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class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> 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.infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Apollo Telescope Mount</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Apollo_Telescope_Mount_picture.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_picture.jpg/290px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_picture.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_picture.jpg/435px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_picture.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_picture.jpg/580px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_picture.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1629" data-file-height="1017" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Image of the ATM with solar panels extending</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2858454?uselang=en#P361" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organization</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2858454?uselang=en#P137" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/First_light_(astronomy)" title="First light (astronomy)">First light</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1973 <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2858454?uselang=en#P729" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Telescope style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Optical_telescope" title="Optical telescope">optical telescope</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Solar_telescope" title="Solar telescope">solar telescope</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Space_telescope" title="Space telescope">space telescope</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2858454?uselang=en#P31" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Apollo_Telescope_Mount" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Apollo Telescope Mount">Related media on Commons</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="metadata" style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2858454" class="extiw" title="d:Q2858454">edit on Wikidata</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Solar_Array_7023006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Solar_Array_7023006.jpg/220px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Solar_Array_7023006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Solar_Array_7023006.jpg/330px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Solar_Array_7023006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Solar_Array_7023006.jpg/440px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Solar_Array_7023006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2064" /></a><figcaption>Solar array for the ATM (could also power other Skylab systems)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Apollo Telescope Mount</b>, or <b>ATM</b>, was a crewed <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">solar</a> <a href="/wiki/Observatory" title="Observatory">observatory</a> that was a part of <a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a>, the first American <a href="/wiki/Space_station" title="Space station">space station</a>. It could observe the Sun in wavelengths ranging from soft X-rays, ultra-violet, and visible light. </p><p>The ATM was manually operated by the astronauts aboard Skylab from 1973–74, yielding data principally as exposed <a href="/wiki/Photographic_film" title="Photographic film">photographic film</a> that was returned to Earth with the crew. The film magazines had to be changed out by the crew during <a href="/wiki/Extra-vehicular_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Extra-vehicular activity">spacewalks</a>, although some instruments had a live video feed that could be observed from inside the space station. Some of the first <a href="/wiki/Polaroid_Corporation" title="Polaroid Corporation">Polaroid</a> photos (an <a href="/wiki/Instant_film" title="Instant film">instant film</a>-to-hard copy camera) in space were taken of a Skylab CRT <a href="/wiki/Electronic_visual_display" title="Electronic visual display">video screen</a> displaying the Sun as recorded by an ATM instrument. Although the ATM was integrated with the Skylab station, it started as a separate project related to use of the Apollo spacecraft, which is why it has the name Apollo in it rather than Skylab; the Skylab station was visited by astronauts using the Apollo spacecraft launched by the <a href="/wiki/Saturn_IB" title="Saturn IB">Saturn IB</a>, and the Station with its solar observatory was launched by a <a href="/wiki/Saturn_V" title="Saturn V">Saturn V</a>. </p><p>The ATM was designed and construction was managed at <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Space_Flight_Center" title="Marshall Space Flight Center">Marshall Space Flight Center</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It included eight major observational instruments, along with several lesser experiments. The ATM made observations at a variety of wavelengths, including X-Rays, Ultraviolet, and Visible light. </p><p>ATM was integrated with the Skylab space station, which was used to point the observatory. Likewise, Skylab used power from the ATM solar arrays. </p><p>As of 2006, the original exposures were on file (and accessible to interested parties) at the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Research_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Research Laboratory">Naval Research Laboratory</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ATM was actively cooled to maintain the temperature of the instruments within a certain range.<sup id="cite_ref-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Apollo_Telescope_Mount-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pointing was done with the help of the Skylab computer, which could be commanded from the space station by astronauts or by communication link from Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Apollo_Telescope_Mount-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The four external mounted solar panels deploy in an 'X' shape, and provide around 30% of the station's electrical power. </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylab_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_and_Sun_End_7026490.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Skylab_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_and_Sun_End_7026490.jpg/220px-Skylab_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_and_Sun_End_7026490.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Skylab_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_and_Sun_End_7026490.jpg/330px-Skylab_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_and_Sun_End_7026490.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Skylab_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_and_Sun_End_7026490.jpg/440px-Skylab_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_and_Sun_End_7026490.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2594" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Sun facing end showing the instrumentation apertures</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Assembly_6903725.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Assembly_6903725.jpg/220px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Assembly_6903725.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Assembly_6903725.jpg/330px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Assembly_6903725.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Assembly_6903725.jpg/440px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Assembly_6903725.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2300" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>A side view of the instrument cluster without its enclosure</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Unit_7026763.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Unit_7026763.jpg/220px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Unit_7026763.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Unit_7026763.jpg/330px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Unit_7026763.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Unit_7026763.jpg/440px-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_Spar_Unit_7026763.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2598" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>ATM assembly</figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylab_2_Weitz_at_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_control_panel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Skylab_2_Weitz_at_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_control_panel.jpg/220px-Skylab_2_Weitz_at_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_control_panel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Skylab_2_Weitz_at_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_control_panel.jpg/330px-Skylab_2_Weitz_at_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_control_panel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Skylab_2_Weitz_at_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_control_panel.jpg/440px-Skylab_2_Weitz_at_Apollo_Telescope_Mount_control_panel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2939" data-file-height="1968" /></a><figcaption>Astronaut <a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Weitz" title="Paul J. Weitz">Paul J. Weitz</a> at the telescope's command and display (C&D) console inside Skylab during the mission (June 1973)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The ATM was one of the projects that came out of the late 1960s <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Applications_Program" title="Apollo Applications Program">Apollo Applications Program</a>, which studied a wide variety of ways to use the infrastructure developed for the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo program</a> in the 1970s. Among these concepts were various extended-stay lunar missions, a permanent lunar base, long-duration space missions, a number of large observatories, and eventually the "<a href="/wiki/Wet_workshop" title="Wet workshop">wet workshop</a>" space station. </p><p>In the case of the ATM, the initial idea was to mount the instrumentation in a deployable unit attached to the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Command/Service_Module" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollo Command/Service Module">Service Module</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this was then changed to use a modified <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to house controls, observation instruments and recording systems, while the lunar descent stage was replaced with a large solar telescope and solar panels to power it all. After launch, it would be met in orbit by a three-crew Apollo CSM who would operate it and retrieve data before returning to Earth. As many of the other concepts were dropped, eventually only the space station and ATM remained "on the books". The plans then changed to launch the ATM and have it connect to Skylab in orbit. Both spacecraft would then be operated by the Skylab crews. </p><p>With the cancellation of the later Apollo landing missions providing a Saturn V, the wet workshop concept was no longer needed. Instead, the plans were changed to orbit an expanded, dry version of the station. The ATM would now be launched attached to the station, as the Saturn V had enough power to launch them both at the same time. This change saved the Skylab program when a problem during launch destroyed one of the workshop solar panels and prevented the other from automatically deploying. The windmill-like arrays on the ATM, which fed power to both the ATM and the station, remained undamaged due to the protection within the launch shroud, and provided enough power for crewed operations until the one remaining workshop array could be deployed during the first crewed mission. </p><p>There were additional astronomical and Earth observation experiments aboard Skylab. During development, the ATM was subjected to thermal vacuum testing.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deployment_of_Apollo_Telescope_Mount.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Deployment_of_Apollo_Telescope_Mount.jpg/220px-Deployment_of_Apollo_Telescope_Mount.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Deployment_of_Apollo_Telescope_Mount.jpg/330px-Deployment_of_Apollo_Telescope_Mount.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Deployment_of_Apollo_Telescope_Mount.jpg/440px-Deployment_of_Apollo_Telescope_Mount.jpg 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of the telescope cluster and solar array deployment</figcaption></figure> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Instruments">Instruments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylab_IV-view_of_telescope.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Skylab_IV-view_of_telescope.jpg/250px-Skylab_IV-view_of_telescope.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Skylab_IV-view_of_telescope.jpg/375px-Skylab_IV-view_of_telescope.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Skylab_IV-view_of_telescope.jpg/500px-Skylab_IV-view_of_telescope.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3870" data-file-height="3870" /></a><figcaption>Image of the ATM taken showing some of the instrument covers</figcaption></figure> <p>There were 8 major solar studies instruments on the mount.<sup id="cite_ref-halpha_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-halpha-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chap4_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Combined, they could observe the Sun in light wavelengths from 2 to 7000 Å (<a href="/wiki/Angstrom" title="Angstrom">angstroms</a>), which corresponds to <a href="/wiki/Soft_X-ray" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft X-ray">soft X-ray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultraviolet</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Visible_light" class="mw-redirect" title="Visible light">visible light</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chap4_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>two <a href="/wiki/X-ray_telescope" title="X-ray telescope">X-ray telescopes</a><sup id="cite_ref-chap4_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>extreme ultraviolet <a href="/wiki/Spectroheliograph" title="Spectroheliograph">spectroheliograph</a><sup id="cite_ref-chap4_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>ultraviolet spectroheliometer<sup id="cite_ref-chap4_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>ultraviolet <a href="/wiki/Spectrograph" class="mw-redirect" title="Spectrograph">spectrograph</a><sup id="cite_ref-chap4_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>visible light <a href="/wiki/Coronagraph" title="Coronagraph">coronagraph</a><sup id="cite_ref-chap4_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>two <a href="/wiki/H-alpha" class="mw-redirect" title="H-alpha">Hydrogen Alpha</a> telescopes<sup id="cite_ref-halpha_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-halpha-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Same instruments by designation: </p><p>The X-Ray instruments included:<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>S-054</li> <li>S-056</li> <li>S-020 (X-ray and <a href="/wiki/Extreme_ultraviolet" title="Extreme ultraviolet">extreme ultraviolet</a> camera)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>UV instruments included:<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>S-082A (Extreme ultraviolet spectroheliograph)</li> <li>S-082B (Ultraviolet spectroheliometer)</li> <li>S-055 (Ultraviolet spectrograph)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen-alpha" title="Hydrogen-alpha">Hydrogen alpha</a> and coronograph: </p> <ul><li>H-alpha no. 1</li> <li>H-alpha no. 2</li> <li>S-052 (a Coronagraph)</li></ul> <p>Also, experiment S149 was attached to one of the ATM solar panels.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film_canisters">Film canisters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Film canisters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Six ATM experiments used film to record data, and over the course of the missions over 150,000 successful exposures were recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-history.nasa.gov_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history.nasa.gov-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film canister had to be manually retrieved on crewed spacewalks to the instruments during the missions.<sup id="cite_ref-history.nasa.gov_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history.nasa.gov-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film canisters were returned to Earth aboard the Apollo capsules when each mission ended, and were among the heaviest items that had to be returned at the end of each mission.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The heaviest canisters weighed 40 kg (88.1 lb) and could hold up to 16,000 frames of film.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the course of operations almost 30 canisters were loaded and utilized, and then returned to Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Solar_eruption_in_1973_seen_by_Skylab_2_(S73-33788).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Solar eruption seen in this spectroheliograph covering the wavelength region from 150 to 650 angstroms (Skylab 2, June 10, 1973)"><img alt="Solar eruption seen in this spectroheliograph covering the wavelength region from 150 to 650 angstroms (Skylab 2, June 10, 1973)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Solar_eruption_in_1973_seen_by_Skylab_2_%28S73-33788%29.jpg/120px-Solar_eruption_in_1973_seen_by_Skylab_2_%28S73-33788%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Solar_eruption_in_1973_seen_by_Skylab_2_%28S73-33788%29.jpg/180px-Solar_eruption_in_1973_seen_by_Skylab_2_%28S73-33788%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Solar_eruption_in_1973_seen_by_Skylab_2_%28S73-33788%29.jpg/240px-Solar_eruption_in_1973_seen_by_Skylab_2_%28S73-33788%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4630" data-file-height="3325" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Solar eruption seen in this spectroheliograph covering the wavelength region from 150 to 650 angstroms (<a href="/wiki/Skylab_2" title="Skylab 2">Skylab 2</a>, June 10, 1973)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:S74-15583skylabsunview.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Extreme ultraviolet image of the Sun with the Earth added for scale (Skylab 3, July 1973)"><img alt="Extreme ultraviolet image of the Sun with the Earth added for scale (Skylab 3, July 1973)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/S74-15583skylabsunview.jpg/120px-S74-15583skylabsunview.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/S74-15583skylabsunview.jpg/180px-S74-15583skylabsunview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/S74-15583skylabsunview.jpg/240px-S74-15583skylabsunview.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4367" data-file-height="3349" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Extreme ultraviolet image of the Sun with the Earth added for scale (<a href="/wiki/Skylab_3" title="Skylab 3">Skylab 3</a>, July 1973)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Curving_prominence_red.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A hiding, troutlike prominence is exposed when the blue coronal view is combined with a red-coded ultraviolet picture that samples cooler chromospheric temperatures. (Skylab 3, July 1973)"><img alt="A hiding, troutlike prominence is exposed when the blue coronal view is combined with a red-coded ultraviolet picture that samples cooler chromospheric temperatures. (Skylab 3, July 1973)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Curving_prominence_red.jpg/120px-Curving_prominence_red.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Curving_prominence_red.jpg/180px-Curving_prominence_red.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Curving_prominence_red.jpg/240px-Curving_prominence_red.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="957" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A hiding, troutlike <a href="/wiki/Solar_prominence" title="Solar prominence">prominence</a> is exposed when the blue <a href="/wiki/Coronal_hole" title="Coronal hole">coronal</a> view is combined with a red-coded ultraviolet picture that samples cooler <a href="/wiki/Chromosphere" title="Chromosphere">chromospheric</a> temperatures. (Skylab 3, July 1973)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:False_Color_Isophote_of_a_Solar_Eruption.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="False color image of a solar prominence (Skylab 3, August 21, 1973)[13]"><img alt="False color image of a solar prominence (Skylab 3, August 21, 1973)[13]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/False_Color_Isophote_of_a_Solar_Eruption.jpg/120px-False_Color_Isophote_of_a_Solar_Eruption.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/False_Color_Isophote_of_a_Solar_Eruption.jpg/180px-False_Color_Isophote_of_a_Solar_Eruption.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/False_Color_Isophote_of_a_Solar_Eruption.jpg/240px-False_Color_Isophote_of_a_Solar_Eruption.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2340" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/False_color" title="False color">False color</a> image of a solar prominence (Skylab 3, August 21, 1973)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Solar_prominence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Color processed ultraviolet image differentiating changes in a wispy prominence arch (Skylab 4, 14 December 1973)"><img alt="Color processed ultraviolet image differentiating changes in a wispy prominence arch (Skylab 4, 14 December 1973)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Solar_prominence.jpg/120px-Solar_prominence.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Solar_prominence.jpg/180px-Solar_prominence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Solar_prominence.jpg/240px-Solar_prominence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1148" data-file-height="916" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Color processed ultraviolet image differentiating changes in a wispy prominence arch (<a href="/wiki/Skylab_4" title="Skylab 4">Skylab 4</a>, 14 December 1973)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylab_ultraviolet_view_of_a_solar_prominence_(7461902).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ultraviolet image of a colossal eruption (Skylab 4, December 19, 1973)."><img alt="Ultraviolet image of a colossal eruption (Skylab 4, December 19, 1973)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Skylab_ultraviolet_view_of_a_solar_prominence_%287461902%29.jpg/120px-Skylab_ultraviolet_view_of_a_solar_prominence_%287461902%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Skylab_ultraviolet_view_of_a_solar_prominence_%287461902%29.jpg/180px-Skylab_ultraviolet_view_of_a_solar_prominence_%287461902%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Skylab_ultraviolet_view_of_a_solar_prominence_%287461902%29.jpg/240px-Skylab_ultraviolet_view_of_a_solar_prominence_%287461902%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2394" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ultraviolet image of a colossal eruption (Skylab 4, December 19, 1973).</div> </li> </ul><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Experiments">Experiments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Experiments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The instruments were used for various types of observations including pre-planned experiments, including a set of student experiments. This is a chart describing an example of this: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylab_X-Ray_Stellar_Classes_graphic_(0102061).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Skylab_X-Ray_Stellar_Classes_graphic_%280102061%29.jpg/220px-Skylab_X-Ray_Stellar_Classes_graphic_%280102061%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Skylab_X-Ray_Stellar_Classes_graphic_%280102061%29.jpg/330px-Skylab_X-Ray_Stellar_Classes_graphic_%280102061%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Skylab_X-Ray_Stellar_Classes_graphic_%280102061%29.jpg/440px-Skylab_X-Ray_Stellar_Classes_graphic_%280102061%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Chart for the ED 24 experiment<sup id="cite_ref-msfc-students_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msfc-students-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="S-54_X-Ray_Spectrographic_Telescope">S-54 X-Ray Spectrographic Telescope</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: S-54 X-Ray Spectrographic Telescope"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylab_X-ray_Spectrographic_Telescope_(7022359).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Skylab_X-ray_Spectrographic_Telescope_%287022359%29.jpg/220px-Skylab_X-ray_Spectrographic_Telescope_%287022359%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Skylab_X-ray_Spectrographic_Telescope_%287022359%29.jpg/330px-Skylab_X-ray_Spectrographic_Telescope_%287022359%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Skylab_X-ray_Spectrographic_Telescope_%287022359%29.jpg/440px-Skylab_X-ray_Spectrographic_Telescope_%287022359%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2116" /></a><figcaption>Skylab S-54 instrument, 1970</figcaption></figure> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A backup ATM spare (instruments were mounted to this) was restored and put on display in 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Steven_F._Udvar-Hazy_Center" title="Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center">Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center</a> in Chantilly, Virginia, US.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Air_and_Space_Museum_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Air_and_Space_Museum-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The restoration involved repairing some <a href="/wiki/Kapton" title="Kapton">Kapton</a> layers that had degraded after 4 decades.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Air_and_Space_Museum_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Air_and_Space_Museum-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Apollo_Telescope_Mount" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Apollo Telescope Mount">Apollo Telescope Mount</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">Orbiting Solar Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_X-ray_space_telescopes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of X-ray space telescopes">List of X-ray space telescopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spacewalks_and_moonwalks_1965%E2%80%931999" title="List of spacewalks and moonwalks 1965–1999">List of spacewalks and moonwalks 1965–1999</a> (in the early 1970s several Skylab spacewalks including servicing ATM)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060916073735/http://www.nasm.si.edu/spacecraft/SS-ATM.htm">"NASM Space Artifacts: Apollo Telescope Mount"</a>. September 16, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasm.si.edu/spacecraft/SS-ATM.htm">the original</a> on September 16, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NASM+Space+Artifacts%3A+Apollo+Telescope+Mount&rft.date=2006-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasm.si.edu%2Fspacecraft%2FSS-ATM.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApollo+Telescope+Mount" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Apollo_Telescope_Mount-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Apollo_Telescope_Mount_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107060638/http://wwwsolar.nrl.navy.mil/skylab_atm.html">"Apollo Telescope Mount"</a>. <i>wwwsolar.nrl.navy.mil</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwwsolar.nrl.navy.mil/skylab_atm.html">the original</a> on November 7, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wwwsolar.nrl.navy.mil&rft.atitle=Apollo+Telescope+Mount&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwwwsolar.nrl.navy.mil%2Fskylab_atm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApollo+Telescope+Mount" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141228033737/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/skylab/skylab2/html/sl2-x9-747.html">"Photo-sl2-x9-747"</a>. <i>spaceflight.nasa.gov</i>. 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December 10, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Air+and+Space+Museum&rft.atitle=Restoring+the+Apollo+Telescope+Mount&rft.date=2015-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fairandspace.si.edu%2Fstories%2Feditorial%2Frestoring-apollo-telescope-mount&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApollo+Telescope+Mount" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_Telescope_Mount&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/83">Apollo Telescope Mount, The University of Alabama 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Project_Skylab" title="Template:Project Skylab"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Project_Skylab" title="Template talk:Project Skylab"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Project_Skylab" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Project Skylab"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Skylab" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab 1</a> <small>(uncrewed)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_2" title="Skylab 2">Skylab 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_3" title="Skylab 3">Skylab 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_4" title="Skylab 4">Skylab 4</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astronaut_Owen_Garriott_Performs_EVA_During_Skylab_3_-_GPN-2002-000065.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Astronaut_Owen_Garriott_Performs_EVA_During_Skylab_3_-_GPN-2002-000065.jpg/50px-Astronaut_Owen_Garriott_Performs_EVA_During_Skylab_3_-_GPN-2002-000065.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Astronaut_Owen_Garriott_Performs_EVA_During_Skylab_3_-_GPN-2002-000065.jpg/75px-Astronaut_Owen_Garriott_Performs_EVA_During_Skylab_3_-_GPN-2002-000065.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Astronaut_Owen_Garriott_Performs_EVA_During_Skylab_3_-_GPN-2002-000065.jpg/100px-Astronaut_Owen_Garriott_Performs_EVA_During_Skylab_3_-_GPN-2002-000065.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:40_Years_Ago,_Skylab_Paved_Way_for_International_Space_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/40_Years_Ago%2C_Skylab_Paved_Way_for_International_Space_Station.jpg/50px-40_Years_Ago%2C_Skylab_Paved_Way_for_International_Space_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/40_Years_Ago%2C_Skylab_Paved_Way_for_International_Space_Station.jpg/75px-40_Years_Ago%2C_Skylab_Paved_Way_for_International_Space_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/40_Years_Ago%2C_Skylab_Paved_Way_for_International_Space_Station.jpg/100px-40_Years_Ago%2C_Skylab_Paved_Way_for_International_Space_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1235" /></a></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylab_3_Close-Up_-_GPN-2000-001711.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skylab"><img alt="Skylab" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Skylab_3_Close-Up_-_GPN-2000-001711.jpg/50px-Skylab_3_Close-Up_-_GPN-2000-001711.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Skylab_3_Close-Up_-_GPN-2000-001711.jpg/75px-Skylab_3_Close-Up_-_GPN-2000-001711.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Skylab_3_Close-Up_-_GPN-2000-001711.jpg/100px-Skylab_3_Close-Up_-_GPN-2000-001711.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6444" data-file-height="6287" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylab_launch_on_Saturn_V.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Skylab_launch_on_Saturn_V.jpg/50px-Skylab_launch_on_Saturn_V.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Skylab_launch_on_Saturn_V.jpg/75px-Skylab_launch_on_Saturn_V.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Skylab_launch_on_Saturn_V.jpg/100px-Skylab_launch_on_Saturn_V.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2256" data-file-height="2814" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Astronauts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skylab 2</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Conrad" title="Pete Conrad">Pete Conrad</a> <small>(Commander)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kerwin" title="Joseph P. Kerwin">Joseph Kerwin</a> <small>(Science Pilot)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Weitz" title="Paul J. Weitz">Paul Weitz</a> <small>(Pilot)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skylab 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Bean" title="Alan Bean">Alan Bean</a> <small>(Commander)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_K._Garriott" class="mw-redirect" title="Owen K. Garriott">Owen Garriott</a> <small>(Science Pilot)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_R._Lousma" title="Jack R. Lousma">Jack Lousma</a> <small>(Pilot)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skylab 4</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Carr_(astronaut)" title="Gerald Carr (astronaut)">Gerald Carr</a> <small>(Commander)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gibson" title="Edward Gibson">Edward Gibson</a> <small>(Science Pilot)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pogue" title="William Pogue">William Pogue</a> <small>(Pilot)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contingencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_B" title="Skylab B">Skylab B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleoperator_Retrieval_System" title="Teleoperator Retrieval System">Teleoperator Retrieval System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_Rescue" title="Skylab Rescue">Skylab Rescue</a> <small>(not flown)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab#Skylab_5" title="Skylab">Skylab 5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skylab Rescue</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vance_D._Brand" title="Vance D. Brand">Vance D. Brand</a> <small>(Commander)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_L._Lind" class="mw-redirect" title="Don L. Lind">Don L. Lind</a> <small>(Pilot)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Schneider" title="William C. Schneider">William C. Schneider</a> <small>(Program director)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kinzler" title="Jack Kinzler">Jack Kinzler</a> <small>(Parasol fix designer)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Loewy" title="Raymond Loewy">Raymond Loewy</a> <small>(Habitability consultant)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Applications_Program" title="Apollo Applications Program">Apollo Applications Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_command_and_service_module" title="Apollo command and service module">Apollo command and service module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo/Skylab_spacesuit" title="Apollo/Skylab spacesuit">Apollo/Skylab spacesuit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beta_cloth" title="Beta cloth">Beta cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_Micrometeoroid_Garment" title="Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment">Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Apollo Telescope Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawler-transporter" title="Crawler-transporter">Crawler-transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manned_Space_Flight_Network" title="Manned Space Flight Network">Manned Space Flight Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_4_human_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="Skylab 4 human factors">Skylab 4 human factors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_Medical_Experiment_Altitude_Test" title="Skylab Medical Experiment Altitude Test">Skylab Medical Experiment Altitude Test</a> (SMEAT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wet_workshop" title="Wet workshop">Wet workshop</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Searching_for_Skylab" title="Searching for Skylab">Searching for Skylab</a></i> (2019 documentary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Apollo_program" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Apollo_program" title="Template:Apollo program"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Apollo_program" title="Template talk:Apollo program"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Apollo_program" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Apollo program"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Apollo_program" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo program</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_missions" title="List of Apollo missions">List of missions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Apollo_missions" title="Canceled Apollo missions">canceled missions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_astronauts" title="List of Apollo astronauts">List of Apollo astronauts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launch complexes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Launch_Complex_34" title="Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 34">Launch Complex 34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Launch_Complex_37" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 37">Launch Complex 37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39">Launch Complex 39</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39A" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39B" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39B">B</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="15" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Apollo_program.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of the Apollo program"><img alt="Emblem of the Apollo program" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Apollo_program.svg/70px-Apollo_program.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Apollo_program.svg/105px-Apollo_program.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Apollo_program.svg/140px-Apollo_program.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="619" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ground facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_C._Kraft_Jr._Mission_Control_Center#Gemini_and_Apollo_(1965-1975)" title="Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center">Mission Control Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Canaveral Space Force Station">Cape Kennedy Air Force Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawler-transporter" title="Crawler-transporter">Crawler-transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manned_Space_Flight_Network" title="Manned Space Flight Network">Manned Space Flight Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launch vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_Joe_II" title="Little Joe II">Little Joe II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(rocket_family)" title="Saturn (rocket family)">Saturn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I" title="Saturn I">Saturn I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_IB" title="Saturn IB">Saturn IB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_V" title="Saturn V">Saturn V</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spacecraft and rover</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_(spacecraft)" title="Apollo (spacecraft)">Apollo spacecraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_command_and_service_module" title="Apollo command and service module">Command and Service Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Lunar Module</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Roving_Vehicle" title="Lunar Roving Vehicle">Lunar Roving Vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uncrewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AS-101" title="AS-101">AS-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AS-102" title="AS-102">AS-102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AS-201" title="AS-201">AS-201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AS-202" title="AS-202">AS-202</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_4" title="Apollo 4">Apollo 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_5" title="Apollo 5">Apollo 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_6" title="Apollo 6">Apollo 6</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_1" title="Apollo 1">Apollo 1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_7" title="Apollo 7">Apollo 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">Apollo 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_9" title="Apollo 9">Apollo 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_10" title="Apollo 10">Apollo 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_12" title="Apollo 12">Apollo 12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_13" title="Apollo 13">Apollo 13</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14" title="Apollo 14">Apollo 14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">Apollo 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">Apollo 16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">Apollo 17</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saturn<br />development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I_SA-1" title="Saturn I SA-1">Saturn-Apollo 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I_SA-2" title="Saturn I SA-2">SA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I_SA-3" title="Saturn I SA-3">SA-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I_SA-4" title="Saturn I SA-4">SA-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I_SA-5" title="Saturn I SA-5">SA-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AS-203" title="AS-203">AS-203</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_4" title="Apollo 4">Apollo 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_6" title="Apollo 6">Apollo 6</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apollo_abort_modes" title="Apollo abort modes">Abort tests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_Joe_II_Qualification_Test_Vehicle" title="Little Joe II Qualification Test Vehicle">QTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pad_Abort_Test_1" title="Pad Abort Test 1">Pad Abort Test-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-001" title="A-001">A-001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-002" title="A-002">A-002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-003" title="A-003">A-003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pad_Abort_Test_2" title="Pad Abort Test 2">Pad Abort Test-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-004" title="A-004">A-004</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(satellite)" title="Pegasus (satellite)">Pegasus</a> flights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AS-103" title="AS-103">AS-103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AS-104" title="AS-104">AS-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AS-105" title="AS-105">AS-105</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apollo 8 specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Earthrise" title="Earthrise">Earthrise</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8_Genesis_reading" title="Apollo 8 Genesis reading">Genesis reading</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apollo 11 specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Command_module_Columbia" title="Command module Columbia">Command Module <i>Columbia</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Module_Eagle" title="Lunar Module Eagle">Lunar Module <i>Eagle</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tranquility_Base" title="Tranquility Base">Tranquility Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_(lunar_crater)" title="Double (lunar crater)">Double crater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_West_(lunar_crater)" title="Little West (lunar crater)">Little West crater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_goodwill_messages" title="Apollo 11 goodwill messages">Goodwill messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_lunar_sample_display" title="Apollo 11 lunar sample display">Lunar sample displays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_missing_tapes" title="Apollo 11 missing tapes">Missing tapes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_anniversaries" title="Apollo 11 anniversaries">Anniversaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_50th_Anniversary_commemorative_coins" title="Apollo 11 50th Anniversary commemorative coins">50th Anniversary commemorative coins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_in_popular_culture" title="Apollo 11 in popular culture">In popular culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apollo 12 specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mare_Cognitum#Statio_Cognitum" title="Mare Cognitum">Statio Cognitum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_3" title="Surveyor 3">Surveyor 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_(crater)" title="Surveyor (crater)">Surveyor crater</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bench_Crater_meteorite" title="Bench Crater meteorite">Bench Crater meteorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J002E3" title="J002E3">J002E3</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moon_Museum" title="Moon Museum">Moon Museum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reports_of_Streptococcus_mitis_on_the_Moon" title="Reports of Streptococcus mitis on the Moon">Reports of <i>Streptococcus mitis</i> on the Moon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apollo 13 specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston,_we_have_a_problem" title="Houston, we have a problem">"Houston, we've had a problem"</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apollo 14 specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modular_Equipment_Transporter" title="Modular Equipment Transporter">Modular Equipment Transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fra_Mauro_formation" title="Fra Mauro formation">Fra Mauro formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bertha_(lunar_sample)" title="Big Bertha (lunar sample)">Big Bertha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_tree" title="Moon tree">Moon tree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apollo 15 specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Journey_of_Apollo_15_to_the_Moon" title="Journey of Apollo 15 to the Moon">Journey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15_operations_on_the_Lunar_surface" title="Apollo 15 operations on the Lunar surface">Lunar operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo_operations_of_Apollo_15" title="Solo operations of Apollo 15">Solo operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_of_Apollo_15_to_Earth" title="Return of Apollo 15 to Earth">Return to Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadley%E2%80%93Apennine" title="Hadley–Apennine">Hadley–Apennine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fallen_Astronaut" title="Fallen Astronaut">Fallen Astronaut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_Rock" title="Genesis Rock">Genesis Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Scott_(lunar_sample)" title="Great Scott (lunar sample)">Great Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadley_Rille_meteorite" title="Hadley Rille meteorite">Hadley Rille meteorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seatbelt_basalt" title="Seatbelt basalt">Seatbelt basalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15_postal_covers_incident" title="Apollo 15 postal covers incident">Postal covers incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apollo 16 specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Muley" title="Big Muley">Big Muley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apollo 17 specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Marble" title="The Blue Marble">The Blue Marble</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taurus%E2%80%93Littrow" title="Taurus–Littrow">Taurus–Littrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy%27s_Rock" title="Tracy's Rock">Tracy's Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nansen-Apollo_(crater)" title="Nansen-Apollo (crater)">Nansen-Apollo crater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorty_(crater)" title="Shorty (crater)">Shorty crater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17_lunar_sample_display" title="Apollo 17 lunar sample display">Lunar sample display</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_basalt_70017" title="Lunar basalt 70017">Lunar basalt 70017</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troctolite_76535" title="Troctolite 76535">Troctolite 76535</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALSE" title="ALSE">Apollo Lunar Sounder Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fe,_Fi,_Fo,_Fum,_and_Phooey" title="Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey">Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Applications_Program" title="Apollo Applications Program">Post-Apollo</a><br />capsule use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_2" title="Skylab 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_3" title="Skylab 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab_4" title="Skylab 4">4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz" title="Apollo–Soyuz">Apollo–Soyuz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_orbit_rendezvous" title="Lunar orbit rendezvous">Lunar orbit rendezvous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_and_missing_Moon_rocks" title="Stolen and missing Moon rocks">Stolen and missing Moon rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-party_evidence_for_Apollo_Moon_landings" title="Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings">Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Symbol <sup>†</sup> indicates failure or partial failure</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Apollo_program_hardware" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Apollo_program_hardware" title="Template:Apollo program hardware"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Apollo_program_hardware" title="Template talk:Apollo program hardware"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Apollo_program_hardware" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Apollo program hardware"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Apollo_program_hardware" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo program hardware</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launch vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_Joe_II" title="Little Joe II">Little Joe II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I" title="Saturn I">Saturn I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_IB" title="Saturn IB">Saturn IB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_V" title="Saturn V">Saturn V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launch vehicle<br />components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocketdyne_F-1" title="Rocketdyne F-1">F-1 engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocketdyne_J-2" title="Rocketdyne J-2">J-2 engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_V_instrument_unit" title="Saturn V instrument unit">Instrument unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launch_Vehicle_Digital_Computer" title="Launch Vehicle Digital Computer">Launch Vehicle Digital Computer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spacecraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_(spacecraft)" title="Apollo (spacecraft)">Apollo </a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_command_module" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollo command module">Apollo command module</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Command_module_Columbia" title="Command module Columbia">Columbia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_service_module" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollo service module">Apollo service module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Module_Eagle" title="Lunar Module Eagle">Eagle</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spacecraft<br />components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Abort_Guidance_System" title="Apollo Abort Guidance System">Apollo Abort Guidance System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Docking_Mechanism" title="Apollo Docking Mechanism">Apollo Docking Mechanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Guidance_Computer" title="Apollo Guidance Computer">Apollo Guidance Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALSE" title="ALSE">Lunar Sounder Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_PGNCS" title="Apollo PGNCS">Primary guidance, navigation, and control system</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Apollo Telescope Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_TV_camera" title="Apollo TV camera">Apollo TV camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descent_propulsion_system" title="Descent propulsion system">Descent propulsion system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascent_propulsion_system" title="Ascent propulsion system">Ascent propulsion system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scimitar_antenna" title="Scimitar antenna">Scimitar antenna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Space suits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo/Skylab_spacesuit" title="Apollo/Skylab spacesuit">Apollo/Skylab A7L</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beta_cloth" title="Beta cloth">Beta cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_Micrometeoroid_Garment" title="Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment">Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lunar surface<br />equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_life_support_system" title="Primary life support system">Portable Life Support System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Roving_Vehicle" title="Lunar Roving Vehicle">Lunar Roving Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Laser_Ranging_experiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar Laser Ranging experiment">Lunar Laser Ranging experiment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_retroreflectors_on_the_Moon" title="List of retroreflectors on the Moon">list of retroreflectors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Wind_Composition_Experiment" title="Solar Wind Composition Experiment">Solar Wind Composition Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Surface_Experiments_Package" title="Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package">Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_Seismic_Experiment" title="Active Seismic Experiment">Active Seismic Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_12_Passive_Seismic_Experiment" title="Apollo 12 Passive Seismic Experiment">Apollo 12 Passive Seismic Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14_Passive_Seismic_Experiment" title="Apollo 14 Passive Seismic Experiment">Apollo 14 Passive Seismic Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charged_Particle_Lunar_Environment_Experiment" title="Charged Particle Lunar Environment Experiment">Charged Particle Lunar Environment Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Ejecta_and_Meteorites_(experiment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar Ejecta and Meteorites (experiment)">Lunar Ejecta and Meteorites Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Wind_Spectrometer" title="Solar Wind Spectrometer">Solar Wind Spectrometer Experiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modular_Equipment_Transporter" title="Modular Equipment Transporter">Modular Equipment Transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Seismic_Profiling_Experiment" title="Lunar Seismic Profiling Experiment">Lunar Seismic Profiling Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Surface_Gravimeter" title="Lunar Surface Gravimeter">Lunar Surface Gravimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Surface_Magnetometer" title="Lunar Surface Magnetometer">Lunar Surface Magnetometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Traverse_Gravimeter" title="Lunar Traverse Gravimeter">Lunar Traverse Gravimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_Cathode_Gauge_Experiment" title="Cold Cathode Gauge Experiment">Cold Cathode Gauge Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_Flow_Experiment" title="Heat Flow Experiment">Heat Flow Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suprathermal_Ion_Detector_Experiment" title="Suprathermal Ion Detector Experiment">Suprathermal Ion Detector Experiment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ground support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_launcher_platform#Saturn_V_and_Space_Shuttle" title="Mobile launcher platform">Mobile Launcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_launch_umbilical_tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollo launch umbilical tower">Launch Umbilical Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawler-transporter" title="Crawler-transporter">Crawler-transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Landing_Research_Vehicle" title="Lunar Landing Research Vehicle">Lunar Landing Research Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_quarantine_facility" title="Mobile quarantine facility">Mobile quarantine facility</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ceremonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_plaque" title="Lunar plaque">Lunar plaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Flag_Assembly" title="Lunar Flag Assembly">Lunar Flag Assembly</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fallen_Astronaut" title="Fallen Astronaut">Fallen Astronaut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_goodwill_messages" title="Apollo 11 goodwill messages">Apollo 11 goodwill messages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_escape_systems" title="Lunar escape systems">Lunar escape systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendezvous_Docking_Simulator" title="Rendezvous Docking Simulator">Rendezvous Docking Simulator</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moon_Museum" title="Moon Museum">Moon Museum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Apollo_program_hardware" title="Category:Apollo program hardware">Category:Apollo program hardware</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Space_telescopes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_observatories" title="Template:Space observatories"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Space_observatories" title="Template talk:Space observatories"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Space_observatories" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Space observatories"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Space_telescopes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Space_telescope" title="Space telescope">Space telescopes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Radio_astronomy" title="Radio astronomy">Radio and Microwave</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4#Science_payloads" title="Chang'e 4">NCLE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao relay satellite">Queqiao</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_(spacecraft)" title="Wind (spacecraft)">Wind</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1994)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao-2_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao-2 relay satellite">Queqiao 2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Infrared_telescope" title="Infrared telescope">Infrared</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odin_(satellite)" title="Odin (satellite)">Odin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOLAR_(ISS)" title="SOLAR (ISS)">SOLAR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="James Webb Space Telescope">James Webb</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2022)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Optical_telescope" title="Optical telescope">Optical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stars-AO" title="Stars-AO">Aoi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrosat" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrosat">Astrosat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRITE" title="BRITE">BRITE</a> constellation <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_H-alpha_Solar_Explorer" title="Chinese H-alpha Solar Explorer">CHASE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHEOPS" title="CHEOPS">CHEOPS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory">DSCOVR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euclid_(spacecraft)" title="Euclid (spacecraft)">Euclid</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayabusa2#Mission_extension" title="Hayabusa2">Hayabusa2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia_(spacecraft)" title="Gaia (spacecraft)">Gaia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HiRISE" title="HiRISE">HiRISE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1990)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinode_(satellite)" title="Hinode (satellite)">Hinode (Solar-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Earth_Object_Surveillance_Satellite" title="Near Earth Object Surveillance Satellite">NEOSSat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odin_(satellite)" title="Odin (satellite)">Odin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Dynamics_Observatory" title="Solar Dynamics Observatory">SDO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory" title="Solar and Heliospheric Observatory">SOHO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOLAR_(ISS)" title="SOLAR (ISS)">SOLAR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory">Swift</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite" title="Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite">TESS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_astronomy" title="Ultraviolet astronomy">Ultraviolet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aditya-L1" title="Aditya-L1">Aditya-L1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Space-based_Solar_Observatory" title="Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory">ASO-S</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2022)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrosat" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrosat">Astrosat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hibari_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hibari (satellite)">Hibari</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinode_(satellite)" title="Hinode (satellite)">Hinode (Solar-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interface_Region_Imaging_Spectrograph" title="Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph">IRIS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Dynamics_Observatory" title="Solar Dynamics Observatory">SDO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory" title="Solar and Heliospheric Observatory">SOHO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOLAR_(ISS)" title="SOLAR (ISS)">SOLAR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory">Swift</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2004)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/X-ray_astronomy" title="X-ray astronomy">X-ray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_astronomy" title="Gamma-ray astronomy">Gamma-ray</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calorimetric_Electron_Telescope" title="Calorimetric Electron Telescope">CALET</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_X-ray_Observatory" title="Chandra X-ray Observatory">Chandra (AXAF)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1999)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Matter_Particle_Explorer" title="Dark Matter Particle Explorer">DAMPE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_Probe" title="Einstein Probe">Einstein Probe</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_X-ray_Modulation_Telescope" title="Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope">HXMT (Insight)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTEGRAL" title="INTEGRAL">INTEGRAL</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2002)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermi_Gamma-ray_Space_Telescope" title="Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope">Fermi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_Wave_High-energy_Electromagnetic_Counterpart_All-sky_Monitor" title="Gravitational Wave High-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor">GECAM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IXPE" title="IXPE">IXPE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektr-RG" title="Spektr-RG">Spektr-RG</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Variable_Objects_Monitor" title="Space Variable Objects Monitor">SVOM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory">Swift</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Valier_(satellite)" title="Max Valier (satellite)">Max Valier Sat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAXI_(ISS_Experiment)" class="mw-redirect" title="MAXI (ISS Experiment)">MAXI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2009)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_X-ray_Solar_Spectrometer_CubeSat" title="Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat">MinXSS-2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron_Star_Interior_Composition_Explorer" title="Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer">NICER</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuSTAR" title="NuSTAR">NuSTAR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2012)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobster_Eye_Imager_for_Astronomy" title="Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy">LEIA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2022)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-Ray_Imaging_and_Spectroscopy_Mission" title="X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission">XRISM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XPoSat" title="XPoSat">XPoSat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMM-Newton" title="XMM-Newton">XMM-Newton</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1999)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other (particle<br />or unclassified)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Composition_Explorer" title="Advanced Composition Explorer">ACE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1997)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Magnetic_Spectrometer" title="Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer">AMS-02</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2011)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calorimetric_Electron_Telescope" title="Calorimetric Electron Telescope">CALET</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Matter_Particle_Explorer" title="Dark Matter Particle Explorer">DAMPE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Boundary_Explorer" title="Interstellar Boundary Explorer">IBEX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Ray_Energetics_and_Mass_Experiment#ISS-CREAM" title="Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass Experiment">ISS-CREAM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JEM-EUSO" title="JEM-EUSO">Mini-EUSO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory" title="Solar and Heliospheric Observatory">SOHO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PETREL" title="PETREL">PETREL</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2025)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPHEREx" title="SPHEREx">SPHEREx</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2025)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JEM-EUSO" title="JEM-EUSO">K-EUSO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2026)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope" title="Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope">Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2026)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PLATO_(spacecraft)" title="PLATO (spacecraft)">PLATO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2026)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuntian" title="Xuntian">Xuntian</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2026)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Spectrometer_and_Imager" title="Compton Spectrometer and Imager">COSI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2027)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_26#Scientific_payload" title="Luna 26">LORD</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2027)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEO_Surveyor" title="NEO Surveyor">NEO Surveyor</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2027)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JASMINE_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="JASMINE (satellite)">JASMINE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2028)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar-C_EUVST" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar-C EUVST">Solar-C EUVST</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2028)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARIEL" title="ARIEL">ARIEL</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2029)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektr-UV" title="Spektr-UV">Spektr-UV</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2030)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UVEX" title="UVEX">UVEX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2030)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektr-M" title="Spektr-M">Spektr-M</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2030+)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiteBIRD" title="LiteBIRD">LiteBIRD</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2032)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiji_Program_in_Space" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiji Program in Space">Taiji</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2033)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Telescope_for_High_Energy_Astrophysics" title="Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics">Athena</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2035)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_Interferometer_Space_Antenna" title="Laser Interferometer Space Antenna">LISA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2035)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_proposed_space_observatories" class="mw-redirect" title="List of proposed space observatories">Proposed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcus_(satellite)" title="Arcus (satellite)">Arcus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astro-1_Telescope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astro-1 Telescope (page does not exist)">Astro-1 Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AstroSat-2" title="AstroSat-2">AstroSat-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exoplanetary_Circumstellar_Environments_and_Disk_Explorer" title="Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer">EXCEDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresnel_Imager" class="mw-redirect" title="Fresnel Imager">Fresnel Imager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FOCAL_(spacecraft)" title="FOCAL (spacecraft)">FOCAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Solar_Space_Telescope" title="Galileo Solar Space Telescope">GSST-PMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitable_Exoplanets_Observatory" title="Habitable Exoplanets Observatory">HabEx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitable_Worlds_Observatory" title="Habitable Worlds Observatory">HWO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertelescope" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypertelescope">Hypertelescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Observatory" title="International Lunar Observatory">ILO-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAXI_(ISS_experiment)#iWF-MAXI" title="MAXI (ISS experiment)">iWF-MAXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JEM-EUSO" title="JEM-EUSO">JEM-EUSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Ultraviolet_Cosmic_Imager" title="Lunar Ultraviolet Cosmic Imager">LUCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_Ultraviolet_Optical_Infrared_Surveyor" title="Large Ultraviolet Optical Infrared Surveyor">LUVOIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_X-ray_Observatory" title="Lynx X-ray Observatory">Lynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nano-JASMINE" title="Nano-JASMINE">Nano-JASMINE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautilus_Deep_Space_Observatory" title="Nautilus Deep Space Observatory">Nautilus Deep Space Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Worlds_Mission" title="New Worlds Mission">New Worlds Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_National_Reconnaissance_Office_space_telescope_donation_to_NASA" title="2012 National Reconnaissance Office space telescope donation to NASA">NRO donation to NASA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Binary_Black_Hole_Investigation_Satellite" title="Orbiting Binary Black Hole Investigation Satellite">ORBIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origins_Space_Telescope" title="Origins Space Telescope">OST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FOXSI_Sounding_Rocket" title="FOXSI Sounding Rocket">PhoENiX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar-D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solar-D (page does not exist)">Solar-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Solar_Telescope" title="Space Solar Telescope">Space Solar Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescope_for_Habitable_Exoplanets_and_Interstellar/Intergalactic_Astronomy" title="Telescope for Habitable Exoplanets and Interstellar/Intergalactic Astronomy">THEIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THESEUS_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="THESEUS (satellite)">THESEUS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AGILE_(satellite)" title="AGILE (satellite)">AGILE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2007–2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akari_(satellite)" title="Akari (satellite)">Akari (Astro-F)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006–2011)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Array_of_Low_Energy_X-ray_Imaging_Sensors" title="Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging Sensors">ALEXIS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993–2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alouette_1" title="Alouette 1">Alouette 1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1962–1972)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_1" title="Ariel 1">Ariel 1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1962, 1964)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_2" title="Ariel 2">Ariel 2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1964)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_3" title="Ariel 3">Ariel 3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1967–1969)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_4" title="Ariel 4">Ariel 4</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971–1972)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_5" title="Ariel 5">Ariel 5</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1974–1980)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariel 6">Ariel 6</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1982)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASTERIA_(spacecraft)" title="ASTERIA (spacecraft)">ASTERIA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017–2019)</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ATM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973–1974)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Satellite_for_Cosmology_and_Astrophysics" title="Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics">ASCA (Astro-D)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993–2000)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-35" title="STS-35">Astro-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Band_X-ray_Telescope" title="Broad Band X-ray Telescope">BBXRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkins_Ultraviolet_Telescope" title="Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope">HUT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-67" title="STS-67">Astro-2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hopkins_Ultraviolet_Telescope" title="Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope">HUT</a>) <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astron_(spacecraft)" title="Astron (spacecraft)">Astron</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1991)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Netherlands_Satellite" title="Astronomical Netherlands Satellite">ANS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1974–1976)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeppoSAX" title="BeppoSAX">BeppoSAX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996–2003)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHIPSat" class="mw-redirect" title="CHIPSat">CHIPSat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Gamma_Ray_Observatory" title="Compton Gamma Ray Observatory">Compton (CGRO)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1991–2000)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoRoT" title="CoRoT">CoRoT</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cos-B" title="Cos-B">Cos-B</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1975–1982)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">COBE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1989–1993)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CXBN-2" title="CXBN-2">CXBN-2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017–2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-54#Mission_highlights" title="STS-54">DXS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPOXI#EPOCh" title="EPOXI">EPOCh</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPOXI" title="EPOXI">EPOXI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_11" title="Explorer 11">Explorer 11</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1961)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EXOSAT" title="EXOSAT">EXOSAT</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1986)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_Ultraviolet_Explorer" title="Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer">EUVE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1992–2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Ultraviolet_Spectroscopic_Explorer" title="Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer">FUSE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999–2007)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvant-1" title="Kvant-1">Kvant-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987–2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GALEX" title="GALEX">GALEX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_(satellite)" title="Gamma (satellite)">Gamma</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–1992)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginga_(satellite)" title="Ginga (satellite)">Ginga (Astro-C)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987–1991)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granat" title="Granat">Granat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1989–1998)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakucho" title="Hakucho">Hakucho (CORSA-b)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1985)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HALCA" title="HALCA">HALCA (MUSES-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1997–2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Astronomy_Observatory_1" title="High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1">HEAO-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1977–1979)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herschel_Space_Observatory" title="Herschel Space Observatory">Herschel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinotori_(satellite)" title="Hinotori (satellite)">Hinotori (Astro-A)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1981–1991)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisaki_(satellite)" title="Hisaki (satellite)">Hisaki (SPRINT-A)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2013–2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_Observatory" title="Einstein Observatory">HEAO-2 (Einstein Obs.)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978–1982)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Astronomy_Observatory_3" title="High Energy Astronomy Observatory 3">HEAO-3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1981)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Transient_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="High Energy Transient Explorer">HETE-2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2000–2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hipparcos" title="Hipparcos">Hipparcos</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1989–1993)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Observatory" title="International Lunar Observatory">ILO-X</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRAS" title="IRAS">IRAS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Flyer_Unit#Experimentation_data" title="Space Flyer Unit">IRTS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995–1996)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_Space_Observatory" title="Infrared Space Observatory">ISO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996–1998)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Ultraviolet_Explorer" title="International Ultraviolet Explorer">IUE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978–1996)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Remote_Sensing_Programme" title="Indian Remote Sensing Programme">IXAE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996–2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler_space_telescope" title="Kepler space telescope">Kepler</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristall" title="Kristall">Kristall</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LEGRI" title="LEGRI">LEGRI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1997–2002)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LISA_Pathfinder" title="LISA Pathfinder">LISA Pathfinder</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2015–2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_X-ray_Solar_Spectrometer_CubeSat" title="Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat">MinXSS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2015–2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOST_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="MOST (satellite)">MOST</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midcourse_Space_Experiment" title="Midcourse Space Experiment">MSX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996–1997)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhailo_Lomonosov_(satellite)" title="Mikhailo Lomonosov (satellite)">Mikhailo Lomonosov</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2016–2019?)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory_2" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory 2">OAO-2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1968–1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory#OAO-3_(Copernicus)" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory">OAO-3 (Copernicus)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1972–1981)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">Orbiting Solar Observatory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OSO_1" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 1">OSO 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">OSO B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_3" title="OSO 3">OSO 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_4" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 4">OSO 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_5" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 5">OSO 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_6" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 6">OSO 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_7" title="OSO 7">OSO 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_8" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 8">OSO 8</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(space_telescope)" title="Orion (space telescope)">Orion 1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(space_telescope)" title="Orion (space telescope)">Orion 2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAMELA_detector" title="PAMELA detector">PAMELA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006–2016)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PicSat" title="PicSat">PicSat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planck_(spacecraft)" title="Planck (spacecraft)">Planck</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RELIKT-1" title="RELIKT-1">RELIKT-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1984)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuven_Ramaty_High_Energy_Solar_Spectroscopic_Imager" title="Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager">R/HESSI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2002–2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROSAT" title="ROSAT">ROSAT</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–1999)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossi_X-ray_Timing_Explorer" title="Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer">RXTE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995–2012)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Anomalous_and_Magnetospheric_Particle_Explorer" title="Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer">SAMPEX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1992–2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Astronomy_Satellite_2" title="Small Astronomy Satellite 2">SAS-B</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1972–1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Astronomy_Satellite_3" title="Small Astronomy Satellite 3">SAS-C</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1975–1979)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solwind" title="Solwind">Solwind</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1985)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektr-R" title="Spektr-R">Spektr-R</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2011–2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzer_Space_Telescope" title="Spitzer Space Telescope">Spitzer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzaku_(satellite)" title="Suzaku (satellite)">Suzaku (Astro-EII)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2005–2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Radiation_and_Thermospheric_Satellite" title="Solar Radiation and Thermospheric Satellite">Taiyo (SRATS)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1975–1980)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenma" title="Tenma">Tenma (Astro-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1985)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uhuru_(satellite)" title="Uhuru (satellite)">Uhuru</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1970–1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_3" title="Vanguard 3">Vanguard 3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1959)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe" title="Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe">WMAP</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2001–2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer">WISE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohkoh" title="Yohkoh">Yokoh (Solar-A)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1991–2001)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hibernating <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Mission completed)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Submillimeter_Wave_Astronomy_Satellite" title="Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite">SWAS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRACE" title="TRACE">TRACE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2010)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lost/Failed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory#OAO-1" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory">OAO-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1966)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory#OAO-B" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory">OAO-B</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1970)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Radiation_Satellite" title="Cosmic Radiation Satellite">CORSA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1976)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CXBN" title="CXBN">CXBN</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2012–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">OSO C</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1965)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABRIXAS" title="ABRIXAS">ABRIXAS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Transient_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="High Energy Transient Explorer">HETE-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_Field_Infrared_Explorer" title="Wide Field Infrared Explorer">WIRE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzaku_(satellite)#ASTRO-E" title="Suzaku (satellite)">Astro-E</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2000)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSUBAME_(satellite)" title="TSUBAME (satellite)">Tsubame</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2014–2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitomi_(satellite)" title="Hitomi (satellite)">Hitomi (Astro-H)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2016)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aelita_(spacecraft)" title="Aelita (spacecraft)">Aelita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AOSO" class="mw-redirect" title="AOSO">AOSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astro-G" title="Astro-G">Astro-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation-X_Observatory" title="Constellation-X Observatory">Constellation-X</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darwin_(spacecraft)" title="Darwin (spacecraft)">Darwin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Energy_Space_Telescope" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark Energy Space Telescope">Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EChO" title="EChO">EChO</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eddington_(spacecraft)" title="Eddington (spacecraft)">Eddington</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-sky_Astrometric_Mapping_Explorer" title="Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer">FAME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Infrared_Exoplanet_Spectroscopy_Survey_Explorer" title="Fast Infrared Exoplanet Spectroscopy Survey Explorer">FINESSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_and_Extreme_Magnetism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravity and Extreme Magnetism">GEMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Origins_Probe" title="Hubble Origins Probe">HOP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_X-ray_Observatory" title="International X-ray Observatory">IXO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Dark_Energy_Mission" title="Joint Dark Energy Mission">JDEM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LOFT" title="LOFT">LOFT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_J" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO J">OSO J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_K" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO K">OSO K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentinel_Space_Telescope" title="Sentinel Space Telescope">Sentinel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Interferometry_Mission" title="Space Interferometry Mission">SIM & SIMlite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernova/Acceleration_Probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Supernova/Acceleration Probe">SNAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPICA_(spacecraft)" title="SPICA (spacecraft)">SPICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Polarization_Observatory" title="Sky Polarization Observatory">SPOrt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAUVEX" title="TAUVEX">TAUVEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_Planet_Finder" title="Terrestrial Planet Finder">TPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEUS" title="XEUS">XEUS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XIPE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XIPE (page does not exist)">XIPE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Observatories_program" title="Great Observatories program">Great Observatories program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_space_telescopes" title="List of space telescopes">List of space telescopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_proposed_space_telescopes" title="List of proposed space telescopes">List of proposed space telescopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_telescope" title="X-ray telescope">X-ray telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heliophysics_missions" title="List of heliophysics missions">List of heliophysics missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_planetariums" title="List of planetariums">List of planetariums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Space_telescopes" title="Category:Space telescopes">Category:Space telescopes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Solar_space_missions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sun_spacecraft" title="Template:Sun spacecraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sun_spacecraft" title="Template talk:Sun spacecraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sun_spacecraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sun spacecraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Solar_space_missions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sun#Solar_space_missions" title="Sun">Solar space missions</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heliophysics_missions" title="List of heliophysics missions">List of heliophysics missions</a> - <a href="/wiki/List_of_solar_telescopes" title="List of solar telescopes">List of solar telescopes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Composition_Explorer" title="Advanced Composition Explorer">ACE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1997)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aditya-L1" title="Aditya-L1">Aditya-L1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Space-based_Solar_Observatory" title="Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory">ASO-S</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2022)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_H-alpha_Solar_Explorer" title="Chinese H-alpha Solar Explorer">CHASE (Xihe)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory">DSCOVR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinode_(satellite)" title="Hinode (satellite)">Hinode (Solar-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interface_Region_Imaging_Spectrograph" title="Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph">IRIS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parker_Solar_Probe" title="Parker Solar Probe">Parker Solar Probe</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory" title="Solar and Heliospheric Observatory">Solar and Heliospheric Observatory</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Dynamics_Observatory" title="Solar Dynamics Observatory">Solar Dynamics Observatory</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_(spacecraft)" title="Wind (spacecraft)"><i>Wind</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1994)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Apollo Telescope Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CORONAS_programme#CORONAS-I" title="CORONAS programme">CORONAS-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CORONAS_programme#CORONAS-F" title="CORONAS programme">CORONAS-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koronas-Foton" title="Koronas-Foton">CORONAS-Photon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Retrievable_Carrier" title="European Retrievable Carrier">EURECA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESRO_2B" title="ESRO 2B">ESRO 2B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_(spacecraft)" title="Genesis (spacecraft)"><i>Genesis</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOES_13" title="GOES 13">GOES 13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios_(spacecraft)" title="Helios (spacecraft)"><i>Helios</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinotori_(satellite)" title="Hinotori (satellite)">Hinotori (Astro-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_50" title="Explorer 50">IMP-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISEE-1" title="ISEE-1">ISEE-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISEE-2" title="ISEE-2">ISEE-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cometary_Explorer" title="International Cometary Explorer">ICE / ISEE-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_X-ray_Solar_Spectrometer_CubeSat" title="Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat">MinXSS1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_X-ray_Solar_Spectrometer_CubeSat" title="Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat">MinXSS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">Orbiting Solar Observatory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OSO_1" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 1">OSO 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_2" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 2">OSO 2</a>/<a href="/wiki/OSO_B" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO B">OSO B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_3" title="OSO 3">OSO 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_4" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 4">OSO 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_5" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 5">OSO 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_6" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 6">OSO 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_7" title="OSO 7">OSO 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_8" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 8">OSO 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solwind" title="Solwind">Solwind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picard_(satellite)" title="Picard (satellite)">PICARD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_5" title="Pioneer 5">Pioneer 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_6,_7,_8,_and_9" title="Pioneer 6, 7, 8, and 9">Pioneer 6, 7, 8 and 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PROBA-2" title="PROBA-2">PROBA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prognoz_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prognoz (satellite)">Prognoz programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuven_Ramaty_High_Energy_Solar_Spectroscopic_Imager" title="Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager">RHESSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOLAR_(ISS)" title="SOLAR (ISS)">SOLAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Maximum_Mission" title="Solar Maximum Mission">SolarMax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-87#SPARTAN-201" title="STS-87">Spartan 201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Radiation_and_Thermospheric_Satellite" title="Solar Radiation and Thermospheric Satellite">Taiyo (SRATS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRACE" title="TRACE">TRACE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(spacecraft)" title="Ulysses (spacecraft)"><i>Ulysses</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohkoh" title="Yohkoh">Yohkoh (Solar-A)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PROBA-3" title="PROBA-3">PROBA-3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrojet_Zeeman_Imaging_Explorer" title="Electrojet Zeeman Imaging Explorer">Electrojet Zeeman Imaging Explorer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2025)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polarimeter_to_Unify_the_Corona_and_Heliosphere" title="Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere">PUNCH</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2025)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Weather_Follow_On-Lagrange_1" title="Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1">SWFO-L1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2025)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandem_Reconnection_and_Cusp_Electrodynamics_Reconnaissance_Satellites" title="Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites">TRACERS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2025)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOLAR-C" title="SOLAR-C">SOLAR-C</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2028)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HelioSwarm" title="HelioSwarm">HelioSwarm</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2028)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESA_Vigil" title="ESA Vigil"><i>Vigil</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2031)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADAHELI" title="ADAHELI">ADAHELI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science-Enabling_Technologies_for_Heliophysics" title="Science-Enabling Technologies for Heliophysics">SETH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundiver_(space_mission)" title="Sundiver (space mission)">Sundiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Solar_Space_Telescope" title="Galileo Solar Space Telescope">GSST</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AOSO" class="mw-redirect" title="AOSO">AOSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_H" title="Pioneer H">Pioneer H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">OSO J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">OSO K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Cruiser" title="Solar Cruiser">Solar Cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Sentinels" title="Solar Sentinels">Solar Sentinels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lost</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_E" class="mw-redirect" title="Pioneer E">Pioneer E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_C" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO C">OSO C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sun-Earth</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Radiation_and_Climate_Experiment" title="Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment">SORCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_X-ray_Imager" title="Solar X-ray Imager">SXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACRIMSAT" title="ACRIMSAT">ACRIMSAT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Missions_to_the_Sun" title="Category:Missions to the Sun">Category</a></li></ul> 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