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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1993" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1993"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>1993</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1993-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1997" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1997"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>1997</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1997-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cabinet_and_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cabinet_and_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Cabinet and administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cabinet_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vice_presidential_speculation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vice_presidential_speculation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vice presidential speculation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vice_presidential_speculation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-EPA_Administrator" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EPA_Administrator"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>EPA Administrator</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-EPA_Administrator-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle EPA Administrator subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-EPA_Administrator-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Post_9/11_air_quality_claims_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post_9/11_air_quality_claims_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Post 9/11 air quality claims controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post_9/11_air_quality_claims_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-government_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-government_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Post-government career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-government_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Post-government career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Post-government_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Political_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Political activism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_activity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Corporate activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corporate_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كريستين تود ويتمان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كريستين تود ويتمان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کریستین تود ویتمان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کریستین تود ویتمان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="კრისტინა ტოდ უიტმანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კრისტინა ტოდ უიტმანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كريستين تود ويتمان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كريستين تود ويتمان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="クリスティーン・トッド・ウィットマン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クリスティーン・トッド・ウィットマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4" title="Уитман, Кристина Тодд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уитман, Кристина Тодд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd-Whitman" title="Christine Todd-Whitman – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Christine Todd-Whitman" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Christine Todd Whitman" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4_%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Крістін Тодд Вітмен – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Крістін Тодд Вітмен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q435267#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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searchaux" style="display:none">American politician and author (born 1946)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Christine Todd Whitman</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Christine_Todd_Whitman_412-APD-A5-EPA13a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Christine_Todd_Whitman_412-APD-A5-EPA13a.jpg/220px-Christine_Todd_Whitman_412-APD-A5-EPA13a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Christine_Todd_Whitman_412-APD-A5-EPA13a.jpg/330px-Christine_Todd_Whitman_412-APD-A5-EPA13a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Christine_Todd_Whitman_412-APD-A5-EPA13a.jpg/440px-Christine_Todd_Whitman_412-APD-A5-EPA13a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3212" data-file-height="4890" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait as Administrator of the EPA, 2001</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Forward_Party_(United_States)" title="Forward Party (United States)">Forward Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />July 28, 2022<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Yang" title="Andrew Yang">Andrew Yang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_S._Willner" title="Michael S. Willner">Michael S. Willner</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Position established</i></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">9th <a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 31, 2001 – June 27, 2003</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Browner" title="Carol Browner">Carol Browner</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Mike Leavitt</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">50th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey" title="Governor of New Jersey">Governor of New Jersey</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 18, 1994 – January 31, 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Florio" title="James Florio">James Florio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Donald_DiFrancesco" title="Donald DiFrancesco">Donald DiFrancesco</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">President of the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Board_of_Public_Utilities" title="New Jersey Board of Public Utilities">New Jersey Board of Public Utilities</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />February 10, 1988 – January 16, 1990</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_A._Curran" title="Barbara A. Curran">Barbara A. Curran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Scott Weiner</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_County,_New_Jersey" title="Somerset County, New Jersey">Somerset County</a> <a href="/wiki/Board_of_County_Commissioners_(New_Jersey)" title="Board of County Commissioners (New Jersey)">Board of Chosen Freeholders</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 1, 1983 – January 29, 1988</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Doris W. Dealaman</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kip_Bateman" title="Kip Bateman">Kip Bateman</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Christine Temple Todd</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1946-09-26</span>) </span>September 26, 1946<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 78)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Forward_Party_(United_States)" title="Forward Party (United States)">Forward</a> (2022–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political<br />affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> (until 2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/John_Whitman_(businessman)" title="John Whitman (businessman)">John Whitman</a><br /></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="April 20, 1974">1974</span>; died <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="July 2, 2015">2015</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Webster_B._Todd" title="Webster B. Todd">Webster B. Todd</a> (father) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kate_Whitman_Annis" title="Kate Whitman Annis">Kate Whitman Annis</a> (daughter)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Massachusetts)" title="Wheaton College (Massachusetts)">Wheaton College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Christine Temple Whitman</b> (<span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a> <b>Todd</b></span>; born September 26, 1946) is an American politician and author who served as the 50th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey" title="Governor of New Jersey">governor of New Jersey</a> from 1994 to 2001 and as <a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a> under President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> from 2001 to 2003. As of 2025<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Whitman is the only woman to have served as governor of New Jersey. </p><p>Born in New York City to a <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> political family, Whitman graduated from <a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Massachusetts)" title="Wheaton College (Massachusetts)">Wheaton College</a> in 1968 and began her political career in the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">Nixon administration</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Economic_Opportunity" title="Office of Economic Opportunity">Office of Economic Opportunity</a>. After coming within three percentage points of unseating U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Bill_Bradley" title="Bill Bradley">Bill Bradley</a> in 1990, she ran for governor of <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, defeating Democratic incumbent <a href="/wiki/Jim_Florio" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Florio">Jim Florio</a>. A self-described <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Republican" title="Rockefeller Republican">Rockefeller Republican</a>, Whitman defeated Democrat <a href="/wiki/Jim_McGreevey" title="Jim McGreevey">Jim McGreevey</a> to win re-election in 1997. She remained governor until stepping down in 2001 to become Administrator of the <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a>, where she served until 2003. During her tenure at the EPA, Whitman was noted for having assured the public that the air in lower Manhattan was safe to breathe following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001; she apologized in 2016 for having made this statement. </p><p>In 2022, Whitman joined former Democratic presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Yang" title="Andrew Yang">Andrew Yang</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Forward_Party_(United_States)" title="Forward Party (United States)">Forward Party</a>, a centrist <a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">third party</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life,_family,_and_education"><span id="Early_life.2C_family.2C_and_education"></span>Early life, family, and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life, family, and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Christine Todd Whitman was born Christine Temple Todd in New York City on September 26, 1946. Her mother was Eleanor Prentice Todd (née Schley) and her father businessman <a href="/wiki/Webster_B._Todd" title="Webster B. Todd">Webster B. Todd</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both the Todds and the Schleys were wealthy and prominent New Jersey political families.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Schleys were among the first New Yorkers to move to the area that later became <a href="/wiki/Far_Hills,_New_Jersey" title="Far Hills, New Jersey">Far Hills, New Jersey</a>, which became a popular suburb for wealthy, moderate Republicans.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Webster B. Todd amassed a fortune as a building contractor on projects including <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Center" title="Rockefeller Center">Rockefeller Center</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radio_City_Music_Hall" title="Radio City Music Hall">Radio City Music Hall</a>. He used his wealth to donate to Republican politicians and became an advisor to <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> and chaired the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Republican_State_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey Republican State Committee">New Jersey Republican State Committee</a> twice.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eleanor Prentice Todd served as a Republican national committeewoman, led the New Jersey Federation of Republican Women,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and served as vice chair of the Republican National Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eleanor Prentice Todd's political activity caused a newspaper to speculate that she could be a viable candidate for governor, although she never chose to run for office.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Christine Todd grew up on her family's farm, Pontefract, in <a href="/wiki/Oldwick,_New_Jersey" title="Oldwick, New Jersey">Oldwick, New Jersey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She had three older siblings, including brothers Webster and Danny.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the age of nine, she attended the <a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956 Republican National Convention</a> and met President Eisenhower.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a child, Todd attended <a href="/wiki/Far_Hills_Country_Day_School" title="Far Hills Country Day School">Far Hills Country Day School</a> before being sent to boarding school at <a href="/wiki/Foxcroft_School" title="Foxcroft School">Foxcroft</a> in Virginia.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Todd disliked being so far away from home and after a year, she transferred to the <a href="/wiki/The_Chapin_School_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chapin School (Manhattan)">Chapin School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, allowing her to return home on the weekends.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After graduating from <a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheaton College, Massachusetts">Wheaton College</a> in 1968 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in government, Todd worked for <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a>'s presidential campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Christine Todd married John Whitman in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christine Todd Whitman worked for the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Economic_Opportunity" title="Office of Economic Opportunity">Office of Economic Opportunity</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whitman served on the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_trustees" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of trustees">board of trustees</a> of Somerset County College (later renamed <a href="/wiki/Raritan_Valley_Community_College" title="Raritan Valley Community College">Raritan Valley Community College</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elected to two terms on the Somerset County <a href="/wiki/Board_of_County_Commissioners_(New_Jersey)" title="Board of County Commissioners (New Jersey)">Board of Chosen Freeholders</a>, she served for five-and-one-half years beginning in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1988 to 1990, during the tenure of Gov. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kean" title="Thomas Kean">Thomas Kean</a>, she served as president of the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Board_of_Public_Utilities" title="New Jersey Board of Public Utilities">New Jersey Board of Public Utilities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1990, Whitman ran for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> against incumbent Bill Bradley, losing a close election.<sup id="cite_ref-1990elections_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1990elections-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was considered an underdog against the popular Bradley, but performed better than expected despite being outspent 12-to-one.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her performance endeared her to the party base and made her the leading public advocate of the anti-tax cause.<sup id="cite_ref-perot_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perot-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whitman continued to build her profile by founding a <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee</a>, the Committee for an Affordable New Jersey, through which she campaigned for Republican candidates in the 1991 midterm elections.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman took on a full campaign speaking schedule through October 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1993, Whitman helped to found the <a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Responsible_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee for Responsible Government">Committee for Responsible Government</a>, an advocacy group espousing moderate positions in the Republican Party.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1997, the group renamed itself the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Leadership_Council" title="Republican Leadership Council">Republican Leadership Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_New_Jersey">Governor of New Jersey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Governor of New Jersey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Governor_And_President.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Governor_And_President.jpg/250px-Governor_And_President.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Governor_And_President.jpg/330px-Governor_And_President.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Governor_And_President.jpg/500px-Governor_And_President.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2752" data-file-height="4105" /></a><figcaption>Whitman with Princeton President <a href="/wiki/Harold_Tafler_Shapiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Tafler Shapiro">Harold Tafler Shapiro</a> in October 1994</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_208_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-21-1999_in_New_Jersey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/FEMA_-_208_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-21-1999_in_New_Jersey.jpg/250px-FEMA_-_208_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-21-1999_in_New_Jersey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/FEMA_-_208_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-21-1999_in_New_Jersey.jpg/330px-FEMA_-_208_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-21-1999_in_New_Jersey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/FEMA_-_208_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-21-1999_in_New_Jersey.jpg/500px-FEMA_-_208_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-21-1999_in_New_Jersey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1691" /></a><figcaption>FEMA Director James Lee Witt meets with Governor Whitman and other New Jersey officials to discuss the response to <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Floyd" title="Hurricane Floyd">Hurricane Floyd</a>, September 21, 1999.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1993">1993</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1993"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1993_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1993 New Jersey gubernatorial election">1993 New Jersey gubernatorial election</a></div> <p>After winning a Republican primary,<sup id="cite_ref-1993prim_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1993prim-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman ran against incumbent <a href="/wiki/James_Florio" title="James Florio">James Florio</a> for governor of New Jersey in <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election,_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey gubernatorial election, 1993">the 1993 general election</a>. Whitman won the election by a <a href="/wiki/Plurality_(voting)" title="Plurality (voting)">plurality</a>, defeating Florio by one percentage point<sup id="cite_ref-1993gen_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1993gen-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to become the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_female_state_governors_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of female state governors in the United States">female governor</a> in New Jersey history. As of 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, she is the only woman to have served as governor of New Jersey.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charges of suppression of minority votes were raised during Whitman's 1993 campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two days after the election, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Rollins" title="Ed Rollins">Ed Rollins</a>, Whitman's campaign manager, bragged about having spent $500,000 to suppress the black vote.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman denied Rollins's claim and demanded an apology and a retraction.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An investigation into Rollins's claim found no wrongdoing.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1997">1997</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1997"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1997_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1997 New Jersey gubernatorial election">1997 New Jersey gubernatorial election</a></div> <p>Whitman was re-elected in 1997, narrowly defeating Democrat Jim McGreevey, the mayor of <a href="/wiki/Woodbridge_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Woodbridge Township, New Jersey">Woodbridge Township</a>. Whitman again prevailed by a one-point margin and received a plurality of the votes.<sup id="cite_ref-1997gen_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1997gen-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Murray_Sabrin" title="Murray Sabrin">Murray Sabrin</a>, a college professor who ran as a <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> candidate, finished third with five percent of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-1997gen_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1997gen-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During her tenure, Whitman was described as a <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Republican" title="Rockefeller Republican">Rockefeller Republican</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a <a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)#Liberals" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">liberal Republican</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as a <a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)#Moderates" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">moderate Republican</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1995, the <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i> called Whitman "an East Coast blue blood, a woman who grew up in the horse country of New Jersey and attended some of the nation's most exclusive private schools". The <i>Post</i> added, "At a time when the party's base has moved to the South, the West, the working class and the religious right, Whitman is a throwback with roots in the patrician Republican politics of three and four decades ago". Whitman "freely calls herself a pro-choice, Rockefeller Republican".<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whitman pledged during the 1993 campaign that she would lower state taxes by 10% a year for three years. Once in office, she kept the campaign promise, and lowered income taxes.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decline in the tax burden made it likely that the issue of tax revenue shortfall would be addressed later. Jim Saxton, in a report to the federal congress, argued that New Jersey's income tax cuts improved "the well-being of the New Jersey family", and would not lead to an increase in property taxes.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1995, Whitman was criticized for saying that young African-American males sometimes played a game known as <i>jewels in the crown</i>, which she claimed had as its intent having as many children as possible out of wedlock. Whitman subsequently apologized and voiced her opposition to attempts by Congressional Republicans to bar unwed teenage mothers from receiving welfare payments.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in 1995, the Republican Party selected Whitman to deliver the party's State of the Union response.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She became the first woman to deliver a State of the Union response by herself; her speech was also the first State of the Union response given to a live audience.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1996, Whitman rejected a recommendation from the Governor's Council on AIDS to spend tax money on a needle exchange to reduce incidence of HIV infections.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aids_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aids-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1997, Whitman repealed the one percentage-point increase to the state sales tax that her predecessor Governor Florio had imposed, reducing the rate from 7% to 6%, instituted education reforms, and removed excise taxes on <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">professional wrestling</a>, which led the <a href="/wiki/World_Wrestling_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wrestling Entertainment">World Wrestling Federation</a> to resume events in New Jersey. As a result, she was made honorary <a href="/wiki/WWF_Champion" class="mw-redirect" title="WWF Champion">WWF Champion</a> and awarded a replica belt by <a href="/wiki/Gorilla_Monsoon" title="Gorilla Monsoon">Gorilla Monsoon</a> at that year's <a href="/wiki/SummerSlam_(1997)" title="SummerSlam (1997)">SummerSlam</a> pay-per-view.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1999, Whitman vetoed a ban on <a href="/wiki/Partial_birth_abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Partial birth abortion">partial birth abortion</a>. Her veto was <a href="/wiki/Veto_override" class="mw-redirect" title="Veto override">overridden</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the statute was subsequently declared unconstitutional by the judiciary.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1999, Whitman fired Colonel Carl A. Williams, head of the New Jersey State Police, after he was quoted as saying that cocaine and marijuana traffickers were often members of minority groups, while the methamphetamine trade was controlled primarily by white biker gangs.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Democratic Senator <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lautenberg" title="Frank Lautenberg">Frank Lautenberg</a> announced that he would not seek re-election in 2000, Whitman considered running for U.S. Senate,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but ultimately decided against it.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whitman resigned from office on January 31, 2001, to become administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cabinet_and_administration">Cabinet and administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cabinet and administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width:auto;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;margin-left:0; margin-right:0; float:none; clear:none;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="line-height:1.5em;font-size:110%;background:#DCDCDC;text-align:center">The Whitman Cabinet<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><th>Office</th><th>Name</th><th>Term</th></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#000"></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey" title="Governor of New Jersey">Governor</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Christine Todd Whitman</th><td>January 18, 1994 – January 31, 2001</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Military_and_Veterans_Affairs" title="New Jersey Department of Military and Veterans Affairs">Adjutant General</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Major General Vito Morgano</th><td>April 9, 1990 – April 4, 1994</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Major General Paul Glazar</th><td>April 4, 1994 – January 15, 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Agriculture" title="New Jersey Department of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Arthur R. Brown Jr.</th><td>July 1, 1982 – January 15, 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_New_Jersey" title="Attorney General of New Jersey">Attorney General</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Poritz" title="Deborah Poritz">Deborah Poritz</a></th><td>January 18, 1994 – July 10, 1996</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Verniero" title="Peter Verniero">Peter Verniero</a></th><td>July 10, 1996 – May 15, 1999</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Paul Zoubek</th><td>May 15, 1999 – June 3, 1999 (acting)</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Farmer_Jr." title="John Farmer Jr.">John Farmer Jr.</a></th><td>June 3, 1999 – January 15, 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Banking_and_Insurance" title="New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance">Commissioner of Banking and Insurance</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Randall" title="Elizabeth Randall">Elizabeth Randall</a></th><td>March 10, 1994 – August 24, 1998</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Jaynee_LaVecchia" title="Jaynee LaVecchia">Jaynee LaVecchia</a></th><td>August 24, 1998 – January 18, 2000</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Karen Suter</th><td>January 18, 2000 – October 3, 2001</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td>Commissioner of Commerce</td><th style="font-weight:bold">Gualberto Medina</th><td>January 31, 1994 – August 28, 1998</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Community_Affairs" title="New Jersey Department of Community Affairs">Commissioner of Community Affairs</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Harriet_E._Derman" title="Harriet E. Derman">Harriet E. Derman</a></th><td>February 7, 1994 – May 1, 1996</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Jane Kenny</th><td>May 1, 1996 – November 18, 2001</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Corrections" title="New Jersey Department of Corrections">Commissioner of Corrections</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">William H. Fauver</th><td>January 18, 1978 – December 31, 1997</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Gary Hilton</th><td>January 1, 1998 – March 2, 1998 (acting)</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">John Terhune</th><td>March 3, 1998 – January 1, 2001</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Education" title="New Jersey Department of Education">Commissioner of Education</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Leo Klagholz</th><td>February 23, 1994 – April 4, 1999</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/David_C._Hespe" title="David C. Hespe">David C. Hespe</a></th><td>April 5, 1999 – February 26, 2001</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Environmental_Protection" title="New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection">Commissioner of Environmental Protection</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Shinn_Jr." title="Robert C. Shinn Jr.">Robert C. Shinn Jr.</a></th><td>February 7, 1994 – January 15, 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Health" title="New Jersey Department of Health">Commissioner of Health and Senior Services</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Len Fishman</th><td>January 23, 1994 – March 1999</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Christine Grant</th><td>June 21, 1999 – August 10, 2001</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Human_Services" title="New Jersey Department of Human Services">Commissioner of Human Services</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">William Waldman</th><td>December 1, 1992 – June 30, 1998</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Michele (Kent) Guhl</th><td>July 1, 1998 – February 1, 2001</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Banking_and_Insurance" title="New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance">Commissioner of Insurance</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Andrew Karpinski</th><td>July 6, 1994 – October 12, 1995</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Randall" title="Elizabeth Randall">Elizabeth Randall</a></th><td>October 13, 1995 – June 27, 1996</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Labor_and_Workforce_Development" title="New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development">Commissioner of Labor and Workforce <br />Development</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Peter Calderone</th><td>January 18, 1994 – January 1997</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Melvin Gelade</th><td>January 27, 1997 – June 2000</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Mark Boyd</th><td>June 26, 2000 – January 15, 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">Personnel Commissioner</td><th style="font-weight:bold">Linda Anselmini</th><td>March 10, 1994 – January 20, 1998</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Janice Mitchell Mintz</th><td>February 4, 1998 – January 15, 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_New_Jersey" title="Secretary of State of New Jersey">Secretary of State</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Lonna_Hooks" title="Lonna Hooks">Lonna Hooks</a></th><td>January 18, 1994 – June 30, 1998</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Carol Cronheim</th><td>July 1, 1998 – January 11, 1999 (acting)</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/DeForest_Soaries" title="DeForest Soaries">DeForest Soaries</a></th><td>January 12, 1999 – January 15, 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Transportation" title="New Jersey Department of Transportation">Commissioner of Transportation</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Frank Wilson</th><td>April 6, 1994 – December 31, 1996</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">John Haley, Jr.</th><td>January 6, 1997 – December 7, 1998</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Weinstein_(New_Jersey_official)" title="James Weinstein (New Jersey official)">James Weinstein</a></th><td>December 7, 1998 – January 15, 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background:#D1D1D1"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="New Jersey Department of the Treasury">State Treasurer</a></td><th style="font-weight:bold">Brian Clymer</th><td>January 24, 1994 – June 30, 1997</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">James DiEleuterio</th><td>July 1, 1997 – August 13, 1999</td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr><th style="font-weight:bold">Roland Machold</th><td>August 30, 1999 – February 1, 2001</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vice_presidential_speculation">Vice presidential speculation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Vice presidential speculation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whitman was mentioned as a potential Republican vice presidential candidate in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <i>The New York Times</i>, Whitman "seemed to be on a short list of vice presidential candidates in 2000, right up until July 8, 2000 – days before the opening of the Republican National Convention in Philadelphia – when a four-year-old photograph surfaced showing an oddly smiling Governor Whitman, surrounded by law enforcement agents, frisking a black drug suspect on a street in Camden".<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1996, Whitman had joined a <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_State_Police" title="New Jersey State Police">New Jersey State Police</a> patrol in <a href="/wiki/Camden,_New_Jersey" title="Camden, New Jersey">Camden, New Jersey</a>. During the patrol, the officers stopped a 16-year-old African American male named Sherron Rolax and frisked him. The police did not find any contraband on Rolax's person, but Whitman frisked the youth as well. A state trooper photographed the act. In 2000, the image of the smiling governor frisking Rolax was published in newspapers statewide, drawing criticism from <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil rights">civil rights</a> leaders who saw the incident as a violation of Rolax's civil rights and an endorsement of racial profiling by Whitman (especially since Rolax was not arrested or charged). Whitman later told the press that she regretted the incident, and pointed to her efforts in 1999 to oppose the New Jersey State Police force's racial profiling practices.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ultimately, then-Republican presidential nominee George W. Bush selected <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> as his running mate in the 2000 presidential election. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="EPA_Administrator">EPA Administrator</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: EPA Administrator"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_George_W._Bush_meets_with_Colin_Powell,_Spencer_Abraham,_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/President_George_W._Bush_meets_with_Colin_Powell%2C_Spencer_Abraham%2C_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg/250px-President_George_W._Bush_meets_with_Colin_Powell%2C_Spencer_Abraham%2C_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/President_George_W._Bush_meets_with_Colin_Powell%2C_Spencer_Abraham%2C_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg/330px-President_George_W._Bush_meets_with_Colin_Powell%2C_Spencer_Abraham%2C_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/President_George_W._Bush_meets_with_Colin_Powell%2C_Spencer_Abraham%2C_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg/500px-President_George_W._Bush_meets_with_Colin_Powell%2C_Spencer_Abraham%2C_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="347" /></a><figcaption>Whitman in a meeting with President George W. Bush, <a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spencer_Abraham" title="Spencer Abraham">Spencer Abraham</a> in February 2003</figcaption></figure> <p>Whitman was appointed by President George W. Bush as Administrator of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a>, taking office on January 31, 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-EPAbio_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPAbio-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WHappt_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHappt-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the final weeks of the <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Clinton</a> administration in January 2001, the administration ratified a new drinking water standard of 0.01 mg/L (10 parts per billion, or ppb) of <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a>, to take effect in January 2006. The old drinking water standard of 0.05 mg/L (equal to 50 ppb) arsenic had been in effect since 1942, and the EPA, since the late 1980s, had weighed the pros and cons of lowering the <a href="/wiki/Maximum_contaminant_level" title="Maximum contaminant level">maximum contaminant level</a> (MCL) of arsenic.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The incoming Bush administration suspended the <a href="/wiki/Midnight_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Midnight regulation">midnight regulation</a>, but after months of research, the EPA approved the new 10 ppb arsenic standard to take effect in January 2006 as initially planned.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2001, the EPA produced a report detailing the expected effects of <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a> in each state in the country. President Bush dismissed the report as the work of "the bureaucracy."<sup id="cite_ref-climate_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post_9/11_air_quality_claims_controversy"><span id="Post_9.2F11_air_quality_claims_controversy"></span>Post 9/11 air quality claims controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Post 9/11 air quality claims controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a> in New York City, she appeared there twice to inform New Yorkers that the toxins released by the attacks posed no threat to their health.<sup id="cite_ref-whitman911_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitman911-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 18, the EPA released a report in which Whitman said, "Given the scope of the tragedy from last week, I am glad to reassure the people of New York and Washington, D.C. that their air is safe to breathe and their water is safe to drink." She also said, "The concentrations are such that they don't pose a health hazard...We're going to make sure everybody is safe."<sup id="cite_ref-epadust_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epadust-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, a 2003 report by the EPA's <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Inspector_General_(United_States)" title="Office of Inspector General (United States)">Inspector General</a> determined that the assurance was misleading, because the EPA "did not have sufficient data and analyses" to justify it.<sup id="cite_ref-report2003P00012_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report2003P00012-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A July 2003 report from the EPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response provided extensive documentation supporting many of the inspector general's conclusions.<sup id="cite_ref-towercollapse_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-towercollapse-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The report further found that the White House had "convinced EPA to add reassuring statements and delete cautionary ones" by having the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Security_Council" title="United States National Security Council">National Security Council</a> control EPA communications after the September 11 attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-whitehouseedit_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitehouseedit-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 27, 2003, after having several public conflicts with the Bush administration, Whitman resigned.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-whitmanresign_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitmanresign-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2006, legal proceedings began on the responsibility of government officials in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/September_11,_2001_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="September 11, 2001 attacks">September 11, 2001 attacks</a>. Whitman was among the defendants. The plaintiffs alleged that Whitman was at fault for saying that the <a href="/wiki/Health_effects_arising_from_the_September_11,_2001_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Health effects arising from the September 11, 2001 attacks">downtown New York air</a> was safe in the aftermath of the attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 20, 2007, a three-judge panel of the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Whitman and other EPA officials could not be held liable for saying that the air was safe to breathe. The panel "reasoned that the government's interest in returning New York to normalcy following the attacks should protect it from lawsuits alleging that the government made false statements about air quality." <sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview in 2007, Whitman stated that Vice President Dick Cheney's insistence on easing air pollution controls, not the personal reasons she cited at the time, led to her resignation.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, Cheney pushed the EPA to institute a new rule allowing power plants to make major alterations without installing costly new pollution controls.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman stepped down in protest against such demand by the White House, she said.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She decided that because she did not agree with the rule, she would not be able to defend it if it were to be challenged in a legal action.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_57-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The federal court eventually overturned the rule on the ground that it violated the Clean Air Act.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_57-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, Whitman apologized for the first time for her declaration a week after 9/11 that the air in lower Manhattan was safe to breathe.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-government_career">Post-government career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Post-government career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External audio</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="audio icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nuvola_apps_arts.svg/20px-Nuvola_apps_arts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nuvola_apps_arts.svg/40px-Nuvola_apps_arts.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4468239">Christine Todd Whitman: Battle for the GOP Core</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fresh_Air" title="Fresh Air">Fresh Air</a>, January 27, 2005<sup id="cite_ref-far_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-far-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dirk_Kempthorne_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Dirk_Kempthorne_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg/220px-Dirk_Kempthorne_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Dirk_Kempthorne_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg/330px-Dirk_Kempthorne_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Dirk_Kempthorne_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg/440px-Dirk_Kempthorne_and_Christine_Todd_Whitman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Whitman with <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Kempthorne" title="Dirk Kempthorne">Dirk Kempthorne</a> in May 2008</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christine_Whitman_speaks_to_cadets_during_the_Hedrick_Fellow_event_at_the_Coast_Guard_Academy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Christine_Whitman_speaks_to_cadets_during_the_Hedrick_Fellow_event_at_the_Coast_Guard_Academy.jpg/220px-Christine_Whitman_speaks_to_cadets_during_the_Hedrick_Fellow_event_at_the_Coast_Guard_Academy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Christine_Whitman_speaks_to_cadets_during_the_Hedrick_Fellow_event_at_the_Coast_Guard_Academy.jpg/330px-Christine_Whitman_speaks_to_cadets_during_the_Hedrick_Fellow_event_at_the_Coast_Guard_Academy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Christine_Whitman_speaks_to_cadets_during_the_Hedrick_Fellow_event_at_the_Coast_Guard_Academy.jpg/440px-Christine_Whitman_speaks_to_cadets_during_the_Hedrick_Fellow_event_at_the_Coast_Guard_Academy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3271" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>Whitman speaks to cadets during the Hedrick Fellow event at the Coast Guard Academy in March 2017</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_activism">Political activism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Political activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In early 2005, Whitman released a book entitled <i>It's My Party, Too: Taking Back the Republican Party... And Bringing the Country Together Again</i> in which she criticized the policies of the <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. Bush administration">George W. Bush administration</a> and its electoral strategy: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The defining feature of the conservative viewpoint is a faith in the ability, and a respect for the right, of individuals to make their own decisions – economic, social, and spiritual – about their lives. The true conservative understands that government's track record in respecting individual rights is poor when it dictates individual choices.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The last chapter of that book, entitled "A Time for Radical Moderates", speaks to <a href="/wiki/Radical_center_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Radical center (politics)">radical centrists</a> across the political spectrum.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year as her book was released, Whitman formed a <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee</a> called It's My Party Too (IMP-PAC), to assist electoral campaigns of moderate Republicans at all levels of government.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/2006_midterm_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 midterm elections">2006 midterm elections</a>, IMP-PAC was merged into RLC-PAC, the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Leadership_Council" title="Republican Leadership Council">Republican Leadership Council</a>'s PAC.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whitman "is co-founder and president of The Whitman Strategy Group, a consulting firm specializing in government relations, and environmental and energy issues".<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Whitman was named to the board of <a href="/wiki/Americans_Elect" title="Americans Elect">Americans Elect</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mak_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mak-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2013, Whitman supported legal recognition of same-sex marriage in an amicus brief to the U.S. Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2015, Whitman is a member of the ReFormers Caucus of <a href="/wiki/Issue_One" title="Issue One">Issue One</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The group, which included 100 other former elected officials advocated for campaign finance reform.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, Whitman was named the co-chair of the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On February 26, 2016, she endorsed <a href="/wiki/John_Kasich" title="John Kasich">John Kasich</a> in his <a href="/wiki/John_Kasich_presidential_campaign,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="John Kasich presidential campaign, 2016">bid seeking the GOP nomination for presidential candidate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She said that <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> was using "fascist" tactics in his campaign and after <a href="/wiki/Chris_Christie" title="Chris Christie">Chris Christie</a>'s endorsement of Trump said that, in the case of a Trump nomination by the GOP, she would vote for <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, Whitman wrote an op-ed calling Trump unfit for office and urging other Republicans to pressure him to step down.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2020, Whitman endorsed former Massachusetts Governor <a href="/wiki/Bill_Weld" title="Bill Weld">Bill Weld</a> for president in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Republican Party presidential primaries">Republican primaries</a>, in which he was challenging incumbent president Donald Trump.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman spoke at the <a href="/wiki/2020_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2020 Democratic National Convention">2020 Democratic National Convention</a>, endorsing Democratic nominee <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> over Republican nominee <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whitman co-founded the States United Democracy Center in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, as of 2022, serves as its co-chair.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her States United capacity, she was among the former state officials who submitted testimony to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Select_Committee_on_the_January_6_Attack" title="United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack">U.S. House of Representatives Select Committee to Investigate the January 6 Attack on the United States Capitol</a>, arguing that the attack was part of "a sustained and coordinated effort by the former president and his anti-democracy allies to suppress voting rights, delegitimize free and fair elections, and subvert the will of the voters by overturning election results deemed undesirable to their movement."<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2022, Whitman was among three former Republican governors who submitted a friend-of-the-court brief to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a>, urging the court to uphold provisions of the federal <a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965">Voting Rights Acts of 1965</a> that protect minority voters from having their voting power diluted.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, Whitman joined former Democratic presidential candidate Andrew Yang to create the <a href="/wiki/Forward_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forward (United States)">Forward Party</a>, a centrist third party.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whitman is a senior fellow at the <a href="/wiki/Kettering_Foundation" title="Kettering Foundation">Kettering Foundation</a>, an American <a href="/wiki/Nonpartisanship" title="Nonpartisanship">non-partisan</a> research foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corporate_activity">Corporate activity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Corporate activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2008, Whitman served on the board of directors of <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and <a href="/wiki/United_Technologies" title="United Technologies">United Technologies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Whitman is also co-chair of the CASEnergy Coalition,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and in 2007, voiced support for a stronger future role of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power" title="Nuclear power">nuclear power</a> in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-sfgate_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sfgate-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman joined the board of the <a href="/wiki/American_Security_Project" title="American Security Project">American Security Project</a> in April 2010;<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> by 2015, she served as chairperson of its board of directors.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At a 1973 inaugural ball for Richard Nixon, Christine had her first date with <a href="/wiki/John_Whitman_(businessman)" title="John Whitman (businessman)">John R. Whitman</a> (1944–2015), an old friend she had met while a student at Chapin.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pair married the next year.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman was a businessman and an investment banker; he was also the grandson of early 20th-century <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Whitman" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles S. Whitman">Charles S. Whitman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Friedman_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Friedman-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While governor, Whitman used Pontefract, the family farm on which she was raised, as her primary residence.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman had purchased the property in 1991 following the death of her mother.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John Whitman died on July 2, 2015, at age 71 following a June 2015 head injury.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With her late husband, Whitman has two children: daughter <a href="/wiki/Kate_Whitman_Annis" title="Kate Whitman Annis">Kate</a> and son Taylor.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kate Whitman has followed her mother into politics, including an unsuccessful run for the U.S. House of Representatives and having worked as a congressional aide.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, Kate Whitman was named executive director of the Republican Leadership Council, her mother's organization which promotes moderate Republicanism.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whitman has seven grandchildren.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whitman has been a resident of <a href="/wiki/Tewksbury_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Tewksbury Township, New Jersey">Tewksbury Township, New Jersey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Jersey,_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in New Jersey, 1990">United States Senate election in New Jersey, 1990</a><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party (US)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Bradley" title="Bill Bradley">Bill Bradley</a> (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">977,810 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">50.44 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (US)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Christine Todd Whitman </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">918,874 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">47.40 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>New Jersey gubernatorial election 1993 – Republican primary<sup id="cite_ref-1993prim_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1993prim-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (US)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Christine Todd Whitman </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">159,765 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">39.96 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (US)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/W._Cary_Edwards" title="W. Cary Edwards">W. Cary Edwards</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">131,587 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">32.91 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (US)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/James_Wallwork" title="James Wallwork">James Wallwork</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">96,034 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">24.02 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election,_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey gubernatorial election, 1993">New Jersey gubernatorial election, 1993</a><sup id="cite_ref-1993gen_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1993gen-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Christine Todd Whitman </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,236,124 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">49.33 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Florio" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Florio">Jim Florio</a> (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,210,031 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">48.29 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election,_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey gubernatorial election, 1997">New Jersey gubernatorial election, 1997</a><sup id="cite_ref-1997gen_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1997gen-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Christine Todd Whitman (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,133,394 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">46.87 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGreevey" title="Jim McGreevey">Jim McGreevey</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,107,968 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">45.82 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Murray_Sabrin" title="Murray Sabrin">Murray Sabrin</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">114,172 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">4.72 </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EPA_9/11_pollution_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="EPA 9/11 pollution controversy">EPA 9/11 pollution controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_effects_arising_from_the_September_11_attacks" title="Health effects arising from the September 11 attacks">Health effects arising from the September 11 attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_governors_in_the_United_States" title="List of female governors in the United States">List of female governors in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPulley1997" class="citation web cs1">Pulley, Brett (November 5, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/05/nyregion/woman-in-the-news-christine-todd-whitman-just-in-time-a-listener.html">"Woman in the News: Christine Todd Whitman; Just in Time, a Listener"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Woman+in+the+News%3A+Christine+Todd+Whitman%3B+Just+in+Time%2C+a+Listener&rft.date=1997-11-05&rft.aulast=Pulley&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1997%2F11%2F05%2Fnyregion%2Fwoman-in-the-news-christine-todd-whitman-just-in-time-a-listener.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBumiller1995" class="citation news cs1">Bumiller, Elisabeth (January 24, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1995/01/24/christine-whitman-sharpshooter/5bfd36cb-6c81-4904-84f0-a04c426af22b/">"CHRISTINE WHITMAN, SHARPSHOOTER"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=CHRISTINE+WHITMAN%2C+SHARPSHOOTER&rft.date=1995-01-24&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Bumiller&rft.aufirst=Elisabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1995%2F01%2F24%2Fchristine-whitman-sharpshooter%2F5bfd36cb-6c81-4904-84f0-a04c426af22b%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGray1993" class="citation news cs1">Gray, Jerry (June 9, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/09/nyregion/whitman-pursues-family-business.html">"Whitman Pursues 'Family Business'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Women+Governors&rft.pub=Center+for+American+Women+and+Politics%2C+Rutgers+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcawp.rutgers.edu%2Ffacts%2Flevels-office%2Fstatewide-elective-executive%2Fhistory-women-governors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hanson, Christopher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071210061432/http://backissues.cjrarchives.org/year/94/1/cynicism.asp">"Insider Cynicism: Ed Rollins Meets the Press"</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>, <i><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Journalism_Review" title="Columbia Journalism Review">Columbia Journalism Review</a></i>, January/February 1994. Retrieved October 22, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGray1993" class="citation news cs1">Gray, Jerry (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/11/nyregion/whitman-denies-report-by-aide-that-campaign-paid-off-blacks.html">"Whitman Denies Report by Aide That Campaign Paid Off Blacks"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Whitman+Denies+Report+by+Aide+That+Campaign+Paid+Off+Blacks&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F11%2F11%2Fnyregion%2Fwhitman-denies-report-by-aide-that-campaign-paid-off-blacks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1997gen-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1997gen_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1997gen_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1997gen_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nj.gov/state/elections/assets/pdf/election-results/1997/1997-general-election-results-governor.pdf">"Gubernatorial General Election Returns for Election held November 4, 1997"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>New Jersey Department of State</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Jersey+Department+of+State&rft.atitle=Gubernatorial+General+Election+Returns+for+Election+held+November+4%2C+1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nj.gov%2Fstate%2Felections%2Fassets%2Fpdf%2Felection-results%2F1997%2F1997-general-election-results-governor.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNovak1997" class="citation news cs1">Novak, Robert (October 27, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1997/10/27/jerseys-rockefeller-republican/ab788abb-fc41-43dd-8fbe-c956a673007a/">"Jersey's Rockefeller Republican"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Jersey%27s+Rockefeller+Republican&rft.date=1997-10-27&rft.aulast=Novak&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fopinions%2F1997%2F10%2F27%2Fjerseys-rockefeller-republican%2Fab788abb-fc41-43dd-8fbe-c956a673007a%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1995-12-15-1995349031-story.html">"A woman on the ticket? Whitman for Dole: New Jersey governor could pull GOP back to center"</a>. <i>Baltimore Sun</i>. December 15, 1995.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=A+woman+on+the+ticket%3F+Whitman+for+Dole%3A+New+Jersey+governor+could+pull+GOP+back+to+center.&rft.date=1995-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2Fnews%2Fbs-xpm-1995-12-15-1995349031-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csmonitor.com/2000/1227/p10s1.html">"Bush's Choices: Cabinet"</a>. <i>Christian Science Monitor</i>. December 27, 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Bush%27s+Choices%3A+Cabinet&rft.date=2000-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F2000%2F1227%2Fp10s1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPreston1996" class="citation web cs1">Preston, Jennifer (March 28, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/28/us/politics-the-vice-presidency-new-jersey-governor-quells-rumors-of-running.html">"POLITICS: THE VICE PRESIDENCY - New Jersey Governor Quells Rumors Of Running"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=POLITICS%3A+THE+VICE+PRESIDENCY+-+New+Jersey+Governor+Quells+Rumors+Of+Running&rft.date=1996-03-28&rft.aulast=Preston&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F03%2F28%2Fus%2Fpolitics-the-vice-presidency-new-jersey-governor-quells-rumors-of-running.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFConnollyBaker1997" class="citation news cs1">Connolly, Ceci; Baker, Peter (August 4, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/njgov/stories/njgov080497.htm">"Governor Whitman and Abortion Foes"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Governor+Whitman+and+Abortion+Foes&rft.date=1997-08-04&rft.aulast=Connolly&rft.aufirst=Ceci&rft.au=Baker%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fpolitics%2Fnjgov%2Fstories%2Fnjgov080497.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TcG4v4QoAcEC&pg=PA32"><i>Desperately Copying Christie</i></a>. New York Magazine. October 31, 1994<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Desperately+Copying+Christie&rft.pub=New+York+Magazine&rft.date=1994-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTcG4v4QoAcEC%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Still Titled: Christine Todd Whitman, the income tax cut, and the property tax issue. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20091105060945/http://stilltitled.com/post/233095528/does%2Dchristie%2Dchristine">"Does Christie = Christine"</a>, <i>[Still Titled]</i>, November 4, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120603125814/http://articles.philly.com/1995-04-14/news/25685766_1_unwed-mothers-venomous-character-remarks">"Whitman Remark Triggers Another Skirmish On Race She Said Out-of-wedlock Births Were A Sign Of Pride Among Black Males. She Apologized – Fast"</a>. <i>Philly.com</i>. 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July 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sentinel+Colorado&rft.atitle=John+Whitman%2C+husband+of+former+New+Jersey+governor%2C+dies&rft.date=2015-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsentinelcolorado.com%2Fnation-world%2Fjohn-whitman-husband-of-former-new-jersey-governor-dies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chen, David W. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/30/nyregion/30whitman.html?_r=1&scp=2&sq=%22Kate+Whitman%22&st=nyt&oref=slogin">"Former Governor’s Daughter Seeks a Congressional Seat in New Jersey"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, November 30, 2007. Retrieved June 5, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20070729234432/http://www.upi.com/NewsTrack/Top_News/2002/12/18/upis_capital_comment_for_dec_18_2002/8144/">"UPI's Capital Comment for December 18, 2002"</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a>, December 18, 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://themoderatevoice.com/politics/12215/on-the-road-to-reform-an-interview-with-kate-whitman/">"On the Road to Reform: An Interview with Kate Whitman"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120718213349/http://themoderatevoice.com/politics/12215/on-the-road-to-reform-an-interview-with-kate-whitman/">Archived</a> July 18, 2012, at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>, <i>The Moderate Voice</i>, April 16, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cohen, Joyce. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/22/travel/havens-weekender-tewksbury-nj.html">"HAVENS; Weekender | Tewksbury, N.J."</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, November 22, 2002. Retrieved March 14, 2011. "The most famous resident is New Jersey's former governor Christine Todd Whitman, now administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, whose family owns a farm there."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/assets/pdf/election-results/1990/1990-general-election-results-us-senate.pdf">"U.S. Senate General Election Returns for Election held November 6, 1990"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>New Jersey Department of State</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Jersey+Department+of+State&rft.atitle=U.S.+Senate+General+Election+Returns+for+Election+held+November+6%2C+1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.nj.us%2Fstate%2Felections%2Fassets%2Fpdf%2Felection-results%2F1990%2F1990-general-election-results-us-senate.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Todd+Whitman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Laura Flanders, <i>Bushwomen</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85984-587-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-85984-587-8">1-85984-587-8</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Christine_Todd_Whitman" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Christine Todd Whitman">Christine Todd Whitman</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Christine_Todd_Whitman" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Christine Todd Whitman">Christine Todd Whitman</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_new_jersey/col2-content/main-content-list/title_whitman_christine.html">New Jersey Governor Christine Todd Whitman</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Governors_Association" title="National Governors Association">National Governors Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?1243">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/whitman.html#RJD0V2DA4">biographical information for Christine Todd Whitman</a> from <a href="/wiki/The_Political_Graveyard" title="The Political Graveyard">The Political Graveyard</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trailblazinggovernors.net/2011/11/christie-todd-whitman/">Christine Todd Whitman brief bio</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cfr.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/FY17%20Membership%20Roster.pdf">Membership</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations" title="Council on Foreign Relations">Council on Foreign Relations</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mary_V._Mochary" title="Mary V. Mochary">Mary Mochary</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from New Jersey">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" class="mw-redirect" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 2</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1990 United States Senate election in New Jersey">1990</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Zimmer_(New_Jersey_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dick Zimmer (New Jersey politician)">Dick Zimmer</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Courter" title="Jim Courter">Jim Courter</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey" title="Governor of New Jersey">Governor of New Jersey</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1993_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1993 New Jersey gubernatorial election">1993</a>, <a href="/wiki/1997_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1997 New Jersey gubernatorial election">1997</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bret_Schundler" title="Bret Schundler">Bret Schundler</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Response_to_the_State_of_the_Union_address" title="Response to the State of the Union address">Response to the State of the Union address</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1995_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1995 State of the Union Address">1995</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Doris W. Dealaman</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_County,_New_Jersey" title="Somerset County, New Jersey">Somerset County</a> <a href="/wiki/Board_of_chosen_freeholders" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of chosen freeholders">Board of Chosen Freeholders</a> </b><br />1983–1988 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kip_Bateman" title="Kip Bateman">Kip Bateman</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Florio" title="James Florio">James Florio</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey" title="Governor of New Jersey">Governor of New Jersey</a> </b><br />1994–2001 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Donald_DiFrancesco" title="Donald DiFrancesco">Donald DiFrancesco</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Browner" title="Carol Browner">Carol Browner</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a> </b><br />2001–2003 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Mike Leavitt</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kean" title="Thomas Kean">Thomas Kean</a></div><i><b>as Former Governor </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Donald_DiFrancesco" title="Donald DiFrancesco">Donald DiFrancesco</a></div><i><b>as Former Governor </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governors_of_New_Jersey" title="Template:Governors of New Jersey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_New_Jersey" title="Template talk:Governors of New Jersey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governors_of_New_Jersey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governors of New Jersey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_New_Jersey754" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of governors of New Jersey">Governors of New Jersey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">Proprietary Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Carteret_(colonial_governor)" title="Philip Carteret (colonial governor)">Carteret</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_New_Jersey.svg/120px-Seal_of_New_Jersey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_New_Jersey.svg/250px-Seal_of_New_Jersey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="513" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">East New Jersey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Carteret_(colonial_governor)" title="Philip Carteret (colonial governor)">Carteret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Barclay" title="Robert Barclay">Barclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Basse" title="Jeremiah Basse">Basse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Hamilton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">West New Jersey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Byllynge" title="Edward Byllynge">Byllynge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Coxe" title="Daniel Coxe">Coxe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Basse" title="Jeremiah Basse">Basse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="Andrew Hamilton (New Jersey governor)">Hamilton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">Dominion of New England</a> <br /> <span class="nobold">(1688–89)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Andros" title="Edmund Andros">Andros</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">Royal governors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hyde,_3rd_Earl_of_Clarendon" title="Edward Hyde, 3rd Earl of Clarendon">Viscount Cornbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lovelace,_4th_Baron_Lovelace" title="John Lovelace, 4th Baron Lovelace">Baron Lovelace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ingoldesby" title="Richard Ingoldesby">Ingoldesby</a> (Lt. Gov.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hunter_(colonial_administrator)" title="Robert Hunter (colonial administrator)">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Burnet_(colonial_administrator)" title="William Burnet (colonial administrator)">Burnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Montgomerie" title="John Montgomerie">Montgomerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Morris_(governor)" title="Lewis Morris (governor)">Morris</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cosby" title="William Cosby">Cosby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Anderson_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="John Anderson (New Jersey politician)">Anderson</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="John Hamilton (New Jersey politician)">Hamilton</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_West,_1st_Earl_De_La_Warr" title="John West, 1st Earl De La Warr">Lord De La Warr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Morris_(governor)" title="Lewis Morris (governor)">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="John Hamilton (New Jersey politician)">Hamilton</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reading_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="John Reading (New Jersey governor)">Reading</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Belcher" title="Jonathan Belcher">Belcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reading_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="John Reading (New Jersey governor)">Reading</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pownall" title="Thomas Pownall">Pownall</a> (Lt. Gov.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reading_(New_Jersey_governor)" title="John Reading (New Jersey governor)">Reading</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Francis_Bernard,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet">Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Boone_(governor)" title="Thomas Boone (governor)">Boone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Hardy" title="Josiah Hardy">Hardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Franklin" title="William Franklin">Franklin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">State</a> <br /> <span class="nobold">(since 1776)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Livingston" title="William Livingston">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Paterson_(judge)" title="William Paterson (judge)">Paterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Howell" title="Richard Howell">Howell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bloomfield" title="Joseph Bloomfield">Bloomfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ogden" title="Aaron Ogden">Ogden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sanford_Pennington" title="William Sanford Pennington">W. S. Pennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlon_Dickerson" title="Mahlon Dickerson">M. Dickerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Halstead_Williamson" title="Isaac Halstead Williamson">Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Dumont_Vroom" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Dumont Vroom">Vroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Southard" title="Samuel L. Southard">Southard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_P._Seeley" title="Elias P. Seeley">Seeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Dumont_Vroom" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Dumont Vroom">Vroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philemon_Dickerson" title="Philemon Dickerson">P. Dickerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pennington" title="William Pennington">W. Pennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Haines" title="Daniel Haines">Haines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Stratton" title="Charles C. Stratton">Stratton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Haines" title="Daniel Haines">Haines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Franklin_Fort" title="George Franklin Fort">G. F. Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodman_M._Price" title="Rodman M. Price">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Newell" title="William A. Newell">Newell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Smith_Olden" title="Charles Smith Olden">Olden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Parker_(politician)" title="Joel Parker (politician)">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Lawrence_Ward" title="Marcus Lawrence Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_F._Randolph" title="Theodore F. Randolph">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Parker_(politician)" title="Joel Parker (politician)">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D._Bedle" title="Joseph D. Bedle">Bedle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._McClellan" title="George B. McClellan">McClellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Ludlow" title="George C. Ludlow">Ludlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Abbett" title="Leon Abbett">Abbett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stockton_Green" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Stockton Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Abbett" title="Leon Abbett">Abbett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Theodore_Werts" title="George Theodore Werts">Werts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Griggs" title="John W. Griggs">Griggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_McGowan_Voorhees" title="Foster McGowan Voorhees">Voorhees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Murphy_(governor)" title="Franklin Murphy (governor)">F. Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Stokes" title="Edward C. Stokes">Stokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Fort" title="John Franklin Fort">J. F. Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fairman_Fielder" title="James Fairman Fielder">Fielder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_E._Edge" title="Walter E. Edge">Edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Nelson_Runyon" title="William Nelson Runyon">Runyon</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_I._Edwards" title="Edward I. Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sebastian_Silzer" title="George Sebastian Silzer">Silzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Harry_Moore" title="A. Harry Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Foster_Larson" title="Morgan Foster Larson">Larson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Harry_Moore" title="A. Harry Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_G._Hoffman" title="Harold G. Hoffman">Hoffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Harry_Moore" title="A. Harry Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edison" title="Charles Edison">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_E._Edge" title="Walter E. Edge">Edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_E._Driscoll" title="Alfred E. Driscoll">Driscoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Meyner" title="Robert B. Meyner">Meyner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Hughes" title="Richard J. Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_T._Cahill" title="William T. Cahill">Cahill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Byrne" title="Brendan Byrne">Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kean" title="Thomas Kean">Kean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Florio" title="James Florio">Florio</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_DiFrancesco" title="Donald DiFrancesco">DiFrancesco</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGreevey" title="Jim McGreevey">McGreevey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Codey" title="Richard Codey">Codey</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Corzine" title="Jon Corzine">Corzine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Christie" title="Chris Christie">Christie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Murphy" title="Phil Murphy">P. Murphy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>* Under <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.justia.com/codes/new-jersey/2009/title-52/section-52-15/52-15-5/">N.J.S.A. 52:15-5</a> (as amended in 2005), an acting governor serving for 180 continuous days or more is conferred the title of Governor.</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Administrators_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency110" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrators_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Template:Administrators of the Environmental Protection Agency"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Administrators_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Template talk:Administrators of the Environmental Protection Agency"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Administrators_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Administrators of the Environmental Protection Agency"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Administrators_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency110" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrators of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Ruckelshaus" title="William Ruckelshaus">Ruckelshaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_E._Train" title="Russell E. Train">Train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_M._Costle" title="Douglas M. Costle">Costle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Gorsuch_Burford" title="Anne Gorsuch Burford">Gorsuch Burford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ruckelshaus" title="William Ruckelshaus">Ruckelshaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_M._Thomas" title="Lee M. Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_K._Reilly" title="William K. Reilly">Reilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Browner" title="Carol Browner">Browner</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Leavitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L._Johnson_(politician,_born_1951)" title="Stephen L. Johnson (politician, born 1951)">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_P._Jackson" title="Lisa P. Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gina_McCarthy" title="Gina McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Pruitt" title="Scott Pruitt">Pruitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_R._Wheeler" title="Andrew R. Wheeler">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_S._Regan" title="Michael S. Regan">Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Zeldin" title="Lee Zeldin">Zeldin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_the_United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_the_United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_the_United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_George_W._Bush_(2001–2009)121" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Template:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Template talk:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_George_W._Bush_(2001–2009)121" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2001–2009)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet2452" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vice_presidency_of_Dick_Cheney" title="Vice presidency of Dick Cheney">2001–2009</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="16" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/100px-George-W-Bush.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/150px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/200px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="3000" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> (<a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice_as_Secretary_of_State" title="Condoleezza Rice as Secretary of State">2005–2009</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._O%27Neill" title="Paul H. O'Neill">Paul H. O'Neill</a> (2001–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Snow" title="John W. Snow">John W. Snow</a> (2003–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Paulson" title="Henry Paulson">Henry Paulson</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Donald Rumsfeld</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gates" title="Robert Gates">Robert Gates</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">John Ashcroft</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Gonzales" title="Alberto Gonzales">Alberto Gonzales</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mukasey" title="Michael Mukasey">Michael Mukasey</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gale_Norton" title="Gale Norton">Gale Norton</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Kempthorne" title="Dirk Kempthorne">Dirk Kempthorne</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Veneman" title="Ann Veneman">Ann Veneman</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johanns" title="Mike Johanns">Mike Johanns</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Schafer" title="Ed Schafer">Ed Schafer</a> (2008–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Evans" title="Donald Evans">Donald Evans</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Gutierrez" title="Carlos Gutierrez">Carlos Gutierrez</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao">Elaine Chao</a> (2001–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Thompson" title="Tommy Thompson">Tommy Thompson</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Mike Leavitt</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez">Mel Martínez</a> (2001–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Jackson" title="Alphonso Jackson">Alphonso Jackson</a> (2004–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Preston" title="Steve Preston">Steve Preston</a> (2008–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Mineta" title="Norman Mineta">Norman Mineta</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_E._Peters" title="Mary E. Peters">Mary E. Peters</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Energy" title="United States Secretary of Energy">Secretary of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Abraham" title="Spencer Abraham">Spencer Abraham</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bodman" title="Samuel Bodman">Samuel Bodman</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education" title="United States Secretary of Education">Secretary of Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Paige" title="Rod Paige">Rod Paige</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Spellings" title="Margaret Spellings">Margaret Spellings</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs">Secretary of Veterans Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Principi" title="Anthony Principi">Anthony Principi</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nicholson_(Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Nicholson (Secretary of Veterans Affairs)">Jim Nicholson</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Peake" title="James Peake">James Peake</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary of Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Ridge" title="Tom Ridge">Tom Ridge</a> (2003–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chertoff" title="Michael Chertoff">Michael Chertoff</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level847" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christine Todd Whitman</a> (2001–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Mike Leavitt</a> (2003–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L._Johnson_(politician,_born_1951)" title="Stephen L. Johnson (politician, born 1951)">Stephen L. Johnson</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Director of the Office of Management and Budget</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_Daniels" title="Mitch Daniels">Mitch Daniels</a> (2001–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bolten" title="Joshua Bolten">Joshua Bolten</a> (2003–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Portman" title="Rob Portman">Rob Portman</a> (2006–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Jim Nussle</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Trade Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zoellick" title="Robert Zoellick">Robert Zoellick</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Portman" title="Rob Portman">Rob Portman</a> (2005–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Schwab" title="Susan Schwab">Susan Schwab</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_National_Drug_Control_Policy" title="Office of National Drug Control Policy">Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Walters" title="John P. Walters">John P. Walters</a> (2001–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Card" title="Andrew Card">Andrew Card</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bolten" title="Joshua Bolten">Joshua Bolten</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q435267#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1513" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q435267#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1513" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q435267#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121199483">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/9061998">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/329211/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpPHTgG8vD4QbTvdQRtKd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/130837962">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n93095415">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007459417305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500278475">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/944925">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/098515160">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10573575">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w65823bm">SNAC</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6708pr5">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&oldid=1282219124">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christine_Todd_Whitman&oldid=1282219124</a>"</div></div> <div 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