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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Between_Bush_administrations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Between_Bush_administrations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Between Bush administrations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Between_Bush_administrations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._Secretary_of_Labor_(2001–2009)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Secretary_of_Labor_(2001–2009)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>U.S. Secretary of Labor (2001–2009)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._Secretary_of_Labor_(2001–2009)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Union_disclosure_requirements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Union_disclosure_requirements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Union disclosure requirements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Union_disclosure_requirements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Response_to_9/11,_Hurricane_Katrina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Response_to_9/11,_Hurricane_Katrina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Response to 9/11, Hurricane Katrina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Response_to_9/11,_Hurricane_Katrina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_Accountability_Office_reports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_Accountability_Office_reports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.3</span> <span>Government Accountability Office reports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_Accountability_Office_reports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mining_regulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mining_regulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.4</span> <span>Mining regulation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mining_regulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Workplace_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Workplace_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.5</span> <span>Workplace safety</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Workplace_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Bush_administration_(2009–2017)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Bush_administration_(2009–2017)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Post-Bush administration (2009–2017)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Bush_administration_(2009–2017)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._Secretary_of_Transportation_(2017–2021)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Secretary_of_Transportation_(2017–2021)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>U.S. Secretary of Transportation (2017–2021)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._Secretary_of_Transportation_(2017–2021)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Drone_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drone_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>Drone technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drone_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19_responses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_responses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>COVID-19 responses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_responses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_proposals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_proposals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.3</span> <span>Other proposals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_proposals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.4</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Trump_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Trump_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Post-Trump administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Trump_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honorary_degrees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honorary_degrees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Awards and honorary degrees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honorary_degrees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personal life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Campaigning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaigning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Campaigning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaigning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Elaine Chao</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%88" title="إيلين تشاو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيلين تشاو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ایلین چاو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایلین چاو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chaov%C3%A1" title="Elaine Chaová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Elaine Chaová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ایلین چاو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایلین چاو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B8_%EC%B0%A8%EC%98%A4" title="일레인 차오 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="일레인 차오" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A6%27%D7%90%D7%95" title="איליין צ'או – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איליין צ'או" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena_Chao" title="Helena Chao – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Helena Chao" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ايلين تشاو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايلين تشاو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%82%AA" title="イレーン・チャオ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イレーン・チャオ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BE,_%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Чао, Элейн – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чао, Элейн" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2" title="อิเลน เชา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิเลน เชา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Елейн Чао – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Елейн Чао" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Elaine Chao" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%98%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%95" title="אילעין טשאו – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אילעין טשאו" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%B0%8F%E8%98%AD" title="趙小蘭 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="趙小蘭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American government official (born 1953)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Elaine Chao</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Elaine_Chao_official_portrait_2_(a).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Elaine_Chao_official_portrait_2_%28a%29.jpg/220px-Elaine_Chao_official_portrait_2_%28a%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Elaine_Chao_official_portrait_2_%28a%29.jpg/330px-Elaine_Chao_official_portrait_2_%28a%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Elaine_Chao_official_portrait_2_%28a%29.jpg/440px-Elaine_Chao_official_portrait_2_%28a%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="926" data-file-height="1158" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2019</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">18th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">United States Secretary of Transportation</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 31, 2017 – January 11, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_A._Rosen" title="Jeffrey A. Rosen">Jeffrey A. Rosen</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Steven_G._Bradbury" title="Steven G. Bradbury">Steven G. Bradbury</a> (acting)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Foxx" title="Anthony Foxx">Anthony Foxx</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Buttigieg" title="Pete Buttigieg">Pete Buttigieg</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">24th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">United States Secretary of Labor</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 29, 2001 – January 20, 2009</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Herman" title="Alexis Herman">Alexis Herman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hilda_Solis" title="Hilda Solis">Hilda Solis</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">12th <a href="/wiki/Peace_Corps#Leadership" title="Peace Corps">Director of the Peace Corps</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />October 8, 1991 – November 13, 1992</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Coverdell" title="Paul Coverdell">Paul Coverdell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Bellamy" title="Carol Bellamy">Carol Bellamy</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">4th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Deputy Secretary of Transportation">United States Deputy Secretary of Transportation</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />April 19, 1989 – October 18, 1991<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">George H. W. Bush</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Weyforth_Dawson" title="Mimi Weyforth Dawson">Mimi Weyforth Dawson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_B._Busey_IV" title="James B. Busey IV">James B. Busey IV</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Maritime_Commission" title="Federal Maritime Commission">Federal Maritime Commission</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />April 29, 1988 – April 19, 1989</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a><br />George H. W. Bush</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Edward Hickey</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_J._Carey" title="James J. Carey">James J. Carey</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Maritime_Commission#List_of_former_commissioners" title="Federal Maritime Commission">Commissioner of the Federal Maritime Commission</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />April 29, 1988 – April 19, 1989</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">Ronald Reagan<br />George H. W. Bush</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Edward Hickey</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Ming Hsu</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Elaine Lan Chao</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1953-03-26</span>) </span>March 26, 1953<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 71)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Taiwan<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(1953–1971)</li> <li>United States (1972–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1993)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Chao" title="Angela Chao">Angela Chao</a> (sister)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_S._C._Chao" title="James S. C. Chao">James S. C. Chao</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Mulan_Chu_Chao" title="Ruth Mulan Chu Chao">Ruth Mulan Chu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth College</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/MBA" class="mw-redirect" title="MBA">MBA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elainechao.com/">elainechao<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">趙小蘭</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">赵小兰</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Zhào Xiǎolán</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span>Chao<sup>4</sup> Hsiao<sup>3</sup>-lan<sup>2</sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" title="Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Chau Syaulan</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[ʈʂâʊ ɕjàʊ.lǎn]</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Ziu<sup>6</sup> Siu<sup>2</sup> Laan<sup>4</sup></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Elaine_Chao_thanks_truckers_during_the_Covid-19_Pandemic.ogg" title="File:Elaine Chao thanks truckers during the Covid-19 Pandemic.ogg">Elaine Chao's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="61" data-mwtitle="Elaine_Chao_thanks_truckers_during_the_Covid-19_Pandemic.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Elaine_Chao_thanks_truckers_during_the_Covid-19_Pandemic.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Elaine_Chao_thanks_truckers_during_the_Covid-19_Pandemic.ogg/Elaine_Chao_thanks_truckers_during_the_Covid-19_Pandemic.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Elaine Chao thanks truckers during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a><br />Recorded April 30, 2020</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Elaine Lan Chao</b> (born March 26, 1953) is an American businesswoman and former government official who served as <a href="/wiki/United_States_secretary_of_labor" class="mw-redirect" title="United States secretary of labor">United States secretary of labor</a> in the <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. Bush administration">administration</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> from 2001 to 2009 and as <a href="/wiki/United_States_secretary_of_transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="United States secretary of transportation">United States secretary of transportation</a> in the <a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">administration</a> of <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> from 2017 to 2021. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>, Chao was the first <a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian American</a> woman to serve in a <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">presidential cabinet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She resigned as transportation secretary after the <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a>. </p><p>Chao was born in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, to <i><a href="/wiki/Waishengren" title="Waishengren">waishengren</a></i> parents who fled China as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a>. She immigrated to the United States when she was eight years old. Her father founded the <a href="/wiki/Foremost_Group" title="Foremost Group">Foremost Group</a>, an American shipping company based in New York. Chao was raised in <a href="/wiki/Queens,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Queens, New York">Queens, New York</a>, and on <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>, and received degrees from <a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Business_School" title="Harvard Business School">Harvard Business School</a>. She worked for financial institutions before being appointed to senior positions in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation">Department of Transportation</a> under Presidents <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>, including chair of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Maritime_Commission" title="Federal Maritime Commission">Federal Maritime Commission</a> (1988–1989) and <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Secretary_of_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Secretary of Transportation">Deputy Secretary of Transportation</a> (1989–1991). She served as director of the <a href="/wiki/Peace_Corps" title="Peace Corps">Peace Corps</a> from 1991 to 1992 and as president of the <a href="/wiki/United_Way_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United Way of America">United Way of America</a> from 1993 to 1996. </p><p>Chao has served on several <i>Fortune</i> 500 and nonprofit <a href="/wiki/Boards_of_directors" class="mw-redirect" title="Boards of directors">boards of directors</a>, including the electric charger network provider <a href="/wiki/ChargePoint" title="ChargePoint">ChargePoint</a> since 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is married to U.S. senator <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elaine_Chao_in_1971_Red_%27n%27_White.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Elaine_Chao_in_1971_Red_%27n%27_White.jpg/170px-Elaine_Chao_in_1971_Red_%27n%27_White.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Elaine_Chao_in_1971_Red_%27n%27_White.jpg/255px-Elaine_Chao_in_1971_Red_%27n%27_White.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Elaine_Chao_in_1971_Red_%27n%27_White.jpg/340px-Elaine_Chao_in_1971_Red_%27n%27_White.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="755" /></a><figcaption>Chao in <a href="/wiki/Syosset_High_School" title="Syosset High School">Syosset High School</a>'s yearbook</figcaption></figure> <p>Elaine Chao was born in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, on March 26, 1953, and immigrated to the United States when she was eight years old. She is the eldest of six daughters of <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Mulan_Chu_Chao" title="Ruth Mulan Chu Chao">Ruth Mulan Chu Chao</a>, a historian from <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a>, and <a href="/wiki/James_S._C._Chao" title="James S. C. Chao">James S. C. Chao</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Shanghainese" title="Shanghainese">Shanghainese</a> businessman who began his career as a <a href="/wiki/Merchant_mariner" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant mariner">merchant mariner</a> and in 1964 founded the shipping company Foremost Maritime Corporation in New York City, which developed into the <a href="/wiki/Foremost_Group" title="Foremost Group">Foremost Group</a>. In 1961, at the age of 8, Chao came to the United States on a 37-day freight ship journey along with her mother and two younger sisters. Her father had arrived in New York three years earlier and sent money home until the rest of the family could join him in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-FTV_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTV-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao described her early life in America as a typical immigrant story, noting that "everything was foreign to us: the culture, people, language, traditions, and even the food."<sup id="cite_ref-Flynn-2014_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flynn-2014-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She spoke no English upon her arrival.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her father "worked three jobs" to support the family and the then-five family members lived in a one-bedroom apartment.<sup id="cite_ref-Flynn-2014_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flynn-2014-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao attended Tsai Hsing Elementary School in Taiwan for <a href="/wiki/Kindergarten" title="Kindergarten">kindergarten</a> and first grade.<sup id="cite_ref-FTV_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTV-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She attended <a href="/wiki/Syosset_High_School" title="Syosset High School">Syosset High School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Syosset,_New_York" title="Syosset, New York">Syosset, New York</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Nassau_County,_New_York" title="Nassau County, New York">Nassau County</a> on <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was <a href="/wiki/Naturalized_U.S._citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalized U.S. citizen">naturalized</a> as a U.S. citizen at the age of 19.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao received a Bachelor of Arts degree in <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">Economics</a> from <a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke College</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Hadley,_Massachusetts" title="South Hadley, Massachusetts">South Hadley, Massachusetts</a>. In the second semester of her junior year, she studied money and banking at <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth College</a>. She received an <a href="/wiki/MBA" class="mw-redirect" title="MBA">MBA</a> degree from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Business_School" title="Harvard Business School">Harvard Business School</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before being appointed to government work, Chao was a vice president for <a href="/wiki/Syndicated_loan" title="Syndicated loan">syndications</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America" title="Bank of America">Bank of America</a> Capital Markets Group in San Francisco, and she was an international banker at <a href="/wiki/Citicorp" class="mw-redirect" title="Citicorp">Citicorp</a> in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-bb_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bb-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was granted a <a href="/wiki/White_House_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Fellowship">White House Fellowship</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Reagan_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan Administration">Reagan Administration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Office_of_the_Assistant_Secretary_for_Administration_and_Management_-_Secretary_Elaine_Chao_Presents_Awards_at_the_2005_Honor_Awards_Ceremony_-_DPLA_-_7b912d5460eb9375a48628bd13d33f48_(page_287)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Office_of_the_Assistant_Secretary_for_Administration_and_Management_-_Secretary_Elaine_Chao_Presents_Awards_at_the_2005_Honor_Awards_Ceremony_-_DPLA_-_7b912d5460eb9375a48628bd13d33f48_%28page_287%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Office_of_the_Assistant_Secretary_for_Administration_and_Management_-_Secretary_Elaine_Chao_Presents_Awards_at_the_2005_Honor_Awards_Ceremony_-_DPLA_-_7b912d5460eb9375a48628bd13d33f48_%28page_287%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Office_of_the_Assistant_Secretary_for_Administration_and_Management_-_Secretary_Elaine_Chao_Presents_Awards_at_the_2005_Honor_Awards_Ceremony_-_DPLA_-_7b912d5460eb9375a48628bd13d33f48_%28page_287%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1047" data-file-height="1184" /></a><figcaption>Chao in 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1986, Chao became Deputy Administrator of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Maritime_Administration" title="United States Maritime Administration">Maritime Administration</a> in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Transportation">U.S. Department of Transportation</a>. From 1988 to 1989, she served as chairwoman of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Maritime_Commission" title="Federal Maritime Commission">Federal Maritime Commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1989, then-president George H.W. Bush nominated Chao to be Deputy Secretary of Transportation; she served from 1989 to 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-picks_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-picks-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1991 to 1992, she was the director of the Peace Corps.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was the first <a href="/wiki/Asian_Pacific_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian Pacific American">Asian Pacific American</a> to serve in any of these positions. She expanded the Peace Corps' presence in Eastern Europe and Central Asia by establishing the first Peace Corps programs in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, and the newly independent states of the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, including the first Peace Corps programs in Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia and Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Between_Bush_administrations">Between Bush administrations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Between Bush administrations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following her service in President George H.W. Bush's administration, Chao worked from 1992 to 1996 as president and CEO of United Way of America.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was the first Asian Pacific American to hold that role. She is credited with returning credibility and public trust to the organization after a financial mismanagement scandal involving former president <a href="/wiki/William_Aramony" title="William Aramony">William Aramony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1996 until her appointment as Secretary of Labor, Chao worked at a <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Think_tank" title="Think tank">think tank</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was also a board member of the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Women%27s_Forum" title="Independent Women's Forum">Independent Women's Forum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ronnee_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ronnee-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She later returned to think tanks after leaving the government in January 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-know_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-know-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao delivered a speech at the <a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_National_Convention" title="2000 Republican National Convention">2000 Republican National Convention</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._Secretary_of_Labor_(2001–2009)"><span id="U.S._Secretary_of_Labor_.282001.E2.80.932009.29"></span>U.S. Secretary of Labor (2001–2009)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: U.S. Secretary of Labor (2001–2009)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elaine_Chao_large.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Elaine_Chao_large.jpg/200px-Elaine_Chao_large.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Elaine_Chao_large.jpg/300px-Elaine_Chao_large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Elaine_Chao_large.jpg/400px-Elaine_Chao_large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2740" data-file-height="3425" /></a><figcaption>Official Secretary of Labor photo</figcaption></figure> <p>Chao was the only cabinet member in the <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. Bush administration">George W. Bush administration</a> to serve for the entirety of his eight years.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was also the longest-serving Secretary of Labor since <a href="/wiki/Frances_Perkins" title="Frances Perkins">Frances Perkins</a>, who served from 1933 to 1945 under President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chao was unanimously confirmed by the Senate for her appointment as Secretary of Labor.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of Chao's staff, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Lipnic" title="Victoria Lipnic">Victoria Lipnic</a>, Assistant Secretary for Employment Standards Administration, later became Member, EEOC and acting chair. </p><p>In 2004, the department issued revisions of the white-collar overtime regulations under the <a href="/wiki/Fair_Labor_Standards_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Fair Labor Standards Act">Fair Labor Standards Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Union_disclosure_requirements">Union disclosure requirements</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Union disclosure requirements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2002, a major West Coast ports dispute costing the U.S. economy nearly $1<span class="nowrap"> </span>billion daily was resolved when the Bush administration obtained a national emergency <a href="/wiki/Injunction" title="Injunction">injunction</a> against both the employers and the union under the <a href="/wiki/Taft%E2%80%93Hartley_Act" title="Taft–Hartley Act">Taft–Hartley Act</a> for the first time since 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Led by Chao, in 2003, for the first time in more than 40 years, the department updated the labor union financial disclosure regulations under the <a href="/wiki/Landrum%E2%80%93Griffin_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Landrum–Griffin Act">Landrum–Griffin Act</a> of 1959, which created more extensive disclosure requirements for union-sponsored pension plans and other trusts to prevent embezzlement or other financial mismanagement.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Response_to_9/11,_Hurricane_Katrina"><span id="Response_to_9.2F11.2C_Hurricane_Katrina"></span>Response to 9/11, Hurricane Katrina</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Response to 9/11, Hurricane Katrina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Terrorist_attacks_of_September_11,_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001">terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001</a>, Chao's Department of Labor disbursed grants to provide temporary jobs to assist in cleanup and restoration efforts in New York, as well as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's monitoring of health and safety of <a href="/wiki/Rescue_and_recovery_effort_after_the_September_11_attacks_on_the_World_Trade_Center" title="Rescue and recovery effort after the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center">cleanup work</a> being performed at the disaster sites including lower Manhattan. The department also provided unemployment insurance and income support to those who lost their jobs in the aftermath of September 11.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MassTransit_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MassTransit-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the 2005 hurricane season, which included hurricanes <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Katrina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Rita" title="Hurricane Rita">Rita</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Wilma" title="Hurricane Wilma">Wilma</a>, the Labor Department disbursed nearly $380 million in grants to assist with cleanup work and provide benefits and services to those displaced by the storms. The Occupational Health and Safety Administration and other agencies deployed personnel to the region to provide safety training and uphold workers' rights. Chao set up an emergency response hotline dedicated to the Gulf Coast region for people seeking benefits and worker protection information.<sup id="cite_ref-MassTransit_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MassTransit-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Government_Accountability_Office_reports">Government Accountability Office reports</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Government Accountability Office reports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After analyzing 70,000 closed case files from 2005 to 2007, the <a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a> reported that the Department's <a href="/wiki/Wage_and_Hour_Division" title="Wage and Hour Division">Wage and Hour Division</a> (WHD) inadequately investigated complaints from low- and <a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_the_United_States" title="Minimum wage in the United States">minimum-wage</a> workers alleging that employers failed to pay the <a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_the_United_States" title="Minimum wage in the United States">federal minimum wage</a>, required overtime, and failed to issue a last paycheck.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Department of Labor responded that the GAO investigation focused on individual complaints while the department remained focused on resolving complex and multi-employee complaints; from 1997 to 2007 the annual number of employees receiving back wages as a result of DOL action almost doubled and the dollar amount of back wages paid more than doubled.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> echoed that Chao's department was criticized by some for "walking away from its regulatory function" but also praised by others for providing "compliance assistance" and "helping companies abide by the law" rather than "punitive enforcement that … stifles economic growth."<sup id="cite_ref-Fletcher_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fletcher-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2008 <a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a> report noted that the Labor Department gave Congress inaccurate numbers which understated the expense of contracting out its employees' work to private firms during Chao's tenure, which may have affected 22 employees at the department.<sup id="cite_ref-WashP_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WashP-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mining_regulation">Mining regulation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Mining regulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chao and the Bush administration proposed quadrupling the fines imposed against mining corporations for mine safety breaches and sued mine operators for failing to maintain safe working conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2007 report by the department's <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Inspector_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Inspector General">Office of Inspector General</a> (OIG) found that mine safety regulators did not conduct federally required inspections at more than one in seven of the country's 731 underground coal mines in 2006, and that the number of worker deaths in mining accidents more than doubled to 47 in that year.<sup id="cite_ref-hsu_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsu-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fletcher_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fletcher-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) "missed 147 inspections at 107 mines employing a total of 7,500 workers".<sup id="cite_ref-hsu_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsu-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mining disasters in 2006 and 2007 included West Virginia's <a href="/wiki/Sago_Mine_disaster" title="Sago Mine disaster">Sago Mine explosion</a>, which killed 12 in January 2006;<sup id="cite_ref-hsu_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsu-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> West Virginia's <a href="/wiki/Aracoma_Alma_Mine_accident" title="Aracoma Alma Mine accident">Alma Mine fire</a>, which killed two in January 2006;<sup id="cite_ref-victory_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-victory-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Darby_Mine_No._1_disaster" title="Darby Mine No. 1 disaster">Darby Mine No.<span class="nowrap"> </span>1 explosion</a> in Kentucky, where five miners died in May 2006;<sup id="cite_ref-hsu_44-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsu-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Crandall_Canyon_Mine" title="Crandall Canyon Mine">Crandall Canyon Mine collapse</a> in Utah, which killed six workers and three rescuers in August 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-hsu_44-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsu-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Immediately following the Sago mine disaster, Secretary Chao vowed to "take the necessary steps to ensure that this never happens again".<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, the widows of the two men killed in the Alma Mine fire sued the federal government for wrongful death, citing lack of inspections, failure to act against violations, and conflicts of interest.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jj140929_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jj140929-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "MSHA's review of the fire acknowledged significant lapses by inspectors, supervisors and district managers" at the mine but the agency did not admit liability for the negligent inspections.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MSAH_settles_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSAH_settles-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, the appeals court ruled that MSHA can be held liable "when a negligent inspection results in the wrongful death of a coal miner".<sup id="cite_ref-MSAH_settles_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSAH_settles-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The suit was settled in 2014; MSHA also agreed to develop a training course on preventing fires in underground mines.<sup id="cite_ref-jj140929_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jj140929-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MSAH_settles_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSAH_settles-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Workplace_safety">Workplace safety</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Workplace safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During her tenure, the Department of Labor achieved "record low worker injury, illness and fatality rates; record back wages recovered; [and] record monetary recoveries for workers’ pension plans".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2009 internal audit appraising an <a href="/wiki/Occupational_Safety_and_Health_Administration" title="Occupational Safety and Health Administration">Occupational Safety and Health Administration</a> (OSHA) initiative focusing on problematic workplaces for the past six years stated that employees had failed to gather needed data, conducted uneven inspections and enforcement, and failed to discern repeat fatalities because records misspelled the companies' names or failed to notice when two subsidiaries with the same owner were involved; it also noted that after rules changes in January 2008 the number of targeted companies declined by almost half.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Bush_administration_(2009–2017)"><span id="Post-Bush_administration_.282009.E2.80.932017.29"></span>Post-Bush administration (2009–2017)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Post-Bush administration (2009–2017)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, Chao resumed her previous role at a think tank,<sup id="cite_ref-know_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-know-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and she contributed to <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> and other media outlets.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She also served as a director on a number of corporate and non-profit boards,<sup id="cite_ref-bb_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bb-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cepr_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cepr-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Institute_of_Politics" title="Harvard Institute of Politics">Institute of Politics</a> at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Kennedy_School" title="Harvard Kennedy School">Harvard Kennedy School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wells_Fargo" title="Wells Fargo">Wells Fargo</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/New_York%E2%80%93Presbyterian_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="New York–Presbyterian Hospital">New York–Presbyterian Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/News_Corp" title="News Corp">News Corp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dole_Food_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Dole Food Company">Dole Food Company</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Protective_Life_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protective Life Corporation">Protective Life Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to financial disclosure forms, Chao was slated to receive $1–5<span class="nowrap"> </span>million as compensation for her service on the board of Wells Fargo.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2011, she was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodrow Wilson Award">Woodrow Wilson Award</a> for Public Service.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2015, she resigned from the board of <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Philanthropies" title="Bloomberg Philanthropies">Bloomberg Philanthropies</a>, which she had joined in 2012,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> because of its plans to significantly increase support for the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Beyond_Coal" title="Beyond Coal">Beyond Coal</a>" initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> reported that Chao was paid by a speaker's bureau to give a speech regarding women's empowerment to an organization later found to be linked to the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Mujahedin_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Mujahedin of Iran">People's Mujahedin of Iran</a> (aka Mojahedin-e Khalq or MEK), a group exiled from Iran after actions in the 1970s against the Shah of Iran and the Ayatollah Khomeini. Similar speeches were delivered by former Joint Chiefs of Staff General <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Shelton" title="Hugh Shelton">Hugh Shelton</a>, Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps General <a href="/wiki/James_T._Conway" title="James T. Conway">James T. Conway</a>, former National Security Advisor General <a href="/wiki/James_L._Jones" title="James L. Jones">James L. Jones</a>, former CIA Directors <a href="/wiki/Porter_Goss" title="Porter Goss">Porter Goss</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Woolsey" title="James Woolsey">James Woolsey</a>, former FBI Director <a href="/wiki/Louis_Freeh" title="Louis Freeh">Louis Freeh</a>, former <a href="/wiki/NYC" class="mw-redirect" title="NYC">NYC</a> Mayor <a href="/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani" title="Rudy Giuliani">Rudy Giuliani</a>, and former Governors <a href="/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean">Howard Dean</a> of Vermont and <a href="/wiki/Ed_Rendell" title="Ed Rendell">Ed Rendell</a> of Pennsylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._Secretary_of_Transportation_(2017–2021)"><span id="U.S._Secretary_of_Transportation_.282017.E2.80.932021.29"></span>U.S. Secretary of Transportation (2017–2021)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: U.S. Secretary of Transportation (2017–2021)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elaine_Chao_at_confirmation_hearing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Elaine_Chao_at_confirmation_hearing.jpg/220px-Elaine_Chao_at_confirmation_hearing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Elaine_Chao_at_confirmation_hearing.jpg/330px-Elaine_Chao_at_confirmation_hearing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Elaine_Chao_at_confirmation_hearing.jpg/440px-Elaine_Chao_at_confirmation_hearing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Chao at her confirmation hearing to be Secretary of Transportation</figcaption></figure> <p>U.S. President-elect Donald Trump announced on November 29, 2016, that he would nominate Chao to be Secretary of Transportation.<sup id="cite_ref-picks_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-picks-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The U.S. Senate confirmed Chao on January 31, 2017, by a vote of 93–6, with her husband, then-Senate majority leader <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a>, abstaining.<sup id="cite_ref-TransportVote_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TransportVote-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2017_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2017-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Secretary of Transportation, Chao led the presidential delegation to the enthronement ceremony for <a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Japanese emperor Naruhito</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She led the U.S. delegation to the inauguration of Indonesia's President <a href="/wiki/Joko_Widodo" title="Joko Widodo">Joko Widodo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Resignation following January 6</b> </p><p>On January 7, 2021, the day after the <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a>, Chao submitted her resignation effective January 11, 2021. She was then the highest-ranking member of the administration to resign due to the riots and the first cabinet officer to do so; her resignation cited the "traumatic and entirely avoidable" violence and stated that it "deeply troubled" her.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Drone_technology">Drone technology</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Drone technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2017, Chao announced the establishment of a pilot program to test and evaluate the integration of civil and public drone operations into the airspace system.<sup id="cite_ref-Commercial_UAV_News_2017_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Commercial_UAV_News_2017-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018 ten applicants were selected to participate in the project.<sup id="cite_ref-Avionics_2018_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avionics_2018-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Administration" title="Federal Aviation Administration">Federal Aviation Administration</a> (FAA) issued an air carrier and operator certificate to <a href="/wiki/UPS_Flight_Forward" title="UPS Flight Forward">UPS Flight Forward</a> for drone deliveries to a hospital campus in Raleigh, North Carolina.<sup id="cite_ref-CBS_News_2019_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBS_News_2019-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2019, after multiple reports in Colorado and Nebraska of unidentified objects flying in formation at night over several remote rural counties, the FAA proposed a new rule that would require drones to be remotely identifiable.<sup id="cite_ref-Condon_2020_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Condon_2020-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COVID-19_responses">COVID-19 responses</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: COVID-19 responses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2020, following the start of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_outbreak" class="mw-redirect" title="COVID-19 outbreak">COVID-19 outbreak</a> and related changes to travel, Chao sternly warned airlines to follow their published ticket refund procedures, as well as DOT regulations, in light of high demand for travel changes.<sup id="cite_ref-Josephs-2020_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Josephs-2020-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She demanded airlines provide cash refunds (as opposed to vouchers) when required by law, and urged them to provide cash refunds as broadly as possible.<sup id="cite_ref-Josephs-2020_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Josephs-2020-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao later announced the disbursement of $1.2 billion in grants to airports to maintain readiness for when passenger travel returned. The funds were distributed to 405 airports for infrastructure and safety improvements, such as improved runway lighting.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eight tribal governments were also awarded separate transportation funds to maintain infrastructure during COVID.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao also worked to permit truckers to deliver essential goods to New York City, which had been attempting to impose a 14-day quarantine on out-of-state truckers bringing goods into the city. The city dropped the requirement following federal government pressure.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her department also worked with state governments to maintain access to highway rest areas, including permitting food trucks to provide hot food to truckers and travelers. </p><p>The CARES Act enabled the Department of Transportation to make $114 billion of federal aid available for the transportation sector.  The largest allocation was $25 billion to support local public transit systems, of which $22.7 billion was dedicated to large and small urban areas and the remaining $2.2 billion for rural areas. The Act also made available $10 billion for grants to commercial and general aviation airports for capital expenditures, operating expenses such as payroll and utilities, and debt payments; and a $1.02 billion allocation for grants to Amtrak to cover lost revenues, buy fuel and construction materials, and maintain its route network. The CARES Act also enabled the department to provide assistance to the aviation sector through loans and loan guarantees and grants for worker and contractor pay and benefits.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_proposals">Other proposals</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Other proposals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2019, Chao announced the formation of the Non-Traditional and Emerging Transportation Technology (NETT) Council, an internal Department of Transportation group for identifying "jurisdictional and regulatory gaps" when considering new transportation technologies.<sup id="cite_ref-Laris_2019_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laris_2019-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2019, the FAA released proposed new regulations to modernize the rules for commercial space flight launches and reentries. At a congressional hearing in July 2019, the president of the <a href="/wiki/Commercial_Spaceflight_Federation" title="Commercial Spaceflight Federation">Commercial Spaceflight Federation</a> criticized the proposal as not delivering on its stated goals.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2019, Chao launched the Rural Opportunities to Use Transportation for Economic Success (ROUTES) initiative, intended to improve rural transportation infrastructure.  It sought to achieve this goal by developing tools and information, aggregating DOT resources, and providing technical assistance. The program is intended to consider the unique needs of rural transportation networks to meet national goals of safety, mobility, and economic competitiveness.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The US Department of Transportation reportedly sought to cut funding and loan guarantees for domestic American shipping companies, shipyards, and shipbuilders. These proposed budget cuts were rejected by Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-bridge_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bridge-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chao's Department also sought for three years to prevent funding for a program that supports the viability of small domestic US shipyards, and a separate program that issues loan guarantees for the construction or reconstruction of ships with American registration.<sup id="cite_ref-bridge_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bridge-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Controversies">Controversies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2013, liberal SuperPAC Progress Kentucky tweeted about Mitch McConnell's "Chinese wife" and alleged that she is why "your job moved to China." The tweets were removed following an investigation by NPR that noted Chao was a U.S. citizen, was born in Taiwan, and that the PAC had failed to file required disclosures.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A similar message by a Kentucky Democrat in 2014 claimed that Chao "isn't from KY [Kentucky], she is Asian." An apology was issued by the Kentucky Democratic Party.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021 Chao spoke publicly against incidents of anti-Asian harassment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Critics have claimed that her family's shipping company, <a href="/wiki/Foremost_Group" title="Foremost Group">Foremost Group</a> has ties to China.<sup id="cite_ref-bridge_85-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bridge-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From January 2018 to April 2019, 72% of the total tonnage of chartered cargo shipped by Foremost was shipped to and from China.<sup id="cite_ref-bridge_85-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bridge-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During Mitch McConnell's reelection campaign in 2020, his Democratic opponent Amy McGrath accused McConnell of making "millions from China." <i>The Washington Post</i> called these claims "spurious" and rated them "three Pinocchios" out of a possible four.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Secretary of Transportation, Chao appeared in at least a dozen interviews with her 96-year-old father, James, the founder of her family's shipping company. Some media outlets said the appearances raised ethical concerns, as public officials are prohibited from using their office to profit others or themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-father_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-father-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Transportation Department's inspector general cited numerous instances where Chao's office helped promote her family's shipping business.<sup id="cite_ref-misuse_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-misuse-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The inspector general asked the Trump administration's Justice Department in December 2020 to consider a criminal investigation into Chao, but the DOJ denied the request.<sup id="cite_ref-misuse_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-misuse-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Federal disclosures cited by <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> revealed a gift to Chao and her husband from Chao's father valued between $5<span class="nowrap"> </span>million and $25<span class="nowrap"> </span>million.<sup id="cite_ref-bridge_85-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bridge-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao pledged in 2017 to divest into cash the "<a href="/wiki/Stock_based_compensation" class="mw-redirect" title="Stock based compensation">deferred stock units</a>" (non-transferrable stock equivalents) she had earned while she was on the board of directors of <a href="/wiki/Vulcan_Materials" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulcan Materials">Vulcan Materials</a><sup id="cite_ref-divest_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-divest-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by April 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-pledge_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pledge-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sell_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sell-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Wall Street Journal and other major news outlets reported in late May 2019 that she was still holding the stock, worth $250,000 to $500,000, she sold it on June 3, 2019,<sup id="cite_ref-sell_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sell-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-divest_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-divest-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for a gain of $50,000 since April 2018; a report by the Inspector General did "not identify any evidence of a financial conflict of interest."<sup id="cite_ref-sell_93-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sell-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An October 2018 Politico analysis found that Chao had more than 290 hours of appointments which were labelled as "private" during working hours on working days in the first 14 months of her tenure as Secretary of Transportation, which former Department of Transportation officials described as unusual. DoT officials stated that the "private" labeling existed to help ensure Chao's security.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2019, <i>Politico</i> reported that in 2017 Chao had designated her aide Todd Inman as a special liaison "to help with grant applications and other priorities" for Transportation Department projects in the state of <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, the only state to have such a liaison. Inman was to act as an intermediary between the department, local Kentucky officials, and Kentucky Senator Mitch McConnell, who is Chao's husband. This resulted in grants of at least $78<span class="nowrap"> </span>million for projects in Mitch McConnell strongholds <a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Kentucky" title="Boone County, Kentucky">Boone County</a> and <a href="/wiki/Owensboro" class="mw-redirect" title="Owensboro">Owensboro</a>. Inman had worked on the 2008 and 2014 re-election campaigns of McConnell; McConnell and local officials brought up the grants when he announced in Owensboro in December 2018 that he was running for re-election in 2020. Inman later became Chao's chief of staff. However, the Inspector General "did not find any irregularities" with respect to grants benefitting Kentucky and saw awards to Kentucky that were "consistent with other States' results" and "did not find evidence of steering" and concluded that the investigation "did not uncover evidence that Mr. Inman influenced grant awards benefiting Kentucky or gave Kentucky applicants an improper advantage."<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2020, the Trump administration removed the acting Inspector General of the Transportation Department, Mitch Behm. Behm, who was not a political appointee, was conducting an investigation into whether Secretary Elaine Chao was giving preferential treatment to projects in Kentucky. Her husband, Mitch McConnell, is the Senator of Kentucky and faced a re-election bid at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump appointed Howard "Skip" Elliott as interim Inspector General of the Transportation Department to replace Behm. However, at the same time, Elliott served in a dual role where Chao was his boss. Thus, Elliott was head of an office that was investigating his own actions and those of Chao.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2019, the Democratic-controlled House of Representatives <a href="/wiki/Committee_on_Oversight_and_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee on Oversight and Reform">Committee on Oversight and Reform</a> began an investigation into whether she used political office to benefit her family's business interests.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A September 16 letter from the Oversight committee to Chao documented allegations that the Department of Transportation was forced to cancel a trip to China in 2017 that Chao had planned to take because State Department ethics officials challenged her attempts to include her family members in official meetings with the Chinese government. The trip was canceled due to scheduling issues and no ethics charges were sustained.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 4, 2021, the Inspector General released their report regarding numerous ethics violations,<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including using department resources for personal errands and for promoting her father's biography.<sup id="cite_ref-chao_npr_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chao_npr-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also stated that it had referred its investigation to the Justice Department and the U.S. Attorney's Office in Washington D.C. for criminal prosecution in December 2020. Both declined to open criminal investigations into Chao.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After her resignation in January 2021 in protest over the <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a>, President Trump referred to Chao using a racial slur and labeled the Taiwan-born US citizen as a "China lover."<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The slur was immediately condemned by Republican, Democratic, Asian-American and other community leaders including the CEO of the Anti-Defamation League.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump also referred to Chao as "crazy."<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Trump_administration">Post-Trump administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Post-Trump administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elaine_Chao_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Elaine_Chao_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/170px-Elaine_Chao_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Elaine_Chao_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/255px-Elaine_Chao_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Elaine_Chao_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/340px-Elaine_Chao_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2544" data-file-height="3367" /></a><figcaption>Chao speaking at an event in June 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>In August 2021, Chao was elected to the board of directors of the <a href="/wiki/Kroger" title="Kroger">Kroger</a> supermarket chain.<sup id="cite_ref-IBTimes-ChaoKroger_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBTimes-ChaoKroger-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, Chao also joined the Board of Trustees of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards_and_honorary_degrees">Awards and honorary degrees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Awards and honorary degrees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chao holds 38 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_doctorates" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary doctorates">honorary doctorates</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including an honorary <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Humane_Letters" title="Doctor of Humane Letters">Doctor of Humane Letters</a> from Georgetown <a href="/wiki/McDonough_School_of_Business" title="McDonough School of Business">McDonough School of Business</a> in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was initiated into <a href="/wiki/Omicron_Delta_Kappa" title="Omicron Delta Kappa">Omicron Delta Kappa</a> at SUNY Plattsburgh as an <i>honoris causa</i> initiate in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, inaugural class of winner of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Immigrants_Award" title="Great Immigrants Award">Great Immigrants Award</a> named by <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Corporation_of_New_York" title="Carnegie Corporation of New York">Carnegie Corporation of New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>Chao and her husband, <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1993, Chao married <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Kentucky">U.S. Senator from Kentucky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-girding_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-girding-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisville" title="University of Louisville">University of Louisville</a>'s Ekstrom Library opened the "McConnell-Chao Archives" in November 2009. It is a major component of the university's <a href="/wiki/McConnell_Center" title="McConnell Center">McConnell Center</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From July 2022 onward, Trump had criticized McConnell's leadership on social media and directed "overtly racist" attacks at Chao, including calling her "Coco Chow". In a statement to <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> in January 2023, Chao said that people had "deliberately misspelled or mispronounced my name. Asian Americans have worked hard to change that experience for the next generation. He doesn’t seem to understand that, which says a whole lot more about him than it will ever say about Asian Americans."<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaigning">Campaigning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Campaigning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the two years leading up to the <a href="/wiki/2014_U.S._Senate_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 U.S. Senate elections">2014 U.S. Senate elections</a>, during which time Chao was not in public office, Chao "headlined fifty of her own events and attended hundreds more with and on behalf of" her husband and was seen as "a driving force of his reelection campaign" and eventual victory over <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Alison_Lundergan_Grimes" title="Alison Lundergan Grimes">Alison Lundergan Grimes</a>, who had portrayed McConnell as "anti-woman".<sup id="cite_ref-secret_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-secret-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After winning the election, McConnell said, "The biggest asset I have by far is the only Kentucky woman who served in a <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">president's cabinet</a>, my wife, Elaine Chao."<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She has been described by Jan Karzen, a longtime friend of McConnell's, as adding "a softer touch" to McConnell's style by speaking of him "in a feminine, wifely way".<sup id="cite_ref-girding_120-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-girding-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has also been described as "the campaign hugger".<sup id="cite_ref-secret_125-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-secret-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> described Chao as "unapologetically ambitious".<sup id="cite_ref-girding_120-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-girding-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao's father has donated "millions of dollars" to the Chao-McConnell family.<sup id="cite_ref-bridge_85-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bridge-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chao's extended family has given more than a million dollars to McConnell's campaigns.<sup id="cite_ref-bridge_85-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bridge-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The extended family is also a top contributor to the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Kentucky" title="Republican Party of Kentucky">Republican Party of Kentucky</a>, giving it approximately $525,000 over two decades.<sup id="cite_ref-bridge_85-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bridge-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family">Family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/James_S._C._Chao" title="James S. C. Chao">James S. C. Chao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Mulan_Chu_Chao" title="Ruth Mulan Chu Chao">Ruth Mulan Chu Chao</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taiwanese_President_Tsai_Ing-wen_meet_with_Elaine_Chao,_who_was_born_in_Taiwan,_and_her_father_James_Si-Cheng_Chao_who_lived_in_Taiwan_for_about_10_years.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Taiwanese_President_Tsai_Ing-wen_meet_with_Elaine_Chao%2C_who_was_born_in_Taiwan%2C_and_her_father_James_Si-Cheng_Chao_who_lived_in_Taiwan_for_about_10_years.jpg/275px-Taiwanese_President_Tsai_Ing-wen_meet_with_Elaine_Chao%2C_who_was_born_in_Taiwan%2C_and_her_father_James_Si-Cheng_Chao_who_lived_in_Taiwan_for_about_10_years.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Taiwanese_President_Tsai_Ing-wen_meet_with_Elaine_Chao%2C_who_was_born_in_Taiwan%2C_and_her_father_James_Si-Cheng_Chao_who_lived_in_Taiwan_for_about_10_years.jpg/413px-Taiwanese_President_Tsai_Ing-wen_meet_with_Elaine_Chao%2C_who_was_born_in_Taiwan%2C_and_her_father_James_Si-Cheng_Chao_who_lived_in_Taiwan_for_about_10_years.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Taiwanese_President_Tsai_Ing-wen_meet_with_Elaine_Chao%2C_who_was_born_in_Taiwan%2C_and_her_father_James_Si-Cheng_Chao_who_lived_in_Taiwan_for_about_10_years.jpg/550px-Taiwanese_President_Tsai_Ing-wen_meet_with_Elaine_Chao%2C_who_was_born_in_Taiwan%2C_and_her_father_James_Si-Cheng_Chao_who_lived_in_Taiwan_for_about_10_years.jpg 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="305" /></a><figcaption>Elaine Chao and her father <a href="/wiki/James_S._C._Chao" title="James S. C. Chao">James S. C. Chao</a> met <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_President" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese President">Taiwanese President</a> <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Office_Building,_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Office Building, Taiwan">Presidential Office</a> in Taipei, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, in 2016.</figcaption></figure><p>Chao has five younger sisters, including <a href="/wiki/Angela_Chao" title="Angela Chao">Angela</a>, former CEO of the Foremost Group.<sup id="cite_ref-ruth_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ruth-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-voyage_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voyage-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2024, Angela died after backing her car into a pond.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chao's sister Grace is married to <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Hartogensis" title="Gordon Hartogensis">Gordon Hartogensis</a> who served as director of the <a href="/wiki/Pension_Benefit_Guaranty_Corporation" title="Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation">Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation</a> (PBGC), a part of the Labor Department, in May 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-in-laws_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-in-laws-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-confirmed_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-confirmed-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hartogensis co-founded forecasting-software company Petrolsoft in 1989, which was purchased for $60<span class="nowrap"> </span>million by Aspen Technology in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-in-laws_131-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-in-laws-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He founded and led application software company Auric Technology LLC until it was sold to a company based in Mexico in 2011 and then helped govern the Hartogensis Family Trust.<sup id="cite_ref-confirmed_133-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-confirmed-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-in-laws_131-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-in-laws-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2008, Chao's father gave Chao and McConnell between $5<span class="nowrap"> </span>million and $25<span class="nowrap"> </span>million.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fang_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fang-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the Chao family donated $40<span class="nowrap"> </span>million to <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Business_School" title="Harvard Business School">Harvard Business School</a> for scholarships to students of Chinese heritage and for the Ruth Mulan Chu Chao Center, an <a href="/wiki/Executive_education" title="Executive education">executive education</a> building named for Chao's late mother.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the first Harvard Business School building named after a woman<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first building named after an American of Asian ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Mulan_Chu_Chao" title="Ruth Mulan Chu Chao">Ruth Mulan Chu Chao</a> returned to school at age 51 to earn a master's degree in <a href="/wiki/Asian_literature" title="Asian literature">Asian literature</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Asia" title="History of Asia">history</a> from <a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_University_(New_York_City)" title="St. John's University (New York City)">St. John's University</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a> <a href="/wiki/Borough_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Borough (New York City)">borough</a> of New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-ruth_127-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ruth-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Americans_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Americans in New York City">Taiwanese Americans in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Americans in New York City">Chinese Americans in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_United_States_Cabinet_members" title="List of female United States Cabinet members">List of female United States Cabinet members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Cabinet_members_who_have_served_more_than_eight_years" title="List of United States Cabinet members who have served more than eight years">List of United States Cabinet members who have served more than eight years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign-born_United_States_Cabinet_members" title="List of foreign-born United States Cabinet members">List of foreign-born United States Cabinet members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_held_multiple_United_States_Cabinet-level_positions" title="List of people who have held multiple United States Cabinet-level positions">List of people who have held multiple United States Cabinet-level positions</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adding family members and personal events to a planned (though later cancelled) trip to China in 2017, providing DOT Public Affairs and media support to her father<span class="nowrap"> </span>...<sup id="cite_ref-misuse_90-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-misuse-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWhitnah1998" class="citation book cs1">Whitnah, Donald Robert (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=07AcQT2VUbcC&dq=busey+deputy+secretary+of+transportation+1992&pg=PA165"><i>U.S. Department of Transportation: A Reference History</i></a>. Greenwood Press. p. 165. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313283406" title="Special:BookSources/9780313283406"><bdi>9780313283406</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240127000110/https://books.google.com/books?id=07AcQT2VUbcC&dq=busey+deputy+secretary+of+transportation+1992&pg=PA165">Archived</a> from the original on January 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Chao Joins ChargePoint Board of Directors"</a>. <i>aftermarketNews</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724141123/https://www.aftermarketnews.com/elaine-chao-joins-chargepoint-board-of-directors/">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aftermarketNews&rft.atitle=Elaine+L.+Chao+Joins+ChargePoint+Board+of+Directors&rft.date=2021-12-03&rft.au=aftermarketNews+Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aftermarketnews.com%2Felaine-chao-joins-chargepoint-board-of-directors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2021" class="citation web cs1">Staff, The Trucker News (August 27, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetrucker.com/trucking-news/business/former-transportation-secretary-chao-joins-board-of-directors-at-hyliion">"Former transportation secretary Chao joins board of directors at Hyliion"</a>. <i>TheTrucker.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724141125/https://www.thetrucker.com/trucking-news/business/former-transportation-secretary-chao-joins-board-of-directors-at-hyliion">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Foremost+Foundation&rft.atitle=Dr.+James+S.C.+Chao&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theforemostfoundation.org%2Fdr-james-sc-chao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Flynn-2014-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Flynn-2014_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flynn-2014_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlynn2014" class="citation web cs1">Flynn, Anneguard (November 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.masslive.com/news/2014/11/woman_in_red_dress_with_mitch_mcconnell_elaine_chao_wife_former_labor_secretary_and_mount_holyoke_graduate.html">"Woman in red dress with Mitch McConnell: Elaine Chao, wife, former labor secretary, and Mount Holyoke graduate"</a>. <i>masslive</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230703075231/https://www.masslive.com/news/2014/11/woman_in_red_dress_with_mitch_mcconnell_elaine_chao_wife_former_labor_secretary_and_mount_holyoke_graduate.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 3, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=masslive&rft.atitle=Woman+in+red+dress+with+Mitch+McConnell%3A+Elaine+Chao%2C+wife%2C+former+labor+secretary%2C+and+Mount+Holyoke+graduate&rft.date=2014-11-06&rft.aulast=Flynn&rft.aufirst=Anneguard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.masslive.com%2Fnews%2F2014%2F11%2Fwoman_in_red_dress_with_mitch_mcconnell_elaine_chao_wife_former_labor_secretary_and_mount_holyoke_graduate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/government/chao-bio.html">"Elaine L. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov&rft.atitle=Elaine+L.+Chao%2C+Secretary+of+Labor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeorgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov%2Fgovernment%2Fchao-bio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thsh.tp.edu.tw/CustomerSet/191_introduce/more_editor_v.asp?id={3DE70D72-7EEB-4218-9B8F-7328D2AE7B6A}&intid=266">惜福感恩、追求卓越的人生典範──傑出校友趙小蘭女士</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170328061019/http://www.thsh.tp.edu.tw/CustomerSet/191_introduce/more_editor_v.asp?id=%7B3DE70D72-7EEB-4218-9B8F-7328D2AE7B6A%7D&intid=266">Archived</a> March 28, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82%E7%A7%81%E7%AB%8B%E5%86%8D%E8%88%88%E9%AB%98%E7%B4%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%B8" class="extiw" title="zh:臺北市私立再興高級中學">Tsai-Hsing High School</a>, 2016/10/14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarquis2001" class="citation news cs1">Marquis, Christopher (January 12, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/12/us/woman-washington-veteran-for-labor-tested-negotiator-for-trade-elaine-lan-chao.html">"Woman in the News; A Washington Veteran for Labor; a Tested Negotiator for Trade; Elaine Lan Chao"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200913015955/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/12/us/woman-washington-veteran-for-labor-tested-negotiator-for-trade-elaine-lan-chao.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Woman+in+the+News%3B+A+Washington+Veteran+for+Labor%3B+a+Tested+Negotiator+for+Trade%3B+Elaine+Lan+Chao&rft.date=2001-01-12&rft.aulast=Marquis&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F01%2F12%2Fus%2Fwoman-washington-veteran-for-labor-tested-negotiator-for-trade-elaine-lan-chao.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120726211823/http://www.elainelchao.com/biography/">"Biography"</a>. <i>Elainechao.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Business&rft.atitle=Elaine+L.+Chao&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fpeople%2Fperson.asp%3FpersonId%3D558041%26ticker%3DNWSA%26previousCapId%3D172899%26previousTitle%3DCIGNA%2520CORP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170322014400/https://www.reaganlibrary.archives.gov/archives/speeches/1983/52583d.htm">"Appointment of the 1983–1984 White House Fellows"</a>. Reagan Library. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Trump+picks+Elaine+Chao+for+transportation+secretary&rft.date=2016-11-29&rft.aulast=Mattingly&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft.au=Wright%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2016%2F11%2F29%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-picks-elaine-chao-for-transportation-secretary%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShillinger1991" class="citation news cs1">Shillinger, Kurt (October 1, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/1991/1001/01072.html">"Peace Corps Enters the '90s Invited into Eastern Europe"</a>. <i>The Christian Science Monitor</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0882-7729">0882-7729</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224171400/https://www.csmonitor.com/1991/1001/01072.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 24, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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November 7, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180824120248/https://www.deseretnews.com/article/192371/PEACE-CORPS-PLANS-TO-SEND-VOLUNTEERS-TO-BALTICS-IN-1992.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 24, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DeseretNews.com&rft.atitle=PEACE+CORPS+PLANS+TO+SEND+VOLUNTEERS+TO+BALTICS+IN+1992&rft.date=1991-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2F1991%2F11%2F7%2F18950291%2Fpeace-corps-plans-to-send-volunteers-to-baltics-in-1992%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philanthropy.com/article/Elaine-Chao-Leaves-United-Way/168461">"Elaine Chao Leaves United Way"</a>. <i>The Chronicle of Philanthropy</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+House+Committee+on+Oversight+and+Reform&rft.atitle=Letter+to+DOT+re%3A+Chao&rft.date=2019-09-16&rft.au=United+States+House+Committee+on+Oversight+and+Reform&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foversight.house.gov%2Fsites%2Fdemocrats.oversight.house.gov%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2F2019-09-16.EEC%2520RK%2520to%2520DOT%2520re%2520Chao.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/world/news/watchdog-says-elaine-chao-ex-transpo-secretary-and-mitch-mcconnells-wife-misused-office-including-making-staff-edit-her-dads-wikipedia-page/articleshow/81322064.cms">Watchdog says Elaine Chao, ex-transpo secretary and Mitch McConnell's wife, misused office including making staff edit her dad's Wikipedia page</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210304172055/https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/world/news/watchdog-says-elaine-chao-ex-transpo-secretary-and-mitch-mcconnells-wife-misused-office-including-making-staff-edit-her-dads-wikipedia-page/articleshow/81322064.cms">Archived</a> March 4, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Business Insider India">Business Insider India</a></i>, LAUREN FRIAS, March 4, 2021. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elaine+Chao+Used+DOT+Resources+For+Personal+Errands%2C+Family+Business%2C+IG+Report+Says&rft.date=2021-03-04&rft.aulast=Diaz&rft.aufirst=Jaclyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2021%2F03%2F04%2F973564687%2Felaine-chao-used-dot-resources-for-personal-errands-family-business-inspector-sa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/watchdog-faulted-elaine-chao-misuse-office-transportation-secretary-n1259547">"Watchdog faulted Elaine Chao for misuse of office as transportation secretary"</a>. <i>NBC News</i>. 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July 16, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724220722/https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2019/jul/16/president-doubles-down-on-feud-with-law/">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arkansas+Online&rft.atitle=President+doubles+down+on+feud+with+lawmakers&rft.date=2019-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arkansasonline.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2Fjul%2F16%2Fpresident-doubles-down-on-feud-with-law%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoh2023" class="citation web cs1">Loh, Matthew (January 27, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elaine-chao-trump-racist-nickname-coco-chow-response-2023-1">"Elaine Chao, Trump-era transportation secretary and Mitch McConnell's wife, hits back at Trump for giving her racist nickname"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230308133431/https://www.businessinsider.com/elaine-chao-trump-racist-nickname-coco-chow-response-2023-1">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 16,</span> 2015</span>. <q>...<span class="nowrap"> </span>Chao was awarded an honorary doctor of humane letters from Georgetown University.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Former+Secretary+of+Labor+Encourages+Graduates+to+Create+Value&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmsb.georgetown.edu%2Fnewsroom%2Fnews%2Fformer-secretary-labor-encourages-graduates-create-value&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://odk.org/about-odk/history/notable-alumni/">"Notable Members"</a>. <i>Omicron Delta Kappa</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210902002605/https://odk.org/about-odk/history/notable-alumni/">Archived</a> from the original on September 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Harvard+Crimson&rft.atitle=Business+School+Names+First+HBS+Building+after+a+Woman%2C+Asian+American&rft.date=2016-06-16&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=Brandon+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2Farticle%2F2016%2F6%2F16%2Fhbs-chao-center-dedicated&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hbs.edu/about/campus-and-culture/campus-built-on-philanthropy/Pages/chao-center.aspx">"Chao Center – About Us"</a>. <i>Harvard Business School</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210226121751/https://www.hbs.edu/about/campus-and-culture/campus-built-on-philanthropy/Pages/chao-center.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on February 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Business+School&rft.atitle=Chao+Center+%E2%80%93+About+Us&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hbs.edu%2Fabout%2Fcampus-and-culture%2Fcampus-built-on-philanthropy%2FPages%2Fchao-center.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+Chao" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Chao&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; 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font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Coverdell" title="Paul Coverdell">Paul Coverdell</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Director of the <a href="/wiki/Peace_Corps" title="Peace Corps">Peace Corps</a> </b><br />1991–1992 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Bellamy" title="Carol Bellamy">Carol Bellamy</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Weyforth_Dawson" title="Mimi Weyforth Dawson">Mimi Weyforth Dawson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Deputy Secretary of Transportation">United States Deputy Secretary of Transportation</a> </b><br />1989–1991 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mortimer_L._Downey" title="Mortimer L. Downey">Mortimer L. Downey</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Herman" title="Alexis Herman">Alexis Herman</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">United States Secretary of Labor</a> </b><br />2001–2009 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hilda_Solis" title="Hilda Solis">Hilda Solis</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Foxx" title="Anthony Foxx">Anthony Foxx</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">United States Secretary of Transportation</a> </b><br />2017–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Buttigieg" title="Pete Buttigieg">Pete Buttigieg</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez">Mel Martínez</a></div><i><b>as Former US Cabinet Member </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of precedence of the United States">Order of precedence of the United States</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as Former US Cabinet Member</span></i> </b> </td> <td 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Slater">Slater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Mineta" title="Norman Mineta">Mineta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_E._Peters" title="Mary E. Peters">Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_LaHood" title="Ray LaHood">LaHood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Foxx" title="Anthony Foxx">Foxx</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Buttigieg" title="Pete Buttigieg">Buttigieg</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Department of Transportation"><img alt="Seal of the United States Department of Transportation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg/75px-United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg/113px-United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg/150px-United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="247" data-file-height="248" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_labor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSecLabor" title="Template:USSecLabor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSecLabor" title="Template talk:USSecLabor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSecLabor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSecLabor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_labor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">United States secretaries of labor</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce_and_Labor" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Secretary of Commerce and Labor">Secretaries of commerce and labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">Cortelyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_H._Metcalf" title="Victor H. Metcalf">Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Straus_(politician)" title="Oscar Straus (politician)">Straus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nagel" title="Charles Nagel">Nagel</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Labor.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Department of Labor"><img alt="Seal of the United States Department of Labor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Labor.svg/64px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Labor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Labor.svg/96px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Labor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Labor.svg/128px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Labor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretaries of labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Bauchop_Wilson" class="mw-redirect" title="William Bauchop Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_J._Davis" title="James J. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_N._Doak" title="William N. Doak">Doak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Perkins" title="Frances Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_B._Schwellenbach" title="Lewis B. Schwellenbach">Schwellenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_J._Tobin" title="Maurice J. Tobin">Tobin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Patrick_Durkin" title="Martin Patrick Durkin">Durkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_P._Mitchell" title="James P. Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Goldberg" title="Arthur Goldberg">Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Willard_Wirtz" title="W. Willard Wirtz">Wirtz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Shultz" title="George Shultz">Shultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Day_Hodgson" title="James Day Hodgson">Hodgson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Brennan" title="Peter J. Brennan">Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_Dunlop" title="John Thomas Dunlop">Dunlop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Usery,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William Usery, Jr.">Usery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Marshall" title="Ray Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_J._Donovan" title="Raymond J. Donovan">Donovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brock" title="Bill Brock">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_McLaughlin_Korologos" title="Ann McLaughlin Korologos">McLaughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Morley_Martin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynn Morley Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reich" title="Robert Reich">Reich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Herman" title="Alexis Herman">Herman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilda_Solis" title="Hilda Solis">Solis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Perez" title="Tom Perez">Perez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Acosta" title="Alexander Acosta">Acosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Scalia" title="Eugene Scalia">Scalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marty_Walsh" title="Marty Walsh">Walsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="First_cabinet_of_President_Donald_Trump_(2017–2021)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:First_Trump_cabinet" title="Template:First Trump cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:First_Trump_cabinet" title="Template talk:First Trump cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="16" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg/100px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg/150px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg/200px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="2850" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rex_Tillerson" title="Rex Tillerson">Rex Tillerson</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Steven Mnuchin</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Mattis" title="Jim Mattis">Jim Mattis</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Esper" title="Mark Esper">Mark Esper</a> (2019–2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">Jeff Sessions</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barr" title="William Barr">William Barr</a> (2019–2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Zinke" title="Ryan Zinke">Ryan Zinke</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Bernhardt" title="David Bernhardt">David Bernhardt</a> (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Perdue" title="Sonny Perdue">Sonny Perdue</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilbur_Ross" title="Wilbur Ross">Wilbur Ross</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Acosta" title="Alexander Acosta">Alexander Acosta</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Scalia" title="Eugene Scalia">Eugene Scalia</a> (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Price_(American_politician)" title="Tom Price (American politician)">Tom Price</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Azar" title="Alex Azar">Alex Azar</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Carson" title="Ben Carson">Ben Carson</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elaine Chao</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Energy" title="United States Secretary of Energy">Secretary of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Perry" title="Rick Perry">Rick Perry</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Brouillette" title="Dan Brouillette">Dan Brouillette</a> (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education" title="United States Secretary of Education">Secretary of Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betsy_DeVos" title="Betsy DeVos">Betsy DeVos</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs">Secretary of Veterans Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Shulkin" title="David Shulkin">David Shulkin</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wilkie" title="Robert Wilkie">Robert Wilkie</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary of Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kelly" title="John F. Kelly">John F. Kelly</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirstjen_Nielsen" title="Kirstjen Nielsen">Kirstjen Nielsen</a> (2017–2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Pruitt" title="Scott Pruitt">Scott Pruitt</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_R._Wheeler" title="Andrew R. Wheeler">Andrew R. Wheeler</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Director of the Office of Management and Budget</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a> (2017–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Vought" title="Russell Vought">Russell Vought</a> (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Dan Coats</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">John Ratcliffe</a> (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">Director of the Central Intelligence Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gina_Haspel" title="Gina Haspel">Gina Haspel</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Trade Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lighthizer" title="Robert Lighthizer">Robert Lighthizer</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations">Ambassador to the United Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Haley" title="Nikki Haley">Nikki Haley</a> (2017–2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Small_Business_Administration" title="Administrator of the Small Business Administration">Administrator of the Small Business Administration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_McMahon" title="Linda McMahon">Linda McMahon</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovita_Carranza" title="Jovita Carranza">Jovita Carranza</a> (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reince_Priebus" title="Reince Priebus">Reince Priebus</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kelly" title="John F. Kelly">John F. Kelly</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows" title="Mark Meadows">Mark Meadows</a> (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Political_appointments_of_Donald_Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="Political appointments of Donald Trump">Political appointments of Donald Trump</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_George_W._Bush_(2001–2009)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Template:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Template talk:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_George_W._Bush_(2001–2009)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2001–2009)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> (2001–2009)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="16" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/100px-George-W-Bush.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/150px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/200px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="3000" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> (2005–2009) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice%27s_tenure_as_Secretary_of_State" title="Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State">tenure</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._O%27Neill" title="Paul H. O'Neill">Paul H. O'Neill</a> (2001–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Snow" title="John W. Snow">John W. Snow</a> (2003–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Paulson" title="Henry Paulson">Henry Paulson</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Donald Rumsfeld</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gates" title="Robert Gates">Robert Gates</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">John Ashcroft</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Gonzales" title="Alberto Gonzales">Alberto Gonzales</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mukasey" title="Michael Mukasey">Michael Mukasey</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gale_Norton" title="Gale Norton">Gale Norton</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Kempthorne" title="Dirk Kempthorne">Dirk Kempthorne</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Veneman" title="Ann Veneman">Ann Veneman</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johanns" title="Mike Johanns">Mike Johanns</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Schafer" title="Ed Schafer">Ed Schafer</a> (2008–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Evans" title="Donald Evans">Donald Evans</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Gutierrez" title="Carlos Gutierrez">Carlos Gutierrez</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elaine Chao</a> (2001–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Thompson" title="Tommy Thompson">Tommy Thompson</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Mike Leavitt</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez">Mel Martínez</a> (2001–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Jackson" title="Alphonso Jackson">Alphonso Jackson</a> (2004–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Preston" title="Steve Preston">Steve Preston</a> (2008–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Mineta" title="Norman Mineta">Norman Mineta</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_E._Peters" title="Mary E. Peters">Mary E. Peters</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Energy" title="United States Secretary of Energy">Secretary of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Abraham" title="Spencer Abraham">Spencer Abraham</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bodman" title="Samuel Bodman">Samuel Bodman</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education" title="United States Secretary of Education">Secretary of Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Paige" title="Rod Paige">Rod Paige</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Spellings" title="Margaret Spellings">Margaret Spellings</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs">Secretary of Veterans Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Principi" title="Anthony Principi">Anthony Principi</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nicholson_(Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs)" title="Jim Nicholson (Secretary of Veterans Affairs)">Jim Nicholson</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Peake" title="James Peake">James Peake</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary of Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Ridge" title="Tom Ridge">Tom Ridge</a> (2003–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chertoff" title="Michael Chertoff">Michael Chertoff</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman">Christine Todd Whitman</a> (2001–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Mike Leavitt</a> (2003–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L._Johnson_(politician,_born_1951)" title="Stephen L. Johnson (politician, born 1951)">Stephen L. Johnson</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Director of the Office of Management and Budget</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_Daniels" title="Mitch Daniels">Mitch Daniels</a> (2001–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bolten" title="Joshua Bolten">Joshua Bolten</a> (2003–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Portman" title="Rob Portman">Rob Portman</a> (2006–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Jim Nussle</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Trade Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zoellick" title="Robert Zoellick">Robert Zoellick</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Portman" title="Rob Portman">Rob Portman</a> (2005–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Schwab" title="Susan Schwab">Susan Schwab</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_National_Drug_Control_Policy" title="Office of National Drug Control Policy">Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Walters" title="John P. Walters">John P. Walters</a> (2001–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Card" title="Andrew Card">Andrew Card</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bolten" title="Joshua Bolten">Joshua Bolten</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Directors_of_the_Peace_Corps" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:PeaceCorpsDirectors" title="Template:PeaceCorpsDirectors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:PeaceCorpsDirectors" title="Template talk:PeaceCorpsDirectors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:PeaceCorpsDirectors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:PeaceCorpsDirectors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Directors_of_the_Peace_Corps" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Peace_Corps#Directors" title="Peace Corps">Directors of the Peace Corps</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">Shriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Vaughn" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Vaughn">Vaughn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Blatchford" title="Joseph Blatchford">Blatchford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_O%27Donnell_(Peace_Corps)" title="Kevin O'Donnell (Peace Corps)">O'Donnell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Hess_(Peace_Corps)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Hess (Peace Corps) (page does not exist)">Hess</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Craw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Craw (page does not exist)">Craw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Dellenback" title="John R. Dellenback">Dellenback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_R._Payton" title="Carolyn R. Payton">Payton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Celeste" title="Dick Celeste">Celeste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loret_Miller_Ruppe" title="Loret Miller Ruppe">Ruppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Coverdell" title="Paul Coverdell">Coverdell</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Bellamy" title="Carol Bellamy">Bellamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Gearan" title="Mark Gearan">Gearan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_L._Schneider" title="Mark L. Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaddi_Vasquez" title="Gaddi Vasquez">Vasquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Tschetter" title="Ron Tschetter">Tschetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_S._Williams" title="Aaron S. Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Hessler-Radelet" title="Carrie Hessler-Radelet">Hessler-Radelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Olsen" title="Jody Olsen">Olsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Spahn" title="Carol Spahn">Spahn</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-PeaceCorps-Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peace Corps Logo"><img alt="Peace Corps Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/US-PeaceCorps-Logo.svg/70px-US-PeaceCorps-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/US-PeaceCorps-Logo.svg/105px-US-PeaceCorps-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/US-PeaceCorps-Logo.svg/140px-US-PeaceCorps-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="News_Corp" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:News_Corporation" title="Template:News Corporation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:News_Corporation" title="Template talk:News Corporation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:News_Corporation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:News Corporation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="News_Corp" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/News_Corp" title="News Corp">News Corp</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Sister company: <a href="/wiki/Fox_Corporation" title="Fox Corporation">Fox Corporation</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dow_Jones" title="Template:Dow Jones"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dow_Jones" title="Template talk:Dow Jones"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dow_Jones" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dow Jones"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dow_Jones_&amp;_Company" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_%26_Company" title="Dow Jones & Company">Dow Jones & Company</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National consumer products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Barron%27s_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barron's (newspaper)">Barron's</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Financial_News" title="Financial News">Financial News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Investor%27s_Business_Daily" title="Investor's Business Daily">Investor's Business Daily</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MarketWatch" title="MarketWatch">MarketWatch.com</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal_Asia" title="The Wall Street Journal Asia">Asia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal_Europe" title="The Wall Street Journal Europe">Europe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WSJ." class="mw-redirect" title="WSJ.">WSJ.</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Enterprise products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Factiva" title="Factiva">Factiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%26P_Dow_Jones_Indices" title="S&P Dow Jones Indices">S&P Dow Jones Indices</a> (2.6%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:HarperCollins" title="Template:HarperCollins"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:HarperCollins" title="Template talk:HarperCollins"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:HarperCollins" title="Special:EditPage/Template:HarperCollins"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="HarperCollins" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avon_(publisher)" title="Avon (publisher)">Avon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caedmon_Audio" title="Caedmon Audio">Caedmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecco_Press" title="Ecco Press">Ecco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_(publisher)" title="Harper (publisher)">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_Perennial" title="Harper Perennial">Harper Perennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Can_Read!" title="I Can Read!">I Can Read!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morrow_and_Company" title="William Morrow and Company">William Morrow and Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Collins,_Sons" title="William Collins, Sons">William Collins, Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collins_Bartholomew" title="Collins Bartholomew">Collins Bartholomew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Friday_Project" title="The Friday Project">The Friday Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leckie_%26_Leckie" title="Leckie & Leckie">Leckie & Leckie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angus_%26_Robertson" title="Angus & Robertson">Angus & Robertson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Christian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BibleGateway.com" class="mw-redirect" title="BibleGateway.com">BibleGateway.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nelson_(publisher)" title="Thomas Nelson (publisher)">Thomas Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_of_Faith" title="Women of Faith">Women of Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zondervan" title="Zondervan">Zondervan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harlequin_Enterprises" title="Harlequin Enterprises">Harlequin Enterprises</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love_Inspired" title="Love Inspired">Love Inspired</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mira_Books" title="Mira Books">Mira</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:News_Corp_Australia" title="Template:News Corp Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:News_Corp_Australia" title="Template talk:News Corp Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:News_Corp_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:News Corp Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="News_Corp_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/News_Corp_Australia" title="News Corp Australia">News Corp Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Newspapers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metropolitan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Australian" title="The Australian">The Australian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Telegraph_(Sydney)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Telegraph (Sydney)">Daily Telegraph</a></i> (Sydney)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Telegraph_(Sydney)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunday Telegraph (Sydney)">Sunday Telegraph</a></i> (Sydney)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herald_Sun" title="Herald Sun">Herald Sun</a></i> (Melbourne)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Mail" title="The Courier-Mail">The Courier-Mail</a></i> (Brisbane)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Mail_(Brisbane)" title="The Sunday Mail (Brisbane)">Sunday Mail</a></i> (Brisbane)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Advertiser_(Adelaide)" title="The Advertiser (Adelaide)">The Advertiser</a></i> (Adelaide)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Mail_(Adelaide)" title="Sunday Mail (Adelaide)">Sunday Mail</a></i> (Adelaide)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mercury_(Hobart)" title="The Mercury (Hobart)">The Mercury</a></i> (Hobart)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory_News" title="Northern Territory News">Northern Territory News</a></i> (Darwin)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Queensland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Balonne_Beacon" title="Balonne Beacon">Balonne Beacon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bowen_Independent" title="Bowen Independent">Bowen Independent</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cairns_Post" title="The Cairns Post">The Cairns Post</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Central_Queensland_News" title="Central Queensland News">Central Queensland News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Central_Telegraph_(newspaper)" title="Central Telegraph (newspaper)">Central Telegraph</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chinchilla_News" title="Chinchilla News">Chinchilla News and Murilla Advertiser</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mercury" title="Daily Mercury">Daily Mercury</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dalby_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Dalby Herald">The Dalby Herald</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fraser_Coast_Chronicle" title="Fraser Coast Chronicle">Fraser Coast Chronicle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_Bulletin" title="Gold Coast Bulletin">Gold Coast Bulletin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_Mail" title="Gold Coast Mail">Gold Coast Mail</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gympie_Times" title="The Gympie Times">The Gympie Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herbert_River_Express" title="Herbert River Express">Herbert River Express</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Innisfail_Advocate" title="Innisfail Advocate">Innisfail Advocate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Morning_Bulletin" title="The Morning Bulletin">The Morning Bulletin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NewsMail" title="NewsMail">NewsMail</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Northern_Miner_(Queensland)" title="The Northern Miner (Queensland)">The Northern Miner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer_(Gladstone)" title="The Observer (Gladstone)">The Observer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Queensland_Times" title="The Queensland Times">The Queensland Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stanthorpe_Border_Post" title="Stanthorpe Border Post">Stanthorpe Border Post</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Coast_Daily" title="Sunshine Coast Daily">Sunshine Coast Daily</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Toowoomba_Chronicle" title="The Toowoomba Chronicle">The Toowoomba Chronicle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Townsville_Bulletin" title="Townsville Bulletin">Townsville Bulletin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Warwick_Daily_News" title="Warwick Daily News">Warwick Daily News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Western_Star_(Queensland)" title="The Western Star (Queensland)">The Western Star</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whitsunday_Times" title="Whitsunday Times">Whitsunday Times</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Coffs_Coast_Advocate" title="The Coffs Coast Advocate">The Coffs Coast Advocate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Examiner" title="The Daily Examiner">The Daily Examiner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geelong_Advertiser" title="Geelong Advertiser">Geelong Advertiser</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Northern_Star" title="The Northern Star">The Northern Star</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tweed_Daily_News" title="Tweed Daily News">Tweed Daily News</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:News_Corp_Australia_community_newspapers" title="Template:News Corp Australia community newspapers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:News_Corp_Australia_community_newspapers" title="Template talk:News Corp Australia community newspapers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:News_Corp_Australia_community_newspapers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:News Corp Australia community newspapers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="News_Corp_Australia_community_newspapers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/News_Corp_Australia" title="News Corp Australia">News Corp Australia</a> <a href="/wiki/News_Corp_Australia#Community" title="News Corp Australia">community newspapers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NewsLocal" title="NewsLocal">NewsLocal</a> (NSW)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Manly_Daily" title="Manly Daily">Manly Daily</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/North_Shore_Times" title="North Shore Times">North Shore Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northern_District_Times" title="Northern District Times">Northern District Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parramatta_Advertiser" title="Parramatta Advertiser">Parramatta Advertiser</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Messenger_Newspapers" title="Messenger Newspapers">Messenger</a> (SA)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/News_Review_Messenger" title="News Review Messenger">News Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leader_Messenger" title="Leader Messenger">Leader</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Standard_Messenger" title="Standard Messenger">Standard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Courier_Messenger" title="Eastern Courier Messenger">Eastern Courier</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/East_Torrens_Messenger" title="East Torrens Messenger">East Torrens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guardian_Messenger" title="Guardian Messenger">Guardian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Times_Messenger" title="Southern Times Messenger">Southern Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hills_Valley_Weekly" title="Hills Valley Weekly">Hills Valley</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weekly_Times_Messenger" title="Weekly Times Messenger">Weekly Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portside_Messenger" title="Portside Messenger">Portside</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/City_Messenger" title="City Messenger">City</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Quest_Community_Newspapers" title="Quest Community Newspapers">Quest</a> (Qld)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/South-West_News" title="South-West News">South-West News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Star_(Brisbane)" title="Southern Star (Brisbane)">Southern Star</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Victoria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leader_Community_Newspapers" title="Leader Community Newspapers">Leader Community Newspapers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_News_Channel" title="Australian News Channel">Television</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sky_News_Australia" title="Template:Sky News Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sky_News_Australia" title="Template talk:Sky News Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sky_News_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sky News Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sky_News_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Australian_News_Channel" title="Australian News Channel">Sky News Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sky_News_Australia" title="Sky News Australia">Sky News Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_News_Extra" title="Sky News Extra">Sky News Extra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_News_Weather_Channel" title="Sky News Weather Channel">Sky News Weather Channel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sky_News_Business_Channel" title="Sky News Business Channel">Sky News Business Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_News_Election_Channel" title="Sky News Election Channel">Sky News Election Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Your_Money_(TV_channel)" title="Your Money (TV channel)">Your Money</a> [50%]</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programming</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sky_News_Australia_programming" title="Template:Sky News Australia programming"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sky_News_Australia_programming" title="Template talk:Sky News Australia programming"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sky_News_Australia_programming" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sky News Australia programming"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sky_News_Australia_programming" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sky_News_Australia" title="Sky News Australia">Sky News Australia</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_programs_broadcast_by_Sky_News_Australia" title="List of programs broadcast by Sky News Australia">programming</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Daytime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Agenda_(Australian_TV_program)" title="Agenda (Australian TV program)">Agenda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Edition_(Australian_TV_program)" title="First Edition (Australian TV program)">First Edition</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Weekend_Edition_(Australian_program)" title="Weekend Edition (Australian program)">Weekend</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Outsiders_(Australian_TV_program)" title="Outsiders (Australian TV program)">Outsiders</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primetime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Credlin" title="Credlin">Credlin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paul_Murray_Live" title="Paul Murray Live">Paul Murray Live</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bolt_Report" title="The Bolt Report">The Bolt Report</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Daytime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Keneally_and_Cameron" title="Keneally and Cameron">Keneally and Cameron</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PVO_NewsDay" title="PVO NewsDay">PVO NewsDay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyne_%26_Marles" title="Pyne & Marles">Pyne & Marles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Contrarians" title="The Contrarians">The Contrarians</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Friday_Show" title="The Friday Show">The Friday Show</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Word_(Australian_TV_program)" title="The Last Word (Australian TV program)">The Last Word</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Morning_Shift" title="The Morning Shift">The Morning Shift</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_the_Point_(TV_program)" title="To the Point (TV program)">To the Point</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primetime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Credlin_Keneally" title="Credlin Keneally">Credlin Keneally</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Friday_Live" title="Friday Live">Friday Live</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hinch_Live" title="Hinch Live">Hinch Live</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hadley!" title="Hadley!">Hadley!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jones_%2B_Co" title="Jones + Co">Jones + Co</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karvelas" title="Karvelas">Karvelas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reporting_Live_with_Stan_Grant" class="mw-redirect" title="Reporting Live with Stan Grant">Reporting Live with Stan Grant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richo_(TV_program)" title="Richo (TV program)">Richo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Speers_Tonight" title="Speers Tonight">Speers Tonight</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SportsNight_with_James_Bracey" title="SportsNight with James Bracey">SportsNight with James Bracey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_B_Team_with_Peter_Berner" title="The B Team with Peter Berner">The B Team with Peter Berner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cabinet_(TV_series)" title="The Cabinet (TV series)">The Cabinet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Latest_with_Laura_Jayes" title="The Latest with Laura Jayes">The Latest with Laura Jayes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nation_with_David_Speers" title="The Nation with David Speers">The Nation with David Speers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viewpoint_(Australian_TV_program)" title="Viewpoint (Australian TV program)">Viewpoint</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foxtel" title="Template:Foxtel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foxtel" title="Template talk:Foxtel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foxtel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foxtel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Foxtel" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Foxtel" title="Foxtel">Foxtel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arena_(TV_channel)" title="Arena (TV channel)">Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BoxSets_(TV_channel)" title="BoxSets (TV channel)">BoxSets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="British (Australian TV channel)">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_(TV_channel)" title="Comedy (TV channel)">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_(TV_channel)" title="Crime (TV channel)">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classics_(TV_channel)" title="Classics (TV channel)">Classics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Famous_(TV_channel)" title="Famous (TV channel)">Famous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox8" title="Fox8">Fox8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtel_One" title="Foxtel One">Foxtel One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtel_Movies" title="Foxtel Movies">Foxtel Movies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifestyle_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="Lifestyle (Australian TV channel)">Lifestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifestyle_Food" title="Lifestyle Food">Lifestyle Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifestyle_Home" title="Lifestyle Home">Lifestyle Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Crime_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="Real Crime (Australian TV channel)">Real Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_History" title="Real History">Real History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Life_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Life (TV channel)">Real Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showcase_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="Showcase (Australian TV channel)">Showcase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sci-Fi_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="Sci-Fi (Australian TV channel)">Sci-Fi</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Fox_Sports" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports_(Australia)" title="Fox Sports (Australia)">Fox Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Cricket" title="Fox Cricket">Fox Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Footy" title="Fox Footy">Fox Footy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_League" title="Fox League">Fox League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Netball" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Netball">Fox Netball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports_News_(Australia)" title="Fox Sports News (Australia)">Fox Sports News</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Joint ventures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NickMusic_(Australian_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="NickMusic (Australian TV channel)">NickMusic</a> (35%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Event_(TV_channel)" title="Main Event (TV channel)">Main Event</a> (66.6%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%26E_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="A&E (Australian TV channel)">A&E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bio_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="Bio (Australian TV channel)">Bio.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_V_Australia" title="Channel V Australia">Channel [V]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Footy_Channel" title="Fox Footy Channel">Fox Footy Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Funny" title="Fox Funny">Fox Funny</a></li> <li>Fox Hits</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Kids" title="Fox Kids">Fox Kids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtel_3D" title="Foxtel 3D">Foxtel 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtel_Box_Office" title="Foxtel Box Office">Foxtel Box Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_TV_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel TV (Australia)">Fuel TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifestyle_You" title="Lifestyle You">Lifestyle You</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoHo_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="SoHo (Australian TV channel)">SoHo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Speed (TV channel)">Speed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binge_(TV_channel)" title="Binge (TV channel)">Binge</a></li> <li>TV Hits</li> <li><a href="/wiki/111_(Australian_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="111 (Australian TV channel)">111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/(V)" title="(V)">[V]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtel_Arts" title="Foxtel Arts">Foxtel Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtel_Smooth" title="Foxtel Smooth">Foxtel Smooth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_(Australian_TV_channel)" title="Max (Australian TV channel)">Max</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_Music_Channel" title="Country Music Channel">Country Music Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Comedy_Channel" title="The Comedy Channel">The Comedy Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon_(Australia_and_New_Zealand)" title="Nickelodeon (Australia and New Zealand)">Nickelodeon</a> (35%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Jr._(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nick Jr. (Australia)">Nick Jr.</a> (35%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streaming</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hubbl" title="Hubbl">Hubbl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binge_(streaming_service)" title="Binge (streaming service)">Binge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(streaming_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash (streaming service)">Flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayo_Sports" title="Kayo Sports">Kayo Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WatchAFL" class="mw-redirect" title="WatchAFL">WatchAFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WatchNRL" class="mw-redirect" title="WatchNRL">WatchNRL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtel_Now" title="Foxtel Now">Foxtel Now</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Big_League" title="Big League">Big League</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/GQ_Australia" title="GQ Australia">GQ Australia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)" title="Vogue (magazine)">Vogue Australia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARN_Media" title="ARN Media">ARN Media</a> (15%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brisbane_Broncos" title="Brisbane Broncos">Brisbane Broncos</a> (69%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_Spectator" title="Business Spectator">Business Spectator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtel" title="Foxtel">Foxtel</a> (65%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/News.com.au" title="News.com.au">News.com.au</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newspoll" title="Newspoll">Newspoll</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea_Post-Courier" title="Papua New Guinea Post-Courier">Papua New Guinea Post-Courier</a></i> (63%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/REA_Group" title="REA Group">REA Group</a> (62%)</li> <li>SuperCoach <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFL_SuperCoach" title="AFL SuperCoach">AFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NRL_SuperCoach" title="NRL SuperCoach">NRL</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former<br />holdings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Associated_Press" title="Australian Associated Press">Australian Associated Press</a> (47%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADS_(TV_station)" title="ADS (TV station)">ADS</a> (Adelaide)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Newspaper_Group" title="Community Newspaper Group">Community Newspaper Group</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Mushroom_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Festival Mushroom Records">Festival Mushroom Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSV_(TV_station)" title="HSV (TV station)">HSV</a> (Melbourne)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Storm" title="Melbourne Storm">Melbourne Storm</a> (Melbourne)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MX_(newspaper)" title="MX (newspaper)">mX</a></i> (Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Herald_(Melbourne)" title="The Herald (Melbourne)">The Herald</a></i> (Melbourne)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_News-Pictorial" title="The Sun News-Pictorial">The Sun</a></i> (Melbourne)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror_(Sydney)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Mirror (Sydney)">The Daily Mirror</a></i> (Sydney)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Entertainment_Quarter" title="The Entertainment Quarter">The Entertainment Quarter</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times_(Western_Australia)" title="The Sunday Times (Western Australia)">The Sunday Times</a></i> (Perth)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3DB_(Melbourne)" title="3DB (Melbourne)">3DB Radio</a> (Melbourne)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:News_UK" title="Template:News UK"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:News_UK" title="Template talk:News UK"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:News_UK" title="Special:EditPage/Template:News UK"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="News_UK" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/News_UK" title="News UK">News UK</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Newspapers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Daily</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)" title="The Sun (United Kingdom)">The Sun</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> (1981)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former Daily</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Today_(UK_newspaper)" title="Today (UK newspaper)">Today</a></i> (1987–1995)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sunday</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i>The Sun on Sunday</i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former Sunday</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/News_of_the_World" title="News of the World">News of the World</a></i> (1969–2011)</li> <li><i>Sunday Today</i> (1987)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Paper" title="The London Paper">The London Paper</a></i> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:News_UK_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/News_UK_logo.svg/100px-News_UK_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/News_UK_logo.svg/150px-News_UK_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/News_UK_logo.svg/200px-News_UK_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1347" data-file-height="284" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_Literary_Supplement" title="The Times Literary Supplement">The Times Literary Supplement</a></i> (1981)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="News_Broadcasting_(2016)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/News_Broadcasting" title="News Broadcasting">News Broadcasting</a> (2016)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Talkradio" title="Talkradio">TalkRadio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talksport" title="Talksport">Talksport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Radio" title="Times Radio">Times Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Radio_UK" title="Virgin Radio UK">Virgin Radio UK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streaming</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Talk_(streaming_service)" title="Talk (streaming service)">Talk</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_assets_owned_by_News_Corp" title="List of assets owned by News Corp">Other assets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Move_(company)" title="Move (company)">Move</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Realtor.com" title="Realtor.com">Realtor.com</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_America_Marketing" title="News America Marketing">News America Marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_Outdoor_Group" title="News Outdoor Group">News Outdoor Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storyful" title="Storyful">Storyful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texture_(app)" title="Texture (app)">Texture</a> (partial; shuttered)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/21st_Century_Fox" title="21st Century Fox">21st Century Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_Corporation" title="News Corporation">News Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263322#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263322#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263322#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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