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searchaux" style="display:none">Islamic scholar and Grand Mufti of Batavia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Habib" title="Habib">Habib</a></div><div class="fn">Uthman bin Yahya</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="nickname" lang="ar">عثمان بن يحيى</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Habib-utsman-bin-yahya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Habib-utsman-bin-yahya.jpg/200px-Habib-utsman-bin-yahya.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Habib-utsman-bin-yahya.jpg/300px-Habib-utsman-bin-yahya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Habib-utsman-bin-yahya.jpg/400px-Habib-utsman-bin-yahya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="418" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Habib Uthman</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Usman</div><br />1822 CE<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Pekojan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pekojan">Pekojan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia, Dutch East Indies</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1913 (aged 90–91)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia, Dutch East Indies</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Kelurahan_Pondok_Bambu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelurahan Pondok Bambu">Pondok Bambu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Habib Usman bin Yahya</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama">Islamic scholar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mufti" title="Mufti">Mufti</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Mufti of Batavia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data">preaching</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data title"><a href="/wiki/Habib" title="Habib">Habib</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Abdullah bin Aqil (father)<br />Aminah (mother)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Usman bin Yahya</b>, <b>Utsman ibn Yahya</b> or <b>Othman bin Yahya</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عثمان بن يحيى</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">‘Uthmān bin Yahyā</i></span>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Arabic pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[ʕuθma:n<span class="wrap"> </span>bin<span class="wrap"> </span>jɑħjɑ:]</a></span> full name: (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">سيد عثمان بن عبد الله بن عقيل بن يحيى العلوي</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Sayyid ‘Uthmān ibn ‘Abdallāh ibn ‘Aqīl ibn Yaḥyā al-‘Alawī</i></span>) 1822 <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">CE</a>/17 <a href="/wiki/Rabi%27_al-awwal" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabi' al-awwal">Rabi' al-awwal</a> 1238 <a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">AH</a> – 1913 CE/21 <a href="/wiki/Safar" title="Safar">Safar</a> 1331 AH) was an Islamic scholar who served as <a href="/wiki/Grand_Mufti" title="Grand Mufti">Grand Mufti</a> of <a href="/wiki/History_of_Jakarta" title="History of Jakarta">Batavia</a> in 19th century of <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usman_bin_Yahya&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Habib" title="Habib">Habib</a> Uthman bin Yahya was born in <a href="/wiki/Pekojan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pekojan">Pekojan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a> in 1822 <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">CE</a> (17 <a href="/wiki/Rabi%27_al-awwal" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabi' al-awwal">Rabi' al-awwal</a> 1238 <a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">AH</a>). Uthman came from the <a href="/wiki/Ba_%27Alawi_sada" title="Ba 'Alawi sada">Ba 'Alawi sada</a> family from his father, <a href="/wiki/Sayyid" title="Sayyid">Sayyid</a> Abdullah bin Aqil bin Umar bin Yahya. His mother was Aminah, a daughter of Shaykh Abdurrahman, who was the cousin to the scholar <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_al-Misri" title="Abdullah al-Misri">Abdullah al-Misri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father, Abdullah, and his grandfather, Aqil, were born in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, while his great grandfather, Umar, was born in the village of Qarah al-Shaikh in <a href="/wiki/Hadhramaut" title="Hadhramaut">Hadhramaut</a>, who later moved and died in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>. <a href="/wiki/Snouck_Hurgronje" class="mw-redirect" title="Snouck Hurgronje">Snouck Hurgronje</a> explained that his grandfather was a respected scholar as Sheikh of Sadah for 50 years and died in Mecca in 1823 CE/1238 AH.<sup id="cite_ref-jejak_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jejak-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His father moved to Mecca when Uthman was 3 years old, so Uthman was taken care of by his grandfather, Aqil. His grandfather has many other sons, besides the father of Uthman. Many of his sons became scholars in Mecca, such as Sayyid Ishaq, who died in the city of <a href="/wiki/Ta%27if" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta'if">Ta'if</a>, and Sayyid Qasim who continued Agil's leadership as <i>Shaikh of Sada</i> in Mecca.<sup id="cite_ref-jejak_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jejak-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uthman had a family relationship with <a href="/wiki/Ali_Kwitang" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Kwitang">Habib Ali Kwitang</a> through one of his daughters named Sidah, who married Abdul Qadir, the brother of Habib Ali Kwitang. </p><p>Uthman died in 1913 CE (precisely on 21 Safar 1331 AH) at more than 90 years of age. He was buried in the <a href="/wiki/Karet_Bivak_Cemetery" title="Karet Bivak Cemetery">Karet public cemetery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tanah_Abang" title="Tanah Abang">Tanah Abang</a> to fulfil his will. Later on, during relocation of the cemetery, his family moved his grave to <a href="/wiki/Kelurahan_Pondok_Bambu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelurahan Pondok Bambu">Kelurahan Pondok Bambu</a>, where his grave is still well preserved in the south part of the mosque of al-Abidin in Pondok Bambu, <a href="/wiki/East_Jakarta" title="East Jakarta">East Jakarta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jakarta_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jakarta-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tamanhabaib_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tamanhabaib-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usman_bin_Yahya&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Uthman studied <a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir">Tafsir</a> and other Islamic sciences such as <a href="/wiki/Akhlaq" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhlaq">Akhlaq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Tawhid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">Fiqh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic_grammar" title="Arabic grammar">Nahwu Sharaf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy</a> under the care of his maternal grandfather, Shaykh Abdurrahman bin Ahmad Al-Mishri. After the death of his grandfather when he was 18 years old, Uthman went for <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">hajj</a> and met his father and relatives in Mecca. There, for seven years he studied Islamic sciences under his father and <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Zayni_Dahlan" title="Ahmad Zayni Dahlan">Ahmad Zayni Dahlan</a>, the Mufti of Mecca at the time. Uthman continued his journey in the pursuit of knowledge to <a href="/wiki/Hadhramaut" title="Hadhramaut">Hadhramaut</a> in 1848. There, he studied under Habib Abdullah bin Umar and his maternal uncle Habib Husein bin Abdullah (later on, one of his teacher's grandson, Sayyid Muhammad bin Agil which was married to Uthman's daughters).<sup id="cite_ref-jejak_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jejak-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He also went to and studied in Egypt and once married to an Egyptian woman. He continued his journey to Tunisia, where he often exchanged ideas with the Mufti of <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>. From Tunisia he then studied in <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> and later continued on to <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> to study under various Moroccan scholars. He deepened his knowledge in <a href="/wiki/Shariah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shariah">Shariah</a> in those North African countries before going to Syria to meet with scholars there. He continued his journey to present-day Turkey, which was still under the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultanate">Ottoman Sultanate</a>. Later, he went to <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> in <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a> before returning to Mecca.<sup id="cite_ref-jakarta_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jakarta-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usman_bin_Yahya&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Rabi 'al-Awwal 1279 AH (1862 CE) he went back to Batavia after 22 years of journey to seek knowledge and settled in <a href="/wiki/Petamburan,_Tanah_Abang" title="Petamburan, Tanah Abang">Petamburan, Tanah Abang</a> area. Over there, he wrote and compiled books, especially about <i>amalil yaum</i> (daily remembrances) and books about <a href="/wiki/Sin" title="Sin">sins</a>, unbelieving, <a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">polytheism</a> and on subjects that are contrary to <a href="/wiki/Aqidah" title="Aqidah">Aqidah</a>. In his life, he has written about 116 books.<sup id="cite_ref-jakarta_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jakarta-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the books he authored, <i>al-Qaw</i>ā<i>nin al-Syar'iyyah li ahli al-Maj</i>ā<i>lisi al-Hukmiyati wal ‘Iftiayati</i>, was even used as a reference in the religious courts system in Indonesia at least until the 1950s. </p><p>To make ends meet for him and his family, Uthman founded his own printing company named <i>Pertjetakan Batu</i>. Moreover, his lithographic printing press is the first in Indonesia and became a pillar of the local spreading of intellectualism within the period.<sup id="cite_ref-rabithah_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rabithah-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He also opened his <i>Majelis Taklim</i> (a gathering to seek religious knowledge) which was attended by many people including some other scholars from all over Batavia and surrounding areas, Among his students was <a href="/wiki/Habib_Ali_Kwitang" class="mw-redirect" title="Habib Ali Kwitang">Habib Ali Alhabsyi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jakarta_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jakarta-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also plays an important role in the founding of <a href="/wiki/Jamiat_Kheir" title="Jamiat Kheir">Jamiat Kheir</a>, an education foundation in Batavia in 1908. </p><p>Uthman was appointed as Mufti of Batavia in 1871 (1289 AH). The Dutch government paid him a monthly stipend starting from 1889 until his death to provide advice on Islamic policy, with the title of <i>Honorary Adviser for Arab Affairs</i> in 1891.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a mufti, many parties criticized Uthman for his closeness with the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Oriental_studies" title="Oriental studies">orientalist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snouck_Hurgronje" class="mw-redirect" title="Snouck Hurgronje">Snouck Hurgronje</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hamid_Algadri" title="Hamid Algadri">Hamid Algadri</a> in his book<sup id="cite_ref-alqadri_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alqadri-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wrote that his proximity to Snouck was based on his belief at that time that he (Snouck) was a Muslim. He did not know that Snouck only pretended to convert to Islam. The cooperation between Snouck and Uthman began when Snouck was still in <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a> as suggested in one of Snouck's letter on 8 July 1888 <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">CE</a> (28 Shawwal 1305 <a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">AH</a>). After his arrival in Batavia in May 1889, Snouck discussed with the newly appointed <a href="/wiki/Governor_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor General">Governor General</a> <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Pijnacker_Hordijk" title="Cornelis Pijnacker Hordijk">Cornelis Pijnacker Hordijk</a> the possibility to employ Uthman in colonial administration. Snouck also nominated Uthman as his assistant with an allowance of 100 <a href="/wiki/Dutch_guilder" title="Dutch guilder">guilders</a>. Snouck suggested for himself to pay Uthman discreetly to avoid diminishing his authority among Muslims. All of Snouck's requests were granted by the colonial administration<sup id="cite_ref-diaspora_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diaspora-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uthman was also active in local politics. Along with Hugronje he interfered with the appointment of a new <a href="/wiki/Kapten_Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapten Arab">Kapten Arab</a> in Batavia in 1901 by supporting and pushing 'Umar Manqush instead of Balwael as candidate. On 27 March 1905, he was appointed as a native member of the municipal council of Batavia in 1905, but resigned on 27 July 1905. He most probably accepted the brief position under pressure from Snouck.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usman_bin_Yahya&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Habib Uthman's attitudes in politics were sometimes quite controversial, especially in his position on jihad and Holy War, particularly concerning a riot against the Dutch in <a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banten" title="Banten">Banten</a>. Although Habib Uthman had good reason in his argument, many scholars alleged him as a colonial stooge. Moreover, he was also hard against mystical practices, as he wrote in the book <i>Manhaj al-Istiqamah</i>. In a letter dated March 26, 1891, Snouck wrote about Sayyid Uthman's opinions in regards to <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihad</a> which was interpreted incorrectly by some Indonesian Muslims:<i> "Many people were 'misled' by some law doctrines of jihad, and they thought that a Muslim person is justified in the presence of God to do acts such as to take possessions of the unbelievers, Chinese or dutch people for himself ... "</i><sup id="cite_ref-tamanhabaib_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tamanhabaib-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Uthman also assisted Hurgronje by issuing fatwa to support the <a href="/wiki/Aceh_War" title="Aceh War">Dutch war against Aceh</a>. </p><p>Among other incidents which drew the ire of <a href="/wiki/Arab_Indonesians" title="Arab Indonesians">Batavians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arab_Singaporean" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab Singaporean">Singaporean Arabs</a> was Habib Uthman's reading of prayer on the occasion of the coronation of Queen <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands" title="Wilhelmina of the Netherlands">Wilhelmina</a> in 1898, at which time the <i><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Netherlands_Lion" title="Order of the Netherlands Lion">Orde van de Nederlandsche Leeuw</a></i> (Order of Netherlands Lion) was conferred on him. Calling him as <i>friend of unbelievers</i>, his opponents condemned Habib Uthman in letters to the Arabic Press and pamphlets printed in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hadhrami_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hadhrami-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="His_work">His work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usman_bin_Yahya&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: His work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kamus_kecil.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Kamus_kecil.pdf/page1-170px-Kamus_kecil.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Kamus_kecil.pdf/page1-255px-Kamus_kecil.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Kamus_kecil.pdf/page1-340px-Kamus_kecil.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption><i>Kamus kecil</i> (<a href="/wiki/Jawi_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Jawi alphabet">Jawi</a>: <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">قاموس عربية ملايو سوندا</span></span> "an <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a> dictionary") by Uthman</figcaption></figure> <p>Uthman published religious books in Arabic and Malay (written in <a href="/wiki/Jawi_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Jawi alphabet">Jawi</a> script) on his own <a href="/wiki/Lithographic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithographic">lithographic</a> press.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usman_bin_Yahya&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSyamsu_As1996" class="citation book cs1">Syamsu As, Muhammad (1996). <i>Ulama Pembawa Islam Di Indonesia Dan Sekitarnya</i>. Seri Buku Sejarah Islam. Vol. 4 (2 ed.). Lentera. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9798880162" title="Special:BookSources/978-9798880162"><bdi>978-9798880162</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ulama+Pembawa+Islam+Di+Indonesia+Dan+Sekitarnya&rft.series=Seri+Buku+Sejarah+Islam&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Lentera&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-9798880162&rft.aulast=Syamsu+As&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMandal2017" class="citation book cs1">Mandal, Sumit K. (2017). "A Creole Malay World". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/becoming-arab/creole-malay-world/EEDCAB7F579CA7F705C5568233C4DB69"><i>Becoming Arab: Creole Histories and Modern Identity in the Malay World</i></a>. Asian Connections. Cambridge University Press. pp. 23–42. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781108201353" title="Special:BookSources/9781108201353"><bdi>9781108201353</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+Creole+Malay+World&rft.btitle=Becoming+Arab%3A+Creole+Histories+and+Modern+Identity+in+the+Malay+World&rft.series=Asian+Connections&rft.pages=23-42&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781108201353&rft.aulast=Mandal&rft.aufirst=Sumit+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fbooks%2Fbecoming-arab%2Fcreole-malay-world%2FEEDCAB7F579CA7F705C5568233C4DB69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jejak-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jejak_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jejak_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jejak_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://profildzurriahnabi.blogspot.com/2013/11/menelusuri-jejak-keturunan-mufti-betawi.html">"Menelusuri Jejak Keturunan Mufti Betawi"</a> (in Indonesian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Menelusuri+Jejak+Keturunan+Mufti+Betawi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprofildzurriahnabi.blogspot.com%2F2013%2F11%2Fmenelusuri-jejak-keturunan-mufti-betawi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jakarta-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jakarta_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jakarta_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jakarta_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jakarta_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jakarta.go.id/web/encyclopedia/detail/856/Habib-Usman-bin-Adullah-bin-Yahya">"Habib Usman bin Abdullah bin Yahya"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Habib+Usman+bin+Abdullah+bin+Yahya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jakarta.go.id%2Fweb%2Fencyclopedia%2Fdetail%2F856%2FHabib-Usman-bin-Adullah-bin-Yahya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tamanhabaib-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tamanhabaib_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tamanhabaib_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tamanhabaib.blogspot.com/2008/06/habib-usman-bin-yahya-sang-mufti.html">"Habib Usman bin Yahya, Sang Mufti Batavia Pada Abad 19"</a> (in Indonesian). June 8, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Habib+Usman+bin+Yahya%2C+Sang+Mufti+Batavia+Pada+Abad+19&rft.date=2008-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftamanhabaib.blogspot.com%2F2008%2F06%2Fhabib-usman-bin-yahya-sang-mufti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rabithah-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rabithah_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Muhammad, Noufal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rabithah-alawiyah.org/id/habib-utsman-bin-yahya-sang-mufti-betawi/">"Habib Utsman bin Yahya, Sang Mufti Betawi"</a> (in Indonesian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Habib+Utsman+bin+Yahya%2C+Sang+Mufti+Betawi&rft.aulast=Muhammad&rft.aufirst=Noufal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rabithah-alawiyah.org%2Fid%2Fhabib-utsman-bin-yahya-sang-mufti-betawi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen,_AbigailViaene,_Vincent2012" class="citation book cs1">Green, Abigail; Viaene, Vincent, eds. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P5ogeiVS1TsC&pg=PA240"><i>Religious Internationals in the Modern World: Globalization and Faith Communities Since 1750</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137031716" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137031716"><bdi>978-1-137031716</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religious+Internationals+in+the+Modern+World%3A+Globalization+and+Faith+Communities+Since+1750&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-137031716&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP5ogeiVS1TsC%26pg%3DPA240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-alqadri-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-alqadri_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlgadri1994" class="citation book cs1">Algadri, Hamid (1994). <i>Dutch Policy Against Islam and Indonesians of Arab Descent in Indonesia</i>. LP3ES. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9798391347" title="Special:BookSources/978-9798391347"><bdi>978-9798391347</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dutch+Policy+Against+Islam+and+Indonesians+of+Arab+Descent+in+Indonesia&rft.pub=LP3ES&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-9798391347&rft.aulast=Algadri&rft.aufirst=Hamid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-diaspora-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-diaspora_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbushouk,_Ahmed_IbrahimIbrahim,_Hassan_Ahmed2009" class="citation book cs1">Abushouk, Ahmed Ibrahim; Ibrahim, Hassan Ahmed, eds. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ERxpSqVIPjIC&pg=PA43"><i>The Hadhrami Diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance Or Assimilation?</i></a>. Vol. 107. Brill. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9-004172319" title="Special:BookSources/978-9-004172319"><bdi>978-9-004172319</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hadhrami+Diaspora+in+Southeast+Asia%3A+Identity+Maintenance+Or+Assimilation%3F&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-9-004172319&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DERxpSqVIPjIC%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaptein2014" class="citation book cs1">Kaptein, Nico J.G. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rQ2JBAAAQBAJ&q=kapten+arab&pg=PA138"><i>Islam, Colonialism and the Modern Age in the Netherlands East Indies: A Biography of Sayyid ʿUthman (1822 – 1914)</i></a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-900-4278707" title="Special:BookSources/978-900-4278707"><bdi>978-900-4278707</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 18,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%2C+Colonialism+and+the+Modern+Age+in+the+Netherlands+East+Indies%3A+A+Biography+of+Sayyid+%CA%BFUthman+%281822+%E2%80%93+1914%29&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-900-4278707&rft.aulast=Kaptein&rft.aufirst=Nico+J.G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrQ2JBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dkapten%2Barab%26pg%3DPA138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hadhrami-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hadhrami_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreitag,_UlrikeClarence-Smith,_William_G.1997" class="citation book cs1">Freitag, Ulrike; Clarence-Smith, William G., eds. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gBTbS4eNGp8C&pg=PA194"><i>Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s to 1960s</i></a>. Vol. 57 (illustrated ed.). Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9-004107717" title="Special:BookSources/978-9-004107717"><bdi>978-9-004107717</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hadhrami+Traders%2C+Scholars+and+Statesmen+in+the+Indian+Ocean%2C+1750s+to+1960s&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-9-004107717&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgBTbS4eNGp8C%26pg%3DPA194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsman+bin+Yahya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Template:Islam in Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Islam in Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islam in Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islam_in_Indonesia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Islam in Indonesia">Islam in Indonesia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Shia Islam in Indonesia">Shia Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_in_Indonesia" title="Ahmadiyya in Indonesia">Ahmadiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kejaw%C3%A8n" title="Kejawèn">Kejawèn</a></li> <li>Old divisions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abangan" title="Abangan">Abangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priyayi" title="Priyayi">Priyayi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santri" title="Santri">Santri</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Istiqlal_Mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Grand_Istiqlal_Mosque.jpg/60px-Grand_Istiqlal_Mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Grand_Istiqlal_Mosque.jpg/90px-Grand_Istiqlal_Mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Grand_Istiqlal_Mosque.jpg/120px-Grand_Istiqlal_Mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4208" data-file-height="3120" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classic era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Arsyad_al-Banjari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari (page does not exist)">Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Arsyad_al-Banjari" class="extiw" title="id:Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari">id</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawawi_al-Bantani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nawawi al-Bantani (page does not exist)">Nawawi al-Bantani</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawawi_al-Bantani" class="extiw" title="id:Nawawi al-Bantani">id</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamzah_Fansuri" title="Hamzah Fansuri">Hamzah Fansuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Yusuf" title="Sheikh Yusuf">Yusuf al-Makassari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malikussaleh" title="Malikussaleh">Malikussaleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_al-Khalidi_al-Minangkabawi" title="Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi">Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_al-Misri" title="Abdullah al-Misri">Abdullah al-Misri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padri_War" title="Padri War">Padri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tuanku_Imam_Bonjol" title="Tuanku Imam Bonjol">Tuanku Imam Bonjol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuanku_Rao" title="Tuanku Rao">Tuanku Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuanku_Tambusai" title="Tuanku Tambusai">Tuanku Tambusai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdus_Samad_al-Palimbani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdus Samad al-Palimbani (page does not exist)">Abdus Samad al-Palimbani</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdus_Samad_al-Palimbani" class="extiw" title="id:Abdus Samad al-Palimbani">id</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wali_Sanga" title="Wali Sanga">Wali Sanga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_Ampel" title="Sunan Ampel">Sunan Ampel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_Bonang" title="Sunan Bonang">Sunan Bonang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_Drajat" title="Sunan Drajat">Sunan Drajat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_Giri" title="Sunan Giri">Sunan Giri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_Gunung_Jati" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunan Gunung Jati">Sunan Gunung Jati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Ibrahim" title="Malik Ibrahim">Maulana Malik Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_Kalijaga" title="Sunan Kalijaga">Sunan Kalijaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_Kudus" title="Sunan Kudus">Sunan Kudus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_Murya" title="Sunan Murya">Sunan Murya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Rauf_al-Sinkili" class="mw-redirect" title="Abd al-Rauf al-Sinkili">Abdurrauf Singkil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mughayat_Syah" title="Ali Mughayat Syah">Ali Mughayat Syah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuanku_Nan_Tuo" title="Tuanku Nan Tuo">Tuanku Nan Tuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhanuddin_Ulakan" title="Burhanuddin Ulakan">Burhanuddin Ulakan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Usman bin Yahya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National <br />Awakening era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Ahmad_(ulama)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdullah Ahmad (ulama)">Abdullah Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Karim_Amrullah" title="Abdul Karim Amrullah">Abdul Karim Amrullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasyim_Asy%27ari" title="Hasyim Asy'ari">Hasyim Asy'ari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Dahlan" title="Ahmad Dahlan">Ahmad Dahlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahir_bin_Jalaluddin" title="Tahir bin Jalaluddin">Tahir bin Jalaluddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Jamil_Jambek" title="Muhammad Jamil Jambek">Muhammad Jamil Jambek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas_Mansoer" title="Mas Mansoer">Mas Mansoer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Khatib_al-Minangkabawi" title="Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi">Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haji_Misbach" class="mw-redirect" title="Haji Misbach">Haji Misbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_ar-Rasuli" title="Sulaiman ar-Rasuli">Sulaiman ar-Rasuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Roem" title="Mohammad Roem">Mohammad Roem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasuna_Said" title="Rasuna Said">Rasuna Said</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agus_Salim" title="Agus Salim">Agus Salim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oemar_Said_Tjokroaminoto" title="Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto">Tjokroaminoto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-<br />independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Syafi%27i_Maarif" title="Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif">Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azyumardi_Azra" title="Azyumardi Azra">Azyumardi Azra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakar_Bashir" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Bakar Bashir">Abu Bakar Bashir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idham_Chalid" title="Idham Chalid">Idham Chalid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djohan_Effendi" title="Djohan Effendi">Djohan Effendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Gymnastiar" title="Abdullah Gymnastiar">Abdullah Gymnastiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamka" title="Hamka">Hamka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahid_Hasyim" title="Wahid Hasyim">Wahid Hasyim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekarmadji_Maridjan_Kartosoewirjo" title="Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosoewirjo">Kartosoewirjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurcholish_Madjid" title="Nurcholish Madjid">Nurcholish Madjid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harun_Nasution" title="Harun Nasution">Harun Nasution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Natsir" title="Mohammad Natsir">Mohammad Natsir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amien_Rais" title="Amien Rais">Amien Rais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Rizieq_Shihab" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Rizieq Shihab">Muhammad Rizieq Shihab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quraish_Shihab" title="Quraish Shihab">Quraish Shihab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27ruf_Amin" title="Ma'ruf Amin">Ma'ruf Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Said_Aqil_Siradj" title="Said Aqil Siradj">Said Aqil Siradj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Somad" title="Abdul Somad">Abdul Somad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdurrahman_Wahid" title="Abdurrahman Wahid">Abdurrahman Wahid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazid_bin_Abdul_Qadir_Jawas" title="Yazid bin Abdul Qadir Jawas">Yazid bin Abdul Qadir Jawas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Luthfi_bin_Yahya" title="Muhammad Luthfi bin Yahya">Muhammad Luthfi bin Yahya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civil society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkhairaat" title="Alkhairaat">Alkhairaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_Dakwah_Institute" title="Campus Dakwah Institute">Campus Dakwah Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidayatullah_(Islamic_organization)" title="Hidayatullah (Islamic organization)">Hidayatullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hizbut_Tahrir_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia">Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Association_of_Muslim_Intellectuals" title="Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals">Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia_Institute_of_Islamic_Dawah" title="Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah">Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Islamic_Propagation_Council" title="Indonesian Islamic Propagation Council">Indonesian Islamic Propagation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Mujahedeen_Council" title="Indonesian Mujahedeen Council">Indonesian Mujahedeen Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Ulema_Council" title="Indonesian Ulema Council">Indonesian Ulema Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Irshad_Al-Islamiya" title="Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya">Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Defenders_Front" title="Islamic Defenders Front">Islamic Defenders Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaringan_Islam_Liberal" title="Jaringan Islam Liberal">Liberal Islam Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majelis_Rasulullah" title="Majelis Rasulullah">Majelis Rasulullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammadiyah" title="Muhammadiyah">Muhammadiyah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aisyiyah" title="Aisyiyah">Aisyiyah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Students%27_Association_(Indonesia)" title="Muslim Students' Association (Indonesia)">Muslim Students' Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahdlatul_Ulama" title="Nahdlatul Ulama">Nahdlatul Ulama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansor_Youth_Movement" title="Ansor Youth Movement">GP Ansor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam%27iyyah_Ahlith_Thariqah_al-Mu%27tabarah_an-Nahdliyyah" title="Jam'iyyah Ahlith Thariqah al-Mu'tabarah an-Nahdliyyah">JATMAN</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahdlatul_Wathan" title="Nahdlatul Wathan">Nahdlatul Wathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PERSIS_(organization)" title="PERSIS (organization)">PERSIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Education_Movement" title="Islamic Education Movement">PERTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rabithah_al-Alawiyyah" title="Al-Rabithah al-Alawiyyah">Rabithah Alawiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarekat_Islam" title="Sarekat Islam">Sarekat Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumatera_Thawalib" title="Sumatera Thawalib">Sumatera Thawalib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahdah_Islamiyah" title="Wahdah Islamiyah">Wahdah Islamiyah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crescent_Star_Party_(Indonesia)" title="Crescent Star Party (Indonesia)">Crescent Star Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Nahdlatul_Community_Party" title="Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party">Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masyumi_Party" title="Masyumi Party">Masyumi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Awakening_Party" title="National Awakening Party">National Awakening Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Mandate_Party" title="National Mandate Party">National Mandate Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosperous_Justice_Party" title="Prosperous Justice Party">Prosperous Justice Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ummah_Party" title="Ummah Party">Ummah Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Development_Party" title="United Development Party">United Development Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Militia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banser" title="Banser">Banser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darul_Islam_(Indonesia)" title="Darul Islam (Indonesia)">Darul Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaah_Ansharut_Tauhid" title="Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid">Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaah_Islamiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamaah Islamiyah">Jamaah Islamiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laskar_Jihad" title="Laskar Jihad">Laskar Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujahidin_Indonesia_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mujahidin Indonesia Timur">Mujahidin Indonesia Timur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-<br />independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Spread of Islam in Indonesia">Spread of Islam in Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_embassy_to_Aceh" title="Ottoman embassy to Aceh">Ottoman embassy to Aceh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wali_Sanga" title="Wali Sanga">Wali Sanga</a></li> <li>Islamic Kingdoms in Indonesia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aceh_Sultanate" title="Aceh Sultanate">Aceh Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demak_Sultanate" title="Demak Sultanate">Demak Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kaimana" title="Kingdom of Kaimana">Kingdom of Kaimana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gowa_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Gowa Sultanate">Gowa Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate" title="Malacca Sultanate">Malacca Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mataram_Sultanate" title="Mataram Sultanate">Mataram Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samudera_Pasai_Sultanate" title="Samudera Pasai Sultanate">Samudera Pasai Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Ternate" title="Sultanate of Ternate">Ternate Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Tidore" title="Sultanate of Tidore">Tidore Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta_Sultanate" title="Yogyakarta Sultanate">Yogyakarta Sultanate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padri_War" title="Padri War">Padri War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-<br />independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta_Charter" title="Jakarta Charter">Jakarta Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petition_of_Fifty" title="Petition of Fifty">Petition of Fifty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanjung_Priok_massacre" title="Tanjung Priok massacre">Tanjung Priok massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talangsari_incident" title="Talangsari incident">Talangsari incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Aceh" title="Insurgency in Aceh">Insurgency in Aceh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maluku_sectarian_conflict" title="Maluku sectarian conflict">Maluku sectarian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poso_riots" title="Poso riots">Poso riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatwa_on_Religious_Pluralism,_Liberalism,_and_Secularism" title="Fatwa on Religious Pluralism, Liberalism, and Secularism">Fatwa on Religious Pluralism, Liberalism, and Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Madago_Raya" title="Operation Madago Raya">Operation Tinombala / Madago Raya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2016_Jakarta_protests" title="December 2016 Jakarta protests">December 2016 Jakarta protests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adat" title="Adat">Adat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_architecture_in_Indonesia" title="Mosque architecture in Indonesia">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedug" title="Bedug">Bedug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajug" title="Tajug">Tajug</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Babad_Tanah_Jawi" title="Babad Tanah Jawi">Babad Tanah Jawi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Indonesia#Clothing" title="Islam in Indonesia">Costumes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kupiah" title="Kupiah">Kupiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songkok" title="Songkok">Songkok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarong" title="Sarong">Sarong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha%E1%B8%8Dra" title="Haḍra">Hadroh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khaul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khaul (page does not exist)">Khaul</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haul_(Islam)" class="extiw" title="id:Haul (Islam)">id</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kauman" title="Kauman">Kauman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebaran" title="Lebaran">Lebaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manaqib" title="Manaqib">Manakiban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawlid" title="Mawlid">Maulid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Indonesia" title="List of mosques in Indonesia">Mosques</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Istiqlal_Mosque,_Jakarta" title="Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta">Istiqlal Mosque</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musabaqah_Tilawatil_Quran" title="Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran">Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Indonesia#Qasidah_modern" title="Music of Indonesia">Qasidah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebana" title="Rebana">Rebana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salawat" title="Salawat">Sholawatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saman_(dance)" title="Saman (dance)">Saman</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Banten" title="Sejarah Banten">Sejarah Banten</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekaten" title="Sekaten">Sekaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serak_Gulo" title="Serak Gulo">Serak Gulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slametan" title="Slametan">Slametan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suroan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suroan (page does not exist)">Suroan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suroan" class="extiw" title="id:Suroan">id</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suronan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suronan (page does not exist)">Suronan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festival_Suronan" class="extiw" title="id:Festival Suronan">id</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabligh_Akbar" title="Tabligh Akbar">Tabligh Akbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabuik" title="Tabuik">Tabuik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahlil" title="Tahlil">Tahlilan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Takbiran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takbiran (page does not exist)">Takbiran</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takbiran" class="extiw" title="id:Takbiran">id</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tausiyah" title="Tausiyah">Tausiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tirakatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tirakatan (page does not exist)">Tirakatan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirakat" class="extiw" title="id:Tirakat">id</a>]</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tombo_Ati" title="Tombo Ati">Tombo Ati</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetu_Telu" title="Wetu Telu">Wetu Telu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqowiyu" title="Yaqowiyu">Yaqowiyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya-Sin" title="Ya-Sin">Yasinan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Munir" title="Al-Munir">Al-Munir</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iqro" title="Iqro">Iqro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamiat_Kheir" title="Jamiat Kheir">Jamiat Kheir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitab_kuning" title="Kitab kuning">Kitab kuning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kota_santri" title="Kota santri">Kota santri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyai" title="Kyai">Kyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIPIA" title="LIPIA">LIPIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesantren" title="Pesantren">Pesantren</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tafsir_Al-Mishbah" class="mw-redirect" title="Tafsir Al-Mishbah">Tafsir Al-Mishbah</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_Nusantara" title="Islam Nusantara">Islam Nusantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_Yes,_Islamic_Party_No" title="Islam Yes, Islamic Party No">Islam Yes, Islamic Party No</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_criminal_law_in_Aceh" title="Islamic criminal law in Aceh">Islamic criminal law in Aceh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablighi_Jamaat" title="Tablighi Jamaat">Jama’ah Tabligh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jemaah_Tarbiyah" title="Jemaah Tarbiyah">Jemaah Tarbiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernism_(Islam_in_Indonesia)" title="Modernism (Islam in Indonesia)">Modernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalism_(Islam_in_Indonesia)" title="Traditionalism (Islam in Indonesia)">Traditionalist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td 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