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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Retina</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">5,631 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Retina</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Retina">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13297927" data-work_id="13297927" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13297927/Visual_Symptoms_and_Retinal_Straylight_after_Laser_Peripheral_Iridotomy_The_Zhongshan_Angle_Closure_Prevention_Trial">Visual Symptoms and Retinal Straylight after Laser Peripheral Iridotomy: The Zhongshan Angle-Closure Prevention Trial</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) on forward-scatter of light and subjective visual symptoms and to identify LPI parameters influencing these phenomena. DESIGN: Cohort study derived from a randomized... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13297927" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) on forward-scatter of light and subjective visual symptoms and to identify LPI parameters influencing these phenomena. DESIGN: Cohort study derived from a randomized trial, using an external control group. PARTICIPANTS: Chinese subjects initially aged 50 or older and 70 years or younger with bilateral narrow angles undergoing LPI in 1 eye selected at random, and age- and gender-matched controls. METHODS: Eighteen months after laser, LPI-treated subjects underwent digital iris photography and photogrammetry to characterize the size and location of the LPI, Lens Opacity Classification System III cataract grading, and measurement of retinal straylight (C-Quant; OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany) in the treated and untreated eyes and completed a visual symptoms questionnaire. Controls answered the questionnaire and underwent straylight measurement and (in a random one-sixth sample) cataract grading. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Retina...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13297927" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8d80373b9a621db9054d63ec7a5508f5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45497790,"asset_id":13297927,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45497790/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4OTAyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32547541" href="https://qub.academia.edu/NathanCongdon">Nathan Congdon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32547541" type="text/json">{"id":32547541,"first_name":"Nathan","last_name":"Congdon","domain_name":"qub","page_name":"NathanCongdon","display_name":"Nathan Congdon","profile_url":"https://qub.academia.edu/NathanCongdon?f_ri=117200","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32547541/80338835/68916862/s65_nathan.congdon.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13297927 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13297927"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13297927, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13297927", }); 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The mechanisms and molecules that direct this pathfinding are the topics of this review. Growth cones appear to be guided by at... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62906756" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Neuronal growth cones navigate over long distances along specific pathways to find their correct targets. The mechanisms and molecules that direct this pathfinding are the topics of this review. 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Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=117200"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=117200"},{"id":289330,"name":"Prevalence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prevalence?f_ri=117200"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=117200"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=117200"},{"id":584615,"name":"Disease Progression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_Progression?f_ri=117200"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=117200"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22101960" 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window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_22101960"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_22101960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22101960"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22101960; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22101960]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22101960").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { 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type="text/json">{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37834" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting">Western blotting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37834" type="text/json">{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22101960]'), work: {"id":22101960,"title":"Expression of Acute-Phase Response Proteins in Retinal Muller Cells in Diabetes","created_at":"2016-02-17T08:25:00.144-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22101960/Expression_of_Acute_Phase_Response_Proteins_in_Retinal_Muller_Cells_in_Diabetes?f_ri=117200","dom_id":"work_22101960","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42771969,"asset_id":22101960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43406310,"first_name":"Ildiko","last_name":"Toth","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IldikoToth2","display_name":"Ildiko Toth","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IldikoToth2?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3701,"name":"RNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":96573,"name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetic_Retinopathy?f_ri=117200"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=117200"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=117200"},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=117200"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats?f_ri=117200"},{"id":709138,"name":"Acute Phase Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acute_Phase_Proteins?f_ri=117200"},{"id":1035950,"name":"Acute Phase Response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acute_Phase_Response?f_ri=117200"},{"id":1763968,"name":"Gene Expression Regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Expression_Regulation?f_ri=117200"},{"id":1810445,"name":"Gene expression profiling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression_profiling?f_ri=117200"},{"id":1924712,"name":"Interleukin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interleukin?f_ri=117200"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18142550" data-work_id="18142550" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18142550/FACTORS_ASSOCIATED_WITH_REDUCED_VISUAL_ACUITY_DURING_LONG_TERM_FOLLOW_UP_OF_PATIENTS_WITH_IDIOPATHIC_CENTRAL_SEROUS_CHORIORETINOPATHY">FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED VISUAL ACUITY DURING LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To investigate factors associated with reduced visual acuity during long-term follow-up of patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (ICSC). Retrospective consecutive case series that included patients with ICSC who were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18142550" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To investigate factors associated with reduced visual acuity during long-term follow-up of patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (ICSC). Retrospective consecutive case series that included patients with ICSC who were younger than 50 years of age at the time of initial examination and were followed up for &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =3 years. The mean follow-up for 101 involved eyes of 61 patients was 9.8 years (median, 8.0 years). Eyes were stratified into two groups based on visual acuity at the final examination: Group 1, visual acuity of 2040 or better; and Group 2, visual acuity of worse than 2040. Findings identified as potential risk factors for reduced vision at the final follow-up examinations for Group 1 versus Group 2 included the following: macular retinal pigment epithelium atrophy (90.8% versus 96.0%, respectively; P = 0.68); persistent pigment epithelial detachment or persistent subretinal fluid (5.3% versus 28.0%, respectively; P = 0.004); recurrences (39.5% versus 68.0%, respectively; P = 0.020); laser treatment (28.9% versus 32.0%, respectively; P = 0.80); and submacular choroidal neovascularization (0.0 versus 8.0%, respectively; P = 0.059). Factors associated with reduced visual acuity during long-term follow-up of patients with ICSC included persistent pigment epithelial detachment and/or subretinal fluid, recurrences, and submacular choroidal neovascularization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18142550" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ad4409065d81752db7be5656f9729c50" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42190168,"asset_id":18142550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42190168/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4OTAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38104913" href="https://miami.academia.edu/HarryFlynn">Harry Flynn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38104913" type="text/json">{"id":38104913,"first_name":"Harry","last_name":"Flynn","domain_name":"miami","page_name":"HarryFlynn","display_name":"Harry Flynn","profile_url":"https://miami.academia.edu/HarryFlynn?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18142550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18142550"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18142550, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18142550", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18142550]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18142550").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18142550").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18142550"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98925" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female">Female</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="98925" type="text/json">{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="111545" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male">Male</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="111545" type="text/json">{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18142550]'), work: {"id":18142550,"title":"FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED VISUAL ACUITY DURING LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY","created_at":"2015-11-11T04:45:28.271-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18142550/FACTORS_ASSOCIATED_WITH_REDUCED_VISUAL_ACUITY_DURING_LONG_TERM_FOLLOW_UP_OF_PATIENTS_WITH_IDIOPATHIC_CENTRAL_SEROUS_CHORIORETINOPATHY?f_ri=117200","dom_id":"work_18142550","summary":"To investigate factors associated with reduced visual acuity during long-term follow-up of patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (ICSC). Retrospective consecutive case series that included patients with ICSC who were younger than 50 years of age at the time of initial examination and were followed up for \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =3 years. The mean follow-up for 101 involved eyes of 61 patients was 9.8 years (median, 8.0 years). Eyes were stratified into two groups based on visual acuity at the final examination: Group 1, visual acuity of 2040 or better; and Group 2, visual acuity of worse than 2040. Findings identified as potential risk factors for reduced vision at the final follow-up examinations for Group 1 versus Group 2 included the following: macular retinal pigment epithelium atrophy (90.8% versus 96.0%, respectively; P = 0.68); persistent pigment epithelial detachment or persistent subretinal fluid (5.3% versus 28.0%, respectively; P = 0.004); recurrences (39.5% versus 68.0%, respectively; P = 0.020); laser treatment (28.9% versus 32.0%, respectively; P = 0.80); and submacular choroidal neovascularization (0.0 versus 8.0%, respectively; P = 0.059). Factors associated with reduced visual acuity during long-term follow-up of patients with ICSC included persistent pigment epithelial detachment and/or subretinal fluid, recurrences, and submacular choroidal neovascularization.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42190168,"asset_id":18142550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38104913,"first_name":"Harry","last_name":"Flynn","domain_name":"miami","page_name":"HarryFlynn","display_name":"Harry Flynn","profile_url":"https://miami.academia.edu/HarryFlynn?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=117200"},{"id":137516,"name":"Follow-up studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Follow-up_studies?f_ri=117200"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=117200"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=117200"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=117200"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=117200"},{"id":469022,"name":"Vision Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision_Disorders?f_ri=117200"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=117200"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=117200"},{"id":990525,"name":"Retinal Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_Diseases?f_ri=117200"},{"id":1367983,"name":"Exudates and Transudates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exudates_and_Transudates?f_ri=117200"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17526771" data-work_id="17526771" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17526771/Zebrafish_retinal_mutants">Zebrafish retinal mutants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We have initiated a genetic analysis of the zebrafish visual system to identify novel molecules involved in vertebrate retinal function. Zebrafish are highly visual; they have four types of cones as well as rod photoreceptors, making it... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17526771" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We have initiated a genetic analysis of the zebrafish visual system to identify novel molecules involved in vertebrate retinal function. Zebrafish are highly visual; they have four types of cones as well as rod photoreceptors, making it possible to study both rod and cone-mediated visual responses. To identify visual mutants, optokinetic responses of mutagenized larvae are measured in a three-generation screen for recessive mutations. By measuring visual behavior our genetic screen has been targeted towards identifying mutants that do not have gross morphological abnormalities. The electroretinogram (ERG) of optokinetic-defective mutants is recorded and their retinas are examined histologically to localize defects to the retina. In this report, we summarize our screening results and ERG and histological analyses of the five morphologically normal mutants we have analyzed to date. Additionally, the more detailed characterization of a red-blind mutant that we have isolated is summariz...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17526771" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4210ef8785aa96bc4a0f0f7236222ec8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42251458,"asset_id":17526771,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42251458/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4OTAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37298557" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SusanBrockerhoff">Susan Brockerhoff</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37298557" type="text/json">{"id":37298557,"first_name":"Susan","last_name":"Brockerhoff","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SusanBrockerhoff","display_name":"Susan Brockerhoff","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SusanBrockerhoff?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17526771 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17526771"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17526771, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17526771", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17526771 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17526771; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17526771"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17526771 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17526771"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17526771; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17526771]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17526771").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17526771").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17526771"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="59692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision">Vision</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="59692" type="text/json">{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74780" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation">Mutation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74780" type="text/json">{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84745" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Movement">Movement</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="84745" type="text/json">{"id":84745,"name":"Movement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Movement?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="99234" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals">Animals</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="99234" type="text/json">{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17526771]'), work: {"id":17526771,"title":"Zebrafish retinal mutants","created_at":"2015-10-30T12:08:00.077-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17526771/Zebrafish_retinal_mutants?f_ri=117200","dom_id":"work_17526771","summary":"We have initiated a genetic analysis of the zebrafish visual system to identify novel molecules involved in vertebrate retinal function. Zebrafish are highly visual; they have four types of cones as well as rod photoreceptors, making it possible to study both rod and cone-mediated visual responses. To identify visual mutants, optokinetic responses of mutagenized larvae are measured in a three-generation screen for recessive mutations. By measuring visual behavior our genetic screen has been targeted towards identifying mutants that do not have gross morphological abnormalities. The electroretinogram (ERG) of optokinetic-defective mutants is recorded and their retinas are examined histologically to localize defects to the retina. In this report, we summarize our screening results and ERG and histological analyses of the five morphologically normal mutants we have analyzed to date. Additionally, the more detailed characterization of a red-blind mutant that we have isolated is summariz...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42251458,"asset_id":17526771,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37298557,"first_name":"Susan","last_name":"Brockerhoff","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SusanBrockerhoff","display_name":"Susan Brockerhoff","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SusanBrockerhoff?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":84745,"name":"Movement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Movement?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=117200"},{"id":117270,"name":"Fishes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fishes?f_ri=117200"},{"id":128057,"name":"Light","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Light?f_ri=117200"},{"id":143507,"name":"Eye Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye_Movements?f_ri=117200"},{"id":442493,"name":"Larva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Larva?f_ri=117200"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59961485" data-work_id="59961485" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59961485/A_mechanical_model_of_retinal_detachment">A mechanical model of retinal detachment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present a model of the mechanical and fluid forces associated with exudative retinal detachments where the retinal photoreceptor cells separate, typically from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). By computing the total... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_59961485" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present a model of the mechanical and fluid forces associated with exudative retinal detachments where the retinal photoreceptor cells separate, typically from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). By computing the total fluid volume flow arising from transretinal, vascular and RPE pump currents, we determine the conditions under which the subretinal fluid pressure exceeds the maximum yield stress holding</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59961485" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6587b0a98ba75c0db6a01559fcc03cbe" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73620705,"asset_id":59961485,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73620705/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4OTAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33293299" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChouTom">Tom Chou</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33293299" type="text/json">{"id":33293299,"first_name":"Tom","last_name":"Chou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChouTom","display_name":"Tom Chou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChouTom?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59961485 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59961485"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59961485, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59961485", }); 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By computing the total fluid volume flow arising from transretinal, vascular and RPE pump currents, we determine the conditions under which the subretinal fluid pressure exceeds the maximum yield stress holding","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73620705,"asset_id":59961485,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33293299,"first_name":"Tom","last_name":"Chou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChouTom","display_name":"Tom Chou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChouTom?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":27187,"name":"Retinal Pigment Epithelium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_Pigment_Epithelium?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":31837,"name":"Cell 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It was developed at the Human Interface Technology Laboratory (HIT Lab) by Dr. Thomas A. Furness III. The VRD creates images by scanning low power laser... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51454304" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Virtual Retinal Display (VRD) is a new technology for creating visual images. It was developed at the Human Interface Technology Laboratory (HIT Lab) by Dr. Thomas A. Furness III. The VRD creates images by scanning low power laser light directly onto the retina. This special method results in images that are bright, high contrast and high resolution. In this paper, we describe how the VRD functions, the special consequences of its mechanism of action and potential medical applications of the VRD, including surgical displays and displays for people with low vision. A description of its safety analysis will also be included. In one set of tests we had a number of patients with partial loss of vision view images with the VRD. There were two groups of subjects: patients with macular degeneration, a degenerative disease of the retina and patients with keratoconus. Typical VRD images are on the order of 300 nanowatts. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/23953975/Melatonin_receptors_Localization_molecular_pharmacology_and_physiological_significance">Melatonin receptors: Localization, molecular pharmacology and physiological significance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23953975" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c7eda7e2313240906ebcbda0a21aba5a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44338988,"asset_id":23953975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80037458" data-work_id="80037458" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80037458/Intravitreal_AAV2_COMP_Ang1_prevents_neurovascular_degeneration_in_a_murine_model_of_diabetic_retinopathy">Intravitreal AAV2.COMP-Ang1 prevents neurovascular degeneration in a murine model of diabetic retinopathy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population in the U.S. The vision-threatening processes of neuroglial and vascular dysfunction in DR occur in concert, driven by hyperglycemia and propelled by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80037458" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population in the U.S. The vision-threatening processes of neuroglial and vascular dysfunction in DR occur in concert, driven by hyperglycemia and propelled by a pathway of inflammation, ischemia, vasodegeneration, and breakdown of the blood retinal barrier. Currently, no therapies exist for normalizing the vasculature in DR. Here, we show that a single intravitreal dose of adeno-associated virus serotype 2 encoding a more stable, soluble, and potent form of angiopoietin 1 (AAV2.COMP-Ang1) can ameliorate the structural and functional hallmarks of DR in Ins2Akita mice, with sustained effects observed through six months. In early DR, AAV2.COMP-Ang1 restored leukocyte-endothelial interaction, retinal oxygenation, vascular density, vascular marker expression, vessel permeability, retinal thickness, inner retinal cellularity, and retinal neurophysiological response to levels comparable with nondiabetic control...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80037458" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1c2b48bfbe7a8486e14cd1379939cda4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86552447,"asset_id":80037458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86552447/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4OTAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="52029544" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KortnieWalker">Kortnie Walker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="52029544" type="text/json">{"id":52029544,"first_name":"Kortnie","last_name":"Walker","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KortnieWalker","display_name":"Kortnie Walker","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KortnieWalker?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80037458 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80037458"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80037458, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80037458", }); 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Currently, no therapies exist for normalizing the vasculature in DR. Here, we show that a single intravitreal dose of adeno-associated virus serotype 2 encoding a more stable, soluble, and potent form of angiopoietin 1 (AAV2.COMP-Ang1) can ameliorate the structural and functional hallmarks of DR in Ins2Akita mice, with sustained effects observed through six months. In early DR, AAV2.COMP-Ang1 restored leukocyte-endothelial interaction, retinal oxygenation, vascular density, vascular marker expression, vessel permeability, retinal thickness, inner retinal cellularity, and retinal neurophysiological response to levels comparable with nondiabetic control...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86552447,"asset_id":80037458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52029544,"first_name":"Kortnie","last_name":"Walker","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KortnieWalker","display_name":"Kortnie Walker","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KortnieWalker?f_ri=117200","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4581,"name":"Diabetes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetes?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false},{"id":38443,"name":"Protein 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type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60269" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryotherapy">Cryotherapy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60269" type="text/json">{"id":60269,"name":"Cryotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryotherapy?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=55241382]'), work: {"id":55241382,"title":"Planned Delayed Relaxing Retinotomy for Proliferative 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href="https://www.academia.edu/54597663/Accommodation_stimulus_response_function_and_retinal_image_quality">Accommodation stimulus–response function and retinal image quality</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/54597663" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3ca428f3fbf75fe753bd50e2dff9750a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70886517,"asset_id":54597663,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm 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data-has-card-for-ri="51315" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accommodation">Accommodation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51315" type="text/json">{"id":51315,"name":"Accommodation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accommodation?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="59692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision">Vision</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="59692" type="text/json">{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=54597663]'), work: {"id":54597663,"title":"Accommodation stimulus–response function and retinal image 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology">Immunology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1290" type="text/json">{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98925" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female">Female</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="98925" type="text/json">{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="99234" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals">Animals</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="99234" type="text/json">{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=117200","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="117200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina">Retina</a><script 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