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class="mw-page-title-main">Cilician Gates</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بوابات قيليقية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابات قيليقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilikiya_qap%C4%B1lar%C4%B1" title="Kilikiya qapıları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kilikiya qapıları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Киликийска порта – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Киликийска порта" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porta_del_Ferro" title="Porta del Ferro – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Porta del Ferro" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilikische_Pforte" title="Kilikische Pforte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kilikische Pforte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%A0%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Κιλίκιες Πύλες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κιλίκιες Πύλες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puertas_Cilicias" title="Puertas Cilicias – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Puertas Cilicias" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilikia_pordo" title="Kilikia pordo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kilikia pordo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziliziar_Ateak" title="Ziliziar Ateak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ziliziar Ateak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%87" title="دروازه‌های کیلیکیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دروازه‌های کیلیکیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portes_de_Cilicie" title="Portes de Cilicie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Portes de Cilicie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portas_de_Cilicia" title="Portas de Cilicia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Portas de Cilicia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Կիլիկիայի դարպասներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կիլիկիայի դարպասներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerbang_Kilikia" title="Gerbang Kilikia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gerbang Kilikia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porte_della_Cilicia" title="Porte della Cilicia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Porte della Cilicia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%94" title="שערי קיליקיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שערי קיליקיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="კილიკიის კარი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კილიკიის კარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilikijos_Vartai" title="Kilikijos Vartai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kilikijos Vartai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="सिलिसियाचे द्वार – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिलिसियाचे द्वार" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_kilikiske_portene" title="De kilikiske portene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="De kilikiske portene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dei_kilikiske_portane" title="Dei kilikiske portane – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dei kilikiske portane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilikiya_darvozasi" title="Kilikiya darvozasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kilikiya darvozasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brama_Cylicyjska" title="Brama Cylicyjska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Brama Cylicyjska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portas_da_Cil%C3%ADcia" title="Portas da Cilícia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Portas da Cilícia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Por%C8%9Bile_Ciliciene" title="Porțile Ciliciene – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Porțile Ciliciene" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Киликийские Ворота – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Киликийские Ворота" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilikijska_vrata" title="Kilikijska vrata – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kilikijska vrata" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="சிலிசிய வாயில்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிலிசிய வாயில்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BClek_Bo%C4%9Faz%C4%B1" title="Gülek Boğazı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gülek Boğazı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Кілікійські ворота – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кілікійські ворота" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cilician_Gates&params=37_17_07_N_34_47_10_E_type:pass_region:TR_scale:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°17′07″N</span> <span class="longitude">34°47′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.28528°N 34.78611°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.28528; 34.78611</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BClek_Pass&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Gülek Pass">Gülek Pass</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pass through the Taurus Mountains</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:24.5em; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Cilician Gates</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Gülek Boğazı</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Puertas_Cil%C3%ADcias.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Puertas_Cil%C3%ADcias.jpg/280px-Puertas_Cil%C3%ADcias.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Puertas_Cil%C3%ADcias.jpg/420px-Puertas_Cil%C3%ADcias.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Puertas_Cil%C3%ADcias.jpg/560px-Puertas_Cil%C3%ADcias.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Gülek Pass</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Summit_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Summit (topography)">Elevation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,050 m (3,445 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Traversed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/O21-TR_sign.svg/59px-O21-TR_sign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="59" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/O21-TR_sign.svg/88px-O21-TR_sign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/O21-TR_sign.svg/118px-O21-TR_sign.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/E90-TR.svg/74px-E90-TR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/E90-TR.svg/110px-E90-TR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/E90-TR.svg/147px-E90-TR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Otoyol_21" title="Otoyol 21">O-21</a> / <a href="/wiki/European_route_E90" title="European route E90">E90</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Province" title="Mersin Province">Mersin Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_range" title="Mountain range">Range</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Taurus_Mountains" title="Taurus Mountains">Taurus Mountains</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cilician_Gates&params=37_17_07_N_34_47_10_E_type:pass_region:TR_scale:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°17′07″N</span> <span class="longitude">34°47′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.28528°N 34.78611°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.28528; 34.78611</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:272px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:272px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:272px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cilician Gates is located in Turkey"><img alt="Cilician Gates is located in Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/272px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/408px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/544px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="677" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:74.496%;left:47.888%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cilician Gates"><img alt="Cilician Gates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Cilician Gates</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Cilician Gates</b> or <b>Gülek Pass</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Mountain_pass" title="Mountain pass">pass</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Taurus_Mountains" title="Taurus Mountains">Taurus Mountains</a> connecting the low plains of <a href="/wiki/Cilicia" title="Cilicia">Cilicia</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Anatolia#Central_Plateau" title="Anatolia">Anatolian Plateau</a>, by way of the narrow gorge of the Gökoluk River. Its highest elevation is about 1000m.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Cilician Gates have been a major commercial and military artery for millennia.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 20th century, a narrow-gauge railway was built through them, and today, the Tarsus-Ankara Highway (<a href="/wiki/European_route_E90" title="European route E90">E90</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otoyol_21" title="Otoyol 21">O-21</a>) passes through them. </p><p>The southern end of the Cilician gates is about 44 km north of <a href="/wiki/Tarsus,_Mersin" title="Tarsus, Mersin">Tarsus</a> and the northern end leads to <a href="/wiki/Cappadocia" title="Cappadocia">Cappadocia</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilician_Gates&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Yumuktepe" title="Yumuktepe">Yumuktepe</a> (modern <a href="/wiki/Mersin" title="Mersin">Mersin</a>), which guards the <a href="/wiki/Adana" title="Adana">Adana</a> side of the gateway, with 23 layers of occupation, is at 4,500 BCE, one of the oldest fortified settlements in the world. The ancient pathway was a track for mule caravans, not wheeled vehicles. The <a href="/wiki/Hittites" title="Hittites">Hittites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sasanians" class="mw-redirect" title="Sasanians">Sasanians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Crusaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders">Crusaders</a> of the <a href="/wiki/First_Crusade" title="First Crusade">First Crusade</a> have all traveled this route during their campaigns. The Bible testifies that Saint <a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Tarsus" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul of Tarsus">Paul of Tarsus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silas" title="Silas">Silas</a> went this way as they went through Syria and Cilicia. The Book of <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Galatians" title="Epistle to the Galatians">Galatians</a> speaks of the cities of <a href="/wiki/Derbe" title="Derbe">Derbe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lystra" title="Lystra">Lystra</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Iconium" class="mw-redirect" title="Iconium">Iconium</a> - cities visited by Paul on his first journey (Acts 14; Gal. 1:2), with the purpose of strengthening their churches, at the beginning of the second preaching journey (Acts 15:40-41). </p><p>The distance from the Anatolian plateau to the Cilician plain is about 110 kilometres (68 mi). In ancient times, this was a journey of nearly five days. Saint Paul spoke, according to the Bible, about being in "dangers from rivers" and "dangers from robbers" (2 Cor. 11:26). This may explain why one of the world's oldest fortresses was built at the southeastern end of the Cilician Gates around 4500 BCE. The <a href="/wiki/Ten_Thousand_(Greek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten Thousand (Greek)">Army of the Ten Thousand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> before the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Issus" title="Battle of Issus">Battle of Issus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Tarsus" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul of Tarsus">Paul of Tarsus</a> on his way to the <a href="/wiki/Galatia" title="Galatia">Galatians</a>, and part of the army of the <a href="/wiki/First_Crusade" title="First Crusade">First Crusade</a> all passed through the Cilician Gates. The Crusaders allied themselves with the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia" title="Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia">Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Above the Gates to the southwest is <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClek" title="Gülek">Gülek</a> Kalesi (Armenian: <b>Kuklak</b>; Arab: <b>Kawlāk</b>), a large fortification of considerable antiquity that retains evidence of Byzantine and Arab periods of occupation, but is primarily an Armenian construction of the 12th and 13th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-edwards_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edwards-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its circuit walls and towers at the south and west cover a distance of over 450 meters. Below the Cilician Gates is the medieval Armenian fortress of Anahşa with its large horseshoe-shaped towers and three entrances.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in the vicinity of the Gates is a fort built in the 1830s by <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Pasha_of_Egypt" title="Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt">Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt</a> during his Syrian campaign against the Ottomans.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When German engineers were working on the <a href="/wiki/Baghdad_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Baghdad Railway">Baghdad Railway</a> between <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>, they were unable to follow the steep-pitched, narrow, and tightly winding ancient track through the Gates. The series of <a href="/wiki/Viaducts" class="mw-redirect" title="Viaducts">viaducts</a> and tunnels they built are among the marvels of railroad engineering;<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this route actually follows an ancient secondary road southeast from Pozantı, below Anahşa Dağı with its medieval Armenian fortress.<sup id="cite_ref-edwards_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edwards-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The railroad was opened in 1918; the <a href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge">narrow-gauge</a> working line moved <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> troops and war material to the <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamian</a> front in the closing months of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilician_Gates&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Cilician_Gates" title="Battle of the Cilician Gates">Battle of the Cilician Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilicia" title="Cilicia">Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilicia_(satrapy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cilicia (satrapy)">Cilicia (satrapy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClek" title="Gülek">Gülek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Gates" class="mw-redirect" title="Caspian Gates">Caspian Gates</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilician_Gates&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mersin.sehirrehberi.web.tr/Default.asp?id=2">"Mersin-Coğrafya"</a> (in Turkish). Mersin Şehir Rehberi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mersin-Co%C4%9Frafya&rft.pub=Mersin+%C5%9Eehir+Rehberi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mersin.sehirrehberi.web.tr%2FDefault.asp%3Fid%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACilician+Gates" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2024">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">W.L. Williams, <i>Armenia</i>, p. 8-11, quoted in <a href="/wiki/Josephus_Nelson_Larned" title="Josephus Nelson Larned">Josephus Nelson Larned</a>, <i>The new Larned History for ready reference, reading and research</i> <i>s.v.</i> "Armenia" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fTcFAAAAIAAJ">full text</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Mitchell Ramsay, <i>The historical geography of Asia Minor</i>, 1890, <i>passim</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0sZAAAAYAAJ">full text</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhazarian2000" class="citation book cs1">Ghazarian, Jacob G. (2000). <i>The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia During the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins, 1080-1393</i>. Routledge. p. 122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7007-1418-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7007-1418-9"><bdi>0-7007-1418-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Armenian+Kingdom+in+Cilicia+During+the+Crusades%3A+The+Integration+of+Cilician+Armenians+with+the+Latins%2C+1080-1393&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-7007-1418-9&rft.aulast=Ghazarian&rft.aufirst=Jacob+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACilician+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-edwards-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-edwards_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-edwards_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards1987" class="citation book cs1">Edwards, Robert W. (1987). <i>The Fortifications of Armenian Cilicia: Dumbarton Oaks Studies XXIII</i>. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, Trustees for Harvard University. pp. 62–65, 139–142, 281, 283, pls.6a-8b, 91a–94a. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88402-163-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-88402-163-7"><bdi>0-88402-163-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fortifications+of+Armenian+Cilicia%3A+Dumbarton+Oaks+Studies+XXIII&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=62-65%2C+139-142%2C+281%2C+283%2C+pls.6a-8b%2C+91a-94a&rft.pub=Dumbarton+Oaks%2C+Trustees+for+Harvard+University&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-88402-163-7&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Robert+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACilician+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The 1979 photographic survey and a plan of Anahşa castle <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://charlvarchive.org/Site/80">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Canard, “Cilicia,” <i>The Encyclopaedia of Islam,</i> new edition, 1960–85, p.38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trainsofturkey.com/w/pmwiki.php/Network/CilicianGates">"Trains of Turkey | Network / CilicianGates"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trains+of+Turkey+%26%23124%3B+Network+%2F+CilicianGates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trainsofturkey.com%2Fw%2Fpmwiki.php%2FNetwork%2FCilicianGates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACilician+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mersin_Province" title="Mersin Province">Mersin Province</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Settlements" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Settlements</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Center city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mersin" title="Mersin">Mersin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts <br />(İlçe)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akdeniz,_Mersin" title="Akdeniz, Mersin">Akdeniz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezitli" title="Mezitli">Mezitli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toroslar" title="Toroslar">Toroslar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeni%C5%9Fehir,_Mersin" title="Yenişehir, Mersin">Yenişehir</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anamur" title="Anamur">Anamur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1nc%C4%B1k,_Mersin" title="Aydıncık, Mersin">Aydıncık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozyaz%C4%B1" title="Bozyazı">Bozyazı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87aml%C4%B1yayla" title="Çamlıyayla">Çamlıyayla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdemli" title="Erdemli">Erdemli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClnar" title="Gülnar">Gülnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mut,_Mersin" title="Mut, Mersin">Mut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silifke" title="Silifke">Silifke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus,_Mersin" title="Tarsus, Mersin">Tarsus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">All settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_populated_places_in_Mersin_Province" title="List of populated places in Mersin Province">List of populated places in Mersin Province </a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culture</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_University" title="Mersin University">Mersin University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87a%C4%9F_University" title="Çağ University">Çağ University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_University" title="Tarsus University">Tarsus University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toros_University" title="Toros University">Toros University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Technical_University_Institute_of_Marine_Sciences" title="Middle East Technical University Institute of Marine Sciences">Middle East Technical University Institute of Marine Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alata_Research_Institute_of_Horticulture" title="Alata Research Institute of Horticulture">Alata Research Institute of Horticulture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums etc.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anamur_Museum" title="Anamur Museum">Anamur Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arslan_Eyce_Private_Amphora_Museum" title="Arslan Eyce Private Amphora Museum">Arslan Eyce Private Amphora Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdemli_Y%C3%B6r%C3%BCk_Museum" title="Erdemli Yörük Museum">Erdemli Yörük Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirler_Archaeological_Site_and_City_Forest_Museum" title="Emirler Archaeological Site and City Forest Museum">Emirler Archaeological Site and City Forest Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6zl%C3%BCkule_Research_Center" title="Gözlükule Research Center">Gözlükule Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Archaeological_Museum" title="Mersin Archaeological Museum">Mersin Archaeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Atat%C3%BCrk_Museum" title="Mersin Atatürk Museum">Mersin Atatürk Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Museum" title="Mersin Museum">Mersin Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Naval_Museum" title="Mersin Naval Museum">Mersin Naval Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_State_Art_and_Sculpture_Museum" title="Mersin State Art and Sculpture Museum">Mersin State Art and Sculpture Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Urban_History_Museum" title="Mersin Urban History Museum">Mersin Urban History Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Water_Museum" title="Mersin Water Museum">Mersin Water Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narl%C4%B1kuyu_Museum" title="Narlıkuyu Museum">Narlıkuyu Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silifke_Museum" title="Silifke Museum">Silifke Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silifke_Atat%C3%BCrk_Museum" title="Silifke Atatürk Museum">Silifke Atatürk Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_%C3%87anakkale_Park_Museum" title="Tarsus Çanakkale Park Museum">Tarsus Çanakkale Park Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_Museum" title="Tarsus Museum">Tarsus Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9Fucu_Atat%C3%BCrk_Museum" title="Taşucu Atatürk Museum">Taşucu Atatürk Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk_Monument_(Mersin)" title="Atatürk Monument (Mersin)">Atatürk Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Martyrs%27_Memorial" title="Mersin Martyrs' Memorial">Mersin Martyrs' Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Barbarossa_Memorial_(Silifke)" title="Frederick Barbarossa Memorial (Silifke)">Frederick Barbarossa Memorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeological <br />wealth</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamkayalar" title="Adamkayalar">Adamkayalar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkale" title="Akkale">Akkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ala_Bridge" title="Ala Bridge">Ala Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alahan_Monastery" title="Alahan Monastery">Alahan Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt%C4%B1ndan_ge%C3%A7me" title="Altından geçme">Altından geçme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchiale" title="Anchiale">Anchiale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_road_in_Tarsus" title="Ancient road in Tarsus">Ancient road in Tarsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anemurium" title="Anemurium">Anemurium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodisias_(Cilicia)" title="Aphrodisias (Cilicia)">Aphrodisias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena_relief_of_S%C3%B6mek" title="Athena relief of Sömek">Athena relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aulae_(Cilicia)" title="Aulae (Cilicia)">Aulai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aya_Tekla_Church" title="Aya Tekla Church">Aya Tekla Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C3%A7_Bridge" title="Baç Bridge">Baç Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balabolu" title="Balabolu">Balabolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belenke%C5%9Flik_Castle" title="Belenkeşlik Castle">Belenkeşlik Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canbazl%C4%B1_ruins" class="mw-redirect" title="Canbazlı ruins">Canbazlı ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla%27s_inscription" title="Caracalla's inscription">Caracalla's inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casemates_of_%C4%B0brahim_Pasha" title="Casemates of İbrahim Pasha">Casemates of İbrahim Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra%27s_gate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleopatra's gate">Cleopatra's gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corycus" title="Corycus">Corycus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87anak%C3%A7%C4%B1_rock_tombs" class="mw-redirect" title="Çanakçı rock tombs">Çanakçı rock tombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87and%C4%B1r_Castle" title="Çandır Castle">Çandır Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87at%C4%B1%C3%B6ren" title="Çatıören">Çatıören</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Da%C4%9Fl%C4%B1_Castle" title="Dağlı Castle">Dağlı Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikilita%C5%9F,_Mersin" title="Dikilitaş, Mersin">Dikilitaş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donukta%C5%9F" title="Donuktaş">Donuktaş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6rtayak" title="Dörtayak">Dörtayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C4%9Frib%C3%BCk" title="Eğribük">Eğribük (Palaiai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaiussa_Sebaste" title="Elaiussa Sebaste">Elaiussa Sebaste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirzeli" title="Emirzeli">Emirzeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evciler_Castle" title="Evciler Castle">Evciler Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_G%C3%B6me%C3%A7" title="Tower of Gömeç">Gömeç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6zl%C3%BCkule" title="Gözlükule">Gözlükule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6zne_Castle" title="Gözne Castle">Gözne Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClek_Castle" title="Gülek Castle">Gülek Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasanaliler_Church" title="Hasanaliler Church">Hasanaliler Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisarin_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisarin Castle">Hisarin Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbriogon" title="Imbriogon">Imbriogon (Demircili)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C5%9F%C4%B1kkale" title="Işıkkale">Işıkkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaba%C3%A7am" title="Kabaçam">Kabaçam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakabakl%C4%B1" title="Karakabaklı">Karakabaklı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelenderis_mosaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelenderis mosaic">Kelenderis mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1rkka%C5%9F%C4%B1k_Bedesten" title="Kırkkaşık Bedesten">Kırkkaşık Bedesten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1zlar_Kalesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kızlar Kalesi">Kızlar Kalesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilise_Tepe" title="Kilise Tepe">Kilise Tepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kravga_Bridge" title="Kravga Bridge">Kravga Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzucubelen_Castle" title="Kuzucubelen Castle">Kuzucubelen Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamas_Aqueduct" title="Lamas Aqueduct">Lamas Aqueduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampron" title="Lampron">Lampron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamure_Castle" title="Mamure Castle">Mamure Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manc%C4%B1n%C4%B1k_Castle" title="Mancınık Castle">Mancınık Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Danyal" title="Mausoleum of Danyal">Mausoleum of Danyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lliman" title="Kızılliman">Melenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meydan_Castle" title="Meydan Castle">Meydan Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meydanc%C4%B1k_Castle" title="Meydancık Castle">Meydancık Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezgitkale" title="Mezgitkale">Mezgitkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mut_Castle" title="Mut Castle">Mut Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagidos" title="Nagidos">Nagidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olba_(ancient_city)" title="Olba (ancient city)">Olba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olba_Aqueduct" title="Olba Aqueduct">Olba Aqueduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96k%C3%BCzl%C3%BC_ruins" class="mw-redirect" title="Öküzlü ruins">Öküzlü ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasha%27s_Tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasha's Tomb">Pasha's Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_road_in_Cilicia" title="Roman road in Cilicia">Roman road in Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul%27s_Well" title="Saint Paul's Well">Saint Paul's Well</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahmeran_Hamam" title="Shahmeran Hamam">Shahmeran Hamam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Bridge_(Silifke)" title="Stone Bridge (Silifke)">Silifke Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silifke_Castle" title="Silifke Castle">Silifke Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinap_Castle" title="Sinap Castle">Sinap Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinekkale" title="Sinekkale">Sinekkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softa_Castle" title="Softa Castle">Softa Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soli,_Cilicia" class="mw-redirect" title="Soli, Cilicia">Soli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapureli_ruins" title="Tapureli ruins">Tapureli ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9Fge%C3%A7it_Bridge" title="Taşgeçit Bridge">Taşgeçit Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9Fhan,_Mut" title="Taşhan, Mut">Taşhan, Mut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tece_Castle" title="Tece Castle">Tece Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekir_ambar%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Tekir ambarı">Tekir ambarı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekkad%C4%B1n_ruins" title="Tekkadın ruins">Tekkadın ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Jupiter_(Silifke)" title="Temple of Jupiter (Silifke)">Temple of Jupiter (Silifke)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C4%B1rm%C4%B1l" title="Tırmıl">Tırmıl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokmar_Castle" title="Tokmar Castle">Tokmar Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzuncabur%C3%A7_(Diokaesareia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uzuncaburç (Diokaesareia)">Uzuncaburç (Diokaesareia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%A7ayakl%C4%B1_ruins" title="Üçayaklı ruins">Üçayaklı ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veyselli_rock_reliefs" title="Veyselli rock reliefs">Veyselli rock reliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrior_relief_of_Efrenk" title="Warrior relief of Efrenk">Warrior relief of Efrenk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan%C4%B1khan" title="Yanıkhan">Yanıkhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelbiz_Castle" title="Yelbiz Castle">Yelbiz Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yumuktepe" title="Yumuktepe">Yumuktepe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Mezitli_Producer_Women%27s_Market" title="Mezitli Producer Women's Market">Mezitli Producer Women's Market</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Buildings_and_structures" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Buildings and structures</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Halkevi" title="Mersin Halkevi">Mersin Halkevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Congress_and_Exhibition_Center" title="Mersin Congress and Exhibition Center">Mersin Congress and Exhibition Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk_Cultural_Center_in_Mersin" title="Atatürk Cultural Center in Mersin">Atatürk Cultural Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNR_Yeni%C5%9Fehir_Exhibition_Center" title="CNR Yenişehir Exhibition Center">CNR Yenişehir Exhibition Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mertim" title="Mertim">Mertim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Aquapark" title="Mersin Aquapark">Mersin Aquapark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk_Park" title="Atatürk Park">Atatürk Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Marina" title="Mersin Marina">Mersin Marina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_Zoo" title="Tarsus Zoo">Tarsus Zoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mosques<br />and<br />madrasas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mu%C4%9Fdat_Mosque" title="Muğdat Mosque">Muğdat Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Mersin" title="Grand Mosque of Mersin">Grand Mosque of Mersin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Old_Mosque" title="Mersin Old Mosque">Mersin Old Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCft%C3%BC_Mosque" title="Müftü Mosque">Müftü Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_Old_Mosque" title="Tarsus Old Mosque">Tarsus Old Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Tarsus" title="Grand Mosque of Tarsus">Grand Mosque of Tarsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubat_Pasha_Medrese" class="mw-redirect" title="Kubat Pasha Medrese">Kubat Pasha Medrese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laal_Pasha_Mosque" title="Laal Pasha Mosque">Laal Pasha Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCzeloluk_Mosque" title="Güzeloluk Mosque">Güzeloluk Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Anthony,_Mersin" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St. Anthony, Mersin">Mersin Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS._Michael_and_Gabriel_Greek_Orthodox_Church,_Mersin" class="mw-redirect" title="SS. Michael and Gabriel Greek Orthodox Church, Mersin">Mersin Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul%27s_Church,_Tarsus" title="Saint Paul's Church, Tarsus">Saint Paul's Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cemeteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Interfaith_Cemetery" title="Mersin Interfaith Cemetery">Mersin Interfaith Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Memorial_Forest_in_Silifke" title="Cyprus Memorial Forest in Silifke">Cyprus Memorial Forest in Silifke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alak%C3%B6pr%C3%BC_Dam" title="Alaköprü Dam">Alaköprü Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berdan_Dam" title="Berdan Dam">Berdan Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birkap%C4%B1l%C4%B1_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Birkapılı Dam">Birkapılı Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gezende_Dam" title="Gezende Dam">Gezende Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1nc%C4%B1k_1_hydroelectric_power_plant" title="Kadıncık 1 hydroelectric power plant">Kadıncık 1 HES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1nc%C4%B1k_2_hydroelectric_power_plant" title="Kadıncık 2 hydroelectric power plant">Kadıncık 2 HES</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kayraktepe_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kayraktepe Dam (page does not exist)">Kayraktepe Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otluca_HES" title="Otluca HES">Otluca HES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamukluk_Dam" title="Pamukluk Dam">Pamukluk Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silifke_HES" title="Silifke HES">Silifke HES</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry and trade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATA%C5%9E_(Refinery)" class="mw-redirect" title="ATAŞ (Refinery)">ATAŞ (Refinery)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACS_Mersin" title="ACS Mersin">ACS Mersin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodakrom" class="mw-redirect" title="Sodakrom">Sodakrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87imsata%C5%9F" title="Çimsataş">Çimsataş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Free_Zone" title="Mersin Free Zone">Mersin Free Zone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Mersin_Province" title="Transport in Mersin Province">Transport in Mersin Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Harbor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mersin Harbor">Mersin Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9Fucu_Seka_Harbor" title="Taşucu Seka Harbor">Taşucu Seka Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye%C5%9Filovac%C4%B1k_Fishing_Port" title="Yeşilovacık Fishing Port">Yeşilovacık Fishing Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_railway_station" title="Mersin railway station">Mersin railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_railway_station" title="Tarsus railway station">Tarsus railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yenice_railway_station" title="Yenice railway station">Yenice railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C4%B1rm%C4%B1l_railway_station" title="Tırmıl railway station">Tırmıl railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karacailyas_railway_station" title="Karacailyas railway station">Karacailyas railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huzurkent_railway_station" title="Huzurkent railway station">Huzurkent railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9Fkent_railway_station" title="Taşkent railway station">Taşkent railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Bus_Terminus" title="Mersin Bus Terminus">Mersin Bus Terminus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ukurova_Regional_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Çukurova Regional Airport">Çukurova Regional Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0smet_%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC_Boulevard" title="İsmet İnönü Boulevard">İsmet İnönü Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_Menderes_Boulevard" title="Adnan Menderes Boulevard">Adnan Menderes Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazi_Mustafa_Kemal_Boulevard" title="Gazi Mustafa Kemal Boulevard">Gazi Mustafa Kemal Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushimoto_Street" title="Kushimoto Street">Kushimoto Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo%C4%9Fsak_Tunnel" title="Boğsak Tunnel">Boğsak Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Lighthouse" title="Mersin Lighthouse">Mersin Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anamur_Lighthouse" title="Anamur Lighthouse">Anamur Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1nc%C4%B1k_Lighthouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Aydıncık Lighthouse">Aydıncık Lighthouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edip_Buran_Arena" title="Edip Buran Arena">Edip Buran Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macit_%C3%96zcan_Sports_Complex" title="Macit Özcan Sports Complex">Macit Özcan Sports Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_District_7_Sports_Hall" title="Mersin District 7 Sports Hall">Mersin Seventh Region Sports Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Gymnastics_Hall" title="Mersin Gymnastics Hall">Mersin Gymnastics Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Mersin Arena">Mersin Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Olympic_Swimming_Pool" title="Mersin Olympic Swimming Pool">Mersin Olympic Swimming Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Tennis_Complex" title="Mersin Tennis Complex">Mersin Tennis Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Volleyball_Hall" title="Mersin Volleyball Hall">Mersin Volleyball Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezitli_Sports_Hall" title="Mezitli Sports Hall">Mezitli Sports Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevin_Yan%C4%B1t_Athletics_Complex" title="Nevin Yanıt Athletics Complex">Nevin Yanıt Athletics Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servet_Tazeg%C3%BCl_Arena" title="Servet Tazegül Arena">Servet Tazegül Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tevfik_S%C4%B1rr%C4%B1_G%C3%BCr_Stadium" title="Tevfik Sırrı Gür Stadium">Tevfik Sırrı Gür Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toroslar_Bocce_Facility" title="Toroslar Bocce Facility">Toroslar Bocce Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdemli_Shooting_Range" title="Erdemli Shooting Range">Erdemli Shooting Range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdemli_Sports_Hall" title="Erdemli Sports Hall">Erdemli Sports Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_City_Stadium" title="Tarsus City Stadium">Tarsus City Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_Arena" title="Tarsus Arena">Tarsus Arena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geographical_features" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Geographical features</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Gulf" class="mw-redirect" title="Mersin Gulf">Mersin Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradeniz" title="Paradeniz">Paradeniz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lba%C4%9F_Pond" title="Kızılbağ Pond">Kızılbağ Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arslank%C3%B6y_Pond" title="Arslanköy Pond">Arslanköy Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1nc%C4%B1k_Islands" title="Aydıncık Islands">Aydıncık Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babad%C4%B1l_Islands" title="Babadıl Islands">Babadıl Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo%C4%9Fsak_Islet" title="Boğsak Islet">Boğsak Islet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozyaz%C4%B1_Island" title="Bozyazı Island">Bozyazı Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Island" title="Dana Island">Dana Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCvercin_Islet" title="Güvercin Islet">Güvercin Islet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapl%C4%B1_Islet" title="Saplı Islet">Saplı Islet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelkenli_Island" title="Yelkenli Island">Yelkenli Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1lanl%C4%B1_Island" title="Yılanlı Island">Yılanlı Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Anamur" title="Cape Anamur">Cape Anamur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Tisan" title="Cape Tisan">Cape Tisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaledran_Creek" title="Kaledran Creek">Kaledran Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Creek_(Turkey)" title="Dragon Creek (Turkey)">Dragon Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sini_Creek" title="Sini Creek">Sini Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/So%C4%9Fuksu_Creek" title="Soğuksu Creek">Soğuksu Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babad%C4%B1l_Creek" title="Babadıl Creek">Babadıl Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ksu_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Göksu River">Göksu River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamas_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamas River">Lamas River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alata_River" title="Alata River">Alata River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karacao%C4%9Flan_River" title="Karacaoğlan River">Karacaoğlan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tece_Creek" title="Tece Creek">Tece Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezitli_River" title="Mezitli River">Mezitli River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efrenk_River" title="Efrenk River">Efrenk River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berdan_River" title="Berdan River">Berdan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_Waterfall" title="Tarsus Waterfall">Tarsus Waterfall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerk%C3%B6pr%C3%BC_Waterfall_(Mersin)" title="Yerköprü Waterfall (Mersin)">Yerköprü Fall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sertavul_Pass" title="Sertavul Pass">Sertavul Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClek_Pass" class="mw-redirect" title="Gülek Pass">Gülek Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karbo%C4%9Faz%C4%B1" title="Karboğazı">Karboğazı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karak%C4%B1z_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Karakız Lake">Karakız Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karabucak_Forest" title="Karabucak Forest">Karabucak Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1nc%C4%B1k_Nature_Park" title="Aydıncık Nature Park">Aydıncık Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9Fkum_Nature_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Gümüşkum Nature Park">Gümüşkum Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaek%C5%9Fi_Nature_Park" title="Karaekşi Nature Park">Karaekşi Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pullu_I_Nature_Park" title="Pullu I Nature Park">Pullu I Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdemli_Pine_Groove" title="Erdemli Pine Groove">Erdemli Pine Groove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanl%C4%B1divane" title="Kanlıdivane">Kanlıdivane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cennet_and_Cehennem" title="Cennet and Cehennem">Cennet and Cehennem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhayat_sinkhole" title="Akhayat sinkhole">Akhayat sinkhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egma_Sinkhole" title="Egma Sinkhole">Egma Sinkhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ukurp%C4%B1nar_Cave" title="Çukurpınar Cave">Çukurpınar Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1nc%C4%B1k_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Aydıncık Cave">Aydıncık Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yedi_Uyurlar_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Yedi Uyurlar Cave">Yedi Uyurlar Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisecik_Canyon" title="Kisecik Canyon">Kisecik Canyon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Province" title="Mersin Province">Mersin Province</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilician_Gates&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/a/turkey/cil_gates/gates.html">Livius.org: Cilician Gate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081026083821/http://www.livius.org/a/turkey/cil_gates/gates.html">Archived</a> 2008-10-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trainsofturkey.com/w/pmwiki.php/Network/CilicianGates">Railroad engineering through the Cilician Gates</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mountain_passes_of_Turkey" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mountain_passes_of_Turkey" title="Template:Mountain passes of Turkey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mountain_passes_of_Turkey" title="Template talk:Mountain passes of Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mountain_passes_of_Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mountain passes of Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mountain_passes_of_Turkey" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_passes_in_Turkey" title="List of mountain passes in Turkey">Mountain passes of Turkey</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanian_Gate" title="Amanian Gate">Bahçe Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belen_Pass" title="Belen Pass">Belen Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belkahve_Pass" title="Belkahve Pass">Belkahve Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87aykavak_Pass" title="Çaykavak Pass">Çaykavak Pass</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gülek Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCresentepe_Pass" title="Güresentepe Pass">Güresentepe Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karbo%C4%9Faz%C4%B1" title="Karboğazı">Karboğazı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lda%C4%9F_Pass" title="Kızıldağ Pass">Kızıldağ Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolsuz_Pass" title="Kolsuz Pass">Kolsuz Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kop_Pass" title="Kop Pass">Kop Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sertavul_Pass" title="Sertavul Pass">Sertavul Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigana_Pass" title="Zigana Pass">Zigana Pass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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