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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lae" title="Lae – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lae" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai_(g%C3%A8nere_literari)" title="Lai (gènere literari) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lai (gènere literari)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lejch" title="Lejch – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lejch" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai_(Dichtung)" title="Lai (Dichtung) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lai (Dichtung)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai_(luulevorm)" title="Lai (luulevorm) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lai (luulevorm)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lay" title="Lay – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lay" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lajo_(poezio)" title="Lajo (poezio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lajo (poezio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai_(po%C3%A9sie)" title="Lai (poésie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lai (poésie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai" title="Lai – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lai" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai_(poesia)" title="Lai (poesia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lai (poesia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC_(%E8%A9%A9%E5%BD%A2)" title="レー (詩形) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レー (詩形)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai" title="Lai – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lai" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai" title="Lai – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lai" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5" title="Ле – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ле" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai" title="Lai – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lai" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai" title="Lai – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lai" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5_(%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80)" title="Ле (жанр) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ле (жанр)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Medieval_music" title="Category:Medieval music">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:140%;"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_music" title="Medieval music">Medieval music</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:orange"> Overview</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_composers" title="List of medieval composers">Composers</a>  / <a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_musical_instruments" class="mw-redirect" title="List of medieval musical instruments">Instruments</a> / <a href="/wiki/Medieval_music_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval music theory">Theory</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_music_theorists" title="List of medieval music theorists">Theorists</a>)</div><hr /></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Movements and schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Gall" title="Abbey of Saint Gall">Saint Gall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Martial_school" title="Saint Martial school">Saint Martial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliard" class="mw-redirect" title="Goliard">Goliard</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ars_antiqua" title="Ars antiqua">Ars antiqua</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame_school" title="Notre-Dame school">Notre-Dame school</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troubadour" title="Troubadour">Troubadour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trouv%C3%A8re" title="Trouvère">Trouvère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesang" title="Minnesang">Minnesang</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ars_nova" title="Ars nova">Ars nova</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Trecento" title="Music of the Trecento">Trecento</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ars_subtilior" title="Ars subtilior">Ars subtilior</a></i></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Major figures</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Notker_the_Stammerer" title="Notker the Stammerer">Notker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_of_Arezzo" title="Guido of Arezzo">Guido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_of_Bingen" title="Hildegard of Bingen">Hildegard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernart_de_Ventadorn" title="Bernart de Ventadorn">Bernart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_von_der_Vogelweide" title="Walther von der Vogelweide">Walther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9rotin" title="Pérotin">Pérotin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_de_la_Halle" title="Adam de la Halle">Adam de la Halle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_of_Cologne" title="Franco of Cologne">Franco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_Vitry" title="Philippe de Vitry">de Vitry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Machaut" title="Guillaume de Machaut">Machaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Landini" title="Francesco Landini">Landini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Ciconia" title="Johannes Ciconia">Ciconia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dunstaple" title="John Dunstaple">Dunstaple</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Major forms</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canso_(song)" title="Canso (song)">Canso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conductus" title="Conductus">Conductus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formes_fixes" title="Formes fixes">Formes fixes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballade_(forme_fixe)" title="Ballade (forme fixe)">Ballade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondeau_(forme_fixe)" title="Rondeau (forme fixe)">Rondeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virelai" title="Virelai">Virelai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geisslerlieder" title="Geisslerlieder">Geisslerlied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian chant</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauda_(song)" title="Lauda (song)">Lauda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_drama" title="Liturgical drama">Liturgical drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrigal_(Trecento)" title="Madrigal (Trecento)">Madrigal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motet" title="Motet">Motet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organum" title="Organum">Organum</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planctus" title="Planctus">Planctus</a></i></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_music" title="Renaissance music">Renaissance music →</a></b></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Medieval_music_sidebar" title="Template:Medieval music sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Medieval_music_sidebar" title="Template talk:Medieval music sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Medieval_music_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Medieval music sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <i><b>lai</b></i> (or <i>lay lyrique</i>, "lyric lay", to distinguish it from a <i><a href="/wiki/Lai_breton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lai breton">lai breton</a></i>) is a lyrical, narrative poem written in <a href="/wiki/Octosyllabic" class="mw-redirect" title="Octosyllabic">octosyllabic</a> couplets that often deals with tales of adventure and romance. <i>Lais</i> were mainly composed in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Germany</a>, during the 13th and 14th centuries. The English term <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lay#Noun" class="extiw" title="wikt:lay">lay</a></i> is a 13th-century loan from Old French <i>lai</i>. The origin of the French term itself is unclear; perhaps it is itself a loan from German <i><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1c" class="mw-redirect" title="Lác">Leich</a></i> (reflected in archaic or dialectal English <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lake#Etymology_2" class="extiw" title="wikt:lake">lake</a></i>, "sport, play" and in modern Swedish (att leka = to play). The terms <i>note</i>, <i>nota</i> and <i>notula</i> (as used by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_de_Grocheio" title="Johannes de Grocheio">Johannes de Grocheio</a>) appear to have been synonyms for <i>lai</i>. </p><p>The poetic form of the <i>lai</i> usually has several <a href="/wiki/Stanza" title="Stanza">stanzas</a>, none of which have the same form. As a result, the accompanying music consists of sections which do not repeat. This distinguishes the lai from other common types of musically important verse of the period (for example, the <a href="/wiki/Rondeau_(poetry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rondeau (poetry)">rondeau</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ballade_(forme_fixe)" title="Ballade (forme fixe)">ballade</a>). Towards the end of its development in the 14th century, some lais repeat stanzas, but usually only in the longer examples. There is one very late example of a lai, written to mourn the defeat of the French at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Agincourt" title="Battle of Agincourt">Battle of Agincourt</a> (1415), (<i>Lay de la guerre</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Nesson" title="Pierre de Nesson">Pierre de Nesson</a>) but no music for it survives. </p><p>There are four lais in the <i><a href="/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel">Roman de Fauvel</a></i>, all of them anonymous. The <i>lai</i> reached its highest level of development as a musical and poetic form in the work of <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Machaut" title="Guillaume de Machaut">Guillaume de Machaut</a>; 19 separate lais by this 14th-century <a href="/wiki/Ars_nova" title="Ars nova">ars nova</a> composer survive, and they are among his most sophisticated and highly developed secular compositions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composers_of_lais">Composers of lais</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lai_(poetic_form)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Composers of lais"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <p><b>French composers</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_de_Givenchi" title="Adam de Givenchi">Adam de Givenchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_Anjou" title="Charles I of Anjou">Charles d'Anjou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Charles, Duke of Orléans">Charles, Duke of Orléans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautier_de_Coincy" title="Gautier de Coincy">Gautier de Coincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautier_de_Dargies" title="Gautier de Dargies">Gautier de Dargies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Machaut" title="Guillaume de Machaut">Guillaume de Machaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_li_Vinier" class="mw-redirect" title="Guillaume li Vinier">Guillaume li Vinier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_de_France" title="Marie de France">Marie de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Chancellor" title="Philip the Chancellor">Philip the Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_Vitry" title="Philippe de Vitry">Philippe de Vitry</a> (uncertain; works attributed to him may be anonymous)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Herier" title="Thomas Herier">Thomas Herier</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <p><b>German composers</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walther_von_der_Vogelweide" title="Walther von der Vogelweide">Walther von der Vogelweide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Der_Tannh%C3%A4user" class="mw-redirect" title="Der Tannhäuser">Der Tannhäuser</a> (wrote 6 <i>Leiche</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudolf_von_Rotenburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudolf von Rotenburg (page does not exist)">Rudolf von Rotenburg</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_von_Winterstetten" title="Ulrich von Winterstetten">Ulrich von Winterstetten</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_von_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Konrad von Würzburg">Konrad von Würzburg</a> (>1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Der_von_Gliers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Der von Gliers (page does not exist)">Der von Gliers</a> (>1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hadlaub" title="Johannes Hadlaub">Johannes Hadlaub</a> (>1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Frauenlob" title="Heinrich Frauenlob">Heinrich Frauenlob</a> (>1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_von_Gutenburg" title="Ulrich von Gutenburg">Ulrich von Gutenburg</a> (1)</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lai_(poetic_form)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breton_lai" title="Breton lai">Breton lai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundelay#Etymology" class="mw-redirect" title="Roundelay">Roundelay § Etymology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virelai" title="Virelai">Virelai</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lai_(poetic_form)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHenry_GarlandMary_Garland2005" class="citation cs2">Henry Garland; Mary Garland, eds. (2005) [1997], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198158967.001.0001/acref-9780198158967-e-3160">"<i>Leich</i>"</a>, <i>The Oxford Companion to German Literature</i> (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Leich&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+German+Literature&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780198158967.001.0001%2Facref-9780198158967-e-3160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALai+%28poetic+form%29" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>David Fallows. "Lai." <i>Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online</i>. Oxford University Press.</li> <li>The Broadview Anthology of British Literature, Volume 2: The Medieval Period. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press. 2009. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55111-965-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55111-965-6">978-1-55111-965-6</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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