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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antiquity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Antiquity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ottoman_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottoman_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Ottoman rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_revival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_revival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>National revival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_revival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern_Rumelia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Rumelia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Eastern Rumelia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Rumelia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Recent history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Population-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Population subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnicity_and_religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicity_and_religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ethnicity and religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicity_and_religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-City_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>City government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Districts_and_neighbourhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Districts_and_neighbourhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Districts and neighbourhoods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Districts_and_neighbourhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Main sights</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Main sights subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roman_City" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_City"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Roman City</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_City-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums_and_protected_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums_and_protected_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Museums and protected sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums_and_protected_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Churches,_mosques_and_temples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Churches,_mosques_and_temples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Churches, mosques and temples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Churches,_mosques_and_temples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Theatre_and_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theatre_and_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Theatre and music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theatre_and_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Capital_of_Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Capital_of_Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>European Capital of Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Capital_of_Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economic_Indicators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_Indicators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Economic Indicators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_Indicators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shopping_and_commerce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shopping_and_commerce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Shopping and commerce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shopping_and_commerce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sports and recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Honour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Plovdiv</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 100 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%81" title="بلوفديف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلوفديف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%BF%D5%AB%D6%82" title="Փլովտիւ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փլովտիւ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88" title="پلودیو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پلودیو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD" title="প্লোভদিভ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্লোভদিভ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%9E" title="Плоўдзіў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Плоўдзіў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%9E" title="Плоўдзіў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Плоўдзіў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%B2vdiv" title="Plòvdiv – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Plòvdiv" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv_(kapital_sa_rehiyon)" title="Plovdiv (kapital sa rehiyon) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Plovdiv (kapital sa rehiyon)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plowdiw" title="Plowdiw – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Plowdiw" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Φιλιππούπολη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φιλιππούπολη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%81" title="پلوودیف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پلوودیف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%A1%9C%EB%B8%8C%EB%94%94%ED%94%84" title="플로브디프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="플로브디프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%BE" title="Պլովդիվ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պլովդիվ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99%D7%91" title="פלובדיב – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פלובדיב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="პლოვდივი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პლოვდივი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovd%C3%AEv" title="Plovdîv – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Plovdîv" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippopolis" title="Philippopolis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Philippopolis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiva" title="Plovdiva – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Plovdiva" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdivas" title="Plovdivas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Plovdivas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipopul" title="Filipopul – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Filipopul" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%B4vdiv" title="Plôvdiv – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Plôvdiv" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9" title="प्लॉव्हडिव्ह – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्लॉव्हडिव्ह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A4%D8%AF%D9%8A%DA%A4" title="پلوڤديڤ – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="پلوڤديڤ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv_(stad)" title="Plovdiv (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Plovdiv (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B4%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%95" title="プロヴディフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プロヴディフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plowdiw_(Steed)" title="Plowdiw (Steed) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Plowdiw (Steed)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%81" title="پلوودیف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پلوودیف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%82owdiw" title="Płowdiw – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Płowdiw" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv_(mesto)" title="Plovdiv (mesto) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Plovdiv (mesto)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%97%D0%BB%D1%97%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Фїлїппополь – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Фїлїппополь" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%82owdiw" title="Płowdiw – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Płowdiw" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%86%DA%A4%D8%AF%DB%8C%DA%A4" title="پلۆڤدیڤ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پلۆڤدیڤ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F" title="ปลอฟดิฟ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปลอฟดิฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filibe" title="Filibe – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Filibe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plowdiw" title="Plowdiw – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Plowdiw" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Пловдив – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пловдив" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%81" title="پلوودیف – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پلوودیف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E7%BD%97%E5%A4%AB%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB" title="普罗夫迪夫 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="普罗夫迪夫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95" title="פלאוודיוו – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פלאוודיוו" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%AB%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB" title="普羅夫迪夫 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="普羅夫迪夫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Plovdiv" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" 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class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Plovdiv&params=42_9_N_24_45_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°9′N</span> <span class="longitude">24°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.150°N 24.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.150; 24.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Bulgaria</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Plovdiv</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">Пловдив</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bulgaria" title="List of cities and towns in Bulgaria">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdivcollage.png" class="mw-file-description" title="From top, left to right: Plovdiv on the banks of Maritsa • The old town at night • A street in the old town • The central street • A street • City Hall • Plovdiv Roman Theatre • Saint Marina Church • The baths and the Cyril and Methodius Church • Dzhumaya Mosque • Fountain"><img alt="From top, left to right: Plovdiv on the banks of Maritsa • The old town at night • A street in the old town • The central street • A street • City Hall • Plovdiv Roman Theatre • Saint Marina Church • The baths and the Cyril and Methodius Church • Dzhumaya Mosque • Fountain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdivcollage.png/270px-Plovdivcollage.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="599" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdivcollage.png/405px-Plovdivcollage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdivcollage.png/540px-Plovdivcollage.png 2x" data-file-width="984" data-file-height="2184" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">From top, left to right: Plovdiv on the banks of Maritsa • The old town at night • A street in the old town • The central street • A street • City Hall • <a href="/wiki/Roman_theatre_of_Philippopolis" title="Roman theatre of Philippopolis">Plovdiv Roman Theatre</a> • Saint Marina Church • The baths and the Cyril and Methodius Church • <a href="/wiki/Dzhumaya_Mosque" title="Dzhumaya Mosque">Dzhumaya Mosque</a> • Fountain</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Plovdiv"><img alt="Flag of Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Plovdiv_flag.svg/100px-Plovdiv_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Plovdiv_flag.svg/150px-Plovdiv_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Plovdiv_flag.svg/200px-Plovdiv_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="333" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Plovdiv"><img alt="Coat of arms of Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg/71px-Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="71" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg/106px-Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg/141px-Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="724" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">The city of the seven hills<br /><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">Градът на седемте хълма</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>)</span><br /><i>Gradăt na sedemte hălma</i><span class="nowrap"> </span><small>(transliteration)</small></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Ancient and eternal<br /><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">Древен и вечен</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>)</span><br /><i>Dreven i vechen</i><span class="nowrap"> </span><small>(transliteration)</small></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plovdiv is located in Bulgaria"><img alt="Plovdiv is located in Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bulgaria_location_map.svg/250px-Bulgaria_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bulgaria_location_map.svg/375px-Bulgaria_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bulgaria_location_map.svg/500px-Bulgaria_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1642" data-file-height="1036" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:68.182%;left:38.971%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Plovdiv"><img alt="Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Plovdiv</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Plovdiv within <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Bulgaria</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plovdiv is located in Balkans"><img alt="Plovdiv is located in Balkans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.524%;left:69.76%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Plovdiv"><img alt="Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Plovdiv</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Plovdiv (Balkans)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Balkans</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plovdiv is located in Europe"><img alt="Plovdiv is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/250px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/375px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/500px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1401" data-file-height="1198" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:78.606%;left:61.412%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Plovdiv"><img alt="Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Plovdiv</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Plovdiv (Europe)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Europe</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Plovdiv&params=42_9_N_24_45_E_region:BG_type:city(371536)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°9′N</span> <span class="longitude">24°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.150°N 24.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.150; 24.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Bulgaria" title="Provinces of Bulgaria">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Province" title="Plovdiv Province">Plovdiv</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Bulgaria" title="Municipalities of Bulgaria">Municipalities</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Plovdiv-city</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Plovdiv" title="List of mayors of Plovdiv">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Kostadin Dimitrov (<a href="/wiki/GERB" title="GERB">GERB</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">101.98 km<sup>2</sup> (39.37 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">164 m (538 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(15 June 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">371,536</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">368,983<sup id="cite_ref-Urban_area_population_-_Budapest_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urban_area_population_-_Budapest-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">675,586<sup id="cite_ref-European_Metropolitan_regions_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-European_Metropolitan_regions-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Plovdivchanin (m.) <br /> Plovdivchanka (f.) <br /> Пловдивчанин/Пловдивчанка (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">bg</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">EET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">4000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(+359) 032</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Car_plates" class="mw-redirect" title="Car plates">Car plates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">PB</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdiv.bg/">www.plovdiv.bg</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Plovdiv</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Пловдив</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="bg-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Bulgarian" title="Help:IPA/Bulgarian">[ˈpɫɔvdif]</a></span>) is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bulgaria" title="List of cities and towns in Bulgaria">second-largest city</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, 93 miles southeast of the capital <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>. It had a population of 371 536 as of 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> and 675,000 in the greater metropolitan area. Plovdiv is a cultural hub in Bulgaria and was the <a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capital of Culture</a> in 1999 and 2019. The city is an important economic, transport, cultural, and educational centre. Plovdiv joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016. </p><p>Plovdiv is in a fertile region of south-central Bulgaria on the two banks of the <a href="/wiki/Maritsa_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritsa River">Maritsa River</a>. The city has historically developed on seven <a href="/wiki/Syenite" title="Syenite">syenite</a> hills, some of which are 250 metres (820 feet) high. Because of these hills, Plovdiv is often referred to in Bulgaria as "The City of the Seven Hills". There is evidence of habitation in the area dating back to the 6th millennium BCE, when the first <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> settlements were established. The city was subsequently a <a href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">Thracian</a> settlement, later being conquered and ruled also by <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonians" title="Ancient Macedonians">Ancient Macedonians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celtic_settlement_of_Southeast_Europe" title="Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe">Celts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huns" title="Huns">Huns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thraco-Roman" title="Thraco-Roman">Thraco-Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgars" title="Bulgars">Bulgars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seven_Slavic_tribes" title="Seven Slavic tribes">Slavic tribes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_Empire" title="Latin Empire">Crusaders</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Turks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plovdiv1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Philippopolis (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: Φιλιππούπολις) was founded as a <i><a href="/wiki/Polis" title="Polis">polis</a></i> by the father of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip the Great">Philip the Great</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 359–336 BCE</span>), the king of ancient <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Macedonia</a>, settling there both Thracians and 2,000 <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonians" title="Ancient Macedonians">Macedonians</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">Greeks</a>) in 342 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Control of the city alternated between the Macedonian kingdom and the Thracian <a href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian kingdom</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic period</a>; the Macedonian king <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Macedon" title="Philip V of Macedon">Philip V</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 221–179 BCE</span>) reoccupied the city in 183 BCE and his successor <a href="/wiki/Perseus_of_Macedon" title="Perseus of Macedon">Perseus</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 179–168 BCE</span>) held the city with the Odrysians until the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> conquered the Macedonian kingdom in 168 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philippopolis became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">Roman province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thracia" title="Thracia">Thracia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was at the centre of the road network of inland Thrace, and the strategic <i><a href="/wiki/Via_Militaris" title="Via Militaris">Via Militaris</a></i> was crossed by several other roads at the site, leading to the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Roman_emperor" title="Roman emperor">Roman emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 161–180 CE</span>) built a new <a href="/wiki/Defensive_wall" title="Defensive wall">wall</a> around the city.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Late_Antiquity" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a>, Philippopolis was an important stronghold, but was sacked in 250 during the <a href="/wiki/Crisis_of_the_Third_Century" title="Crisis of the Third Century">Crisis of the Third Century</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Philippopolis_(250)" title="Siege of Philippopolis (250)">Siege of Philippopolis</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Cniva" title="Cniva">Cniva</a>. After this the settlement contracted, though it remained a major city, with the city walls rebuilt and new Christian <a href="/wiki/Basilicas" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilicas">basilicas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_baths" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman baths">Roman baths</a> constructed in the 4th century.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was again sacked by the <a href="/wiki/Huns" title="Huns">Huns</a> in 441/442, and the walls were again rebuilt.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roman Philippopolis resisted another attack, by the <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars">Avars</a> in the 580s, after the walls were renewed yet again by <a href="/wiki/Justinian_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Justinian the Great">Justinian the Great</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 527–565</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, Philippopolis fell to the <a href="/wiki/Bulgars" title="Bulgars">Bulgars</a> of the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a> in 863, during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Boris_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Boris I">Boris I</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 852–889</span>), having been briefly abandoned by the Christian inhabitants in 813 during a dispute with the <i><a href="/wiki/Khan_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Khan of Bulgaria">khan</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Krum" title="Krum">Krum</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 803</span> – 814</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Bulgarian_wars" title="Byzantine–Bulgarian wars">Byzantine–Bulgarian wars</a>, the emperor <a href="/wiki/Basil_the_Bulgar-Slayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Basil the Bulgar-Slayer">Basil the Bulgar-Slayer</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 960–1025</span>) used Philippopolis as a major strategic fortification, governed by the <i><a href="/wiki/Protospatharios" title="Protospatharios">protospatharios</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_Xiphias" title="Nikephoros Xiphias">Nikephoros Xiphias</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the middle 11th century, the city was attacked by the <a href="/wiki/Pechenegs" title="Pechenegs">Pechenegs</a>, who occupied it briefly around 1090.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city continued to prosper, with the walls restored in the 12th century, during which the historian and politician <a href="/wiki/Niketas_Choniates" title="Niketas Choniates">Niketas Choniates</a> was its governor and the physician <a href="/wiki/Michael_Italikos" title="Michael Italikos">Michael Italikos</a> was its <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">metropolitan bishop</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the Latin historian of the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Villehardouin" title="Geoffrey of Villehardouin">Geoffrey of Villehardouin</a>, Philippopolis was the third largest city in the Byzantine Empire, after <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (<a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a> (<a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It suffered damage from the armies passing through the city during the <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a> as well as from sectarian violence between the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Orthodox">Armenian Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paulician" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulician">Paulician</a> denominations.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Kaloyan_of_Bulgaria" title="Kaloyan of Bulgaria">Kaloyan of Bulgaria</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1196–1207</span>) in 1206 and rebuilt thereafter.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1219, the city became the capital of the Crusader <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Philippopolis" title="Duchy of Philippopolis">Duchy of Philippopolis</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Empire" title="Latin Empire">Latin Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</a> recovered the city in 1263, but lost it to Byzantine control before recapturing it in 1323.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> conquered Philippopolis (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">Filibe</i>) in 1363 or 1364.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 500 years of Ottoman rule, Filibe served as one of the important commercial and transportation nodes in the Ottoman Balkans. It also played a role as an administrative centre of various <a href="/wiki/Sanjak" title="Sanjak">sanjaks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eyalet" title="Eyalet">eyalets</a>. </p><p>On 4 January 1878, at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)</a>, Plovdiv was taken away from Ottoman rule by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> army. It remained within the borders of Bulgaria until July of the same year, when it became the capital of the autonomous Ottoman region of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Rumelia" title="Eastern Rumelia">Eastern Rumelia</a>. In 1885, Plovdiv and Eastern Rumelia <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_unification" title="Bulgarian unification">joined</a> Bulgaria. </p><p>There are many preserved ruins such as the ancient <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman theatre">Plovdiv Roman theatre</a>, a Roman <a href="/wiki/Odeon_(building)" title="Odeon (building)">odeon</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Roman_aqueduct" title="Roman aqueduct">Roman aqueduct</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman Stadium">Plovdiv Roman Stadium</a>, the archaeological complex Eirene, and others. Plovdiv is host to a huge variety of cultural events such as the <a href="/wiki/International_Fair_Plovdiv" title="International Fair Plovdiv">International Fair Plovdiv</a>, the international theatrical <a href="/wiki/Festival" title="Festival">festival</a> "A stage on a crossroad", the TV festival "The golden chest", and many more novel festivals, such as Night/Plovdiv in September, Kapana Fest, and Opera Open. The oldest American educational institution outside the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, the <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_Sofia" title="American College of Sofia">American College of Sofia</a>, was founded in Plovdiv in 1860 and later moved to Sofia. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Teritoriul_onomastic_al_elementului_dava_-_Sorin_Olteanu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Teritoriul_onomastic_al_elementului_dava_-_Sorin_Olteanu.jpg/220px-Teritoriul_onomastic_al_elementului_dava_-_Sorin_Olteanu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Teritoriul_onomastic_al_elementului_dava_-_Sorin_Olteanu.jpg/330px-Teritoriul_onomastic_al_elementului_dava_-_Sorin_Olteanu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Teritoriul_onomastic_al_elementului_dava_-_Sorin_Olteanu.jpg/440px-Teritoriul_onomastic_al_elementului_dava_-_Sorin_Olteanu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="516" /></a><figcaption>Ancient settlements with names related to "deva". Pulpudeva denotes Plovdiv in which the latter name is rooted.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg/220px-Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg/330px-Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg/440px-Thraciae-veteris-typvs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4452" data-file-height="3424" /></a><figcaption>Map describing the city as "Philippopolis, que et Poneropolis, Duloupolis, Eumolpiada, item Trimontium, at que Pulpudena"</figcaption></figure> <p>Plovdiv has been given various names throughout its long history. The <a href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian</a> capital <i>Odryssa</i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">ΟΔΡΥΣΣΑ</span>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">ODRYSSA</i></small>) is suggested to have been modern Plovdiv by numismatic research<sup id="cite_ref-arc_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Odrin" class="mw-redirect" title="Odrin">Odrin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-academia_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-academia-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greek historian <a href="/wiki/Theopompus" title="Theopompus">Theopompus</a><sup id="cite_ref-theopompi_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theopompi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mentioned it in the 4th century BCE as a town named <i>Poneropolis</i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">ΠΟΝΗΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ</span></small> "town of villains") in pejorative relation to the conquest by king <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</a> who is said to have settled the town with 2,000 men who were false-accusers, sycophants, lawyers, and other possible disreputables.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, the town was named by this king after he had populated it with a crew of rogues and vagabonds,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but this is possibly a folk name that did not actually exist.<sup id="cite_ref-academia_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-academia-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The names <i>Dulon polis</i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">ΔΟΥΛΩΝ ΠΟΛΙΣ</span></small> "slaves' town") and possibly <i>Moichopolis</i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">ΜΟΙΧΟΠΟΛΙΣ</span></small> "adulterer's town") likely have similar origins.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The city has been called <i>Philippopolis</i> (<small>ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΠΟΛΙΣ</small> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="el-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[pʰilipopolis]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Φιλιππούπολη</span>, in modern Greek, <i>Philippoupoli</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="el-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[filipupoli]</a></span>) or "the city of Philip", from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Greek</a> <i>Philippos</i> "horse-lover", most likely in honor of <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</a><sup id="cite_ref-col_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-col-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after his death or in honor of <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Macedon" title="Philip V of Macedon">Philip V</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-arc_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pld_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pld-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as this name was first mentioned in the 2nd century BCE by <a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a> in connection with the campaign of Philip V.<sup id="cite_ref-arc_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pld_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pld-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Philippopolis</i> was identified later by <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny</a> as the former <i>Poneropolis</i>. <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> identified Philip II's settlement of most "evil, wicked" (Gr. πονηροτάτους <i>ponerotatous</i>) as Calybe (<a href="/wiki/Kabyle_(ancient_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabyle (ancient city)">Kabyle</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a> considered the location of Poneropolis different from the rest. </p><p><i>Kendrisia</i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">ΚΕΝΔΡΕΙϹΕΙΑ</span></small>) was an old name of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plovdiv1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its earliest recorded use is on an artifact mentioning that king <a href="/wiki/Beithys" title="Beithys">Beithys</a>, priest of the Syrian goddess, brought gifts to Kendriso <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the deity is recorded to be named multiple times after different cities. Later Roman coins mentioned the name which is possibly derived from Thracian god Kendriso who is equated with Apollo,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Cedrus" title="Cedrus">cedar</a> forests, or from the Thracian tribe artifacts known as the kendrisi.<sup id="cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plovdiv1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pld_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pld-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another assumed name is the 1st century CE <i>Tiberias</i> in honor of the Roman emperor <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a>, under whom the <a href="/wiki/Odrysian_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Odrysian Kingdom">Odrysian Kingdom</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Client_state" title="Client state">client</a> of Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-academia_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-academia-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Romans had taken control of the area, the city was named in <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">TRIMONTIUM</i>, meaning "The Three Hills", and mentioned in the 1st century by <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny</a>. At times the name was <i><a href="/wiki/Ulpia_gens" title="Ulpia gens">Ulpia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Flavia_gens" title="Flavia gens">Flavia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Julia_gens" title="Julia gens">Julia</a></i> after the Roman families. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ammianus_Marcellinus" title="Ammianus Marcellinus">Ammianus Marcellinus</a> wrote in the 4th century CE that the then city had been the old <i>Eumolpias</i>/<i>Eumolpiada,</i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">EVMOLPIAS, EVMOLPIADA</i></small>),<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the oldest name chronologically.<sup id="cite_ref-academia_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-academia-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was named after the mythical Thracian king <a href="/wiki/Eumolpos" class="mw-redirect" title="Eumolpos">Eumolpos</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who may have founded the city around 1200 BCE<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 1350 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also possible that it was named after the <a href="/wiki/Vestal_Virgins" class="mw-redirect" title="Vestal Virgins">Vestal Virgins</a> in the temples – evmolpeya.<sup id="cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plovdiv1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 6th century CE, <a href="/wiki/Jordanes" title="Jordanes">Jordanes</a> wrote that the former name of the city was <i>Pulpudeva</i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">PVLPVDEVA</i></small>) and that <a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Arab" title="Philip the Arab">Philip the Arab</a> named the city after himself. This name is most likely a <a href="/wiki/Thracian_language" title="Thracian language">Thracian</a> oral translation<sup id="cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plovdiv1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the other as it kept all consonants of the name Philip + <a href="/wiki/Dava_(Dacian)" title="Dava (Dacian)">deva (city)</a>. Although the two names sound similar, they may not share the same origin as <a href="/wiki/Odrin" class="mw-redirect" title="Odrin">Odrin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adrianople" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrianople">Adrianople</a> do, and <i>Pulpudeva</i> may have predated the other names<sup id="cite_ref-uk_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uk-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meaning "lake city" in <a href="/wiki/Thracian_language" title="Thracian language">Thracian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pld_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pld-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the 9th century CE the Slavic name began to appear as <i>Papaldiv/n, Plo(v)div, Pladiv, Pladin, Plapdiv, Plovdin,</i> which originate from <i>Pulpudeva</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, the name has lost any meaning. In British English the Bulgarian variant <i>Plòvdiv</i> has become prevalent after <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Crusaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders">Crusaders</a> mentioned the city as <i>Prineople</i>, <i>Sinople</i> and <i>Phinepople</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-pld_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pld-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ottomans called the city <i>Filibe</i>, a corruption of "Philip", in a document from 1448.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Philippopolis_(Thracia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippopolis (Thracia)">Philippopolis (Thracia)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Plovdiv" title="Timeline of Plovdiv">Timeline of Plovdiv</a>, and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Plovdiv" title="History of Plovdiv">History of Plovdiv</a></div> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; width:350px; margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em; background:White; border:1px #aaa solid; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ccf; text-align:center; font-size:large">History of Plovdiv </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ddf; text-align:center;">Timeline of events </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">6000–5000 BC </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Establishment of the earliest settlements on the territory of modern Plovdiv (Yasa Tepe 1 and Yasa Tepe 2) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">5th century BC </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Ancient Plovdiv was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian kingdom</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">347–342 BC </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">The Thracian town was conquered by <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</a> who named it Philippopolis </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">46 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Philippopolis was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> by emperor <a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">1st–3rd century </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Philippopolis became the central city of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">Roman province</a> <a href="/wiki/Thracia" title="Thracia">Thracia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">250 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">The whole city was burned down by the <a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">4th century </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Philippopolis regained its previous size. The city was part of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Roman Empire">Eastern Roman Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">836 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Khan <a href="/wiki/Malamir_of_Bulgaria" title="Malamir of Bulgaria">Malamir</a> incorporated the city into the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">976–1014 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Basil II based his army in Philippopolis during the war with <a href="/wiki/Samuel_of_Bulgaria" title="Samuel of Bulgaria">Samuel of Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">1189 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">The city was conquered by the crusader army of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick Barbarossa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">1205 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Philippopolis was conquered and raided by the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Empire" title="Latin Empire">Latin Empire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kaloyan_of_Bulgaria" title="Kaloyan of Bulgaria">Kaloyan of Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">1371 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Phillipopolis was conquered by the Ottomans. The city name was changed to Filibe </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">January 1878 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Plovdiv was liberated from Ottoman rule during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Philippopolis_(1878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Philippopolis (1878)">Battle of Philippopolis </a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">July 1878 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Plovdiv became capital of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Rumelia" title="Eastern Rumelia">Eastern Rumelia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">1885 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Plovdiv is at the center of the events that led to the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_unification" title="Bulgarian unification">Bulgarian unification</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">1920–1960 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Period of industrialization </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">1970-1980 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Discovery of the archeological sights in Plovdiv, the Old town was restored </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">1999 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Plovdiv hosted European Cultural Month </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%; text-align:center;">2014 </td> <td style="font-size: 80%;">Plovdiv was awarded the title <a href="/wiki/European_capital_of_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="European capital of culture">European capital of culture</a> 2019 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiquity">Antiquity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Antiquity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_Trimontium(Phillipopolis).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Roman_Trimontium%28Phillipopolis%29.JPG/200px-Roman_Trimontium%28Phillipopolis%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Roman_Trimontium%28Phillipopolis%29.JPG/300px-Roman_Trimontium%28Phillipopolis%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Roman_Trimontium%28Phillipopolis%29.JPG/400px-Roman_Trimontium%28Phillipopolis%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="809" /></a><figcaption>Plan of the known parts of the Roman city superimposed on a plan of modern Plovdiv.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on the ancient city of</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Philippopolis_(Thracia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippopolis (Thracia)">Philippopolis</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ancient_theatre_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ancient_theatre_logo.png/200px-Ancient_theatre_logo.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ancient_theatre_logo.png/300px-Ancient_theatre_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ancient_theatre_logo.png/400px-Ancient_theatre_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="1675" data-file-height="822" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e5d4a8;"> Buildings and structures</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding:0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Public</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman theatre">Theatre</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman Stadium">Stadium</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Forum (Plovdiv)">Forum</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Odeon_of_Philippopolis" title="Odeon of Philippopolis">Odeon</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Ancient_library_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient library (Plovdiv)">Library</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding:0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Religious</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Great_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Great Basilica, Plovdiv">Great Basilica</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Small_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Small Basilica, Plovdiv">Small Basilica</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Synagogue_of_Philippopolis" title="Synagogue of Philippopolis">Synagogue</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding:0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Fortification</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Nebet_Tepe" title="Nebet Tepe">Nebet Tepe</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Hisar_Kapia" title="Hisar Kapia">Hisar Kapia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Eastern_gate_of_Philippopolis_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern gate of Philippopolis (Plovdiv)">Eastern gate</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding:0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Residential</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> • <a href="/wiki/Eirene_Residence_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eirene Residence (Plovdiv)">Eirene Residence</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e5d4a8;"> Related topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Plovdiv" title="History of Plovdiv">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Plovdiv" title="Timeline of Plovdiv">Timeline</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippopolis_sidebar" title="Template:Philippopolis sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philippopolis_sidebar" title="Template talk:Philippopolis sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippopolis_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippopolis sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The history of the region spans more than eight millennia. Numerous nations have left their traces on the twelve-metre-thick (39-<a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">foot</a>) cultural layers of the city. The earliest signs of habitation in the territory of Plovdiv date as far back as the 6th millennium BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-filipopol_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-filipopol-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plovdiv1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plovdiv has settlement traces including necropolises dating from the Neolithic era (roughly 6000–5000 BCE) like the mounds Yasa Tepe 1 in the Philipovo district and Yasa Tepe 2 in Lauta park.<sup id="cite_ref-райчевски_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-райчевски-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-кесякова_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-кесякова-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archaeologists have discovered fine pottery<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and objects of everyday life on <a href="/wiki/Nebet_Tepe" title="Nebet Tepe">Nebet Tepe</a> from as early as the <a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">Chalcolithic</a> era, showing that at the end of the 4th millennium BCE, there was already an established settlement there which was <a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_continuously_inhabited_cities" title="List of oldest continuously inhabited cities">continuously inhabited</a> since then.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thracian necropolises dating back to the 2nd–3rd millennium BCE have been discovered, while the Thracian town was established between the 2nd and the 1st millennium BCE.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The town was a fort of the independent local <a href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">Thracian</a> tribe <a href="/wiki/Bessi" title="Bessi">Bessi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 516 BCE during the rule of <a href="/wiki/Darius_the_Great" title="Darius the Great">Darius the Great</a>, Thrace was included in the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 492 BCE, the Persian general <a href="/wiki/Mardonius_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mardonius (general)">Mardonius</a> subjugated Thrace again, and it nominally became a vassal of Persia until 479 BCE and the early rule of <a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town became part of the <a href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian kingdom</a> (460 BCE – 46 CE), a <a href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">Thracian</a> tribal union. The town was conquered by <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Odrysian king was deposed in 342 BCE. Ten years after the Macedonian invasion, the Thracian kings started to exercise power again after the Odrysian <a href="/wiki/Seuthes_III" title="Seuthes III">Seuthes III</a> had re-established their kingdom under Macedonian suzerainty as a result of a successful revolt against <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a>'s rule resulting in a stalemate.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Odrysian kingdom gradually overcame the Macedonian suzerainty, while the city was destroyed by the <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Celtic_settlement_of_Eastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic settlement of Eastern Europe">Celtic settlement of Eastern Europe</a>, most likely in the 270s BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 183 BCE, <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Macedon" title="Philip V of Macedon">Philip V of Macedon</a> conquered the city, but shortly after, the Thracians re-conquered it. </p><p>In 72 BCE, the city was seized by the Roman general <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Terentius_Varro_Lucullus" title="Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus">Marcus Lucullus</a> but was soon restored to Thracian control. In 46 CE, the city was finally incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> by emperor <a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it served as the capital of the province of <a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a>. Although it was not the capital of the Province of Thrace, the city was the largest and most important centre in the province.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, the city was the seat of the Union of Thracians.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In those times, the <a href="/wiki/Via_Militaris" title="Via Militaris">Via Militaris</a> (or Via Diagonalis), the most important military road in the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a>, passed through the city.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Roman times were a period of growth and cultural excellence.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ancient ruins tell a story of a vibrant, growing city with numerous public buildings, shrines, baths, theatres, a stadium, and the only developed ancient water supply system in Bulgaria. The city had an advanced water system and <a href="/wiki/Sanitary_sewer" title="Sanitary sewer">sewerage</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 179 a second wall was built to encompass Trimontium which had already extended out of the Three hills into the valley. Many of those are still preserved and can be seen by tourists. Today only a small part of the ancient city has been excavated.<sup id="cite_ref-pldiv_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pldiv-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 250 the city was captured and looted after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Philippopolis_(250)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Philippopolis (250)">Battle of Philippopolis</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a>, led by their ruler <a href="/wiki/Cniva" title="Cniva">Cniva</a>. Many of its citizens, 100,000 according to <a href="/wiki/Ammianus_Marcellinus" title="Ammianus Marcellinus">Ammianus Marcellinus</a>, died or were taken captive.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It took a century and hard work to recover the city. However, it was destroyed again by <a href="/wiki/Attila" title="Attila">Attila</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Hun" class="mw-redirect" title="Hun">Huns</a> in 441–442 and by the <a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a> of Teodoric Strabo in 471.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An ancient Roman inscription written in Ancient Greek dated to 253 – 255 AD were discovered in the <a href="/wiki/Great_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Great Basilica, Plovdiv">Great Basilica</a>. The inscription refers to the <a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">Dionysian Mysteries</a> and also mentions Roman Emperors <a href="/wiki/Valerian_(emperor)" title="Valerian (emperor)">Valerian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a>. It has been found on a large stele which was used as construction material during the building of the Great Basilica.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2024, archaeologists from the Regional Archaeological Museum announced the discovery of a well-preserved Thracian temple dated to the third century BCE. The 10-metre-long temple is made of dry joints and clay-sand mortar and has two rooms.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument_of_Khan_Krum_in_Plovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Monument_of_Khan_Krum_in_Plovdiv.jpg/220px-Monument_of_Khan_Krum_in_Plovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Monument_of_Khan_Krum_in_Plovdiv.jpg/330px-Monument_of_Khan_Krum_in_Plovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Monument_of_Khan_Krum_in_Plovdiv.jpg/440px-Monument_of_Khan_Krum_in_Plovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="1584" /></a><figcaption>Monument of <a href="/wiki/Krum_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Krum of Bulgaria">Krum</a> in Plovdiv, who was the first Bulgarian ruler to capture Plovdiv.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Slavic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic peoples">The Slavs</a> had fully settled in the area by the middle of the 6th century. This was done peacefully as there are no records for their attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> in 681, Philippoupolis, the name of the city then, became an important border fortress of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>. It was captured by Khan <a href="/wiki/Krum_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Krum of Bulgaria">Krum</a> in 812, but the region was fully incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire</a> in 834 during the reign of Khan <a href="/wiki/Malamir_of_Bulgaria" title="Malamir of Bulgaria">Malamir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was reconquered by the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> in 855–856 for a short time until it was returned to <a href="/wiki/Boris_I_of_Bulgaria" title="Boris I of Bulgaria">Boris I of Bulgaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From Philippopolis, the influence of <a href="/wiki/Dualistic_cosmology" class="mw-redirect" title="Dualistic cosmology">dualistic</a> doctrines spread to Bulgaria forming the basis of the <a href="/wiki/Bogomil" class="mw-redirect" title="Bogomil">Bogomil</a> heresy. The city remained in Bulgarian hands until 970.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the city is described at the time of <a href="/wiki/Constantine_VII" title="Constantine VII">Constantine VII</a> in the 10th century as being within the Byzantine province (<a href="/wiki/Theme_(Byzantine_district)" title="Theme (Byzantine district)">theme</a> of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(theme)" title="Macedonia (theme)">Macedonia</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Philippopolis was captured by the Byzantines in 969, shortly before it was sacked by the ruler of <a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Rus'</a> <a href="/wiki/Sviatoslav_I_of_Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Sviatoslav I of Kiev">Sviatoslav I of Kiev</a> who impaled 20,000 citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before and after the Rus' massacre, the city was settled by <a href="/wiki/Paulician" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulician">Paulician</a> heretics transported from Syria and Armenia to serve as military settlers on the European frontier with Bulgaria. Aime de Varennes in 1180 encountered the singing of Byzantine songs in the city that recounted the deeds of Alexander the Great and his predecessors over 1300 years before.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Byzantine rule was interrupted by the <a href="/wiki/Third_Crusade" title="Third Crusade">Third Crusade</a> (1189–1192) when the army of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman</a> emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Barbarossa" title="Frederick Barbarossa">Frederick Barbarossa</a> conquered Philippopolis. <a href="/wiki/Ivanko_(boyar)" title="Ivanko (boyar)">Ivanko</a> was appointed as the governor of the Byzantine Theme of Philippopolis in 1196, but between 1198 and 1200 separated it from Byzantium in a union with Bulgaria.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Latin_Empire" title="Latin Empire">Latin Empire</a> conquered Philippopolis in 1204, and there were two short interregnum periods as the city was twice occupied by <a href="/wiki/Kaloyan_of_Bulgaria" title="Kaloyan of Bulgaria">Kaloyan of Bulgaria</a> before his death in 1207.<sup id="cite_ref-pldv_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pldv-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1208, Kaloyan's successor <a href="/wiki/Boril_of_Bulgaria" title="Boril of Bulgaria">Boril</a> was defeated by the Latins in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Philippopolis_(1208)" title="Battle of Philippopolis (1208)">Battle of Philippopolis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Latin rule, Philippopolis was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Philippopolis" title="Duchy of Philippopolis">Duchy of Philippopolis</a>, which was governed by <a href="/wiki/Renier_de_Trit" class="mw-redirect" title="Renier de Trit">Renier de Trit</a> and later on by Gerard de Strem. The city was possibly at times a vassal of Bulgaria or <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Asen_II_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria">Ivan Asen II</a> conquered the duchy finally in 1230 but the city had possibly been conquered earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Afterwards, Philippopolis was conquered by Byzantium. According to some information, by 1300 Philippopolis was a possession of <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Svetoslav" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore Svetoslav">Theodore Svetoslav</a> of Bulgaria. It was conquered from Byzantium by <a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Bulgaria" title="George II of Bulgaria">George Terter II</a> of Bulgaria in 1322.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_III_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos III Palaiologos">Andronikos III Palaiologos</a> unsuccessfully besieged the city, but a treaty restored Byzantine rule once again in 1323. In 1344 the city and eight other cities were surrendered to Bulgaria by the regency for <a href="/wiki/John_V_Palaiologos" title="John V Palaiologos">John V Palaiologos</a> as the price for <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Alexander_of_Bulgaria" title="Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria">Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria</a>'s support in the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_civil_war_of_1341%E2%80%9347" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine civil war of 1341–47">Byzantine civil war of 1341–47</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_rule">Ottoman rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ottoman rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1364 the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turks" title="Ottoman Turks">Ottoman Turks</a> under <a href="/wiki/Lala_Shahin_Pasha" title="Lala Shahin Pasha">Lala Shahin Pasha</a> seized Plovdiv.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pat_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pat-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to other data, Plovdiv was not an Ottoman possession until the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maritsa" title="Battle of Maritsa">Battle of Maritsa</a> in 1371, after which, the citizens and the Bulgarian army fled leaving the city without resistance. Refugees settled in <a href="/wiki/Asenovgrad" title="Asenovgrad">Stanimaka</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Interregnum" title="Ottoman Interregnum">Ottoman Interregnum</a> in 1410, <a href="/wiki/Musa_%C3%87elebi" title="Musa Çelebi">Musa Çelebi</a> conquered the city killing and displacing inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-egeweb2.ege.edu.tr_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-egeweb2.ege.edu.tr-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was the centre of the <a href="/wiki/Rumelia_Eyalet" title="Rumelia Eyalet">Rumelia Eyalet</a> from 1364 until 1443, when it was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> as the capital of <a href="/wiki/Rumelia" title="Rumelia">Rumelia</a>. Plovdiv served as a sanjak centre within Rumelia between 1443 and 1593, the sanjak centre in <a href="/wiki/Silistra_Eyalet" title="Silistra Eyalet">Silistra Eyalet</a> between 1593 and 1826, the sanjak centre in <a href="/wiki/Eyalet_of_Adrianople" title="Eyalet of Adrianople">Eyalet of Adrianople</a> between 1826 and 1867, and the sanjak centre of <a href="/wiki/Edirne_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Edirne Vilayet">Edirne Vilayet</a> between 1867 and 1878. During that period, Plovdiv was one of the major economic centers in the Balkans, along with <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> (<a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>), <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a>, and Sofia. The richer citizens constructed beautiful houses, many of which can still be seen in the architectural reserve of Old Plovdiv. From the early 15th century till the end of 17th century the city was predominantly inhabited by Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="National_revival">National revival</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: National revival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Revival" title="Bulgarian National Revival">Bulgarian National Revival</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Bogoroditza_plovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/St._Bogoroditza_plovdiv.jpg/200px-St._Bogoroditza_plovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/St._Bogoroditza_plovdiv.jpg/300px-St._Bogoroditza_plovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/St._Bogoroditza_plovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Mother_of_God,_Plovdiv" title="Church of the Holy Mother of God, Plovdiv">Virgin Mary Church</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Under the rule of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, Filibe (as the city was known at that time) was a focal point for the Bulgarian national movement and survived as one of the major cultural centers for Bulgarian culture and tradition. </p><p>Filibe was described as consisting of Turks, Bulgarians, Hellenized Bulgarians, Armenians, Jews, Vlachs, Arvanites, Greeks, and Roma people. In the 16–17 century a significant number of <a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Jews" title="Sephardic Jews">Sephardic Jews</a> settled along with a smaller Armenian community from <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Eastern_Europe)" title="Galicia (Eastern Europe)">Galicia</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Paulician" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulician">Paulicians</a> adopted Catholicism or lost their identity. The abolition of <a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">Slavonic</a> as the language of the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Ohrid" title="Archbishop of Ohrid">Bulgarian Church</a> as well as the complete abolition of the church in 1767 and the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Millet_(Ottoman_Empire)" title="Millet (Ottoman Empire)">Millet System</a> led to ethnic division among people of different religions. Christian and Muslim Bulgarians were subjected to <a href="/wiki/Hellenization" title="Hellenization">Hellenization</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turkification" title="Turkification">Turkification</a> respectively. A major part of the inhabitants was fully or partly Hellenized due to the Greek patriarchate. The "Langeris" are described as Greeks from the area of the nearby <a href="/wiki/Asenovgrad" title="Asenovgrad">Stenimachos</a>. The process of Hellenization flourished until the 1830s but declined with the <a href="/wiki/Tanzimat" title="Tanzimat">Tanzimat</a> as the idea of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Wittelsbach)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Wittelsbach)">Hellenic nation</a> of Christians grew and was associated with ethnic Greeks. </p><p>The re-establishment of the Bulgarian Church in 1870 was a sign of ethnic and national consciousness. Thus, although there is a little doubt about the Bulgarian origin of the Gulidas, the city could be considered of Greek or Bulgarian majority in the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Raymond Detrez has suggested that when the Gudilas and Langeris claimed to be Greek it was more in the sense of "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Byzantine_Greels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byzantine Greels (page does not exist)">Romei</a> than Ellines, in a cultural rather than an ethnic sense".<sup id="cite_ref-balkanologie_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-balkanologie-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the statistics by the Bulgarian and Greek authors, there were no Turks in the city; according to an alternative estimate the city was of Turkish majority.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Filibe had an important role in the struggle for Church independence which was, according to some historians, a peaceful bourgeois revolution. Filibe became the center of that struggle with leaders such as <a href="/wiki/Nayden_Gerov" title="Nayden Gerov">Nayden Gerov</a>, Dr Valkovich, <a href="/wiki/Joakim_Gruev" class="mw-redirect" title="Joakim Gruev">Joakim Gruev</a>, and whole families. In 1836 the first Bulgarian school was inaugurated, and in 1850, modern secular education began when the "St Cyrill and Methodius" school was opened. On 11 May 1858, the day of <a href="/wiki/Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Saints Cyril and Methodius">Saints Cyril and Methodius</a> was celebrated for the first time; this later became a National holiday which is still celebrated today (but on 24 May due to Bulgaria's 1916 transition from the <a href="/wiki/Old_Style" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Style">Old Style</a> (<a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a>) to the <a href="/wiki/Adoption_of_the_Gregorian_calendar#Adoption_in_Eastern_Europe" title="Adoption of the Gregorian calendar">New Style</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a>) calendar). In 1858 in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Mother_of_God,_Plovdiv" title="Church of the Holy Mother of God, Plovdiv">Church of Virgin Mary</a>, the Christmas liturgy was served for the first time in the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian language</a> since the beginning of the Ottoman occupation. Until 1906 there were Bulgarian and Greek bishops in the city. In 1868 the school expanded into the first grammar school. Some of the intellectuals, politicians, and spiritual leaders of the nation graduated that school.<sup id="cite_ref-pld_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pld-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city was conquered by the Russians under <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Burago" title="Aleksandr Burago">Aleksandr Burago</a> for several hours during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Philippopolis_(1878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Philippopolis (1878)">Battle of Philippopolis</a> on 17 January 1878.<sup id="cite_ref-pat_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pat-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Russian_Administration_in_Bulgaria" title="Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria">Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria</a> between May and October. According to the Russian census of the same year, Filibe had a population of 24,000 citizens, of which ethnic <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a> comprised 45.4%, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a> 23.1% and <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a> 19.9%. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eastern_Rumelia">Eastern Rumelia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Eastern Rumelia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_unification" title="Bulgarian unification">Bulgarian unification</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_3.jpg/220px-Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_3.jpg/330px-Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_3.jpg/440px-Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="653" /></a><figcaption>Nebet Tepe, drawing from The Graphic – London, 1885</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_1.jpg/220px-Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_1.jpg/330px-Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_1.jpg/440px-Plovdiv_1885_the_graphic_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="699" data-file-height="659" /></a><figcaption>Taat tepe, in Plovdiv, with the governor's palace and Maritsa river in the foreground. Drawing from The Graphic – London, 1885</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Stefano" title="Treaty of San Stefano">Treaty of San Stefano</a> on 3 March 1878, the Principality of Bulgaria included the lands with predominantly Bulgarian population. Plovdiv which was the biggest and most vibrant Bulgarian city was selected as a capital of the restored country and for a seat of the Temporary Russian Government.<sup id="cite_ref-ocertsi_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ocertsi-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Great Britain and <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>, however, did not approve that treaty and the final result of the war was concluded in the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin" title="Congress of Berlin">Congress of Berlin</a> which divided the newly liberated country into several parts. It separated the autonomous region of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Rumelia" title="Eastern Rumelia">Eastern Rumelia</a> from Bulgaria, and Plovdiv became its capital. The Ottoman Empire created a constitution and appointed a governor.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the spring of 1885, <a href="/wiki/Zahari_Stoyanov" title="Zahari Stoyanov">Zahari Stoyanov</a> formed the Secret Bulgarian Central Revolutionary Committee in the city which actively conducted propaganda for the unification of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia. On 5 September, several hundred armed rebels from Golyamo Konare (now <a href="/wiki/Saedinenie,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Saedinenie, Plovdiv Province">Saedinenie</a>) marched to Plovdiv. In the night of 5–6 September, these men, led by Danail Nikolaev, took control of the city and removed from office the General-Governor <a href="/wiki/Gavril_Krastevich" title="Gavril Krastevich">Gavril Krastevich</a>. A provisional government was formed led by <a href="/wiki/Georgi_Stranski" title="Georgi Stranski">Georgi Stranski</a>, and universal mobilization was announced.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Serbs were defeated in the <a href="/wiki/Serbo-Bulgarian_War" title="Serbo-Bulgarian War">Serbo-Bulgarian War</a>, Bulgaria and Turkey reached an agreement that the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia had a common government, Parliament, administration, and army. Today, 6 September is celebrated as the Unification Day and the Day of Plovdiv. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history">Recent history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Recent history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the unification, Plovdiv remained the second most populous city in Bulgaria after the capital <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>. The first railway in the city was built in 1874 connecting it with the Ottoman capital, and in 1888, it was linked with Sofia. In 1892 Plovdiv became the host of the First Bulgarian Fair with international participation which was succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/International_Fair_Plovdiv" title="International Fair Plovdiv">International Fair Plovdiv</a>. After the liberation, the first brewery was inaugurated in the city. </p><p>The noteworthy English travel writer Patrick Leigh Fermor visited Plovdiv in the late summer of 1934 and he was charmed by the town and a local woman name Nadjeda.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the beginning of the 20th century, Plovdiv grew as a significant industrial and commercial center with well-developed light and food industry. In 1927 the electrification of Plovdiv has started. German, French, and <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgian</a> capital was invested in the city in the development of modern trade, banking, and industry. In 1939, there were 16,000 craftsmen and 17,000 workers in manufacturing factories, mainly for food and tobacco processing.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During the Second World War, the tobacco industry expanded as well as the export of fruit and vegetables. In 1943, 1,500 Jews were saved from deportation in <a href="/wiki/Concentration_camp" title="Concentration camp">concentration camps</a> by the archbishop of Plovdiv, <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Cyril_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Cyril of Bulgaria">Cyril</a>, who later became the Bulgarian Patriarch. In 1944, the city was bombed by the British-American coalition.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Tobacco Depot workers <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_tobacco_workers%27_strike" title="Plovdiv tobacco workers' strike">went on strike on 4 May 1953</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 April 1956, the first trolleybus line was opened and in the 1950s the Trimontsium Hotel was constructed. In the 1960s and 1970s, there was a construction boom and many of the modern neighborhoods took shape. In the 1970s and 1980s, antique remains were excavated and the Old Town was fully restored. In 1990 the sports complex "Plovdiv" was finished. It included the largest stadium and rowing canal in the country. In that period, Plovdiv became the birthplace of Bulgaria's movement for democratic reform, which by 1989 had garnered enough support to enter government. </p><p>Plovdiv has hosted specialized exhibitions of the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="World's Fair">World's Fair</a> in 1981, 1985, and 1991. </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1608px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Plovdiv_panorama.jpg/1600px-Plovdiv_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="1600" height="337" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Plovdiv_panorama.jpg/2400px-Plovdiv_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Plovdiv_panorama.jpg/3200px-Plovdiv_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8368" data-file-height="1760" /></a></span></div></div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1608px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdivpanorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Plovdivpanorama.jpg/1600px-Plovdivpanorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="1600" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Plovdivpanorama.jpg/2400px-Plovdivpanorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Plovdivpanorama.jpg/3200px-Plovdivpanorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4501" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_Bulgaria_by_Sentinel-2_20190608.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Plovdiv_Bulgaria_by_Sentinel-2_20190608.jpg/220px-Plovdiv_Bulgaria_by_Sentinel-2_20190608.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Plovdiv_Bulgaria_by_Sentinel-2_20190608.jpg/330px-Plovdiv_Bulgaria_by_Sentinel-2_20190608.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Plovdiv_Bulgaria_by_Sentinel-2_20190608.jpg/440px-Plovdiv_Bulgaria_by_Sentinel-2_20190608.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2670" data-file-height="3029" /></a><figcaption>Plovdiv seen from space</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Plovdiv3.jpg/200px-Plovdiv3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Plovdiv3.jpg/300px-Plovdiv3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Plovdiv3.jpg/400px-Plovdiv3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>A view of Nebet tepe hill</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_balkan-1-.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Plovdiv_balkan-1-.jpg/200px-Plovdiv_balkan-1-.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Plovdiv_balkan-1-.jpg/300px-Plovdiv_balkan-1-.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Plovdiv_balkan-1-.jpg/400px-Plovdiv_balkan-1-.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>A view of Plovdiv with the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Mountains" title="Balkan Mountains">Stara Planina Mountain</a> in the background.</figcaption></figure> <p>Plovdiv is located on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Maritsa" title="Maritsa">Maritsa</a> river, southeast of the Bulgarian capital <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>. The city is in the southern part of the <i>Plain of Plovdiv</i>, an <a href="/wiki/Alluvial_plain" title="Alluvial plain">alluvial plain</a> that forms the western portion of the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Thracian_Plain" title="Upper Thracian Plain">Upper Thracian Plain</a>. From there, the peaks of the <a href="/wiki/Sredna_Gora" title="Sredna Gora">Sredna Gora</a> mountain range rise to the northwest, the Chirpan Heights to the east, and the <a href="/wiki/Rhodope_mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodope mountains">Rhodope mountains</a> to the south.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally, Plovdiv's development occurred south of Maritsa, with expansion across the river taking place only within the last 100 years. Modern Plovdiv covers an area of 101 km<sup>2</sup> (39 sq mi), less than 0.1% of Bulgaria's total area. It is the most densely populated city in Bulgaria, with 3,769 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>. </p><p>Inside the city proper are six <a href="/wiki/Syenite" title="Syenite">syenite</a> hills. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were seven syenite hills, but one (<a href="/wiki/Markovo_tepe" class="mw-redirect" title="Markovo tepe">Markovo tepe</a>) was destroyed. Three of them are called the Three Hills (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Трихълмие</span> <i>Trihalmie</i>), the others are called the Hill of the Youth (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Младежки хълм</span>, <i>Mladezhki halm</i>), the Hill of the Liberators (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Хълм на освободителите</span>, <i>Halm na osvoboditelite</i>), and the Hill of <a href="/wiki/Hristo_G._Danov" title="Hristo G. Danov">Danov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Данов хълм</span>, <i>Danov halm</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Plovdiv has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>Cfa</i>) with considerable <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental" class="mw-redirect" title="Humid continental">humid continental</a> influences. There are four distinct seasons with large temperature jumps between seasons. </p><p>Summer (mid-May to late September) is hot, moderately dry and sunny, with July and August having an average high of 33 °C (91 °F). Plovdiv sometimes experiences very hot days which are typical in the interior of the country. Summer nights are mild. </p><p>Autumn starts in late September; days are long and relatively warm in early autumn. The nights become chilly by September. The first frost usually occurs by November. </p><p>Winter is normally cold and snow is common. The average number of days with snow coverage in Plovdiv is 15. The average depth of snow coverage is 2 to 4 cm (1 to 2 in), and the maximum is normally 6 to 13 cm (2 to 5 in), but some winters coverage can reach 70 cm (28 in) or more. The average January temperature is −0.4 °C (31 °F). </p><p>Spring begins in March and is cooler than autumn. The frost season ends in March. The days are mild and relatively warm in mid-spring. </p><p>The average relative humidity is 73% and is highest in December at 86% and the lowest in August at 62%. The total precipitation is 540 mm (21.26 in) and is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year. The wettest months of the year are May and June, with an average precipitation of 66.2 mm (2.61 in), and the driest month is August, with an average precipitation of 31 mm (1.22 in). </p><p>Gentle winds (0 to 5 m/s) are predominant in the city with wind speeds of up to 1 m/s, representing 95% of all winds during the year. Mists are common in the cooler months, especially along the banks of the Maritsa. On average there are 33 days with <a href="/wiki/Mist" title="Mist">mist</a> during the year.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Plovdiv (1952–2000; extremes 1942–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.2<br />(93.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.0<br />(105.8) </td> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.0<br />(113.0) </td> <td style="background: #F10000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.5<br />(108.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.6<br />(99.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8<br />(98.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.0<br />(80.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">45.0<br />(113.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2<br />(41.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.0<br />(82.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7<br />(87.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.3<br />(86.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.0<br />(78.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9<br />(53.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(33.6) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1<br />(55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9<br />(44.4) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3<br />(36.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC68D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.7<br />(54.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.0<br />(26.6) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.4<br />(29.5) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8<br />(35.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6<br />(36.7) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.3<br />(29.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #3C3CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−31.5<br />(−24.7) </td> <td style="background: #4949FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29.1<br />(−20.4) </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.5<br />(0.5) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.0<br />(24.8) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE5CC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2<br />(46.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(33.3) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.9<br />(21.4) </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.1<br />(15.6) </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.7<br />(−8.9) </td> <td style="background: #3C3CFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−31.5<br />(−24.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D6FFD6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27<br />(1.1) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41<br />(1.6) </td> <td style="background: #8CFF8C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77<br />(3.0) </td> <td style="background: #A7FFA7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57<br />(2.2) </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #C9FFC9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35<br />(1.4) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36<br />(1.4) </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">502<br />(19.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days </th> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #AEAEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5 </td> <td style="background: #AFAFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8 </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1 </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1 </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">60.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">50 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45 </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">59 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #AAAAA7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94 </td> <td style="background: #B6B65E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">110 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">170 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">200 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252 </td> <td style="background: #ECEC06; color:#000000;" class="notheme">281 </td> <td style="background: #F4F41A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">328 </td> <td style="background: #F1F113; color:#000000;" class="notheme">315 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">230 </td> <td style="background: #C9C900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">162 </td> <td style="background: #B8B855; color:#000000;" class="notheme">120 </td> <td style="background: #8C8C8C; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,339 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Climatebase.ru </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Meteorological_Institute" title="Danish Meteorological Institute">Danish Meteorological Institute</a> (sun and relative humidity),<sup id="cite_ref-DMI_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DMI-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Plovidiv (2008-2021) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1<br />(89.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21<br />(70) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(36.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6<br />(78.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #C1FFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.6<br />(1.64) </td> <td style="background: #C5FFC5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.9<br />(1.37) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.3<br />(1.67) </td> <td style="background: #C1FFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(1.57) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.5<br />(2.34) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.7<br />(2.43) </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.1<br />(2.21) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.9<br />(1.81) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.6<br />(1.76) </td> <td style="background: #BCFFBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.3<br />(1.74) </td> <td style="background: #DAFFDA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(0.94) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.2<br />(2.37) </td> <td style="background: #B8FFB8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">555.1<br />(21.85) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #9595FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7 </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">103.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Stringmeteo.com<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (August 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <p>Meteomanz<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>(precipitation and days 2000-2013) </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The population by permanent address for the municipality of Plovdiv in 2007 was 380,682,<sup id="cite_ref-grao.bg_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grao.bg-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which makes it the second most populated in the nation. According to data from the National Institute of Statistics (NSI), the population of people who actually live in Plovdiv is 346,790.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 2012 census, 339,077 live within the city limits and 403,153 in the municipal triangle of Plovdiv, including <a href="/wiki/Maritsa_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritsa municipality">Maritsa municipality</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rodopi_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodopi municipality">Rodopi municipality</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-census_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Population of Plovdiv:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style></p><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1887</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">33,032</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">47,981</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+45.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1934</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">99,883</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+108.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1946</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">126,563</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+26.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1956</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">161,836</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+27.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1965</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">222,508</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+37.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1975</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">299,638</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+34.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1985</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">342,131</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1992</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">341,058</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">338,224</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">338,153</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">342,048</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2022</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">343,070</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Censuses<sup id="cite_ref-BAN_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BAN-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/21552/bg002c-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2">"National statistical institute"</a>. 31 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+statistical+institute&rft.date=2024-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fbg%2Fcontent%2F21552%2Fbg002c-%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_d3pqady6zoju9s4qkqhepwhzkgv313k"></map><img usemap="#timeline_d3pqady6zoju9s4qkqhepwhzkgv313k" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/d3pqady6zoju9s4qkqhepwhzkgv313k.png" /></div> <p>At the first census after the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Bulgaria" title="Liberation of Bulgaria">Liberation of Bulgaria</a> in 1880 with 24,053 citizens,<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plovdiv was the third largest city behind <a href="/wiki/Stara_Zagora" title="Stara Zagora">Stara Zagora</a>, which had 25,460 citizens prior to being burnt to the ground<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <a href="/wiki/Ruse,_Bulgaria" title="Ruse, Bulgaria">Ruse</a>, which had 26,163 citizens then,<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and ahead of the capital <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>, which had 20,501 citizens then. As of the 1887 census, Plovdiv was the largest city in the country for several years with 33,032 inhabitants compared to 30,428 for Sofia. According to the 1946 census, Plovdiv was the second largest city with 126,563 inhabitants compared to 487,000 for the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-ocertsi_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ocertsi-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity_and_religion">Ethnicity and religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ethnicity and religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Households of the Ottoman city by ethnoreligious groups </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:9%;">Year<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Roma_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma people">Roma</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>1472 </th> <td>81.7%</td> <td>18.3%</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1489 </th> <td>87.1%</td> <td>8.2%</td> <td>3.5%</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1490 (households)<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>796</td> <td>78</td> <td>33</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1516 </th> <td>86.7%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>2.8%</td> <td>2.5% </td></tr> <tr> <th>1525 </th> <td>85.2%</td> <td>7.5%</td> <td>3.2%</td> <td>3% </td></tr> <tr> <th>1530 </th> <td>82.1%</td> <td>9.1%</td> <td>3.8%</td> <td>3.7% </td></tr> <tr> <th>1570 </th> <td>82%</td> <td>9.3%</td> <td>2.7%</td> <td>5.4% </td></tr> <tr> <th>1595 </th> <td>78.2%</td> <td>14%</td> <td>2.9%</td> <td>4.8% </td></tr> <tr> <th>1614 </th> <td>68.3%</td> <td>22.6%</td> <td>7.7%</td> <td>4.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th>1695<sup id="cite_ref-egeweb2.ege.edu.tr_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-egeweb2.ege.edu.tr-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>81%</td> <td>14%</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1876<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>33%</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Population by ethnic groups under <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Russian_Administration_in_Bulgaria" title="Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria">Russian administration</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Rumelia" title="Eastern Rumelia">Eastern Rumelia</a> and Bulgaria </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:9%;">Census </th> <th style="width:9%;">Total </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Bulgaria">Turks</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Jews_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews in Bulgaria">Jews</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Bulgaria" title="Greeks in Bulgaria">Greeks</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Bulgaria" title="Armenians in Bulgaria">Armenians</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;"><a href="/wiki/Roma_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma in Bulgaria">Roma</a> </th> <th style="width:9%;">Others </th> <th style="width:9%;">Unspecified </th></tr> <tr> <th>1878 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004240530000000000♠"></span>24<span style="margin-left:.25em;">053</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004109090000000000♠"></span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">909</span></span> (45.35%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003555800000000000♠"></span>5558</span> (23.10%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003113400000000000♠"></span>1134</span> (4.71%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003478100000000000♠"></span>4781</span> (19.88%)</td> <td>806 (3.35%)</td> <td>865 (3.60%)</td> <td>902 (3.75%) </td></tr> <tr> <th>1884<sup id="cite_ref-histmuseum_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-histmuseum-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p>– </p> </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004334420000000000♠"></span>33<span style="margin-left:.25em;">442</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004167520000000000♠"></span>16<span style="margin-left:.25em;">752</span></span> (50.09%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003714400000000000♠"></span>7144</span> (21.36%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003216800000000000♠"></span>2168</span> (6.48%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003549700000000000♠"></span>5497</span> (16.44%)</td> <td>979 (2.93%)</td> <td>112</td> <td>902 (2.70%) </td></tr> <tr> <th>1887 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004330320000000000♠"></span>33<span style="margin-left:.25em;">032</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004195420000000000♠"></span>19<span style="margin-left:.25em;">542</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003561500000000000♠"></span>5615</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003220200000000000♠"></span>2202</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003393000000000000♠"></span>3930</span></td> <td>903</td> <td>348</td> <td>492 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1892 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004360330000000000♠"></span>36<span style="margin-left:.25em;">033</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004208540000000000♠"></span>20<span style="margin-left:.25em;">854</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003638100000000000♠"></span>6381</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003269600000000000♠"></span>2696</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003390600000000000♠"></span>3906</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003102400000000000♠"></span>1024</span></td> <td>237</td> <td>935 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1900 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004430330000000000♠"></span>43<span style="margin-left:.25em;">033</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004241700000000000♠"></span>24<span style="margin-left:.25em;">170</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003470800000000000♠"></span>4708</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003360200000000000♠"></span>3602</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003390800000000000♠"></span>3908</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003184400000000000♠"></span>1844</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003193400000000000♠"></span>1934</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003286900000000000♠"></span>2869</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1910 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004479810000000000♠"></span>47<span style="margin-left:.25em;">981</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004327270000000000♠"></span>32<span style="margin-left:.25em;">727</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003294600000000000♠"></span>2946</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003443600000000000♠"></span>4436</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003157100000000000♠"></span>1571</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003179400000000000♠"></span>1794</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003352400000000000♠"></span>3524</span></td> <td>983 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1920 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004644150000000000♠"></span>64<span style="margin-left:.25em;">415</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004468890000000000♠"></span>46<span style="margin-left:.25em;">889</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003560500000000000♠"></span>5605</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003514400000000000♠"></span>5144</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003107100000000000♠"></span>1071</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003377300000000000♠"></span>3773</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003134200000000000♠"></span>1342</span></td> <td>591 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1926 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004846550000000000♠"></span>84<span style="margin-left:.25em;">655</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004632680000000000♠"></span>63<span style="margin-left:.25em;">268</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003474800000000000♠"></span>4748</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003561200000000000♠"></span>5612</span></td> <td>549</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003588100000000000♠"></span>5881</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003274600000000000♠"></span>2746</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003185100000000000♠"></span>1851</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1934 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004998830000000000♠"></span>99<span style="margin-left:.25em;">883</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004774490000000000♠"></span>77<span style="margin-left:.25em;">449</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003610200000000000♠"></span>6102</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003557400000000000♠"></span>5574</span></td> <td>340</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003531600000000000♠"></span>5316</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003272800000000000♠"></span>2728</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003237400000000000♠"></span>2374</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1939 </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005105643000000000♠"></span>105<span style="margin-left:.25em;">643</span></span> (100%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004820120000000000♠"></span>82<span style="margin-left:.25em;">012</span></span> (77.63%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003646200000000000♠"></span>6462</span> (6.12%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003596000000000000♠"></span>5960</span> (5,64%)</td> <td>200 (0.19%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003659100000000000♠"></span>6591</span> (6.24%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003298200000000000♠"></span>2982</span> (2.82%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003143600000000000♠"></span>1436</span> (1.36%) </td></tr> <tr> <th>2001<sup id="cite_ref-mncp_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mncp-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005338224000000000♠"></span>338<span style="margin-left:.25em;">224</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005302858000000000♠"></span>302<span style="margin-left:.25em;">858</span></span> (89.5%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004225010000000000♠"></span>22<span style="margin-left:.25em;">501</span></span> (6.7%)</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003519200000000000♠"></span>5192</span> (1.5%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003576400000000000♠"></span>5764</span> (1.7%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003190900000000000♠"></span>1909</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2011<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005338153000000000♠"></span>338<span style="margin-left:.25em;">153</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005277804000000000♠"></span>277<span style="margin-left:.25em;">804</span></span> (82.2%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004160320000000000♠"></span>16<span style="margin-left:.25em;">032</span></span> (4.7%)</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>1436 (0.4%)</td> <td>9438 (2.8%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003310500000000000♠"></span>3105</span> (0.9%)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004317740000000000♠"></span>31<span style="margin-left:.25em;">774</span></span> (9.4%) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In its ethnic character Plovdiv is the second or the third-largest cosmopolitan city inhabited by <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> and possibly <a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a>. According to the 2001 census, out of a population of 338,224 inhabitants, the Bulgarians numbered 302,858 (90%). <a href="/wiki/Stolipinovo" title="Stolipinovo">Stolipinovo</a> in Plovdiv is the largest Roma neighbourhood in the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a>, having a population of around 20,000 alone; further Roma ghettos are <a href="/wiki/Hadji_Hassan_Mahala" title="Hadji Hassan Mahala">Hadji Hassan Mahala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheker_Mahala" title="Sheker Mahala">Sheker Mahala</a>. Therefore, the census number is a deflation of the number of Roma people, and they are most likely the second-largest group after the Bulgarians, most of all because the Muslim Roma in Plovdiv claim to be of Turkish ethnicity and Turkish-speaking at the census ("<a href="/wiki/Xoraxane" class="mw-redirect" title="Xoraxane">Xoraxane</a> Roma").<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For further information see the article <a href="/wiki/The_Roma_in_Plovdiv" class="mw-redirect" title="The Roma in Plovdiv">Roma people in Plovdiv</a>. Like elsewhere in the country, Roma people are subjected to discrimination and segregation (See the Bulgaria section of the article <a href="/wiki/Antiziganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiziganism">Antiziganism</a>). </p><p>After the Wars for National Union (<a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a> and World War I), the city became home for thousands of refugees from the former Bulgarian lands in <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">Western</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Thrace">Eastern Thrace</a>. Many of the old neighbourhoods are still referred to as <i>Belomorski</i>, <i>Vardarski</i>. Most of the Jews left the city after the foundation of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> in 1948, as well as most of the Turks and Greeks. Prior to the population exchange, as of 1 January 1885, the city of Plovdiv had a population of 33,442, of which 16,752 were <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a> (50%), 7,144 <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a> (21%), 5,497 <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a> (16%), 2,168 Jews (6%), 1,061 <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> (3%), 151 <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a>, 112 <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">Germans</a>, 112 <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani people</a>, 80 <a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French people</a>, 61 <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> and 304 people of other nationalities.<sup id="cite_ref-histmuseum_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-histmuseum-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The vast majority of the inhabitants are Christians, mostly <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a>, Catholics, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Catholic">Eastern Catholics</a>, and Protestant trends (<a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Adventists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a> and others). There are also some <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> and Jews. In Plovdiv, there are many churches, two mosques and one synagogue (see <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Synagogue" title="Plovdiv Synagogue">Plovdiv Synagogue</a>). </p><p>Some <a href="/wiki/Aromanians" title="Aromanians">Aromanians</a> also inhabit Plovdiv.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Virgin Mary Eastern Orthodox Church"><img alt="The Virgin Mary Eastern Orthodox Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg/80px-Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg/120px-Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg/160px-Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2336" data-file-height="3504" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Virgin Mary Eastern Orthodox Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Plovdiv Synagogue"><img alt="The Plovdiv Synagogue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg/120px-Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg/180px-Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg/240px-Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Synagogue" title="Plovdiv Synagogue">Plovdiv Synagogue</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ProtestantChurchPlovdiv_(2).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A Protestant church"><img alt="A Protestant church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/ProtestantChurchPlovdiv_%282%29.JPG/73px-ProtestantChurchPlovdiv_%282%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/ProtestantChurchPlovdiv_%282%29.JPG/110px-ProtestantChurchPlovdiv_%282%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/ProtestantChurchPlovdiv_%282%29.JPG/147px-ProtestantChurchPlovdiv_%282%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1808" data-file-height="2950" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A Protestant church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The St Louis Roman Catholic Cathedral"><img alt="The St Louis Roman Catholic Cathedral" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg/120px-StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg/180px-StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg/240px-StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3362" data-file-height="2650" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_St_Louis_(Plovdiv)" title="Cathedral of St Louis (Plovdiv)">St Louis Roman Catholic Cathedral</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St George Armenian Church"><img alt="St George Armenian Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg/120px-St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg/180px-St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg/240px-St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St George Armenian Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Filibe_cami.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Dzhumaya Mosque"><img alt="The Dzhumaya Mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Filibe_cami.JPG/90px-Filibe_cami.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Filibe_cami.JPG/135px-Filibe_cami.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Filibe_cami.JPG/180px-Filibe_cami.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Dzhumaya_Mosque" title="Dzhumaya Mosque">Dzhumaya Mosque</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Orthodox seminary"><img alt="The Orthodox seminary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg/120px-Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg/180px-Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg/240px-Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1125" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Orthodox <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminary</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="City_government">City government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: City government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Plovdiv is the administrative center of <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Province" title="Plovdiv Province">Plovdiv Province</a> which consists of the Municipality of Plovdiv, the <a href="/wiki/Maritsa_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritsa municipality">Maritsa municipality</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Rodopi_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodopi municipality">Rodopi municipality</a>. The mayor of the Municipality of Plovdiv, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kostadin_Dimitrov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kostadin Dimitrov (page does not exist)">Kostadin Dimitrov</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the six district mayors represent the local executive authorities. The Municipal Council which consists of 51 municipal counsellors, represents the legislative power, and is elected according to the proportional system by parties' lists.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The executive government of the Municipality of Plovdiv consists of a mayor who is elected by majority representation, five deputy mayors, and one administrative secretary. All the deputy mayors and the secretary control their administrative structured units. </p><p>According to the <i>Law for the territorial subdivision of the Capital municipality and the large cities,</i><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the territory of Plovdiv Municipality is subdivided into six district administrations with their mayors being appointed following approval by the Municipal Council. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Districts_and_neighbourhoods">Districts and neighbourhoods</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Districts and neighbourhoods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="img" class="noresize" style="width: 500px; padding: 5px; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_districts_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdiv_districts_map.png/500px-Plovdiv_districts_map.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="472" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdiv_districts_map.png/750px-Plovdiv_districts_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdiv_districts_map.png/1000px-Plovdiv_districts_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1117" data-file-height="1054" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute; left:1.5px; top:2px"><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdiv_districts_map.png/500px-Plovdiv_districts_map.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="472" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdiv_districts_map.png/750px-Plovdiv_districts_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Plovdiv_districts_map.png/1000px-Plovdiv_districts_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1117" data-file-height="1054" usemap="#ImageMap_87db0621b1bad766" /></span><map name="ImageMap_87db0621b1bad766"><area href="/wiki/Plovdiv" shape="rect" coords="0,0,0,0" alt="Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv" /></map><figcaption><br /></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:262px; top:244px">1</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:254px; top:208px">2</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:302px; top:244px">3</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:334px; top:232px">4</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:334px; top:192px">5</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:354px; top:192px">6</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:378px; top:192px">7</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:410px; top:204px">8</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:378px; top:268px">9</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:354px; top:332px">10</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:274px; top:340px">11</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:278px; top:280px">12</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:254px; top:272px">13</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:218px; top:300px">14</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:218px; top:336px">15</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:202px; top:372px">16</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:162px; top:404px">17</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:162px; top:368px">18</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:178px; top:340px">19</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:190px; top:280px">20</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:94px; top:416px">21</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:134px; top:312px">22</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:134px; top:280px">23</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:34px; top:324px">24</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:154px; top:244px">25</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:146px; top:220px">26</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:198px; top:200px">27</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:94px; top:200px">28</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:166px; top:172px">29</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:214px; top:164px">30</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:262px; top:148px">31</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:234px; top:104px">32</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:198px; top:140px">33</div> <div style="position:absolute; left:158px; top:148px">34</div> </div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Number </th> <th>Neighbourhood </th> <th>Number </th> <th>Neighbourhood </th> <th>Number </th> <th>Neighbourhood </th> <th>Number </th> <th>Neighbourhood </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Center </td> <td>12</td> <td>Sadiiski </td> <td>23</td> <td>Hristo Smirnenski </td> <td>34</td> <td>Sheker Mahala </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Old Town </td> <td>13</td> <td>Stochna Gara </td> <td>24</td> <td>Proslav </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>Kamenitsa 1 </td> <td>14</td> <td>Kyutchuk Paris </td> <td>25</td> <td>Mladezhki Halm </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Kamenitsa 2 </td> <td>15</td> <td>Vastannicheski </td> <td>26</td> <td>Otdih i Kultura </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Izgrev </td> <td>16</td> <td>Belomorski </td> <td>27</td> <td>Marasha </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>Stolipinovo </td> <td>17</td> <td>Institut po Ovoshtarstvo </td> <td>28</td> <td>Maritsa Sever </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Izgrev </td> <td>18</td> <td>Ostromila </td> <td>29</td> <td>Zaharna Fabrika </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>Industrial zone – East </td> <td>19</td> <td>Yuzhen </td> <td>30</td> <td>Karshiaka </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>Trakia </td> <td>20</td> <td>Tsentralna Gara </td> <td>31</td> <td>Gagarin </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>Industrial zone – Trakia </td> <td>21</td> <td>Komatevo </td> <td>32</td> <td>Industrial Zone – North </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>Industrial zone – South </td> <td>22</td> <td>Komatevski Vazel </td> <td>33</td> <td>Filipovo </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>In 1969 the villages of <a href="/wiki/Proslav" title="Proslav">Proslav</a> and <a href="/wiki/Komatevo" title="Komatevo">Komatevo</a> were incorporated into the city. In 1987 the municipalities of Maritsa and Rodopi were separated from Plovdiv which remained their administrative center. In the last several years, the inhabitants from those villages had taken steps to rejoin the "urban" municipality.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Main sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city has more than 200 archaeological sites,<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 30 of which are of national importance. There are many remains from antiquity. Plovdiv is among the few cities with two ancient theatres; remains of the medieval walls and towers; Ottoman baths and mosques; a well-preserved old quarter from the National Revival period with beautiful houses; churches; and narrow paved streets. There are numerous museums, art, galleries and cultural institutions. Plovdiv is host to musical, theatrical, and film events. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Knyaz_Alexander_I_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knyaz Alexander I Street (page does not exist)">Knyaz Alexander I Street</a> is the main street in Plovdiv. </p><p>The city is a starting point for trips to places in the region, such as the <a href="/wiki/Bachkovo_Monastery" title="Bachkovo Monastery">Bachkovo Monastery</a> at 30 km (19 mi) to the south, the ski-resort <a href="/wiki/Pamporovo" title="Pamporovo">Pamporovo</a> at 90 km (56 mi) to the south or the <a href="/wiki/Spa_resort" class="mw-redirect" title="Spa resort">spa resorts</a> to the north <a href="/wiki/Hisarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisarya">Hisarya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banya,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Banya, Plovdiv Province">Banya</a>, Krasnovo, and <a href="/wiki/Strelcha" title="Strelcha">Strelcha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated3_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_City">Roman City</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Roman City"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px"><div style="position:relative;width:300px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_city_center_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancient monuments in Plovdiv"><img alt="Ancient monuments in Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Plovdiv_city_center_map.png/300px-Plovdiv_city_center_map.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Plovdiv_city_center_map.png/450px-Plovdiv_city_center_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Plovdiv_city_center_map.png/600px-Plovdiv_city_center_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1175" data-file-height="1127" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:48.746%;left:44.047%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Theatre"><img alt="Theatre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman theatre">Theatre</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:16.149%;left:49.379%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nebet Tepe"><img alt="Nebet Tepe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/15px-CL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/23px-CL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/30px-CL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Nebet_Tepe" title="Nebet Tepe">Nebet Tepe</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:26.993%;left:54.463%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hisar Kapia"><img alt="Hisar Kapia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/15px-CL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/23px-CL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/30px-CL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Hisar_Kapia" title="Hisar Kapia">Hisar Kapia</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:34.246%;left:68.747%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Eastern Gate"><img alt="Eastern Gate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/15px-CL_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/23px-CL_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/CL_icon.svg/30px-CL_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Eastern_gate_of_Philippopolis_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern gate of Philippopolis (Plovdiv)">Eastern Gate</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.522%;left:27.463%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Stadium"><img alt="Stadium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman Stadium">Stadium</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:69.269%;left:52.274%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Great Basilica"><img alt="Great Basilica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Great_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Great Basilica, Plovdiv">Great Basilica</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:51.881%;left:79.705%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Small Basilica"><img alt="Small Basilica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Small_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Small Basilica, Plovdiv">Small Basilica</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:84.239%;left:42.858%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Forum"><img alt="Forum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Forum (Plovdiv)">Forum</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:73.09%;left:39.984%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Odeon"><img alt="Odeon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Odeon_of_Philippopolis" title="Odeon of Philippopolis">Odeon</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:74.396%;left:38.979%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Library"><img alt="Library" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Ancient_library_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient library (Plovdiv)">Library</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:60.448%;left:65.789%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Synagogue"><img alt="Synagogue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_of_Philippopolis" title="Synagogue of Philippopolis">Synagogue</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.642%;left:46.642%;font-size:70%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Eirene Residence"><img alt="Eirene Residence" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/15px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/23px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Museum_black_icon.svg/30px-Museum_black_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:9px"><div><a href="/wiki/Eirene_Residence_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eirene Residence (Plovdiv)">Eirene Residence</a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_city_center_map.png" title="File:Plovdiv city center map.png">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Ancient monuments in Plovdiv</div></div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman theatre">Ancient theatre (Antichen teatur)</a> is probably the best-known monument from <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">antiquity</a> in Bulgaria.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During recent archaeological survey, an inscription was found on a postament of a statue at the theatre. It revealed that the site was constructed at the 90s of the 1st century CE. The inscription itself refers to Titus Flavius Cotis, the ruler of the ancient city during the reign of Emperor Domitian. </p><p>The Ancient theatre is situated in the natural saddle between two of the Three Hills. It is divided into two parts with 14 rows each divided with a horizontal lane. The theatre could accommodate up to 7,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The three-story scene is on the southern part and is decorated with <a href="/wiki/Frieze" title="Frieze">friezes</a>, cornices, and statues. The theatre was studied, conserved, and restored between 1968 and 1984. Many events are still held on the scene<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the Opera Festival Opera Open, the Rock Festival Sounds of the Ages, and the International Folklore festival. The Roman Odeon was restored in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was built in the 2nd–5th centuries and is the second (and smaller) antique <a href="/wiki/Odeon_of_Philippopolis" title="Odeon of Philippopolis">theatre of Philipopolis</a> with 350 seats. It was initially built as a bulevterion, an edifice of the city council, and was later reconstructed as a theatre. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman Stadium">Ancient Stadium</a><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is another important monument of the ancient city. It was built in the 2nd century during the reign of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> Emperor <a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a>. It is situated between Danov Hill and one of the Three Hills, beneath the main street from Dzhumaya Square to Kamenitsa Square. It was modelled after the stadium in <a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a>. It was approximately 240 metres (790 feet) long and 50 metres (160 feet) wide, and could seat up to 30,000 spectators. The athletic games at the stadium were organised by the General Assembly of the province of Thrace. In their honour, the royal mint of Philippopolis coined money featuring the face of the ruling emperor as well as the types of athletic events held in the stadium. Only a small part of the northern section with 14 seat rows can be seen today; the larger part lies under the main street and a number of buildings. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Forum (Plovdiv)">The Roman forum</a> dates from the reign of <a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a> in the 1st century and was finished in the 2nd century. It is near the modern post office next to the Odeon. It has an area of 11 hectares and was surrounded by shops and public buildings. The forum was a focal point of the streets of the ancient city.<sup id="cite_ref-ppdv_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ppdv-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Eirene_Residence_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eirene Residence (Plovdiv)">Eirene Residence</a> is in the southern part of the Three Hills on the northern part of an ancient street in the Archeological underpass. It includes remains of a public building from the 3rd–4th centuries which belonged to a noble citizen. Eirene is the Christian name for Penelopa, a maiden from Megadon, who was converted to Christianity in the 2nd century. There are colourful mosaics which have geometrical forms and figures.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On <a href="/wiki/Nebet_Tepe" title="Nebet Tepe">Nebet hill</a> are the remains of the first settlement which in 12th century BCE grew to the <a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thracian</a> city of Eumolpias, one of the first cities in Southeastern Europe. Massive walls surrounding a temple and a palace have been excavated. The oldest part of the fortress was constructed from large syenite blocks, the so-called "cyclopean construction". </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Ancient monuments</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0785_-_Roman_Theatre_of_Philippopolis_(7432772486).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theatre"><img alt="Theatre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0785_-_Roman_Theatre_of_Philippopolis_%287432772486%29.jpg/271px-Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0785_-_Roman_Theatre_of_Philippopolis_%287432772486%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0785_-_Roman_Theatre_of_Philippopolis_%287432772486%29.jpg/407px-Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0785_-_Roman_Theatre_of_Philippopolis_%287432772486%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0785_-_Roman_Theatre_of_Philippopolis_%287432772486%29.jpg/542px-Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0785_-_Roman_Theatre_of_Philippopolis_%287432772486%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 161px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman theatre">Theatre</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_stadium.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roman stadium"><img alt="Roman stadium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Roman_stadium.jpg/220px-Roman_stadium.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Roman_stadium.jpg/330px-Roman_stadium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Roman_stadium.jpg/440px-Roman_stadium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5227" data-file-height="4279" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 127px"><div class="gallerytext">Roman stadium</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Odeon_plovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Odeon"><img alt="Odeon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Odeon_plovdiv.jpg/320px-Odeon_plovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Odeon_plovdiv.jpg/480px-Odeon_plovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Odeon_plovdiv.jpg/640px-Odeon_plovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 194px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Odeon_of_Philippopolis" title="Odeon of Philippopolis">Odeon</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 190.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 188.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_forum_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Forum"><img alt="Forum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Plovdiv_forum_panorama.jpg/283px-Plovdiv_forum_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="189" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Plovdiv_forum_panorama.jpg/425px-Plovdiv_forum_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Plovdiv_forum_panorama.jpg/566px-Plovdiv_forum_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3136" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 169px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Forum (Plovdiv)">Forum</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Bishop%60s_basilica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Bishop's basilica of Phiippopolis"><img alt="The Bishop's basilica of Phiippopolis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/The_Bishop%60s_basilica.jpg/320px-The_Bishop%60s_basilica.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/The_Bishop%60s_basilica.jpg/480px-The_Bishop%60s_basilica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/The_Bishop%60s_basilica.jpg/640px-The_Bishop%60s_basilica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2252" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 194px"><div class="gallerytext">The Bishop's basilica of Phiippopolis</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bazilika_golyama2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bishop basilica"><img alt="Bishop basilica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Bazilika_golyama2.jpg/271px-Bazilika_golyama2.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Bazilika_golyama2.jpg/407px-Bazilika_golyama2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Bazilika_golyama2.jpg/543px-Bazilika_golyama2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="679" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 161px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Great_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Great Basilica, Plovdiv">Bishop basilica</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Small_basilica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Small basilica"><img alt="Small basilica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Small_basilica.jpg/240px-Small_basilica.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Small_basilica.jpg/360px-Small_basilica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Small_basilica.jpg/480px-Small_basilica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Small_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Small Basilica, Plovdiv">Small basilica</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 146.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 144.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Small_basilica1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Small basilica"><img alt="Small basilica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Small_basilica1.jpg/217px-Small_basilica1.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Small_basilica1.jpg/325px-Small_basilica1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Small_basilica1.jpg/433px-Small_basilica1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 125px"><div class="gallerytext">Small basilica</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Round_tower_plovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="3rd century round tower"><img alt="3rd century round tower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Round_tower_plovdiv.jpg/240px-Round_tower_plovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Round_tower_plovdiv.jpg/360px-Round_tower_plovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Round_tower_plovdiv.jpg/480px-Round_tower_plovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">3rd century round tower</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eirene_mosaics5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mosaics in Eirene residence"><img alt="Mosaics in Eirene residence" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Eirene_mosaics5.jpg/240px-Eirene_mosaics5.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Eirene_mosaics5.jpg/360px-Eirene_mosaics5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Eirene_mosaics5.jpg/480px-Eirene_mosaics5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Mosaics in <a href="/wiki/Eirene_Residence_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eirene Residence (Plovdiv)">Eirene residence</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wodo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aqueduct"><img alt="Aqueduct" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Wodo.jpg/240px-Wodo.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Wodo.jpg/360px-Wodo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Wodo.jpg/480px-Wodo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Aqueduct</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv6.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nebet tepe"><img alt="Nebet tepe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Plovdiv6.jpg/240px-Plovdiv6.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Plovdiv6.jpg/360px-Plovdiv6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Plovdiv6.jpg/480px-Plovdiv6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3336" data-file-height="2503" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Nebet tepe</div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums_and_protected_sites">Museums and protected sites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Museums and protected sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Archaeological Museum was established in 1882 as the People's Museum of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Rumelia" title="Eastern Rumelia">Eastern Rumelia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1928 the museum was moved to a 19th-century edifice on Saedinenie Square built by Plovdiv architect <a href="/wiki/Josef_Schnitter" title="Josef Schnitter">Josef Schnitter</a>. The museum contains a rich collection of Thracian art. The three sections "Prehistory",<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Antiquity",<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "Middle Ages"<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contain precious artifacts from the <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a> to the early Ottoman period (15th–16th centuries).<sup id="cite_ref-mus_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mus-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The famous <a href="/wiki/Panagyurishte_treasure" class="mw-redirect" title="Panagyurishte treasure">Panagyurishte treasure</a> is part of the museum's collection.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Regional_Historical_Museum" title="Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum">Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum</a><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was founded in 1951 as a scientific and cultural institute for collecting, saving, and researching historical evidence about Plovdiv and the surrounding region from 16th to 20th centuries. The exhibition is situated in three buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-mus_118-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mus-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum" title="Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum">Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum</a> was inaugurated in 1917. On 14 October 1943, it was moved to a house in the Old Town. In 1949 the Municipal House-museum was reorganized as a People's Ethnographic Museum and in 1962 it was renovated. There are more than 40,000 objects.<sup id="cite_ref-mus_118-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mus-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Museum of Natural Science was inaugurated in 1955 in the old edifice of the Plovdiv Municipality built in 1880. It is among the most important museums in the country with rich collections in its <a href="/wiki/Paleontology" title="Paleontology">Paleontology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mineralogy" title="Mineralogy">Mineralogy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Botany" title="Botany">Botanic</a> sections. There are several rooms for wildlife and it contains Bulgaria's largest freshwater aquarium with 40 fish species.<sup id="cite_ref-mus_118-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mus-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a collection of minerals from the <a href="/wiki/Rhodope_mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodope mountains">Rhodope mountains</a>. </p><p>The Museum of Aviation was established on 21 September 1991 on the territory of the Krumovo airbase<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 12 km (7 mi) to the southeast of the city. The museum possesses 59 aircraft and indoor and outdoor exhibitions.<sup id="cite_ref-mus_118-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mus-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Old Town of Plovdiv is a historic preservation site known for its Bulgarian Renaissance architectural style. The Old Town covers the area of the three central hills (Трихълмие, <i>Trihalmie</i>). Almost every house in the Old Town has its characteristic exterior and interior decoration. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover center"> <li class="gallerycaption">The Old Town</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 183.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 181.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town_Plovdiv2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balabanov house"><img alt="Balabanov house" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Old_town_Plovdiv2.jpg/272px-Old_town_Plovdiv2.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Old_town_Plovdiv2.jpg/408px-Old_town_Plovdiv2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Old_town_Plovdiv2.jpg/544px-Old_town_Plovdiv2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 162px"><div class="gallerytext">Balabanov house</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lamartine House"><img alt="Lamartine House" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Old_town3.jpg/270px-Old_town3.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Old_town3.jpg/405px-Old_town3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Old_town3.jpg/540px-Old_town3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 160px"><div class="gallerytext">Lamartine House</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town14.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Church of St Constantine and Helena"><img alt="Church of St Constantine and Helena" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Old_town14.jpg/120px-Old_town14.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Old_town14.jpg/180px-Old_town14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Old_town14.jpg/240px-Old_town14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 60px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Constantine_and_Helena" title="Church of St Constantine and Helena">Church of St Constantine and Helena</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Klianti.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Klianti House"><img alt="Klianti House" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Klianti.jpg/240px-Klianti.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Klianti.jpg/360px-Klianti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Klianti.jpg/480px-Klianti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Klianti House</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town_Plovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Old town"><img alt="Old town" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Old_town_Plovdiv.jpg/240px-Old_town_Plovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Old_town_Plovdiv.jpg/360px-Old_town_Plovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Old_town_Plovdiv.jpg/480px-Old_town_Plovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Old town</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 183.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 181.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town_of_Plovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Street of Old town"><img alt="Street of Old town" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Old_town_of_Plovdiv.jpg/272px-Old_town_of_Plovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Old_town_of_Plovdiv.jpg/408px-Old_town_of_Plovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Old_town_of_Plovdiv.jpg/544px-Old_town_of_Plovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 162px"><div class="gallerytext">Street of Old town</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0743_-_Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum_(7432394622).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum"><img alt="Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0743_-_Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum_%287432394622%29.jpg/271px-Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0743_-_Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum_%287432394622%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0743_-_Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum_%287432394622%29.jpg/407px-Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0743_-_Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum_%287432394622%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0743_-_Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum_%287432394622%29.jpg/542px-Bulgaria_Bulgaria-0743_-_Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum_%287432394622%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 161px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum" title="Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum">Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town_Plovdiv4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Old town"><img alt="Old town" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Old_town_Plovdiv4.jpg/240px-Old_town_Plovdiv4.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Old_town_Plovdiv4.jpg/360px-Old_town_Plovdiv4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Old_town_Plovdiv4.jpg/480px-Old_town_Plovdiv4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Old town</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 183.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 181.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town_Plovdiv1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Old town - Plovdiv"><img alt="Old town - Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Old_town_Plovdiv1.jpg/272px-Old_town_Plovdiv1.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Old_town_Plovdiv1.jpg/408px-Old_town_Plovdiv1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Old_town_Plovdiv1.jpg/544px-Old_town_Plovdiv1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 162px"><div class="gallerytext">Old town - Plovdiv</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town_georgiadi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum"><img alt="Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Old_town_georgiadi.jpg/270px-Old_town_georgiadi.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Old_town_georgiadi.jpg/405px-Old_town_georgiadi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Old_town_georgiadi.jpg/540px-Old_town_georgiadi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 160px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Regional_Historical_Museum" title="Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum">Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Casa_Hindliyan_-_01_(5641181670).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hindliyan House"><img alt="Hindliyan House" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Casa_Hindliyan_-_01_%285641181670%29.jpg/270px-Casa_Hindliyan_-_01_%285641181670%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Casa_Hindliyan_-_01_%285641181670%29.jpg/405px-Casa_Hindliyan_-_01_%285641181670%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Casa_Hindliyan_-_01_%285641181670%29.jpg/540px-Casa_Hindliyan_-_01_%285641181670%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 160px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindliyan_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindliyan House (page does not exist)">Hindliyan House</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 81.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 79.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_town_hisar_kapia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hisar gate with the ethnographical museum"><img alt="Hisar gate with the ethnographical museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Old_town_hisar_kapia.jpg/119px-Old_town_hisar_kapia.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Old_town_hisar_kapia.jpg/179px-Old_town_hisar_kapia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Old_town_hisar_kapia.jpg/239px-Old_town_hisar_kapia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 60px"><div class="gallerytext">Hisar gate with the ethnographical museum</div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Churches,_mosques_and_temples"><span id="Churches.2C_mosques_and_temples"></span>Churches, mosques and temples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Churches, mosques and temples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are a number of 19th-century churches, most of which follow the distinctive <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a> construction style. They are the Saint Constantine and Saint Helena, the Saint Marina, the Saint Nedelya, the Saint Petka, and the Holy Mother of God Churches. As the city has been a gathering center for Orthodox Christians for a long period of time, Plovdiv is surrounded by several monasteries located at the foot of the Rhodope Mountains such as "St. George", "St. Kozma and Damian", St. Kirik, and Yulita (Ulita). They remain good examples of the late Middle Age Orthodox architecture and iconography masterpieces typical for the region. There are also Roman Catholic cathedrals in Plovdiv, the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_St_Louis,_Plovdiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of St Louis, Plovdiv">Cathedral of St Louis</a> being the largest. There are several more modern Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian, and other Protestant churches, as well as older style <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Apostolic">Apostolic</a> churches. </p><p>Two mosques remain in Plovdiv from the time of Ottoman rule. The <a href="/wiki/Dzhumaya_Mosque" title="Dzhumaya Mosque">Djumaya Mosque</a> is considered the oldest European mosque outside Moorish Spain. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Sephardic" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardic">Sephardic</a> <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Synagogue" title="Plovdiv Synagogue">Plovdiv Synagogue</a> is at Tsar Kaloyan Street 13 in the remnants of a small courtyard in what was once a large Jewish quarter. Dating to the 19th century, it is one of the best-preserved examples of the so-called "Ottoman-style" synagogues in the Balkans. According to author Ruth E. Gruber, the interior of the <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Synagogue" title="Plovdiv Synagogue">Plovdiv Synagogue</a> is a "hidden treasure...a glorious, if run-down, burst of color." An exquisite Venetian glass chandelier hangs from the center of the ceiling, which has a richly painted dome. All surfaces are covered in elaborate, Moorish-style, geometric designs in once-bright greens and blues. Torah scrolls are kept in the gilded Aron-ha-Kodesh.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre_and_music">Theatre and music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Theatre and music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Small_Plovdiv_street.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Small_Plovdiv_street.JPG/200px-Small_Plovdiv_street.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Small_Plovdiv_street.JPG/300px-Small_Plovdiv_street.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Small_Plovdiv_street.JPG/400px-Small_Plovdiv_street.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>A preserved medieval street in the Old town</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Odeon021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Odeon021.jpg/200px-Odeon021.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Odeon021.jpg/300px-Odeon021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Odeon021.jpg/400px-Odeon021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>A performance in the <a href="/wiki/Odeon_of_Philippopolis" title="Odeon of Philippopolis">Roman Odeon</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Plovdiv Drama Theatre<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a successor of the first professional theatre group in Bulgaria founded in 1881. The Plovdiv Puppet Theatre, founded in 1948, remains one of the leading institutions in this genre. The Plovdiv Opera was established in 1953. </p><p>Another pillar of Plovdiv's culture is the Philharmonic, founded in 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soloists such as <a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich" title="Dmitri Shostakovich">Dmitri Shostakovich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sviatoslav_Richter" title="Sviatoslav Richter">Sviatoslav Richter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a>, Yuri Boukov, and Mincho Minchev have worked with the Plovdiv Philharmonic. The orchestra has toured in almost all of the European countries. </p><p>The Trakiya Folklore Ensemble, founded in 1974, has performed thousands of concerts in Bulgaria and more than 42 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Trakiya Traditional Choir was nominated for a <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Detska_Kitka_Choir" class="mw-redirect" title="Detska Kitka Choir">Detska Kitka Choir</a> is one of the oldest and best-known youth choirs in Bulgaria and the winner of numerous awards from international choral competitions. <a href="/wiki/Evmolpeya" title="Evmolpeya">The Evmolpeya choir</a> is another girls' choir from Plovdiv, whose establishing patron, <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Chomakov" title="Ivan Chomakov">Ivan Chomakov</a>, became the then mayor in 2006. The choir was appointed a <a href="/wiki/Goodwill_Ambassador" class="mw-redirect" title="Goodwill Ambassador">Goodwill Ambassador</a> and a municipal choir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Plovdiv is among the nation's primary literary centres. In 1855 <a href="/wiki/Hristo_G._Danov" title="Hristo G. Danov">Hristo G. Danov</a> created the first Bulgarian publishing company and printing-press.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city's traditions as a literary centre are preserved by the first public library in Bulgaria, the <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Vazov_National_Library" title="Ivan Vazov National Library">Ivan Vazov National Library</a>, the 19 <i><a href="/wiki/Chitalishta" class="mw-redirect" title="Chitalishta">chitalishta</a></i> (cultural centres), and by numerous booksellers and publishers. The library was founded in 1879<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and named after the famous Bulgarian writer and poet <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Vazov" title="Ivan Vazov">Ivan Vazov</a> who worked in Plovdiv for five years creating some of his best works.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today the Ivan Vazov National Library is the second largest national library institution with more than 1.5 million books,<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> owning rare Bulgarian and European publications. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts">Arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_Art_Gallery_P5030085.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/82/Plovdiv_Art_Gallery_P5030085.JPG/200px-Plovdiv_Art_Gallery_P5030085.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/82/Plovdiv_Art_Gallery_P5030085.JPG/300px-Plovdiv_Art_Gallery_P5030085.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/82/Plovdiv_Art_Gallery_P5030085.JPG/400px-Plovdiv_Art_Gallery_P5030085.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>The Art Gallery of Plovdiv</figcaption></figure> <p>The city has traditions in <a href="/wiki/Iconography" title="Iconography">iconography</a> since the Middle Ages. During the Period of National Revival, a number of notable icon-painters (called in Bulgarian <i>zografi</i>, <i>зографи</i>) from all regions of the country worked in Plovdiv such as –  <a href="/wiki/Dimitar_Zograf" title="Dimitar Zograf">Dimitar Zograf</a>, his son Zafir Zograf, <a href="/wiki/Zahari_Zograf" title="Zahari Zograf">Zahari Zograf</a>, Georgi Danchov, and others.<sup id="cite_ref-pat_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pat-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Liberation, the Bulgarian painter of <a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czech</a> origin <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Mrkvi%C4%8Dka" title="Ivan Mrkvička">Ivan Mrkvička</a> came to work in the city. The Painters' Society was established there by artists from southern Bulgaria in 1912 whose members included painters <a href="/wiki/Zlatyu_Boyadzhiev" title="Zlatyu Boyadzhiev">Zlatyu Boyadzhiev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsanko_Lavrenov" title="Tsanko Lavrenov">Tsanko Lavrenov</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sirak_Skitnik" title="Sirak Skitnik">Sirak Skitnik</a>. </p><p>Today the city has more than 40 art galleries with most of them being privately owned. The Art Gallery of Plovdiv was founded in the late 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It possesses 5,000 pieces of art in four buildings. Since 1981, it has had a section for <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Mexico" title="Culture of Mexico">Mexican</a> art donated by Mexican painters in honour of the 1,300-year anniversary of the Bulgarian State. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Capital_of_Culture">European Capital of Culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: European Capital of Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 5 September 2014, Plovdiv was selected as the Bulgarian host of <a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capital of Culture</a> in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-culturecapital_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-culturecapital-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city will co-host the event with <a href="/wiki/Matera" title="Matera">Matera</a> and another city (yet to be decided). </p><p>After Plovdiv was elected as European Capital of Culture in 2019, an ambitious cultural program has started its realisation. According to this program, there will be an Island of Arts in the middle of the Maritsa River in Plovdiv. The "Kapana" area (the "Trap") will become a quarter of the arts where the creative industries are going to be developed and presented. This famous area, Kapana, was renovated in 2014, restoring its authentic outlook.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It has been used for a number of festivals and art events. </p><p>For 2019 the City Under the Hills is planning a number of concerts, including "Balkan Music in Plovdiv".The city will host the Plovdiv Biennale and a number of international forums, such as a meeting of collectors from Europe, a summer art school, dance projects, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Plovdiv" title="Economy of Plovdiv">Economy of Plovdiv</a></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#E31A1C; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:68.454710592869px 72.896862742141px 0 0; border-top-color:#33A02C"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#33A02C"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:69.098300562505px; border-width:0 0 30.901699437495px 95.105651629515px; border-bottom-color:#1F78B4"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>GVA by sector (2013) </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1F78B4; color:;"> </span> Agriculture (5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#33A02C; color:;"> </span> Industry (57%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E31A1C; color:;"> </span> Services (38%)</div> </div> </div></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#B15928; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:99.211470131448px 12.53332335643px 0 0; border-top-color:#6A3D9A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#6A3D9A"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:87.630668004386px 48.175367410172px 0 0; border-top-color:#FF7F00"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#FF7F00"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:58.778525229247px 80.901699437495px 0 0; border-top-color:#E31A1C"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#E31A1C"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:12.53332335643px 99.211470131448px 0 0; border-top-color:#33A02C"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#33A02C"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 82.727194597248px 100px 0; border-right-color:#1F78B4"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#1F78B4"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Employees by sector (2014) </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1F78B4; color:;"> </span> Manufacturing (36%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#33A02C; color:;"> </span> Commerce (16%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E31A1C; color:;"> </span> Education (8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF7F00; color:;"> </span> Healthcare (7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6A3D9A; color:;"> </span> Transport (6%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B15928; color:;"> </span> Other (27%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>Although it is located in the middle of a rich agricultural region, Plovdiv's economy has shifted from agriculture to industry since the beginning of the 20th century. <a href="/wiki/Food_processing" title="Food processing">Food processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brewing" title="Brewing">brewing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Textiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Textiles">textiles</a> formed the pillars of the industrial economic shift.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communist</a> rule, the city's economy expanded and was dominated by heavy industry. After the fall of Communism in 1989 and the collapse of Bulgaria's <a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">planned economy</a>, a number of industrial complexes were closed; production of lead and <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machinery" class="mw-redirect" title="Machinery">machinery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">electronics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motor_truck" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor truck">motor trucks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_industry" title="Chemical industry">chemicals</a>, and cosmetics have continued. </p><p>Plovdiv is the economic capital of Bulgaria as it has the country's largest economy and contributes 7.5% of Bulgaria's GDP as of 2014<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-nsi_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsi-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, more than 35 thousand companies operate in the region which create jobs for 285,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-nsi_134-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsi-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The advantages of Plovdiv include the central geographic location, good infrastructure, and large population. Plovdiv has an international airport, terminal for intermodal transport, several connections with <a href="/wiki/Trakia_motorway" title="Trakia motorway">Trakia motorway</a> (connecting <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burgas" title="Burgas">Burgas</a>), proximity to <a href="/wiki/Maritsa_motorway" title="Maritsa motorway">Maritsa motorway</a> (the main corridor to <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>), and well-developed road and rail infrastructure which all led to the development of the city as the leading city in terms of industrial output in Bulgaria. Established in 1970, the <a href="/wiki/Toplofikatsiya_Plovdiv" title="Toplofikatsiya Plovdiv">Toplofikatsiya Plovdiv</a> company provides generation of electric power and heat and heat distribution for Plovdiv.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The economy of Plovdiv has long tradition in <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">manufacturing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">commerce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">transport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications">communications</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourism</a>. Apart from the industrial development of Plovdiv, there has been a significant surge in the IT and outsourcing service sector in the recent years, as well as a double-digit increase in the tourism growth in the city every year for the past 5 years.<sup id="cite_ref-tourism_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tourism-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_Indicators">Economic Indicators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Economic Indicators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Indicator </th> <th>Unit </th> <th>2010 </th> <th>2011 </th> <th>2012 </th> <th>2013 </th> <th>2014 </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left">GDP </td> <td align="center">BGN million </td> <td align="right">5,539 </td> <td align="right">6,062 </td> <td align="right">6,178 </td> <td align="right">6,374 </td> <td align="right">6,273 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Share in Bulgaria's GDP </td> <td align="center">% </td> <td align="right">7.5 </td> <td align="right">7.6 </td> <td align="right">7.6 </td> <td align="right">7.8 </td> <td align="right">7.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">GDP per capita </td> <td align="center">BGN </td> <td align="right">7,924 </td> <td align="right">8,888 </td> <td align="right">9,087 </td> <td align="right">9,394 </td> <td align="right">9,268 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Population </td> <td align="center">Number </td> <td align="right">696,300 </td> <td align="right">680,884 </td> <td align="right">678,860 </td> <td align="right">678,197 </td> <td align="right">675,586 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Average annual number of employees under labor contract </td> <td align="center">Number </td> <td align="right">208,438 </td> <td align="right">207,599 </td> <td align="right">205,876 </td> <td align="right">203,933 </td> <td align="right">207,057 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Average salary of employees under labor contract </td> <td align="center">BGN </td> <td align="right">6,462 </td> <td align="right">6,889 </td> <td align="right">7,418 </td> <td align="right">7,922 </td> <td align="right">8,504 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Economic activity rate </td> <td align="center">% </td> <td align="right">64.9 </td> <td align="right">64.2 </td> <td align="right">67.7 </td> <td align="right">70.7 </td> <td align="right">71.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Unemployment rate </td> <td align="center">% </td> <td align="right">8.5 </td> <td align="right">8.8 </td> <td align="right">11.2 </td> <td align="right">13.4 </td> <td align="right">13.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">FDI </td> <td align="center">EUR million </td> <td align="right">1.118 </td> <td align="right">1.259 </td> <td align="right">1.340 </td> <td align="right">1.648 </td> <td align="right">1.546 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Source: The National Statistical Institute<sup id="cite_ref-nsi_134-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsi-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry">Industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Industry has been the sole leader in attracting investment. Industry has been expanding since the late 1990s, with manufacturing plants being built in the city or in its outskirts mainly the municipality of Maritsa. In this period, some €500,000,000 has been invested in the construction of new factories. <a href="/wiki/Trakia_Economic_Zone" title="Trakia Economic Zone">Trakia Economic Zone</a> which is one of the largest industrial zones in Eastern Europe, is located around Plovdiv. Some of the biggest companies in the region include the Austrian utility company <a href="/wiki/EVN_Group" title="EVN Group">EVN</a>, PIMK (transport), Insa Oil (fuels), <a href="/wiki/Liebherr" title="Liebherr">Liebherr</a> (refrigerator plant), <a href="/wiki/Magna_International" title="Magna International">Magna International</a> (automotive industry), Bella Bulgaria (food manufacturing), Socotab (tobacco processing), <a href="/wiki/ABB_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="ABB Group">ABB Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schneider_Electric" title="Schneider Electric">Schneider Electric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osram" title="Osram">Osram</a>, Sensata Technologies, etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shopping_and_commerce">Shopping and commerce</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Shopping and commerce"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The commercial sector is developing quickly. Shopping centers have been built mainly in the Central district and the district of Trakiya. Those include Shopping Center Grand,<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Market Center,<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and two more all on the Kapitan Raycho Street,<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_138-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Forum in Trakiya, Excelsior, and others. Plovdiv has three large shopping centers: the €40 million Mall of Plovdiv (opened 2009) with a shopping area of 22,000 m<sup>2</sup> (236,806.03 sq ft), 11 cinema halls, and parking for 700 cars;<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Markovo tepe Mall (opened 2016);<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Plovdiv Plaza Mall which is 6 stories high with 127 000 m<sup>2</sup> area, half of which is the parking lot and the rest is shopping area. </p><p>Due to the high demand for business office space, new office and commercial buildings have been built. Several hypermarkets have been built mainly on the outskirts of the city: <a href="/wiki/Metro_AG" title="Metro AG">Metro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaufland" title="Kaufland">Kaufland</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Triumf_(hypermarket)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triumf (hypermarket) (page does not exist)">Triumf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Praktiker" title="Praktiker">Praktiker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billa_(supermarket)" title="Billa (supermarket)">Billa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mr._Bricolage" title="Mr. Bricolage">Mr. Bricolage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baumax" title="Baumax">Baumax</a>, Technopolis, Technomarket Europa, and others. The main shopping area is the central street with its shops, cafés, and restaurants. A number of cafés, craftsmen workshops, and souvenir shops are in the Old Town and the small streets in the centre, known among the locals as "The Trap" (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Капана</span>). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_International_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv International Fair">Plovdiv International Fair</a>, held annually since 1892, is the largest and oldest fair in the country and all of southeastern Europe, gathering companies from all over the world in an exhibition area of 138,000 m<sup>2</sup> (1,485,419.64 sq ft) located on a territory of 352,000 m<sup>2</sup> (3,788,896.47 sq ft) on the northern banks of the Maristsa river.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It attracts more than 600,000 visitors from many countries.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city has had a duty-free zone since 1987. It has a customs terminal handling cargo from trucks and trains.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_142-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_Plaza.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mall Plovdiv Plaza"><img alt="Mall Plovdiv Plaza" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Plovdiv_Plaza.jpg/360px-Plovdiv_Plaza.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Plovdiv_Plaza.jpg/540px-Plovdiv_Plaza.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Plovdiv_Plaza.jpg/720px-Plovdiv_Plaza.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 220px"><div class="gallerytext">Mall Plovdiv Plaza</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MallMakrovo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mall Markovo tepe"><img alt="Mall Markovo tepe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/MallMakrovo.jpg/270px-MallMakrovo.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/MallMakrovo.jpg/405px-MallMakrovo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/MallMakrovo.jpg/540px-MallMakrovo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 160px"><div class="gallerytext">Mall Markovo tepe</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mall_Plovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mall Plovdiv"><img alt="Mall Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Mall_Plovdiv.jpg/180px-Mall_Plovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Mall_Plovdiv.jpg/270px-Mall_Plovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Mall_Plovdiv.jpg/360px-Mall_Plovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 100px"><div class="gallerytext">Mall Plovdiv</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trade_Center_Forum,_Trakiya,_Plovdiv.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Forum Trakia shopping center"><img alt="Forum Trakia shopping center" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Trade_Center_Forum%2C_Trakiya%2C_Plovdiv.JPG/240px-Trade_Center_Forum%2C_Trakiya%2C_Plovdiv.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Trade_Center_Forum%2C_Trakiya%2C_Plovdiv.JPG/360px-Trade_Center_Forum%2C_Trakiya%2C_Plovdiv.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Trade_Center_Forum%2C_Trakiya%2C_Plovdiv.JPG/480px-Trade_Center_Forum%2C_Trakiya%2C_Plovdiv.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">Forum Trakia shopping center</div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_Railway_Station_TB_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Plovdiv_Railway_Station_TB_1.jpg/220px-Plovdiv_Railway_Station_TB_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Plovdiv_Railway_Station_TB_1.jpg/330px-Plovdiv_Railway_Station_TB_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Plovdiv_Railway_Station_TB_1.jpg/440px-Plovdiv_Railway_Station_TB_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2767" data-file-height="2668" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Central_railway_station" title="Plovdiv Central railway station">Plovdiv Central railway station</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Plovdiv's geographical position makes it an international transport hub. Three of the ten <a href="/wiki/Pan-European_corridors" title="Pan-European corridors">Pan-European corridors</a> run into or near the city: Corridor IV (<a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a>–<a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>–<a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>-Plovdiv-<a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>), Corridor VIII (<a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a>-Sofia-Plovdiv-<a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a>/<a href="/wiki/Burgas" title="Burgas">Burgas</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Pan-European_Corridor_X" title="Pan-European Corridor X">Corridor X</a> (<a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a>–<a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>-Plovdiv-Istanbul).<sup id="cite_ref-trans_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trans-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A major tourist centre, Plovdiv lies at the foot of the <a href="/wiki/Rhodope_Mountains" title="Rhodope Mountains">Rhodope Mountains</a>, and most people wishing to explore the mountains choose it as their trip's starting point. </p><p>The city is a major road and railway hub in southern Bulgaria with<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Trakia_motorway" title="Trakia motorway">Trakia motorway</a> (A1) only 5 km (3 mi) to the north. It lies on the important national route from Sofia to Burgas via Stara Zagora. First-class roads lead to Sofia to the west, <a href="/wiki/Karlovo" title="Karlovo">Karlovo</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Asenovgrad" title="Asenovgrad">Asenovgrad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kardzhali" title="Kardzhali">Kardzhali</a> to the south, and <a href="/wiki/Stara_Zagora" title="Stara Zagora">Stara Zagora</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haskovo" title="Haskovo">Haskovo</a> to the east. There are <a href="/wiki/Intercity_bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Intercity bus">intercity buses</a> which link Plovdiv with cities and towns all over the country and many European countries. They are based in three <a href="/wiki/Bus_station" title="Bus station">bus stations</a>: South, Rodopi, and North. </p><p>Railway transport in the city dates back to 1872 when it became a station on the <a href="/wiki/Lyubimets" title="Lyubimets">Lyubimets</a>–<a href="/wiki/Belovo,_Bulgaria" title="Belovo, Bulgaria">Belovo</a> railway line. There are railway lines to Sofia, <a href="/wiki/Panagyurishte" title="Panagyurishte">Panagyurishte</a>, Karlovo, <a href="/wiki/Peshtera" title="Peshtera">Peshtera</a>, Stara Zagora, <a href="/wiki/Dimitrovgrad,_Bulgaria" title="Dimitrovgrad, Bulgaria">Dimitrovgrad</a>, and Asenovgrad. There are three <a href="/wiki/Railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway station">railway stations</a>: –  <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Central_railway_station" title="Plovdiv Central railway station">Plovdiv Central</a>, Trakia, and Filipovo –  as well as a freight station.<sup id="cite_ref-trans_143-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trans-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bus_in_Plovdiv_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bus_in_Plovdiv_2006.jpg/220px-Bus_in_Plovdiv_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bus_in_Plovdiv_2006.jpg/330px-Bus_in_Plovdiv_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bus_in_Plovdiv_2006.jpg/440px-Bus_in_Plovdiv_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Bus in Plovdiv</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AG280T07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/AG280T07.jpg/220px-AG280T07.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/AG280T07.jpg/330px-AG280T07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/AG280T07.jpg/440px-AG280T07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="596" /></a><figcaption>Trolleybus in Plovdiv</figcaption></figure> <p>Plovdiv has a large public transport system<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including around 30 main and 2 extra bus lines. However, there are no <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">trams</a> in the city, and the <a href="/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Plovdiv" title="Trolleybuses in Plovdiv">Plovdiv trolleybus system</a> was closed in autumn 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Six bridges span the <a href="/wiki/Maritsa" title="Maritsa">Maritsa</a> river including a railway bridge and a <a href="/wiki/Covered_bridge" title="Covered bridge">covered bridge</a>. There are important road junctions to the south, southwest, and north. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Velomap_plovdiv.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Velomap_plovdiv.png/220px-Velomap_plovdiv.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Velomap_plovdiv.png/330px-Velomap_plovdiv.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Velomap_plovdiv.png/440px-Velomap_plovdiv.png 2x" data-file-width="933" data-file-height="791" /></a><figcaption>Map of Plovdiv's <a href="/wiki/Cycling_infrastructure" title="Cycling infrastructure">cycling infrastructure</a><br />Green: built<br />Orange: planned</figcaption></figure> <p>Plovdiv has a well-developed cycling infrastructure which covers almost all districts of the city. The total length of the cycling roads is 60 kilometres (37 miles) (48 kilometres (30 miles) are completed and 12 kilometres (7.5 miles) are under construction). The city has a total of 690 bike parkings. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Cycling Infrastructure</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Velo1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Velo1.jpg/320px-Velo1.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Velo1.jpg/480px-Velo1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Velo1.jpg/640px-Velo1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Velo2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Velo2.jpg/240px-Velo2.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Velo2.jpg/360px-Velo2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Velo2.jpg/480px-Velo2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Velo3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Velo3.jpg/135px-Velo3.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Velo3.jpg/202px-Velo3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Velo3.jpg/270px-Velo3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Velo4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Velo4.jpg/135px-Velo4.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Velo4.jpg/202px-Velo4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Velo4.jpg/270px-Velo4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Velo5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Velo5.jpg/320px-Velo5.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Velo5.jpg/480px-Velo5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Velo5.jpg/640px-Velo5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Velo6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Velo6.jpg/320px-Velo6.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Velo6.jpg/480px-Velo6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Velo6.jpg/640px-Velo6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> </li> </ul> <p>The number of registered private automobiles in the city increased from 178,104 in 2005 to 234,298 in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are around 658 cars per 1,000 inhabitants<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_airport_-_New_terminal_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Plovdiv_airport_-_New_terminal_building.jpg/220px-Plovdiv_airport_-_New_terminal_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Plovdiv_airport_-_New_terminal_building.jpg/330px-Plovdiv_airport_-_New_terminal_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Plovdiv_airport_-_New_terminal_building.jpg/440px-Plovdiv_airport_-_New_terminal_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="434" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Airport" title="Plovdiv Airport">Plovdiv Airport</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv International Airport">Plovdiv International Airport</a> is near the village of <a href="/wiki/Krumovo" title="Krumovo">Krumovo</a>, 5 km (3 mi) southeast of the city. It takes charter flights from Europe and has scheduled services with Ryanair to London Stansted and Dublin and S7 to Moscow. Wizz Air have services to London Luton, Dortmund, and Munich West.Many small airports are in the city's surroundings, including the <a href="/wiki/Graf_Ignatievo_Air_Base" title="Graf Ignatievo Air Base">Graf Ignatievo Air Base</a> in <a href="/wiki/Graf_Ignatievo" title="Graf Ignatievo">Graf Ignatievo</a> to the north of Plovdiv. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_International_Air_Festival" title="Bulgarian International Air Festival">BIAF Airshow</a> is held every two years on the <a href="/wiki/Krumovo" title="Krumovo">Krumovo</a> airbase and is one of the biggest airshows in the Balkans.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="particularly for the "one of the biggest...in the balkans" assertion (August 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Around two thirds of the citizens (62,38%) have secondary, specialized, or higher education. That percentage increased from 1992 to 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-edu_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edu-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Plovdiv has 78 schools including elementary, high, foreign language, mathematics, technical, and art schools. There are also 10 private schools and a <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminary</a>. The number of pupils in 2005 was 36,964 and has been constantly decreasing since the mid-1990 due to lower birth rate.<sup id="cite_ref-edu_150-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edu-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the most prestigious schools are the <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Language_School" title="Plovdiv Language School">Plovdiv Language School</a>, the High School of Mathematics, the Ivan Vazov Language School, the <a href="/wiki/Sts._Cyril_and_Methodius_High_School_of_Humanities,_Plovdiv" title="Sts. Cyril and Methodius High School of Humanities, Plovdiv">Sts. Cyril and Methodius High School of Humanities</a>, the National School of Commerce, and the French High School.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city has six universities and a number of state and private colleges and branches of other universities. Those include <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv University">Plovdiv University</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with 900 lecturers and employees and 13,000 students; the <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Medical_University" title="Plovdiv Medical University">Plovdiv Medical University</a>, with 2,600 students;<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Medical College; the Technical University of Sofia – Branch Plovdiv;<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Agricultural University –  Plovdiv;<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the University of Food Technologies;<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Academy for Music, Dance and Fine Arts;<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-edu_150-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edu-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2009 <a href="/wiki/International_Olympiad_in_Informatics" title="International Olympiad in Informatics">International Olympiad in Informatics</a> (IOI) was held at the <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv University">University of Plovdiv "Paisiy Hilendarski"</a>, between 8 and 15 August 2009. The 2009 IOI Honorary Patron was <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">Bulgarian President</a> <a href="/wiki/Georgi_Parvanov" title="Georgi Parvanov">Georgi Parvanov</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Between 1875 and 1906, the <a href="/wiki/Zariphios_School" title="Zariphios School">Zariphios School</a> was one of the local Greek educational institutions that provided elementary and secondary education.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports_and_recreation">Sports and recreation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Sports and recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv_Sports_Complex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plovdiv Sports Complex (page does not exist)">Plovdiv Sports Complex</a> consists of <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Stadium">Plovdiv Stadium</a> with several additional football fields, tennis courts, <a href="/wiki/Swimming_pool" title="Swimming pool">swimming pools</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Rowing_(sport)" title="Rowing (sport)">rowing base</a> with a 2 km-long channel, restaurants, and cafés in a spacious park in the western part of the city just south of the <a href="/wiki/Maritsa" title="Maritsa">Maritsa</a> river. There are also playgrounds for children. It is popular among the citizens and guests of Plovdiv who use it for jogging, walking, and relaxation. Plovdiv Stadium (55,000 seats) is the largest football venue in Bulgaria.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other stadiums include <a href="/wiki/Hristo_Botev_Stadium_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hristo Botev Stadium (Plovdiv)">Stadion Botev</a> (19,000 seats), <a href="/wiki/Lokomotiv_Stadium_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lokomotiv Stadium (Plovdiv)">Lokomotiv</a> (10,000 seats), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maritsa_Stadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maritsa Stadium (page does not exist)">Maritsa Stadium</a> (5,000 seats), and <a href="/wiki/Todor_Diev_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Todor Diev Stadium">Todor Diev Stadium</a> (7,000 seats). There are seven indoor <a href="/wiki/Sports_hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports hall">sports halls</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kolodruma" title="Kolodruma">Kolodruma</a>, University Hall, Olimpia, Lokomotiv, Dunav, Stroitel, Chaika, Akademik, and Total Sport. In 2006, <a href="/wiki/Aqualand" title="Aqualand">Aqualand</a>, a water park, was opened near the city centre.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several smaller water parks are in the city as well. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Sport Facilities</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_Stadium.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Plovdiv Stadium and sport complex"><img alt="Plovdiv Stadium and sport complex" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Plovdiv_Stadium.JPG/240px-Plovdiv_Stadium.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Plovdiv_Stadium.JPG/360px-Plovdiv_Stadium.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Plovdiv_Stadium.JPG/480px-Plovdiv_Stadium.JPG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Stadium">Plovdiv Stadium</a> and sport complex</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 240px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 238px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rowing base"><img alt="Rowing base" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/357px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/535px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/713px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="455" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 218px"><div class="gallerytext">Rowing base</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kolezha.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hristo Botev Stadium"><img alt="Hristo Botev Stadium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Kolezha.jpg/321px-Kolezha.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Kolezha.jpg/481px-Kolezha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Kolezha.jpg/641px-Kolezha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="382" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 194px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hristo_Botev_Stadium_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hristo Botev Stadium (Plovdiv)">Hristo Botev Stadium</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lokomotiv_Stadium_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lokomotiv Stadium"><img alt="Lokomotiv Stadium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Lokomotiv_Stadium_2022.jpg/320px-Lokomotiv_Stadium_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Lokomotiv_Stadium_2022.jpg/480px-Lokomotiv_Stadium_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Lokomotiv_Stadium_2022.jpg/640px-Lokomotiv_Stadium_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="1539" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 194px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lokomotiv_Stadium_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lokomotiv Stadium (Plovdiv)">Lokomotiv Stadium</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sports_hall_of_Plovdiv_University,_Plovdiv,_Bulgaria_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plovdiv University sports hall"><img alt="Plovdiv University sports hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Sports_hall_of_Plovdiv_University%2C_Plovdiv%2C_Bulgaria_2.jpg/269px-Sports_hall_of_Plovdiv_University%2C_Plovdiv%2C_Bulgaria_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Sports_hall_of_Plovdiv_University%2C_Plovdiv%2C_Bulgaria_2.jpg/404px-Sports_hall_of_Plovdiv_University%2C_Plovdiv%2C_Bulgaria_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Sports_hall_of_Plovdiv_University%2C_Plovdiv%2C_Bulgaria_2.jpg/538px-Sports_hall_of_Plovdiv_University%2C_Plovdiv%2C_Bulgaria_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 160px"><div class="gallerytext">Plovdiv University sports hall</div> </div> </li> </ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Football</a> is the most popular sport in the city; Plovdiv has four professional teams. The city has <a href="/wiki/PFC_Botev_Plovdiv" class="mw-redirect" title="PFC Botev Plovdiv">PFC Botev Plovdiv</a>, founded in 1912 and <a href="/wiki/PFC_Lokomotiv_Plovdiv" title="PFC Lokomotiv Plovdiv">PFC Lokomotiv</a>, founded in 1926.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both teams are a regular fixture in the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_A_Professional_Football_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian A Professional Football Group">top Bulgarian league</a>. The rivalry between them is considered to be even more fierce than the one between <a href="/wiki/PFC_Levski_Sofia" title="PFC Levski Sofia">Levski</a> and <a href="/wiki/PFC_CSKA_Sofia" title="PFC CSKA Sofia">CSKA</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>. There are two other football clubs in the city – <a href="/wiki/Maritsa_Plovdiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritsa Plovdiv">Maritsa FC</a> (founded in 1921) and <a href="/wiki/Spartak_Plovdiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartak Plovdiv">Spartak Plovdiv</a> (1947).<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Plovdiv is host of the international <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a> tournament "Strandzha" which has taken place since 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, 96 boxers from 20 countries participated in the tournament. There is a <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a> club and a horse base near the city. Plovdiv has several volleyball and basketball teams. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv-tsar-simeon-garden-201704.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Plovdiv-tsar-simeon-garden-201704.jpg/220px-Plovdiv-tsar-simeon-garden-201704.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Plovdiv-tsar-simeon-garden-201704.jpg/330px-Plovdiv-tsar-simeon-garden-201704.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Plovdiv-tsar-simeon-garden-201704.jpg/440px-Plovdiv-tsar-simeon-garden-201704.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>A view from the "singing fountains" in Tsar Simeon's garden.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:City_Garden_P5030039.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/City_Garden_P5030039.jpg/220px-City_Garden_P5030039.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/City_Garden_P5030039.jpg/330px-City_Garden_P5030039.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/City_Garden_P5030039.jpg/440px-City_Garden_P5030039.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>A view from the City garden.</figcaption></figure> <p>Three of the city's seven hills are protected natural territories since 1995. Two of the first parks in Bulgaria are located in the city center  –  <i>Tsar Simeon garden – city garden</i>, where the very first work of the Italian sculptor <a href="/wiki/Arnoldo_Zocchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Arnoldo Zocchi">Arnoldo Zocchi</a> could be seen, and <i>Dondukov garden – old city garden</i>. Some of the larger parks include the <i>Botanical garden</i>, <i>Beli Brezi</i>, <i>Ribnitsa</i>, and <i>Lauta</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Georgi_ivanov-676x1024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Georgi_ivanov-676x1024.jpg/140px-Georgi_ivanov-676x1024.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Georgi_ivanov-676x1024.jpg/210px-Georgi_ivanov-676x1024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Georgi_ivanov-676x1024.jpg/280px-Georgi_ivanov-676x1024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="676" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Ivanov_(cosmonaut)" title="Georgi Ivanov (cosmonaut)">Georgi Ivanov</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutkurovsava.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Mutkurovsava.jpg/140px-Mutkurovsava.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Mutkurovsava.jpg/210px-Mutkurovsava.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Mutkurovsava.jpg 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="378" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sava_Mutkurov" title="Sava Mutkurov">Sava Mutkurov</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivan_Vazov_Coloured_Improved.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Ivan_Vazov_Coloured_Improved.jpg/140px-Ivan_Vazov_Coloured_Improved.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Ivan_Vazov_Coloured_Improved.jpg/210px-Ivan_Vazov_Coloured_Improved.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Ivan_Vazov_Coloured_Improved.jpg/280px-Ivan_Vazov_Coloured_Improved.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Vazov" title="Ivan Vazov">Ivan Vazov</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Hilmi_of_Filibe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad Hilmi of Filibe">Ahmad Hilmi of Filibe</a> – (1865–1914), writer, thinker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Andonov" title="Ivan Andonov">Ivan Andonov</a> –  (1934–2011), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Arabadzhiev" title="Vladimir Arabadzhiev">Vladimir Arabadzhiev</a> –  (born 1984), racing driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zlatyu_Boyadzhiev" title="Zlatyu Boyadzhiev">Zlatyu Boyadzhiev</a> –  (1903–1976), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Christoff" title="Boris Christoff">Boris Christoff</a> –  (1914–1993), basso</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hristo_G._Danov" title="Hristo G. Danov">Hristo G. Danov</a> –  (1828–1911), publisher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimcho_Debelyanov" title="Dimcho Debelyanov">Dimcho Debelyanov</a> –  (1887–1916), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Finzi" title="Samuel Finzi">Samuel Finzi</a> –  (born 1966), German actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ganchev" title="George Ganchev">George Ganchev</a> –  (1939–2019), actor, writer, politician and fencer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayden_Gerov" title="Nayden Gerov">Nayden Gerov</a> –  (1823–1900), linguist, folklorist and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Evstratiev_Geshov" title="Ivan Evstratiev Geshov">Ivan Evstratiev Geshov</a> –  (1849–1924), former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todor_Kableshkov" title="Todor Kableshkov">Todor Kableshkov</a> –  (1851–1876), a 19th-century Bulgarian revolutionary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petko_Karavelov" title="Petko Karavelov">Petko Karavelov</a> –  (1843–1903), revolutionary and former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asen_Kisimov" title="Asen Kisimov">Asen Kisimov</a> –  (1936–2005), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Kleovoulos" title="Georgios Kleovoulos">Georgios Kleovoulos</a> –  (ca.1785-1828), Greek scholar and educator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Komizopoulos" title="Antonios Komizopoulos">Antonios Komizopoulos</a> –  (19th.C.), Greek merchant and the 4th member of Filiki Eteria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milcho_Leviev" title="Milcho Leviev">Milcho Leviev</a>  –  (1937–2019), musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Lyapchev" title="Andrey Lyapchev">Andrey Lyapchev</a> –  (1866–1933), former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Malinov" title="Aleksandar Malinov">Aleksandar Malinov</a> –  (1867–1938), former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoika_Milanova" title="Stoika Milanova">Stoika Milanova</a> –  (born 1945), classical violinist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Mrkvi%C4%8Dka" title="Ivan Mrkvička">Ivan Mrkvička</a>  –  (1856–1938), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sava_Mutkurov" title="Sava Mutkurov">Sava Mutkurov</a> –  (1852–1891), former <a href="/wiki/Regency" class="mw-redirect" title="Regency">Regent</a> of Bulgaria, the chief architect of the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_unification" title="Bulgarian unification">Bulgarian unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiril_Petkov" title="Kiril Petkov">Kiril Petkov</a> –  (born 1980), acting <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvena_Rowe" title="Silvena Rowe">Silvena Rowe</a> –  (born 1967), British chef, food writer, TV personality and restaurateur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanka_Serkedzhieva" title="Nanka Serkedzhieva">Nanka Serkedzhieva</a>  –  (1925–2012), female military officer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencho_Slaveykov" title="Pencho Slaveykov">Pencho Slaveykov</a> –  (1866–1912), writer and poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Stoilov" title="Konstantin Stoilov">Konstantin Stoilov</a> –  (1853–1901), former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Stoyanov" title="Petar Stoyanov">Petar Stoyanov</a> –  (born 1952), former <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">President of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavik_Tabakov" title="Slavik Tabakov">Slavik Tabakov</a> –  medical physicist, President <a href="/wiki/IOMP" class="mw-redirect" title="IOMP">IOMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Tahmizian" title="Emma Tahmizian">Emma Tahmizian</a> –  (born 1957), pianist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayden_Todorov" title="Nayden Todorov">Nayden Todorov</a> –  (born 1974), conductor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christos_Tsigiridis" title="Christos Tsigiridis">Christos Tsigiridis</a> –  (1877-1947), Greek <a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical engineer">electrical engineer</a> and technological pioneer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Vazov" title="Ivan Vazov">Ivan Vazov</a> –  (1850–1921), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhan_Videnov" title="Zhan Videnov">Zhan Videnov</a> –  (born 1959), former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_Wagenstein" title="Angel Wagenstein">Angel Wagenstein</a> (1922-2023), screenwriter and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonya_Yoncheva" title="Sonya Yoncheva">Sonya Yoncheva</a> –  (born 1981), opera singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yordan_Yovkov" title="Yordan Yovkov">Yordan Yovkov</a> –  (1880–1937), writer</li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hristo_stoichkov-2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Hristo_stoichkov-2010.jpg/140px-Hristo_stoichkov-2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Hristo_stoichkov-2010.jpg/210px-Hristo_stoichkov-2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Hristo_stoichkov-2010.jpg/280px-Hristo_stoichkov-2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="770" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hristo_Stoichkov" title="Hristo Stoichkov">Hristo Stoichkov</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miro_(wrestler)" title="Miro (wrestler)">Miroslav Barnyashev</a> –  (born 1984), professional wrestler, performing under the name of Miro</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Hristov_(footballer,_born_1985)" title="Georgi Hristov (footballer, born 1985)">Georgi Hristov</a> –  (born 1985), former professional footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefka_Kostadinova" title="Stefka Kostadinova">Stefka Kostadinova</a> –  (born 1965), world-record holder in the women's high jump</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolos_Nikolaidis_(athlete)" title="Apostolos Nikolaidis (athlete)">Apostolos Nikolaidis</a> –  (1896–1980), Greek athlete</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsvetana_Pironkova" title="Tsvetana Pironkova">Tsvetana Pironkova</a> –  (born 1987), professional tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iva_Prandzheva" title="Iva Prandzheva">Iva Prandzheva</a> –  (born 1972), long jumper and triple jumper</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hristo_Stoichkov" title="Hristo Stoichkov">Hristo Stoichkov</a> –  (born 1966), football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serafim_Todorov" title="Serafim Todorov">Serafim Todorov</a> –  (born 1969), boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yordan_Yovchev" title="Yordan Yovchev">Yordan Yovchev</a> –  (born 1973), gymnast</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Bulgaria" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Bulgaria">List of twin towns and sister cities in Bulgaria</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Direction_signs_-_Plovdiv%27s_sister_cities,_Bulgaria.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Direction_signs_-_Plovdiv%27s_sister_cities%2C_Bulgaria.JPG/220px-Direction_signs_-_Plovdiv%27s_sister_cities%2C_Bulgaria.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Direction_signs_-_Plovdiv%27s_sister_cities%2C_Bulgaria.JPG/330px-Direction_signs_-_Plovdiv%27s_sister_cities%2C_Bulgaria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Direction_signs_-_Plovdiv%27s_sister_cities%2C_Bulgaria.JPG/440px-Direction_signs_-_Plovdiv%27s_sister_cities%2C_Bulgaria.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Sign showing Plovdiv's sister cities</figcaption></figure> <p>Plovdiv is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa">Bursa</a>, Turkey</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Changchun" title="Changchun">Changchun</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a>, United States</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a>, South Korea</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a>, Ukraine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gyumri" title="Gyumri">Gyumri</a>, Armenia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a>, Saudi Arabia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, Turkey</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ivanovo" title="Ivanovo">Ivanovo</a>, Russia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kastoria" title="Kastoria">Kastoria</a>, Greece</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a>, Slovakia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kumanovo" title="Kumanovo">Kumanovo</a>, North Macedonia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kutaisi" title="Kutaisi">Kutaisi</a>, Georgia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Leskovac" title="Leskovac">Leskovac</a>, Serbia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Ohrid</a>, North Macedonia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Okayama" title="Okayama">Okayama</a>, Japan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan"><img alt="Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Petra" title="Petra">Petra</a>, Jordan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, Russia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan"><img alt="Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a>, Uzbekistan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a>, Greece</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela"><img alt="Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Valencia,_Carabobo" class="mw-redirect" title="Valencia, Carabobo">Valencia</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yekaterinburg" title="Yekaterinburg">Yekaterinburg</a>, Russia</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honour">Honour</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Honour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Minor_planet" title="Minor planet">minor planet</a>) <a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets:_3001%E2%80%934000#860" title="List of minor planets: 3001–4000">3860 Plovdiv</a> is named after the city. It was discovered by the <a href="/wiki/Belgians" title="Belgians">Belgian</a> astronomer <a href="/wiki/Eric_Walter_Elst" title="Eric Walter Elst">Eric W. Elst</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarian</a> astronomer <a href="/wiki/Violeta_G._Ivanova" title="Violeta G. Ivanova">Violeta G. Ivanova</a> on 8 August 1986. <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Peak" title="Plovdiv Peak">Plovdiv Peak</a> (1,040 m or 3,412 ft) on <a href="/wiki/Livingston_Island" title="Livingston Island">Livingston Island</a> in the <a href="/wiki/South_Shetland_Islands" title="South Shetland Islands">South Shetland Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>, is also named after Plovdiv. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdivpanorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A panoramic view"><img alt="A panoramic view" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Plovdivpanorama.jpg/120px-Plovdivpanorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Plovdivpanorama.jpg/180px-Plovdivpanorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Plovdivpanorama.jpg/240px-Plovdivpanorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4501" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A panoramic view</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_Bulgaria_street_view.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Looking down one of the streets in Plovdiv."><img alt="Looking down one of the streets in Plovdiv." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Plovdiv_Bulgaria_street_view.JPG/120px-Plovdiv_Bulgaria_street_view.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Plovdiv_Bulgaria_street_view.JPG/180px-Plovdiv_Bulgaria_street_view.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Plovdiv_Bulgaria_street_view.JPG/240px-Plovdiv_Bulgaria_street_view.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Looking down one of the streets in Plovdiv.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv_Fortress_Plan.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Plan of the medieval fortress"><img alt="Plan of the medieval fortress" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Plovdiv_Fortress_Plan.png/79px-Plovdiv_Fortress_Plan.png" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Plovdiv_Fortress_Plan.png/119px-Plovdiv_Fortress_Plan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Plovdiv_Fortress_Plan.png/159px-Plovdiv_Fortress_Plan.png 2x" data-file-width="944" data-file-height="1424" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Plan of the medieval fortress</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Bulgaria" title="List of airports in Bulgaria">List of airports in Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bulgaria" title="List of cities and towns in Bulgaria">List of cities and towns in Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Plovdiv" title="List of mayors of Plovdiv">List of mayors of Plovdiv</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/21px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/32px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/42px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bulgaria" title="Portal:Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/19px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/29px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/38px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurostat&rft.atitle=Functional+Urban+Areas+%E2%80%93+Population+on+1+January+by+age+groups+and+sex&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fweb%2Fproducts-datasets%2F-%2Furb_lpop1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-European_Metropolitan_regions-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-European_Metropolitan_regions_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=met_pjanaggr3&lang=en">"Population on 1 January by broad age group, sex and metropolitan regions"</a>. <i>eurostat.ec</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eurostat.ec&rft.atitle=Population+on+1+January+by+broad+age+group%2C+sex+and+metropolitan+regions&rft.date=2017-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fappsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fnui%2Fshow.do%3Fdataset%3Dmet_pjanaggr3%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/en/node/13035">"Population and Demographic Processes in 2014 (Final data) – National statistical institute"</a>. <i>www.nsi.bg</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161115165503/http://www.nsi.bg/en/node/13035">Archived</a> from the original on 15 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nsi.bg&rft.atitle=Population+and+Demographic+Processes+in+2014+%28Final+data%29+%E2%80%93+National+statistical+institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fen%2Fnode%2F13035&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-plovdiv1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plovdiv1_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdiv.bg/en/about-plovdiv/history/">History (Plovdiv)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074804/http://www.plovdiv.bg/en/about-plovdiv/history/">Archived</a> 4 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Official website in English</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHammond2012" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/N._G._L._Hammond" title="N. G. L. Hammond">Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière</a> (2012), Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony; Eidinow, Esther (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199545568.001.0001/acref-9780199545568-e-4980">"Philippopolis"</a>, <i>The Oxford Classical Dictionary</i> (4th ed.), Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780199545568.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780199545568.001.0001</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954556-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954556-8"><bdi>978-0-19-954556-8</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150559/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199545568.001.0001/acref-9780199545568-e-4980">archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Oxford+Classical+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Philippopolis&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780199545568.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-954556-8&rft.aulast=Hammond&rft.aufirst=Nicholas+Geoffrey+Lempri%C3%A8re&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780199545568.001.0001%2Facref-9780199545568-e-4980&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKazhdan2005" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazhdan" title="Alexander Kazhdan">Kazhdan, Alexander P.</a> (2005) [1991], Kazhdan, Alexander P. 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201206144218/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-3702">archived</a> from the original on 6 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Late+Antiquity&rft.atitle=Philippopolis&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780198662778.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-866277-8&rft.aulast=Rizos&rft.aufirst=Efthymios&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780198662778.001.0001%2Facref-9780198662778-e-3702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arc-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-arc_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-arc_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-arc_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_m1709/The%20Collection">Arch museum</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160327063340/http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_m1709/The%20Collection">Archived</a> 27 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sofiaculture.com/obekti/index.php?idxP=4&pT=2&wT=37">Odrison</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304213507/http://sofiaculture.com/obekti/index.php?idxP=4&pT=2&wT=37">Archived</a> 4 March 2016 at the <a 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/5373164">the original</a> on 10 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Philippopolis%2C+Thrace+%28I-VII+c.%29+-+Ivo+Topalilov+-+Academia.edu&rft.date=2014-12-10&rft.aulast=Topalilov&rft.aufirst=Ivo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F5373164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theopompi-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-theopompi_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160630065827/http://heml.mta.ca/lace/sidebysideview2/8316488">"Index"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0198%3Abook%3D7%3Achapter%3D6">the original</a> on 26 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strabo%2C+Geography%2C+Book+7%2C+chapter+6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%253DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.01.0198%253Abook%253D7%253Achapter%253D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span> 32 quote</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170216050213/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0292%3Asection%3D10">"Plutarch, de curiositate, section 10"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0292%3Asection%3D10">the original</a> on 16 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft.atitle=Plutarch%2C+de+curiositate%2C+section+10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A2008.01.0292%253Asection%253D10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-col-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-col_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090405/https://www.questia.com/read/1E1-Plovdiv/plovdiv">"Plovdiv"</a>. <i>The Columbia Encyclopedia</i> (6th ed.). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/1E1-Plovdiv/plovdiv">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Plovdiv&rft.btitle=The+Columbia+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=6th&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.questia.com%2Fread%2F1E1-Plovdiv%2Fplovdiv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pld-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pld_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pld_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pld_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pld_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pld_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pld_15-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.desant.net/show-news/32250/">Kamen Kolev</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305022530/http://www.desant.net/show-news/32250/">Archived</a> 5 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/7F*.html#ref385">Strabo, <i>Geography</i> VII.6.2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928202148/https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/7F%2A.html#ref385">Archived</a> 28 September 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (see the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0197:book=7:chapter=6&highlight=*kalu%2Fbh">original Greek</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215523/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0197:book=7:chapter=6&highlight=*kalu/bh">Archived</a> 2 June 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ἀπόλλωνι Κενδρισῳ Βειθυς Κοτυος ἱερεὺς Συρίας θεᾶς δῶρον ἀνε-</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID%3D62054">"CNG-Ancient Greek, Roman, British Coins"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160806025816/http://cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=62054">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CNG-Ancient+Greek%2C+Roman%2C+British+Coins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcngcoins.com%2FCoin.aspx%3FCoinID%253D62054&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id%3D8i5EAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA140">"De re nummaria antiqua, opera quae extant universa - Hubertus Goltzius - Google Books"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911224216/https://books.google.com/books?id=8i5EAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA140">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=De+re+nummaria+antiqua%2C+opera+quae+extant+universa+-+Hubertus+Goltzius+-+Google+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%253D8i5EAAAAcAAJ%2526pg%253DPA140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id%3DZefRkZlhHVYC%26pg%3DPA95">"Ammianus Marcellinus - Google ブックス"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160623205058/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZefRkZlhHVYC&pg=PA95">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ammianus+Marcellinus+-+Google+%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%253DZefRkZlhHVYC%2526pg%253DPA95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMikalson2010" class="citation book cs1">Mikalson, Jon D. (2010). <i>Ancient Greek religion</i> (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-5819-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-5819-3"><bdi>978-1-4443-5819-3</bdi></a>. <q>...whose champion was the Thracian Eumolpus, a son of Poseidon.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Greek+religion&rft.place=Chichester%2C+West+Sussex%2C+U.K.&rft.pages=57&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4443-5819-3&rft.aulast=Mikalson&rft.aufirst=Jon+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JYuNyzOxyAkC&pg=PA289">"A Classical Dictionary"</a>. 1831. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819133812/https://books.google.com/books?id=JYuNyzOxyAkC&pg=PA289">Archived</a> from the original on 19 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Classical+Dictionary&rft.date=1831&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJYuNyzOxyAkC%26pg%3DPA289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrtizCánovasCampillo2010" class="citation book cs1">Ortiz, Alicia Morales; Cánovas, Cristóbal Pagán; Campillo, Carmen Martínez, eds. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ktd7tk5pqisC&pg=PA64"><i>The Teaching of Modern Greek in Europe</i></a>. EditumM. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-8371-938-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-8371-938-1"><bdi>978-84-8371-938-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819140158/https://books.google.com/books?id=ktd7tk5pqisC&pg=PA64">Archived</a> from the original on 19 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Teaching+of+Modern+Greek+in+Europe&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=EditumM&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-84-8371-938-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dktd7tk5pqisC%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaĭchevski2002" class="citation web cs1">Raĭchevski, Georgi (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Tl4sAQAAIAAJ&q=1350+evmolpias">"Plovdiv Encyclopedia"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150559/https://books.google.com/books?id=Tl4sAQAAIAAJ&q=1350+evmolpias">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plovdiv+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Ra%C4%ADchevski&rft.aufirst=Georgi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTl4sAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D1350%2Bevmolpias&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uk-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-uk_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/place/Plovdiv">"Plovdiv | Bulgaria"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160228001421/http://www.britannica.com/place/Plovdiv">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plovdiv+%26%23124%3B+Bulgaria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FPlovdiv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170107191013/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0006%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D4%3Aentry%3Dphilippopolis-2">"The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, PACHIA AMMOS ("Minoa") Ierapetra district, Crete., PHAISTOS Kainourgiou, Crete., PHILIPPOPOLIS or Eumolpia or Trimontium (Plovdiv） Bulgaria"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0006%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D4%3Aentry%3Dphilippopolis-2">the original</a> on 7 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft.atitle=The+Princeton+Encyclopedia+of+Classical+Sites%2C+PACHIA+AMMOS+%28%22Minoa%22%29+Ierapetra+district%2C+Crete.%2C+PHAISTOS+Kainourgiou%2C+Crete.%2C+PHILIPPOPOLIS+or+Eumolpia+or+Trimontium+%28Plovdiv%EF%BC%89+Bulgaria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.04.0006%253Aalphabetic%2Bletter%253DP%253Aentry%2Bgroup%253D4%253Aentry%253Dphilippopolis-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDragostinova2011" class="citation book cs1">Dragostinova, Theodora (2011). "underline remark # 47". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eUjV1Fd3W8oC&q=plovdiv+thracian++neolithic&pg=PT333"><i>Between Two Motherlands: Nationality and Emigration Among the Greeks of Bulgaria, 1900–1949</i></a>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-4945-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-4945-1"><bdi>978-0-8014-4945-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150559/https://books.google.com/books?id=eUjV1Fd3W8oC&q=plovdiv+thracian++neolithic&pg=PT333">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=underline+remark+%23+47&rft.btitle=Between+Two+Motherlands%3A+Nationality+and+Emigration+Among+the+Greeks+of+Bulgaria%2C+1900%E2%80%931949&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-4945-1&rft.aulast=Dragostinova&rft.aufirst=Theodora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeUjV1Fd3W8oC%26q%3Dplovdiv%2Bthracian%2B%2Bneolithic%26pg%3DPT333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFКуцаров2002" class="citation book cs1">Куцаров, Иван (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200818161248/https://books.google.com/books?hl=bg&id=7WEXAQAAIAAJ&dq=%D0%9F%D1%8A%D0%BF%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5"><i>Славяните и славянската филология: очерк по история на славистиката и булгаристиката от втората половина на XIX до началото на XXI век</i></a>. Пловдивско унивєрситєтско изд-во. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-954-423-244-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-954-423-244-3"><bdi>978-954-423-244-3</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7WEXAQAAIAAJ&q=%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5">the original</a> on 18 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%3A+%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D1%82+%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+XIX+%D0%B4%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0+XXI+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA&rft.pub=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%94%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%94%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4-%D0%B2%D0%BE&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-954-423-244-3&rft.aulast=%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7WEXAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%25D1%2584%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-filipopol-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-filipopol_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Philippopolis Album", Kesyakova Elena, Raytchev Dimitar, Hermes, Sofia, 2012, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-954-26-1117-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-954-26-1117-2">978-954-26-1117-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-райчевски-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-райчевски_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFРайчевски2002" class="citation book cs1">Райчевски, Георги (2002). <i>Пловдивска енциклопедия</i>. Пловдив: Издателство ИМН. p. 341. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-954-491-553-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-954-491-553-7"><bdi>978-954-491-553-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.place=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.pages=341&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%98%D0%9C%D0%9D&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-954-491-553-7&rft.aulast=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8&rft.aufirst=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-кесякова-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-кесякова_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFКесяковаАлександър_ПижевСтефан_ШивачевНедялка_Петрова1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Кесякова, Елена; Александър Пижев; Стефан Шивачев; Недялка Петрова (1999). <bdi lang="bg">Книга за Пловдив</bdi> (in Bulgarian). Пловдив: Издателство "Полиграф". pp. 17–19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-9529-27-4" title="Special:BookSources/954-9529-27-4"><bdi>954-9529-27-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.place=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.pages=17-19&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%22&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=954-9529-27-4&rft.aulast=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.au=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.au=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.au=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dariknews.bg/view_article.php?article_id=1097386">Darik</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305021410/http://dariknews.bg/view_article.php?article_id=1097386">Archived</a> 5 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Детев П., Известия на музейте в Южна България т. 1 (Bulletin des musees de la Bulgarie du sud), 1975г., с.27, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.bg.cobiss.net/scripts/cobiss?ukaz=DISP&id=0955075541846121&rec=11&sid=2">[1]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0204-4072">0204-4072</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923020722/http://www.bg.cobiss.net/scripts/cobiss?ukaz=DISP&id=0955075541846121&rec=11&sid=2">Archived</a> 23 September 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Детев, П. <i>Разкопки на Небет тепе в Пловдив</i>, ГПАМ, 5, 1963, pp. 27–30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ботушарова, Л. <i>Стратиграфски проучвания на Небет тепе</i>, ГПАМ, 5, 1963, pp. 66–70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFЕлена_КесяковаАлександър_ПижевСтефан_ШивачевНедялка_Петрова1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Елена Кесякова; Александър Пижев; Стефан Шивачев; Недялка Петрова (1999). <i>Книга за Пловдив</i> (in Bulgarian). Пловдив: Издателство "Полиграф". pp. 20–21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-9529-27-4" title="Special:BookSources/954-9529-27-4"><bdi>954-9529-27-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.place=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.pages=20-21&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%22&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=954-9529-27-4&rft.au=%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.au=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.au=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.au=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Oxford Classical Dictionary by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-860641-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-860641-9">0-19-860641-9</a>", page 1515, "The Thracians were subdued by the Persians by 516"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dimitri Romanoff, <i>The orders, medals, and history of the Kingdom of Bulgaria</i>, p. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>История на България</i>, Том 1, Издателство на БАН, София, 1979, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A. B. Bosworth, <i>Conquest and Empire: The Reign of Alexander the Great</i>, page 12, Cambridge University Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Bulgaria</i>. University of Indiana. 1979. p. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgaria&rft.place=University+of+Indiana&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDimitrov2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dimitrov, B. (2002). <i>The Bulgarians – the first Europeans</i> (in Bulgarian). Sofia: University press "St Climent of Ohrid". p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-07-1757-4" title="Special:BookSources/954-07-1757-4"><bdi>954-07-1757-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarians+%E2%80%93+the+first+Europeans&rft.place=Sofia&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=University+press+%22St+Climent+of+Ohrid%22&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=954-07-1757-4&rft.aulast=Dimitrov&rft.aufirst=B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lenk, B. – RE, 6 A, 1936 col. 454 sq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Римски и ранновизантийски градове в България, p. 183</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seecorridors.eu/index.php?w_p=27&w_l=2&w_c=3&w_id=450">"Cultural Corridors of South East Europe/Diagonal Road"</a>. Association for Cultural Tourism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071008071205/http://www.seecorridors.eu/index.php?w_p=27&w_l=2&w_c=3&w_id=450">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cultural+Corridors+of+South+East+Europe%2FDiagonal+Road&rft.pub=Association+for+Cultural+Tourism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seecorridors.eu%2Findex.php%3Fw_p%3D27%26w_l%3D2%26w_c%3D3%26w_id%3D450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Николов, Д. <i>Нови данни за пътя Филипопол-Ескус</i>, София, 1958, p. 285</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDimitrov2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dimitrov, B. (2002). <i>The Bulgarians – the first Europeans</i> (in Bulgarian). Sofia: University press "St Climent of Ohrid". pp. 18–19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-07-1757-4" title="Special:BookSources/954-07-1757-4"><bdi>954-07-1757-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarians+%E2%80%93+the+first+Europeans&rft.place=Sofia&rft.pages=18-19&rft.pub=University+press+%22St+Climent+of+Ohrid%22&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=954-07-1757-4&rft.aulast=Dimitrov&rft.aufirst=B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pldiv-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pldiv_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdivcity.net/bg/plovdiv_history.html">PlovdivCity.net</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080412054326/http://www.plovdivcity.net/bg/plovdiv_history.html">Archived</a> 12 April 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, посетен на 10 ноември 2007 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFЕлена_КесяковаАлександър_ПижевСтефан_ШивачевНедялка_Петрова1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Елена Кесякова; Александър Пижев; Стефан Шивачев; Недялка Петрова (1999). <i>Книга за Пловдив</i> (in Bulgarian). Пловдив: Издателство "Полиграф". pp. 47–48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-9529-27-4" title="Special:BookSources/954-9529-27-4"><bdi>954-9529-27-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.place=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.pages=47-48&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%22&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=954-9529-27-4&rft.au=%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.au=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.au=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.au=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romanplovdiv.org/en/history/6">Roman Plovdiv: History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185326/http://www.romanplovdiv.org/en/history/6">Archived</a> 4 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archaeologyinbulgaria.com/2019/07/18/huge-roman-inscription-of-dionysus-cult-secret-society-after-251-goth-invasion-found-in-early-christian-great-basilica-in-bulgarias-plovdiv/">"HUGE ROMAN INSCRIPTION OF DIONYSUS CULT SECRET SOCIETY AFTER 251 GOTH INVASION FOUND IN EARLY CHRISTIAN GREAT BASILICA IN BULGARIA'S PLOVDI"</a>. 18 July 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106175429/http://archaeologyinbulgaria.com/2019/07/18/huge-roman-inscription-of-dionysus-cult-secret-society-after-251-goth-invasion-found-in-early-christian-great-basilica-in-bulgarias-plovdiv/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HUGE+ROMAN+INSCRIPTION+OF+DIONYSUS+CULT+SECRET+SOCIETY+AFTER+251+GOTH+INVASION+FOUND+IN+EARLY+CHRISTIAN+GREAT+BASILICA+IN+BULGARIA%27S+PLOVDI&rft.date=2019-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchaeologyinbulgaria.com%2F2019%2F07%2F18%2Fhuge-roman-inscription-of-dionysus-cult-secret-society-after-251-goth-invasion-found-in-early-christian-great-basilica-in-bulgarias-plovdiv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bta.bg/en/news/culture/729806-archaeologists-discover-3rd-century-bc-thracian-temple-in-plovdiv">"Archaeologists Discover 3rd Century BC Thracian Temple in Plovdiv"</a>. <i>www.bta.bg</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bta.bg&rft.atitle=Archaeologists+Discover+3rd+Century+BC+Thracian+Temple+in+Plovdiv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bta.bg%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fculture%2F729806-archaeologists-discover-3rd-century-bc-thracian-temple-in-plovdiv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFstaff2024" class="citation web cs1">staff, The Sofia Globe (22 August 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sofiaglobe.com/2024/08/22/archaeology-third-century-bce-thracian-temple-found-fully-preserved-in-bulgarias-plovdiv/">"Archaeology: Third century BCE Thracian temple found fully preserved in Bulgaria's Plovdiv"</a>. <i>The Sofia Globe</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sofia+Globe&rft.atitle=Archaeology%3A+Third+century+BCE+Thracian+temple+found+fully+preserved+in+Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+Plovdiv&rft.date=2024-08-22&rft.aulast=staff&rft.aufirst=The+Sofia+Globe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsofiaglobe.com%2F2024%2F08%2F22%2Farchaeology-third-century-bce-thracian-temple-found-fully-preserved-in-bulgarias-plovdiv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDimitrov2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dimitrov, B. (2002). <i>The Bulgarians – the first Europeans</i> (in Bulgarian). Sofia: University press "St Climent of Ohrid". p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-07-1757-4" title="Special:BookSources/954-07-1757-4"><bdi>954-07-1757-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarians+%E2%80%93+the+first+Europeans&rft.place=Sofia&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=University+press+%22St+Climent+of+Ohrid%22&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=954-07-1757-4&rft.aulast=Dimitrov&rft.aufirst=B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Аndreev, J. <i>The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars</i> (<i>Balgarskite hanove i tsare</i>, <i>Българските ханове и царе</i>), Veliko Tarnovo, 1996, p. 66 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X" title="Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X">954-427-216-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gjuzelev, p. 130 (Gjuzelev, V., (1988) Medieval Bulgaria, Byzantine Empire, Black Sea, Venice, Genoa (Centre Culturel du Monde Byzantin). Published by Verlag Baier).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bulgarian Historical Review, p. 9 (Bulgarian Historical Review (2005), United Center for Research and Training in History, published by Publishing House of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, v.33:no.1–4).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Делев, "Българската държава и общество при управлението на цар Петър", <i>История и цивилизация за 11. клас</i>, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fine, pp. 160–161, 186: John V. A. Fine Jr., The Early Medieval Balkans, Ann Arbor, 1983.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vacalopoulos, Apostolos E. <i>Origins of the Greek Nation</i>. (New Brunswick, New Jersey: <a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University_Press" title="Rutgers University Press">Rutgers University Press</a>, 1970) p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pldv-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pldv_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120804175444/http://www.focus-news.net/?id=n819663">Агенция Фокус – Цар Калоян получава корона, скиптър и знаме от кардинал Лъв</a>, посетен на 17 ноември 2007 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Аndreev, J. <i>The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars</i> (<i>Balgarskite hanove i tsare</i>, <i>Българските ханове и царе</i>), Veliko Tarnovo, 1996, p. 180 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X" title="Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X">954-427-216-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFine1994" class="citation book cs1">Fine, John V. A. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Hh0Bu8C66TsC"><i>The Late Medieval Balkans</i></a>. University of Michigan Press. p. 125. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-472-08260-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-472-08260-5"><bdi>978-0-472-08260-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330024852/https://books.google.com/books?id=Hh0Bu8C66TsC">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Late+Medieval+Balkans&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-472-08260-5&rft.aulast=Fine&rft.aufirst=John+V.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHh0Bu8C66TsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Аndreev, J. <i>The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars</i> (<i>Balgarskite hanove i tsare</i>, <i>Българските ханове и царе</i>), Veliko Tarnovo, 1996, p. 253 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X" title="Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X">954-427-216-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Аndreev, J. <i>The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars</i> (<i>Balgarskite hanove i tsare</i>, <i>Българските ханове и царе</i>), Veliko Tarnovo, 1996, p. 272 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X" title="Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X">954-427-216-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Аndreev, J. <i>The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars</i> (<i>Balgarskite hanove i tsare</i>, <i>Българските ханове и царе</i>), Veliko Tarnovo, 1996, p. 274 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X" title="Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X">954-427-216-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pat-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pat_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pat_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pat_66-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvgeni_Dinchev2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Evgeni Dinchev; et al. (2002). <i>Пътеводител България</i> (in Bulgarian). София: ТАНГРА ТанНакРа ИК. p. 139. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5" title="Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5"><bdi>954-9942-32-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.place=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pages=139&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%93%D0%A0%D0%90+%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%A0%D0%B0+%D0%98%D0%9A&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=954-9942-32-5&rft.au=Evgeni+Dinchev&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-egeweb2.ege.edu.tr-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-egeweb2.ege.edu.tr_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-egeweb2.ege.edu.tr_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170316144332/http://egeweb2.ege.edu.tr/tid/dosyalar/XXII-2_2007/TIDXXII-2_2007-04.pdf">"1695 Tarihli Mufassal Avâriz Defterine Gore Filibe Kazâsinda Nüfus Ve Yerleşme Duzeni"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Ege Üniversite</i> (in Turkish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.egeweb2.ege.edu.tr/tid/dosyalar/XXII-2_2007/TIDXXII-2_2007-04.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 16 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ege+%C3%9Cniversite&rft.atitle=1695+Tarihli+Mufassal+Av%C3%A2riz+Defterine+Gore+Filibe+Kaz%C3%A2sinda+N%C3%BCfus+Ve+Yerle%C5%9Fme+Duzeni&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.egeweb2.ege.edu.tr%2Ftid%2Fdosyalar%2FXXII-2_2007%2FTIDXXII-2_2007-04.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrigor_Boykov2004" class="citation cs2">Grigor Boykov (September 2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thesis.bilkent.edu.tr/0002749.pdf"><i>Demographic features of Ottoman Upper Thrace: A case study on Filibe, Tatar Pazarcık and İstanimaka (1472–1614)</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Department of History, Bilkent University, Ankara, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808235201/http://www.thesis.bilkent.edu.tr/0002749.pdf">archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 8 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Demographic+features+of+Ottoman+Upper+Thrace%3A+A+case+study+on+Filibe%2C+Tatar+Pazarc%C4%B1k+and+%C4%B0stanimaka+%281472%E2%80%931614%29&rft.pub=Department+of+History%2C+Bilkent+University%2C+Ankara&rft.date=2004-09&rft.au=Grigor+Boykov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesis.bilkent.edu.tr%2F0002749.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDetrez2003" class="citation book cs1">Detrez, Raymon (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s1VpAAAAMAAJ&q=stanimaka"><i>Relations between Greeks and Bulgarians: The Gudilas of Plovid</i></a>. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-0998-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-0998-8"><bdi>978-0-7546-0998-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150559/https://books.google.com/books?id=s1VpAAAAMAAJ&q=stanimaka">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2020</span>. <q>deciding whether Plovdiv had a Bulgarian or a Greek majority depends on whether the Gudilas are considered as Bulgarians or Greeks</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Relations+between+Greeks+and+Bulgarians%3A+The+Gudilas+of+Plovid&rft.place=Aldershot%2C+England&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-0998-8&rft.aulast=Detrez&rft.aufirst=Raymon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds1VpAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dstanimaka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-balkanologie-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-balkanologie_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://balkanologie.revues.org/2342">Graecomans</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160219171700/http://balkanologie.revues.org/2342">Archived</a> 19 February 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRothBeachy2007" class="citation book cs1">Roth, Ralf; Beachy, Robert, eds. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UQzGUZasbQkC&q=plovdiv+muslim+majority&pg=PA189"><i>Who ran the cities?: city elites and urban power structures in Europe and North America, 1750–1940</i></a>. Aldershot [u.a.]: Ashgate. pp. 189–190. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-5153-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-5153-6"><bdi>978-0-7546-5153-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150559/https://books.google.com/books?id=UQzGUZasbQkC&q=plovdiv+muslim+majority&pg=PA189">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+ran+the+cities%3F%3A+city+elites+and+urban+power+structures+in+Europe+and+North+America%2C+1750%E2%80%931940&rft.place=Aldershot+%5Bu.a.%5D&rft.pages=189-190&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-5153-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUQzGUZasbQkC%26q%3Dplovdiv%2Bmuslim%2Bmajority%26pg%3DPA189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ocertsi-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ocertsi_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ocertsi_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Очерци из историята на Пловдив (стр. 80 – Космополитен град. Махали и квартали в ново време)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.bg/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=7915&Itemid=367">Ministry of Foreign Affairs, History and Geography</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060220095752/http://www.omg.org/images/homepage/omg_banner3.gif">Archived copy</a> at <a href="/wiki/WebCite" title="WebCite">WebCite</a> (20 April 2006).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Аndreev, J. <i>The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars</i> (<i>Balgarskite hanove i tsare</i>, <i>Българските ханове и царе</i>), Veliko Tarnovo, 1996, p. 322 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X" title="Special:BookSources/954-427-216-X">954-427-216-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Patrick Leigh Fermor, The Broken Road: From the Iron Gates to Mouth Athos (London: John Murray, 2013), pp. 15ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solidarizm.ru/txt/trura.shtml">"КОНЕЦ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО ЛАГЕРЯ.НРБ: ТРУДНЫЙ РАЗЖИМ"</a>. <i>solidarizm.ru</i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=solidarizm.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%9E%D0%9D%D0%95%D0%A6+%D0%95%D0%92%D0%A0%D0%9E%D0%9F%D0%95%D0%99%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%9E%D0%93%D0%9E+%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%93%D0%95%D0%A0%D0%AF.%D0%9D%D0%A0%D0%91%3A+%D0%A2%D0%A0%D0%A3%D0%94%D0%9D%D0%AB%D0%99+%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%97%D0%96%D0%98%D0%9C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsolidarizm.ru%2Ftxt%2Ftrura.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNick_Heath" class="citation book cs1">Nick Heath. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/afterthedeathofstalin/page/n1/mode/2up"><i>After the Death of Stalin: The First Revolt- The Plovdiv Tobacco Workers’ Strike, May 1953</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=After+the+Death+of+Stalin%3A+The+First+Revolt-+The+Plovdiv+Tobacco+Workers%E2%80%99+Strike%2C+May+1953&rft.au=Nick+Heath&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fafterthedeathofstalin%2Fpage%2Fn1%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFavtori_Evgeni_Dinchev_...2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">avtori Evgeni Dinchev ...; et al. (2002). <i>Пътеводител България</i> (in Bulgarian). София: ТАНГРА ТанНакРа ИК. p. 145. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5" title="Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5"><bdi>954-9942-32-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.place=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%93%D0%A0%D0%90+%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%A0%D0%B0+%D0%98%D0%9A&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=954-9942-32-5&rft.au=avtori+Evgeni+Dinchev+...&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120904074310/http://www.milarodino.com/bg/13_centuries/city/plovdiv/">"Седемте чудеса на България – Пловдив"</a>. Milarodino.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milarodino.com/bg/13_centuries/city/plovdiv/">the original</a> on 4 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%82%D0%B5+%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%E2%80%93+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.pub=Milarodino.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milarodino.com%2Fbg%2F13_centuries%2Fcity%2Fplovdiv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://new.plovdiv.bg/files/OPR_END.pdf">Общински план за развитие на Пловдив 2005 – 2013 г.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214084451/http://new.plovdiv.bg/files/OPR_END.pdf">Archived</a> 14 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, посетен на 10 ноември 2007 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DMI-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DMI_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCappelenJensen" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Cappelen, John; Jensen, Jens. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr01-17.pdf">"Bulgarien – Plovdiv"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931–1960)</i> (in Danish). Danish Meteorological Institute. p. 42. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130116071752/http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr01-17.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 16 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Climate+Data+for+Selected+Stations+%281931%E2%80%931960%29&rft.atitle=Bulgarien+%E2%80%93+Plovdiv&rft.pages=42&rft.aulast=Cappelen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Jensen%2C+Jens&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dmi.dk%2Fdmi%2Ftr01-17.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meteomanz.com/sy3?l=1&cou=6250&ind=15626&m1=01&y1=2000&m2=07&y2=2024">"Plovdiv - Weather data by months"</a>. <i>meteomanz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=meteomanz&rft.atitle=Plovdiv+-+Weather+data+by+months&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteomanz.com%2Fsy3%3Fl%3D1%26cou%3D6250%26ind%3D15626%26m1%3D01%26y1%3D2000%26m2%3D07%26y2%3D2024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grao.bg-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-grao.bg_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grao.bg/tna/tab02.txt">"General Directorate of Citizens' Registration and Administrative Services: Population Chart by permanent and tempoprary address (for provinces and municipalities) as of 15 September 2010, (Bulgarian). Retrieved on 17 September 2010"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130329013416/http://www.grao.bg/tna/tab02.txt">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Directorate+of+Citizens%27+Registration+and+Administrative+Services%3A+Population+Chart+by+permanent+and+tempoprary+address+%28for+provinces+and+municipalities%29+as+of+15+September+2010%2C+%28Bulgarian%29.+Retrieved+on+17+September+2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grao.bg%2Ftna%2Ftab02.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grao.bg/tna/tab02.txt">"Grao.bg"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315231858/http://www.grao.bg/tna/tab02.txt">Archived</a> from the original on 15 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grao.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgrao.bg%2Ftna%2Ftab02.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714103411/http://www.nsi.bg/census2011/pagebg2.php?p2=36&sp2=37&SSPP2=39">"Население към 01.02.2011 година в област Пловдив"</a>. Nsi.bg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/census2011/pagebg2.php?p2=36&sp2=37&SSPP2=39">the original</a> on 14 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC+01.02.2011+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B2+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.pub=Nsi.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fcensus2011%2Fpagebg2.php%3Fp2%3D36%26sp2%3D37%26SSPP2%3D39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BAN-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BAN_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142758/http://www.geography.iit.bas.bg/2009/1-09/13-17.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geography.iit.bas.bg/2009/1-09/13-17.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geography.iit.bas.bg%2F2009%2F1-09%2F13-17.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pop-stat.mashke.org/bulgaria-cities.htm">"Cities of Bulgaria"</a>. 3 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cities+of+Bulgaria&rft.date=2024-04-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpop-stat.mashke.org%2Fbulgaria-cities.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171419/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl%3A">"Исторически Музей - Пловдив"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id%3D1%26prm%3Dactions%26subprm%3D+Zfdghkl%3A">the original</a> on 11 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9+-+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorymuseumplovdiv.com%2Findex.php%3Flang_id%253D1%2526prm%253Dactions%2526subprm%253D%2BZfdghkl%253A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011173842/http://dolap.bg/2016/07/20/%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%B7/">"Трима достойни възродители на Стара Загора"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dolap.bg/2016/07/20/%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%B7/">the original</a> on 11 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdolap.bg%2F2016%2F07%2F20%2F%25D1%2582%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0-%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25B2%25D1%258A%25D0%25B7%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0-%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0-%25D0%25B7%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142758/http://www.geography.iit.bas.bg/2009/1-09/13-17.pdf"><bdi lang="bg">УРБАНИЗАЦИЯТА В БЪЛГАРИЯ ОТ ОСВОБОЖДЕНИЕТО ДО КРАЯ НА ВТОРАТА СВЕТОВНА ВОЙНА</bdi></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <bdi lang="bg">ГЕОГРАФИЯ '21</bdi> (in Bulgarian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geography.iit.bas.bg/2009/1-09/13-17.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D0%A0%D0%91%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%98%D0%97%D0%90%D0%A6%D0%98%D0%AF%D0%A2%D0%90+%D0%92+%D0%91%D0%AA%D0%9B%D0%93%D0%90%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%AF+%D0%9E%D0%A2+%D0%9E%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%9E%D0%91%D0%9E%D0%96%D0%94%D0%95%D0%9D%D0%98%D0%95%D0%A2%D0%9E+%D0%94%D0%9E+%D0%9A%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%AF+%D0%9D%D0%90+%D0%92%D0%A2%D0%9E%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%A2%D0%90+%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%95%D0%A2%D0%9E%D0%92%D0%9D%D0%90+%D0%92%D0%9E%D0%99%D0%9D%D0%90&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geography.iit.bas.bg%2F2009%2F1-09%2F13-17.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoykov2004" class="citation thesis cs1">Boykov, Grigor (January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/952671"><i>Demographic Features of Ottoman Upper Thrace: A Case Study On Filibe, Tatar Pazarcik and Stanımaka (1472–1614)</i></a> (MA thesis). The Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180922185748/http://www.academia.edu/952671/Demographic_Features_of_Ottoman_Upper_Thrace_A_Case_Study_on_Filibe_Tatar_Pazarcik_and_Istanimaka_1472-1614">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Demographic+Features+of+Ottoman+Upper+Thrace%3A+A+Case+Study+On+Filibe%2C+Tatar+Pazarcik+and+Stan%C4%B1maka+%281472%E2%80%931614%29&rft.degree=MA&rft.inst=The+Institute+of+Economics+and+Social+Sciences+of+Bilkent+University&rft.date=2004-01&rft.aulast=Boykov&rft.aufirst=Grigor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F952671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art and Society of Bulgaria in the Turkish Period: A Sketch of the Economic, Juridical, and Artistic Preconditions of Bulgarian Post-Byzantine Art and Its Place in the Development of the Art of the Christian Balkans, 1360/70-1700 : a New Interpretation, p. 83</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDemeter" class="citation web cs1">Demeter, Gabor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/25242517">"New series of ethnic maps by Zsolt Bottlik"</a>. <i>Academia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150601/https://www.academia.edu/25242517/New_series_of_ethnic_maps_by_Zsolt_Bottlik">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Academia&rft.atitle=New+series+of+ethnic+maps+by+Zsolt+Bottlik&rft.aulast=Demeter&rft.aufirst=Gabor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F25242517&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl:">ИЗТОЧНА РУМЕЛИЯ МЕЖДУ ЕВРОПА И ОРИЕНТА</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171419/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl:">Archived</a> 11 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, посетен на 17 януари 2008 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-histmuseum-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-histmuseum_95-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-histmuseum_95-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171419/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl:">"Източна Румелия между Европа и Ориента"</a> (in Bulgarian). Регионален исторически музей Пловдив. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl:">the original</a> on 11 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83+%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0&rft.pub=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorymuseumplovdiv.com%2Findex.php%3Flang_id%3D1%26prm%3Dactions%26subprm%3D%2520Zfdghkl%3A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mncp-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mncp_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214084451/http://new.plovdiv.bg/files/OPR_END.pdf">"Municipal development plan of Plovdiv (incl. 2001 census data)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://new.plovdiv.bg/files/OPR_END.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Municipal+development+plan+of+Plovdiv+%28incl.+2001+census+data%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnew.plovdiv.bg%2Ffiles%2FOPR_END.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Bulgarian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_1.pop_by_age.xls">Population on 01.02.2011 by provinces, municipalities, settlements and age; National Statistical Institute</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130908134107/http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_1.pop_by_age.xls">Archived</a> 8 September 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_4.pop_by_ethnos.xls">Population by province, municipality, settlement and ethnic identification, by 01.02.2011; Bulgarian National Statistical Institute</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130521202356/http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_4.pop_by_ethnos.xls">Archived</a> 21 May 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Bulgarian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://facta.junis.ni.ac.rs/facta/pas/pas99/pas99-09.pdf">"The Relations of Ethnic and Confessional Consciousness of Roma in Bulgaria", Elena Marushiakova, Vesselin Popov</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKyurkchiev2006" class="citation journal cs1">Kyurkchiev, Nikolai (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/IJSL.2006.029/pdf">"The Aromânians: an ethnos and language with a 2000-year history"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/International_Journal_of_the_Sociology_of_Language" title="International Journal of the Sociology of Language">International Journal of the Sociology of Language</a></i> (179): 115–129. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2FIJSL.2006.029">10.1515/IJSL.2006.029</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144939846">144939846</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+the+Sociology+of+Language&rft.atitle=The+Arom%C3%A2nians%3A+an+ethnos+and+language+with+a+2000-year+history&rft.issue=179&rft.pages=115-129&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2FIJSL.2006.029&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144939846%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Kyurkchiev&rft.aufirst=Nikolai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fdocument%2Fdoi%2F10.1515%2FIJSL.2006.029%2Fpdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdiv.bg/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=192&Itemid=196">"Кмет"</a>. www.plovdiv.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080517115049/http://www.plovdiv.bg/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=192&Itemid=196">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82&rft.pub=www.plovdiv.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plovdiv.bg%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D192%26Itemid%3D196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://new.plovdiv.bg/?lang_id=1&prm=power&subprm=plovdiv">"Община Пловдив"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706143457/http://new.plovdiv.bg/?lang_id=1&prm=power&subprm=plovdiv">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnew.plovdiv.bg%2F%3Flang_id%3D1%26prm%3Dpower%26subprm%3Dplovdiv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc.php?IDNA=2133624321">Law for the territorial subdivision of the Capital municipality and the large cities</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080530004423/http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc.php?IDNA=2133624321">Archived</a> 30 May 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, посетен на 16 ноември 2007 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.plovdiv24.com/36695.html">Темите на 2007–ма: Ягодово – квартал на Пловдив, Plovdiv24.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080906180635/http://news.plovdiv24.com/36695.html">Archived</a> 6 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 3 February 2008 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalabanov2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Balabanov, G. (2005). <i>This is Bulgaria</i> (in Bulgarian and English). Sofia. p. 371. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-91672-1-6" title="Special:BookSources/954-91672-1-6"><bdi>954-91672-1-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+is+Bulgaria&rft.place=Sofia&rft.pages=371&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=954-91672-1-6&rft.aulast=Balabanov&rft.aufirst=G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated3-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated3_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalabanov2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Balabanov, G. (2005). <i>This is Bulgaria</i> (in Bulgarian and English). Sofia. p. 395. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-91672-1-6" title="Special:BookSources/954-91672-1-6"><bdi>954-91672-1-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+is+Bulgaria&rft.place=Sofia&rft.pages=395&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=954-91672-1-6&rft.aulast=Balabanov&rft.aufirst=G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.purebulgaria.com/bg_version/cities.php?city_id=165">"Античен театър – Пловдив, информация за градове, региони, забележителности::"</a>. PureBulgaria. 9 April 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080704082650/http://www.purebulgaria.com/bg_version/cities.php?city_id=165">Archived</a> from the original on 4 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80+%E2%80%93+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%2C+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%2C+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%2C+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%3A%3A&rft.pub=PureBulgaria&rft.date=2009-04-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.purebulgaria.com%2Fbg_version%2Fcities.php%3Fcity_id%3D165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101017044044/http://ideabg.com/clients/oldtown/en/mesta/antichen.php">"The Ancient theatre"</a>. Ideabg.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ideabg.com/clients/oldtown/en/mesta/antichen.php">the original</a> on 17 October 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Ancient+theatre&rft.pub=Ideabg.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fideabg.com%2Fclients%2Foldtown%2Fen%2Fmesta%2Fantichen.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFavtori_Evgeni_Dinchev_...2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">avtori Evgeni Dinchev ...; et al. (2002). <i>Пътеводител България</i> (in Bulgarian). София: ТАНГРА ТанНакРа ИК. p. 140. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5" title="Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5"><bdi>954-9942-32-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.place=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%93%D0%A0%D0%90+%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%A0%D0%B0+%D0%98%D0%9A&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=954-9942-32-5&rft.au=avtori+Evgeni+Dinchev+...&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdivsite.hit.bg/index_files/Page1308.htm">The Roman odeon</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141025224250/http://www.plovdivsite.hit.bg/index_files/Page1308.htm">Archived</a> 25 October 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ancient-stadium-plovdiv.eu/?p=12&l=2">The Ancient stadium of Philippopolis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160414210531/http://ancient-stadium-plovdiv.eu/?p=12&l=2">Archived</a> 14 April 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ppdv-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ppdv_112-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFavtori_Evgeni_Dinchev_...2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">avtori Evgeni Dinchev ...; et al. (2002). <i>Пътеводител България</i> (in Bulgarian). София: ТАНГРА ТанНакРа ИК. p. 138. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5" title="Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5"><bdi>954-9942-32-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.place=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%93%D0%A0%D0%90+%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%A0%D0%B0+%D0%98%D0%9A&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=954-9942-32-5&rft.au=avtori+Evgeni+Dinchev+...&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20141108121902/http://www.plovdivsite.hit.bg/index_files/Page910.htm">Eirene Archaeological complex</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=main&prm=welcome">Archaeological Museum Plovdiv</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061018015407/http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=main&prm=welcome">Archived</a> 18 October 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=collection&prm=prehist">Archaeological Museum Plovdiv – Prehistoric art</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080418041917/http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=collection&prm=prehist">Archived</a> 18 April 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=collection&prm=roman">Archaeological Museum Plovdiv – Roman art</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081004220700/http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=collection&prm=roman">Archived</a> 4 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=collection&prm=medieval">Archaeological Museum Plovdiv – Middle Ages art</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081004220639/http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=collection&prm=medieval">Archived</a> 4 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mus-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mus_118-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mus_118-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mus_118-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mus_118-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mus_118-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdivsite.hit.bg/index_files/Page1719.htm">Museums of Plovdiv</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141026003333/http://www.plovdivsite.hit.bg/index_files/Page1719.htm">Archived</a> 26 October 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=collection&prm=thracian">Archaeological Museum Plovdiv – Panagyurishte treasure</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081006141314/http://www.archaeologicalmuseumplovdiv.org/_bg/?id=collection&prm=thracian">Archived</a> 6 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110317200133/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/?lang_id=2">"Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum"</a>. Historymuseumplovdiv.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/?lang_id=2">the original</a> on 17 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plovdiv+Regional+Historical+Museum&rft.pub=Historymuseumplovdiv.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorymuseumplovdiv.com%2F%3Flang_id%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191209203451/http://www.infoplovdiv.com/bg/catalog/profile/23/98/104/index.html">"Museum of Aviation"</a>. Infoplovdiv. 16 February 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoplovdiv.com/bg/catalog/profile/23/98/104/index.html">the original</a> on 9 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museum+of+Aviation&rft.pub=Infoplovdiv&rft.date=2008-02-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoplovdiv.com%2Fbg%2Fcatalog%2Fprofile%2F23%2F98%2F104%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090907192519/http://www.heritageabroad.gov/projects/bulgaria2.html">"Synagogue of Plovdiv, Bulgaria"</a>. Heritageabroad.gov. 5 October 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heritageabroad.gov/projects/bulgaria2.html">the original</a> on 7 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Synagogue+of+Plovdiv%2C+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Heritageabroad.gov&rft.date=2009-10-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritageabroad.gov%2Fprojects%2Fbulgaria2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726004921/http://www.dt-plovdiv.org/main.php?lang_id=2">"Drama Theatre Plovdiv"</a>. Dt-plovdiv.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dt-plovdiv.org/main.php?lang_id=2">the original</a> on 26 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Drama+Theatre+Plovdiv&rft.pub=Dt-plovdiv.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dt-plovdiv.org%2Fmain.php%3Flang_id%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://petracho.ofd-plovdiv.org/philharmony.html">"Philharmonic of Plovdiv"</a>. Petracho.ofd-plovdiv.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183245/http://petracho.ofd-plovdiv.org/philharmony.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Philharmonic+of+Plovdiv&rft.pub=Petracho.ofd-plovdiv.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpetracho.ofd-plovdiv.org%2Fphilharmony.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembletrakia.hit.bg/">Trakiya Folklore Ensemble</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141229231745/http://www.ensembletrakia.hit.bg/">Archived</a> 29 December 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pero-publishing.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=121&Itemid=27">"Hristo Danov"</a>. Pero-publishing.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806072357/http://www.pero-publishing.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=121&Itemid=27">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hristo+Danov&rft.pub=Pero-publishing.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pero-publishing.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D121%26Itemid%3D27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713203853/http://www.libplovdiv.com/history.html">"History of the Ivan Vazov National Library"</a>. Libplovdiv.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libplovdiv.com/history.html">the original</a> on 13 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Ivan+Vazov+National+Library&rft.pub=Libplovdiv.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.libplovdiv.com%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With the exception of <i><a href="/wiki/Under_the_Yoke" title="Under the Yoke">Under the Yoke</a></i>, the other significant works of Ivan Vazov (<i>Nemili-nedragi</i>, <i>Eppopee of the Forgotten</i>, <i>Uncles</i>) were written in Plovdiv.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713203928/http://www.libplovdiv.com/structure.html">"Structure of the Ivan Vazov National Library"</a>. Libplovdiv.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libplovdiv.com/structure.html">the original</a> on 13 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Structure+of+the+Ivan+Vazov+National+Library&rft.pub=Libplovdiv.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.libplovdiv.com%2Fstructure.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://art.domino.bg/gallery.php?galID=6">"Art Gallery of Plovdiv"</a> (in Bulgarian). Art.domino.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142802/http://art.domino.bg/gallery.php?galID=6">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Art+Gallery+of+Plovdiv&rft.pub=Art.domino.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fart.domino.bg%2Fgallery.php%3FgalID%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-culturecapital-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-culturecapital_131-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-14-973_en.htm?locale=en">"Plovdiv to be 2019 European Capital of Culture in Bulgaria"</a>. Official website of the European Union. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140906171312/http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-14-973_en.htm?locale=en">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plovdiv+to+be+2019+European+Capital+of+Culture+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Official+website+of+the+European+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Frapid%2Fpress-release_IP-14-973_en.htm%3Flocale%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161107011551/http://bulgariatravel.org/en/topical/129">"Plovdiv will be the European Capital of Culture in 2019"</a>. <i>bulgariatravel.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bulgariatravel.org/en/topical/129">the original</a> on 7 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bulgariatravel.org&rft.atitle=Plovdiv+will+be+the+European+Capital+of+Culture+in+2019&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbulgariatravel.org%2Fen%2Ftopical%2F129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142720/http://bg.bgp.bg/BGP_articles_191/%d0%9f%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b2">"Plovdiv – BGP"</a>. Bg.bgp.bg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bg.bgp.bg/BGP_articles_191/%d0%9f%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b2">the original</a> on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plovdiv+%E2%80%93+BGP&rft.pub=Bg.bgp.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbg.bgp.bg%2FBGP_articles_191%2F%25d0%259f%25d0%25bb%25d0%25be%25d0%25b2%25d0%25b4%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nsi-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nsi_134-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nsi_134-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nsi_134-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140119050340/http://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/11420/%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2">https://web.archive.org/web/20140119050340/http://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/11420/%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2</a> NSI (in Bulgarian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emis.com/php/company-profile/BG/EVN_Bulgaria_Toplofikatsia_EAD__%D0%95%D0%92%D0%9D_%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%95%D0%90%D0%94__en_1403605.html">"EVN BULGARIA TOPLOFIKATSIA EAD (BULGARIA)"</a>. <i>EMIS.COM</i>. EMIS. 30 August 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230603014326/https://www.emis.com/php/company-profile/BG/EVN_Bulgaria_Toplofikatsia_EAD__%D0%95%D0%92%D0%9D_%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%95%D0%90%D0%94__en_1403605.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EMIS.COM&rft.atitle=EVN+BULGARIA+TOPLOFIKATSIA+EAD+%28BULGARIA%29&rft.date=2022-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.emis.com%2Fphp%2Fcompany-profile%2FBG%2FEVN_Bulgaria_Toplofikatsia_EAD__%25D0%2595%25D0%2592%25D0%259D_%25D0%2591%25D1%258A%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%25A2%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%2595%25D0%2590%25D0%2594__en_1403605.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tourism-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tourism_136-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.plovdiv.bg/%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2-%D0%B5-%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80-%D0%B2-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC-%D0%B2-%D0%B1/">http://www.plovdiv.bg/%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2-%D0%B5-%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80-%D0%B2-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC-%D0%B2-%D0%B1/</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170826113136/http://www.plovdiv.bg/%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2-%D0%B5-%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80-%D0%B2-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC-%D0%B2-%D0%B1/">Archived</a> 26 August 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Tourism (in Bulgarian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plovdiv.imotibg.com/plovdiv/%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2-%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8-%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80-enno170932.html">Grand Trade Center to open in Plovdiv</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091011105414/http://plovdiv.imotibg.com/plovdiv/%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2-%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8-%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80-enno170932.html">Archived</a> 11 October 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_138-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_138-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720082819/http://big.bg/modules/news03/article.php?storyid=21452">"Пет големи търговски центъра слагат край на сергиите в центъра на Пловдив"</a>. Big.bg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://big.bg/modules/news03/article.php?storyid=21452">the original</a> on 20 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82+%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5+%D0%B2+%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft.pub=Big.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbig.bg%2Fmodules%2Fnews03%2Farticle.php%3Fstoryid%3D21452&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdiv24.com/news/21968.html">"Construction of Mall of Plovdiv begins"</a>. Plovdiv24.com. 18 December 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080612064436/http://www.plovdiv24.com/news/21968.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Construction+of+Mall+of+Plovdiv+begins&rft.pub=Plovdiv24.com&rft.date=2006-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plovdiv24.com%2Fnews%2F21968.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comfort.bg/bg/public/news_2425_36.html">"A Bulgarian-Israeli company to build a mall in Plovdiv"</a>. Comfort.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142759/http://www.comfort.bg/bg/public/news_2425_36.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Bulgarian-Israeli+company+to+build+a+mall+in+Plovdiv&rft.pub=Comfort.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comfort.bg%2Fbg%2Fpublic%2Fnews_2425_36.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fair.bg/bg/fair/">"Plovdiv International Fair"</a>. Fair.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706143020/http://www.fair.bg/bg/fair/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plovdiv+International+Fair&rft.pub=Fair.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fair.bg%2Fbg%2Ffair%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_142-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_142-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalabanov2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Balabanov, G. (2005). <i>This is Bulgaria</i> (in Bulgarian and English). Sofia. p. 393. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-91672-1-6" title="Special:BookSources/954-91672-1-6"><bdi>954-91672-1-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+is+Bulgaria&rft.place=Sofia&rft.pages=393&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=954-91672-1-6&rft.aulast=Balabanov&rft.aufirst=G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-trans-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-trans_143-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-trans_143-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdivsite.hit.bg/index_files/Page1439.htm">Transport in Plovdiv</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100704160240/http://www.plovdivsite.hit.bg/index_files/Page1439.htm">Archived</a> 4 July 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/File:Paneuropetransport.png" title="File:Paneuropetransport.png">map</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFavtori_Evgeni_Dinchev_...2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">avtori Evgeni Dinchev ...; et al. (2002). <i>Пътеводител България</i> (in Bulgarian). София: ТАНГРА ТанНакРа ИК. pp. 143–144. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5" title="Special:BookSources/954-9942-32-5"><bdi>954-9942-32-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.place=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pages=143-144&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%93%D0%A0%D0%90+%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%A0%D0%B0+%D0%98%D0%9A&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=954-9942-32-5&rft.au=avtori+Evgeni+Dinchev+...&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snimka.bg/album.php?album_id=47688">"A map of the Plovdiv Public transport"</a>. Snimka.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090115112608/http://www.snimka.bg/album.php?album_id=47688">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+map+of+the+Plovdiv+Public+transport&rft.pub=Snimka.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snimka.bg%2Falbum.php%3Falbum_id%3D47688&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Trolleybus Magazine</i> No. 308 (March–April 2013), p. 47. National Trolleybus Association (UK). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0266-7452">0266-7452</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120913051228/http://www.nsi.bg/spagebg.php?SHP=31">"Statistics of the European Cities –  City of Plovdiv</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120708190611/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/refreshTableAction.do?ab=table&plugin=1&pcode=tgs00089&language=en">"Eurostat. Transport in Urban Audit cities, core city"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-edu-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-edu_150-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-edu_150-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-edu_150-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2012">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142802/http://www.pd.e-gov.bg/index.php?f=obstini&p=obstini&obst=plovdiv">"Information for Plovdiv – Education"</a>. Pd.e-gov.bg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pd.e-gov.bg/index.php?f=obstini&p=obstini&obst=plovdiv">the original</a> on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Information+for+Plovdiv+%E2%80%93+Education&rft.pub=Pd.e-gov.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pd.e-gov.bg%2Findex.php%3Ff%3Dobstini%26p%3Dobstini%26obst%3Dplovdiv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://podtepeto.com/aktualno/top-10-na-gimnaziite-v-plovdiv/#google_vignette">"Pod Tepeto-online media"</a>. podtepeto.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pod+Tepeto-online+media&rft.pub=podtepeto.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpodtepeto.com%2Faktualno%2Ftop-10-na-gimnaziite-v-plovdiv%2F%23google_vignette&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uni-plovdiv.bg">"University of Plovdiv "Paisiy Hilendarski"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Uni-plovdiv.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110705111907/http://uni-plovdiv.bg/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Plovdiv+%22Paisiy+Hilendarski%22&rft.pub=Uni-plovdiv.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uni-plovdiv.bg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meduniversity-plovdiv.bg/">"Medical University"</a>. Meduniversity-plovdiv.bg. 29 June 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706143155/http://meduniversity-plovdiv.bg/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medical+University&rft.pub=Meduniversity-plovdiv.bg&rft.date=2011-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeduniversity-plovdiv.bg%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tu-plovdiv.bg">"Technical University of Sofia, Plovdiv branch"</a>. Tu-plovdiv.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200327142400/http://www.tu-plovdiv.bg/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Technical+University+of+Sofia%2C+Plovdiv+branch&rft.pub=Tu-plovdiv.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tu-plovdiv.bg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.au-plovdiv.bg">"University of Agriculture"</a>. Au-plovdiv.bg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142718/http://www.au-plovdiv.bg/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Agriculture&rft.pub=Au-plovdiv.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.au-plovdiv.bg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uft-plovdiv.bg/index_ie.htm">University of Food Technologies</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080410085650/http://www.uft-plovdiv.bg/index_ie.htm">Archived</a> 10 April 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artacademyplovdiv.com/home_en.htm">Academy of Music, Dance and Fine Arts</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061206104954/http://www.artacademyplovdiv.com/home_en.htm">Archived</a> 6 December 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornis-PopeNeubauer2006" class="citation book cs1">Cornis-Pope, Marcel; Neubauer, John (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5pAwqsSyTlsC&q=%22zariphios%22&pg=PA143"><i>History of the literary cultures of East-Central Europe: junctures and disjunctures in the 19th and 20th centuries</i></a>. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-960-98903-5-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-960-98903-5-9"><bdi>978-960-98903-5-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150601/https://books.google.com/books?id=5pAwqsSyTlsC&q=%22zariphios%22&pg=PA143">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+literary+cultures+of+East-Central+Europe%3A+junctures+and+disjunctures+in+the+19th+and+20th+centuries&rft.pages=143&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-960-98903-5-9&rft.aulast=Cornis-Pope&rft.aufirst=Marcel&rft.au=Neubauer%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5pAwqsSyTlsC%26q%3D%2522zariphios%2522%26pg%3DPA143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldstadiums.com/europe/countries/bulgaria.shtml">"World Stadiums"</a>. World Stadiums. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110805140219/http://www.worldstadiums.com/europe/countries/bulgaria.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Stadiums&rft.pub=World+Stadiums&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldstadiums.com%2Feurope%2Fcountries%2Fbulgaria.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061103030221/http://www.plovdivguide.com/newsfiles/news.php?id=2127&lang_id=1">"Aqualand"</a>. Plovdivguide.com. 4 August 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdivguide.com/newsfiles/news.php?id=2127&lang_id=1">the original</a> on 3 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aqualand&rft.pub=Plovdivguide.com&rft.date=2006-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plovdivguide.com%2Fnewsfiles%2Fnews.php%3Fid%3D2127%26lang_id%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lokomotivpd.com/">"Official site of Lokomotiv Plòvdiv"</a>. Lokomotivpd.com. 28 May 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226131542/http://lokomotivpd.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+site+of+Lokomotiv+Pl%C3%B2vdiv&rft.pub=Lokomotivpd.com&rft.date=2011-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lokomotivpd.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spartakpd.info/">"Spartak Plovdiv"</a>. Spartakpd.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719045859/http://www.spartakpd.info/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spartak+Plovdiv&rft.pub=Spartakpd.info&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spartakpd.info%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714063510/http://boxing.mdkbg.com/eng/index.html">"International boxing tournament Strandzha"</a>. Boxing.mdkbg.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boxing.mdkbg.com/eng/index.html">the original</a> on 14 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+boxing+tournament+Strandzha&rft.pub=Boxing.mdkbg.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboxing.mdkbg.com%2Feng%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.plovdiv.bg/en/about-plovdiv/%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5/">"Побратимени градове"</a>. <i>plovdiv.bg</i>. Plovdiv. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190323130759/https://www.plovdiv.bg/en/about-plovdiv/%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=plovdiv.bg&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.plovdiv.bg%2Fen%2Fabout-plovdiv%2F%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlovdiv" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plovdiv&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Plovdiv" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Plovdiv#Q459" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Philippopolis" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Philippopolis">Philippopolis</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plovdiv.bg/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitplovdiv.com/en">Tourism department – Visit Plovdiv</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22px&#124;Flag_of_Bulgaria_City_of_Plovdiv" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#228B22;color:#FFFFFF;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Plovdiv" title="Template:Plovdiv"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Plovdiv" title="Template talk:Plovdiv"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Plovdiv" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Plovdiv"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22px&#124;Flag_of_Bulgaria_City_of_Plovdiv" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Bulgaria"><img alt="Flag of Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">City of Plovdiv</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Area" title="Area">Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/River" title="River">Rivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maritsa" title="Maritsa">Maritsa River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Hill" title="Hill">Hills</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Markovo_Tepe" title="Markovo Tepe">Markovo Tepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebet_Tepe" title="Nebet Tepe">Nebet Tepe</a></li> <li>Bunardzhika</li> <li>Sahat</li> <li>Taksim</li> <li>Dzhambaz</li> <li>Dzhendem</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RomanTheaterPlovdiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/RomanTheaterPlovdiv.jpg/150px-RomanTheaterPlovdiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/RomanTheaterPlovdiv.jpg/225px-RomanTheaterPlovdiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/RomanTheaterPlovdiv.jpg/300px-RomanTheaterPlovdiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Roman_ruins" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_architecture" title="Ancient Roman architecture">Roman ruins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Forum (Plovdiv)">Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odeon_of_Philippopolis" title="Odeon of Philippopolis">Odeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Philippopolis" title="Library of Philippopolis">Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadium_of_Philippopolis" title="Stadium of Philippopolis">Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_theatre_of_Philippopolis" title="Roman theatre of Philippopolis">Roman theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_of_Philippopolis" title="Synagogue of Philippopolis">Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Great Basilica, Plovdiv">Great Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Small Basilica, Plovdiv">Small Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_gate_of_Philippopolis" title="Eastern gate of Philippopolis">East Gate</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Domus_Eirene" title="Domus Eirene">Domus Eirene</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">Places of worship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_St_Louis_(Plovdiv)" title="Cathedral of St Louis (Plovdiv)">Cathedral of St Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Mother_of_God,_Plovdiv" title="Church of the Holy Mother of God, Plovdiv">Church of the Holy Mother of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Constantine_and_Helena" title="Church of St Constantine and Helena">Church of St Constantine and Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Synagogue" title="Plovdiv Synagogue">Plovdiv Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhumaya_Mosque" title="Dzhumaya Mosque">Dzhumaya Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Museum" title="Museum">Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Regional_Historical_Museum" title="Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum">Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Regional_Ethnographic_Museum" title="Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum">Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Vazov_National_Library" title="Ivan Vazov National Library">Ivan Vazov National Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fair_Plovdiv" title="International Fair Plovdiv">International Fair Plovdiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alyosha_Monument,_Plovdiv" title="Alyosha Monument, Plovdiv">Alyosha Monument</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PFC_Botev_Plovdiv" class="mw-redirect" title="PFC Botev Plovdiv">PFC Botev Plovdiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PFC_Lokomotiv_Plovdiv" title="PFC Lokomotiv Plovdiv">PFC Lokomotiv Plovdiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FC_Maritsa_Plovdiv" title="FC Maritsa Plovdiv">FC Maritsa Plovdiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FC_Spartak_Plovdiv" class="mw-redirect" title="FC Spartak Plovdiv">FC Spartak Plovdiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Stadium">Plovdiv Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hristo_Botev_Stadium_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hristo Botev Stadium (Plovdiv)">Hristo Botev Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokomotiv_Stadium_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lokomotiv Stadium (Plovdiv)">Lokomotiv Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todor_Diev_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Todor Diev Stadium">Todor Diev Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_University_%22Paisii_Hilendarski%22" title="Plovdiv University "Paisii Hilendarski"">Plovdiv University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Medical_University" title="Plovdiv Medical University">Plovdiv Medical University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sts._Cyril_and_Methodius_High_School_of_Humanities,_Plovdiv" title="Sts. Cyril and Methodius High School of Humanities, Plovdiv">Sts. Cyril and Methodius High School of Humanities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Language_School" title="Plovdiv Language School">Plovdiv Language School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The Golden Chest</li> <li>A Scene on Crossroad</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Airport" title="Plovdiv Airport">Plovdiv Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Central_railway_station" title="Plovdiv Central railway station">Plovdiv Central railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Plovdiv" title="Trolleybuses in Plovdiv">Plovdiv trolleybus system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_from_Plovdiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of people from Plovdiv (page does not exist)">List of people from Plovdiv</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Plovdiv" title="History of Plovdiv">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Plovdiv" title="Timeline of Plovdiv">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_City_of_Plovdiv" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_Monuments_in_Plovdiv" title="Template:Ancient Monuments in Plovdiv"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_Monuments_in_Plovdiv" title="Template talk:Ancient Monuments in Plovdiv"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_Monuments_in_Plovdiv" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient Monuments in Plovdiv"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_City_of_Plovdiv" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ancient City of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plovdiv</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Roman_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Plovdiv Roman Stadium">Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Forum (Plovdiv)">Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebet_Tepe" title="Nebet Tepe">Nebet Tepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Great Basilica, Plovdiv">Great Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Basilica,_Plovdiv" title="Small Basilica, Plovdiv">Small Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odeon_of_Philippopolis" title="Odeon of Philippopolis">Odeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisar_Kapia" title="Hisar Kapia">Hisar Kapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Synagouge_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Synagouge (Plovdiv)">Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_library_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient library (Plovdiv)">Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eirene_Residence_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eirene Residence (Plovdiv)">Eirene Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_gate_of_Philippopolis_(Plovdiv)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern gate of Philippopolis (Plovdiv)">Eastern gate</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ancient_theatre_plovdiv-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ancient_theatre_plovdiv-3.jpg/140px-Ancient_theatre_plovdiv-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ancient_theatre_plovdiv-3.jpg/210px-Ancient_theatre_plovdiv-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ancient_theatre_plovdiv-3.jpg/280px-Ancient_theatre_plovdiv-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4205" data-file-height="2803" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bulgaria&#124;link=Bulgaria_Cities_and_towns_of_Bulgaria_(2011_census)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_of_Bulgaria" title="Template:Cities of Bulgaria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_of_Bulgaria" title="Template talk:Cities of Bulgaria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_of_Bulgaria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities of Bulgaria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bulgaria&#124;link=Bulgaria_Cities_and_towns_of_Bulgaria_(2011_census)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bulgaria" title="List of cities and towns in Bulgaria">Cities and towns</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> (<i>2011 census</i>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city"><i>capital</i></a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Bulgaria"><img alt="Coat of arms of Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="679" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">300,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plovdiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burgas" title="Burgas">Burgas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pleven" title="Pleven">Pleven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruse,_Bulgaria" title="Ruse, Bulgaria">Ruse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stara_Zagora" title="Stara Zagora">Stara Zagora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">50,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asenovgrad" title="Asenovgrad">Asenovgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blagoevgrad" title="Blagoevgrad">Blagoevgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrich" title="Dobrich">Dobrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabrovo" title="Gabrovo">Gabrovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskovo" title="Haskovo">Haskovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pazardzhik" title="Pazardzhik">Pazardzhik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pernik" title="Pernik">Pernik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shumen" title="Shumen">Shumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sliven" title="Sliven">Sliven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo" title="Veliko Tarnovo">Veliko Tarnovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vratsa" title="Vratsa">Vratsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yambol" title="Yambol">Yambol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aytos" title="Aytos">Aytos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botevgrad" title="Botevgrad">Botevgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrovgrad,_Bulgaria" title="Dimitrovgrad, Bulgaria">Dimitrovgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dupnitsa" title="Dupnitsa">Dupnitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorna_Oryahovitsa" title="Gorna Oryahovitsa">Gorna Oryahovitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kardzhali" title="Kardzhali">Kardzhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlovo" title="Karlovo">Karlovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazanlak" title="Kazanlak">Kazanlak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyustendil" title="Kyustendil">Kyustendil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lom,_Bulgaria" title="Lom, Bulgaria">Lom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovech" title="Lovech">Lovech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana,_Bulgaria" title="Montana, Bulgaria">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Zagora" title="Nova Zagora">Nova Zagora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrich" title="Petrich">Petrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razgrad" title="Razgrad">Razgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samokov" title="Samokov">Samokov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandanski" title="Sandanski">Sandanski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevlievo" title="Sevlievo">Sevlievo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silistra" title="Silistra">Silistra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolyan" title="Smolyan">Smolyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svishtov" title="Svishtov">Svishtov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targovishte" title="Targovishte">Targovishte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troyan" title="Troyan">Troyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velingrad" title="Velingrad">Velingrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidin" title="Vidin">Vidin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balchik" title="Balchik">Balchik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankya" title="Bankya">Bankya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkovitsa" title="Berkovitsa">Berkovitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byala_Slatina" title="Byala Slatina">Byala Slatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherven_Bryag" title="Cherven Bryag">Cherven Bryag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirpan" title="Chirpan">Chirpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elhovo" title="Elhovo">Elhovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etropole" title="Etropole">Etropole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotse_Delchev,_Blagoevgrad_Province" title="Gotse Delchev, Blagoevgrad Province">Gotse Delchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmanli" title="Harmanli">Harmanli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihtiman" title="Ihtiman">Ihtiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnobat" title="Karnobat">Karnobat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavarna" title="Kavarna">Kavarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knezha" title="Knezha">Knezha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostinbrod" title="Kostinbrod">Kostinbrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozloduy" title="Kozloduy">Kozloduy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezdra" title="Mezdra">Mezdra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesebar" title="Nesebar">Nesebar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi_Iskar" title="Novi Iskar">Novi Iskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi_Pazar,_Shumen_Province" title="Novi Pazar, Shumen Province">Novi Pazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagyurishte" title="Panagyurishte">Panagyurishte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvomay" title="Parvomay">Parvomay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlikeni" title="Pavlikeni">Pavlikeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshtera" title="Peshtera">Peshtera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomorie" title="Pomorie">Pomorie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popovo,_Bulgaria" title="Popovo, Bulgaria">Popovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provadia" title="Provadia">Provadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radnevo" title="Radnevo">Radnevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radomir_(town)" title="Radomir (town)">Radomir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakovski_(town)" title="Rakovski (town)">Rakovski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razlog" title="Razlog">Razlog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamboliyski" title="Stamboliyski">Stamboliyski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svilengrad" title="Svilengrad">Svilengrad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksakovo,_Bulgaria" title="Aksakovo, Bulgaria">Aksakovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bansko" title="Bansko">Bansko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belene" title="Belene">Belene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belogradchik" title="Belogradchik">Belogradchik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beloslav" title="Beloslav">Beloslav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobov_Dol" title="Bobov Dol">Bobov Dol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozhurishte" title="Bozhurishte">Bozhurishte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byala,_Ruse_Province" title="Byala, Ruse Province">Byala, Ruse Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chepelare" title="Chepelare">Chepelare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devin,_Bulgaria" title="Devin, Bulgaria">Devin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devnya" title="Devnya">Devnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolni_Chiflik" title="Dolni Chiflik">Dolni Chiflik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dryanovo" title="Dryanovo">Dryanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulovo,_Bulgaria" title="Dulovo, Bulgaria">Dulovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_(town)" title="Elena (town)">Elena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elin_Pelin_(town)" title="Elin Pelin (town)">Elin Pelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galabovo" title="Galabovo">Galabovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Toshevo" title="General Toshevo">General Toshevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisarya,_Bulgaria" title="Hisarya, Bulgaria">Hisarya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isperih" title="Isperih">Isperih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostenets" title="Kostenets">Kostenets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotel,_Bulgaria" title="Kotel, Bulgaria">Kotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krichim" title="Krichim">Krichim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krumovgrad" title="Krumovgrad">Krumovgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubrat_(town)" title="Kubrat (town)">Kubrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuklen" title="Kuklen">Kuklen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levski,_Pleven_Province" title="Levski, Pleven Province">Levski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukovit" title="Lukovit">Lukovit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyaskovets" title="Lyaskovets">Lyaskovets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyubimets" title="Lyubimets">Lyubimets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madan,_Smolyan_Province" title="Madan, Smolyan Province">Madan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momchilgrad" title="Momchilgrad">Momchilgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omurtag_(town)" title="Omurtag (town)">Omurtag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oryahovo" title="Oryahovo">Oryahovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perushtitsa" title="Perushtitsa">Perushtitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirdop" title="Pirdop">Pirdop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakitovo" title="Rakitovo">Rakitovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saedinenie,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Saedinenie, Plovdiv Province">Saedinenie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septemvri" title="Septemvri">Septemvri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeonovgrad" title="Simeonovgrad">Simeonovgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simitli" title="Simitli">Simitli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slivnitsa" title="Slivnitsa">Slivnitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopot,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Sopot, Plovdiv Province">Sopot, Plovdiv Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sredets,_Burgas_Province" title="Sredets, Burgas Province">Sredets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straldzha" title="Straldzha">Straldzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svoge" title="Svoge">Svoge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tervel_(town)" title="Tervel (town)">Tervel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teteven" title="Teteven">Teteven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topolovgrad" title="Topolovgrad">Topolovgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tryavna" title="Tryavna">Tryavna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsarevo" title="Tsarevo">Tsarevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutrakan" title="Tutrakan">Tutrakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tvarditsa,_Sliven_Province" title="Tvarditsa, Sliven Province">Tvarditsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varshets" title="Varshets">Varshets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliki_Preslav" title="Veliki Preslav">Veliki Preslav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakoruda" title="Yakoruda">Yakoruda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zlatitsa" title="Zlatitsa">Zlatitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zlatograd" title="Zlatograd">Zlatograd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aheloy" title="Aheloy">Aheloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apriltsi" title="Apriltsi">Apriltsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardino" title="Ardino">Ardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banya,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Banya, Plovdiv Province">Banya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak,_Bulgaria" title="Batak, Bulgaria">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batanovtsi" title="Batanovtsi">Batanovtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belitsa" title="Belitsa">Belitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belovo,_Bulgaria" title="Belovo, Bulgaria">Belovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borovo,_Ruse_Province" title="Borovo, Ruse Province">Borovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bratsigovo" title="Bratsigovo">Bratsigovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bregovo" title="Bregovo">Bregovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breznik" title="Breznik">Breznik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byala,_Varna_Province" title="Byala, Varna Province">Byala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernomorets" title="Chernomorets">Chernomorets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalgopol" title="Dalgopol">Dalgopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debelets" title="Debelets">Debelets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrinishte" title="Dobrinishte">Dobrinishte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolna_Banya" title="Dolna Banya">Dolna Banya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolna_Mitropoliya" title="Dolna Mitropoliya">Dolna Mitropoliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolna_Oryahovitsa" title="Dolna Oryahovitsa">Dolna Oryahovitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolni_Dabnik" title="Dolni Dabnik">Dolni Dabnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dospat" title="Dospat">Dospat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragoman,_Bulgaria" title="Dragoman, Bulgaria">Dragoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunavtsi" title="Dunavtsi">Dunavtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dve_Mogili" title="Dve Mogili">Dve Mogili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhebel" title="Dzhebel">Dzhebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glodzhevo" title="Glodzhevo">Glodzhevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godech" title="Godech">Godech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulyantsi" title="Gulyantsi">Gulyantsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurkovo" title="Gurkovo">Gurkovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadzhidimovo" title="Hadzhidimovo">Hadzhidimovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatievo" title="Ignatievo">Ignatievo</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iskar_(town)" title="Iskar (town)">Iskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivaylovgrad" title="Ivaylovgrad">Ivaylovgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kableshkovo,_Pomorie_Municipality" title="Kableshkovo, Pomorie Municipality">Kableshkovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalofer" title="Kalofer">Kalofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kameno" title="Kameno">Kameno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaspichan" title="Kaspichan">Kaspichan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilifarevo" title="Kilifarevo">Kilifarevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klisura,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Klisura, Plovdiv Province">Klisura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kocherinovo" title="Kocherinovo">Kocherinovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koprivshtitsa" title="Koprivshtitsa">Koprivshtitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostandovo" title="Kostandovo">Kostandovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koynare" title="Koynare">Koynare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kresna" title="Kresna">Kresna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kran,_Stara_Zagora_Province" title="Kran, Stara Zagora Province">Kran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krivodol,_Bulgaria" title="Krivodol, Bulgaria">Krivodol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kula,_Bulgaria" title="Kula, Bulgaria">Kula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laki,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Laki, Plovdiv Province">Laki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letnitsa" title="Letnitsa">Letnitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loznitsa" title="Loznitsa">Loznitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maglizh" title="Maglizh">Maglizh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malko_Tarnovo" title="Malko Tarnovo">Malko Tarnovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marten,_Bulgaria" title="Marten, Bulgaria">Marten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizia_(town)" title="Mizia (town)">Мizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedelino" title="Nedelino">Nedelino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaevo" title="Nikolaevo">Nikolaevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikopol,_Bulgaria" title="Nikopol, Bulgaria">Nikopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obzor" title="Obzor">Obzor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opaka" title="Opaka">Opaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Banya" title="Pavel Banya">Pavel Banya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polski_Trambesh" title="Polski Trambesh">Polski Trambesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pordim" title="Pordim">Pordim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravets" title="Pravets">Pravets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primorsko" title="Primorsko">Primorsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rila,_Bulgaria" title="Rila, Bulgaria">Rila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman,_Bulgaria" title="Roman, Bulgaria">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudozem" title="Rudozem">Rudozem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadovo" title="Sadovo">Sadovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapareva_Banya" title="Sapareva Banya">Sapareva Banya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarnitsa,_Pazardzhik_Province" title="Sarnitsa, Pazardzhik Province">Sarnitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabla" title="Shabla">Shabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivachevo" title="Shivachevo">Shivachevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavyanovo" title="Slavyanovo">Slavyanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slivo_Pole" title="Slivo Pole">Slivo Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smyadovo" title="Smyadovo">Smyadovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sozopol" title="Sozopol">Sozopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strazhitsa" title="Strazhitsa">Strazhitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strelcha" title="Strelcha">Strelcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sungurlare" title="Sungurlare">Sungurlare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suvorovo" title="Suvorovo">Suvorovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Vlas" title="Sveti Vlas">Sveti Vlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tran,_Bulgaria" title="Tran, Bulgaria">Tran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trastenik" title="Trastenik">Trastenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsar_Kaloyan,_Razgrad_Province" title="Tsar Kaloyan, Razgrad Province">Tsar Kaloyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugarchin" title="Ugarchin">Ugarchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valchedram" title="Valchedram">Valchedram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valchi_Dol" title="Valchi Dol">Valchi Dol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varbitsa_(town)" title="Varbitsa (town)">Varbitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetovo" title="Vetovo">Vetovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetren,_Pazardzhik_Province" title="Vetren, Pazardzhik Province">Vetren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yablanitsa" title="Yablanitsa">Yablanitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zavet_(town)" title="Zavet (town)">Zavet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zlataritsa" title="Zlataritsa">Zlataritsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahtopol" title="Ahtopol">Ahtopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfatar" title="Alfatar">Alfatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonovo" title="Antonovo">Antonovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balgarovo" title="Balgarovo">Balgarovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boboshevo" title="Boboshevo">Boboshevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolyarovo" title="Bolyarovo">Bolyarovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boychinovtsi" title="Boychinovtsi">Boychinovtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brusartsi" title="Brusartsi">Brusartsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byala_Cherkva" title="Byala Cherkva">Byala Cherkva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiprovtsi" title="Chiprovtsi">Chiprovtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimovo" title="Dimovo">Dimovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glavinitsa" title="Glavinitsa">Glavinitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramada,_Bulgaria" title="Gramada, Bulgaria">Gramada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaolinovo" title="Kaolinovo">Kaolinovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kermen" title="Kermen">Kermen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merichleri" title="Merichleri">Merichleri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momin_Prohod" title="Momin Prohod">Momin Prohod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plachkovtsi" title="Plachkovtsi">Plachkovtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senovo,_Bulgaria" title="Senovo, Bulgaria">Senovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipka_(town)" title="Shipka (town)">Shipka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhindol" title="Suhindol">Suhindol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zemen" title="Zemen">Zemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiten,_Burgas_Province" title="Kiten, Burgas Province">Kiten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madzharovo" title="Madzharovo">Madzharovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pliska" title="Pliska">Pliska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">499-</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Melnik,_Bulgaria" title="Melnik, Bulgaria">Melnik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>city status after the census of 01.02.2011:</i> Ignatievo, Kran</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_of_Plovdiv_Province" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Plovdiv_Province" title="Template:Plovdiv Province"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Plovdiv_Province" title="Template talk:Plovdiv Province"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Plovdiv_Province" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Plovdiv Province"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_of_Plovdiv_Province" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Province" title="Plovdiv Province">Plovdiv Province</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asenovgrad_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asenovgrad Municipality (page does not exist)">Asenovgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brezovo_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brezovo Municipality (page does not exist)">Brezovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hisarya_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hisarya Municipality (page does not exist)">Hisarya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaloyanovo_Municipality" title="Kaloyanovo Municipality">Kaloyanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karlovo_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karlovo Municipality (page does not exist)">Karlovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krichim_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krichim Municipality (page does not exist)">Krichim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuklen_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuklen Municipality (page does not exist)">Kuklen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laki_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laki Municipality (page does not exist)">Laki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritsa_Municipality" title="Maritsa Municipality">Maritsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvomay_Municipality" title="Parvomay Municipality">Parvomay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perushtitsa_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perushtitsa Municipality (page does not exist)">Perushtitsa Municipality</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plovdiv</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rakovski_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rakovski Municipality (page does not exist)">Rakovski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodopi_Municipality" title="Rodopi Municipality">Rodopi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadovo_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadovo Municipality (page does not exist)">Sadovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saedinenie_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saedinenie Municipality (page does not exist)">Saedinenie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopot_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Sopot Municipality">Sopot</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stamboliyski_Municipality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stamboliyski Municipality (page does not exist)">Stamboliyski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Districts_of_Plovdiv" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Districts_of_Plovdiv" title="Template:Districts of Plovdiv"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Districts_of_Plovdiv" title="Template talk:Districts of Plovdiv"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Districts_of_Plovdiv" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Districts of Plovdiv"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Districts_of_Plovdiv" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Districts of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plovdiv</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_district,_Plovdiv" title="Central district, Plovdiv">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_district,_Plovdiv" title="Northern district, Plovdiv">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_district,_Plovdiv" title="Southern district, Plovdiv">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_district,_Plovdiv" title="Eastern district, Plovdiv">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_district,_Plovdiv" title="Western district, Plovdiv">Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trakiya_district" title="Trakiya district">Trakiya</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Plovdiv"><img alt="Coat of arms of Plovdiv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg/20px-Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg/30px-Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg/40px-Plovdiv-coat-of-arms.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="724" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bulgaria&#124;link=Bulgaria_Maritsa_Municipality" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maritsa_Municipality" title="Template:Maritsa Municipality"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maritsa_Municipality" title="Template talk:Maritsa Municipality"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maritsa_Municipality" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maritsa Municipality"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bulgaria&#124;link=Bulgaria_Maritsa_Municipality" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maritsa_Municipality" title="Maritsa Municipality">Maritsa Municipality</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Capital: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plovdiv</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benkovski,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Benkovski, Plovdiv Province">Benkovski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dink,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Dink, Plovdiv Province">Dink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graf_Ignatievo" title="Graf Ignatievo">Graf Ignatievo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalekovets" title="Kalekovets">Kalekovets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostievo" title="Kostievo">Kostievo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krislovo" title="Krislovo">Krislovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manole,_Plovdiv_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manole, Plovdiv Province (page does not exist)">Manole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manolsko_Konare" title="Manolsko Konare">Manolsko Konare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radinovo" title="Radinovo">Radinovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogosh" title="Rogosh">Rogosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skutare" title="Skutare">Skutare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stroevo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stroevo (page does not exist)">Stroevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trilistnik" title="Trilistnik">Trilistnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trud,_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Trud, Bulgaria">Trud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsaratsovo" title="Tsaratsovo">Tsaratsovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voivodinovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Voivodinovo">Voivodinovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voisil" title="Voisil">Voisil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasno_Pole" title="Yasno Pole">Yasno Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhelyazno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhelyazno (page does not exist)">Zhelyazno</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pametnik1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Pametnik1.jpg/100px-Pametnik1.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Pametnik1.jpg/150px-Pametnik1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Pametnik1.jpg/200px-Pametnik1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3056" data-file-height="2292" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bulgaria&#124;link=Bulgaria_Rodopi_Municipality" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rodopi_Municipality" title="Template:Rodopi Municipality"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rodopi_Municipality" title="Template talk:Rodopi Municipality"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rodopi_Municipality" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rodopi Municipality"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bulgaria&#124;link=Bulgaria_Rodopi_Municipality" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rodopi_Municipality" title="Rodopi Municipality">Rodopi Municipality</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Capital: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plovdiv</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belashtitsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belashtitsa (page does not exist)">Belashtitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boykovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boykovo (page does not exist)">Boykovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branipole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Branipole (page does not exist)">Branipole</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brestnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brestnik (page does not exist)">Brestnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brestovitsa,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Brestovitsa, Plovdiv Province">Brestovitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churen" class="mw-redirect" title="Churen">Churen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedovo" title="Dedovo">Dedovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrabrino" title="Hrabrino">Hrabrino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izvor,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Izvor, Plovdiv Province">Izvor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadievo" title="Kadievo">Kadievo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krumovo" title="Krumovo">Krumovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilkovo" title="Lilkovo">Lilkovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markovo,_Plovdiv_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Markovo, Plovdiv Province (page does not exist)">Markovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orizari,_Plovdiv_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orizari, Plovdiv Province (page does not exist)">Orizari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvenets,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Parvenets, Plovdiv Province">Parvenets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitovo,_Plovdiv_Province" title="Sitovo, Plovdiv Province">Sitovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skobelevo,_Plovdiv_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skobelevo, Plovdiv Province (page does not exist)">Skobelevo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsalapitsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsalapitsa (page does not exist)">Tsalapitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ustina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ustina (page does not exist)">Ustina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yagodovo,_Plovdiv_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yagodovo, Plovdiv Province (page does not exist)">Yagodovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zlatitrap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zlatitrap (page does not exist)">Zlatitrap</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parvenets-chitalishte.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Parvenets-chitalishte.JPG/120px-Parvenets-chitalishte.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Parvenets-chitalishte.JPG/180px-Parvenets-chitalishte.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Parvenets-chitalishte.JPG/240px-Parvenets-chitalishte.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belashtitsa_Monastery" title="Belashtitsa Monastery">Belashtitsa Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitovo_inscription" title="Sitovo inscription">Sitovo inscription</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Airport" title="Plovdiv Airport">Plovdiv International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vanja_Gesheva-Tsvetkova" title="Vanja Gesheva-Tsvetkova">Vanja Gesheva-Tsvetkova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Capitals_of_Culture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template talk:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Capitals_of_Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capitals of Culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">1985</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1986</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1987</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1988</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/West_Berlin" title="West Berlin">West</a> <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1989</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1990</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1991</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1992</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1993</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1994</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1995</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg City</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1996</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1997</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1998</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1999</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2000</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2001</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2002</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca">Salamanca</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2003</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plovdiv</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2004</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2005</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cork_(city)" title="Cork (city)">Cork</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2006</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Patras" title="Patras">Patras</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2007</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg City</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2008</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stavanger" title="Stavanger">Stavanger</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2009</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2010</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9cs" title="Pécs">Pécs</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2011</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2012</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maribor" title="Maribor">Maribor</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Guimarães">Guimarães</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2013</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2014</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5" title="Umeå">Umeå</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2015</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mons,_Belgium" title="Mons, Belgium">Mons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2016</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2017</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paphos" title="Paphos">Paphos</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2018</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leeuwarden" title="Leeuwarden">Leeuwarden</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2019</span></dt> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plovdiv</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Matera" title="Matera">Matera</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2020-April 2021</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Galway" title="Galway">Galway</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2022</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Esch-sur-Alzette" title="Esch-sur-Alzette">Esch-sur-Alzette</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2023</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Timi%C8%99oara" title="Timișoara">Timișoara</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Elefsina</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2024</span></dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Bad_Ischl" title="Bad Ischl">Bad Ischl</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Bod%C3%B8_(town)" title="Bodø (town)">Bodø</a></b></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2025</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nova_Gorica" title="Nova Gorica">Nova Gorica</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chemnitz" title="Chemnitz">Chemnitz</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2026</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Trenčín">Trenčín</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2027</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liep%C4%81ja" title="Liepāja">Liepāja</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4076178-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80106969">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11974602m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11974602m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Plovdiv (Bulharsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130437&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007557233805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/4014ae20-e3df-48a0-bbfd-882da585c39d">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/108844412">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045606">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/filibe">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Plovdiv&params=42_9_N_24_45_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°9′N</span> <span class="longitude">24°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.150°N 24.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.150; 24.750</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img 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