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<li id="toc-12th–15th_centuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#12th–15th_centuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>12th–15th centuries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-12th–15th_centuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-16th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#16th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>16th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-16th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-17th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#17th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>17th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-17th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>18th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century_to_the_present_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century_to_the_present_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>20th century to the present day</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century_to_the_present_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Interior</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Interior-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Interior subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Interior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-State_Apartments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Apartments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>State Apartments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Apartments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Great_Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Great_Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>The Great Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Great_Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-James_V's_Tower" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#James_V's_Tower"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>James V's Tower</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-James_V's_Tower-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gardens_and_grounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gardens_and_grounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gardens and grounds</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gardens_and_grounds-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gardens and grounds subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gardens_and_grounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-"Big_Royal_Dig"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Big_Royal_Dig""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>"Big Royal Dig"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Big_Royal_Dig"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Holyrood Palace</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood-paleis" title="Holyrood-paleis – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Holyrood-paleis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="قصر هوليرود – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قصر هوليرود" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood_House" title="Holyrood House – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Holyrood House" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood_(z%C3%A1mek)" title="Holyrood (zámek) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Holyrood (zámek)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palas_Holyrood" title="Palas Holyrood – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Palas Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Holyrood Palace" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Holyrood Palace" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyroodi_palee" title="Holyroodi palee – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Holyroodi palee" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palacio_de_Holyrood" title="Palacio de Holyrood – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Palacio de Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaco_Holyrood" title="Palaco Holyrood – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Palaco Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood_jauregia" title="Holyrood jauregia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Holyrood jauregia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="کاخ هولی‌رود – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاخ هولی‌رود" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais_de_Holyrood" title="Palais de Holyrood – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Palais de Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleis_Holyroodhouse" title="Paleis Holyroodhouse – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Paleis Holyroodhouse" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palacio_de_Holyrood" title="Palacio de Holyrood – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Palacio de Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%80%EB%A6%AC%EB%A3%A8%EB%93%9C_%EA%B6%81%EC%A0%84" title="홀리루드 궁전 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="홀리루드 궁전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6" title="Հոլիռուդհաուզ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հոլիռուդհաուզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2" title="होलीरूड महल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="होलीरूड महल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istana_Holyrood" title="Istana Holyrood – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Istana Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_di_Holyrood" title="Palazzo di Holyrood – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Palazzo di Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%93" title="ארמון הולירוד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארמון הולירוד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94" title="ჰოლირუდის სასახლე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰოლირუდის სასახლე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B" title="Холируд сарайы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Холируд сарайы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyroodhouse-palota" title="Holyroodhouse-palota – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Holyroodhouse-palota" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istana_Holyrood" title="Istana Holyrood – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Istana Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Holyroodhouse" title="Palace of Holyroodhouse – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Palace of Holyroodhouse" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E5%AE%AE%E6%AE%BF" title="ホリールード宮殿 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホリールード宮殿" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Holyrood Palace" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%82ac_Holyrood" title="Pałac Holyrood – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pałac Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal%C3%A1cio_de_Holyrood" title="Palácio de Holyrood – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Palácio de Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatul_Holyrood" title="Palatul Holyrood – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Palatul Holyrood" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Холирудский дворец – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Холирудский дворец" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Holyrood Palace" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pala%C4%8Da_Holyroodhouse" title="Palača Holyroodhouse – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Palača Holyroodhouse" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Holyrood Palace" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holyroodin_palatsi" title="Holyroodin palatsi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Holyroodin palatsi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Holyroodhouse" title="Palace of Holyroodhouse – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Palace of Holyroodhouse" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Holyrood_Palace&params=55_57_09_N_3_10_21_W_region:GB-EDH_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">55°57′09″N</span> <span class="longitude">3°10′21″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">55.95250°N 3.17250°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.95250; -3.17250</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Residence of the British monarch in Scotland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Scottish Parliament, see <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament_Building" title="Scottish Parliament Building">Scottish Parliament Building</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Holyrood Palace</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyroodhouse,_front_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Holyroodhouse%2C_front_view.jpg/300px-Holyroodhouse%2C_front_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Holyroodhouse%2C_front_view.jpg/450px-Holyroodhouse%2C_front_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Holyroodhouse%2C_front_view.jpg/600px-Holyroodhouse%2C_front_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="757" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="text-align: center">Holyrood Palace viewed from the forecourt</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Holyrood Palace is located in Edinburgh"><img alt="Holyrood Palace is located in Edinburgh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png/240px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png/360px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png/480px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="699" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.45%;left:62.762%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Holyrood Palace"><img alt="Holyrood Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Edinburgh, Scotland</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Edinburgh</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Holyrood Palace is located in the United Kingdom"><img alt="Holyrood Palace is located in the United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg/240px-United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg/360px-United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg/480px-United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="886" data-file-height="1369" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:42.062%;left:59.299%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Holyrood Palace"><img alt="Holyrood Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Holyrood Palace (the United Kingdom)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United Kingdom</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed;color:#000;">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">Official residence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Classical_architecture" title="Classical architecture">Classical</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Mile" title="Royal Mile">Royal Mile</a>, Edinburgh, Scotland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Holyrood_Palace&params=55_57_09_N_3_10_21_W_region:GB-EDH_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">55°57′09″N</span> <span class="longitude">3°10′21″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">55.95250°N 3.17250°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.95250; -3.17250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction started</th><td class="infobox-data">1671 (north-west tower, 1528)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data">1678 (north-west tower, 1536)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data">King <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> in right of <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">the Crown</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Palace of Holyroodhouse</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></span>/</a></span></span> or <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></span>/</a></span></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-Collins3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Collins3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> commonly known as <b>Holyrood Palace</b>, is the <a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">official residence</a> of the <a href="/wiki/British_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="British monarch">British monarch</a> in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. Located at the bottom of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Mile" title="Royal Mile">Royal Mile</a> in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, at the opposite end to <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a>, Holyrood has served as the principal royal residence in Scotland since the 16th century, and is a setting for state occasions and official entertaining. </p><p>The palace adjoins <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Abbey" title="Holyrood Abbey">Holyrood Abbey</a>, and the gardens are set within <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Park" title="Holyrood Park">Holyrood Park</a>. The <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Gallery,_Edinburgh" title="King's Gallery, Edinburgh">King's Gallery</a> was converted from existing buildings at the western entrance to the palace and was opened in 2002 to exhibit works of art from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection" title="Royal Collection">Royal Collection</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">King Charles III</a> spends one week in residence at Holyrood at the beginning of summer, where he carries out a range of official engagements and ceremonies. The 16th-century historic apartments of <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a>, and the State Apartments, used for official and state entertaining, are open to the public throughout the year, except when members of the <a href="/wiki/British_royal_family" title="British royal family">royal family</a> are in residence. The palace also serves as the official residence of the <a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Commissioner_to_the_General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland</a> during the annual meeting of the <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">General Assembly</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="12th–15th_centuries"><span id="12th.E2.80.9315th_centuries"></span>12th–15th centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 12th–15th centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyroodhouse-Abbey_(xtof.photo).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Holyroodhouse-Abbey_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg/290px-Holyroodhouse-Abbey_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Holyroodhouse-Abbey_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg/435px-Holyroodhouse-Abbey_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Holyroodhouse-Abbey_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg/580px-Holyroodhouse-Abbey_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1283" /></a><figcaption>The ruined nave of <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Abbey" title="Holyrood Abbey">Holyrood Abbey</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Ruins" title="Ruins">ruined</a> <a href="/wiki/Augustinians" title="Augustinians">Augustinian</a> <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Abbey" title="Holyrood Abbey">Holyrood Abbey</a> that stands next to the palace was founded in <a href="/wiki/1128" title="1128">1128</a> on the orders of <a href="/wiki/David_I_of_Scotland" title="David I of Scotland">King David I</a>. The name derives either from a legendary vision of the cross witnessed by David I, or from a relic of the <a href="/wiki/True_Cross" title="True Cross">True Cross</a> known as the Holy Rood or Black Rood, which had belonged to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Margaret_of_Scotland" title="Saint Margaret of Scotland">Saint Margaret</a>, David's mother.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke8_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke8-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a royal foundation, and sited close to <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a>, it became an important administrative centre. A Papal legate was received here in 1177, while in 1189 a council of nobles met to discuss a ransom for the captive <a href="/wiki/William_the_Lion" title="William the Lion">William the Lion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos125_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos125-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Parliament of Scotland">Parliament of Scotland</a> met at the abbey seven times between 1256 and 1410, and in 1328 the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Edinburgh%E2%80%93Northampton" title="Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton">Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton</a> was signed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_the_Bruce" title="Robert the Bruce">Robert the Bruce</a> in the 'King's Chamber' at the abbey, indicating that it may already have been in use as a royal residence. In 1371, <a href="/wiki/David_II_of_Scotland" title="David II of Scotland">David II</a> became the first of several kings to be buried at Holyrood Abbey, and <a href="/wiki/James_II_of_Scotland" title="James II of Scotland">James II</a> was born, crowned, married, and buried there.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos125_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos125-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/James_III_of_Scotland" title="James III of Scotland">James III</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Denmark,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland">Margaret of Denmark</a> were married at Holyrood in 1469.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke8_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke8-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The early royal residence was in the abbey guesthouse, and by the later 15th century the king occupied dedicated royal lodgings.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos125_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos125-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-clarke8_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke8-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="16th_century">16th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 16th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:354px;max-width:354px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:352px;max-width:352px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyrood_Gateway_1746.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Holyrood_Gateway_1746.jpg/350px-Holyrood_Gateway_1746.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Holyrood_Gateway_1746.jpg/525px-Holyrood_Gateway_1746.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Holyrood_Gateway_1746.jpg/700px-Holyrood_Gateway_1746.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1824" data-file-height="1143" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The gatehouse built by James IV, with the palace's James V's Tower behind, in a 1746 drawing by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sandby" title="Thomas Sandby">Thomas Sandby</a>.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:352px;max-width:352px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyrood_Palace_1544.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Holyrood_Palace_1544.jpg/350px-Holyrood_Palace_1544.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Holyrood_Palace_1544.jpg/525px-Holyrood_Palace_1544.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Holyrood_Palace_1544.jpg/700px-Holyrood_Palace_1544.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2237" data-file-height="1340" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Detail of a sketch made by an English soldier in 1544, showing the palace and abbey in front of <a href="/wiki/Arthur%27s_Seat" title="Arthur's Seat">Arthur's Seat</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Mile" title="Royal Mile">Royal Mile</a> is at right.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Between 1501 and 1505, <a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James IV</a> constructed a <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> palace adjacent to the abbey. The impetus for the work probably came from the marriage of James IV to <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tudor" title="Margaret Tudor">Margaret Tudor</a>, which took place in the abbey in August 1503 while work was still ongoing.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke8_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke8-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The palace was built around a <a href="/wiki/Quadrangle_(architecture)" title="Quadrangle (architecture)">quadrangle</a>, situated west of the abbey cloister. It contained a chapel, gallery, royal apartments, and a great hall. The chapel occupied the north range of the quadrangle, with the queen's apartments occupying part of the south range.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos125_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos125-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The west range contained the king's lodgings and the entrance to the palace. The master mason <a href="/wiki/Walter_Merlioun" title="Walter Merlioun">Walter Merlioun</a> built a two-storey gatehouse, which was demolished in 1753, although fragments of it remain in the 19th-century Abbey Court House which stands on Abbey Strand. The upper floor of the gatehouse was a workshop for the glazier <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Peebles_(glazier)" title="Thomas Peebles (glazier)">Thomas Peebles</a> until 1537, when it was converted into a space for mending the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Royal_tapestry_collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Royal tapestry collection">royal tapestries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-John_G._Dunbar_1999_pp._57_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-John_G._Dunbar_1999_pp._57-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1512 a lion house and menagerie were constructed in the palace gardens to house the king's lion, civet, tigers, lynx, and bears.<sup id="cite_ref-John_G._Dunbar_1999_pp._57_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-John_G._Dunbar_1999_pp._57-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-clarke9_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke9-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James IV held tournaments of the <a href="/wiki/Wild_Knight_and_the_Black_Lady" title="Wild Knight and the Black Lady">Wild Knight and the Black Lady</a> in Edinburgh in 1507 and 1508. These events concluded with banquets in the great hall. As the final act of these theatrical events, the Black Lady came into the hall with her Spanish page "Little Martin".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A cloud descended from the roof and swept them both away.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/James_V_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="James V of Scotland">James V</a> added to the palace between 1528 and 1536, beginning with the present James V's Tower, which is the oldest surviving part of the palace.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This huge rectangular tower, rounded at the corners, provided new royal lodgings at the north-west corner of the palace. Originally equipped with a <a href="/wiki/Drawbridge" title="Drawbridge">drawbridge</a> leading to the main entrance (protected with a <a href="/wiki/Yett" title="Yett">yett</a>) on the first floor, it may also have been protected by a <a href="/wiki/Moat" title="Moat">moat</a>, and provided a high degree of security. The south range was remodelled, and the old queen's apartments were converted into a new chapel, and the former chapel in the north range was converted into the Council Chamber, where ceremonial events normally took place.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos125_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos125-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James IV's west range was demolished and a new west range in the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a> style was built to house new state rooms, including the royal library.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bos126_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos126-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The symmetrical composition of the west range suggested that a second tower at the south-west was planned, though this was never executed at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke10_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke10-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around a series of lesser courts were ranged the Governor's Tower, the armoury, the mint, a forge, kitchens, and other service quarters.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke10_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke10-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James V's first wife, <a href="/wiki/Madeleine_of_Valois" title="Madeleine of Valois">Madeleine of Valois</a>, died at Holyrood in 1537.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The English armies of the <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Earl of Hertford</a> <a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Edinburgh" title="Burning of Edinburgh">sacked Edinburgh</a> and caused extensive damage to the palace and the abbey in 1544 and 1547 during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Rough_Wooing" class="mw-redirect" title="War of the Rough Wooing">War of the Rough Wooing</a>. Repairs were made by <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Guise" title="Mary of Guise">Mary of Guise</a>, and in May 1559 she had a new altarpiece installed in the chapel royal,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> featuring paintings from Flanders set in a frame made by a French carpenter <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mansioun" title="Andrew Mansioun">Andrew Mansioun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The altars were destroyed by a Protestant mob later in the same year, and after the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Reformation" title="Scottish Reformation">Scottish Reformation</a> was formalised, the abbey buildings were neglected. The <a href="/wiki/Choir_(architecture)" title="Choir (architecture)">choir</a> and transepts of the abbey church were pulled down in 1570. The nave was retained as the parish church of the <a href="/wiki/Canongate" class="mw-redirect" title="Canongate">Canongate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos126_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos126-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The royal apartments in James V's Tower were occupied by <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a> from her return to Scotland in 1561 to her forced abdication in 1567.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The palace was heated with coal from <a href="/wiki/Wallyford" title="Wallyford">Wallyford</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Lothian" title="East Lothian">East Lothian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The queen had <a href="/wiki/Archery_butts" class="mw-redirect" title="Archery butts">archery butts</a> erected in the south gardens to allow her to practise, and she hunted deer in <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Park" title="Holyrood Park">Holyrood Park</a>. There was also a flock of sheep in the park which were managed for the queen by the keeper, <a href="/wiki/John_Huntar" title="John Huntar">John Huntar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of her French servants formed relationships with women in the Canongate. The <a href="/wiki/Session_(Presbyterianism)" title="Session (Presbyterianism)">Kirk authorities</a> disapproved and made five of these unmarried women stand with bared heads at the cross near the palace for three hours in December 1564.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The series of famous audiences Mary gave to <a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a> took place in her audience chamber at Holyrood, and she <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Mary,_Queen_of_Scots,_and_Henry,_Lord_Darnley" title="Wedding of Mary, Queen of Scots, and Henry, Lord Darnley">married</a> her second husband, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stewart,_Lord_Darnley" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley">Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley</a>, in her private chapel in July 1565.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke12_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke12-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was in the royal apartments that Mary witnessed the murder of <a href="/wiki/David_Rizzio" title="David Rizzio">David Rizzio</a>, her private secretary, on 9 March 1566. Darnley and several nobles entered the queen's apartments via the private stair from Darnley's own apartments below. Bursting in on the queen, Rizzio and four other courtiers, who were at supper, they dragged Rizzio through the bedchamber and into the outer chamber, where he was stabbed to death, allegedly receiving fifty-seven dagger wounds.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mary married her third husband, James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, at the palace in May 1567.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke12_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke12-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Murder_of_David_Rizzio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/The_Murder_of_David_Rizzio.jpg/400px-The_Murder_of_David_Rizzio.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/The_Murder_of_David_Rizzio.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="339" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Murder_of_David_Rizzio" title="The Murder of David Rizzio">The Murder of David Rizzio</a></i>, painted in 1833 by <a href="/wiki/William_Allan_(painter)" title="William Allan (painter)">William Allan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Marian_civil_war" title="Marian civil war">Marian civil war</a>, on 25 July 1571, <a href="/wiki/William_Kirkcaldy_of_Grange" title="William Kirkcaldy of Grange">William Kirkcaldy of Grange</a> bombarded the king's men garrisoned inside the palace with cannon positioned in the Black Friar Yard, near <a href="/wiki/The_Pleasance_(street)" title="The Pleasance (street)">the Pleasance</a>. <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Parliament of Scotland">Parliament</a> met in the Palace on 30 April 1573.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI</a> took up <a href="/wiki/Entry_of_James_VI_into_Edinburgh" title="Entry of James VI into Edinburgh">residence at Holyrood</a> in 1579 when he began his personal rule. The palace was refurbished by <a href="/wiki/William_MacDowall" title="William MacDowall">William MacDowall</a> with a new north gallery painted by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Binning" title="Walter Binning">Walter Binning</a>, and an apartment for the king's favourite, <a href="/wiki/Esm%C3%A9_Stewart,_1st_Duke_of_Lennox" title="Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox">Esmé Stewart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Entry_and_coronation_of_Anne_of_Denmark" title="Entry and coronation of Anne of Denmark">coronation</a> of James's queen, <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a>, took place in Holyrood Abbey in 1590, at which time the royal household at the palace numbered around 600 persons.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke12_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke12-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>James VI kept a <a href="/wiki/Menagerie" title="Menagerie">menagerie</a> of animals at Holyrood including a lion, a tiger, and a lynx.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The palace was not however secure enough to prevent the king and queen being surprised in their lodgings during <a href="/wiki/Raid_of_Holyrood" title="Raid of Holyrood">two raids in December 1591 and July 1593</a> by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Stewart,_5th_Earl_of_Bothwell" title="Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell">Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell</a>, a nobleman implicated by the <a href="/wiki/North_Berwick_Witch_Trials" class="mw-redirect" title="North Berwick Witch Trials">North Berwick Witch Trials</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three of James VI's children, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia">Elizabeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Stuart_(1598%E2%80%931600)" title="Margaret Stuart (1598–1600)">Margaret</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles</a>, were baptised in the chapel royal. The Parliament of Scotland met at Holyrood on 29 occasions between 1573 and 1630. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="17th_century">17th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 17th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James VI was in residence at Holyrood on 26 March 1603 when <a href="/wiki/Robert_Carey,_1st_Earl_of_Monmouth" title="Robert Carey, 1st Earl of Monmouth">Sir Robert Carey</a> arrived at the palace to inform the King of Scots that <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a> had died two days earlier, and that James was now King of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Ireland</a>. With James's accession to the English throne and his move south to reside in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, the palace was no longer the seat of a permanent <a href="/wiki/Royal_court" title="Royal court">royal court</a>. James visited in 1617, and the Chapel Royal was redecorated for the occasion. The west front was remodelled in 1633 in preparation for the coronation of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> at Holyrood Abbey, and Charles resided at the palace again from August to November 1641.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos126_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos126-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1646 he conferred on <a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton" title="James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton">James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton</a> and his descendants the office of Hereditary Keeper of the palace.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1650, the palace was damaged extensively by fire while it was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>'s troops. After this, much of the palace was abandoned. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyrood_Palace_1649.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Holyrood_Palace_1649.jpg/290px-Holyrood_Palace_1649.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Holyrood_Palace_1649.jpg/435px-Holyrood_Palace_1649.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Holyrood_Palace_1649.jpg/580px-Holyrood_Palace_1649.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1863" data-file-height="1371" /></a><figcaption>The west range of the palace drawn around 1649 by James Gordon of Rothiemay, prior to reconstruction in the 1670s.</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Restoration" title="Stuart Restoration">restoration</a> of <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a> in 1660, Holyrood once again became a royal palace and the meeting place of the reconstituted <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_Scotland" title="Privy Council of Scotland">Privy Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke14_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke14-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Repairs were put in hand to allow use of the palace by the <a href="/wiki/John_Maitland,_1st_Duke_of_Lauderdale" title="John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale">Earl of Lauderdale</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State,_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State, Scotland">Secretary of State</a>, and a full survey was carried out in 1663 by <a href="/wiki/John_Mylne_(1611%E2%80%931667)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Mylne (1611–1667)">John Mylne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke14_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke14-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1670, the Privy Council decided to almost completely rebuild the palace. Apart from Holyrood and <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a>, Charles II failed to complete any of his palace modernisation schemes, largely due to lack of money.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke14_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke14-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bos127_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos127-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reason that Holyrood was seen as a priority and was completed was that the rebuilding of the palace was paid for by the Privy Council.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke14_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke14-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bos127_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos127-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the failure of proposals for political union with England in 1669, the Council wanted to emphasise Edinburgh's position as a royal capital and seat of government. At the time, it seemed unlikely that Charles II would ever visit Edinburgh. In practice, the royal apartments would be occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Commissioner_to_the_Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland">Lord High Commissioner</a>, and the other apartments were to be given over as lodgings for various officers of state.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke14_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke14-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bos127_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos127-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Lord High Commissioner from 1669 to 1678, John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale was <a href="/wiki/Vicegerent" title="Vicegerent">vicegerent</a> in Scotland and, as the principal occupant of the new palace, he closely supervised the building operations. Plans for complete reconstruction were drawn up by <a href="/wiki/William_Bruce_(architect)" title="William Bruce (architect)">Sir William Bruce</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Work_to_the_Crown_of_Scotland" title="Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland">Surveyor General of the King's Works</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mylne_(1633%E2%80%931710)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Mylne (1633–1710)">Robert Mylne</a>, the King's Master Mason. The design included a gothic south-west tower to mirror the existing north-west tower, a plan which had existed since at least Charles I's time. Following criticism of Bruce's initial plans for the internal layout from Charles II, Bruce redesigned the layout to provide suites of royal apartments on the first floor, with the Queen's Apartments (built for <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Braganza" title="Catherine of Braganza">Catherine of Braganza</a>) in the west range and the King's Apartments in the south and east ranges. The two were linked by the Great Gallery to the north, and the Council Chamber occupied the south-west tower.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos127_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos127-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction began in July 1671, starting at the north-west, which was ready for use by Lauderdale the following year, and by 1674 much of the work was complete. In 1675 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Maitland,_3rd_Earl_of_Lauderdale" title="Charles Maitland, 3rd Earl of Lauderdale">Lord Haltoun</a> became the first of many nobles to take up a <a href="/wiki/Grace-and-favour" class="mw-redirect" title="Grace-and-favour">grace-and-favour</a> apartment in the palace. A second phase of work started in 1676, when the Duke of Lauderdale ordered Bruce to demolish and rebuild the main west façade, resulting by 1679 in the present west front which forms the main entrance. Bruce also constructed a kitchen block to the south-east of the Quadrangle. By 1679 the palace had been reconstructed, largely in its present form. Craftsmen employed included the Dutch carpenters Alexander Eizat and Jan van Santvoort, and their compatriot <a href="/wiki/Jacob_de_Wet_II" title="Jacob de Wet II">Jacob de Wet</a> who painted several ceilings. The elaborate plasterwork was carried out by the English plasterers John Houlbert and George Dunsterfield.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke16_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke16-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1679, <a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James, Duke of Albany</a>, the future James VII, and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Modena" title="Mary of Modena">Mary of Modena</a>, took up residence at Holyrood following James's appointment as Lord High Commissioner.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos128_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos128-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They resided at the palace until February 1680, and then again from October 1680 to May 1682, and during this period culture flourished in Edinburgh under the patronage of James's vice-regal court. His daughter <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Anne</a> also resided at Holyrood between 1681 and 1682.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When James acceded to the throne in 1685, the Catholic king set up a <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> college in the Chancellor's Lodging to the south of the palace. James VII founded the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Thistle" title="Order of the Thistle">Order of the Thistle</a> in May 1687 and Holyrood Abbey was designated as the chapel for the new order. The interiors of the chapel, and the Jesuit College, were subsequently destroyed by an anti-Catholic mob in December 1688, following the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Glorious_Revolution" title="Glorious Revolution">Glorious Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bos128_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos128-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century">18th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 18th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyroodhouse_and_abbey_in_1789.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Holyroodhouse_and_abbey_in_1789.jpg/290px-Holyroodhouse_and_abbey_in_1789.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Holyroodhouse_and_abbey_in_1789.jpg/435px-Holyroodhouse_and_abbey_in_1789.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Holyroodhouse_and_abbey_in_1789.jpg/580px-Holyroodhouse_and_abbey_in_1789.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3952" data-file-height="2496" /></a><figcaption>A view of the palace and abbey in 1789</figcaption></figure> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">Union of Scotland and England</a> in 1707 the palace lost its principal functions. The office of Lord High Commissioner ceased to exist, and with the abolition of the Privy Council in 1708 the Council Chamber became redundant.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._49_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._49-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Dukes_of_Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Dukes of Hamilton">Dukes of Hamilton</a>, as Hereditary Keepers, had already taken over the Queen's Apartments in James V's Tower 1684, while the King's Apartments were neglected, and various nobles occupied the grace-and-favour apartments in the palace.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._49_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._49-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bos128_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bos128-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Holyrood briefly became a royal palace once again when <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Charles Edward Stuart</a>, as 'Prince Regent' for his <a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" title="James Francis Edward Stuart">father</a>, set up court at the palace for six weeks in September and October 1745, during the <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_Rising_of_1745" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobite Rising of 1745">Jacobite Rising</a>. Charles occupied the Duke of Hamilton's apartments rather than the King's Apartments, and held balls and other entertainments in the Great Gallery. In January 1746, following their defeat by the Jacobite army at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Falkirk_Muir" title="Battle of Falkirk Muir">Battle of Falkirk Muir</a>, the government troops of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hawley" title="Henry Hawley">Henry Hawley</a> who were billeted in the palace damaged the royal portraits in the Gallery. The <a href="/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cumberland" title="Prince William, Duke of Cumberland">Duke of Cumberland</a> also occupied the apartments in James V's Tower during his march north to <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Culloden" title="Battle of Culloden">Culloden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The potential of the palace as a tourist attraction was already being recognised, with the Duke of Hamilton allowing paying guests to view Mary, Queen of Scots´ apartments in James V's Tower.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The precincts of Holyrood Abbey, extending to the whole of <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Park" title="Holyrood Park">Holyrood Park</a>, had been designated as a debtors' sanctuary since the 16th century. Those in debt could escape their creditors, and <a href="/wiki/Debtors%27_prison" title="Debtors' prison">imprisonment</a>, by taking up residence within the sanctuary, and a small community grew up to the west of the palace. The residents, known colloquially as "Abbey <a href="/wiki/Laird" title="Laird">Lairds</a>", were able to leave the sanctuary on Sundays, when no arrests were permitted. The area was controlled by a <a href="/wiki/Baillie" class="mw-redirect" title="Baillie">baillie</a>, and by several constables, appointed by the Keeper of Holyroodhouse. The <a href="/wiki/High_Constables_and_Guard_of_Honour_of_the_Palace_of_Holyroodhouse" title="High Constables and Guard of Honour of the Palace of Holyroodhouse">constables</a> now form a ceremonial guard at the palace.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke20_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke20-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:274px;max-width:274px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:272px;max-width:272px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacobite_broadside_-_Holy_Rood_Palace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jacobite_broadside_-_Holy_Rood_Palace.jpg/270px-Jacobite_broadside_-_Holy_Rood_Palace.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jacobite_broadside_-_Holy_Rood_Palace.jpg/405px-Jacobite_broadside_-_Holy_Rood_Palace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jacobite_broadside_-_Holy_Rood_Palace.jpg/540px-Jacobite_broadside_-_Holy_Rood_Palace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="2044" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Engraving of <i>Holy Rood Palace</i> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hearne_(artist)" title="Thomas Hearne (artist)">Thomas Hearne</a>, drawn in 1778, engraving published 1800.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:272px;max-width:272px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyrood_from_Calton_Hill_by_James_Valentine._1878_or_earlier..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Holyrood_from_Calton_Hill_by_James_Valentine._1878_or_earlier..jpg/270px-Holyrood_from_Calton_Hill_by_James_Valentine._1878_or_earlier..jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Holyrood_from_Calton_Hill_by_James_Valentine._1878_or_earlier..jpg/405px-Holyrood_from_Calton_Hill_by_James_Valentine._1878_or_earlier..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Holyrood_from_Calton_Hill_by_James_Valentine._1878_or_earlier..jpg/540px-Holyrood_from_Calton_Hill_by_James_Valentine._1878_or_earlier..jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">19th-century view of the palace from <a href="/wiki/Calton_Hill" title="Calton Hill">Calton Hill</a>.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a> allowed the <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Comte d'Artois</a>, the exiled younger brother of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XVI of France">Louis XVI of France</a>, to live at the palace.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke20_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke20-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artois – who would accede to the French throne in 1824 as Charles X – resided at Holyrood from 1796 to 1803. He occupied the King's Apartments, and during this period the palace was refurbished. Artois took advantage of the sanctuary provided by the abbey to avoid his creditors. His sons, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême">Louis Antoine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Berry" title="Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry">Charles Ferdinand</a>, also spent periods at Holyrood with their father.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke20_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke20-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyrood_Palace_by_Thomas_Keith.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Holyrood_Palace_by_Thomas_Keith.jpg/220px-Holyrood_Palace_by_Thomas_Keith.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Holyrood_Palace_by_Thomas_Keith.jpg/330px-Holyrood_Palace_by_Thomas_Keith.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Holyrood_Palace_by_Thomas_Keith.jpg/440px-Holyrood_Palace_by_Thomas_Keith.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1702" /></a><figcaption><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.nga.gov/permalink/01NGA_INST/1p5jkvq/alma994204278404896">Holyrood Palace, waxed-paper negative by Thomas Keith, c. 1856</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nga.gov/research/library/imagecollections/photographers-and-campaign-organizers.html">Department of Image Collections</a>, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington DC</figcaption></figure> <p>William Murray Nairne, 5th <a href="/wiki/Lord_Nairne" title="Lord Nairne">Lord Nairne</a>, was appointed Assistant Inspector-General of Barracks in Scotland in 1806 and he and his wife, the songwriter and avid Jacobite <a href="/wiki/Carolina_Oliphant" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolina Oliphant">Carolina Oliphant</a>, enjoyed the use of the Royal Apartments as one of the perks of the post.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his <a href="/wiki/Visit_of_George_IV_to_Scotland" title="Visit of George IV to Scotland">visit to Scotland in 1822</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George IV of the United Kingdom">King George IV</a> became the first reigning monarch since Charles I in 1641 to visit Holyrood. Although he was lodged at <a href="/wiki/Dalkeith_Palace" title="Dalkeith Palace">Dalkeith Palace</a>, the king held a <a href="/wiki/Levee_(ceremony)" title="Levee (ceremony)">levée</a> at Holyrood, received addresses, and was shown the historic apartments of Mary, Queen of Scots. He ordered repairs to the palace but declared that Queen Mary's rooms should be protected from any future changes. Between 1824 and 1834, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Reid_(architect)" title="Robert Reid (architect)">Robert Reid</a> oversaw works including the demolition of all the outlying buildings to the north and south of the quadrangle, and the refacing of the south front. Following the <a href="/wiki/July_Revolution" title="July Revolution">July Revolution</a> of 1830, Charles X of France went into exile again, and he arrived to reside at Holyrood again in October, along with his grandson and heir, <a href="/wiki/Henri,_Count_of_Chambord" title="Henri, Count of Chambord">Henri, Count of Chambord</a>, the Duke and <a href="/wiki/Marie-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se,_Duchess_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" class="mw-redirect" title="Marie-Thérèse, Duchess of Angoulême">Duchess of Angoulême</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Marie-Caroline_of_Bourbon-Two_Sicilies,_Duchess_of_Berry" title="Marie-Caroline of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duchess of Berry">Duchess of Berry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louise_Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_d%27Artois" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise Marie Thérèse d'Artois">Louise Marie Thérèse d'Artois</a>, and their household. The <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">Bourbons</a> remained in Edinburgh until September 1832, when they moved to <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke20_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke20-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1834 <a href="/wiki/William_IV" title="William IV">William IV</a> agreed that the <a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Commissioner_to_the_General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland</a> could make use of the palace during the <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">General Assembly</a>'s annual meeting, and this tradition continues today. </p><p>On the first visit of <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> to Scotland in 1842, she also stayed at Dalkeith Palace, and was prevented from visiting Holyrood due to an outbreak of <a href="/wiki/Scarlet_fever" title="Scarlet fever">scarlet fever</a> in the vicinity.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Renovations were carried out by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Matheson_(architect)" title="Robert Matheson (architect)">Robert Matheson</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Works" title="Office of Works">Office of Works</a> in preparation for the queen and <a href="/wiki/Albert,_Prince_Consort" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert, Prince Consort">Prince Albert</a>'s 1850 residence at the palace, and the King's Apartments were refurbished by <a href="/wiki/David_Ramsay_Hay" title="David Ramsay Hay">David Ramsay Hay</a>: the King's Closet was used as the queen's breakfast room, the King's Ante-Chamber as the queen's bedroom, and the King's Bedchamber became Prince Albert's dressing room.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaxwell190631_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaxwell190631-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A statue of Victoria was erected in the forecourt in 1851 (it was replaced by the fountain in 1858), and in 1855–56 the King's Drawing Room (the present Throne Room) was refitted by Robert Matheson.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._23_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._23-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the next few years, the lodgings of the various nobles were gradually repossessed and, in 1871, Victoria was able to take possession of the second-floor apartments formerly occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Dukes_of_Argyll" class="mw-redirect" title="Dukes of Argyll">Dukes of Argyll</a> (by virtue of their position as <a href="/wiki/Master_of_the_Household_of_Scotland" title="Master of the Household of Scotland">Masters of the Household</a>) as her private apartments, freeing up the King's Apartments to be used as public apartments. From 1854 the historic apartments in James V's Tower were formally opened to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Victoria last resided at the palace in November 1886.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._23_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._23-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century_to_the_present_day">20th century to the present day</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 20th century to the present day"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although <a href="/wiki/Edward_VII_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward VII of the United Kingdom">Edward VII</a> visited briefly in 1903, it was <a href="/wiki/George_V_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George V of the United Kingdom">George V</a> who transformed Holyrood into a modern palace, with the installation of central heating, electric lighting, the modernisation of the kitchens, and the addition of new bathrooms and a lift. In 1922 the palace was selected as the site of the Scottish National Memorial to Edward VII and a statue of Edward was erected on the forecourt, facing the abbey. As part of the memorial, the forecourt was also enclosed with boundary walls, richly decorated wrought-iron railings and gates. The palace was formally designated as the monarch's <a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">official residence</a> in Scotland and became the location for regular royal ceremonies and events.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Standard_Holyrood.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Royal_Standard_Holyrood.PNG/220px-Royal_Standard_Holyrood.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Royal_Standard_Holyrood.PNG/330px-Royal_Standard_Holyrood.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Royal_Standard_Holyrood.PNG/440px-Royal_Standard_Holyrood.PNG 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="827" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Standard_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Standard (United Kingdom)">Royal Standard</a> used in Scotland is flown when the monarch is in residence.</figcaption></figure> <p>The British monarch spends one week (known as "Royal Week") at the palace each summer.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke30_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke30-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While serving as <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Rothesay" title="Duke of Rothesay">Duke of Rothesay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> also stayed at Holyrood for one week a year, carrying out official duties.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the death of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> at <a href="/wiki/Balmoral_Castle" title="Balmoral Castle">Balmoral Castle</a> in September 2022, her coffin was transported to the palace, where it lay in repose in the Throne Room from 11 to 12 September, before being taken in procession to <a href="/wiki/St_Giles%27_Cathedral" title="St Giles' Cathedral">St Giles' Cathedral</a>. These were the first obsequies held in Scotland for a monarch since the burial of James V at Holyrood Abbey in January 1543.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Investiture" title="Investiture">Investitures</a> and banquets are held in the palace's Great Gallery, <a href="/wiki/Audience_(meeting)" title="Audience (meeting)">audiences</a> are held in the Morning Drawing Room, lunch parties and receptions take place in the Throne Room, dinner parties are held in the State Dining Room, and annual garden parties are hosted in the gardens. When the King is in residence, the Scottish version of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Standard_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Royal Standard of the United Kingdom">Royal Standard of the United Kingdom</a> is flown; at all other times, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Banner_of_Scotland" title="Royal Banner of Scotland">Royal Banner of Scotland</a> is displayed. During the King's visits, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Company_of_Archers" title="Royal Company of Archers">Royal Company of Archers</a> form his ceremonial bodyguard and the <a href="/wiki/High_Constables_and_Guard_of_Honour_of_the_Palace_of_Holyroodhouse" title="High Constables and Guard of Honour of the Palace of Holyroodhouse">High Constables of Holyroodhouse</a> provide a <a href="/wiki/Guard_of_honour" title="Guard of honour">guard of honour</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Ceremony_of_the_Keys_(Edinburgh)" title="Ceremony of the Keys (Edinburgh)">Ceremony of the Keys</a>, in which the King is formally presented with the keys of Edinburgh by the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Provost_of_Edinburgh" title="Lord Provost of Edinburgh">Lord Provost of Edinburgh</a>, is held on the forecourt on his arrival. The wedding reception of <a href="/wiki/Zara_Phillips" class="mw-redirect" title="Zara Phillips">Zara Phillips</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tindall" title="Mike Tindall">Mike Tindall</a> was held in the palace following their wedding at the <a href="/wiki/Canongate_Kirk" title="Canongate Kirk">Canongate Kirk</a> in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its role as the official residence of the monarch in Scotland, Holyrood has hosted a number of foreign visitors and dignitaries, including kings <a href="/wiki/Olav_V_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Olav V of Norway">Olav V</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harald_V_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Harald V of Norway">Harald V</a> of Norway, <a href="/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf" title="Carl XVI Gustaf">King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_McAleese" title="Mary McAleese">Mary McAleese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A meeting of the <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a> was held at the palace in December 1992 during the British presidency of the council.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Queen Elizabeth II gave a dinner at Holyrood for the Commonwealth heads of government in October 1997 during the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 1997">Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting</a> in Edinburgh.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1834 the <a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Commissioner_to_the_General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland</a> resides at the palace for a week each year while the <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">General Assembly</a> is meeting.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Holyrood Palace remains the property of <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">the Crown</a>. As the official royal residence in Scotland, building conservation and maintenance work on the palace and abbey falls to the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Government" title="Scottish Government">Scottish Government</a> and is delivered on their behalf by the Conservation Directorate of <a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. Public access is managed by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Collection Trust">Royal Collection Trust</a>, with revenues used to support the work of the trust as custodians of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection" title="Royal Collection">Royal Collection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2016 the Royal Collection Trust announced it was to fund a £10m project to redevelop the outside space at Holyrood, including the abbey, grounds and forecourt. The project was completed at the end of 2018 in partnership with Historic Environment Scotland, and included the restoration of the Abbey Strand buildings which now house a learning centre.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyroodhouse-Courtyard_(xtof.photo).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Holyroodhouse-Courtyard_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg/300px-Holyroodhouse-Courtyard_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Holyroodhouse-Courtyard_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg/450px-Holyroodhouse-Courtyard_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Holyroodhouse-Courtyard_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg/600px-Holyroodhouse-Courtyard_%28xtof.photo%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1281" /></a><figcaption>The Quadrangle, designed by Sir William Bruce, reflects the Palace's monastic origins with its cloister-like layout</figcaption></figure> <p>The palace as it stands today was designed by <a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Bruce,_1st_Baronet,_of_Balcaskie" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir William Bruce, 1st Baronet, of Balcaskie">Sir William Bruce</a> and built between 1671 and 1678, with the exception of the 16th-century north-west tower built by James V. The palace is laid out round a central, <a href="/wiki/Classical_architecture" title="Classical architecture">classical</a>-style three-storey plus attic quadrangle layout. The palace extends approximately 230 feet (70 m) from north to south and 230 feet (70 m) from east to west. The 16th-century north-west tower is balanced with a matching south-west tower, each with a pair of circular angle turrets with ball-finialled, conical bell-cast roofs. The towers are linked by a recessed two-storey front, with the central principal entrance framed by giant <a href="/wiki/Doric_order" title="Doric order">Doric</a> columns and surmounted by the carved <a href="/wiki/Royal_arms_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal arms of Scotland">Royal arms of Scotland</a>. Above the arms a crowned <a href="/wiki/Cupola" title="Cupola">cupola</a> with a clock rises behind a broken <a href="/wiki/Pediment" title="Pediment">pediment</a> supported by dolphins, on which are two reclining figures.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._28_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._28-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The north and south fronts have symmetrical three-storey facades that rise behind to far left and right of the two-storey west front with regular arrangement of bays. General repairs were completed by the architect <a href="/wiki/Robert_Reid_(architect)" title="Robert Reid (architect)">Robert Reid</a> between 1824 and 1834 that included the partial rebuilding of the south-west corner tower and refacing of the entire south front in <a href="/wiki/Ashlar" title="Ashlar">ashlar</a> to match that of the east. The east (rear) elevation has 17 bays with lightly superimposed <a href="/wiki/Pilaster" title="Pilaster">pilasters</a> of the three <a href="/wiki/Classical_order" title="Classical order">classical orders</a> on each floor. The ruins of the abbey church connect to the palace on the north-east corner. For the internal quadrangle, Bruce designed a colonnaded piazza of nine arches on the north, south and east facades with pilasters, again from the three classical orders, to indicate the importance of the three main floors. The plain <a href="/wiki/Doric_order" title="Doric order">Doric order</a> is used for the services of the ground floor, the <a href="/wiki/Ionic_order" title="Ionic order">Ionic order</a> is used for the State Apartments on the first floor, while the elaborate <a href="/wiki/Corinthian_order" title="Corinthian order">Corinthian order</a> is used for the royal apartments on the second floor.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Architectural_historian" title="Architectural historian">Architectural historian</a> <a href="/wiki/Dan_Cruickshank" title="Dan Cruickshank">Dan Cruickshank</a> selected the palace as one of his eight choices for the 2002 <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Britain%27s_Best_Buildings" class="mw-redirect" title="The Story of Britain's Best Buildings">The Story of Britain's Best Buildings</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interior">Interior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Interior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The palace covers 87,120 square feet (8,093 m2) of floor space and contains 289 rooms. The private apartments of the King and the other members of the Royal Family are located on the second floor of the south and east wings. The 17 rooms open to the public include the 17th-century State Apartments, the Great Gallery, and the 16th-century apartments in James V's Tower. The painting <i><a href="/wiki/An_Incident_in_the_Rebellion_of_1745" title="An Incident in the Rebellion of 1745">An Incident in the Rebellion of 1745</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/David_Morier" title="David Morier">David Morier</a> is in the lobby of the Palace.<sup id="cite_ref-rct_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rct-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_Apartments">State Apartments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: State Apartments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyrood_Palace_Stairwell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Holyrood_Palace_Stairwell.jpg/220px-Holyrood_Palace_Stairwell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Holyrood_Palace_Stairwell.jpg/330px-Holyrood_Palace_Stairwell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Holyrood_Palace_Stairwell.jpg/440px-Holyrood_Palace_Stairwell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4131" data-file-height="2832" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The lobby of the Great Stair.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyrood_Palace_Dining_Room.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Holyrood_Palace_Dining_Room.jpg/220px-Holyrood_Palace_Dining_Room.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Holyrood_Palace_Dining_Room.jpg/330px-Holyrood_Palace_Dining_Room.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Holyrood_Palace_Dining_Room.jpg/440px-Holyrood_Palace_Dining_Room.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3359" data-file-height="2277" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Royal Dining Room.</div></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_IV_in_kilt,_by_Wilkie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/George_IV_in_kilt%2C_by_Wilkie.jpg/200px-George_IV_in_kilt%2C_by_Wilkie.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/George_IV_in_kilt%2C_by_Wilkie.jpg/300px-George_IV_in_kilt%2C_by_Wilkie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/George_IV_in_kilt%2C_by_Wilkie.jpg/400px-George_IV_in_kilt%2C_by_Wilkie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="944" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/David_Wilkie_(artist)" title="David Wilkie (artist)">Sir David Wilkie</a>'s portrait of the kilted George IV, which hangs in the Royal Dining Room.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Great Stair in the south-west corner of the Quadrangle has a 17th-century Baroque ceiling featuring plaster angels holding the <a href="/wiki/Honours_of_Scotland" title="Honours of Scotland">Honours of Scotland</a>. The Italian paintings on the walls are fragments of <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">frescoes</a> painted <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/circa" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:circa">circa</a></i> 1550 by <a href="/wiki/Lattanzio_Gambara" title="Lattanzio Gambara">Lattanzio Gambara</a>, illustrating scenes from <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i>. They were bought by <a href="/wiki/Albert,_Prince_Consort" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert, Prince Consort">Prince Albert</a> in 1856, and placed here in 1881.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the top of the stair are the entrances to the West Drawing Room - the former Council Chamber - and the Royal Dining Room. The latter was originally the Queen's Guard Chamber and formed part of the Queen's Apartments. The Dining Room's <a href="/wiki/Adam_style" title="Adam style">Adam style</a> decoration dates from around 1800, when this was part of the Duke of Hamilton's apartments. The room was first used as a dining room at the end of Queen Victoria's reign, and continues to be used as such. The room features portraits of Bonnie Prince Charlie, George IV, Victoria and Elizabeth II, along with the 3,000-piece silver banqueting service commissioned to mark the <a href="/wiki/Silver_Jubilee_of_George_V" title="Silver Jubilee of George V">Silver Jubilee of George V</a> in 1935. </p><p>The King's Apartments occupied the whole of the south and east sides of the Quadrangle. Accessed from the Great Stair, the suite of rooms comprised a guard chamber, presence chamber, privy chamber, antechamber, bedchamber and closet. The level of privacy, as well as the richness of decoration, increased in sequence. The Throne Room was originally the King's Guard Chamber, but was used as the King's Drawing Room from the visit of George IV in 1822, when a <a href="/wiki/Throne" title="Throne">throne</a> and canopy of state were erected at the west end of the room for the <a href="/wiki/Levee_(ceremony)" title="Levee (ceremony)">levees</a> hosted there. Queen Victoria used the room as a dining room, before it became the Throne Room in 1871.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaxwell190632_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaxwell190632-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1822 throne was replaced in 1911 by a pair of throne chairs made for George V and Queen Mary, which sit upon the <a href="/wiki/Dais" title="Dais">dais</a> beneath the Royal Arms of Scotland. In 1929 a new ceiling was installed that matched the others in the King's Apartments, and oak-panelled walls which incorporate paintings were installed. The paintings include the <a href="/wiki/John_Michael_Wright" title="John Michael Wright">John Michael Wright</a> portrait of Charles II and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Lely" title="Peter Lely">Peter Lely</a>'s portraits of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Braganza" title="Catherine of Braganza">Catherine of Braganza</a>, James VII and Mary of Modena.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Evening Drawing Room was originally Charles II's Presence Chamber, where important visitors would have been received by the king. The ornate plasterwork ceiling is one of the original series designed to mark the processional route to the King's Bedchamber.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Royal Family use the room for receptions. The Morning Drawing Room was Charles II's Privy Chamber. The ceiling is decorated in the corners with <a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">cherubs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eagle" title="Eagle">eagles</a> bearing the cipher of Charles II and the <a href="/wiki/Honours_of_Scotland" title="Honours of Scotland">Honours of Scotland</a>, while the long central panels feature heraldic <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unicorn" title="Unicorn">unicorns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French tapestries purchased for Charles II in 1668 tell the story of <a href="/wiki/Diana_(mythology)" title="Diana (mythology)">Diana</a>, the goddess of the hunt.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles III uses the Morning Drawing Room to give private audiences to the <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Presiding_Officer_of_the_Scottish_Parliament" title="Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament">Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament</a>, and other visiting dignitaries. </p><p>The King's Antechamber, Bedchamber and Closet are laid out along the east side of the palace. The King's Bedchamber, at the centre of the east façade, has the finest of the 17th-century plaster ceilings, augmented by paintings of <a href="/wiki/Hercules" title="Hercules">Hercules</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jacob_de_Wet_II" title="Jacob de Wet II">Jacob de Wet II</a>. The 17th-century State Bed has been in the palace since 1684, and was probably made for the Dukes of Hamilton, although it was long referred to as "Queen Mary's Bed" when it occupied Mary, Queen of Scots' rooms.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The King's Closet was designed to be the king's study.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Great_Gallery">The Great Gallery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: The Great Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Great Gallery, at 150 feet (45 m) in length, is the largest room in the palace and connects the King's Closet on the east side with the Queen's Lobby in James V's Tower to the west. The Gallery features a pair of black marble chimneypieces within <a href="/wiki/Doric_order" title="Doric order">Doric</a> surrounds, framed by <a href="/wiki/Ionic_order" title="Ionic order">Ionic</a> pilasters.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._42_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._42-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most notable decorative features of the gallery are 96 of the 111 original portraits of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of monarchs of Scotland">Scottish monarchs</a>, beginning with the legendary <a href="/wiki/Fergus_I_(mythological_king)" title="Fergus I (mythological king)">Fergus I</a>, who supposedly ruled from 330 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dutch painter Jacob de Wet was commissioned by Charles II to paint the portraits, illustrating both real and legendary monarchs, from Fergus I to James VII. The portraits were completed between 1684 and 1686, and celebrate the royal bloodline of Scotland which the Scots upheld for its continuity and antiquity as an important part of their national identity in the seventeenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Great Gallery has served many purposes over the centuries. Following the Union of 1707 it was the venue for the election of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_representative_peers" title="List of Scottish representative peers">Scottish representative peers</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a> until 1963. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Bonnie Prince Charlie</a> held evening balls in the Gallery during his <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745" title="Jacobite rising of 1745">brief occupation</a>, and following his victory at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Falkirk_Muir" title="Battle of Falkirk Muir">Battle of Falkirk Muir</a> in January 1746, the defeated government troops were quartered in the Gallery. While the <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Comte d'Artois</a> was in residence it served as a Catholic chapel, and in the early 20th century it was used as the State Dining Room.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._42_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._42-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today it is used for large functions including investitures and banquets.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gallery contains the Tam o' Shanter Chair, a Gothic-style oak armchair which celebrates the work of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Robert Burns</a>. It was made by John Underwood of Ayr from a portion of the roof of <a href="/wiki/Alloway_Auld_Kirk" title="Alloway Auld Kirk">Alloway Auld Kirk</a>, which is the setting for much of the poem "<a href="/wiki/Tam_o%27_Shanter_(poem)" title="Tam o' Shanter (poem)">Tam o' Shanter</a>". By the time that Burns was at the height of his fame, the Kirk had become a ruin and the timbers of the roof were used to make a number of Burns-related memorabilia and souvenirs. The chair was presented to George IV in 1822.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._42_71-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._42-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="James_V's_Tower"><span id="James_V.27s_Tower"></span>James V's Tower</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: James V's Tower"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The suite of rooms on the first floor of James V's Tower is accessed from the Queen's Lobby and comprises the Queen's Antechamber and the Queen's Bedchamber, leading from which are two turret rooms or closets.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._45_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._45-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1560s these rooms were occupied by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Lord_Darnley" title="Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley">Lord Darnley</a> and, following the rebuilding of the palace in the 1670s, they became part of the Queen's Apartments.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._45_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._45-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/William_Hamilton,_Duke_of_Hamilton" title="William Hamilton, Duke of Hamilton">Duke of Hamilton</a> took over the rooms in James V's Tower from 1684, and the Ante-Chamber became the Duke's dining room.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._45_75-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._45-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the decoration of this room dates from the mid nineteenth century, when the historical apartments in James V's Tower were opened to visitors. The room also contains a series of tapestries and portraits of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia">Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia</a>, the daughter of James VI.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._45_75-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._45-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Queen's Bedroom (also known as Lord Darnley's Bedchamber) is dominated by the so-called 'Darnley' bed. The bed was actually supplied to the Duke of Hamilton in 1682. The Stuart connection was provided by Bonnie Prince Charlie, who occupied the Duke of Hamilton's apartments in 1745, and slept in this bed.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The room is linked by a small spiral staircase to Mary, Queen of Scots' Bedchamber on the second floor. </p><p>The suite of rooms on the second floor of James V's Tower was occupied by Mary, Queen of Scots from 1561 until 1567. Mary Queen of Scots' Outer Chamber was where Mary, Queen of Scots received her visitors and where her famous audiences with <a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a> took place. It is also the room in which <a href="/wiki/David_Rizzio" title="David Rizzio">David Rizzio</a>, Mary's private secretary, was stabbed and his alleged bloodstain can be seen in the place where his body was left.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._51_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._51-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The room is now used to display a range of <a href="/wiki/House_of_Stewart" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Stewart">Stuart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_succession" title="Jacobite succession">Jacobite</a> relics that have been collected by successive monarchs. Among the relics associated with Queen Mary are an embroidery of a cat and a mouse, made whilst she was in captivity in England. This possibly alludes to her relationship with her cousin, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth I of England</a>, with Mary as the mouse and Elizabeth the cat.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The so-called 'Darnley Jewel', was probably made for <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Douglas" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret Douglas">Margaret, Countess of Lennox</a>, mother of Queen Mary's second husband, Lord Darnley. The emblems and inscriptions refer to the countess's hopes and ambitions for her grandson, the future James VI. The Jewel was purchased by Queen Victoria from the collection of Horace Walpole in 1842. The Memorial to Lord Darnley was also commissioned by Lord Darnley's parents, after his murder, and may implicate Queen Mary in his death. Several of the inscriptions have been removed, possibly by James VI, depicted as a child in the picture, mourning his father.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._51_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._51-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The compartmented oak ceiling in Mary, Queen of Scots' Bedchamber dates from Queen Mary's time, and the monograms <i>IR</i> (Jacobus Rex) and <i>MR</i> (Maria Regina) refer to her parents, James V and <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Guise" title="Mary of Guise">Mary of Guise</a>. Below the ceiling is a frieze, painted in <a href="/wiki/Grisaille" title="Grisaille">grisaille</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Honours_of_Scotland" title="Honours of Scotland">Honours of Scotland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gardens_and_grounds">Gardens and grounds</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gardens and grounds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holyrood_Palace_and_Abbey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Holyrood_Palace_and_Abbey.jpg/300px-Holyrood_Palace_and_Abbey.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Holyrood_Palace_and_Abbey.jpg/450px-Holyrood_Palace_and_Abbey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Holyrood_Palace_and_Abbey.jpg/600px-Holyrood_Palace_and_Abbey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4150" data-file-height="2763" /></a><figcaption>Bird's-eye view of the palace and abbey, including the western towers</figcaption></figure> <p>The gardens of the palace extend to some 10 acres (4.0 ha), set within the much larger <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Park" title="Holyrood Park">Holyrood Park</a>. In the 16th century, a privy garden was located to the north of the palace, accessed via a wooden gallery from the north-west tower. This was removed in 1857 when Prince Albert took an interest in the grounds, forming a new carriage drive to the north to avoid the Canongate slums and laying out the garden in its present form.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A small garden building, surviving from the 16th century, is known as Queen Mary's Bath House, although it is not thought to have been used for bathing.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke63_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke63-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sundial to the north of the palace was carved in 1633 by <a href="/wiki/John_Mylne_(d.1657)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Mylne (d.1657)">John Mylne</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-clarke63_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke63-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the sandstone fountain in the centre of the forecourt was erected in 1858 by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Matheson_(architect)" title="Robert Matheson (architect)">Robert Matheson</a> and is based on the design of the 16th-century fountain at <a href="/wiki/Linlithgow_Palace" title="Linlithgow Palace">Linlithgow Palace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke30_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke30-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ornamental screens and the decorative wrought-iron entrance gates to the north, west and south of the forecourt were designed by <a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Browne" title="George Washington Browne">George Washington Browne</a> and were erected in 1920 as a memorial to Edward VII, along with a statue of Edward by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Snell_Gamley" title="Henry Snell Gamley">Henry Snell Gamley</a> which was unveiled by George V in 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-Clarke,_p._28_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clarke,_p._28-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The buildings to the west of the forecourt are the Gatehouse and former Guard Rooms (1861) (which replaced the tenements of debtors' sanctuary), the Palace Coach House, the former stables (1861), the Café at the Palace in the Mews Courtyard, and the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Gallery,_Edinburgh" title="King's Gallery, Edinburgh">King's Gallery</a>. </p><p>In 1987 the Holyrood Palace and Park were added to the <a href="/wiki/Inventory_of_Gardens_and_Designed_Landscapes_in_Scotland" title="Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland">Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Big_Royal_Dig""><span id=".22Big_Royal_Dig.22"></span>"Big Royal Dig"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: "Big Royal Dig""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Holyrood Palace, along with <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace_Garden" title="Buckingham Palace Garden">Buckingham Palace Garden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a>, was excavated on 25–28 August 2006 as part of a special edition of <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>'s archaeology series <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Team_(specials)#Episodes_.282006-2010.29" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Team (specials)">Time Team</a></i>. The archaeologists uncovered part of the <a href="/wiki/Cloister" title="Cloister">cloister</a> of Holyrood Abbey, running in line with the existing abbey ruins, and a square tower associated with the 15th-century building works of James IV was discovered. The team failed to locate evidence of the <a href="/wiki/Real_tennis" title="Real tennis">real tennis</a> court used by Queen Mary to the north of the palace, as the area had been built over in the 19th century. An area of reddened earth was discovered, which was linked with the <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Earl of Hertford's</a> <a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Edinburgh" title="Burning of Edinburgh">burning of Holyrood</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Rough_Wooing" title="Rough Wooing">Rough Wooing</a> of 1544. Among the objects found were a <a href="/wiki/Seal_(device)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal (device)">seal matrix</a> used to stamp the wax seal on correspondence or documents,<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a French <i>double tournois</i> coin, minted by <a href="/wiki/Gaston,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Gaston, Duke of Orléans">Gaston d'Orléans</a> in 1634.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Scotland" title="Portal:Scotland">Scotland portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holyrood_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Holyrood (disambiguation)">Holyrood (disambiguation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Executive_agency" title="Executive agency">Executive agency</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Government" title="Scottish Government">Scottish Government</a> responsible for <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Abbey" title="Holyrood Abbey">Holyrood Abbey</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Collins3-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Collins3_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/holyrood?showCookiePolicy=true">"Holyrood"</a>. Collins Dictionary. n.d<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Holyrood&rft.pub=Collins+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fholyrood%3FshowCookiePolicy%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke8-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clarke8_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke8_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke8_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke8_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bos125-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bos125_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos125_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos125_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos125_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos125_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McWilliam <i>et al</i>. p. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-John_G._Dunbar_1999_pp._57-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-John_G._Dunbar_1999_pp._57_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-John_G._Dunbar_1999_pp._57_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">John G. Dunbar, <i>Scottish Royal Palaces</i> (Tuckwell: East Linton, 1999), pp. 57–59, 178, 198.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke9-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-clarke9_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Accounts of the Treasurer</i>, vol. 4 (Edinburgh, 1902), pp. 64, 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lesley Mickel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/rest.12388">'Our Hielandmen': Scots in Court Entertainments at home and abroad 1507–1616', <i>Renaissance Studies</i>, 33:2 (April, 2019), pp. 185–203 at p. 202</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aeneas_James_George_Mackay" title="Aeneas James George Mackay">Aeneas Mackay</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.nls.uk/publications-by-scottish-clubs/archive/107424647"><i>Historie and Cronicles of Scotland, by Robert Lindesay of Pitscottie</i>, vol. 1 (STS: Edinburgh, 1899), p. 244</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas, Andrea, <i>Princelie Majestie</i> (John Donald: Edinburgh, 2005), pp. 96–99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas, Andrea, <i>Princelie Majestie</i> (John Donald: Edinburgh, 2005), pp. 100–103.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bos126-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bos126_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos126_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos126_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McWilliam <i>et al</i>. p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke10-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clarke10_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke10_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rosalind Marshall, <i>Scottish Queens, 1034–1714</i> (John Donald: Edinburgh, 2003), p. 108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry Paton, <i>Accounts of the Master of Works</i>, vol. 1 (HMSO: Edinburgh, 1957), p. 298.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Pearce, 'A French Furniture Maker and the 'Courtly Style' in Sixteenth-Century Scotland’, <i>Regional Furniture</i>, 32 (2018), p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alexandra Johnson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/arthistoricum/catalog/book/398">'Mary Stuart's Inner Chamber at Holyrood', Stephan Hoppe, Krista De Jonge, Stefan Breitling, <i>The Interior as an Embodiment of Power</i> (Heidelberg, 2018), pp. 129–150</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gordon Donaldson, <i>Accounts of the Collectors of Thirds of Benefices, 1561–1572</i> (Edinburgh: Scottish History Society, 1949), pp. 146, 156.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Beveridge & Gordon Donaldson, <i>Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland</i>, vol. 5:2 (Edinburgh, 1957), pp. 324–325 no. 3361.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alma Calderwood, <i>Buik of the Kirk of the Canagait</i> (SRS: Edinburgh, 1961), p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke12-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clarke12_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke12_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke12_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Thomson, ed., <i>Diurnal of Occurrents</i> (Edinburgh, 1833) pp. 232, 234, 331.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Thorpe McInnes, <i>Accounts of the Treasurer: 1574–1580</i>, vol. 13 (Edinburgh, 1978), pp. 162, 166: Henry Paton, ed, <i>Accounts of the Master of Works</i>, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1957), pp. 302–307: <i>Calendar State Papers Scotland: 1574–1581</i>, vol. 5 (Edinburgh, 1907), p. 357.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Exchequer Rolls</i>, 22 (Edinburgh, 1903), 299, 388.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Cowan, 'Darker vision of the Scottish renaissance', in <i>Renaissance & Reformation in Scotland</i> (Edinburgh, 1983), pp. 132–134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke14-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clarke14_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke14_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke14_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke14_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke14_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bos127-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bos127_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos127_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos127_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos127_27-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McWilliam <i>et al</i>. p. 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke16-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-clarke16_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bos128-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bos128_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos128_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bos128_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McWilliam et al. p. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gregg, p. 26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clarke,_p._49-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._49_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._49_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, pp. 17–19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, pp. 19–20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke20-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clarke20_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke20_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke20_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke20_34-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barbour, Feeland (2019), <i>The White Rose of Gask: The Life and Songs of Carolina Oliphant of Gask</i>, <a href="/wiki/Birlinn_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Birlinn Ltd">Birlinn Ltd</a>., Edinburgh, p. 95, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781780276113" title="Special:BookSources/9781780276113">9781780276113</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Scotsman</i> (3 September 1842), p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, pp. 22–23, 40–41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaxwell190631-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaxwell190631_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMaxwell1906">Maxwell 1906</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clarke,_p._23-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._23_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._23_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, pp. 27–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke30-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clarke30_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke30_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link 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BBC News. 4 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Queen%27s+official+residences+to+undergo+%C2%A337m+tourism+revamp&rft.date=2016-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-berkshire-35958283&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clarke,_p._28-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._28_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._28_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB28022" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB28022">"Holyroodhouse, Palace of Holyroodhouse... (Category A Listed Building) (LB28022)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Holyroodhouse%2C+Palace+of+Holyroodhouse...+%28Category+A+Listed+Building%29+%28LB28022%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB28022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCruickshank" class="citation web cs1">Cruickshank, Dan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070531234543/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/programme_archive/best_buildings_07.shtml">"Choosing Britain's Best Buildings"</a>. BBC History. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/programme_archive/best_buildings_07.shtml">the original</a> on 31 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Choosing+Britain%27s+Best+Buildings&rft.pub=BBC+History&rft.aulast=Cruickshank&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fprogrammes%2Fprogramme_archive%2Fbest_buildings_07.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rct-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rct_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rct.uk/collection/401243/an-incident-in-the-rebellion-of-1745">"David Morier (1705?–70) – An Incident in the Rebellion of 1745"</a>. <i>www.rct.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rct.uk&rft.atitle=David+Morier+%281705%3F%E2%80%9370%29+%E2%80%93+An+Incident+in+the+Rebellion+of+1745&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rct.uk%2Fcollection%2F401243%2Fan-incident-in-the-rebellion-of-1745&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaxwell190632-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaxwell190632_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMaxwell1906">Maxwell 1906</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, pp. 38–39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clarke,_p._42-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._42_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._42_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._42_71-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rct.uk/collection/403322/fergus-i-king-of-scotland-330-305-b-c">Fergus I, King of Scotland (330–305 B.C.)</a> Jacob Jacobsz de Wet II (Haarlem 1641/2 – Amsterdam 1697), Royal Collection Trust</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. Wemyss, "The Art of Retrospection and the Country Houses of Post-Restoration Scotland" <i>Architectural Heritage XXVI</i> (2015), p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, pp. 49–50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clarke,_p._45-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._45_75-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._45_75-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._45_75-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._45_75-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clarke,_p._51-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._51_77-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clarke,_p._51_77-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, p. 64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clarke63-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clarke63_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clarke63_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clarke, pp. 63–64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandGDL00308" class="citation web cs1">Historic Environment Scotland. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/GDL00308">"Palace of Holyroodhouse (GDL00308)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Palace+of+Holyroodhouse+%28GDL00308%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FGDL00308&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080620001104/http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/B/big_royal_dig/holy/finds/holy_finds1.html">"Seal Matrix"</a>. <i>Time Team Big Royal Dig</i>. Channel 4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/B/big_royal_dig/holy/finds/holy_finds1.html">the original</a> on 20 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+Team+Big+Royal+Dig&rft.atitle=Seal+Matrix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fhistory%2Fmicrosites%2FB%2Fbig_royal_dig%2Fholy%2Ffinds%2Fholy_finds1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080620001104/http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/B/big_royal_dig/holy/finds/gallery_14_holy_finds1.html">"Double Tournois"</a>. <i>Time Team Big Royal Dig</i>. Channel 4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/B/big_royal_dig/holy/finds/gallery_14_holy_finds1.html">the original</a> on 20 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+Team+Big+Royal+Dig&rft.atitle=Double+Tournois&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fhistory%2Fmicrosites%2FB%2Fbig_royal_dig%2Fholy%2Ffinds%2Fgallery_14_holy_finds1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarke,_Deborah2019" class="citation book cs1">Clarke, Deborah (2019). <i>The Palace of Holyroodhouse: Official Souvenir Guide</i>. Royal Collection Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-905686-01-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-905686-01-8"><bdi>978-1-905686-01-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Palace+of+Holyroodhouse%3A+Official+Souvenir+Guide&rft.pub=Royal+Collection+Publications&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-905686-01-8&rft.au=Clarke%2C+Deborah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarke2024" class="citation book cs1">Clarke, Deborah (2024). <i>The Palace of Holyroodhouse A House: of Many Memories</i>. Royal Collection Trust. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781909741744" title="Special:BookSources/9781909741744"><bdi>9781909741744</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Palace+of+Holyroodhouse+A+House%3A+of+Many+Memories&rft.pub=Royal+Collection+Trust&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=9781909741744&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunbar,_John1999" class="citation book cs1">Dunbar, John (1999). <i>Scottish Royal Palaces</i>. Tuckwell Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86232-042-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-86232-042-X"><bdi>1-86232-042-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scottish+Royal+Palaces&rft.pub=Tuckwell+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-86232-042-X&rft.au=Dunbar%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser">Fraser, Antonia</a> (1994) [1969]. <i>Mary Queen of Scots</i>. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-297-17773-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-297-17773-9"><bdi>978-0-297-17773-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mary+Queen+of+Scots&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+and+Nicolson&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-297-17773-9&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallagher,_Dennis1999" class="citation journal cs1">Gallagher, Dennis (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120509182324/http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-352-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_128/128_1079_1099.pdf">"Holyrood Abbey: The disappearance of a monastery"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland</i>. <b>128</b>: <span class="nowrap">1079–</span>1099. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.9750%2FPSAS.128.1079.1099">10.9750/PSAS.128.1079.1099</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:159975479">159975479</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-352-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_128/128_1079_1099.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 9 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Society+of+Antiquaries+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Holyrood+Abbey%3A+The+disappearance+of+a+monastery&rft.volume=128&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1079-%3C%2Fspan%3E1099&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.9750%2FPSAS.128.1079.1099&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A159975479%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+Dennis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fads.ahds.ac.uk%2Fcatalogue%2Fadsdata%2Farch-352-1%2Fdissemination%2Fpdf%2Fvol_128%2F128_1079_1099.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregg,_Edward2001" class="citation book cs1">Gregg, Edward (2001). <i>Queen Anne</i>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-09024-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-09024-2"><bdi>0-300-09024-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Queen+Anne&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-300-09024-2&rft.au=Gregg%2C+Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamieson,_Fiona1994" class="citation journal cs1">Jamieson, Fiona (Summer 1994). "The Royal Gardens of the Palace of Holyroodhouse, 1500–1603". <i>Garden History</i>. <b>22</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">18–</span>36. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1587000">10.2307/1587000</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1587000">1587000</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Garden+History&rft.atitle=The+Royal+Gardens+of+the+Palace+of+Holyroodhouse%2C+1500%E2%80%931603&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E18-%3C%2Fspan%3E36&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1587000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1587000%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Jamieson%2C+Fiona&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span> (<i>JSTOR subscription required</i>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaing,_Henry1867" class="citation journal cs1">Laing, Henry (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120523163315/http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-352-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_007/7_381_387.pdf">"Remarks on the Carved Ceiling and Heraldic Shields of the Apartment in Holyrood House, commonly known as 'Queen Mary's Audience Chamber.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland</i>. <b>7</b>: <span class="nowrap">381–</span>384. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.9750%2FPSAS.007.381.384">10.9750/PSAS.007.381.384</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253261913">253261913</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-352-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_007/7_381_387.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 23 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Society+of+Antiquaries+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Remarks+on+the+Carved+Ceiling+and+Heraldic+Shields+of+the+Apartment+in+Holyrood+House%2C+commonly+known+as+%27Queen+Mary%27s+Audience+Chamber.%27&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E381-%3C%2Fspan%3E384&rft.date=1867&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.9750%2FPSAS.007.381.384&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A253261913%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Laing%2C+Henry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fads.ahds.ac.uk%2Fcatalogue%2Fadsdata%2Farch-352-1%2Fdissemination%2Fpdf%2Fvol_007%2F7_381_387.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaxwell1906" class="citation book cs1">Maxwell, Herbert (1906). <i>Official guide to the abbey-church, palace, and environs of Holyroodhouse: with a historical sketch</i>. William Blackwood and Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-266224-95-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-266224-95-2"><bdi>978-0-266224-95-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Official+guide+to+the+abbey-church%2C+palace%2C+and+environs+of+Holyroodhouse%3A+with+a+historical+sketch&rft.pub=William+Blackwood+and+Sons&rft.date=1906&rft.isbn=978-0-266224-95-2&rft.aulast=Maxwell&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcWilliam,_ColinGifford,_JohnWalker,_David1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Colin_McWilliam" title="Colin McWilliam">McWilliam, Colin</a>; Gifford, John; Walker, David (1984). <i>Edinburgh</i>. <a href="/wiki/Pevsner_Architectural_Guides" title="Pevsner Architectural Guides">The Buildings of Scotland</a>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-071068-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-071068-X"><bdi>0-14-071068-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edinburgh&rft.series=The+Buildings+of+Scotland&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-14-071068-X&rft.au=McWilliam%2C+Colin&rft.au=Gifford%2C+John&rft.au=Walker%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolyrood+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Holyrood_Palace" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Holyrood Palace">Holyrood Palace</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.nls.uk/towns/view/?id=211#id=211&zoom=6&lat=3319.5&lon=15824&layers=BT"><i>Holyrood Palace from Gordon of Rothiemay's map c. 1647</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rct.uk/visit/palace-of-holyroodhouse">Palace of Holyroodhouse</a>, The Royal Collection website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/royal-residences-the-palace-of-holyroodhouse">The Royal Residences: Palace of Holyroodhouse</a>, official website of the British Monarchy</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royalpalaces.com/palaces/holyrood-house/">Holyrood House, Royal Palaces by Simon Thurley</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Royal_palaces_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Royal palaces in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_royal_residences84" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_royal_residences" title="List of British royal residences">British royal residences</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEF;;width:1%">Official</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_House" title="Clarence House">Clarence House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_Castle" title="Hillsborough Castle">Hillsborough Castle</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Holyrood Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Palace" title="Kensington Palace">Kensington Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James's Palace">St James's Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEF;;width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balmoral_Castle" title="Balmoral Castle">Balmoral Castle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkhall" title="Birkhall">Birkhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigowan_Lodge" class="mw-redirect" title="Craigowan Lodge">Craigowan Lodge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatcombe_Park" title="Gatcombe Park">Gatcombe Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highgrove_House" title="Highgrove House">Highgrove House</a></li> <li>Kensington Palace <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivy_Cottage" title="Ivy Cottage">Ivy Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Cottage" title="Nottingham Cottage">Nottingham Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wren_House" title="Wren House">Wren House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llwynywermod" title="Llwynywermod">Llwynywermod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandringham_House" title="Sandringham House">Sandringham House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anmer_Hall" title="Anmer Hall">Anmer Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_Farm" title="Wood Farm">Wood Farm</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamarisk,_Isles_of_Scilly" title="Tamarisk, Isles of Scilly">Tamarisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thatched_House_Lodge" title="Thatched House Lodge">Thatched House Lodge</a></li> <li>Windsor <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Cottage" title="Adelaide Cottage">Adelaide Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagshot_Park" title="Bagshot Park">Bagshot Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frogmore_Cottage" title="Frogmore Cottage">Frogmore Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Lodge" title="Royal Lodge">Royal Lodge</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEF;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_royal_residences#Former_royal_residences" title="List of British royal residences">Former royal residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Royal_Palaces" title="Historic Royal Palaces">Historic Royal Palaces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Palaces_in_Scotland253" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Palaces_in_Scotland" title="Template:Palaces in Scotland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Palaces_in_Scotland" title="Template talk:Palaces in Scotland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Palaces_in_Scotland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Palaces in Scotland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Palaces_in_Scotland253" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Palace#United_Kingdom" title="Palace">Palaces in Scotland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Royal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunfermline_Palace" title="Dunfermline Palace">Dunfermline Palace</a>¤</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Palace" title="Falkland Palace">Falkland Palace</a>¤</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Haddington" title="Palace of Haddington">Palace of Haddington</a>ǂ</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Palace of Holyroodhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linlithgow_Palace" title="Linlithgow Palace">Linlithgow Palace</a>¤</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Episcopal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_Palace,_Kirkwall" title="Bishop's Palace, Kirkwall">Bishop's Palace, Kirkwall</a>¤</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetternear_Palace" title="Fetternear Palace">Fetternear Palace</a>ǂ</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Monimail" title="Palace of Monimail">Palace of Monimail</a>¤</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spynie_Palace" title="Spynie Palace">Spynie Palace</a>¤</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Noble</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culross_Palace" title="Culross Palace">Culross Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalkeith_Palace" title="Dalkeith Palace">Dalkeith Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl%27s_Palace,_Birsay" title="Earl's Palace, Birsay">Earl's Palace, Birsay</a>¤</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Palace" title="Hamilton Palace">Hamilton Palace</a>ǂ</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scone_Palace" title="Scone Palace">Scone Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seton_Palace" title="Seton Palace">Seton Palace</a>ǂ</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Scotland" title="Portal:Scotland">Scotland portal</a></i> (Key: ǂ = demolished ¤ = partly ruined)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Buildings_and_structures_in_Edinburgh577" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Buildings_and_structures_in_Edinburgh" title="Template:Buildings and structures in Edinburgh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Buildings_and_structures_in_Edinburgh" title="Template talk:Buildings and structures in Edinburgh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Buildings_and_structures_in_Edinburgh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Buildings and structures in Edinburgh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Buildings_and_structures_in_Edinburgh577" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Buildings and structures in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_listed_buildings_in_Edinburgh" title="List of listed buildings in Edinburgh">Listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_Edinburgh" title="List of tallest buildings and structures in Edinburgh">Tallest buildings and structures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bute_House" title="Bute House">Bute House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_City_Chambers" title="Edinburgh City Chambers">Edinburgh City Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Register_House" title="General Register House">General Register House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Edinburgh" title="Parliament House, Edinburgh">Parliament House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament_Building" title="Scottish Parliament Building">Scottish Parliament Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_House" title="St Andrew's House">St Andrew's House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Library,_Edinburgh" title="Central Library, Edinburgh">Central Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Scotland" title="National Library of Scotland">National Library of Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums and<br />galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Scotland" title="National Museum of Scotland">National Museum of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Scottish_Academy_Building" title="Royal Scottish Academy Building">Royal Scottish Academy Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Gallery" title="Scottish National Gallery">Scottish National Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Gallery_of_Modern_Art" title="Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art">Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Portrait_Gallery" title="Scottish National Portrait Gallery">Scottish National Portrait Gallery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Melville_Monument" title="Melville Monument">Melville Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Monument_of_Scotland" title="National Monument of Scotland">National Monument of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Monument" title="Scott Monument">Scott Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_War_Memorial" title="Scottish National War Memorial">Scottish National War Memorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Infirmary_of_Edinburgh" title="Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh">Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_General_Hospital" title="Western General Hospital">Western General</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greyfriars_Kirk" title="Greyfriars Kirk">Greyfriars Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canongate_Kirk" title="Canongate Kirk">Canongate Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Giles%27_Cathedral" title="St Giles' Cathedral">St Giles' Cathedral</a> (<a href="/wiki/Thistle_Chapel" title="Thistle Chapel">Thistle Chapel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Edinburgh_(Episcopal)" title="St Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh (Episcopal)">St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Edinburgh_(Catholic)" title="St Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh (Catholic)">St Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Margaret%27s_Chapel,_Edinburgh" title="St Margaret's Chapel, Edinburgh">St Margaret's Chapel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Abbey" title="Holyrood Abbey">Holyrood Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tron_Kirk" title="Tron Kirk">Tron Kirk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Houses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_houses" title="Colony houses">Colony houses</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Holyrood Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Knox_House" title="John Knox House">John Knox House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_Garden" title="Ramsay Garden">Ramsay Garden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hospitality</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balmoral_Hotel" title="Balmoral Hotel">Balmoral Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Caledonian_Edinburgh_Hotel" title="The Caledonian Edinburgh Hotel">The Caledonian Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Club,_Edinburgh" title="New Club, Edinburgh">New Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Scotsman_Hotel" title="The Scotsman Hotel">The Scotsman Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Road" title="Easter Road">Easter Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrayfield_Stadium" title="Murrayfield Stadium">Murrayfield Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tynecastle_Park" title="Tynecastle Park">Tynecastle Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Festival_Theatre" title="Edinburgh Festival Theatre">Edinburgh Festival Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_International_Conference_Centre" title="Edinburgh International Conference Centre">Edinburgh International Conference Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Theatre,_Edinburgh" title="King's Theatre, Edinburgh">King's Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Lyceum_Theatre" title="Royal Lyceum Theatre">Royal Lyceum Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usher_Hall" title="Usher Hall">Usher Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Bridge" title="Dean Bridge">Dean Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Waverley_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Waverley railway station">Edinburgh Waverley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forth_Bridge" title="Forth Bridge">Forth Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forth_Road_Bridge" title="Forth Road Bridge">Forth Road Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_IV_Bridge" title="George IV Bridge">George IV Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket_railway_station" title="Haymarket railway station">Haymarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bridge,_Edinburgh" title="North Bridge, Edinburgh">North Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bridge,_Edinburgh" title="South Bridge, Edinburgh">South Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craigmillar_Castle" title="Craigmillar Castle">Craigmillar Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redford_Barracks" title="Redford Barracks">Redford Barracks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Edinburgh" title="Category:Buildings and structures in Edinburgh">Category</a></b> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Buildings_in_Edinburgh" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Buildings in Edinburgh"><b>Commons</b></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Residential_buildings_in_Edinburgh331" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Residential_buildings_in_Edinburgh" title="Template:Residential buildings in Edinburgh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Residential_buildings_in_Edinburgh" title="Template talk:Residential buildings in Edinburgh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Residential_buildings_in_Edinburgh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Residential buildings in Edinburgh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Residential_buildings_in_Edinburgh331" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Residential buildings in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnbougle_Castle" title="Barnbougle Castle">Barnbougle Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavelaw_Castle" title="Bavelaw Castle">Bavelaw Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bute_House" title="Bute House">Bute House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cables_Wynd_House" title="Cables Wynd House">Cables Wynd House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Park" title="Caroline Park">Caroline Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_houses" title="Colony houses">Colony houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigcrook_Castle" title="Craigcrook Castle">Craigcrook Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cramond_Tower" title="Cramond Tower">Cramond Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmeny_House" title="Dalmeny House">Dalmeny House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Drum,_Edinburgh" title="The Drum, Edinburgh">The Drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundas_Castle" title="Dundas Castle">Dundas Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermits_and_Termits" title="Hermits and Termits">Hermits and Termits</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Holyrood Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamb%27s_House" title="Lamb's House">Lamb's House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberton_Tower" title="Liberton Tower">Liberton Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochend_House" title="Lochend House">Lochend House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martello_Court" title="Martello Court">Martello Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollock_Halls_of_Residence" title="Pollock Halls of Residence">Pollock Halls of Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_Garden" title="Ramsay Garden">Ramsay Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravelston_Garden" title="Ravelston Garden">Ravelston Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redford_Barracks" title="Redford Barracks">Redford Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Catharine%27s_Convent,_Edinburgh" title="St Catharine's Convent, Edinburgh">St Catharine's Convent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Harbour,_Edinburgh" title="Western Harbour, Edinburgh">Western Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitefoord_House" title="Whitefoord House">Whitefoord House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Converted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craigiehall" title="Craigiehall">Craigiehall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmahoy" title="Dalmahoy">Dalmahoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundas_House" title="Dundas House">Dundas House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladstone%27s_Land" title="Gladstone's Land">Gladstone's Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Georgian_House,_Edinburgh" title="The Georgian House, Edinburgh">The Georgian House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor%27s_House,_Edinburgh" title="Governor's House, Edinburgh">Governor's House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inch_House,_Edinburgh" title="Inch House, Edinburgh">Inch House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverleith_House" title="Inverleith House">Inverleith House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Knox_House" title="John Knox House">John Knox House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauriston_Castle" title="Lauriston Castle">Lauriston Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennox_Tower" title="Lennox Tower">Lennox Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchiston_Tower" title="Merchiston Tower">Merchiston Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panmure_House_(Edinburgh)" title="Panmure House (Edinburgh)">Panmure House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prestonfield_House" title="Prestonfield House">Prestonfield House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensberry_House" title="Queensberry House">Queensberry House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Leonard%27s_Hall" title="St Leonard's Hall">St Leonard's Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury_Green" title="Salisbury Green">Salisbury Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writers%27_Museum" title="Writers' Museum">Writers' Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Demolished<br />or ruined</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craiglockhart_Castle" title="Craiglockhart Castle">Craiglockhart Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigmillar_Castle" title="Craigmillar Castle">Craigmillar Castle</a></li> <li><a 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/146264108">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4217595-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh93000902">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Palace of Holyroodhouse (Edinburgh, Skotsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0315914&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007289883005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/structures/20048864">Structurae</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&oldid=1276457531">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_Palace&oldid=1276457531</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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