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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kontenut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Bidu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bidu_tal-Poplu_Feniċju" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bidu_tal-Poplu_Feniċju"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Bidu tal-Poplu Feniċju</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bidu_tal-Poplu_Feniċju-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kummerċ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kummerċ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kummerċ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kummerċ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Żmien_Puniku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Żmien_Puniku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Żmien Puniku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Żmien_Puniku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Feniċi_f'Malta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feniċi_f'Malta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Feniċi f'Malta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feniċi_f'Malta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenzi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenzi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referenzi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenzi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kontenut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aħbi jew uri l-werrej" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aħbi jew uri l-werrej</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Feniċi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Żur artiklu f'lingwa differenti. Disponibbli fi 100 lingwi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 lingwi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vetrina"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenisi%C3%AB" title="Fenisië – Afrikans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fenisië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8A%E1%8A%95%E1%89%84" title="ፊንቄ – Amhariku" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፊንቄ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhariku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="فينيقيا – Għarbi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فينيقيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Għarbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="فينيقيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فينيقيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finikiya" title="Finikiya – Ażerbajġani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Finikiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Ażerbajġani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="فنیقی‌لر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فنیقی‌لر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фінікія – Belarussu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фінікія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – Bulgaru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="ফিনিশিয়া – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফিনিশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikia" title="Fenikia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Fenikia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikija" title="Fenikija – Bożnijaku" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fenikija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bożnijaku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Финики – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Финики" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%ADcia" title="Fenícia – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fenícia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%AD-n%C3%A0%CC%A4-g%C4%AD" title="Pĭ-nà̤-gĭ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Pĭ-nà̤-gĭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penisya" title="Penisya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Penisya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9nicie" title="Fénicie – Ċek" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fénicie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ċek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffenicia" title="Ffenicia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffenicia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8nikien" title="Fønikien – Daniż" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fønikien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%B6nizien" title="Phönizien – Ġermaniż" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Phönizien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – Ingliż" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicio" title="Fenicio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fenicio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – Spanjol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanjol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foiniikia" title="Foiniikia – Estonjan" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Foiniikia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenizia" title="Fenizia – Bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fenizia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="فنیقی‌ها – Persjan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فنیقی‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foinikia" title="Foinikia – Finlandiż" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Foinikia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nicie" title="Phénicie – Franċiż" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phénicie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenysje" title="Fenysje – Frisian tal-Punent" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fenysje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian tal-Punent" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Fh%C3%A9in%C3%ADc" title="An Fhéiníc – Irlandiż" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Fhéiníc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicios" title="Fenicios – Galiċjan" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fenicios" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiċjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%94" title="פיניקיה – Ebrajk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיניקיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrajk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="फ़ोनीशिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ़ोनीशिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicija" title="Fenicija – Kroat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fenicija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6n%C3%ADcia" title="Fönícia – Ungeriż" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fönícia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungeriż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Փյունիկիա – Armen" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փյունիկիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A7" title="Փիւնիկէ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փիւնիկէ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsa_Fenisia" title="Bangsa Fenisia – Indoneżjan" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bangsa Fenisia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneżjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6n%C3%ADka" title="Föníka – Iżlandiż" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Föníka" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iżlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – Taljan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Taljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AD%E3%82%A2" title="フェニキア – Ġappuniż" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フェニキア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Ġappuniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsa_Fenisia" title="Bangsa Fenisia – Ġavaniż" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bangsa Fenisia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ġavaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფინიკია – Ġorġjan" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფინიკია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Ġorġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifniqen" title="Ifniqen – Kabuljan" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ifniqen" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabuljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – Każak" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Każak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%8B%88%ED%82%A4%EC%95%84" title="페니키아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페니키아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%AEn%C3%AEkya" title="Fînîkya – Kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fînîkya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – Kirgiż" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenices" title="Phoenices – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Phoenices" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenisia" title="Fenisia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Fenisia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finikija" title="Finikija – Litwan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Finikija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feni%C4%B7ija" title="Feniķija – Latvjan" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Feniķija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenisia" title="Fenisia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fenisia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Феникија – Maċedonjan" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Феникија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Maċedonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ഫിനീഷ്യൻ സംസ്കാരം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫിനീഷ്യൻ സംസ്കാരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Финик – Mongoljan" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Финик" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongoljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="फिनीशिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फिनीशिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%87" title="فینیقیه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فینیقیه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenici%C3%AB" title="Fenicië – Olandiż" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fenicië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Olandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8nikia" title="Fønikia – Ninorsk Norveġiż" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fønikia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Ninorsk Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8nikia" title="Fønikia – Bokmal Norveġiż" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fønikia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – Oċċitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oċċitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiinishiyaa" title="Fiinishiyaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Fiinishiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਫੋਨੀਸ਼ੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫੋਨੀਸ਼ੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicja" title="Fenicja – Pollakk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fenicja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pollakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="فونیقی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فونیقی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فینیکیان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فینیکیان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%ADcia" title="Fenícia – Portugiż" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fenícia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicia" title="Fenicia – Rumen" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fenicia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Финикия – Russu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Финикия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%ACtzios" title="Fenìtzios – Sardinjan" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Fenìtzios" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finici" title="Finici – Sqalli" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Finici" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sqalli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicie" title="Phoenicie – Skoċċiż" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Phoenicie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skoċċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikija" title="Fenikija – Serbo-Kroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fenikija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="පීනිෂියාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පීනිෂියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feni%C4%8Dania" title="Feničania – Slovakk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Feničania" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicija" title="Fenicija – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fenicija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikasit" title="Fenikasit – Albaniż" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fenikasit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Феникија – Serb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Феникија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenicien" title="Fenicien – Żvediż" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fenicien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Żvediż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finisia" title="Finisia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Finisia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="போனீசியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போனீசியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ฟินิเชีย – Tajlandiż" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟินิเชีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenikeliler" title="Fenikeliler – Tork" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fenikeliler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tork" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фінікія – Ukren" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фінікія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukren" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="فونیقی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فونیقی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finikiya" title="Finikiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Finikiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenici" title="Fenici – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fenici" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – Vjetnamiż" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vjetnamiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenisya" title="Fenisya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Fenisya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%93%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%BA" title="腓尼基 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="腓尼基" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფინიკია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფინიკია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%93%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%BA" title="腓尼基 – Ċiniż" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="腓尼基" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Ċiniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Phoenicia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%93%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%BA" title="腓尼基 – Kantoniż" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mt" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Phoenician_Language.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Phoenician_Language.png/279px-Phoenician_Language.png" decoding="async" width="279" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Phoenician_Language.png/419px-Phoenician_Language.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Phoenician_Language.png/558px-Phoenician_Language.png 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="608" /></a><figcaption>Il-Feniċi kkolonjalizzaw il-postijiet kollha mmarkati bl-oranġjo</figcaption></figure> <p>Il-<b>Feniċi</b> kienu poplu mil-Lvant Nofsani, min-naħat ta' fuq ta' fejn illum il-pjanuri tal-Lebanon, is-Sirja u l-Palestina. </p><p>Iċ-ċiviltà Feniċja kienet waħda bbażata fuq il-kummerċ marittimu li tferrxet tul il-<a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%A7ar_Mediterran" class="mw-redirect" title="Baħar Mediterran">Baħar Mediterran</a> fl-ewwel millenju <a href="/wiki/QK" class="mw-redirect" title="QK">Q.K</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anki jekk in-nies ta' dawk ir-reġjuni kienu jsejħu lilhom infushom <i>Kanaaniti</i>, l-isem <i>Feniċi</i> ingħata mill-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Griegi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Griegi (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Griegi</a>, li kienu jsejħulhom <i>Phoiniki - Φοινίκη (Phoiníkē)</i>; il-kelma Griega għal <i>Feniċi</i> kienet sinonimu ta' kulur vjola fl-aħmar, bil-Grieg <i>φοινίξ (phoinix)</i>, minħabba l-fatt li l-Feniċi kienu jikkummerċjaw drapp miżbugħ b'dan dan il-kulur. Dan il-kulur jinsab fil-bekkum, bebbuxu tal-baħar (isem xjentifiku: <i>Murex trunculus</i>. </p><p>Il-Feniċi baqgħu jkattru r-rotot kummerċjali tagħhom u kienu waqqfu kolonji matul il-vjaġġi tagħhom, bħal <a href="/wiki/Karta%C4%A1ni" title="Kartaġni">Kartaġni</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lilybaeum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lilybaeum (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Lilybaeum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanja" title="Spanja">Spanja</a>, Sardinja, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> u anki mal-kosta Afrikana fl-Atlantiku. </p><p>Il-Feniċi kienu jitkellmu ilsien Semitiku imsejjaħ <i>Puniku</i> mir-<a href="/wiki/Imperu_Ruman" title="Imperu Ruman">Rumani</a>, minħabba li l-kelma għal <i>vjola</i> bil-<a href="/wiki/Lingwa_Latina" title="Lingwa Latina">Latin</a> kienet <i>Puniceus</i>. Anki jekk il-Feniċi biż-żmien naqsu mill-kummerċ tagħhom, xorta il-kultura tagħhom baqgħet ħajja matul is-sekli madwar il-Mediterran kollu. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bidu_tal-Poplu_Feniċju"><span id="Bidu_tal-Poplu_Feni.C4.8Bju"></span>Bidu tal-Poplu Feniċju</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Bidu tal-Poplu Feniċju" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Bidu tal-Poplu Feniċju"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Huwa diffiċli li wieħed jistabbilixxi data u post partikolari għal kif u fejn oriġinaw il-Feniċi bħala poplu distint minn ċiviltajiet u tribujiet kontemporanji oħra. Dan għaliex dawn kienu jgħixu fi bliet separati minn xulxin b'art muntanjuża, u kull waħda minn dawn l-ibliet kellha t-tmexxija awtonoma tagħha. Minkejja li ma kienx hemm gvern wieħed li jikkmanda dawn l-ibliet f'daqqa, xorta dawn kellhom karatteristiċi li jgħaqqduhom flimkien bħala ċiviltà omoġenja. Il-Feniċi ma kienu ħadd għajr ħlief il-Kananiti li jissemmew fil-<a href="/wiki/Bibbja" title="Bibbja">Kotba Mqaddsa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dawn kienu jabitaw fl-ibliet ta' <a href="/wiki/Tyre" title="Tyre">Tir</a>, Sidon, <a href="/wiki/Byblos" title="Byblos">Byblos</a>, Akka, u Serepta fost oħrajn;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kollha bliet max-xtut tal-Libanu, is-Sirja u f'partijiet tal-kosta Palestinjana fejn illum hemm l-istat ta' <a href="/wiki/I%C5%BCrael" title="Iżrael">Iżrael</a>. Biż-żmien dawn l-abitanti kienu spiċċaw imrekkna fil-pjanuri ta' qrib ix-xtut tal-Lvant Nofsani, minħabba li madwar l-1200 Q.K. sar ħafna ċaqliq ta' popli fil-Lvant Nofsani, meta daħlu l-Filistini, l-Iżraeliti, popli li emigraw mill-<a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%A7ar_E%C4%A1ew" title="Baħar Eġew">Eġew</a> u l-Balkani (magħrufa bl-Ingliż bħala s-Sea Raiders jew is-<i>Sea Peoples</i>) kif ukoll tribujiet li qarrbu lejn l-art tal-<a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a>, min-naħa tat-Tramunta bħal ma kienu l-Aramej. </p><p>B'mod ironiku, ħafna mill-materjal arkeoloġiku li hu attribwit strettament għall-poplu Feniċju ma nstabx f'dawn l-ibliet imsemmija hawn fuq iżda 'l bogħod minn arthom, f'siti arkeoloġiċi mxerrda madwar il-Mediterran kollu. Fil-vjaġġi tagħhom, il-Feniċi tħalltu ma' ħafna nies u dawn il-baħħara-negozjanti influwenzaw b'diversi modi lil bosta popli, filwaqt li fl-istess ħin huma ġew influwenzati minnhom. L-ilsien tal-Feniċi kien wieħed mid-djaletti Semitiċi li żviluppaw fil-Lvant Nofsani. Kontemporanju mal-ilsien Feniċju kien hemm l-<a href="/wiki/Aramajk_ta%27_%C4%A0es%C3%B9" title="Aramajk ta' Ġesù">Aramajk</a> kif ukoll l-ilsien <a href="/wiki/Ebrajk" title="Ebrajk">Ebrajk</a>. Wieħed jista' jibda' jidentifika l-Feniċi bħala poplu distint, b'ċertezza minn madwar l-1200 Q.K.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il-Feniċi juru min huma b'diversi modi, mhux biss fl-ilsien tagħhom iżda anki fit-twemmin reliġjuż u r-ritwali tagħhom, kif ukoll fil-kwalità tax-xogħlijiet artiġjanali, l-aktar fil-fuħħar, fix-xogħol ornamentali, fid-deheb, fil-vażetti tal-ħġieġ u fid-drapp ħamrani-vjola li tant kien magħruf mal-Mediterran kollu. Dan tal-aħħar x'aktarx kien ir-raġuni prinċipali għaliex il-Feniċi bdew jikkummerċjaw ma' nies tant 'il bogħod minn arthom. Fuq il-fuħħar kienu jħobbu jiddisinjaw linji ġeometriċi, spirali u linji mmewġa, disinji ta' pjanti, l-aktar il-weraq tal-palm, u disinji ta' <a href="/wiki/Annimal" title="Annimal">annimali</a>, bosta minnhom ispirati mill-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatolja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anatolja (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Anatolja</a>, mis-Sirja, mill-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesopotamja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesopotamja (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Mesopotamja</a>, u aktar u aktar mill-arti <a href="/wiki/E%C4%A1ittu" title="Eġittu">Eġizzjana</a>. Dawn l-<a href="/wiki/Arti%C4%A1jan" title="Artiġjan">artiġjana</a> kienu jagħmlu wkoll dekorazzjoni bl-avorju fuq l-<a href="/wiki/Injam" title="Injam">injam</a> b'dettalji artistiċi.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modi oħra kif jiġu identifikati l-Feniċi huma mill-kitba tagħhom. Għall-ewwel darba fl-<a href="/wiki/Storja" title="Storja">istorja</a> il-Feniċi żviluppaw alfabett magħmul minn kwantità ta' karattri li kull wieħed minnhom jirrappreżentaw ħoss ta' konsonant. Din il-kitba ġiet studjata mill-esperti u ddeċifrata b'mod li l-kitba Feniċja tista' tinqara'. Aktar tard, ma' dawn il-konsonanti, il-Griegi żiedu l-karattri li jirrappreżentaw il-ħsejjes tal-vokali biex b'hekk għaqqdu alfabett simili għal dak li nafu bih illum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kummerċ"><span id="Kummer.C4.8B"></span>Kummerċ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Kummerċ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kummerċ"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Madwar l-1000 Q.K., il-Feniċi kienu bdew jivvjaġġaw fuq l-imriekeb tagħhom biex jinnegozjaw l-aktar mal-abitanti ta' <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Aipru" title="Ċipru">Ċipru</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hemm stabbilew kolonja permanenti fejn setgħu jinnegozjaw u jpartu d-drapp ħamrani-vjola tagħhom mar-ram (<i>Kúpros</i> - l-isem ta' Ċipru - ifisser ram). Minn Ċipru kienu wkoll jimpurtaw il-<a href="/wiki/%C4%A6adid" title="Ħadid">ħadid</a> u d-deheb li f'dik il-gżira huma materja prima.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intant l-isem "Feniċi", ingħata lilhom mill-Griegi - <i>Phoinikes,</i> referenza għad drapp ħamrani li l-Feniċi kienu jesportaw. Din ir-referenza ma kinitx tirreferi għall-poplu kollu Feniċju, iżda aktar għal dawk in-negozjanti li jbigħu d-drapp ħamrani. Intant il-Feniċi kienu jsejħu lilhom infushom, Kananiti (bl-Akkadjan: <i>Kinakhnu</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L-istess l-Eġizzjani kienu jafuhom ukoll b'dan l-isem. </p><p>Sat-tmien seklu Q.K., il-Feniċi kienu diġà bdew jinfirxu u jinnegozjaw madwar il-Mediterran kollu. Huma kienu stabbilew preżenza f'bosta portijiet għall-kummerċ f'diversi prodotti artiġjanali. Intant hawn min jgħid li l-Feniċi kienu wkoll jagħmluha ta' sensara jew intermedjarji biex ibigħu l-prodotti ta' ħaddieħor.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minħabba dan in-negozju kontinwu, dawn stabbilew l-aġenti tagħhom f'bosta portijiet u dawn min-naħa tagħhom ġabu lil qrabathom biex jgħixu magħhom b'mod permanenti. B'hekk inħolqu bil-mod il-mod il-kolonji Feniċi b'mod paċifiku u naturali. Wieħed minn dawn il-postijiet kien f'Kartaġni, fit-<a href="/wiki/Tune%C5%BCija" title="Tuneżija">Tuneżija</a>; Kart Ħadaxt tfisser, il-Belt il-Ġdida. Minn kolonja Feniċja, din il-belt kibret sew u saret belt ekonomikament u militarment b'saħħitha, tant li kienet saret indipendenti u superjuri għall-ibliet minn fejn oriġinaw il-kolonizzaturi Feniċi. Intant, sa 574 Q.K. Tir, l-iktar belt Feniċja importanti ġiet meqruda, filwaqt li Kartaġni kompliet tiffjorixxi u ħolqot anki l-kolonji satellitari għaliha fi Spanja, f'Sardenja, fil-gżejjer Baleariċi, u f'Mozja, gżira żgħira qrib Marsala. fi Sqallija. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Żmien_Puniku"><span id=".C5.BBmien_Puniku"></span>Żmien Puniku</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Żmien Puniku" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Żmien Puniku"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mis-seklu ħamsa Q.K. 'il quddiem, il-<a href="/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura">kultura</a> Feniċja fil-Mediterran ġiet eġemonizzata minn dik tal-<a href="/wiki/Karta%C4%A1ni" title="Kartaġni">Kartaġiniżi</a>. Minn hawn, l-istoriċi jibdew jirreferu għal din il-kultura li saret ibbażata aktar fil-Punent tal-Mediterran, bħala waħda Punika. It-terminu "Puniku" jirreferi b'mod ġeneriku għall-kultura Feniċja ta' wara l-ħames seklu Q.K. b'referenza għal Kartaġni bħala l-bażi prinċipali.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Feniċi_f'Malta"><span id="Feni.C4.8Bi_f.27Malta"></span>Feniċi f'Malta</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Feniċi f'Malta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Feniċi f'Malta"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mhux magħruf għaliex il-Feniċi bdew jikkummerċjaw ma' Malta. Anzi hemm dubju jekk kinux jikkummerċjaw ma' Malta. Dan għas-sempliċi raġuni li Malta ma kellha l-ebda materja prima li biha wieħed seta' jpartat mal-prodotti offruti mill-baħħara-negozjanti Feniċi.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> X'aktarx l-ewwel darba li l-Feniċi tefgħu saqajhom l-art kien minħabba li Malta kienet tinsab fi triqithom lejn artijiet oħra u setgħu jagħmlu waqfa fil-portijiet ta' Malta matul il-vjaġġ twil tagħhom. <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Jista' jkun ukoll li hawn kien isir xi tiswijiet u manutenzjoni fuq l-imriekeb tagħhom qabel ma jkomplu l-vjaġġ.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minħabba li l-Lvant ta' Sqallija kien diġà kkolonizzat mill-Griegi, il-Feniċi qatt ma stabbilew ruħhom f'dawk in-naħat ta' Sqallija.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Biss, stabbilew kolonja Feniċja fuq il-gżira ta' Mozja, gżira qrib <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marsala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marsala (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Marsala</a>. Dan ifisser li biex il-baħħara setgħu jaslu Mozja u warajha jaqsmu għal Kartaġni jew Sardinja, riedu jgħaddu mill-Kanal ta' Sqallija u għalhekk qrib Malta. F'Malta setgħu jtellgħu fl-imriekeb tagħhom l-art biex jinxef l-injam mill-ilmu li kien beda jtaqqlu, u biex ifornu lilhom infushom bl-ilma tax-xorb u l-ikel għall-bqija tal-vjaġġ. Biex jingħata l-proviżjon u servizzi oħra, l-abitanti Maltin kienu ipartu mall-prodotti li l-Feniċi kienu qed iġorru magħhom abbord.   </p><p><br /> <b><big>Fdalijiet Feniċi f'Malta</big></b> </p><p>L-eqdem fdalijiet ta' oġġetti, binjiet u oqbra Feniċji li nstabu f'Malta jmorru lura għall-aħħar tat-tmien / bidu tas-seba' seklu Q.K.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dawn in-nies baħħara x'aktarx lbaħħru mal-kosta tat-Tramuntana tal-Mediterran, u għamlu diversi waqfiet, l-aħħar waħda tkun fi Kreta, imbagħad salpaw lejn Malta fejn kienu jaslu wara xi erbatax il-jum.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minħabba f'hekk instabu oġġetti li jagħtu wieħed x'jifhem li dawn il-baħħara tħaltu u partu ma' dawn in-nies. Jidher li wara xi ftit, il-Feniċi mhux biss bbażaw ruħhom madwar il-portijiet Maltin, bħal f'<a href="/wiki/Marsaxlokk" title="Marsaxlokk">Marsaxlokk</a>, fejn bnew tempju iddedikat lil <a href="/w/index.php?title=Axtarte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Axtarte (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Axtarte</a> fuq l-għolja ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tas-Sil%C4%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tas-Silġ (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Tas-Silġ</a>. Fl-iskavi li saru fl-aħħar snin fl-<a href="/wiki/Mdina" class="mw-redirect" title="Mdina">Imdina</a>, u f'oqbra fl-Imtarfa u Għajn Qajjet instabu bosta indikazzjonijiet li l-Feniċi kienu wara xi ġenerazzjonijiet bdew anki jgħixu hemm b'mod permanenti, minkejja li l-Imdina hi 'l bogħod mill-portijiet. Dan ifisser li kien hemm min telaq x-xogħol ta' baħħar u daħal għal xogħol u ħajja oħra anki dik agrikola. <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fost affarijiet li nstabu fl-inħawi tar-<a href="/wiki/Rabat_(Malta)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabat (Malta)">Rabat</a> hemm is-sarkofagu li nstab f'Ħal Barka, illum esebit fil-Mużew tal-Arkeoloġija fil-<a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Belt Valletta</a>. Dan it-tebut hu magħmul kollu kemm hu mit-tafal u hu ta' stil Eġizzju-Rodjan.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instabet ukoll bieqja b'disinji ta' <a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7asfur" title="Għasfur">għasafar</a> fuqha, u kalċi li żgur kienu xogħol artiġjanali Grieg. Il-fuħħar miżbugħ bl-aħmar u msajjar darbtejn biex ileqq (<i>Red slip ware</i>) jindika li dan ix-xogħol kien isir Malta,fl-eqdem żminijiet li l-Feniċi stabbilew ruħhom hemm.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instabu wkoll diversi amuletti li juru li l-Feniċi kienu jemmnu mhux biss fl-allat tagħhom, bħal Melkart, Ba'al u Axtarte, iżda anki f'allat Eġizzjani bħal Anubis, Horus, u Isis. Ix-xbieha tagħhom kienet ta' spiss tidher fuq l-amuletti li kienu jintlibsu bħala taliżmani biex jipproteġu lilhom infushom minn kull periklu, kemm dak fiżiku kif ukoll dak spiritwali. Ma' dawn instabu amuletti bis-simbolu tal-għajn (l-<i>uġjat),</i> bħala simbolu tal-alla Eġizzjan, Horus. Ma' dawn instab l-Ankħ - is-simbolu tal-ħajja li jidher kemm-il darba f'idejn il-farawni Eġizzjani. Skont Antonia Cesca dawn ħafna drabi kienu impurtati minn Kartaġni.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>F'Malta l-ismijiet tal-allat Feniċi jidhru kemm-il darba f'diversi iskrizzjonijiet. L-isem ta' Axtarte, l-alla mara, instab kemm-il darba mnaqqax fuq il-fuħħar, fit-tempju Tas-Silġ. Bħal f'Kartaġni u f'Mozja, f'Malta jidher li kien isir is-sagrifiċċju uman - magħruf bħala, il-<i>molk</i>. Din kienet użanza fejn, skont kif jingħad, l-ewwel tifel imwieled fil-familja, ta' xi disa' snin, kien jinqatel u jinħaraq bħala sagrifiċċju lill-alla Ba'al. Il-post ta' dan is-sagrifiċċju hu magħruf bħala t-<i>tofet</i>. Għalkemm dan it-<i>tofet</i> qatt ma nstab f'Malta, biss fl-inħawi tal-Virtù, ir-Rabat, instabet stelae (lapida funerarja) u disinn ta' stelae oħra bl-istess tip ta' skrizzjonijiet li jsemmu l-offerta tal-Molk lill-alla Ba'al Ħamon.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fil-218 Q.K., Malta ġiet maħkuma mir-<a href="/wiki/Imperu_Ruman" title="Imperu Ruman">Rumani</a>. Biss, jidher li dan l-avveniment militari u politiku ma rnexxilux joqtol u jidfen il-kultura Feniċjo-Punika, għax anki waqt il-perjodu Ruman, sa sekli wara, l-ilsien Puniku baqa' mitkellem u miktub mill-abitanti Maltin. Dan hu vverifikat mill-iskrizzjonijiet Puniċi u Griegi li instabu fuq iż-żewġ ċippi li nstabu f'Marsaxlokk, li jmorru lura għas-seklu 2 Q.K. </p><p>Nota tal-aħħar dwar il-Feniċi: Meta Santu Wistin (354- 430 AD), saqsa lil xi bdiewa li kienu jgħixu qrib Kartaġni min huma, dawn wiġbuh li huma kienu Kananiti.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenzi">Referenzi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Referenzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feni%C4%8Bi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Referenzi"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r272200">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Phoenicia">"Phoenicia | Definition, Location, History, Religion, & Facts"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i> (bl-Ingliż)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2021-08-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Phoenicia+%7C+Definition%2C+Location%2C+History%2C+Religion%2C+%26+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FPhoenicia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r256707">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Scott, John C (2018). "The Phoenicians and the Formation of the Western World". <i>Comparative Civilizations Review</i>. <b>78</b> (78).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Quinn, Josephine Crawley (2017). <i>In Search of the Phoenicians</i>. Princeton University Press. ISBN <bdi>978-1-4008-8911-2</bdi>. pp. 2, 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFrendo" class="citation book cs1">Frendo, Anthony. <i><span></span>'Some Observations on the investigation of the Phoenicians / Canaanites in teh ancient Mediterranean world', Journal of Mediterranean Studies, 1993. 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Media Centre. p. 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Malta++Archeological+Review+Issue+2+1999&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Media+Centre&rft.aulast=Ciasca&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCiasca" class="citation book cs1">Ciasca, Antonia. <i><span></span>'Malta' I Feniċi Ed. Sabatino Moscati</i>. p. 206.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Malta%27+I+Feni%C4%8Bi+Ed.+Sabatino+Moscati&rft.pages=206&rft.aulast=Ciasca&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGonzalez" class="citation book cs1">Gonzalez, Pablo Vidal. <i>Malta in Phoenician and Punic times -Malta Archaeological Review, Issue 3, 1999</i>. Media Centre. p. 26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Malta+in+Phoenician+and+Punic+times+-Malta+Archaeological+Review%2C+Issue+3%2C+1999&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Media+Centre&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Pablo+Vidal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGonzalez" class="citation book cs1">Gonzalez, Pablo Vidal. <i>Malta in Phoenician and Punic Times - Malta Archaeological Review Issue 3, 1999</i>. p. 26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Malta+in+Phoenician+and+Punic+Times+-+Malta+Archaeological+Review+Issue+3%2C+1999&rft.pages=26&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Pablo+Vidal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBonanno" class="citation book cs1">Bonanno, Anthony. <i>Malta - Phoenician, Punic, and Roman</i>. pp. 22–32, p. 48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Malta+-+Phoenician%2C+Punic%2C+and+Roman&rft.pages=22-32%2C+p.+48&rft.aulast=Bonanno&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGonzalez" class="citation book cs1">Gonzalez, Pablo Vidal. <i><span></span>'Malta in Phoenician and Punic times' Malta Archaeological Review, Issue 3, 1999</i>. p. 26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Malta+in+Phoenician+and+Punic+times%27+Malta+Archaeological+Review%2C+Issue+3%2C+1999&rft.pages=26&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Pablo+Vidal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGouder" class="citation book cs1">Gouder, Tancred C. <i><span></span>'Malta and the Phoenicians' Lombard Bank (Malta) Ltd - Annual Report 1991</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Malta+and+the+Phoenicians%27+Lombard+Bank+%28Malta%29+Ltd+-+Annual+Report+1991.&rft.aulast=Gouder&rft.aufirst=Tancred+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBonanno" class="citation book cs1">Bonanno, Anthony. <i>Malta - Phoenician, Punic, and Roman</i>. p. 54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Malta+-+Phoenician%2C+Punic%2C+and+Roman&rft.pages=54&rft.aulast=Bonanno&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCesca" class="citation book cs1">Cesca, Antonia. <i><span></span>'Malta' - I Feniċi Ed. Sabatino Moscati (Bompani)</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Malta%27+-+I+Feni%C4%8Bi+Ed.+Sabatino+Moscati+%28Bompani%29&rft.aulast=Cesca&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGouder" class="citation book cs1">Gouder, Tancred C. <i><span></span>'Accenni su Malta Fenicia' -Malta Archaeological Review, Issue 3, 1999</i>. p. 19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Accenni+su+Malta+Fenicia%27+-Malta+Archaeological+Review%2C+Issue+3%2C+1999&rft.pages=19&rft.aulast=Gouder&rft.aufirst=Tancred+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBonanno" class="citation book cs1">Bonanno, Anthony. <i>Malta - Phoenician, Punic, and Roman</i>. p. 40.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Malta+-+Phoenician%2C+Punic%2C+and+Roman&rft.pages=40&rft.aulast=Bonanno&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFrendo" class="citation book cs1">Frendo, Anthony. <i><span></span>'Some observations on the investigation of the Phoenicians / Canaanites in the ancient Mediterranean world', Journal of Mediterranean Studies, 1993, Vol. 3 No. 2</i>. p. 170.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Some+observations+on+the+investigation+of+the+Phoenicians+%2F+Canaanites+in+the+ancient+Mediterranean+world%27%2C+Journal+of+Mediterranean+Studies%2C+1993%2C+Vol.+3+No.+2&rft.pages=170.&rft.aulast=Frendo&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AFeni%C4%8Bi" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table class="navbox noprint collapsible Repubblika ta' Malta nowraplinks" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; margin:auto; background:white;background:white;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;width:100%;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;;border:none;; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/Mudell:Repubblika_ta%27_Malta" title="Mudell:Repubblika ta' Malta"><span title="Ara dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">a</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussjoni_mudell:Repubblika_ta%27_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskussjoni mudell:Repubblika ta' Malta (il-paġna ma teżistix)"><span title="Diskussjoni fuq dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mudell:Repubblika_ta%27_Malta&action=edit"><span title="Immodifika dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;;">m</span></a></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></span></th> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Storja_ta%27_Malta" title="Kategorija:Storja ta' Malta">Storja</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Tempji_Megaliti%C4%8Bi_ta%27_Malta_u_G%C4%A7awdex" title="Tempji Megalitiċi ta' Malta u Għawdex">Tempji Megalitiċi ta' Malta u Għawdex</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Feniċi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karta%C4%A1ni" title="Kartaġni">Kartaġni</a> • <a href="/wiki/Repubblika_Rumana" title="Repubblika Rumana">Repubblika Rumana</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qbid_ta%E2%80%99_Malta_(218_QK)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qbid ta’ Malta (218 QK) (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Qbid ta’ Malta (218 QK)</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Imperu_Ruman" title="Imperu Ruman">Imperu Ruman</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malta_Bi%C5%BCantina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malta Biżantina (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Malta Biżantina</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renju_ta%E2%80%99_Sqallija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renju ta’ Sqallija (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Renju ta’ Sqallija</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inva%C5%BCjoni_Normanna_ta%27_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Invażjoni Normanna ta' Malta (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Invażjoni Normanna</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battalja_ta_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battalja ta Malta (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Battalja ta Malta</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Assedju_ta%27_Malta_(1429)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assedju ta' Malta (1429) (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Assedju ta' Malta (1429)</a>) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BBmien_il-Kavallieri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Żmien il-Kavallieri (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Żmien il-Kavallieri</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inva%C5%BCjoni_ta%27_G%C4%A7awdex_(1551)" title="Invażjoni ta' Għawdex (1551)">Invażjoni ta' Għawdex (1551)‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Assedju_ta%27_Malta_(1565)" title="Assedju ta' Malta (1565)">Assedju ta' Malta (1565)‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rewwixta_tal-Qassisin" title="Rewwixta tal-Qassisin">Rewwixta tal-Qassisin</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Konfoffa_tal-ilsiera" class="mw-redirect" title="Konfoffa tal-ilsiera">Konfoffa tal-ilsiera‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Malta_ta%C4%A7t_il-Fran%C4%8Bi%C5%BCi" title="Malta taħt il-Franċiżi">Okkupazzjoni Franċiża‎</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inva%C5%BCjoni_Fran%C4%8Bi%C5%BCa_ta%27_Malta" title="Invażjoni Franċiża ta' Malta">Invażjoni‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Assedju_ta%27_Malta_(1798%E2%80%931800)" title="Assedju ta' Malta (1798–1800)">Assedju</a> • <a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7awdex_(stat_indipendenti)" title="Għawdex (stat indipendenti)">Għawdex Indipendenti‎</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Protettorat_ta%27_Malta" title="Protettorat ta' Malta">Protettorat ta' Malta‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kolonja_ta%27_Malta" title="Kolonja ta' Malta">Kolonja ta' Malta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stat_ta%27_Malta" title="Stat ta' Malta">Stat ta' Malta‎</a></td><td rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:middle; padding-left:7px; width:0%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="859" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C4%A0eografija_ta%27_Malta" title="Kategorija:Ġeografija ta' Malta">Ġeografija</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;background:#f7f7f7;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%A7ar_Mediterran" class="mw-redirect" title="Baħar Mediterran">Baħar Mediterran</a> • <a href="/wiki/G%C5%BCejjer_ta%27_San_Pawl" title="Gżejjer ta' San Pawl">Gżejjer ta' San Pawl</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kemmuna" title="Kemmuna">Kemmuna</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kemmunett" title="Kemmunett">Kemmunett</a> • <a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7awdex" title="Għawdex">Għawdex</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filfla" title="Filfla">Filfla</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Kultura_ta%27_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Kategorija:Kultura ta' Malta">Kultura</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Letteratura_ta%27_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Letteratura ta' Malta">Letteratura ta' Malta</a> • <a href="/wiki/K%C4%8Bina_Maltija" title="Kċina Maltija">Kċina Maltija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Reli%C4%A1jon_f%27Malta" title="Reliġjon f'Malta">Reliġjon f'Malta</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Politika_ta%27_Malta" title="Kategorija:Politika ta' Malta">Politika</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;background:#f7f7f7;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kamra_tad-Deputati_ta%27_Malta" title="Kamra tad-Deputati ta' Malta">Kamra tad-Deputati ta' Malta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kunsilli_lokali_ta%27_Malta" title="Kunsilli lokali ta' Malta">Kunsilli lokali ta' Malta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alternattiva_Demokratika" title="Alternattiva Demokratika">Alternattiva Demokratika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Imperium_Europa" title="Imperium Europa">Imperium Europa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Partit_Laburista_(Malta)" title="Partit Laburista (Malta)">Partit Laburista (Malta)</a> • <a href="/wiki/Partit_Nazzjonalista_(Malta)" title="Partit Nazzjonalista (Malta)">Partit Nazzjonalista (Malta)</a> • <a href="/wiki/Volt_Malta" title="Volt Malta">Volt Malta</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Ekonomija_ta%27_Malta" title="Kategorija:Ekonomija ta' Malta">Ekonomija</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bank_%C4%8Aentrali_ta%27_Malta" title="Bank Ċentrali ta' Malta">Bank Ċentrali ta' Malta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ewro" title="Ewro">Ewro</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bor%C5%BCa_ta%27_Malta" title="Borża ta' Malta">Borża ta' Malta</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tassazzjoni_f%27Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tassazzjoni f'Malta (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Tassazzjoni</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trasport_f%27Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trasport f'Malta (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Trasport</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ener%C4%A1ija_f%27Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enerġija f'Malta (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Enerġija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Komunikazzjoni_f%27Malta" title="Komunikazzjoni f'Malta">Komunikazzjoni</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Edukazzjoni_f%27Malta" title="Kategorija:Edukazzjoni f'Malta">Edukazzjoni</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;background:#f7f7f7;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_ta%27_Malta" title="Università ta' Malta">Università ta' Malta</a> • <a href="/wiki/MCAST" title="MCAST">MCAST</a></td> </tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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