CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"3ff9e99e-40b1-4f1a-856c-43c6348ccf62","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims","wgTitle":"Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims","wgCurRevisionId":1272863772,"wgRevisionId":1272863772,"wgArticleId":74687304,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Featured articles","EngvarB from January 2024","Use dmy dates from January 2024","Commons category link from Wikidata","1990s fashion","Alexander McQueen collections","March 1992 in the United Kingdom","Jack the Ripper","Theses"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims" ,"wgRelevantArticleId":74687304,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q122397280","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics": true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.18"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1067"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg/640px-Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="853"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims rootpage-Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages">Special pages</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Jack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Jack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Jack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Jack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Background </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_Saint_Martins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Saint_Martins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Central Saint Martins </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Saint_Martins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concept_and_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concept_and_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Concept and collection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concept_and_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Runway_show_and_discovery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Runway_show_and_discovery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Runway show and discovery </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Runway_show_and_discovery-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Runway show and discovery subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Runway_show_and_discovery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Runway_show" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Runway_show"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Runway show </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Runway_show-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discovery_by_Isabella_Blow" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovery_by_Isabella_Blow"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Discovery by Isabella Blow </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discovery_by_Isabella_Blow-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception_and_analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception_and_analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Reception and analysis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception_and_analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Legacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 1 language" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1" aria-hidden="true" > 1 language </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims" title="Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q122397280#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&oldid=1272863772" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&id=1272863772&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q122397280" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-featured-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles*" title="This is a featured article. Click here for more information."><img alt="Featured article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1992 Alexander McQueen fashion collection</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_made_of_silk,_Alexander_McQueen,_Savage_Beauty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Rear view of long coat with tails, pink with a print of thorns in black" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg/220px-Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg/330px-Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg/440px-Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Pink <a href="/wiki/Frock_coat" title="Frock coat">frock coat</a> with thorn print from Jack the Ripper at <a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty" title="Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty">Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty</a> (<a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a>, 2011)</figcaption></figure> Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims is the first collection by British designer <a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen" title="Alexander McQueen">Alexander McQueen</a>, produced as the thesis collection for his <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Master's degree in the United Kingdom">master's degree</a> in fashion at <a href="/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins" title="Central Saint Martins">Central Saint Martins</a> (CSM) art school. The collection's narrative was inspired by the victims of 19th-century London serial killer <a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper" title="Jack the Ripper">Jack the Ripper</a>, with aesthetic inspiration from the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_fashion" title="Victorian fashion">fashion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victorian_erotica" title="Victorian erotica">erotica</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Kingdom#19th_century" title="Prostitution in the United Kingdom">prostitution practices</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a>. The collection was presented on the runway at <a href="/wiki/London_Fashion_Week" title="London Fashion Week">London Fashion Week</a> on 16 March 1992, as the second-to-last of the CSM graduate collections. Editor <a href="/wiki/Isabella_Blow" title="Isabella Blow">Isabella Blow</a> was fascinated by the <a href="/wiki/Runway_show" class="mw-redirect" title="Runway show">runway show</a> and insisted on purchasing the entire collection, later becoming McQueen's friend and <a href="/wiki/Muse_(source_of_inspiration)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muse (source of inspiration)">muse</a>. Jack the Ripper remains an object of critical analysis for its violent concept and styling. McQueen held on to the narrative and aesthetic tendencies he established in Jack the Ripper throughout his career, earning a reputation for producing narratively-driven collections inspired by <a href="/wiki/Macabre" title="Macabre">macabre</a> aspects of history, art, and his own life. Items from Jack the Ripper, including a pink <a href="/wiki/Frock_coat" title="Frock coat">frock coat</a> with a thorn print, have appeared in the retrospectives <a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty" title="Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty">Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty</a> (2011 and 2015) and Isabella Blow: Fashion Galore! (2013). <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> British designer <a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen" title="Alexander McQueen">Alexander McQueen</a> (born Lee Alexander McQueen; 1969–2010) was known in the fashion industry for his imaginative, sometimes controversial, designs and dramatic <a href="/wiki/Fashion_show" title="Fashion show">fashion shows</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:17-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-:18-2">[2]</a> McQueen had a lifelong fascination with history, sexuality, violence, and death, which he translated into his designs from the beginning of his nearly twenty-year career to the very end.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv,_27-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESavané202198-5">[5]</a> McQueen's work was highly <a href="/wiki/Autobiography" title="Autobiography">autobiographical</a>: he incorporated elements of his memories, feelings, and family history into his designs and runway shows.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201585,_153,_329-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201652-7">[7]</a> In his early career, McQueen was often accused of misogyny for his extreme designs, a characterisation to which he consistently objected.<a href="#cite_note-TG-05-2022-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason201232-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElenowitz-Hess2022400-10">[10]</a> The son of a London <a href="/wiki/Taxicab_driver" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab driver">taxicab driver</a> and a teacher, McQueen grew up in one of the poorer neighbourhoods in London's <a href="/wiki/East_End_of_London" title="East End of London">East End</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201564-11">[11]</a> His upbringing was traumatic: he was a victim of <a href="/wiki/Childhood_sexual_abuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Childhood sexual abuse">childhood sexual abuse</a> and witnessed his sisters experiencing <a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence" title="Domestic violence">domestic violence</a> from their partners.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201531–33-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201567–68,_81-13">[13]</a> He began his career in fashion in 1984 as an apprentice with <a href="/wiki/Savile_Row" title="Savile Row">Savile Row</a> tailors <a href="/wiki/Anderson_%26_Sheppard" title="Anderson & Sheppard">Anderson & Sheppard</a> before briefly joining <a href="/wiki/Gieves_%26_Hawkes" title="Gieves & Hawkes">Gieves & Hawkes</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Pattern_cutting" class="mw-redirect" title="Pattern cutting">pattern cutter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-doig-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> His work on Savile Row earned him a reputation as an expert tailor.<a href="#cite_note-BBCSixWays-16">[16]</a> McQueen left Savile Row in 1988, and spent the next two years in various entry-level positions in fashion. He worked briefly for the theatrical costumiers <a href="/wiki/Angels_and_Bermans" class="mw-redirect" title="Angels and Bermans">Angels and Bermans</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianBoy-17">[17]</a> In 1989, at the age of 20, he was hired by experimental <a href="/wiki/Mayfair" title="Mayfair">Mayfair</a>-based designer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koji_Tatsuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koji Tatsuno (page does not exist)">Koji Tatsuno</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201572-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianMcQueen2-19">[19]</a> He then worked under designer <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McKitterick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John McKitterick (page does not exist)">John McKitterick</a>, gaining experience with <a href="/wiki/Fetishwear" class="mw-redirect" title="Fetishwear">fetishwear</a>; first at <a href="/wiki/Red_or_Dead" title="Red or Dead">Red or Dead</a>, then at McKitterick's own label.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201572-18">[18]</a> McQueen sought further experience in the industry, and McKitterick recommended he try for an apprenticeship in Italy, then the centre of the fashion world.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201573-20">[20]</a> From March to July 1990, McQueen worked in <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Atelier" title="Atelier">atelier</a> of designer <a href="/wiki/Romeo_Gigli" title="Romeo Gigli">Romeo Gigli</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201574–75-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201559–61-22">[22]</a> After resigning, he returned to McKitterick's label in London by August.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201578–79-23">[23]</a> When McQueen expressed interest in learning more about the fashion industry, McKitterick suggested he see <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Hillson" title="Bobby Hillson">Bobby Hillson</a>, the founder and head of the <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Master's degree in the United Kingdom">masters</a> course in fashion at London art school <a href="/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins" title="Central Saint Martins">Central Saint Martins</a> (CSM).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201579-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-vogue-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Central_Saint_Martins">Central Saint Martins</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Central Saint Martins">edit</a>]</div> McQueen turned up at CSM with a pile of sample clothing and no appointment, seeking a job teaching pattern cutting.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianBoy-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201568-26">[26]</a> Hillson considered him too young for this, but based on the strength of his portfolio – and despite his lack of formal qualifications – accepted McQueen into the eighteen-month <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Master's degree in the United Kingdom">masters</a>-level fashion design course.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201569-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-vogue-25">[25]</a> Unable to afford the tuition, he borrowed £4000 from his aunt Renee to cover it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201570,_177-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201236-29">[29]</a> McQueen met a number of his future collaborators at CSM, including Simon Ungless, a friend and later roommate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014103-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel201569-31">[31]</a> CSM students at the master's level were expected to produce a graduation collection of at least six outfits as their <a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">thesis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason20128-32">[32]</a> McQueen told Hillson that he intended to present clothing that was distressed and stained, so the models would look like survivors of a violent attack.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv–xvi-33">[33]</a> Although Hillson was dubious about the idea, she agreed to mentor him. Among other things, this meant quietly providing him with quality fabric from the CSM stores. He could not afford to buy his own, and lower-quality fabric would not have withstood the level of distressing McQueen was applying.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv–xvi-33">[33]</a> Students were required to provide a marketing report with their collections, outlining the rationale and <a href="/wiki/Business_case" title="Business case">business case</a> for their designs.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201427-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-35">[35]</a> McQueen instead presented a narrative which described how his mother's study of <a href="/wiki/Genealogy" title="Genealogy">genealogy</a> led him to discover that a distant relative of his had owned an inn and rented a room to one of Jack the Ripper's victims, although his professors doubted the story.<a href="#cite_note-37">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201427-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason20129-39">[38]</a> CSM professor <a href="/wiki/Louise_Wilson" title="Louise Wilson">Louise Wilson</a>, with whom McQueen had a contentious relationship, told author <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Wilson_(author)" title="Andrew Wilson (author)">Andrew Wilson</a> that the cover of the report was decorated with McQueen's <a href="/wiki/Pubic_hair" title="Pubic hair">pubic hair</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201580,_84-40">[39]</a> The report was, at some point, stolen from Wilson's office; she suspected that McQueen himself was responsible.<a href="#cite_note-:1-35">[35]</a> McQueen was not being shocking just to indulge himself. CSM's graduation shows were covered by the London press, and he wanted to exploit controversy to create publicity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv,_28-41">[40]</a> This was a common tactic for London's young designers at the time. The country's fashion industry lacked infrastructure to support newcomers, forcing them to rely on extreme showmanship to draw media attention in the hopes of attracting financial backers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans200370–71-42">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concept_and_collection">Concept and collection</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Concept and collection">edit</a>]</div> The collection's narrative was inspired by the victims of 19th-century London serial killer <a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper" title="Jack the Ripper">Jack the Ripper</a>, for whom it was titled.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv-43">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-44">[43]</a> The show notes described Jack the Ripper as a "Day into eveningwear collection inspired by 19th century street walkers".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201559-45">[44]</a> McQueen took aesthetic inspiration for the garments from the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_fashion" title="Victorian fashion">fashion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victorian_erotica" title="Victorian erotica">erotica</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Kingdom#19th_century" title="Prostitution in the United Kingdom">prostitution practices</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201584-47">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201586-48">[47]</a> His tight tailoring and sculptural elements echoed the Victorian style of shaping the body with <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corsets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bustle" title="Bustle">bustles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201585-49">[48]</a> McQueen and Ungless had a mutual interest in the famous 18th-century <a href="/wiki/Sadomasochism" title="Sadomasochism">sadomasochistic</a> novel <a href="/wiki/The_120_Days_of_Sodom" title="The 120 Days of Sodom">The 120 Days of Sodom</a> and the 1975 film adaptation <a href="/wiki/Sal%C3%B2,_or_the_120_Days_of_Sodom" title="Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom">Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom</a>, which played into the collection's brutal aesthetic.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201585-49">[48]</a> McQueen also drew on the 1985 novel <a href="/wiki/Perfume_(novel)" title="Perfume (novel)">Perfume</a>, in which a genius <a href="/wiki/Perfumer" title="Perfumer">perfumer</a> becomes a serial murderer of young women.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202170-50">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201581-36">[36]</a> McQueen also found inspiration in the work of other designers. McKitterick recalled him being "obsessed" with fellow British designer <a href="/wiki/John_Galliano" title="John Galliano">John Galliano</a>, whose work was known for being creative and theatrical.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201238-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015224-52">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-:02-53">[52]</a> Ungless disputes this to an extent, stating that McQueen disliked Galliano's designs, but wanted to outdo his achievements.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201584-54">[53]</a> To a lesser extent, McQueen looked to <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Lang_(artist)" title="Helmut Lang (artist)">Helmut Lang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Martin_Margiela" title="Martin Margiela">Martin Margiela</a>, who were then experimenting with a <a href="/wiki/Minimalism_(visual_arts)" title="Minimalism (visual arts)">minimalist</a> style that was <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> when compared to the maximalist <a href="/wiki/1980s_in_fashion" title="1980s in fashion">styles of the 1980s</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201426-55">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201583–84-56">[55]</a> He was also interested in the decadence and sexuality of <a href="/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)" title="Yves Saint Laurent (designer)">Yves Saint Laurent</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201584-54">[53]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mourning_brooch_containing_the_hair_of_a_deceased_relative._Wellcome_L0036419.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mourning_brooch_containing_the_hair_of_a_deceased_relative._Wellcome_L0036419.jpg/220px-Mourning_brooch_containing_the_hair_of_a_deceased_relative._Wellcome_L0036419.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mourning_brooch_containing_the_hair_of_a_deceased_relative._Wellcome_L0036419.jpg/330px-Mourning_brooch_containing_the_hair_of_a_deceased_relative._Wellcome_L0036419.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mourning_brooch_containing_the_hair_of_a_deceased_relative._Wellcome_L0036419.jpg/440px-Mourning_brooch_containing_the_hair_of_a_deceased_relative._Wellcome_L0036419.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1960" /></a><figcaption>Victorian mourning brooch containing the hair of a deceased relative</figcaption></figure> McQueen translated what he had learned from his various jobs directly into the collection: tailoring from Savile Row, complexity from Tatsuno, fetishwear from Red or Dead, and a decadent aesthetic from Gigli.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201585-49">[48]</a> He combined <a href="/wiki/Historicism_(art)" title="Historicism (art)">historicist</a> references to older styles such as <a href="/wiki/Frock_coat" title="Frock coat">frock coats</a> with modern elements like asymmetrical pleating or twisted fabric, and played rich colours against transparent fabrics.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201585-49">[48]</a> The collection's palette was primarily black and deep red, with mauve and red fabric used for <a href="/wiki/Lining_(sewing)" title="Lining (sewing)">lining</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201559-45">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a> Mauve is a Victorian mourning colour, while using red for lining may have been an echo of the appearance of human flesh within the body.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201585-49">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159-58">[57]</a> Blood splatter was represented by red beads, yarn, and paint.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201559-45">[44]</a> The garments were <a href="/wiki/Distressing" title="Distressing">distressed</a> with burn marks and other damage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201240–41-59">[58]</a> Some skirts were decorated with <a href="/wiki/Bricolage" title="Bricolage">bricolage</a> of photos from magazines, including a portrait of actor <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Depp" title="Johnny Depp">Johnny Depp</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a> Feathers, gathered from Ungless's country home, were used as trim.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201238-51">[50]</a> Several garments, including a pink frock coat, were lined with fabric which had <a href="/wiki/Human_hair" class="mw-redirect" title="Human hair">human hair</a> encapsulated within.<a href="#cite_note-:1-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159-58">[57]</a> For the <a href="/wiki/Label#Textiles" title="Label">clothing tag</a> on the items, he encased <a href="/wiki/Lock_of_hair" title="Lock of hair">locks of hair</a> (claimed to be his own) inside of clear plastic squares.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159-58">[57]</a> The use of human hair referenced several historical practices: keeping a lock of hair as a memento or trophy, the Victorian-era practice of prostitutes selling their hair, and the Victorian use of <a href="/wiki/Hair_jewellery" class="mw-redirect" title="Hair jewellery">hair jewellery</a> for mourning.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015107-61">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239–40-62">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003223-63">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Runway_show_and_discovery">Runway show and discovery</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Runway show and discovery">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Runway_show">Runway show</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Runway show">edit</a>]</div> At the time, CSM presented its graduation collections in a single show at <a href="/wiki/London_Fashion_Week" title="London Fashion Week">London Fashion Week</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Morris-NYT-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-Davis-Observer-65">[64]</a> That year, it was held at the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_York%27s_Headquarters" title="Duke of York's Headquarters">Duke of York's Headquarters</a>, London, on 16 March 1992;<a href="#cite_note-67">[b]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201587-68">[66]</a> the day before McQueen's twenty-third birthday.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201587-68">[66]</a> Jack the Ripper was presented in the CSM show's second-to-last slot.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201587-68">[66]</a> The show was photographed by <a href="/wiki/Niall_McInerney_(photographer)" title="Niall McInerney (photographer)">Niall McInerney</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201559-45">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003141-69">[67]</a> McQueen's mother Joyce and his aunt Renee attended the runway show.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201583-70">[68]</a> A few other attendees would have a significant impact on McQueen's career. Magazine editor and stylist <a href="/wiki/Isabella_Blow" title="Isabella Blow">Isabella Blow</a> immediately found herself fascinated by McQueen's work.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason20129–10-71">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119-72">[70]</a> Jeweller <a href="/wiki/Shaun_Leane_(jeweller)" title="Shaun Leane (jeweller)">Shaun Leane</a> was invited to the CSM show by chance; he and McQueen later became friends and formed a long-standing artistic collaboration.<a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> London artist Simon Costin loaned McQueen jewellery for the show, including his 1986 piece Memento Mori, made from bird claws, rabbit skulls, and synthetic <a href="/wiki/Jet_(gemstone)" title="Jet (gemstone)">jet</a> stones.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a> Other Costin pieces included a piece made with lacquered dried fish, another with dried baby iguanas and thrushes' wings, and a collar necklace made of preserved bird claws.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003145,_149,_234-76">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201557-77">[75]</a> Students were expected to present a minimum of six outfits for a graduation collection; McQueen presented ten.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason20128-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201587–88-78">[76]</a> The first outfit featured a black beaded <a href="/wiki/Bandeau" title="Bandeau">bandeau</a> with an asymmetrical cut, paired with dark red <a href="/wiki/Slim-fit_pants" title="Slim-fit pants">skintight trousers</a>. The second was a <a href="/wiki/Shift_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shift (clothing)">shift</a> in sheer black <a href="/wiki/Chiffon_(fabric)" title="Chiffon (fabric)">chiffon</a> worn over a black bra and a black chiffon <a href="/wiki/Pencil_skirt" title="Pencil skirt">pencil skirt</a> with feather trim, accessorised with a bird claw necklace by Costin. Next came a black satin frock coat with long pointed front panels and nothing underneath, worn over a photo collage <a href="/wiki/Hoop_skirt" title="Hoop skirt">hoop skirt</a>; a tailored black jacket worn over a <a href="/wiki/Patchwork" title="Patchwork">patchwork</a> skirt; a red and black <a href="/wiki/Tunic" title="Tunic">tunic</a> dress over torn tights; a tailored pink silk frock coat with a print of black thorns designed by Ungless, over a black bra and black satin trousers; a black <a href="/wiki/Tailcoat" title="Tailcoat">tailcoat</a> with red lining, with nothing underneath, worn over black satin trousers trimmed with red beads; a sheer black open-back sleeveless top with tight black trousers, all trimmed with feathers; a black coat with a <a href="/wiki/Wasp_waist" title="Wasp waist">wasp waist</a> and sharply jutting <a href="/wiki/Peplum_jacket" title="Peplum jacket">peplum</a>, worn with a deep red beaded pencil skirt; and finally a sleeveless blouse in sheer dark red with black beaded <a href="/wiki/Epaulette" title="Epaulette">epaulettes</a> and <a href="/wiki/High-rise_(fashion)" title="High-rise (fashion)">high-waisted</a> black satin trousers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201587–88-78">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discovery_by_Isabella_Blow">Discovery by Isabella Blow</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Discovery by Isabella Blow">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_(1)_Ausschnitt_Isabella_Blow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Woman facing the camera, wearing a low-cut top and elaborate feathered hat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29_Ausschnitt_Isabella_Blow.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="188" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Blow" title="Isabella Blow">Isabella Blow</a> in 2005</figcaption></figure>Isabella Blow insisted on purchasing the entire collection; McQueen later recalled her as "this nutty lady" who "wouldn't stop badgering me" about it.<a href="#cite_note-81">[c]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119-72">[70]</a> Despite her aristocratic heritage, Blow lived in <a href="/wiki/Genteel_poverty" title="Genteel poverty">genteel poverty</a>, and was forced to pay McQueen in cash instalments.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201428-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119-72">[70]</a> Blow described the arrangement in a 2005 interview: "He'd bring an outfit in a <a href="/wiki/Bin_bag" title="Bin bag">bin liner</a>, I'd look at it and then he'd come to the <a href="/wiki/Cashpoint" class="mw-redirect" title="Cashpoint">cash-point</a> with me."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox20108-82">[79]</a> The price Blow paid for the collection varies depending on the source. In her biography of McQueen, Judith Watt writes that Blow paid £450 for a single jacket and then £5000 in monthly instalments for the entire collection.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201241-83">[80]</a> Author Katherine Knox reports that she paid approximately £400 per item, but does not say how many garments she bought.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox20108-82">[79]</a> Journalists <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Callahan" title="Maureen Callahan">Maureen Callahan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dana_Thomas" title="Dana Thomas">Dana Thomas</a> both say that the £5000 figure was unrealistic for a brand-new designer, but disagree on who was responsible for the myth: Callahan points at McQueen, while Thomas reports that it was Blow who liked to exaggerate what she paid.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201428-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015101-79">[77]</a> Callahan gives the real price for the whole collection as £350.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201428-66">[65]</a> Thomas reports that McQueen charged Blow £450, but is ambiguous as to whether this is for a single jacket or the entire collection.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015101-79">[77]</a> Following the purchase, Blow took it upon herself to promote McQueen's work, becoming a combination of mentor and muse for the early part of McQueen's career.<a href="#cite_note-:0-44">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119-72">[70]</a> She wore his clothing around London and used it for photoshoots. When <a href="/wiki/British_Vogue" title="British Vogue">British Vogue</a> produced a six-page spread about Blow's country house in November 1992, Blow and her husband were photographed in McQueen's clothing, including the pink thorn-print frock coat.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason20129-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201558–59-84">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception_and_analysis">Reception and analysis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Reception and analysis">edit</a>]</div> In retrospect, those who viewed the show recall the collection as being strong, but not necessarily groundbreaking. Hillson felt that McQueen would have done better in a two-year programme to give him more time to come into himself as a designer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201241-83">[80]</a> Jane Rapley, then the head of CSM, found Jack the Ripper interesting but thought "it wasn't heart-stopping".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201241-83">[80]</a> Designer John McKitterick, who saw the clothing before the show, thought it was a solid collection.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201241-83">[80]</a> Rapley believed it was Blow's attention that allowed McQueen to succeed at that time, as it provided him <a href="/wiki/Business_networking" title="Business networking">networking</a> opportunities.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201241-83">[80]</a> Louise Rytter notes that the show received minimal press attention, but Blow recognised it as something unique regardless.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201559-45">[44]</a> Fashion journalist <a href="/wiki/Susannah_Frankel" title="Susannah Frankel">Susannah Frankel</a> recalled contemporary press attention mostly focusing on the clothing designs, saying that criticism of the violent imagery did not emerge until later "because the press were looking for something to say later on".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight20151:41–1:52-85">[82]</a> Most critical response has focused on the collection's unusual, violent narrative and styling. Some have connected the themes of sexuality and violence to McQueen's traumatic childhood.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202154-86">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201581-87">[84]</a> Author Ana Finel Honigman wrote that McQueen was "transcending but also retaining a history of horror" with his references to the past. In her view, the thorn-print frock coat depicted a "murder victim's hair floating in her own blood".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202154,_118-88">[85]</a> Fashion theorist Caroline Evans cited Jack the Ripper as an early example of McQueen's incorporation of "sex, death, and commerce" into fashion, and connected it to his Autumn/Winter 1996 collection <a href="/wiki/Dante_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Dante (Alexander McQueen collection)">Dante</a>, which had similar themes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003141,_293-89">[86]</a> Judith Watt found a similarity between Jack the Ripper and the work of British designer <a href="/wiki/John_Galliano" title="John Galliano">John Galliano</a>, whose 1984 degree collection from CSM had drawn on the violence of the <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">French First Republic</a> (1792–1804).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239-46">[45]</a> Fashion theorist Christopher Breward wrote that McQueen's decision to reference Jack the Ripper could be seen as unoriginal, given the killer's <a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_in_fiction" title="Jack the Ripper in fiction">persistent influence on popular culture</a>, but concludes this would be an oversimplification.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreward201543,_45-90">[87]</a> Theorist Mélissa Diaby Savané described McQueen's overall aesthetic as a "fantasy of ugliness", and noted that to this end, McQueen did not romanticise or beautify the prostitutes he was inspired by, instead presenting them "in all their vulgarity".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESavané202195-91">[88]</a> McQueen's use of his own hair has also drawn critical analysis. Evans wrote that McQueen conceived of his use of his own hair as his way of "giving himself to the collection".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003141-69">[67]</a> Academic Chris McWade wrote that it took "the idea of investing oneself into one's work to a literal end", serving as a means for McQueen to live on through his work both metaphorically and in a lesser sense literally.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcWade202177-92">[89]</a> Writer <a href="/wiki/Cassandra_Atherton" title="Cassandra Atherton">Cassandra Atherton</a> described using several McQueen collections, including Jack the Ripper, in a university-level creative writing course to teach a connection between poetry and fashion, particularly how one can inspire the other. She noted that many of the students became fascinated with McQueen's use of hair and the history of hair in clothing and jewellery.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtherton201247–49-93">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:25%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> What attracted me to Alexander was the way he takes ideas from the past and sabotages them with his cut to make them thoroughly new and in the context of today. It is the complexity and severity of his approach to cut that makes him so modern. He is like a <a href="/wiki/Peeping_Tom" class="mw-redirect" title="Peeping Tom">Peeping Tom</a> in the way he slits and stabs at fabric to explore all the erogenous zones of the body. </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style=""><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Blow" title="Isabella Blow">Isabella Blow</a>, quoted in <a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar" title="Harper's Bazaar">Harper's Bazaar</a>, 1996<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003142-94">[91]</a></cite></div> </div> Jack the Ripper was the only collection McQueen presented under his birth name, Lee A. McQueen. By the time he released his next collection, <a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Taxi Driver (Alexander McQueen collection)">Taxi Driver</a> (Autumn/Winter 1993), he had decided to design under his middle name, Alexander McQueen, which also became the name of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(fashion_house)" title="Alexander McQueen (fashion house)">his fashion house</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015107-61">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201256-95">[92]</a> McQueen held on to the narrative and aesthetic tendencies he established in Jack the Ripper throughout his career, earning a reputation for producing narratively-driven collections inspired by <a href="/wiki/Macabre" title="Macabre">macabre</a> aspects of history, art, and his own life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239-46">[45]</a> Tight tailoring and unusual cuts became a brand standard, as did frock coats.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilcox201532-96">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight20153:27–3:29-97">[94]</a> Frankel called out "the big shoulder, the dropped waist line, and the exposed midriff" seen in the collection's runway show as an early-career signature silhouette.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight20153:34–3:49-98">[95]</a> The so-called three-point "<a href="/wiki/Origami" title="Origami">origami</a>" folded tail on the thorn-print coat appeared in later collections.<a href="#cite_note-:3-99">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159–161-100">[97]</a> He drew on the novel Perfume again for <a href="/wiki/Highland_Rape" title="Highland Rape">Highland Rape</a> (Autumn/Winter 1995).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015148-101">[98]</a> At times, his references to Jack the Ripper were more direct. <a href="/wiki/The_Hunger_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="The Hunger (Alexander McQueen collection)">The Hunger</a> (Spring/Summer 1996) pointed back at Jack the Ripper through design elements like sharply-pointed collars, smears of blood, trimmings that imitated human flesh, and prints of thorns.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015307-102">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2015273-103">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015145–146-104">[101]</a> Hair jewellery appeared again in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarabande_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarabande (Alexander McQueen collection) (page does not exist)">Sarabande</a> (Spring/Summer 2007).<a href="#cite_note-:3-99">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159–161-100">[97]</a> Two of the frock coats, including the thorn-print frock, appeared at the retrospective exhibition <a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty" title="Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty">Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty</a> (staged in New York City in 2011 and in London in 2015, respectively).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBolton2011232-105">[102]</a> They were loaned by socialite <a href="/wiki/Daphne_Guinness" title="Daphne Guinness">Daphne Guinness</a>, who purchased Blow's entire collection after her death in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-106">[103]</a> Items from the Blow archive, including the thorn-print coat and other items from Jack the Ripper, appeared in the 2013 retrospective Isabella Blow: Fashion Galore! at <a href="/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House">Somerset House</a> in London.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2018114-107">[104]</a> During the staging process for this exhibition, the thorn-print coat was discovered to have a cigarette burn in its side. The curators opted not to remove it during the <a href="/wiki/Textile_restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Textile restoration">textile restoration</a> process, as they felt the burn "was a portal into exploring how Blow wore her remarkable wardrobe with such apparent disregard".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2018114-107">[104]</a> The thorn-print frock coat was photographed for a McQueen retrospective that appeared in the Spring/Summer 2015 issue of <a href="/wiki/Another_Magazine" title="Another Magazine">AnOther</a>. It was styled with a pair of bumster trousers and the crown of thorns headpiece from Dante.<a href="#cite_note-108">[105]</a> When early McQueen employee Ruti Danan auctioned her personal archive in 2020, a pattern for one of the coats from Jack the Ripper sold for a reported US$3,025.<a href="#cite_note-109">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[107]</a> In 2016, CSM student Tina Gorjanc presented her master's thesis project, Pure Human, which proposed to use McQueen's DNA, sourced from the hair used in Jack the Ripper garments, to grow skin tissue that would be made into <a href="/wiki/Leather_goods" class="mw-redirect" title="Leather goods">leather goods</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-60">[59]</a> Gorjanc's project was strictly theoretical. Although she applied for a patent for the process which mentions McQueen's name, she never obtained his actual DNA, and all three prototypes she produced were made of pig skin.<a href="#cite_note-111">[108]</a> McWade describes this project as part of the "ghostly quality" that defines McQueen's posthumous legacy, in which he is often viewed as a haunting presence or is metaphorically resurrected.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcWade202177-92">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> Some sources incorrectly write that McQueen claimed to have been distantly related to the actual victim.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201427-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201581-36">[36]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> Some sources provide a date of July 1992 and list the venue as the <a href="/wiki/Olympia_London" title="Olympia London">Olympia London</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kensington" title="Kensington">Kensington</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201428-66">[65]</a> It is unclear where this originated from, but it appears to be erroneous, as <a href="/wiki/London_Fashion_Week" title="London Fashion Week">London Fashion Week</a> in 1992 was held in March, and Central Saint Martins holds its graduation shows at Fashion Week.<a href="#cite_note-Morris-NYT-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-Davis-Observer-65">[64]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> Most sources say she purchased the entire collection. However, in her 2015 book <a href="/wiki/Gods_and_Kings:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Alexander_McQueen_and_John_Galliano" title="Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano">Gods and Kings</a>, journalist <a href="/wiki/Dana_Thomas" title="Dana Thomas">Dana Thomas</a> reports that Simon Ungless told her, "with authority", that it was not the entire collection, although she does not elaborate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015101-79">[77]</a> In a 2015 interview, <a href="/wiki/Susannah_Frankel" title="Susannah Frankel">Susannah Frankel</a> also states that it was not the entire collection.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight20151:25–1:37-80">[78]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:17-1"><a href="#cite_ref-:17_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vam.ac.uk/articles/alexander-mcqueen-an-introduction">"Alexander McQueen – an introduction"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a>. Retrieved 25 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Victoria+and+Albert+Museum&rft.atitle=Alexander+McQueen+%E2%80%93+an+introduction&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vam.ac.uk%2Farticles%2Falexander-mcqueen-an-introduction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:18-2"><a href="#cite_ref-:18_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoraBerry2022" class="citation journal cs1">Mora, Juliana Luna; Berry, Jess (2 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F20511817.2022.2194039">"Creative Direction Succession in Luxury Fashion: The Illusion of Immortality at Chanel and Alexander McQueen"</a>. Luxury. 9 (2–3): 126, 128, 132. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F20511817.2022.2194039">10.1080/20511817.2022.2194039</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2051-1817">2051-1817</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Luxury&rft.atitle=Creative+Direction+Succession+in+Luxury+Fashion%3A+The+Illusion+of+Immortality+at+Chanel+and+Alexander+McQueen&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E3&rft.pages=126%2C+128%2C+132&rft.date=2022-09-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F20511817.2022.2194039&rft.issn=2051-1817&rft.aulast=Mora&rft.aufirst=Juliana+Luna&rft.au=Berry%2C+Jess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F20511817.2022.2194039&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv,_27-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv,_27_3-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCallahan2014">Callahan 2014</a>, pp. xv, 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201612_4-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFFairerWilcox2016">Fairer & Wilcox 2016</a>, p. 12. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESavané202198-5"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESavané202198_5-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSavané2021">Savané 2021</a>, p. 98. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201585,_153,_329-6"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201585,_153,_329_6-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, pp. 85, 153, 329. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201652-7"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201652_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFairerWilcox2016">Fairer & Wilcox 2016</a>, p. 52. </li> <li id="cite_note-TG-05-2022-8"><a href="#cite_ref-TG-05-2022_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTonti2022" class="citation web cs1">Tonti, Lucianne (20 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2022/may/20/major-alexander-mcqueen-exhibition-to-open-in-victoria-in-late-2022">"Major Alexander McQueen exhibition to open in Victoria in late 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220908234605/https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2022/may/20/major-alexander-mcqueen-exhibition-to-open-in-victoria-in-late-2022">Archived</a> from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 9 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Major+Alexander+McQueen+exhibition+to+open+in+Victoria+in+late+2022&rft.date=2022-05-20&rft.aulast=Tonti&rft.aufirst=Lucianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2022%2Fmay%2F20%2Fmajor-alexander-mcqueen-exhibition-to-open-in-victoria-in-late-2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason201232-9"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGleason201232_9-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGleason2012">Gleason 2012</a>, p. 32. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElenowitz-Hess2022400-10"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElenowitz-Hess2022400_10-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFElenowitz-Hess2022">Elenowitz-Hess 2022</a>, p. 400. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201564-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201564_11-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 64. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201531–33-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201531–33_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, pp. 31–33. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201567–68,_81-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201567–68,_81_13-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, pp. 67–68, 81. </li> <li id="cite_note-doig-14"><a href="#cite_ref-doig_14-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDoig2023" class="citation news cs1">Doig, Stephen (30 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230130171757/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/how-alexander-mcqueen-changed-world-fashion-people-who-knew/">"How Alexander McQueen changed the world of fashion – by the people who knew him best"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/how-alexander-mcqueen-changed-world-fashion-people-who-knew/">the original</a> on 30 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=How+Alexander+McQueen+changed+the+world+of+fashion+%E2%80%93+by+the+people+who+knew+him+best&rft.date=2023-01-30&rft.aulast=Doig&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffashion%2Fpeople%2Fhow-alexander-mcqueen-changed-world-fashion-people-who-knew%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarvell2016" class="citation web cs1">Carvell, Nick (26 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/alexander-mcqueen-savile-row-tailor">"Savile Row's best tailors: Alexander McQueen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GQ" title="GQ">GQ</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210509010433/https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/alexander-mcqueen-savile-row-tailor">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GQ&rft.atitle=Savile+Row%27s+best+tailors%3A+Alexander+McQueen&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft.aulast=Carvell&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gq-magazine.co.uk%2Farticle%2Falexander-mcqueen-savile-row-tailor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCSixWays-16"><a href="#cite_ref-BBCSixWays_16-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVaidyanathan2010" class="citation news cs1">Vaidyanathan, Rajini (12 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8511404.stm">"Six ways Alexander McQueen changed fashion"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Magazine">BBC Magazine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100222201747/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8511404.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 February 2010. Retrieved 6 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Magazine&rft.atitle=Six+ways+Alexander+McQueen+changed+fashion&rft.date=2010-02-12&rft.aulast=Vaidyanathan&rft.aufirst=Rajini&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fmagazine%2F8511404.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GuardianBoy-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianBoy_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianBoy_17-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCartner-Morley2005" class="citation news cs1">Cartner-Morley, Jess (19 September 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2005/sep/19/fashion.londonfashionweek">"Boy done good"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130829173012/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2005/sep/19/fashion.londonfashionweek">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2013. Retrieved 11 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Boy+done+good&rft.date=2005-09-19&rft.aulast=Cartner-Morley&rft.aufirst=Jess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2005%2Fsep%2F19%2Ffashion.londonfashionweek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201572-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201572_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201572_18-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 72. </li> <li id="cite_note-GuardianMcQueen2-19"><a href="#cite_ref-GuardianMcQueen2_19-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTran2010" class="citation news cs1">Tran, Mark (11 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/feb/11/alexander-mcqueen-dies-fashion-designer">"Fashion designer Alexander McQueen dies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100213005828/http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2010/feb/11/alexander-mcqueen-dies-fashion-designer">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2010. Retrieved 12 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Fashion+designer+Alexander+McQueen+dies&rft.date=2010-02-11&rft.aulast=Tran&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2010%2Ffeb%2F11%2Falexander-mcqueen-dies-fashion-designer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201573-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201573_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 73. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201574–75-21"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201574–75_21-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, pp. 74–75. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201559–61-22"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201559–61_22-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, pp. 59–61. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201578–79-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201578–79_23-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, pp. 78–79. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201579-24"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201579_24-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 79. </li> <li id="cite_note-vogue-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vogue_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vogue_25-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCooper2010" class="citation web cs1">Cooper, Michelle (6 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/bobby-hillson">"Who's Who: Bobby Hillson"</a>. Vogue.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121003072354/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/bobby-hillson">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who%27s+Who%3A+Bobby+Hillson&rft.pub=Vogue.co.uk&rft.date=2010-08-06&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vogue.co.uk%2Fspy%2Fbiographies%2Fbobby-hillson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201568-26"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201568_26-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 68. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201569-27"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201569_27-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 69. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201570,_177-28"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201570,_177_28-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, pp. 70, 177. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201236-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201236_29-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWatt2012">Watt 2012</a>, p. 36. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014103-30"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan2014103_30-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCallahan2014">Callahan 2014</a>, p. 103. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel201569-31"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrankel201569_31-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFrankel2015">Frankel 2015</a>, p. 69. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason20128-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGleason20128_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGleason20128_32-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGleason2012">Gleason 2012</a>, p. 8. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv–xvi-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv–xvi_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv–xvi_33-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFCallahan2014">Callahan 2014</a>, pp. xv–xvi. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201427-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan201427_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan201427_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan201427_34-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFCallahan2014">Callahan 2014</a>, p. 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_35-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_35-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_35-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.metmuseum.org/alexandermcqueen/coat-jack-the-ripper/">"Coat, Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims (MA Graduation Collection), 1992"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>. 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210409180759/https://blog.metmuseum.org/alexandermcqueen/coat-jack-the-ripper/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.atitle=Coat%2C+Jack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims+%28MA+Graduation+Collection%29%2C+1992&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.metmuseum.org%2Falexandermcqueen%2Fcoat-jack-the-ripper%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201581-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201581_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201581_36-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 81. </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiddleton2003" class="citation magazine cs1">Middleton, William (April 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/221411163">"The world of McQueen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar" title="Harper's Bazaar">Harper's Bazaar</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/221411163">221411163</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231007045646/https://www.proquest.com/docview/221411163">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harper%27s+Bazaar&rft.atitle=The+world+of+McQueen&rft.date=2003-04&rft.aulast=Middleton&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F221411163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason20129-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGleason20129_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGleason20129_39-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGleason2012">Gleason 2012</a>, p. 9. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201580,_84-40"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201580,_84_40-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, pp. 80, 84. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv,_28-41"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv,_28_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCallahan2014">Callahan 2014</a>, pp. xv, 28. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans200370–71-42"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans200370–71_42-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEvans2003">Evans 2003</a>, pp. 70–71. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv-43"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan2014xv_43-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCallahan2014">Callahan 2014</a>, p. xv. </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_44-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBlow2010" class="citation news cs1">Blow, Detmar (14 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG7231469/Alexander-McQueen-and-Isabella-Blow.html">"Alex McQueen and Isabella Blow"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170103003019/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG7231469/Alexander-McQueen-and-Isabella-Blow.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Alex+McQueen+and+Isabella+Blow&rft.date=2010-02-14&rft.aulast=Blow&rft.aufirst=Detmar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffashion.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews-features%2FTMG7231469%2FAlexander-McQueen-and-Isabella-Blow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201559-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERytter201559_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERytter201559_45-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERytter201559_45-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERytter201559_45-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERytter201559_45-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFRytter2015">Rytter 2015</a>, p. 59. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201239_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201239_46-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201239_46-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201239_46-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201239_46-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201239_46-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201239_46-6">g</a> <a href="#CITEREFWatt2012">Watt 2012</a>, p. 39. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201584-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201584_47-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 84. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201586-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201586_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 86. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201585-49">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201585_49-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201585_49-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201585_49-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201585_49-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201585_49-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 85. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202170-50"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonigman202170_50-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHonigman2021">Honigman 2021</a>, p. 70. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201238-51">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201238_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201238_51-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFWatt2012">Watt 2012</a>, p. 38. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015224-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2015224_52-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 224. </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-53"><a href="#cite_ref-:02_53-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMower2015" class="citation web cs1">Mower, Sarah (31 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogue.com/article/john-galliano-dior-alexander-mcqueen-givenchy-brit-invasion">"When fashion renegades John Galliano and Alexander McQueen landed at Dior and Givenchy, Paris fashion was forever changed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)" title="Vogue (magazine)">Vogue</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230727010308/https://www.vogue.com/article/john-galliano-dior-alexander-mcqueen-givenchy-brit-invasion">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vogue&rft.atitle=When+fashion+renegades+John+Galliano+and+Alexander+McQueen+landed+at+Dior+and+Givenchy%2C+Paris+fashion+was+forever+changed&rft.date=2015-08-31&rft.aulast=Mower&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vogue.com%2Farticle%2Fjohn-galliano-dior-alexander-mcqueen-givenchy-brit-invasion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201584-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201584_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201584_54-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 84. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201426-55"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan201426_55-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCallahan2014">Callahan 2014</a>, p. 26. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201583–84-56"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201583–84_56-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, pp. 83–84. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015304_57-8">i</a> <a href="#CITEREFBethune2015">Bethune 2015</a>, p. 304. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159_58-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159_58-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFTownsend2015">Townsend 2015</a>, p. 159. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201240–41-59"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201240–41_59-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWatt2012">Watt 2012</a>, pp. 40–41. </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-60">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_60-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong2016" class="citation web cs1">Armstrong, Annie (12 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://i-d.vice.com/en/article/evnwyz/this-fashion-student-is-turning-alexander-mcqueens-flesh-into-fabric">"This fashion student is turning Alexander McQueen's flesh into fabric"</a>. <a href="/wiki/I-D" title="I-D">i-D</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231007045647/https://i-d.vice.com/en/article/evnwyz/this-fashion-student-is-turning-alexander-mcqueens-flesh-into-fabric">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=i-D&rft.atitle=This+fashion+student+is+turning+Alexander+McQueen%27s+flesh+into+fabric&rft.date=2016-07-12&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Annie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fi-d.vice.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fevnwyz%2Fthis-fashion-student-is-turning-alexander-mcqueens-flesh-into-fabric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015107-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2015107_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2015107_61-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 107. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201239–40-62"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201239–40_62-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWatt2012">Watt 2012</a>, pp. 39–40. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003223-63"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2003223_63-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEvans2003">Evans 2003</a>, p. 223. </li> <li id="cite_note-Morris-NYT-64">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Morris-NYT_64-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morris-NYT_64-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMorris1992" class="citation news cs1">Morris, Bernadine (17 March 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/17/news/review-fashion-british-face-reality-with-flair.html">"Review/Fashion; British Face Reality With Flair"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305000615/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/17/news/review-fashion-british-face-reality-with-flair.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Review%2FFashion%3B+British+Face+Reality+With+Flair&rft.date=1992-03-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Bernadine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F03%2F17%2Fnews%2Freview-fashion-british-face-reality-with-flair.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Davis-Observer-65">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Davis-Observer_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Davis-Observer_65-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavis2010" class="citation news cs1">Davis, Johnny (7 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/feb/07/central-saint-martins-louise-wilson">"The fashion stars of Central Saint Martins"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0029-7712">0029-7712</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305000611/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/feb/07/central-saint-martins-louise-wilson">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=The+fashion+stars+of+Central+Saint+Martins&rft.date=2010-02-07&rft.issn=0029-7712&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Johnny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2010%2Ffeb%2F07%2Fcentral-saint-martins-louise-wilson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallahan201428-66">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan201428_66-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan201428_66-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan201428_66-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallahan201428_66-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFCallahan2014">Callahan 2014</a>, p. 28. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201587-68">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201587_68-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201587_68-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201587_68-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 87. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003141-69">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2003141_69-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2003141_69-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFEvans2003">Evans 2003</a>, p. 141. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201583-70"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201583_70-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 83. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason20129–10-71"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGleason20129–10_71-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGleason2012">Gleason 2012</a>, pp. 9–10. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119-72">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119_72-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119_72-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119_72-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrankel201119_72-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFFrankel2011">Frankel 2011</a>, p. 19. </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFogarty2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Fogarty, Kate Hensler (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asu&AN=149581891&site=eds-live&scope=site">"Violence and beauty: the paradoxical power of Shaun Leane"</a>. Metalsmith. Vol. 41, no. 1. Retrieved 5 November 2023 – via Art & Architecture Source.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metalsmith&rft.atitle=Violence+and+beauty%3A+the+paradoxical+power+of+Shaun+Leane&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Fogarty&rft.aufirst=Kate+Hensler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.ebscohost.com%2Flogin.aspx%3Fdirect%3Dtrue%26db%3Dasu%26AN%3D149581891%26site%3Deds-live%26scope%3Dsite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/130732">"Simon Costin | 'Memento Mori' | British"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>. 1986. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231007045649/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/130732">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.atitle=Simon+Costin+%7C+%27Memento+Mori%27+%7C+British&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch%2F130732&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vam.ac.uk/museumofsavagebeauty/mcq/necklace/">"Necklace"</a>. The Museum of Savage Beauty. <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230610132135/https://www.vam.ac.uk/museumofsavagebeauty/mcq/necklace/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Museum+of+Savage+Beauty&rft.atitle=Necklace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vam.ac.uk%2Fmuseumofsavagebeauty%2Fmcq%2Fnecklace%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003145,_149,_234-76"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2003145,_149,_234_76-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEvans2003">Evans 2003</a>, pp. 145, 149, 234. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201557-77"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERytter201557_77-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRytter2015">Rytter 2015</a>, p. 57. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201587–88-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201587–88_78-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201587–88_78-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, pp. 87–88. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015101-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2015101_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2015101_79-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2015101_79-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 101. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight20151:25–1:37-80"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnight20151:25–1:37_80-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKnight2015">Knight 2015</a>, 1:25–1:37. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox20108-82">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnox20108_82-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnox20108_82-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFKnox2010">Knox 2010</a>, p. 8. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201241-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201241_83-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201241_83-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201241_83-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201241_83-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201241_83-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFWatt2012">Watt 2012</a>, p. 41. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERytter201558–59-84"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERytter201558–59_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRytter2015">Rytter 2015</a>, pp. 58–59. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight20151:41–1:52-85"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnight20151:41–1:52_85-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKnight2015">Knight 2015</a>, 1:41–1:52. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202154-86"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonigman202154_86-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHonigman2021">Honigman 2021</a>, p. 54. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201581-87"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas201581_87-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 81. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202154,_118-88"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonigman202154,_118_88-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHonigman2021">Honigman 2021</a>, pp. 54, 118. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003141,_293-89"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2003141,_293_89-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEvans2003">Evans 2003</a>, pp. 141, 293. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreward201543,_45-90"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreward201543,_45_90-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBreward2015">Breward 2015</a>, pp. 43, 45. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESavané202195-91"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESavané202195_91-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSavané2021">Savané 2021</a>, p. 95. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcWade202177-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcWade202177_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcWade202177_92-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcWade2021">McWade 2021</a>, p. 77. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtherton201247–49-93"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtherton201247–49_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAtherton2012">Atherton 2012</a>, pp. 47–49. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2003142-94"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2003142_94-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEvans2003">Evans 2003</a>, p. 142. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt201256-95"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatt201256_95-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWatt2012">Watt 2012</a>, p. 56. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilcox201532-96"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilcox201532_96-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilcox2015">Wilcox 2015</a>, p. 32. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight20153:27–3:29-97"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnight20153:27–3:29_97-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKnight2015">Knight 2015</a>, 3:27–3:29. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight20153:34–3:49-98"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnight20153:34–3:49_98-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKnight2015">Knight 2015</a>, 3:34–3:49. </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-99">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_99-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_99-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomas2011" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dana_Thomas" title="Dana Thomas">Thomas, Dana</a> (5 April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/?next_url=/ezproxy/r/ezp.2aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2guZWJzY29ob3N0LmNvbS9sb2dpbi5hc3B4P2RpcmVjdD10cnVlJmRiPWJ3aCZBTj13YXBvLjE4ODYyZWZlLTc0ZGQtMTFlMC1iYTgwLWQxZWM2YWRlMzcxZSZzaXRlPWVkcy1saXZlJnNjb3BlPXNpdGU-">"McQueen retrospective: Savage Beauty in fashion"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240125181019/https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/?next_url=/ezproxy/r/ezp.2aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2guZWJzY29ob3N0LmNvbS9sb2dpbi5hc3B4P2RpcmVjdD10cnVlJmRiPWJ3aCZBTj13YXBvLjE4ODYyZWZlLTc0ZGQtMTFlMC1iYTgwLWQxZWM2YWRlMzcxZSZzaXRlPWVkcy1saXZlJnNjb3BlPXNpdGU-">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=McQueen+retrospective%3A+Savage+Beauty+in+fashion&rft.date=2011-04-05&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org%2F%3Fnext_url%3D%2Fezproxy%2Fr%2Fezp.2aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2guZWJzY29ob3N0LmNvbS9sb2dpbi5hc3B4P2RpcmVjdD10cnVlJmRiPWJ3aCZBTj13YXBvLjE4ODYyZWZlLTc0ZGQtMTFlMC1iYTgwLWQxZWM2YWRlMzcxZSZzaXRlPWVkcy1saXZlJnNjb3BlPXNpdGU-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159–161-100">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159–161_100-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETownsend2015159–161_100-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFTownsend2015">Townsend 2015</a>, pp. 159–161. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015148-101"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2015148_101-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThomas2015">Thomas 2015</a>, p. 148. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015307-102"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBethune2015307_102-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBethune2015">Bethune 2015</a>, p. 307. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2015273-103"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2015273_103-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFO'Neill2015">O'Neill 2015</a>, p. 273. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015145–146-104"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2015145–146_104-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, pp. 145–146. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBolton2011232-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBolton2011232_105-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBolton2011">Bolton 2011</a>, p. 232. </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWoo2013" class="citation web cs1">Woo, Kin (18 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.anothermag.com/fashion-beauty/3186/daphne-guinness-on-isabella-blow">"Daphne Guinness on Isabella Blow"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AnOther" class="mw-redirect" title="AnOther">AnOther</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230828040747/https://www.anothermag.com/fashion-beauty/3186/daphne-guinness-on-isabella-blow">Archived</a> from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AnOther&rft.atitle=Daphne+Guinness+on+Isabella+Blow&rft.date=2013-11-18&rft.aulast=Woo&rft.aufirst=Kin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anothermag.com%2Ffashion-beauty%2F3186%2Fdaphne-guinness-on-isabella-blow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2018114-107">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2018114_107-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2018114_107-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFO'Neill2018">O'Neill 2018</a>, p. 114. </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStansfeld2015" class="citation web cs1">Stansfeld, Ted (30 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/27210/1/alexander-mcqueen-s-most-dark-and-twisted-moments">"Alexander McQueen's most dark and twisted moments"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dazed" title="Dazed">Dazed</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231004095709/https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/27210/1/alexander-mcqueen-s-most-dark-and-twisted-moments">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dazed&rft.atitle=Alexander+McQueen%27s+most+dark+and+twisted+moments&rft.date=2015-10-30&rft.aulast=Stansfeld&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dazeddigital.com%2Ffashion%2Farticle%2F27210%2F1%2Falexander-mcqueen-s-most-dark-and-twisted-moments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeron-Langton2020" class="citation web cs1">Heron-Langton, Jessica (20 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/48031/1/some-extremely-rare-mcqueen-pieces-up-for-auction-boston-rr-ruti-danan">"Over £1m of rare McQueen pieces are going on sale"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dazed" title="Dazed">Dazed</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230507064308/https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/48031/1/some-extremely-rare-mcqueen-pieces-up-for-auction-boston-rr-ruti-danan">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 6 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dazed&rft.atitle=Over+%C2%A31m+of+rare+McQueen+pieces+are+going+on+sale&rft.date=2020-02-20&rft.aulast=Heron-Langton&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dazeddigital.com%2Ffashion%2Farticle%2F48031%2F1%2Fsome-extremely-rare-mcqueen-pieces-up-for-auction-boston-rr-ruti-danan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rrauction.com/auctions/lot-detail/34230200587604--jack-the-ripper-stalks-his-victims-five-piece-pattern-for-pointed-front-ribboned-collar-1992-graduate-collection/?cat=0">"Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims five-piece pattern for pointed front ribboned collar 1992 Graduate Collection"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RR_Auction" title="RR Auction">RR Auction</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231007045648/https://www.rrauction.com/auctions/lot-detail/34230200587604--jack-the-ripper-stalks-his-victims-five-piece-pattern-for-pointed-front-ribboned-collar-1992-graduate-collection/?cat=0">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RR+Auction&rft.atitle=Jack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims+five-piece+pattern+for+pointed+front+ribboned+collar+1992+Graduate+Collection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rrauction.com%2Fauctions%2Flot-detail%2F34230200587604--jack-the-ripper-stalks-his-victims-five-piece-pattern-for-pointed-front-ribboned-collar-1992-graduate-collection%2F%3Fcat%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLefave2016" class="citation web cs1">Lefave, Samantha (27 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allure.com/story/alexander-mcqueen-skin-bag">"The truth behind the Alexander McQueen 'skin' bags"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Allure_(magazine)" title="Allure (magazine)">Allure</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231007051149/https://www.allure.com/story/alexander-mcqueen-skin-bag">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allure&rft.atitle=The+truth+behind+the+Alexander+McQueen+%27skin%27+bags&rft.date=2016-07-27&rft.aulast=Lefave&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allure.com%2Fstory%2Falexander-mcqueen-skin-bag&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAtherton2012" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cassandra_Atherton" title="Cassandra Atherton">Atherton, Cassandra</a> (2012). "The Haunting: Poetry and Fashion in the Creative Writing Workshop". Writing on the Edge. 23 (1): 47–53. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1064-6051">1064-6051</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43157472">43157472</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Writing+on+the+Edge&rft.atitle=The+Haunting%3A+Poetry+and+Fashion+in+the+Creative+Writing+Workshop&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E47-%3C%2Fspan%3E53&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43157472%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=1064-6051&rft.aulast=Atherton&rft.aufirst=Cassandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBolton2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bolton_(curator)" title="Andrew Bolton (curator)">Bolton, Andrew</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3pcTzKWTFTIC">Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-412-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-412-5"><bdi>978-1-58839-412-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230709021545/https://books.google.com/books?id=3pcTzKWTFTIC">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+McQueen%3A+Savage+Beauty&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-58839-412-5&rft.aulast=Bolton&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3pcTzKWTFTIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/Susannah_Frankel" title="Susannah Frankel">Frankel, Susannah</a>. Introduction. In <a href="#CITEREFBolton2011">Bolton (2011)</a>, pp. 17–27.</li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCallahan2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Maureen_Callahan" title="Maureen Callahan">Callahan, Maureen</a> (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/champagnesuperno0000call">Champagne Supernovas: Kate Moss, Marc Jacobs, Alexander McQueen, and the '90s Renegades Who Remade Fashion</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Touchstone_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Touchstone Books">Touchstone Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4516-4053-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4516-4053-3"><bdi>978-1-4516-4053-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Champagne+Supernovas%3A+Kate+Moss%2C+Marc+Jacobs%2C+Alexander+McQueen%2C+and+the+%2790s+Renegades+Who+Remade+Fashion&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Touchstone+Books&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4516-4053-3&rft.aulast=Callahan&rft.aufirst=Maureen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchampagnesuperno0000call&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFElenowitz-Hess2022" class="citation journal cs1">Elenowitz-Hess, Caroline (16 April 2022). "Reckoning with Highland Rape: Sexuality, Violence, and Power on the Runway". <a href="/wiki/Fashion_Theory" title="Fashion Theory">Fashion Theory</a>. 26 (3): 403. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F1362704X.2020.1846325">10.1080/1362704X.2020.1846325</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1362-704X">1362-704X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:229432510">229432510</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fashion+Theory&rft.atitle=Reckoning+with+Highland+Rape%3A+Sexuality%2C+Violence%2C+and+Power+on+the+Runway&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=403&rft.date=2022-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A229432510%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1362-704X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F1362704X.2020.1846325&rft.aulast=Elenowitz-Hess&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEvans2003" class="citation book cs1">Evans, Caroline (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bjQf7LY3aSQC&q=birds&pg=PA141">Fashion at the Edge: Spectacle, Modernity and Deathliness</a>. New Haven, Connecticut: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10192-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10192-8"><bdi>978-0-300-10192-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230531162733/https://books.google.com/books?id=bjQf7LY3aSQC&q=birds&pg=PA141">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fashion+at+the+Edge%3A+Spectacle%2C+Modernity+and+Deathliness&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-300-10192-8&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbjQf7LY3aSQC%26q%3Dbirds%26pg%3DPA141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFairerWilcox2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fairer" title="Robert Fairer">Fairer, Robert</a>; <a href="/wiki/Claire_Wilcox" title="Claire Wilcox">Wilcox, Claire</a> (2016). Alexander McQueen: Unseen. New Haven, Connecticut: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-22267-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-22267-8"><bdi>978-0-300-22267-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/946216643">946216643</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+McQueen%3A+Unseen&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F946216643&rft.isbn=978-0-300-22267-8&rft.aulast=Fairer&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Wilcox%2C+Claire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGleason2012" class="citation book cs1">Gleason, Katherine (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N1H0AwAAQBAJ">Alexander McQueen: Evolution</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Race_Point_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Race Point Publishing">Race Point Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61058-837-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61058-837-9"><bdi>978-1-61058-837-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230119051810/https://books.google.com/books?id=N1H0AwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+McQueen%3A+Evolution&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Race+Point+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-61058-837-9&rft.aulast=Gleason&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN1H0AwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHonigman2021" class="citation book cs1">Honigman, Ana Finel (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I55EEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22alexander+mcqueen%22+eye&pg=PA141">What Alexander McQueen Can Teach You About Fashion</a>. London: <a href="/wiki/Frances_Lincoln" title="Frances Lincoln">Frances Lincoln</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7112-5906-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7112-5906-5"><bdi>978-0-7112-5906-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Alexander+McQueen+Can+Teach+You+About+Fashion&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Frances+Lincoln&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-0-7112-5906-5&rft.aulast=Honigman&rft.aufirst=Ana+Finel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI55EEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522alexander%2Bmcqueen%2522%2Beye%26pg%3DPA141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKnight2015" class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nick_Knight_(photographer)" title="Nick Knight (photographer)">Knight, Nick</a> (21 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1JsPR9cYRk">Alexander McQueen: Susannah Frankel/Nick Knight Interview: Thorn Coat, Graduation Collection 1992</a>. <a href="/wiki/Susannah_Frankel" title="Susannah Frankel">Susannah Frankel</a>, interviewee. Showstudio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231023041932/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1JsPR9cYRk">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alexander+McQueen%3A+Susannah+Frankel%2FNick+Knight+Interview%3A+Thorn+Coat%2C+Graduation+Collection+1992&rft.pub=Showstudio&rft.date=2015-05-21&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dj1JsPR9cYRk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKnox2010" class="citation book cs1">Knox, Kristin (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HKFpDgAAQBAJ">Alexander McQueen: Genius of a Generation</a>. London: <a href="/wiki/A%26C_Black" class="mw-redirect" title="A&C Black">A&C Black</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4081-3223-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4081-3223-4"><bdi>978-1-4081-3223-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/794296806">794296806</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231015140302/https://books.google.com/books?id=HKFpDgAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+McQueen%3A+Genius+of+a+Generation&rft.place=London&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F794296806&rft.isbn=978-1-4081-3223-4&rft.aulast=Knox&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHKFpDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcWade2021" class="citation journal cs1">McWade, Chris (January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1362704X.2019.1598203">"From Rat to Wraith: Spectral Transgression Against Masculine Tropes in Alexander McQueen's Eclect Dissect (A/W for Givenchy 1997–1998)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fashion_Theory" title="Fashion Theory">Fashion Theory</a>. 25 (1): 77. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F1362704X.2019.1598203">10.1080/1362704X.2019.1598203</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1362-704X">1362-704X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:194663301">194663301</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230522202006/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1362704X.2019.1598203">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fashion+Theory&rft.atitle=From+Rat+to+Wraith%3A+Spectral+Transgression+Against+Masculine+Tropes+in+Alexander+McQueen%27s+Eclect+Dissect+%28A%2FW+for+Givenchy+1997%E2%80%931998%29&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=77&rft.date=2021-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A194663301%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1362-704X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F1362704X.2019.1598203&rft.aulast=McWade&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F1362704X.2019.1598203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFO'Neill2018" class="citation book cs1">O'Neill, Alistair (2018). "Staging Fashion in Somerset House, London". In Vänskä, Annamari; Clark, Hazel (eds.). Fashion Curating: Critical Practice in the Museum and Beyond. London: <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Academic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomsbury Academic">Bloomsbury Academic</a>. pp. 105–118. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4742-8711-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4742-8711-1"><bdi>978-1-4742-8711-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Staging+Fashion+in+Somerset+House%2C+London&rft.btitle=Fashion+Curating%3A+Critical+Practice+in+the+Museum+and+Beyond&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E105-%3C%2Fspan%3E118&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-4742-8711-1&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=Alistair&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSavané2021" class="citation journal cs1">Savané, Mélissa Diaby (20 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revistas.uminho.pt/index.php/2i/article/view/3157">"The fantasy of ugliness in Alexander McQueen collections (1992–2009): How did literature and the visual arts inspire Alexander McQueen to merge sex and horror in his own art form?"</a>. Revista 2i: Estudos de Identidade e Intermedialidade. 3 (3): 95–108. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.21814%2F2i.3157">10.21814/2i.3157</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2184-7010">2184-7010</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231023041933/https://revistas.uminho.pt/index.php/2i/article/view/3157">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+2i%3A+Estudos+de+Identidade+e+Intermedialidade&rft.atitle=The+fantasy+of+ugliness+in+Alexander+McQueen+collections+%281992%E2%80%932009%29%3A+How+did+literature+and+the+visual+arts+inspire+Alexander+McQueen+to+merge+sex+and+horror+in+his+own+art+form%3F&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E95-%3C%2Fspan%3E108&rft.date=2021-06-20&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.21814%2F2i.3157&rft.issn=2184-7010&rft.aulast=Savan%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=M%C3%A9lissa+Diaby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frevistas.uminho.pt%2Findex.php%2F2i%2Farticle%2Fview%2F3157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomas2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dana_Thomas" title="Dana Thomas">Thomas, Dana</a> (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/godskingsrisefal0000thom/page/336/mode/2up">Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Penguin Publishing">Penguin Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-101-61795-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-101-61795-3"><bdi>978-1-101-61795-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gods+and+Kings%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+Alexander+McQueen+and+John+Galliano&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Penguin+Publishing&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-101-61795-3&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgodskingsrisefal0000thom%2Fpage%2F336%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWatt2012" class="citation book cs1">Watt, Judith (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/alexandermcqueen0000watt/">Alexander McQueen: The Life and the Legacy</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Harper_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper Design">Harper Design</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84796-085-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84796-085-6"><bdi>978-1-84796-085-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/892706946">892706946</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+McQueen%3A+The+Life+and+the+Legacy&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Harper+Design&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F892706946&rft.isbn=978-1-84796-085-6&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Falexandermcqueen0000watt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Claire_Wilcox" title="Claire Wilcox">Wilcox, Claire</a>, ed. (2015). Alexander McQueen. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Abrams_Books" title="Abrams Books">Abrams Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4197-1723-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4197-1723-9"><bdi>978-1-4197-1723-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/891618596">891618596</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+McQueen&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Abrams+Books&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F891618596&rft.isbn=978-1-4197-1723-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" />Bethune, Kate. "Encyclopedia of Collections". In <a href="#CITEREFWilcox2015">Wilcox (2015)</a>, pp. 303–326.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" />Breward, Christopher. "Su[i]ture: Tailoring & The Fashion Metropolis". In <a href="#CITEREFWilcox2015">Wilcox (2015)</a>, pp. 57–59.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/Susannah_Frankel" title="Susannah Frankel">Frankel, Susannah</a>. "The Early Years". In <a href="#CITEREFWilcox2015">Wilcox (2015)</a>, pp. 69–79.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" />O'Neill, Alistair. "The Shining and Chic". In <a href="#CITEREFWilcox2015">Wilcox (2015)</a>, pp. 261–280.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" />Rytter, Louise. "Central Saint Martins". In <a href="#CITEREFWilcox2015">Wilcox (2015)</a>, pp. 56–59.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" />Townsend, Eleanor. "Memento Mori". In <a href="#CITEREFWilcox2015">Wilcox (2015)</a>, pp. 159–163.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/Claire_Wilcox" title="Claire Wilcox">Wilcox, Claire</a>. "Edward Scissorhands". In <a href="#CITEREFWilcox2015">Wilcox (2015)</a>, pp. 25–33.</li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilson2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Wilson_(author)" title="Andrew Wilson (author)">Wilson, Andrew</a> (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/alexandermcqueen0000wils_r1n9/page/20/mode/2up?">Alexander McQueen: Blood Beneath the Skin</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Simon_and_Schuster" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon and Schuster">Simon and Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-7674-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-7674-3"><bdi>978-1-4767-7674-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+McQueen%3A+Blood+Beneath+the+Skin&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-4767-7674-3&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Falexandermcqueen0000wils_r1n9%2Fpage%2F20%2Fmode%2F2up%3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJack+the+Ripper+Stalks+His+Victims" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims">Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@documoda/video/7076208389214358790">Alexander McQueen's graduate collection "Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims" for Central St. Martins, 1992</a>, hosted by Documoda on <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tr5WZzm1I7Y">Isabella Blow: Fashion Galore! – Jack the Ripper Stalks his Victims</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alexander_McQueen101" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alexander_McQueen" title="Template:Alexander McQueen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alexander_McQueen" title="Template talk:Alexander McQueen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alexander_McQueen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alexander McQueen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alexander_McQueen101" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen" title="Alexander McQueen">Alexander McQueen</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Label</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(fashion_house)" title="Alexander McQueen (fashion house)">Alexander McQueen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Burton" title="Sarah Burton">Sarah Burton</a> (former creative director)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Alexander_McQueen_collections" title="List of Alexander McQueen collections">Collections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims</a> (1992 graduation collection)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Taxi Driver (Alexander McQueen collection)">Taxi Driver</a> (Autumn/Winter 1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihilism_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Nihilism (Alexander McQueen collection)">Nihilism</a> (Spring/Summer 1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Birds_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="The Birds (Alexander McQueen collection)">The Birds</a> (S/S 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Rape" title="Highland Rape">Highland Rape</a> (A/W 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hunger_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="The Hunger (Alexander McQueen collection)">The Hunger</a> (S/S 1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Dante (Alexander McQueen collection)">Dante</a> (A/W 1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%27s_a_Jungle_Out_There_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="It's a Jungle Out There (Alexander McQueen collection)">It's a Jungle Out There</a> (A/W 1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Joan (Alexander McQueen collection)">Joan</a> (A/W 1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Overlook_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="The Overlook (Alexander McQueen collection)">The Overlook</a> (A/W 1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Eye (Alexander McQueen collection)">Eye</a> (S/S 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voss_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Voss (Alexander McQueen collection)">Voss</a> (S/S 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/What_a_Merry-Go-Round" title="What a Merry-Go-Round">What a Merry-Go-Round</a> (A/W 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dance_of_the_Twisted_Bull" title="The Dance of the Twisted Bull">The Dance of the Twisted Bull</a> (S/S 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irere_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Irere (Alexander McQueen collection)">Irere</a> (S/S 2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scanners_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Scanners (Alexander McQueen collection)">Scanners</a> (A/W 2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheon_ad_Lucem" title="Pantheon ad Lucem">Pantheon ad Lucem</a> (A/W 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Knew_Too_Much_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="The Man Who Knew Too Much (Alexander McQueen collection)">The Man Who Knew Too Much</a> (A/W 2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Neptune (Alexander McQueen collection)">Neptune</a> (S/S 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden" title="The Widows of Culloden">The Widows of Culloden</a> (A/W 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Girl_Who_Lived_in_the_Tree" title="The Girl Who Lived in the Tree">The Girl Who Lived in the Tree</a> (A/W 2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Horn_of_Plenty" title="The Horn of Plenty">The Horn of Plenty</a> (A/W 2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angels_and_Demons_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)" title="Angels and Demons (Alexander McQueen collection)">Angels and Demons</a> (A/W 2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Designs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armadillo_shoe" title="Armadillo shoe">Armadillo shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumster" class="mw-redirect" title="Bumster">Bumster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illusion_of_Kate_Moss" title="Illusion of Kate Moss">Illusion of Kate Moss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_dress" title="Oyster dress">Oyster dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._13_Finale" title="No. 13 Finale">No. 13 finale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earthling_(album)#Title_and_packaging" title="Earthling (album)">Union Jack coat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty" title="Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty">Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty</a> (2011 exhibition)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gods_and_Kings:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Alexander_McQueen_and_John_Galliano" title="Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano">Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano</a> (2015 book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McQueen_(play)" title="McQueen (play)">McQueen</a> (2015 play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McQueen_(film)" title="McQueen (film)">McQueen</a> (2018 documentary film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Blow" title="Isabella Blow">Isabella Blow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaun_Leane_(jeweller)" title="Shaun Leane (jeweller)">Shaun Leane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXVIII_halftime_show_controversy" title="Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy">Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&oldid=1272863772">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&oldid=1272863772</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1990s_fashion" title="Category:1990s fashion">1990s fashion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alexander_McQueen_collections" title="Category:Alexander McQueen collections">Alexander McQueen collections</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:March_1992_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:March 1992 in the United Kingdom">March 1992 in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jack_the_Ripper" title="Category:Jack the Ripper">Jack the Ripper</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Theses" title="Category:Theses">Theses</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Featured_articles" title="Category:Featured articles">Featured articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_January_2024" title="Category:EngvarB from January 2024">EngvarB from January 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_January_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from January 2024">Use dmy dates from January 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 January 2025, at 14:40 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"> Search </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 1 language </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d5db9ff5-6cw7s","wgBackendResponseTime":173,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.171","walltime":"1.308","ppvisitednodes":{"value":12505,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":161047,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":17346,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":222270,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1188.511 1 -total"," 35.91% 426.838 140 Template:Sfn"," 24.25% 288.197 2 Template:Reflist"," 12.63% 150.101 14 Template:Cite_web"," 6.72% 79.884 151 Template:Main_other"," 6.39% 75.922 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.92% 70.354 1 Template:Alexander_McQueen"," 5.77% 68.569 1 Template:Navbox"," 4.66% 55.348 12 Template:Cite_book"," 4.48% 53.234 1 Template:Commonscat"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.711","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7545282,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFArmstrong2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAtherton2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBethune2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlow2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBolton2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBreward2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCallahan2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCartner-Morley2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarvell2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCooper2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavis2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoig2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElenowitz-Hess2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEvans2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFairerWilcox2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFogarty2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrankel2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrankel2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGleason2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeron-Langton2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHonigman2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKnight2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKnox2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLefave2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcWade2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiddleton2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoraBerry2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorris1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMower2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Neill2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Neill2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRytter2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSavané2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStansfeld2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomas2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomas2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTonti2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTownsend2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTran2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVaidyanathan2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatt2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilcox2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWoo2013\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 2,\n [\"Alexander McQueen\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 5,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 14,\n [\"Commonscat\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 3,\n [\"EngvarB\"] = 1,\n [\"Featured article\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvc\"] = 8,\n [\"Italictitle\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"ProQuest\"] = 1,\n [\"Quote box\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 140,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"YouTube\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5f44755944-tr92h","timestamp":"20250302040438","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q122397280","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q122397280","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2023-08-28T02:25:49Z","dateModified":"2025-01-30T14:40:57Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c5\/Coat_made_of_silk%2C_Alexander_McQueen%2C_Savage_Beauty.jpg","headline":"1992 Alexander McQueen fashion collection"}</script> </body> </html>