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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railway</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:East-tennessee-virginia-and-georgia-rr1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/East-tennessee-virginia-and-georgia-rr1.jpg/250px-East-tennessee-virginia-and-georgia-rr1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/East-tennessee-virginia-and-georgia-rr1.jpg/375px-East-tennessee-virginia-and-georgia-rr1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/East-tennessee-virginia-and-georgia-rr1.jpg/500px-East-tennessee-virginia-and-georgia-rr1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">1890 map of the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railway</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data">Southeastern United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dates of operation</th><td class="infobox-data">1869–1894</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/East_Tennessee_and_Virginia_Railroad" title="East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad">East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/East_Tennessee_and_Georgia_Railroad" title="East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad">East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Railway (US)">Southern Railway</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Technical</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span>) <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Standard_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard gauge">standard gauge</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Previous gauge</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/5_ft_and_1520_mm_gauge_railways" title="5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">5 ft</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,524 mm</span>)<br /><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> era<br /> and <a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_conversion" title="Track gauge conversion">converted</a> to<br /> <a href="/wiki/Manchester_and_Leeds_Railway" title="Manchester and Leeds Railway"><span class="nowrap">4 ft 9 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,448 mm</span>) in 1886<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad (ETV&G)</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">rail transport</a> system that operated in the southeastern United States during the late 19th century. Created with the consolidation of the <a href="/wiki/East_Tennessee_and_Virginia_Railroad" title="East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad">East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad</a> and the <a href="/wiki/East_Tennessee_and_Georgia_Railroad" title="East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad">East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad</a> in 1869, the ETV&G played an important role in connecting <a href="/wiki/East_Tennessee" title="East Tennessee">East Tennessee</a> and other isolated parts of Southern <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a> with the rest of the country, and helped make <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville</a> one of the region's major <a href="/wiki/Wholesaling" title="Wholesaling">wholesaling</a> centers. In 1894, the ETV&G merged with the <a href="/wiki/Richmond_and_Danville_Railroad" title="Richmond and Danville Railroad">Richmond and Danville Railroad</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Railway (US)">Southern Railway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While efforts to establish a railroad in East Tennessee began in the 1830s, financial difficulties stalled construction until the late 1840s. The East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad was built between 1847 and 1859, connecting <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville, Tennessee</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Dalton,_Georgia" title="Dalton, Georgia">Dalton, Georgia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37Val220_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37Val220-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad was built between 1850 and 1856, connecting Knoxville with <a href="/wiki/Bristol,_Tennessee" title="Bristol, Tennessee">Bristol, Tennessee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37Val220_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37Val220-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Knoxville financier <a href="/wiki/Charles_McClung_McGhee" title="Charles McClung McGhee">Charles McClung McGhee</a> formed a syndicate which purchased both lines to form the ETV&G in 1869, and largely through McGhee's efforts, the new ETV&G bought out numerous other rail lines across the region.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1890, the ETV&G controlled over 2,500 miles (4,000 km) of tracks in five states.<sup id="cite_ref-deaderick_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deaderick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Predecessor_lines">Predecessor lines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Tennessee,_Virginia_and_Georgia_Railway&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Predecessor lines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout the first half of the 19th century, East Tennessee struggled to overcome the economic isolation created by its natural barriers, namely the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge_Mountains" title="Blue Ridge Mountains">Blue Ridge Mountains</a> on the south and east and the <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Plateau" title="Cumberland Plateau">Cumberland Plateau</a> on the north and west. Shortly after the advent of railroads in the 1820s, the region's business leaders began discussing railroad construction as a way to relieve this isolation. In the mid-1830s, several businessmen, among them Knoxville physician <a href="/wiki/J._G._M._Ramsey" title="J. G. M. Ramsey">J. G. M. Ramsey</a>, planned and promoted a line connecting <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati, Ohio">Cincinnati</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston</a> (which would have passed through East Tennessee), but the <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1837" title="Panic of 1837">Panic of 1837</a> doomed this initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1836, a group of businessmen chartered the Hiwassee Railroad, based in <a href="/wiki/Athens,_Tennessee" title="Athens, Tennessee">Athens, Tennessee</a>, which sought to construct a line from Knoxville southward to Dalton, Georgia, where it would join a planned extension of the <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Canal_and_Railroad_Company" title="South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company">Charleston and Hamburg line</a>, providing Knoxville with a link to the Atlantic Coast.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like its competitors with the Cincinnati and Charleston, the Hiwassee ran into financial difficulties, and the Hiwassee Company nearly collapsed. The company was forced to focus on turnpike construction and iron production to survive.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Niota-depot-tn1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Niota-depot-tn1.jpg/210px-Niota-depot-tn1.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Niota-depot-tn1.jpg/315px-Niota-depot-tn1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Niota-depot-tn1.jpg/420px-Niota-depot-tn1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption>Depot in <a href="/wiki/Niota,_Tennessee" title="Niota, Tennessee">Niota, Tennessee</a>, built in 1854 by the East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1844, the Charleston and Hamburg extension to Dalton was completed, and Knoxville and Athens businessmen again entertained the idea of building a rail line to Georgia. The Hiwassee Company was recharted in 1847 as the East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad, and with renewed support from the Tennessee state legislature, work on the line began the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1852, the line had reached Blair's Ferry (modern <a href="/wiki/Loudon,_Tennessee" title="Loudon, Tennessee">Loudon, Tennessee</a>), just southwest of Knoxville. On June 22, 1855, the first train rolled into Knoxville over the East Tennessee and Georgia's tracks.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 4, 1855, as Knoxvillians celebrated the arrival of the railroad, track work began on the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad, which sought to connect Knoxville with <a href="/wiki/Bristol,_Tennessee" title="Bristol, Tennessee">Bristol, Tennessee</a>, where it would join existing tracks to create an unbroken rail line from New York to <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a>. Under the direction of <a href="/wiki/Jonesborough,_Tennessee" title="Jonesborough, Tennessee">Jonesborough</a> physician Samuel B. Cunningham, this line reached <a href="/wiki/New_Market,_Tennessee" title="New Market, Tennessee">New Market</a> in 1856. After overcoming financial and engineering difficulties, the tracks from Knoxville to Bristol were completed on May 14, 1858, with Cunningham personally driving the last spike.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 1850s, virtually every major business and political leader in Knoxville was involved in railroad building. In 1852, congressmen <a href="/wiki/Horace_Maynard" title="Horace Maynard">Horace Maynard</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Montgomery_Churchwell" class="mw-redirect" title="William Montgomery Churchwell">William Montgomery Churchwell</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_H._Crozier" class="mw-redirect" title="John H. Crozier">John H. Crozier</a>, along with attorney <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Perry_Temple" title="Oliver Perry Temple">Oliver Perry Temple</a> and minister <a href="/wiki/Thomas_William_Humes" title="Thomas William Humes">Thomas William Humes</a>, chartered the Knoxville and Kentucky Railroad, which planned to build a line northward into Kentucky, where it would join existing lines to Cincinnati and <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the outbreak of the Civil War, however, this company had laid just nine miles of track.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civil_War">Civil War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Tennessee,_Virginia_and_Georgia_Railway&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Civil War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The railroads in East Tennessee provided a major supply route between Virginia and the Deep South, and thus both Confederate and Union forces considered the region of vital importance. On November 8, 1861, <a href="/wiki/East_Tennessee_bridge-burning_conspiracy" class="mw-redirect" title="East Tennessee bridge-burning conspiracy">East Tennessee Union loyalists destroyed five railroad bridges</a>, forcing the Confederate government to invoke martial law in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout the war, both Confederate and Union forces destroyed railroad tracks and facilities to prevent them from falling under the other's control.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_rise_and_decline_of_the_ETV&G"><span id="The_rise_and_decline_of_the_ETV.26G"></span>The rise and decline of the ETV&G</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Tennessee,_Virginia_and_Georgia_Railway&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The rise and decline of the ETV&G"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles-mcclung-mcghee.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Charles-mcclung-mcghee.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="179" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="124" data-file-height="179" /></a><figcaption>Charles McClung McGhee</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Etvga-railroad-advertisement-1884-tn1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Etvga-railroad-advertisement-1884-tn1.jpg/225px-Etvga-railroad-advertisement-1884-tn1.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Etvga-railroad-advertisement-1884-tn1.jpg/338px-Etvga-railroad-advertisement-1884-tn1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Etvga-railroad-advertisement-1884-tn1.jpg/450px-Etvga-railroad-advertisement-1884-tn1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="763" /></a><figcaption>ETV&G advertisement, 1884</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:East_Tennessee,_Virginia_and_Georgia_RW_1886.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/East_Tennessee%2C_Virginia_and_Georgia_RW_1886.jpg/220px-East_Tennessee%2C_Virginia_and_Georgia_RW_1886.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/East_Tennessee%2C_Virginia_and_Georgia_RW_1886.jpg/330px-East_Tennessee%2C_Virginia_and_Georgia_RW_1886.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/East_Tennessee%2C_Virginia_and_Georgia_RW_1886.jpg/440px-East_Tennessee%2C_Virginia_and_Georgia_RW_1886.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3536" data-file-height="2423" /></a><figcaption>Share of the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railway Company</figcaption></figure> <p>After the war, Knoxville businessman Charles McClung McGhee (1828–1907) and several other investors formed a syndicate which purchased both the East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad and the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad. In 1869, the two lines were consolidated to form the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad, with Thomas Howard Callaway as president, and McGhee and Richard T. Wilson as agents. As a nexus between northern financiers and local interests, McGhee was able to obtain for the ETV&G large amounts of capital, and the new company rapidly expanded.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1869, the ETV&G bought the Knoxville and Kentucky Railroad, which had been revived after the war, and over the subsequent decade extended its tracks to the Kentucky state line at <a href="/wiki/Jellico,_Tennessee" title="Jellico, Tennessee">Jellico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this same period, the ETV&G acquired the <a href="/wiki/Memphis_and_Charleston_Railroad" title="Memphis and Charleston Railroad">Memphis and Charleston Railroad</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which connected Memphis and Chattanooga, the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Southern_Railroad" title="Georgia Southern Railroad">Georgia Southern Railroad</a>, which connected Dalton with <a href="/wiki/Rome,_Georgia" title="Rome, Georgia">Rome, Georgia</a>, and the Macon and Brunswick Railroad, which connected <a href="/wiki/Macon,_Georgia" title="Macon, Georgia">Macon, Georgia</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Brunswick,_Georgia" title="Brunswick, Georgia">Brunswick, Georgia</a> on the Atlantic Coast. By 1882, the ETV&G had completed tracks from Rome to Macon, connecting these last two lines.<sup id="cite_ref-railga_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-railga-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 1880s, the ETV&G managed to build a line through the rugged <a href="/wiki/French_Broad_River" title="French Broad River">French Broad</a> valley along the Tennessee-<a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> state line to join with the Western North Carolina Railroad system, and provide a direct link from Knoxville to <a href="/wiki/Asheville,_North_Carolina" title="Asheville, North Carolina">Asheville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rothrock_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company also built a line connecting its tracks at <a href="/wiki/Clinton,_Tennessee" title="Clinton, Tennessee">Clinton</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Southern_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Southern Railway">Cincinnati Southern Railway</a> tracks at <a href="/wiki/Harriman,_Tennessee" title="Harriman, Tennessee">Harriman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-deaderick_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deaderick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1890, the ETV&G controlled 2,500 miles (4,000 km) of tracks, stretching as far south as <a href="/wiki/Meridian,_Mississippi" title="Meridian, Mississippi">Meridian, Mississippi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mobile,_Alabama" title="Mobile, Alabama">Mobile, Alabama</a>, westward to Memphis, and eastward to Brunswick.<sup id="cite_ref-map_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the mid-1880s, overspeculation in railroad construction began to take its toll on the ETV&G's finances. In 1886, the company was reorganized as the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Rail<i>way</i> (as opposed to "Rail<i>road</i>"), and eventually came under the control of the Richmond Terminal Company conglomerate. After the collapse of Richmond Terminal in the early 1890s, New York financier <a href="/wiki/J._P._Morgan" title="J. P. Morgan">J. P. Morgan</a> formed the Southern Railway, which purchased the ETV&G and the <a href="/wiki/Richmond_and_Danville_Railroad" title="Richmond and Danville Railroad">Richmond and Danville Railroad</a>, and consolidated the two in 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-deaderick_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deaderick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1982, the Southern Railway was acquired by the <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Norfolk Southern Corporation">Norfolk Southern Corporation</a>, which currently manages most of the former ETV&G system. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Tennessee,_Virginia_and_Georgia_Railway&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smoky_Mountain_Railroad" title="Smoky Mountain Railroad">Smoky Mountain Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Terminal,_Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Southern Terminal, Knoxville, Tennessee">Southern Terminal, Knoxville, Tennessee</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Tennessee,_Virginia_and_Georgia_Railway&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://southern.railfan.net/ties/1966/66-8/gauge.html">"The Days They Changed the Gauge"</a>. <i>Southern Railfan</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Southern+Railfan&rft.atitle=The+Days+They+Changed+the+Gauge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsouthern.railfan.net%2Fties%2F1966%2F66-8%2Fgauge.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Tennessee%2C+Virginia+and+Georgia+Railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rothrock-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rothrock_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEast_Tennessee_Historical_Society1972" class="citation book cs1">East Tennessee Historical Society (1972). Rothrock, Mary (ed.). <i>The French Broad-Holston Country: A History of Knox County, Tennessee</i>. Knoxville, Tenn.: East Tennessee Historical Society. pp. 100–111, 226–231.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+French+Broad-Holston+Country%3A+A+History+of+Knox+County%2C+Tennessee&rft.place=Knoxville%2C+Tenn.&rft.pages=100-111%2C+226-231&rft.pub=East+Tennessee+Historical+Society&rft.date=1972&rft.au=East+Tennessee+Historical+Society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Tennessee%2C+Virginia+and+Georgia+Railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37Val220-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-37Val220_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-37Val220_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Interstate Commerce Commission. <i>Southern Ry. Co.</i>, Volume 37, Interstate Commerce Commission Valuation Reports, November 6, 1931, p. 220. Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1932. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/297351688">297351688</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-deaderick-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-deaderick_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-deaderick_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-deaderick_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEast_Tennessee_Historical_Society1976" class="citation book cs1">East Tennessee Historical Society (1976). Deaderick, Lucile (ed.). <i>Heart of the Valley: A History of Knoxville, Tennessee</i>. Knoxville, Tenn.: East Tennessee Historical Society. pp. 192–199.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heart+of+the+Valley%3A+A+History+of+Knoxville%2C+Tennessee&rft.place=Knoxville%2C+Tenn.&rft.pages=192-199&rft.pub=East+Tennessee+Historical+Society&rft.date=1976&rft.au=East+Tennessee+Historical+Society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Tennessee%2C+Virginia+and+Georgia+Railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-railga-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-railga_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101128041912/http://railga.com/etvg.html">"East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad"</a>. <i>Georgia Railroad History and Heritage</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://railga.com/etvg.html">the original</a> on November 28, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Georgia+Railroad+History+and+Heritage&rft.atitle=East+Tennessee%2C+Virginia+and+Georgia+Railroad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frailga.com%2Fetvg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Tennessee%2C+Virginia+and+Georgia+Railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-map-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-map_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthews-Northrup_Company1890" class="citation map cs1">Matthews-Northrup Company (1890). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3701p.rr005600"><i>Map of the Shenandoah Valley route via Luray Caverns, Natural Bridge & the Grottos. The Shenandoah Valley R.R. Norfolk & Western R.R. and East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia System and their connections</i></a> (Map). Buffalo, NY<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Map+of+the+Shenandoah+Valley+route+via+Luray+Caverns%2C+Natural+Bridge+%26+the+Grottos.+The+Shenandoah+Valley+R.R.+Norfolk+%26+Western+R.R.+and+East+Tennessee%2C+Virginia+%26+Georgia+System+and+their+connections&rft.place=Buffalo%2C+NY&rft.date=1890&rft.au=Matthews-Northrup+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.loc.gov%2Floc.gmd%2Fg3701p.rr005600&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Tennessee%2C+Virginia+and+Georgia+Railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Tennessee,_Virginia_and_Georgia_Railway&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Aj41AQAAMAAJ&q=east+tennessee+virginia+georgia+railroad">ETV&G's Annual Report for 1889</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101125205511/http://johnsonsdepot.com/southern/index_so.htm">Johnson's Depot</a> — historic depot in <a href="/wiki/Johnson_City,_Tennessee" title="Johnson City, Tennessee">Johnson City, Tennessee</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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