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= {"work":{"id":8215838,"created_at":"2014-09-05T23:14:50.401-07:00","from_world_paper_id":126364513,"updated_at":"2025-01-09T15:56:07.688-08:00","_data":{"ai_abstract":"The ERAWATCH Country Report 2008 evaluates the Portuguese research system, highlighting challenges in resource mobilization, strategic vision, and coordination among public and private sectors. Despite improvements in scientific output and international collaboration, issues such as weak university-industry partnerships, underperformance in applied research, and the need for effective public procurement policies are discussed. 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const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=8215838"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">AI-generated Abstract</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The ERAWATCH Country Report 2008 evaluates the Portuguese research system, highlighting challenges in resource mobilization, strategic vision, and coordination among public and private sectors. Despite improvements in scientific output and international collaboration, issues such as weak university-industry partnerships, underperformance in applied research, and the need for effective public procurement policies are discussed. Future infrastructure policies and mandatory R&D financing from government contracts offer potential pathways to enhance research capacity.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":34642857,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/8215838/ERAWATCH_Country_Report_2008_An_assessment_of_research_system_and_policies"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":34642857,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/8215838/ERAWATCH_Country_Report_2008_An_assessment_of_research_system_and_policies"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Commission","attachmentId":43215085,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/15420807/TAKING_EUROPEANKNOWLEDGE_SOCIETYSERIOUSLYReport_of_the_Expert_Group_on_Science_and_Governance_to_theScience_Economy_and_Society_Directorate_Directorate_General_for_Research_European_Commission","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/15420807/TAKING_EUROPEANKNOWLEDGE_SOCIETYSERIOUSLYReport_of_the_Expert_Group_on_Science_and_Governance_to_theScience_Economy_and_Society_Directorate_Directorate_General_for_Research_European_Commission"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="101644411" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101644411/Structural_and_Legal_Analysis_of_Scientific_Activity_Regulation_in_Developed_Countries">Structural and Legal Analysis of Scientific Activity Regulation in Developed Countries</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="257022042" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YevhenLeheza">Yevhen Leheza</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Experience of developed countries makes the case that it is possible to achieve a high level of competitiveness in the globalized market solely by using achievements of scientific-and-technological advance. National policy and effectiveness of means of scientific sector support used in the country are essential to it. The purpose of the article is an effort to perform the structural analysis of support, regulation, and financing of scientific activity in world's major economies, having determined central institutes of financial means command for the investment into innovative and scientific activity in the countries. To perform a functional analysis of the funded status of Ukrainian scientific and technological and educational activity from the standpoint of its public regulation. Based on the studied funding model of scientific activity in developed countries, to propose the model of optimization of scientific activity financing that will become the innovative activator of support and development of Ukrainian science. Analysing public policy of developed countries related to the support of scientific, educational, and innovative activity according to the degree of state regulation, it is possible to identify two poles. The first pole can be notionally named as English-American model where the state does very little to interfere with the activity of scientific and innovative sector. It is characterized by the fullest autonomy of entrepreneurship in the innovative and scientific and educational sphere. With the use of such model, it is assumed that market mechanisms facilitate acceleration of scientific and innovative processes of country development by them. The second pole, a Franco-Japanese model of public regulation, is characterized by the substantial impact of the state on scientific and educational processes, in particular, by non-market financing methods. With the use of this model, the governments determine priority guidelines of innovative and technological development supported by the government substantially; such countries to some extent include: France, Sweden, and Japan. Most of the developed European countries (Germany, Poland, Italy) and Canada are found in between specified poles of scientific and innovative policy while developing a national business environment and using direct state support of innovative activity. The increase in expenses of the private sector for research and development activities appears in all countries. Public authorities support scientific studies, innovative activity and development of small and medium-sized businesses in a scientific and technological sphere; they cooperate actively during the development and implementation of national programs. Moreover, other concerned parties-industrial companies, representatives of the academic community, non-governmental non-profit organizations-are involved more actively in the decision-making process. Max Planck Society in Germany can become the experimental model of regulation and financing of scientific, educational, and innovative activity of institutions. Implementation of a new economic model in Ukraine is possible upon the condition of creation and adjustment of the functioning of two closed and</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Structural and Legal Analysis of Scientific Activity Regulation in Developed Countries","attachmentId":102128531,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101644411/Structural_and_Legal_Analysis_of_Scientific_Activity_Regulation_in_Developed_Countries","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101644411/Structural_and_Legal_Analysis_of_Scientific_Activity_Regulation_in_Developed_Countries"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="49360271" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49360271/_Revising_the_institutionalization_of_science_policies_Historical_contexts_and_competing_models_ROLLO_Maria_Fernanda_BRAND%C3%83O_Tiago_QUEIROZ_Maria_In%C3%AAs_in_Portuguese_Journal_of_Social_Science_vol_17_No_1">«Revising the institutionalization of science policies: Historical contexts and competing models» ROLLO, Maria Fernanda, BRANDÃO, Tiago, QUEIROZ, Maria Inês, in Portuguese Journal of Social Science, vol.17, No.1</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5306136" href="https://ipri.academia.edu/MariaFernandaRollo">Maria Fernanda Rollo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">It is relatively frequent within the social sciences, particularly the history of science, to recognize, with more or less focus, the role of institutionalization and professionalization processes in the development of science and technology. Differences between various scientific institutions are not yet sufficiently understood, including their profiles and the different historical contexts in which they have been created, reformed and/or recreated, which makes up different models and historical implications as regards the assumptions of national science policies. By studying comparative work in the history of the Portuguese science policy process the main purpose of this article is to understand, compare and differentiate the relevant national experiences related to different national science policies agencies, mainly across Europa and North America, during the twentieth century, but with particular focus on the inter-war period and afterwards.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"«Revising the institutionalization of science policies: Historical contexts and competing models» ROLLO, Maria Fernanda, BRANDÃO, Tiago, QUEIROZ, Maria Inês, in Portuguese Journal of Social Science, vol.17, No.1","attachmentId":67736501,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49360271/_Revising_the_institutionalization_of_science_policies_Historical_contexts_and_competing_models_ROLLO_Maria_Fernanda_BRAND%C3%83O_Tiago_QUEIROZ_Maria_In%C3%AAs_in_Portuguese_Journal_of_Social_Science_vol_17_No_1","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49360271/_Revising_the_institutionalization_of_science_policies_Historical_contexts_and_competing_models_ROLLO_Maria_Fernanda_BRAND%C3%83O_Tiago_QUEIROZ_Maria_In%C3%AAs_in_Portuguese_Journal_of_Social_Science_vol_17_No_1"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="18864366" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18864366/Past_performance_does_not_guarantee_future_results_lessons_from_the_evaluation_of_research_units_in_Portugal">Past performance does not guarantee future results: lessons from the evaluation of research units in Portugal</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1203537" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RamosA">Ana Ramos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Research units in Portugal undergo a formal evaluation process based on peer review which is the basis for distributing funding from the national research council. This article analyses the evaluation results and asks how good they are at predicting future research performance. Better research evaluations mean the institution receives more funding, so the key question is to what extent research evaluations are able to predict future performance as measured by bibliometric indicators. We use data from the peer evaluation of units in 2007-08, and analyze how well it is able to predict the results of a bibliometric study of the units’ Web of Science publications in the period 2007-10. We found that, in general, units that had better peer ratings, and thus more funding, as well as an increased capacity to attract extra funding, were not necessarily those that ended up producing more excellent research. The results provide an empirical contribution to the discussion regarding whether science can be measured and how, and reinforce the importance of evaluations where the use of quantitative data is defined and the differences between areas are accounted for. This analysis provides a snapshot of Portugal´s recent scientific performance. Chemistry and physics are among the subfields with higher output and impact, which agrees with a traditional preferential funding of these areas. Institutions also excel in areas that may be assuming an increased relevance (Plant Sciences, Food Science and Technology, Neurosciences and other health-related subfields), which should be taken into account when implementing future science policies. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Research Evaluation following peer review.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Past performance does not guarantee future results: lessons from the evaluation of research units in Portugal","attachmentId":40297557,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18864366/Past_performance_does_not_guarantee_future_results_lessons_from_the_evaluation_of_research_units_in_Portugal","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18864366/Past_performance_does_not_guarantee_future_results_lessons_from_the_evaluation_of_research_units_in_Portugal"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="121493913" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/121493913/Institutionalization_of_Research_Administration_in_Brazil_Some_Evidences">Institutionalization of Research Administration in Brazil: Some Evidences</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28935106" href="https://unicamp.academia.edu/MariaBonacelli">Maria Bonacelli</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of technology management &amp; innovation, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The arrangement of different research institutions and partners, including public funding agencies, is mandatory to address the current science, technology and innovation challenges. The access and maintenance of research collaboration networks require high level of competence and efficiency by the organizations. The multidisciplinary and multi-institutional research projects require management and administrative activities to achieve project goals in the expected time and cost, and the Research Administration (RA) professionals can be an important facilitator in the implementation of a governance strategy. The two case studies presented in this article illustrates the creation of RA institutional elements in Brazil that is evidence of the willingness to face the bureaucracy and practical consequences of the disconnection of science, technology and innovation policy actors. The searching for more efficiency and impacting results is directly related to the bureaucracy and transaction costs minimization and the maturity of the STI institutional and governance structure.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Institutionalization of Research Administration in Brazil: Some Evidences","attachmentId":116353354,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/121493913/Institutionalization_of_Research_Administration_in_Brazil_Some_Evidences","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/121493913/Institutionalization_of_Research_Administration_in_Brazil_Some_Evidences"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":34642857,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":34642857,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_34642857" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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International Studies of Management and Organization, vol. 37, n.1, 2007, p. 27-52,.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="328704" href="https://csic.academia.edu/LuisSanzMenendez">Luis Sanz-Menendez</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Laura Cruz Castro; Luis Sanz Menéndez (2007) “New legitimation models and the transformation of the research field”. 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