="1" /><h2 class="h2">2001–2019: General Electric’s height and fall from grace</h2><p>Although GE’s consumer products are most visible to the general public, they accounted for a minority of the company’s annual sales. A substantial portion went to the <a href="/topic/US-Department-of-Defense">U.S. Department of Defense</a>. As of the early 21st century, GE’s business lines consisted of:</p><ul data-listtype="UL"><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Finance.</strong> GE Capital traces its roots to the 1930s, where it existed to facilitate the sale of GE consumer products. At its height in 2008, the commercial and consumer <a href="/money/finance">finance</a> arm was the seventh largest bank <a href="/money/holding-company">holding company</a> in the U.S. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Infrastructure.</strong> The division included diesel locomotives, jet engines, <a href="/technology/wastewater-treatment">water treatment</a> systems, and <a href="/science/energy">energy delivery</a> systems such as power grids. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Consumer and industrial technologies.</strong> Appliances and <a href="/technology/lighting">lighting</a> products—the products that made GE a household name in the 20th century—were housed in this unit. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Health care.</strong> The chief focus was medical diagnostic and imaging products. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>Media and entertainment.</strong> In 2004, GE purchased a majority stake in Vivendi Universal to create its flagship <a href="/money/NBCUniversal">NBCUniversal</a> division. </li></ul><p>In the years leading up to the <a href="/money/financial-crisis-of-2007-2008">2008 financial crisis</a>, and following Welch’s departure, GE’s CEO Jeff Immelt leveraged GE Capital funds toward the acquisition of commercial real estate (among other acquisitions that have since been viewed in a critical light). GE also acquired WMC Mortgage, a <a href="/money/subprime-lending">subprime</a> lender. Essentially, GE’s massive real estate sector holdings were purchased near or at the top of the market.</p><p>The financial crisis that erupted in 2008, triggered by overleveraged investments in the U.S. real estate industry combined with risky subprime loans, plunged the value of GE Capital’s investments and holdings and, ultimately, GE’s share price, which fell more than 80% from late 2007 to early 2009.</p><p>As the crisis ebbed, GE began the arduous task of restructuring in order to concentrate on areas of potential growth:</p><ul data-listtype="UL"><li data-itemtype="LI">In 2011, GE sold a majority stake in NBCUniversal to <a href="/money/Comcast">Comcast</a>, which acquired the remaining shares two years later. </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Between 2015 and 2017, the company sold off pieces of GE Capital until nothing remained except its energy finance division. </li><li data-itemtype="LI">In 2016 GE moved its headquarters from <a href="/place/Fairfield-Connecticut">Fairfield</a>, Connecticut, to Boston. </li><li data-itemtype="LI">Also in 2016, GE sold its flagship appliances division to Chinese manufacturer Haier. </li><li data-itemtype="LI">In 2017, GE veteran John Flannery replaced Immelt as CEO. Net losses continued to pile up for GE. Flannery’s tenure would last only one year, when he would be replaced by H. Lawrence (“Larry”) Culp. </li><li data-itemtype="LI">In 2017 and again in 2018, GE slashed its storied <a href="/money/dividend-finance">dividend</a>—which had been running strong for 119 years—down to one penny. Also in 2018, GE—the last remaining stock from the “original” <a href="/money/Dow-Jones-average">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a>—was removed from the <a href="/money/stock-market-index">index</a>, replaced by Walgreens Boots Alliance (WBA).</li></ul><span id="ref359175" data-level="1" /><h2 class="h2">2020s: From conglomerate to technology company</h2><p>By 2020, GE’s vision would shift away from the conglomerate model and toward what would eventually become its three primary business components: energy solutions, jet engines, and health care technologies. In 2021, GE announced plans to divide its operations into three separate entities.</p><ul data-listtype="UL"><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>GE HeathCare.</strong> The spin-off of GE’s health technologies division was completed in January 2023; the new company began trading on the <a href="/money/NASDAQ">Nasdaq</a> under the ticker <strong>GEHC</strong>. GE kept roughly 20% of the <a href="/money/stock-finance#ref6916">common stock shares</a> of GE HealthCare. </li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>GE Vernova.</strong> The spin-off of Vernova—a merging of GE Renewable Energy, GE Power, and GE Digital—was completed in April 2024 and began trading under the ticker symbol <strong>GEV</strong>. GE shareholders received one share of GE Vernova for every four shares they held at the time of the split. Because of its <a href="/money/understanding-market-capitalization">market capitalization</a>, GE Vernova joined the <a href="/money/SandP-500">S&P 500</a> at launch.</li><li data-itemtype="LI"><strong>GE Aerospace.</strong> The aerospace division remained with the parent company and continues to trade under the ticker symbol <strong>GE</strong>.</li></ul><p>These spin-offs represent a full-circle return to General Electric’s roots: Using technological innovation to solve some of the world’s largest problems.</p></section><span class="Signature_signature__PzeTY d-block border-left font-italic pb-5 pl-10 mt-10 font-14" data-testid="Signature"><a href="/money/author/karl-montevirgen/12874516">Karl Montevirgen</a></span></div></div><aside class="d-none d-lg-block cm-right-rail col-da-320 z-1" data-testid="RightRail"></aside></div><div data-page-index="1" data-testid="PageSentinel"></div></div></main><footer class="Footer_Footer__h6k1G text-align-center pb-100" data-testid="Footer"><div class="pt-30 pt-md-40 mx-25 mx-md-0"><a href="/money"><img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/money/assets/Money-475x60-footer-2x.png?h=47&w=390" alt="Britannica Money Logo" data-testid="IrisImage"/></a></div><div class="Footer_SubLinks__z2QDt my-30 font-weight-semi-bold font-weight-semi-bold d-flex flex-row tw-justify-center tw-items-center"><a class="mx-20" href="/money/about">About Us</a><a href="https://corporate.britannica.com/privacy-policy-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="mx-20">Privacy Policy</a><a href="https://corporate.britannica.com/termsofuse.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="mx-20">Terms & Conditions</a></div><div class="Footer_Copyright__67QaR pb-40 mx-40 mx-md-0">© 2024 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</div></footer><script src="/money/_next/static/chunks/webpack-2061e5964e29d330.js" async=""></script><script>(self.__next_f=self.__next_f||[]).push([0]);self.__next_f.push([2,null])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1:HL[\"/money/_next/static/css/ed88fa449f0abf89.css\",\"style\"]\n2:HL[\"/money/_next/static/css/70f86f4126b272f4.css\",\"style\"]\n3:HL[\"/money/_next/static/css/8d9afac2f3c5e8af.css\",\"style\"]\n4:HL[\"/money/_next/static/css/ab07b9459beb29f2.css\",\"style\"]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5:I[5751,[],\"\"]\n8:I[9275,[],\"\"]\na:I[1343,[],\"\"]\nd:I[6314,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"470\",\"static/chunks/app/global-error-108029149ba84be2.js\"],\"default\"]\n9:[\"contentPaths\",\"General-Electric\",\"c\"]\ne:[]\n0:[\"$\",\"$L5\",null,{\"buildId\":\"L2B8XjTO9nCUDRkGwCHWK\",\"assetPrefix\":\"/money\",\"urlParts\":[\"\",\"General-Electric\"],\"initialTree\":[\"\",{\"children\":[\"(fluid)\",{\"children\":[[\"contentPaths\",\"General-Electric\",\"c\"],{\"children\":[\"__PAGE__\",{}]}]}]},\"$undefined\",\"$undefined\",true],\"initialSeedData\":[\"\",{\"children\":[\"(fluid)\",{\"children\":[[\"contentPaths\",\"General-Electric\",\"c\"],{\"children\":[\"__PAGE__\",{},[[\"$L6\",\"$L7\",[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/money/_next/static/css/ab07b9459beb29f2.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]]],null],null]},[null,[\"$\",\"$L8\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\",\"(fluid)\",\"children\",\"$9\",\"children\"],\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"errorScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$La\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":\"$undefined\",\"notFoundStyles\":\"$undefined\"}]],null]},[[null,[\"$\",\"main\",null,{\"className\":\"container-fluid\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L8\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\",\"(fluid)\",\"children\"],\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"errorScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$La\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":\"$undefined\",\"notFoundStyles\":\"$undefined\"}]}]],null],null]},[[[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/money/_next/static/css/ed88fa449f0abf89.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"1\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/money/_next/static/css/70f86f4126b272f4.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"2\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/money/_next/static/css/8d9afac2f3c5e8af.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefin"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ed\"}]],\"$Lb\"],null],null],\"couldBeIntercepted\":false,\"initialHead\":[null,\"$Lc\"],\"globalErrorComponent\":\"$d\",\"missingSlots\":\"$We\"}]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"f:I[4981,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"501\",\"static/chunks/c16f53c3-18689f18053b1bd6.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js\",\"862\",\"static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js\",\"305\",\"static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js\",\"49\",\"static/chunks/49-b35b37e80175342d.js\",\"185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-b210805bfd985e93.js\"],\"default\"]\n10:I[4185,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"501\",\"static/chunks/c16f53c3-18689f18053b1bd6.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js\",\"862\",\"static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js\",\"305\",\"static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js\",\"49\",\"static/chunks/49-b35b37e80175342d.js\",\"185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-b210805bfd985e93.js\"],\"default\"]\n11:I[9652,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"501\",\"static/chunks/c16f53c3-18689f18053b1bd6.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js\",\"862\",\"static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js\",\"305\",\"static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js\",\"49\",\"static/chunks/49-b35b37e80175342d.js\",\"185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-b210805bfd985e93.js\"],\"default\"]\n12:I[5058,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"501\",\"static/chunks/c16f53c3-18689f18053b1bd6.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js\",\"862\",\"static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js\",\"305\",\"static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js\",\"49\",\"static/chunks/49-b35b37e80175342d.js\",\"185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-b210805bfd985e93.js\"],\"default\"]\n13:I[5532,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"501\",\"static/chunks/c16f53c3-18689f18053b1bd6.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,".js\",\"862\",\"static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js\",\"305\",\"static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js\",\"49\",\"static/chunks/49-b35b37e80175342d.js\",\"185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-b210805bfd985e93.js\"],\"default\"]\n14:I[2446,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"601\",\"static/chunks/app/error-2011c793a4e3bd47.js\"],\"default\"]\n15:I[231,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js\",\"800\",\"static/chunks/800-785e360c92ec9b5c.js\",\"464\",\"static/chunks/app/(container)/page-2b0ff1f14f252f3d.js\"],\"\"]\n16:I[2359,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"501\",\"static/chunks/c16f53c3-18689f18053b1bd6.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js\",\"862\",\"static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js\",\"305\",\"static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js\",\"49\",\"static/chunks/49-b35b37e80175342d.js\",\"185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-b210805bfd985e93.js\"],\"default\"]\n17:I[4080,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"501\",\"static/chunks/c16f53c3-18689f18053b1bd6.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js\",\"862\",\"static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js\",\"305\",\"static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js\",\"49\",\"static/chunks/49-b35b37e80175342d.js\",\"185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-b210805bfd985e93.js\"],\"\"]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b:[\"$\",\"$Lf\",null,{\"navigationMenu\":{\"britannicaSite\":{\"britannicaLinks\":[{\"title\":\"History \u0026 Society\",\"url\":\"/History-Society\"},{\"title\":\"Science \u0026 Tech\",\"url\":\"/Science-Tech\"},{\"title\":\"Biographies\",\"url\":\"/Biographies\"},{\"title\":\"Animals \u0026 Nature\",\"url\":\"/Animals-Nature\"},{\"title\":\"Geography \u0026 Travel\",\"url\":\"/Geography-Travel\"},{\"title\":\"Arts \u0026 Culture\",\"url\":\"/Arts-Culture\"},{\"title\":\"Games \u0026 Quizzes\",\"url\":\"/quiz/browse\"},{\"title\":\"Videos\",\"url\":\"/videos\"},{\"title\":\"On This Day\",\"url\":\"/on-this-day\"},{\"title\":\"One Good Fact\",\"url\":\"/one-good-fact\"},{\"title\":\"Dictionary\",\"url\":\"/dictionary\"}],\"browseByCategory\":[{\"titleLink\":{\"id\":5,\"title\":\"History \u0026 Society\",\"url\":\"/History-Society\"},\"links\":[{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Lifestyles \u0026 Social Issues\",\"url\":\"/browse/Lifestyles-Social-Issues\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Philosophy \u0026 Religion\",\"url\":\"/browse/Philosophy-Religion\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Politics, Law \u0026 Government\",\"url\":\"/browse/Politics-Law-Government\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"World History\",\"url\":\"/browse/World-History\"}]},{\"titleLink\":{\"id\":6,\"title\":\"Science \u0026 Tech\",\"url\":\"/Science-Tech\"},\"links\":[{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Health \u0026 Medicine\",\"url\":\"/browse/Health-Medicine\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Science\",\"url\":\"/browse/Science\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Technology\",\"url\":\"/browse/Technology\"}]},{\"titleLink\":{\"id\":3,\"title\":\"Biographies\",\"url\":\"/Biographies\"},\"links\":[{\"title\":\"Browse Biographies\",\"url\":\"/browse/biographies\"}]},{\"titleLink\":{\"id\":1,\"title\":\"Animals \u0026 Nature\",\"url\":\"/Animals-Nature\"},\"links\":[{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Birds, Reptiles \u0026 Other Vertebrates\",\"url\":\"/browse/Birds-Reptiles-Vertebrates\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Bugs, Mollusks \u0026 Other Invertebrates\",\"url\":\"/browse/Bugs-Mollusks-Invertebrates\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Environment\",\"url\":\"/browse/Environment\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Fossils \u0026 Geologic Time\",\"url\":\"/browse/Fossil-Geologic-Time\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Mammals\",\"url\":\"/browse/Mammals\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Plants\",\"url\":\"/browse/Plants\"}]},{\"titleLink\":{\"id\":4,\"title\":\"Geography \u0026 Travel\",\"url\":\"/Geography-Travel\"},\"links\":[{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Geography \u0026 Travel\",\"url\":\"/browse/Geography-Travel\"}]},{\"titleLink\":{\"id\":2,\"title\":\"Arts \u0026 Culture\",\"url\":\"/Arts-Culture\"},\"links\":[{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Entertainment \u0026 Pop Culture\",\"url\":\"/browse/Entertainment-Pop-Culture\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Literature\",\"url\":\"/browse/Literature\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Sports \u0026 Recreation\",\"url\":\"/browse/Sports-Recreation\"},{\"id\":0,\"title\":\"Visual Arts\",\"url\":\"/browse/Visual-Arts\"}]}],\"browseByFeature\":[{\"title\":\"Companions\",\"url\":\"/stories/companion\"},{\"title\":\"Demystified\",\"url\":\"/stories/demystified\"},{\"title\":\"Image Galleries\",\"url\":\"/gallery/browse\"},{\"title\":\"Infographics\",\"url\":\"https://www.britannica.com/study/infographics\",\"newTab\":true},{\"title\":\"Lists\",\"url\":\"/list/browse\"},{\"title\":\"Podcasts\",\"url\":\"/podcasts\"},{\"title\":\"Spotlight\",\"url\":\"/stories/spotlight\"},{\"title\":\"Summaries\",\"url\":\"/summary\"},{\"title\":\"The Forum\",\"url\":\"/stories/the-forum\"},{\"title\":\"Top Questions\",\"url\":\"/question\"},{\"title\":\"#WTFact\",\"url\":\"/stories/wtfact\"}],\"moreOnBritannica\":[{\"title\":\"100 Women\",\"url\":\"https://www.britannica.com/explore/100women/\",\"newTab\":true},{\"title\":\"Britannica Kids\",\"url\":\"https://kids.britannica.com/\",\"newTab\":true},{\"title\":\"Saving Earth\",\"url\":\"https://www.britannica.com/explore/savingearth/\",\"newTab\":true},{\"title\":\"Space Next 50\",\"url\":\"https://www.britannica.com/explore/space/\",\"newTab\":true},{\"title\":\"Student Center\",\"url\":\"https://www.britannica.com/study/\",\"newTab\":true}]},\"categoriesAndSubcategories\":[{\"category\":{\"id\":13300,\"parentId\":13000,\"title\":\"Household Finance\",\"description\":\"Household finance includes all of your day-to-day encounters with money, as well as planning, budgeting, and saving for your goals and dreams. Categories include banking, insurance, taxes, and managing debt, family, and your career.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"household-finance\",\"url\":\"/browse/household-finance\"},\"subcategories\":[{\"id\":13301,\"parentId\":13300,\"title\":\"Banking \u0026 Payments\",\"description\":\"Banks and payment facilities are at the center of your financial life, from storing your money and processing your transactions to helping you save in CDs and other accounts. It pays to know who's who and how it all works.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"Banking-Payments\",\"url\":\"/browse/Banking-Payments\"},{\"id\":13302,\"parentId\":13300,\"title\":\"Career\",\"description\":\"From the time you start your first job until the day you cash that last paycheck before retirement, your career will involve plenty of decisions as you manage a salary and benefits, start your own business or a side hustle, and more.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"Career\",\"url\":\"/browse/Career\"},{\"id\":13303,\"parentId\":13300,\"title\":\"College Savings\",\"description\":\"For many of us, a college education is one of the largest expenses we'll ever take on. It's crucial to be strategic in choosing a college, targeting scholarships and grants, and being smart about student loans. And the earlier you start saving, the better.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"College-Savings\",\"url\":\"/browse/College-Savings\"},{\"id\":13304,\"parentId\":13300,\"title\":\"Debt Management\",\"description\":\"Debt management requires an understanding of credit scores, credit cards, loans, and interest. And if you should find yourself in over your head, it pays to know your options—and your rights—regarding collections and bankruptcy.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"Debt-Management\",\"url\":\"/browse/Debt-Management\"},{\"id\":13305,\"parentId\":13300,\"title\":\"Insurance\",\"description\":\"Insurance is one thing we all pay for but hope we never use. Learn about all types of insurance—medical, life, home, auto, and more—how they work, and which types you need.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"Insurance\",\"url\":\"/browse/Insurance\"},{\"id\":13306,\"parentId\":13300,\"title\":\"Money \u0026 Family\",\"description\":\"Your financial journey includes budgeting, saving, and strategic allocation of your available spending dollars. But it's not just about you. Your money decisions require thoughtful interaction with all members of your family.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"Money-Family\",\"url\":\"/browse/Money-Family\"},{\"id\":13307,\"parentId\":13300,\"title\":\"Mortgage \u0026 Home\",\"description\":\"At some point in their lives, most Americans will own some real estate. Home buying and selling, taking out a mortgage or home loan, remodeling, and other home-related decisions require education and planning.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"Mortgage-Home\",\"url\":\"/browse/Mortgage-Home\"},{\"id\":13308,\"parentId\":13300,\"title\":\"Taxes\",\"description\":\"You probably know Ben Franklin's adage about death and taxes, but back in Ben's day, taxes weren't nearly as numerous—nor as complex. Learn about taxes on income, capital gains, property, sales, and more.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdLocalOffer\",\"color\":\"blue\"},\"slug\":\"Household-Taxes\",\"url\":\"/browse/Household-Taxes\"}]},{\"category\":{\"id\":13100,\"parentId\":13000,\"title\":\"Investing\",\"description\":\"Investing is about identifying opportunities for long-term growth of your portfolio. Stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, and alternative investments such as commodities and real estate, are part of a vast market ecosystem.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"investing\",\"url\":\"/browse/investing\"},\"subcategories\":[{\"id\":13110,\"parentId\":13100,\"title\":\"Alternative Investments\",\"description\":\"alts\\\") would be everything else. Learn about commodities, precious metals, derivatives, real estate, art, and collectibles—and the institutional traders and fund managers who invest in them.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"Alternative-Investments\",\"url\":\"/browse/Alternative-Investments\"},{\"id\":13111,\"parentId\":13100,\"title\":\"Bonds \u0026 Fixed Income\",\"description\":\"A diversified investment portfolio typically includes bonds and other fixed-income securities. But like all invements, fixed income has its share of product types, risks, and complexities that are worth exploring and understanding.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"Bonds-Fixed-Income\",\"url\":\"/browse/Bonds-Fixed-Income\"},{\"id\":13113,\"parentId\":13100,\"title\":\"ETFs \u0026 Mutual Funds\",\"description\":\"Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and mutual funds are baskets of stocks, bonds, and other securities. A fund may track an index such as the S\u0026P 500, or it may be tied to a sector, industry, risk profile, or strategy.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"ETFs-Mutual-Funds\",\"url\":\"/browse/ETFs-Mutual-Funds\"},{\"id\":13112,\"parentId\":13100,\"title\":\"Economic Data\",\"description\":\"No exploration of investment opportunies is complete without context of the economic realities of the day. Economic data includes government reports such as GDP, unemployment, inflation, and housing numbers, as well as trends in fiscal and monetary policy.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"Economic-Data\",\"url\":\"/browse/Economic-Data\"},{\"id\":13114,\"parentId\":13100,\"title\":\"Fundamental Analysis\",\"description\":\"Does a specific stock deserve a place in your portfolio? Due diligence starts with fundamental analysis: Earnings and earnings ratios, financial statements, growth and growth potential, and the competitive environment.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"Fundamental-Analysis\",\"url\":\"/browse/Fundamental-Analysis\"},{\"id\":13115,\"parentId\":13100,\"title\":\"Markets \u0026 Regulation\",\"description\":\"Modern financial markets are relatively easy to navigate, but amazingly complex when you dig beneath the surface. Learn how markets work, who the players are, how money and securities change hands, and how the system is regulated.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"Markets-Regulation\",\"url\":\"/browse/Markets-Regulation\"},{\"id\":13116,\"parentId\":13100,\"title\":\"Portfolio Management\",\"description\":\"Your portfolio is the amalgamation of all your assets—stocks, bonds, real estate, the funds in your 401(k), and your cash. A well-managed portfolio will aim for solid long-term returns—adjusted for your risk tolerance and time horizon—and will shift along with your changing objectives.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"Portfolio-Management\",\"url\":\"/browse/Portfolio-Management\"},{\"id\":13117,\"parentId\":13100,\"title\":\"Stocks \u0026 Indexes\",\"description\":\"A stock represents partial ownership of a company, and a stock index tracks a basket of stocks of different companies. Learn the ins and outs of the stock market, the 11 sectors within it, and the various indexes that measure its overall performance.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdShowChart\",\"color\":\"orange\"},\"slug\":\"Stocks-Indexes\",\"url\":\"/browse/Stocks-Indexes\"}]},{\"category\":{\"id\":13400,\"parentId\":13000,\"title\":\"Trading\",\"description\":\"Trading is the short-term buying and selling of stocks, commodities, options, cryptocurrencies, and other securities. Trading has different objectives and strategies than long-term investing. Traders use technical analysis, buy and sell on margin, and look to capture price inefficiencies.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdOutlineToll\",\"color\":\"violet-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Trading\",\"url\":\"/browse/Trading\"},\"subcategories\":[{\"id\":13401,\"parentId\":13400,\"title\":\"Crypto \u0026 Foreign Exchange\",\"description\":\"Active trading in foreign exchange (“forex”) has been around for decades, while cryptocurrencies are relative newcomers. Both track the relative value of currencies or cryptocurrencies: dollars, euro, yen, and pounds as well as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and Dogecoin.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdOutlineToll\",\"color\":\"violet-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Crypto-Foreign-Exchange\",\"url\":\"/browse/Crypto-Foreign-Exchange\"},{\"id\":13402,\"parentId\":13400,\"title\":\"Futures \u0026 Margin Trading\",\"description\":\"Futures contracts allow traders and investors to speculate on the direction of—and hedge underlying positions in—stock indexes, interest rates, commodities, precious metals, and more.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdOutlineToll\",\"color\":\"violet-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Futures-Margin-Trading\",\"url\":\"/browse/Futures-Margin-Trading\"},{\"id\":13403,\"parentId\":13400,\"title\":\"Options Trading\",\"description\":\"Options are derivative contracts that give the buyer the right to buy or sell a security at a specific price. Options can be flexible and capital efficient. But understanding the math behind them, plus the lingo, strategies, and risk parameters, requires some training.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdOutlineToll\",\"color\":\"violet-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Options-Trading\",\"url\":\"/browse/Options-Trading\"},{\"id\":13404,\"parentId\":13400,\"title\":\"Technical Analysis\",\"description\":\"Is there predictive power in price and volume data? Technical analysts watch the charts, look for patterns, and use a blend of art and science to try to optimize the timing and price levels for buy and sell orders.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdOutlineToll\",\"color\":\"violet-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Technical-Analysis\",\"url\":\"/browse/Technical-Analysis\"},{\"id\":13405,\"parentId\":13400,\"title\":\"Trading Strategy\",\"description\":\"Active trading requires some specialized skill—and a special mindset. Learn how to manage capital and trading positions, as well as emotions and biases. \",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdOutlineToll\",\"color\":\"violet-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Trading-Strategy\",\"url\":\"/browse/Trading-Strategy\"}]},{\"category\":{\"id\":13200,\"parentId\":13000,\"title\":\"Retirement\",\"description\":\"We all dream of a comfortable retirement. Learn all about the various retirement savings accounts and how to maximize them. Careful planning of your retirement income, budget, and lifestyle can help make sure you don't outlive your money.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSavings\",\"color\":\"green\"},\"slug\":\"retirement\",\"url\":\"/browse/retirement\"},\"subcategories\":[{\"id\":13201,\"parentId\":13200,\"title\":\"Defined Contribution Plans\",\"description\":\"401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs) are examples of defined contribution plans. You decide how much to contribute, and those savings are invested to compound and (hopefully) capture market earnings. Learn about traditional, Roth, SEP, and SIMPLE plans, as well as 403(b), 457, and solo 401(k) plans.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSavings\",\"color\":\"green\"},\"slug\":\"Defined-Contribution-Plans\",\"url\":\"/browse/Defined-Contribution-Plans\"},{\"id\":13202,\"parentId\":13200,\"title\":\"Estate Planning\",\"description\":\"Estate planning isn't just for the wealthy. Pretty much anyone with assets, families, and even pets should have plans in place—just in case.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSavings\",\"color\":\"green\"},\"slug\":\"Estate-Planning\",\"url\":\"/browse/Estate-Planning\"},{\"id\":13203,\"parentId\":13200,\"title\":\"Pensions \u0026 Annuities\",\"description\":\"An annuity is a series of payments made at fixed, regular intervals. Defined benefit plans (such as government and company pension plans) are one type of annuity. Insurance companies also sell annuity products that are designed to offer predictable income streams in retirement. But fair warning: they're complex.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSavings\",\"color\":\"green\"},\"slug\":\"Pensions-Annuities\",\"url\":\"/browse/Pensions-Annuities\"},{\"id\":13204,\"parentId\":13200,\"title\":\"Retirement Living\",\"description\":\"Throughout your career, you've been looking forward to retirement. But once you're there, you have a brand new set of decisions to make: travel, budgeting, tackling the bucket list, and maybe even taking on a new job or side hustle. Retirement living: It's a new beginning.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSavings\",\"color\":\"green\"},\"slug\":\"Retirement-Living\",\"url\":\"/browse/Retirement-Living\"},{\"id\":13205,\"parentId\":13200,\"title\":\"Retirement Planning\",\"description\":\"Are you expecting a long and comfortable retirement? Plan ahead. Will your savings and income streams support all your dreams for your golden years? And do you have contingency plans in case things change? Learn how to plan and strategize for retirement.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSavings\",\"color\":\"green\"},\"slug\":\"Retirement-Planning\",\"url\":\"/browse/Retirement-Planning\"},{\"id\":13206,\"parentId\":13200,\"title\":\"Social Security \u0026 Medicare\",\"description\":\"Most of us pay into Social Security and Medicare throughout our working lives; in retirement, we receive benefits. But to get the most out of these two government programs—and tailor them to your personal situation—you need to learn how they work.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/21/235621-159-24129B3B/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-retirement.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSavings\",\"color\":\"green\"},\"slug\":\"Social-Security-Medicare\",\"url\":\"/browse/Social-Security-Medicare\"}]},{\"category\":{\"id\":13700,\"parentId\":13000,\"title\":\"Companies\",\"description\":\"The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) places companies into eleven sectors: Communication services, consumer discretionary, consumer staples, energy, financials, health care, industrials, information technology, materials, real estate, and utilities.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Companies\",\"url\":\"/browse/Companies\"},\"subcategories\":[{\"id\":13709,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Communication Services\",\"description\":\"Communication services, added in 2018, includes traditional and social media, web platforms, video game makers, and telecom providers. Companies include AT\u0026T, Netflix, Facebook parent Meta, and Google parent Alphabet.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Communication-Services\",\"url\":\"/browse/Communication-Services\"},{\"id\":13704,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Consumer Discretionary\",\"description\":\"Discretionary companies - autos, travel and entertainment companies, apparel makers, and e-commerce - tend to rise and fall with the consumer economy. Companies include Ford, Nike, Disney, McDonald’s, and Amazon.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Consumer-Discretionary\",\"url\":\"/browse/Consumer-Discretionary\"},{\"id\":13705,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Consumer Staples\",\"description\":\"Staples are everyday products such as toothpaste, detergent, food and beverages, groceries, and beauty supplies. Companies include Costco, Walmart, Coca-Cola, and Procter \u0026 Gamble.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Consumer-Staples\",\"url\":\"/browse/Consumer-Staples\"},{\"id\":13701,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Energy\",\"description\":\"The energy sector, which includes oil and gas producers, pipeline builders, and refineries, tends to follow commodities. Companies include ExxonMobil, Halliburton, Chevron, Occidental, and ConocoPhillips.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Energy\",\"url\":\"/browse/Energy\"},{\"id\":13707,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Financials\",\"description\":\"The financials sector includes insurance, commercial and investment banks, brokers, and credit card and payment providers. Companies include JPMorganChase, PayPal, Allstate, Visa, BlackRock, and Goldman Sachs.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Financials\",\"url\":\"/browse/Financials\"},{\"id\":13706,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Health Care\",\"description\":\"The health care sector includes pharmaceuticals, medical devices, biotechnology, and health insurance companies. Top names include Pfizer, UnitedHealth, Medtronic, and Johnson \u0026 Johnson.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Health-Care\",\"url\":\"/browse/Health-Care\"},{\"id\":13703,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Industrials\",\"description\":\"The industrials sector includes construction, agricultural machinery, airplanes, defense (weapons) contractors, railroads, and delivery companies. Top names include Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Caterpillar, FedEx, 3M, and CSX.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Industrials\",\"url\":\"/browse/Industrials\"},{\"id\":13708,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Information Technology\",\"description\":\"The growth-oriented tech sector makes and services semiconductors, cell phones, computer hardware and software, and services such as cloud computing. Companies include Apple, Microsoft, NVIDIA, and Cisco.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Information-Technology\",\"url\":\"/browse/Information-Technology\"},{\"id\":13702,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Materials\",\"description\":\"The materials sector includes agricultural services, miners, and makers of paper, steel, and chemicals. Typically growth-oriented dividend payers, companies include International Paper, Alcoa, Dow, Freeport-McMoRan, and Newmont.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Materials\",\"url\":\"/browse/Materials\"},{\"id\":13710,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Utilities\",\"description\":\"Known for stability and a history of solid dividends, the utilities sector includes electricity providers, nuclear power companies, and waste haulers. Companies include NextEra, Waste Management, and Duke Energy.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Utilities\",\"url\":\"/browse/Utilities\"}]},{\"category\":{\"id\":13600,\"parentId\":13000,\"title\":\"Biographies\",\"description\":\"Behind all the great ideas, philosophies, inventions, and industries are people who create, cultivate, and lead. Learn about the entrepreneurs, financiers, business executives, and economic thought leaders who shaped the world of money and finance.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdPerson2\",\"color\":\"blue-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Biographies\",\"url\":\"/browse/Biographies\"},\"subcategories\":[{\"id\":13601,\"parentId\":13600,\"title\":\"Bankers \u0026 Financiers\",\"description\":\"Learn about the bankers, financiers, and other facilitators of capital market growth throughout history - those who underwrote the industrial revolution, the building of railroads and automobiles, and today’s technology platforms.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdPerson2\",\"color\":\"blue-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Bankers-Financiers\",\"url\":\"/browse/Bankers-Financiers\"},{\"id\":13602,\"parentId\":13600,\"title\":\"Business Executives\",\"description\":\"Learn about the men \u0026 women who helped - and are helping - shape global corporations, private businesses, sports teams, \u0026 technology start-ups.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdPerson2\",\"color\":\"blue-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Businesspeople-Executives\",\"url\":\"/browse/Businesspeople-Executives\"},{\"id\":13603,\"parentId\":13600,\"title\":\"Economists\",\"description\":\"Learn about the academics, researchers, statisticians, and policymakers who shaped the economy—plus the thought leadership, models, formulas, and philosophies they crafted and implemented.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdPerson2\",\"color\":\"blue-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Economists\",\"url\":\"/browse/Economists\"},{\"id\":13604,\"parentId\":13600,\"title\":\"Entrepreneurs\",\"description\":\"Entrepreneurs bear the economic uncertainties and risks of starting and running new businesses to generate profit and economic value. Learn about these industrialists, number crunchers, and technology innovators.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdPerson2\",\"color\":\"blue-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Entrepreneurs\",\"url\":\"/browse/Entrepreneurs\"}]},{\"category\":{\"id\":13500,\"parentId\":13000,\"title\":\"Finance \u0026 the Economy\",\"description\":\"Explore the full spectrum of finance and economics, from historical frameworks to contemporary topics. This includes business management, marketing, accounting, taxation, governmental policies, and international trade dynamics.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"history-and-theory\",\"url\":\"/browse/history-and-theory\"},\"subcategories\":[{\"id\":13501,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"Accounting \u0026 Taxes\",\"description\":\"Accounting (evaluating and keeping track of the financial affairs of an organization) and taxation (levies on individuals and entities by governments) have plenty of complex terms, procedures, and jargon.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"Accounting-Taxes\",\"url\":\"/browse/Accounting-Taxes\"},{\"id\":13502,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"Business \u0026 Marketing\",\"description\":\"Learn about the different types of companies and business structures, as well as sales, advertising, and other facets of marketing.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"Business-Marketing\",\"url\":\"/browse/Business-Marketing\"},{\"id\":13503,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"Currencies\",\"description\":\"Explore the world of foreign exchange, from precious metals and ancient coins to currencies in circulation today—including cryptocurrency, the newest form of money.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"Currencies\",\"url\":\"/browse/Currencies\"},{\"id\":13504,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"Economic Concepts\",\"description\":\"Economic terms and concepts include microeconomics (supply and demand, consumption and production by individuals) and macroeconomics (the study of aggregate economies and trade).\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"Economic-Concepts\",\"url\":\"/browse/Economic-Concepts\"},{\"id\":13505,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"Economic History\",\"description\":\"Throughout the centuries, economic cycles have gone from recession and depression to bull market bubbles—and back again. Along the way, new economic systems and policies are attempted; some fail, while others stand the test of time.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"Economic-History\",\"url\":\"/browse/Economic-History\"},{\"id\":13506,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"Finance Basics\",\"description\":\"Learn the basic terms and concepts for investing, retirement savings, budgeting, active trading, banking, estate planning, and everything else related to managing your money.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"Finance-Basics\",\"url\":\"/browse/Finance-Basics\"},{\"id\":13507,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"Government \u0026 the Economy\",\"description\":\"Even a free-market, capitalist economy needs government rules, regulations, and policies—and that means bureaus, commissions, central banks, and policymakers to create and enforce the rules.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"Government-Economy\",\"url\":\"/browse/Government-Economy\"},{\"id\":13508,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"International Trade\",\"description\":\"Trading among nations (imports and exports of raw materials and finished goods) is intended to increase output to the benefit of all. But nations sometimes create tariffs and other protectionist barriers to trade.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"International-Trade\",\"url\":\"/browse/International-Trade\"},{\"id\":13509,\"parentId\":13500,\"title\":\"Management \u0026 Work\",\"description\":\"Operating a business means organizing and managing people and processes, wages and other compensation, efficiency, value, and performance metrics.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdSchool\",\"color\":\"orange-light\"},\"slug\":\"Management-Work\",\"url\":\"/browse/Management-Work\"}]}]},\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L10\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"$L11\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"html\",null,{\"lang\":\"en\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"body\",null,{\"className\":\"britannica-money\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"noscript\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"iframe\",null,{\"src\":\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NRMG5CF\",\"height\":\"0\",\"width\":\"0\",\"style\":{\"display\":\"none\",\"visibility\":\"hidden\"}}]}],[\"$\",\"$L12\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"$L13\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"$L8\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\"],\"error\":\"$14\",\"errorStyles\":[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/money/_next/static/css/596dae822753336a.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]],\"errorScripts\":[],\"template\":[\"$\",\"$La\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"ErrorPage_ErrorPage__8JUUd container d-flex\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"grid align-items-center justify-content-center\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"col-100 col-sm-30 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"ErrorPage_ThistleContainer__aNN2T rounded-circle p-20 my-20\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"src\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/money/assets/avatar.png\",\"alt\":\"Britannica Thistle\",\"height\":\"$undefined\",\"width\":200,\"data-testid\":\"IrisImage\",\"className\":\"rounded-circle\"}],\"$undefined\"]}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"col-100 col-sm-50 text-center text-sm-left\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h1\",null,{\"className\":\"text-blue-dark\",\"children\":\"There’s Nothing Here!\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"children\":\"The page you were looking for appears to be down, deleted or does not exist. You can go back to the home page.\"}],[\"$\",\"$L15\",null,{\"href\":\"/\",\"className\":\"btn btn-blue-dark my-20\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"stroke\":\"currentColor\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\",\"strokeWidth\":\"0\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 24 24\",\"className\":\"mr-10\",\"children\":[\"$undefined\",[[\"$\",\"path\",\"0\",{\"fill\":\"none\",\"d\":\"M0 0h24v24H0z\",\"children\":[]}],[\"$\",\"path\",\"1\",{\"d\":\"M20 11H7.83l5.59-5.59L12 4l-8 8 8 8 1.41-1.41L7.83 13H20v-2z\",\"children\":[]}]]],\"style\":{\"color\":\"$undefined\"},\"height\":\"1em\",\"width\":\"1em\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\"}],\"Back to home page\"]}]]}]]}]}],\"notFoundStyles\":[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/money/_next/static/css/596dae822753336a.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"footer\",null,{\"className\":\"Footer_Footer__h6k1G text-align-center pb-100\",\"data-testid\":\"Footer\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"pt-30 pt-md-40 mx-25 mx-md-0\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L15\",null,{\"href\":\"/\",\"className\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"img\",null,{\"loading\":\"lazy\",\"src\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/money/assets/Money-475x60-footer-2x.png?h=47\u0026w=390\",\"alt\":\"Britannica Money Logo\",\"height\":\"$undefined\",\"width\":\"$undefined\",\"data-testid\":\"IrisImage\"}],\"$undefined\"]}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"Footer_SubLinks__z2QDt my-30 font-weight-semi-bold font-weight-semi-bold d-flex flex-row tw-justify-center tw-items-center\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L15\",null,{\"href\":\"/about\",\"className\":\"mx-20\",\"children\":\"About Us\"}],[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"https://corporate.britannica.com/privacy-policy-2\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"className\":\"mx-20\",\"children\":[\"Privacy Policy\",false]}],[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"https://corporate.britannica.com/termsofuse.html\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"className\":\"mx-20\",\"children\":[\"Terms \u0026 Conditions\",false]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"Footer_Copyright__67QaR pb-40 mx-40 mx-md-0\",\"children\":[\"© \",2024,\" Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.\"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"$L16\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"$L17\",null,{\"id\":\"google-tag-manager\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"\\n (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':\\n new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],\\n j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'\u0026l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=\\n 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);\\n })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NRMG5CF');\\n \"}}],[\"$\",\"$L17\",null,{\"id\":\"google-cmp\",\"async\":true,\"src\":\"https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js\"}],[\"$\",\"$L17\",null,{\"id\":\"google-cmp-pixel\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"\\n window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []};\\n googletag.cmd.push(function() {\\n googletag.defineSlot('/15510053/CMP_1x1', [1, 1], 'div-gpt-ad-1709766812090-0').addService(googletag.pubads());\\n googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();\\n googletag.enableServices();\\n });\\n \"}}],[\"$\",\"$L17\",null,{\"id\":\"adobe-target-config\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"\\n //disables body hiding to prevent blank page flicker issue\\n window.targetGlobalSettings = {\\n bodyHidingEnabled: false,\\n };\\n \"}}],[\"$\",\"$L17\",null,{\"id\":\"adobe-target\",\"src\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/money/scripts/at.js\"}]]}]}]]}]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"18:I[7679,[\"51\",\"static/chunks/795d4814-a6432aeb6ef0e798.js\",\"240\",\"static/chunks/53c13509-16ef3624bfd56c4d.js\",\"231\",\"static/chunks/231-16e559214fb4677c.js\",\"378\",\"static/chunks/378-2926d5c25aeda739.js\",\"947\",\"static/chunks/947-a1eaf57cd9db09f7.js\",\"862\",\"static/chunks/862-67f29c0f9c9f070e.js\",\"305\",\"static/chunks/305-99fa799e1486cd2a.js\",\"308\",\"static/chunks/308-bd952550495475fb.js\",\"737\",\"static/chunks/app/(fluid)/%5B...contentPaths%5D/page-46fce4f97a95b76f.js\"],\"default\"]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"c:[[\"$\",\"meta\",\"0\",{\"name\":\"viewport\",\"content\":\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"1\",{\"charSet\":\"utf-8\"}],[\"$\",\"title\",\"2\",{\"children\":\"General Electric (GE) | History, Acquisitions, Products, \u0026 Facts | Britannica Money\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"3\",{\"name\":\"description\",\"content\":\"General Electric is a major American corporation and one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world. Its products include electrical and electronic equipment, aircraft engines, and financial services.\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"4\",{\"rel\":\"canonical\",\"href\":\"https://www.britannica.com/money/General-Electric\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"5\",{\"property\":\"og:title\",\"content\":\"Britannica Money\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"6\",{\"property\":\"og:description\",\"content\":\"General Electric is a major American corporation and one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world. Its products include electrical and electronic equipment, aircraft engines, and financial services.\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"7\",{\"property\":\"og:image:type\",\"content\":\"image/png\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"8\",{\"property\":\"og:image:width\",\"content\":\"595\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"9\",{\"property\":\"og:image:height\",\"content\":\"596\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"10\",{\"property\":\"og:image:alt\",\"content\":\"Britannica thistle\\n\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"11\",{\"property\":\"og:image\",\"content\":\"https://www.britannica.com/money/money/opengraph-image.png?0ca1ca22e32fe0d6\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"12\",{\"name\":\"twitter:card\",\"content\":\"summary_large_image\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"13\",{\"name\":\"twitter:title\",\"content\":\"Britannica Money\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"14\",{\"name\":\"twitter:description\",\"content\":\"General Electric is a major American corporation and one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world. Its products include electrical and electronic equipment, aircraft engines, and financial services.\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"15\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:type\",\"content\":\"image/png\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"16\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:width\",\"content\":\"595\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"17\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:height\",\"content\":\"596\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"18\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:alt\",\"content\":\"Britannica thistle\\n\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"19\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image\",\"content\":\"https://www.britannica.com/money/money/opengraph-image.png?0ca1ca22e32fe0d6\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"20\",{\"rel\":\"icon\",\"href\":\"/money/favicon.ico\",\"type\":\"image/x-icon\",\"sizes\":\"48x48\"}]]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"6:null\n19:T33ba,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cspan id=\"ref228424-1\" data-level=\"1\" /\u003e\u003cp\u003eGeneral Electric Company (GE) is a multinational \u003ca href=\"/money/conglomerate-business\"\u003econglomerate\u003c/a\u003e headquartered in Boston, \u003ca href=\"/place/Massachusetts\"\u003eMassachusetts\u003c/a\u003e, that was incorporated in 1892 following a series of mergers between various companies owned and operated by \u003cspan id=\"ref47317\" /\u003e\u003ca href=\"/biography/Thomas-Edison\"\u003eThomas Alva Edison\u003c/a\u003e and the Thomson-Houston Electric Company.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-1]--\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor well over a century, General Electric was one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world, spanning a wide range of sectors and industries. A series of financial setbacks in the 2010s forced the company to sell off major portions of its holdings, including its flagship media, financial services, and consumer products arms.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-2]--\u003e\u003cp\u003eAfter transitioning from its conglomerate-centric model, General Electric now focuses on three main business components: energy solutions, jet engines, and health care technologies. This strategic pivot reinforces its status as an emblem of perpetual innovation and reinvention.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-3]--\u003e\u003cspan id=\"ref359173\" data-level=\"1\" /\u003e\u003ch2 class=\"h2\"\u003ePortfolio and products\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eGeneral Electric’s innovations span a wide array of technological and industrial fields, including:\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-4]--\u003e\u003cul data-listtype=\"UL\"\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHydroelectric power.\u003c/strong\u003e GE’s products include digital hydro plants, large hydro turbines, large hydro generators, hydro control systems, and hydro mechanical equipment.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGas power.\u003c/strong\u003e GE’s solutions for gas power encompass gas and steam turbines, generators, condensers, and a range of plant equipment. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnergy grids.\u003c/strong\u003e The company’s solutions include a variety of grid equipment and services. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWind power.\u003c/strong\u003e GE offers a range of products and services that encompass onshore and offshore wind turbines as well as related equipment and services. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAviation.\u003c/strong\u003e Products include turboprop engines, jet engines, and systems for commercial, business, and military aviation. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndustrial Internet.\u003c/strong\u003e GE’s industrial Internet initiative focuses on solutions for the Industrial \u003ca href=\"/science/Internet-of-Things\"\u003eInternet of Things\u003c/a\u003e (IoT)—essentially, machine-to-machine communications on an industrial scale for the purposes of monitoring, collecting, exchanging, and analyzing data with the aim of optimizing decision speed, accuracy, and overall efficiency. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHealth care technologies.\u003c/strong\u003e For more than a century, GE has been at the forefront of medical technology R\u0026amp;D and \u003ca href=\"/technology/manufacturing\"\u003emanufacturing\u003c/a\u003e, contributing to advancements in X-ray machines, CT scans, and MRIs. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaterials science.\u003c/strong\u003e GE’s materials initiatives include R\u0026amp;D for \u003ca href=\"/technology/materials-science\"\u003ematerials science\u003c/a\u003e, chemistry, physics, and various \u003ca href=\"/technology/engineering\"\u003eengineering\u003c/a\u003e fields. The goal is to develop material and process solutions for industrial applications and government programs. These initiatives include materials development, processing, testing, system design, and modeling.\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eGE’s portfolio of products and services underscores its extensive range of R\u0026amp;D initiatives and legacy operations. GE also engages in financial services, providing financial investment in energy infrastructure projects across the globe.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-5]--\u003e\u003cspan id=\"ref359174\" data-level=\"1\" /\u003e\u003ch2 class=\"h2\"\u003e1892–1980: The rise of GE as an American conglomerate\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eGeneral Electric was incorporated in 1892, acquiring all the assets of the Edison General Electric Company and two other electrical companies. Edison General had been founded as the Edison Electric Light Company in 1878 by \u003ca href=\"/biography/Thomas-Edison\"\u003eThomas Edison\u003c/a\u003e to market his \u003ca href=\"/technology/incandescent-lamp\"\u003eincandescent lamp\u003c/a\u003e and other later products. Edison remained associated with General Electric through his patents and consulting duties.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-6]--\u003e\u003cp\u003eGE would go on to produce one of the largest lines of electrical industrial and consumer goods in the world, later establishing (in 1900) an industrial research laboratory, where many of its later products were developed by in-house scientists. The historical time line of GE’s notable innovations, beginning with Edison’s work prior to the company’s official establishment, and following GE’s incorporation in 1892, includes:\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-7]--\u003e\u003cul data-listtype=\"UL\"\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eThe incandescent \u003ca href=\"/technology/lightbulb\"\u003elight bulb\u003c/a\u003e (1879) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eThe nation’s first commercial power station (1882) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eThe giant electric \u003ca href=\"/technology/locomotive-vehicle\"\u003elocomotive\u003c/a\u003e (1893) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eThe X-ray machine (1896) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eVoice radio broadcasts \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eElectric home appliances (1910) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eVacuum tubes (1912) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eFirst home television (1927) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003ePlastic and silicone innovations (1930s–1940s) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eCommercial jet engines (1941) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eNuclear power (1957) \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eLaser lights (1962)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eMedical devices (1976)\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eThrough the late 19th century to the 20th century, GE became a global powerhouse known for pioneering and innovative technological advancements and reshaping industries.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-8]--\u003e\u003cspan id=\"ref359622\" data-level=\"1\" /\u003e\u003ch2 class=\"h2\"\u003e1981–2001: The Jack Welch years\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eJack Welch began working at GE as a junior chemical engineer in 1960. Rising through the company’s ranks and across several of GE’s divisions over the next two decades, Welch became the company’s youngest chair and \u003ca href=\"/money/chief-executive-officer\"\u003eCEO\u003c/a\u003e in 1981.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-9]--\u003e\u003cp\u003eJack Welch’s tenure at GE would solidify his position as one of the most distinguished CEOs in American business history. Welch aggressively restructured the company’s business divisions, established a culture of fierce competition and performance expectations, expanded GE’s diversification-through-acquisition strategy, and shifted greater focus toward shareholder value. Under Welch, GE Capital, the company’s financial services division, became a major \u003ca href=\"/money/profit\"\u003eprofit\u003c/a\u003e generator. This made Welch one of the most remarkable CEOs of his time, increasing GE’s value from $14 billion in 1981 to $600 billion (outpacing the S\u0026amp;P 500) within two decades.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-10]--\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, under Welch’s leadership, GE purchased the \u003ca href=\"/money/RCA-Corporation\"\u003eRCA Corporation\u003c/a\u003e (which it had helped to found in 1919), including the RCA-owned television network the \u003ca href=\"/money/National-Broadcasting-Co-Inc\"\u003eNational Broadcasting Company\u003c/a\u003e (NBC), Inc. In 1987, GE sold RCA’s consumer \u003ca href=\"/technology/electronics\"\u003eelectronics\u003c/a\u003e division to \u003ca href=\"/money/Technicolor-SA\"\u003eThomson SA\u003c/a\u003e, a state-owned French firm, and purchased Thomson’s medical technology division. In 1989 GE agreed to combine its European business interests in appliances, medical systems, electrical distribution, and power systems with the formerly unrelated British corporation General Electric Company.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-11]--\u003e\u003cspan id=\"ref359623\" data-level=\"1\" /\u003e\u003ch2 class=\"h2\"\u003e2001–2019: General Electric’s height and fall from grace\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlthough GE’s consumer products are most visible to the general public, they accounted for a minority of the company’s annual sales. A substantial portion went to the \u003ca href=\"/topic/US-Department-of-Defense\"\u003eU.S. Department of Defense\u003c/a\u003e. As of the early 21st century, GE’s business lines consisted of:\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-12]--\u003e\u003cul data-listtype=\"UL\"\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFinance.\u003c/strong\u003e GE Capital traces its roots to the 1930s, where it existed to facilitate the sale of GE consumer products. At its height in 2008, the commercial and consumer \u003ca href=\"/money/finance\"\u003efinance\u003c/a\u003e arm was the seventh largest bank \u003ca href=\"/money/holding-company\"\u003eholding company\u003c/a\u003e in the U.S. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInfrastructure.\u003c/strong\u003e The division included diesel locomotives, jet engines, \u003ca href=\"/technology/wastewater-treatment\"\u003ewater treatment\u003c/a\u003e systems, and \u003ca href=\"/science/energy\"\u003eenergy delivery\u003c/a\u003e systems such as power grids. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsumer and industrial technologies.\u003c/strong\u003e Appliances and \u003ca href=\"/technology/lighting\"\u003elighting\u003c/a\u003e products—the products that made GE a household name in the 20th century—were housed in this unit. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHealth care.\u003c/strong\u003e The chief focus was medical diagnostic and imaging products. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMedia and entertainment.\u003c/strong\u003e In 2004, GE purchased a majority stake in Vivendi Universal to create its flagship \u003ca href=\"/money/NBCUniversal\"\u003eNBCUniversal\u003c/a\u003e division. \u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the years leading up to the \u003ca href=\"/money/financial-crisis-of-2007-2008\"\u003e2008 financial crisis\u003c/a\u003e, and following Welch’s departure, GE’s CEO Jeff Immelt leveraged GE Capital funds toward the acquisition of commercial real estate (among other acquisitions that have since been viewed in a critical light). GE also acquired WMC Mortgage, a \u003ca href=\"/money/subprime-lending\"\u003esubprime\u003c/a\u003e lender. Essentially, GE’s massive real estate sector holdings were purchased near or at the top of the market.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-13]--\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe financial crisis that erupted in 2008, triggered by overleveraged investments in the U.S. real estate industry combined with risky subprime loans, plunged the value of GE Capital’s investments and holdings and, ultimately, GE’s share price, which fell more than 80% from late 2007 to early 2009.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-14]--\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs the crisis ebbed, GE began the arduous task of restructuring in order to concentrate on areas of potential growth:\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-15]--\u003e\u003cul data-listtype=\"UL\"\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eIn 2011, GE sold a majority stake in NBCUniversal to \u003ca href=\"/money/Comcast\"\u003eComcast\u003c/a\u003e, which acquired the remaining shares two years later. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eBetween 2015 and 2017, the company sold off pieces of GE Capital until nothing remained except its energy finance division. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eIn 2016 GE moved its headquarters from \u003ca href=\"/place/Fairfield-Connecticut\"\u003eFairfield\u003c/a\u003e, Connecticut, to Boston. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eAlso in 2016, GE sold its flagship appliances division to Chinese manufacturer Haier. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eIn 2017, GE veteran John Flannery replaced Immelt as CEO. Net losses continued to pile up for GE. Flannery’s tenure would last only one year, when he would be replaced by H. Lawrence (“Larry”) Culp. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003eIn 2017 and again in 2018, GE slashed its storied \u003ca href=\"/money/dividend-finance\"\u003edividend\u003c/a\u003e—which had been running strong for 119 years—down to one penny. Also in 2018, GE—the last remaining stock from the “original” \u003ca href=\"/money/Dow-Jones-average\"\u003eDow Jones Industrial Average\u003c/a\u003e—was removed from the \u003ca href=\"/money/stock-market-index\"\u003eindex\u003c/a\u003e, replaced by Walgreens Boots Alliance (WBA).\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cspan id=\"ref359175\" data-level=\"1\" /\u003e\u003ch2 class=\"h2\"\u003e2020s: From conglomerate to technology company\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eBy 2020, GE’s vision would shift away from the conglomerate model and toward what would eventually become its three primary business components: energy solutions, jet engines, and health care technologies. In 2021, GE announced plans to divide its operations into three separate entities.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-16]--\u003e\u003cul data-listtype=\"UL\"\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGE HeathCare.\u003c/strong\u003e The spin-off of GE’s health technologies division was completed in January 2023; the new company began trading on the \u003ca href=\"/money/NASDAQ\"\u003eNasdaq\u003c/a\u003e under the ticker \u003cstrong\u003eGEHC\u003c/strong\u003e. GE kept roughly 20% of the \u003ca href=\"/money/stock-finance#ref6916\"\u003ecommon stock shares\u003c/a\u003e of GE HealthCare. \u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGE Vernova.\u003c/strong\u003e The spin-off of Vernova—a merging of GE Renewable Energy, GE Power, and GE Digital—was completed in April 2024 and began trading under the ticker symbol \u003cstrong\u003eGEV\u003c/strong\u003e. GE shareholders received one share of GE Vernova for every four shares they held at the time of the split. Because of its \u003ca href=\"/money/understanding-market-capitalization\"\u003emarket capitalization\u003c/a\u003e, GE Vernova joined the \u003ca href=\"/money/SandP-500\"\u003eS\u0026amp;P 500\u003c/a\u003e at launch.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli data-itemtype=\"LI\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGE Aerospace.\u003c/strong\u003e The aerospace division remained with the parent company and continues to trade under the ticker symbol \u003cstrong\u003eGE\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese spin-offs represent a full-circle return to General Electric’s roots: Using technological innovation to solve some of the world’s largest problems.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--[P-17]--\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"7:[\"$\",\"$L18\",null,{\"initialArticle\":{\"contentInfo\":{\"contentId\":\"1-228424-1\",\"browserTitle\":\"General Electric (GE) | History, Acquisitions, Products, \u0026 Facts\",\"metaDescription\":\"General Electric is a major American corporation and one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world. Its products include electrical and electronic equipment, aircraft engines, and financial services.\",\"description\":\"General Electric Company (GE) is a multinational conglomerate headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, that was incorporated in 1892 following a series of mergers between various companies owned and operated by Thomas Alva Edison and the Thomson-Houston Electric Company. For well over a century,\",\"lastUpdated\":{\"formattedLongDate\":\"November 19, 2024\",\"formattedDateTime\":\"Nov. 19, 2024, 7:00 AM ET\",\"ms\":1732017600000,\"formattedShortDate\":\"Nov. 19, 2024\",\"utcms\":1732017600000,\"formattedUTCDateTime\":\"Nov. 19, 2024, 12:00 PM UTC\"},\"url\":\"/money/General-Electric\",\"alternateTitles\":\"GE, General Electric Company\",\"image\":null,\"title\":\"General Electric\",\"titleText\":\"General Electric\",\"identifier\":\"American corporation\",\"subTitle\":null,\"type\":\"OTHER\",\"slug\":\"General-Electric\",\"authors\":[{\"id\":12874516,\"title\":\"Karl Montevirgen\",\"url\":\"/author/karl-montevirgen/12874516\",\"description\":\"\u003cspan style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"\u003eKarl Montevirgen is a professional freelance writer who specializes in the fields of finance, cryptomarkets, content strategy, and the arts. Karl works with several organizations in the equities, futures, physical metals, and blockchain industries. He holds FINRA Series 3 and Series 34 licenses in addition to a dual MFA in critical studies/writing and music composition from the California Institute of the Arts.\u003c/span\u003e\",\"noFollow\":false,\"newTab\":false}],\"factCheckers\":[{\"id\":4419,\"title\":\"The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica\",\"url\":\"/author/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica/4419\",\"description\":\"Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.\",\"noFollow\":false,\"newTab\":false}],\"category\":{\"id\":13703,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Industrials\",\"description\":\"The industrials sector includes construction, agricultural machinery, airplanes, defense (weapons) contractors, railroads, and delivery companies. Top names include Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Caterpillar, FedEx, 3M, and CSX.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Industrials\",\"url\":\"/browse/Industrials\"},\"keywords\":\"General Electric, encyclopedia, encyclopeadia, britannica, article\",\"breadcrumb\":[{\"id\":13000,\"parentId\":null,\"title\":\"Money\",\"description\":null,\"imageUrl\":null,\"categoryIcon\":null,\"slug\":\"Money\",\"url\":\"/browse/Money\"},{\"id\":13700,\"parentId\":13000,\"title\":\"Companies\",\"description\":\"The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) places companies into eleven sectors: Communication services, consumer discretionary, consumer staples, energy, financials, health care, industrials, information technology, materials, real estate, and utilities.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Companies\",\"url\":\"/browse/Companies\"},{\"id\":13703,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Industrials\",\"description\":\"The industrials sector includes construction, agricultural machinery, airplanes, defense (weapons) contractors, railroads, and delivery companies. Top names include Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Caterpillar, FedEx, 3M, and CSX.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Industrials\",\"url\":\"/browse/Industrials\"}],\"recentContent\":true},\"pageInfo\":{\"pageNumber\":1,\"title\":\"General Electric\",\"url\":\"/money/General-Electric\",\"browserTitle\":\"General Electric (GE) | History, Acquisitions, Products, \u0026 Facts\",\"metaDescription\":\"General Electric is a major American corporation and one of the largest and most diversified corporations in the world. Its products include electrical and electronic equipment, aircraft engines, and financial services.\"},\"pageComponents\":[{\"type\":\"QUICK_FACTS_MODULE\",\"position\":0,\"content\":{\"images\":null,\"anthems\":[],\"facts\":[[{\"title\":\"in full:\",\"contents\":[\"General Electric Company\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Date:\",\"contents\":[\"1892 - present\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Ticker:\",\"contents\":[\"GE\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Share price:\",\"contents\":[\"$$181.15 (mkt close, Nov. 22, 2024)\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Market cap:\",\"contents\":[\"$$196.06 bil.\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Annual revenue:\",\"contents\":[\"$$69.95 bil.\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Earnings per share (prev. year):\",\"contents\":[\"$$5.07\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Sector:\",\"contents\":[\"Industrials\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Industry:\",\"contents\":[\"Industrial Conglomerates\"]}],[{\"title\":\"CEO:\",\"contents\":[\"Mr. H. Lawrence Culp Jr.\"]}],[{\"title\":\"Headquarters:\",\"contents\":[\"\u003ca href=\\\"/place/Fairfield-Connecticut\\\"\u003eFairfield\u003c/a\u003e\"]}]]}},{\"type\":\"RECENT_NEWS_MODULE\",\"position\":0,\"content\":[{\"newsId\":\"3850702\",\"date\":{\"formattedLongDate\":\"November 08, 2024\",\"formattedDateTime\":\"Nov. 8, 2024, 9:08 PM ET\",\"ms\":1731118119000,\"formattedShortDate\":\"Nov. 08, 2024\",\"utcms\":1731118119000,\"formattedUTCDateTime\":\"Nov. 9, 2024, 2:08 AM UTC\"},\"headline\":\"Timing of next GE not decided yet, but ‘as each day passes, I am more ready’: PM Wong\",\"summary\":\"SINGAPORE – Prime Minister Lawrence Wong said he has not yet decided when the next general election will be held and the Electoral Boundaries Review Committee (EBRC) has not been formed. “When the election is to be held... I have not decided, and when we start the process, people will know,” PM Wong said in a wide-ranging press conference with Singapore media on Nov 8.\",\"newsUrl\":\"https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/timing-of-next-ge-not-decided-yet-but-as-each-day-passes-i-am-more-ready-pm-wong\",\"source\":\"Straits Times\"}]},{\"type\":\"HTML\",\"content\":\"$19\"},{\"type\":\"SIGNATURE\",\"editor\":false,\"link\":{\"title\":\"Karl Montevirgen\",\"url\":\"/author/karl-montevirgen/12874516\"}}],\"tocItems\":[{\"title\":\"Introduction\",\"url\":\"/money/General-Electric\",\"tocId\":\"228424-1\",\"level\":1,\"subSection\":[]},{\"title\":\"Portfolio and products\",\"url\":\"/money/General-Electric#ref359173\",\"tocId\":\"359173\",\"level\":1,\"subSection\":[]},{\"title\":\"1892–1980: The rise of GE as an American conglomerate\",\"url\":\"/money/General-Electric#ref359174\",\"tocId\":\"359174\",\"level\":1,\"subSection\":[]},{\"title\":\"1981–2001: The Jack Welch years\",\"url\":\"/money/General-Electric#ref359622\",\"tocId\":\"359622\",\"level\":1,\"subSection\":[]},{\"title\":\"2001–2019: General Electric’s height and fall from grace\",\"url\":\"/money/General-Electric#ref359623\",\"tocId\":\"359623\",\"level\":1,\"subSection\":[]},{\"title\":\"2020s: From conglomerate to technology company\",\"url\":\"/money/General-Electric#ref359175\",\"tocId\":\"359175\",\"level\":1,\"subSection\":[]}],\"iguideLinks\":{\"EXTERNAL\":[{\"title\":\"Official Site of General Electric\",\"url\":\"https://www.ge.com\",\"noFollow\":false,\"newTab\":true,\"type\":\"EXTERNAL\",\"date\":{\"formattedLongDate\":\"January 16, 2018\",\"formattedDateTime\":\"Jan. 16, 2018, 10:44 PM ET\",\"ms\":1516160689000,\"formattedShortDate\":\"Jan. 16, 2018\",\"utcms\":1516160689000,\"formattedUTCDateTime\":\"Jan. 17, 2018, 3:44 AM UTC\"}},{\"title\":\"CompaniesHistory.com - General Electric\",\"url\":\"https://www.companieshistory.com/general-electric/\",\"noFollow\":false,\"newTab\":true,\"type\":\"EXTERNAL\",\"date\":{\"formattedLongDate\":\"November 28, 2022\",\"formattedDateTime\":\"Nov. 28, 2022, 7:20 AM ET\",\"ms\":1669638038000,\"formattedShortDate\":\"Nov. 28, 2022\",\"utcms\":1669638038000,\"formattedUTCDateTime\":\"Nov. 28, 2022, 12:20 PM UTC\"}}]},\"pageIds\":null,\"contentIds\":[\"1-389212-1\",\"1-2064517-1\",\"1-2251055-1\",\"1-2234968-1\",\"1-543280-1\",\"1-71254-1\",\"1-10916-1\",\"1-354177-1\",\"1-2234931-1\",\"1-2249007-1\"],\"relatedContents\":[{\"title\":\"J.P. Morgan\",\"url\":\"/money/J-P-Morgan\",\"description\":\"J.P. Morgan was an American financier and industrial organizer, one of the world’s foremost financial figures during the two pre-World War I decades. He reorganized several major railroads and financed industrial consolidations that formed the United States Steel, International Harvester, and\",\"image\":{\"type\":\"IMAGE\",\"description\":\"PHOTO\",\"id\":null,\"title\":null,\"caption\":null,\"credit\":\"Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.\",\"url\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/61/25261-050-9ED938CF/John-Pierpont-Morgan-1902.jpg\",\"width\":null,\"height\":null,\"altText\":\"J.P. Morgan\"},\"contentId\":\"1-392225-1\",\"subTitle\":\"American financier\",\"category\":{\"id\":13601,\"parentId\":13600,\"title\":\"Bankers \u0026 Financiers\",\"description\":\"Learn about the bankers, financiers, and other facilitators of capital market growth throughout history - those who underwrote the industrial revolution, the building of railroads and automobiles, and today’s technology platforms.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdPerson2\",\"color\":\"blue-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Bankers-Financiers\",\"url\":\"/browse/Bankers-Financiers\"}},{\"title\":\"Rolls-Royce PLC\",\"url\":\"/money/Rolls-Royce-PLC\",\"description\":\"Rolls-Royce PLC, major British manufacturer of aircraft engines, marine propulsion systems, and power-generation systems. Noted for much of the 20th century as a maker of luxury automobiles, the company was separated from its car-making operations and nationalized following bankruptcy in 1971. It\",\"image\":{\"type\":\"IMAGE\",\"description\":\"PHOTO\",\"id\":null,\"title\":null,\"caption\":null,\"credit\":\"JAW\",\"url\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/78/141278-050-2FA53E60/engine-Rolls-Royce-Merlin-World-War-II-Perth.jpg\",\"width\":null,\"height\":null,\"altText\":\"Rolls-Royce Merlin engine\"},\"contentId\":\"1-507200-1\",\"subTitle\":\"British firm\",\"category\":{\"id\":13703,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Industrials\",\"description\":\"The industrials sector includes construction, agricultural machinery, airplanes, defense (weapons) contractors, railroads, and delivery companies. Top names include Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Caterpillar, FedEx, 3M, and CSX.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Industrials\",\"url\":\"/browse/Industrials\"}},{\"title\":\"Philips\",\"url\":\"/money/Philips\",\"description\":\"Royal Philips (formerly Philips Electronics) is a major Dutch manufacturer of consumer electronics, electronic components, medical imaging equipment, household appliances, lighting equipment, and computer and telecommunications equipment. PHG Philips \u0026 Company was founded in 1891 by Frederik\",\"image\":{\"type\":\"IMAGE\",\"description\":\"PHOTO\",\"id\":null,\"title\":null,\"caption\":null,\"credit\":\"© Sem van der Wal/ANP—AFP/Getty Images\",\"url\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/53/262453-050-3136A2E3/Philips-company-headquarters-Amsterdam-Netherlands.jpg\",\"width\":null,\"height\":null,\"altText\":\"Logo of Philips on the company headquarters building in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Photographed in 2022.\"},\"contentId\":\"1-456530-1\",\"subTitle\":\"Dutch manufacturer\",\"category\":{\"id\":13706,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Health Care\",\"description\":\"The health care sector includes pharmaceuticals, medical devices, biotechnology, and health insurance companies. Top names include Pfizer, UnitedHealth, Medtronic, and Johnson \u0026 Johnson.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Health-Care\",\"url\":\"/browse/Health-Care\"}},{\"title\":\"United Technologies Corporation\",\"url\":\"/money/United-Technologies-Corporation\",\"description\":\"United Technologies Corporation (UTC), American multi-industry company with significant business concentrations in aerospace products and services, including jet engines. Formed in 1934 as United Aircraft Corporation, it adopted its present name in 1975. Headquarters are in Hartford, Connecticut.\",\"image\":{\"type\":\"IMAGE\",\"description\":\"PHOTO\",\"id\":null,\"title\":null,\"caption\":null,\"credit\":\"Los Angeles Times Photographic Archive— Department of Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library/UCLA Library Digital Collections (CC BY 4.0)\",\"url\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/12/27112-050-4E9FA8D7/William-E-Boeing-hearing-Air-Mail-Act-1934.jpg\",\"width\":null,\"height\":null,\"altText\":\"William E. Boeing, 1929\"},\"contentId\":\"1-617941-1\",\"subTitle\":\"American corporation\",\"category\":{\"id\":13703,\"parentId\":13700,\"title\":\"Industrials\",\"description\":\"The industrials sector includes construction, agricultural machinery, airplanes, defense (weapons) contractors, railroads, and delivery companies. Top names include Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Caterpillar, FedEx, 3M, and CSX.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/20/235620-159-F34405A1/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-investment.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdBarChart\",\"color\":\"red\"},\"slug\":\"Industrials\",\"url\":\"/browse/Industrials\"}},{\"title\":\"Gerard Swope\",\"url\":\"/money/Gerard-Swope\",\"description\":\"Gerard Swope was the president of the General Electric Company (1922–39; 1942–44) in the United States. He greatly expanded the company’s line of consumer products and pioneered profit-sharing and other benefits programs for its employees. Fascinated by electricity early in life, Swope graduated\",\"image\":{\"type\":\"IMAGE\",\"description\":\"PHOTO\",\"id\":null,\"title\":null,\"caption\":null,\"credit\":\"Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.\",\"url\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/64/99364-050-38DCFB14/Gerard-Swope.jpg\",\"width\":null,\"height\":null,\"altText\":\"Gerard Swope\"},\"contentId\":\"1-577380-1\",\"subTitle\":\"American executive\",\"category\":{\"id\":13602,\"parentId\":13600,\"title\":\"Business Executives\",\"description\":\"Learn about the men \u0026 women who helped - and are helping - shape global corporations, private businesses, sports teams, \u0026 technology start-ups.\",\"imageUrl\":\"https://cdn.britannica.com/22/235622-159-A518C19F/britannica-money-default-subject-logo-home-finance.jpg\",\"categoryIcon\":{\"name\":\"MdPerson2\",\"color\":\"blue-strong\"},\"slug\":\"Businesspeople-Executives\",\"url\":\"/browse/Businesspeople-Executives\"}}]}}]\n"])</script></body></html>