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Advanced Search – Dictionary of Canadian Biography

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</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> <!-- END Top nav content --> <!-- START Header content --> <div id="row-top-section" class="container-fluid"> <div class="row" id="row-breadcrumbs"> <div id="breadcrumbs" class="col-sm-12" data-brx-ls="template_breadcrumbs">Breadcrumbs</div> </div> <!-- jtk 7-apr-2019 reader-mode --> <div class="row reader-mode" id="row-logo"> <div class="col-sm-7" id="col-logo"> <a href="/en/" data-brx-ls="template_home" title="Dictionary of Canadian Biography"><img class="responsive" alt="Dictionary of Canadian Biography" src="/img/dcb_en.svg" data-brx-ls="template_home"></a> </div> <div class="col-sm-5" id="col-search"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row" id="search"> <input type="text" id="simple-search" class="dcb-search simple-input" placeholder="Search" data-brx-ls="template_search"></input> <span data-target="#simple-search" class="dcb-search btn-lg glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" id="search_go"></span> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="float-right" id="tools"> <!-- start standard tools menu --> <nav class="navbar navbar-tools navbar navbar-default"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar"> <li><a href="/en/browse.php" title="Browse content by category" data-brx-ls="template_navtools_browse"><span class="btn-sm glyphicon glyphicon-th-list"></span> <span data-brx-ls="template_navtools_browse_span">Browse</span></a></li> <li><a href="/en/search.php" title="Use options such as Boolean operators and limiters" data-brx-ls="template_navtools_search"><span class="btn-sm glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span> <span data-brx-ls="template_navtools_search_span">Advanced Search</span></a></li> <li><a href="javascript:void(1);" onclick="return startReaderMode();" title="“Reader mode” hides everything but the navigation bar and the footer. To return to regular mode, click on &quot;Exit reader mode&quot; at top left." data-brx-ls="template_navtools_reader"><span class="btn-sm glyphicon glyphicon-book"></span> <span data-brx-ls="template_navtools_reader_span">Reader Mode</span></a></li> <li><a href="javascript:void(1);" onclick="return printDocument();" title="Printer-friendly" data-brx-ls="template_navtools_print"> <span class="btn-sm glyphicon glyphicon-print"></span> <span data-brx-ls="template_navtools_print_span">Printer-friendly</span></a></li> </ul> </nav> <!-- end standard tools menu --> </div><!-- #tools --> </div><!-- .row --> </div><!-- .container-fluid --> </div><!-- #col-search --> </div><!-- #row-logo --> </div><!-- #row-top-section --> <!-- END Header content --> <!-- Element 111 112 113 --> <div style="display:none;" id="announcements" class="row alert-warning col-sm-12 announcements" data-brx-dyn="ajax:content:/en/ajax/announcements.php"> </div> <div id="content-container" class="container-fluid"> <div class="row mobile-logo"> <div class="col-md-12"> <!-- Element 114 115 --> <a href="/en/"><img src="/img/dcb_en_sm.svg" alt="mobile"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-12 .bio-jump"> <!-- insert#jump-link 0 element 116 --> <!-- insert#jump-link 1 element 116 --> </div> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div> <div class="row"> <!-- jtk 7-apr-2019 --> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-lg-3 col-xl-2 content-left reader-mode" id="sidebar"> <div id="sidebar-inner"> <nav class="dcb-generic-sidebar"> <ul class="dcb-pills nav-pills nav-stacked"> <div class="row sidebar-dropdown-extra"> <input type="text" id="nav-search" class="dcb-search simple-input" placeholder="Search" data-brx-ls="template_sidebar_search"></input> <span data-target="#nav-search" class="dcb-search btn-lg glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" id="nav-search_go"></span> </div> <div class="row sidebar-french-home sidebar-dropdown-extra"> <!-- custom:dynamic_feed_6:mobile_menu Element 120 --> <!-- insert#mobile-menu-items 0 Element 120 --> <div class="btn-group btn-group-justified" role="group" aria-label="..."> <div class="btn-group" role="group"> <a href="/fr/recherche.php" title="Version française"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Français</button></a> </div> <div class="btn-group" role="group"> <a href="/en/" title="Home"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Home</button></a> </div> </div> <div class="btn-group btn-group-justified" role="group" aria-label="..."> <div class="btn-group" role="group"> <a href="/en/news_feed.html" title="News"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">News</button></a> </div> <div class="btn-group" role="group"> <a href="/en/about_us.php" title="About Us"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">About Us</button></a> </div> </div> <div class="btn-group btn-group-justified" role="group" aria-label="..."> <div class="btn-group" role="group"> <a href="/en/contact_us_general.php" title="Contact Us"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Contact Us</button></a> </div> <div class="btn-group" role="group"> <a href="/en/contact_us_newsletter.php" title="Subscribe"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Subscribe</button></a> </div> </div> <div class="btn-group btn-group-justified" role="group" aria-label="..."> <div class="btn-group" role="group"> <a target="_blank" href="https://donate.utoronto.ca/dcb/" title="Donate"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Donate</button></a> </div> </div> <!-- insert#mobile-menu-items 1 Element 120 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div> <!-- sidebar-inner --> <!-- nav-OUTLINE --> <!-- Element 550. section-* tags are used to set style to display:none; if the section is not used for the page. --> <nav style="display:none;" class="dcb-generic-sidebar col-theme-grey"> <ul class="dcb-pills nav-pills nav-stacked"> <li role="presentation"> <!-- title#outline-description content#outline-caption element 131 132 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#bio-outline-sidenav" class="accordion-toggle collapsed" aria-expanded="true" title="Outline">Outline</a> <div id="bio-outline-sidenav" class="collapse in" aria-expanded="true"> <!-- listgroup syntax :: listgroup:data_source:format format parameter may be all, start, end, li Regardless of format, each generates list items from data_source. Formats allow us to construct a single list group from multiple sources, to add custom li elements all prints <ul class="list-group"> then the items then </ul> start -> ul, li0...liN, end-> li0...liN, /ul li -> just li0...liN --> <!-- insert#outline-content 0 Element 130 --> <!-- insert#outline-content 1 Element 130 --> <!-- {{example:0}} simple --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / #bio-outline-sidenav --> </li> </ul><!-- .dcb-pills .nav-pills --> </nav> <!-- END nav-OUTLINE --> <!-- <nav style="display:none;" class="dcb-generic-sidebar col-theme-grey"> --> <section style="display:none;"> <!-- insert#outline-full-html 0 Element 130 --> <!-- insert#outline-full-html 1 Element 130 --> </section> <!-- </nav> --> <!--JANUARY 18 2021 JB --> <!-- nav THEMES --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <nav style="display:none;" class="dcb-generic-sidebar col-theme-grey"> <ul class="dcb-pills nav-pills nav-stacked"> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <li style="display:none;" role="presentation"> <!-- title#bio-special-description content#bio-special-caption Element 141 142 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#bio-special-sidenav" class="accordion-toggle" aria-expanded="false" title=""></a> <div id="bio-special-sidenav" class="collapse" aria-expanded="false" style="height: 0px;"> <!-- format: listgroup Element 140 --> <!-- insert#bio-special-list 0 Element 140 --> <!-- insert#bio-special-list 1 Element 140 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / #bio-special-sidenav --> </li> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <li style="display:none;" role="presentation"> <!-- title#bio-topics-description content#bio-topics-caption Element 151 152 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#bio-related-topics-sidenav" class="accordion-toggle" aria-expanded="false" title=""></a> <div id="bio-related-topics-sidenav" class="collapse" aria-expanded="false"> <!-- format: listgroup Element 150 --> <!-- insert#bio-topics-list 0 Element 150 --> <!-- insert#bio-topics-list 1 Element 150 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / #bio-related-topics-sidenav --> </li> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <li style="display:none;" role="presentation"> <!-- title#related-bios-description content#related-bios-caption Element 161 162 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#bio-related-bios-sidenav" class="accordion-toggle" aria-expanded="false" title=""></a> <div id="bio-related-bios-sidenav" class="collapse" aria-expanded="false" style="height: 0px;"> <!-- format: listgroup Element 160 --> <!-- insert#related-bios-list 0 Element 160 --> <!-- insert#related-bios-list 1 Element 160 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / #bio-related-topics-sidenav --> </li> </ul><!-- .dcb-pills .nav-pills --> </nav> <!--END nav THEMES --> <!-- nav PUBLICATION --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <nav style="display:none;" id="content-doc-history-1" class="dcb-generic-sidebar col-theme-grey"> <ul class="dcb-pills nav-pills nav-stacked"> <li role="presentation"> <!-- title#bio-history-description content#bio-history-caption Element 171 172 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#doc-history-1" class="accordion-toggle collapsed" aria-expanded="true" title=""></a> <div id="doc-history-1" class="collapse in" aria-expanded="true"> <!-- format: listgroup Element 170 --> <!-- insert#bio-history-list 0 Element 170 --> <!-- insert#bio-history-list 1 Element 170 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / # --> </li> </ul><!-- .dcb-pills .nav-pills --> </nav> <!--END nav PUBLICATION --> <!-- nav metadata --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <nav style="display:none;" id="content-doc-history-2" class="dcb-generic-sidebar col-theme-grey"> <ul class="dcb-pills nav-pills nav-stacked"> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <li style="display:none;" id="content-doc-history-2-identifiers" role="presentation"> <!-- title#metadata-identifiers-description content#metadata-identifiers-caption Element 181 182 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#doc-history-2-identifiers" class="accordion-toggle" aria-expanded="false" title=""></a> <div id="doc-history-2-identifiers" class="collapse" aria-expanded="false"> <!-- format: listgroup Element 180 --> <!-- insert#metadata-identifiers-list 0 Element 180 --> <!-- insert#metadata-identifiers-list 1 Element 180 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / # --> </li> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <li style="display:none;" id="content-doc-history-2-birth" role="presentation"> <!-- title#metadata-birth-description content#metadata-birth-caption Element 191 192 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#doc-history-2-birth" class="accordion-toggle" aria-expanded="false" title=""></a> <div id="doc-history-2-birth" class="collapse" aria-expanded="false"> <!-- format: listgroup Element 190 --> <!-- insert#metadata-birth-list 0 Element 190 --> <!-- insert#metadata-birth-list 1 Element 190 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / # --> </li> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <li style="display:none;" id="content-doc-history-2-activity" role="presentation"> <!-- title#metadata-activity-description content#metadata-activity-caption Element 201 202 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#doc-history-2-activity" class="accordion-toggle" aria-expanded="false" title=""></a> <div id="doc-history-2-activity" class="collapse" aria-expanded="false"> <!-- format: listgroup Element 200 --> <!-- insert#metadata-activity-list 0 Element 200 --> <!-- insert#metadata-activity-list 1 Element 200 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / # --> </li> </ul><!-- .dcb-pills .nav-pills --> </nav> <!--END nav metadata --> <!-- nav SOCIAL 1 --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <div class="row" style="display:none;" id="sidebar-social-1"> <div class="col-md-12 share-this"> <div class="sharethis-inline-share-buttons st-center st-lang-en st-has-labels st-inline-share-buttons st-animated st-1"> <div class="st-btn st-first" data-network="facebook" style="display: inline-block;"> <img alt="facebook sharing button" src="/img/facebook.svg"> <span class="st-label" data-brx-ls="template_share_facebook">Share</span> </div><!-- .st-btn --> <div class="st-btn st-last" data-network="twitter" style="display: inline-block;"> <img alt="twitter sharing button" src="/img/twitter.svg"> <span class="st-label" data-brx-ls="template_share_twitter">Tweet</span> </div><!-- .st-btn --> </div><!-- .sharethis-inline-share-buttons --> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .share-this --> </div><!-- .row --> <!-- END nav SOCIAL 1 --> <!-- nav RED --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <nav style="" id="sidebar-main-menu" class="dcb-generic-sidebar dcb-generic-sidebar col-theme-red"> <ul class="dcb-pills nav-pills nav-stacked"> <li role="presentation"><a href="/en/new_biographies.html" title="New Biographies" data-brx-ls="template_sidebar_new_bios">New Biographies</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="/en/updated_biographies.html" title="Minor Corrections" data-brx-ls="template_sidebar_updated_bios">Minor Corrections</a></li> <li role="presentation"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#panelBioOfTheDay" class="accordion-toggle collapsed" aria-expanded="true" title="Read the story of a subject who died or was born on this day" data-brx-ls="template_sidebar_botd">Biography of the Day</a> <div id="panelBioOfTheDay" class="collapse in" aria-expanded="true"> <div class="dcb-image-panel dcb-panel panel"> <div class="panel-body"> <div class="botd-dynamic feed-item-sidebar" data-brx-dyn="ajax:content:/en/ajax/botd.php"> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!--feed-item-sidebar--> <div class="see-all"> <strong><a href="/en/bio_of_the_day.html" class="see-all" title="See all previous entries for Biography of the Day" data-brx-ls="template_sidebar_botd_all">See previous</a></strong> </div><!--see-all--> </div><!-- .panel-body --> </div><!-- .dcb-image-panel .dcb-panel .panel --> </div><!-- .collapse / #panelBioOfTheDay --> </li> <li role="presentation"> <!-- title#special-project-description content#special-project-caption Element 211 212 --> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#panelSpecialProjects" class="accordion-toggle collapsed" aria-expanded="true" title="Significant themes in Canadian history and guides for educators">Themes, Essays, and Guides</a> <div id="panelSpecialProjects" class="collapse in" aria-expanded="true"> <!-- format: listgroup-items Element 210 --> <ul class="list-group"> <!-- insert#special-project-items 0 Element 210 --> <li class="list-group-item"><a href="/en/special_1812.html" title="The War of 1812">The War of 1812</a></li> <li class="list-group-item"><a href="/en/special_first_world_war.html" title="The First World War">The First World War</a></li> <li class="list-group-item"><a href="/en/special_confederation.html" title="Confederation">Confederation</a></li> <li class="list-group-item"><a href="/en/special_femmes.html" title="Women in the DCB/DBC">Women in the DCB/DBC</a></li> <!-- insert#special-project-items 1 Element 210 --> <div class="dcb-image-panel dcb-panel panel"> <div class="panel-body"> <div class="see-all"> <a href="/en/gallery_special_projects.html" class="see-all" title="See all Themes, Essays, and Guides" data-brx-ls="template_sidebar_themes_all">See complete list</a> </div> </div><!-- .panel-body --> </div><!-- .dcb-image-panel .dcb-panel .panel --> </ul> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .collapse / #panelSpecialProjects --> </li> </ul><!-- .dcb-pills .nav-pills --> </nav> <!--END nav RED--> <!-- nav SOCIAL 2 --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <div class="row" style="" id="sidebar-social-2"> <div class="col-md-12 share-this"> <div class="sharethis-inline-share-buttons st-center st-lang-en st-has-labels st-inline-share-buttons st-animated st-1"> <div class="st-btn st-first" data-network="facebook" style="display: inline-block;"> <img alt="facebook sharing button" src="/img/facebook.svg"> <span class="st-label" data-brx-ls="template_share_facebook">Share</span> </div><!-- .st-btn --> <div class="st-btn st-last" data-network="twitter" style="display: inline-block;"> <img alt="twitter sharing button" src="/img/twitter.svg"> <span class="st-label" data-brx-ls="template_share_twitter">Tweet</span> </div><!-- .st-btn --> </div><!-- .sharethis-inline-share-buttons --> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .share-this --> </div><!-- .row --> <!-- END nav SOCIAL 2 --> </ul> </nav> </div> </div><!-- /#sidebar --> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-lg-9 col-xl-10 content-area" id="content-area"> <!-- page-content used when bio not published and non-bio pages --> <!-- insert#page-content 0 Element 240 used by non-bio pages --> <!-- vim: set ts=2 sw=2 expandtab : --> <!-- dcb-template:data/advanced-search.html:content-start --> <!-- --> <form id="search-advanced" data-brx-here="true" data-brx-dyn="later"> <!-- start column right --> <div class="col-md-9"><!-- start COLUMN RIGHT --> <div class="row search-content"> <!-- search box caption --> <div class="col-md-12 search-head"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#search-options-container" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="search-options-container"> <span data-brx-ls="search_caption">Search Options</span></a> </div> <!--SEARCH BOX--> <div class="collapse in col-md-12 search-box search-option" aria-expanded="true" id="search-options-container"> <div class="col-md-6 search-option"> <div class="search-top"> <input name="ft_1" id="ft_1" class="metadata-relevant form-control" type="text" aria-label="Search" placeholder="Search" data-brx-ls="search_term" data-brx-dyn="value"></div><!-- .search-top --> <div id="public_search_fulltext"> <div id="public_search_ft-text"> <!-- style#show_ft_2 Element 010 --> <div id="row_ft_2" style="display:block;" class="text_row"> <select id="l_ft_2" name="l_ft_2" class="metadata-relevant select-css" data-brx-dyn="value"> <!-- style#show_ft_2 Element 010 --> <option value="and" data-brx-ls="search_and">And</option> <option value="or" data-brx-ls="search_or">or</option> <option value="not" data-brx-ls="search_not">Not</option> <option value="near" data-brx-ls="search_near">Near</option> </select> <input type="text" id="ft_2" name="ft_2" class="metadata-relevant" size="10" placeholder="Search" data-brx-ls="search_term" data-brx-dyn="value" aria-label="Search"></div><!-- #row_ft_2 --> <!-- style#show_ft_3 Element 020 --> <div id="row_ft_3" style="display:block;" class="text_row"> <select id="l_ft_3" name="l_ft_3" class="metadata-relevant select-css" data-brx-dyn="value"> <option value="and" data-brx-ls="search_and">And</option> <option value="or" data-brx-ls="search_or">or</option> <option value="not" data-brx-ls="search_not">Not</option> <option value="near" data-brx-ls="search_near">Near</option> </select> <input type="text" id="ft_3" name="ft_3" class="metadata-relevant" size="10" placeholder="Search" data-brx-ls="search_term" data-brx-dyn="value" aria-label="Search"></div><!-- #row_ft_3 --> <!-- style#show_ft_4 Element 030 --> <div id="row_ft_4" style="display:none;" class="text_row"> <select id="l_ft_4" name="l_ft_4" class="metadata-relevant select-css" data-brx-dyn="value"> <option value="and" data-brx-ls="search_and">And</option> <option value="or" data-brx-ls="search_or">or</option> <option value="not" data-brx-ls="search_not">Not</option> <option value="near" data-brx-ls="search_near">Near</option> </select> <input type="text" id="ft_4" name="ft_4" class="metadata-relevant" size="10" placeholder="Search" data-brx-ls="search_term" data-brx-dyn="value" aria-label="Search"></div><!-- #row_ft_4 --> <!-- style#show_ft_5 Element 040 --> <div id="row_ft_5" style="display:none;" class="text_row"> <select id="l_ft_5" name="l_ft_5" class="metadata-relevant select-css" data-brx-dyn="value"> <!-- insert#search_options_search 0 Element 041 --> <option value="and" data-brx-ls="search_and">And</option> <option value="or" data-brx-ls="search_or">or</option> <option value="not" data-brx-ls="search_not">Not</option> <option value="near" data-brx-ls="search_near">Near</option> </select> <input type="text" id="ft_5" name="ft_5" class="metadata-relevant" size="10" placeholder="Search" data-brx-ls="search_term" data-brx-dyn="value" aria-label="Search"></div><!-- #row_ft_5 --> </div><!-- #public_search_fulltext--> <div id="divbtn_ft" class="btn-add-field"> <input type="button" id="btn_ft" name="btn_ft" class="search-add-field" title="Click to add another search field" value="Add field +" data-brx-ls="search_add_another" data-brx-dyn="none"> <input type="button" id="btn_go" title="Start search" value="Go" class="search-go" data-brx-ls="search_go" data-brx-dyn="none"> <input type="button" id="btn_clear" title="Clear all search terms on this page" value="Clear" onclick="return clearForm();" data-brx-ls="search_clear" data-brx-dyn="none"> </div><!-- #divbtn_ft --> <div id="divdest_ft" class="search_results"> <div id="dest_ft"> </div><!-- #dest_ft --> </div><!-- #divdest_ft --> </div><!-- xxx --> </div><!-- .col-md-6 search-option --> <!--RIGHT COLUMN --> <div class="col-md-6 search-right"> <div id="public_search_options"> <div id="divpartial" class="form-group"> <input type="checkbox" id="partial" name="partial" data-brx-dyn="check:partial"> <label class="form-check-label" title="When checked, results will include all biographies with words that start with the search term (e.g., “judge” will also return “judges,” “judged,” “judgemental”)" for="partial" data-brx-ls="search_partial">Include Partial Matches</label> </div><!-- #divpartial --> <div id="divstemmed" class="form-group"> <input type="checkbox" id="stemmed" name="stemmed" data-brx-dyn="check:stemmed"> <label class="form-check-label" title="When checked, results will include all biographies with words that contain the root word of the search term (e.g., “judging” will also return “judge,” “judges,” “judged”)" for="stemmed" data-brx-ls="search_stemmed">Include Close Matches</label> </div><!-- #divstemmed --> <div id="divcount" class="form-group"> <label title="" for="" data-brx-ls="search_count">Results per Page:</label> <select id="count" name="count" class="select-css" data-brx-dyn="value"> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="30">30</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div><!-- #divcount --> </div><!-- #public_search_options --> </div><!-- .col-md-6 .search-right --> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .search-box --> </div><!-- .row .search-content --> <!--GENDER--> <div class="row search-content"> <div class="col-md-12 search-head"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#gender-container" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="gender-container"><span data-brx-ls="search_gender">Gender</span></a> </div> <div class="collapse in col-md-12 search-box gender" id="gender-container"> <div id="divg" class="form-group"> <select id="g" name="g" class="metadata-relevant select-css" data-brx-dyn="value"> <option value="" data-brx-ls="search_gender_both">Both</option> <option value="F" data-brx-ls="search_gender_female">Female</option> <option value="M" data-brx-ls="search_gender_male">Male</option> </select> </div><!-- #divg --> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .search-box --> </div><!-- .row .search-content --> <!--end GENDER--> <!--VOLUME--> <div class="row search-content"> <!-- Collapse buttons --> <div class="col-md-12 search-head"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#volume-container" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="volume-container"> <span data-brx-ls="search_volumes">Volume</span> </a> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .search-head --> <!-- / Collapse buttons --> <!-- Collapsible element --> <div class="collapse search-box" id="volume-container"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div id="div-all-volumes"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-dcb" id="all-volumes" data-dismiss="toast" data-brx-ls="search_all_volumes">Select all</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-dcb" id="clear-volumes" data-dismiss="toast" data-brx-ls="search_no_volumes">Select none</button> </div><!-- #div-all-volumes --> </div><!-- xxx --> <div class="col-md-12"> <!-- insert#volume-checks Element 300 --> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v1"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v1" name="v1" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume I (1000-1700)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v2"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v2" name="v2" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume II (1701-1740)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v3"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v3" name="v3" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume III (1741-1770)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v4"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v4" name="v4" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume IV (1771-1800)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v5"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v5" name="v5" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume V (1801-1820)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v6"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v6" name="v6" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume VI (1821-1835)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v7"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v7" name="v7" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume VII (1836-1850)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v8"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v8" name="v8" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume VIII (1851-1860)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v9"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v9" name="v9" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume IX (1861-1870)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v10"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v10" name="v10" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume X (1871-1880)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v11"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v11" name="v11" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XI (1881-1890)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v12"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v12" name="v12" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XII (1891-1900)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v13"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v13" name="v13" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XIII (1901-1910)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v14"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v14" name="v14" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XIV (1911-1920)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v15"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v15" name="v15" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XV (1921-1930)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v16"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v16" name="v16" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XVI (1931-1940)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v17"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v17" name="v17" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XVII (1941-1950)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v18"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v18" name="v18" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XVIII (1951-1960)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v19"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v19" name="v19" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XIX (1961-1970)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v20"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v20" name="v20" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XX (1971-1980)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v21"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v21" name="v21" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XXI (1981-1990)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v22"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v22" name="v22" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XXII (1991-2000)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v23"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v23" name="v23" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XXIII (2001-2010)</label> <label class="form-check-label floated-checkbox metadata-relevant volume-checkbox" title="" for="v24"><input type="checkbox" class="" id="v24" name="v24" data-brx-dyn="check-id-in:volumes">Volume XXIV (2011-2020)</label> <!-- insert#volume-checks Element 300 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!-- .col-md-6 .search-box-right --> </div><!-- #volume-container --> </div><!-- .row .search-content --> <!--BOX 1 OCCUPATIONS MAY 26 JB --> <div class="row search-content show-metadata-container" id="show-occupations-container"> <div class="col-md-12 search-head"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#occupations-container" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="occupations-container" data-brx-ls="search_occupations_caption">Occupations and Other Identifiers</a> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .search-head --> <!-- jtk-2020-10-21 added metadata-option to apply section specific formatting (floated so sizes with elements) --> <div class="col-md-12 collapse in search-box metadata-option" id="occupations-container"> <div class="checkbox-container panel-group clear-both" id="selected-occupations"> </div><!-- #selected-occupations --> <div class="selection-form clear-both" id="selection-form-occupations"> <div class="search-top"> <input id="populate-occupations" type="hidden" value="" data-brx-dyn="value:id"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="expand-selection-form" data-related="selection-form-occupations" data-brx-ls="search_expand_all">Expand all</a> | <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="collapse-selection-form" data-related="selection-form-occupations" data-brx-ls="search_collapse_all">Collapse all</a> | <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="toggle-help collapse-selection-form" data-related="search-help-occupations" data-brx-ls="search_show_help">Show help</a> <div id="search-help-occupations" class="search-help" data-brx-ls="search_occupations_note">Click on a link below, e.g., Agriculture, to reveal categories by which you can limit results. Check the box beside Agriculture if you wish to include all of its sub-categories. Or check the specific one(s) you want (click again to deselect). Each selection is an “and” choice: If you choose both Farmers and Settlers, then search results will include all farmers and all settlers, not just subjects who were both a farmer and a settler. After selecting, use the “up” arrow to go to the top and click GO.</div><!-- #search-help-occupations --> </div><!-- .search-top --> <div class="checkbox-container panel-group" id="group-occupations"> </div><!-- #group-occupations --> </div><!-- #selection-form-occupations --> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .search-box --> </div><!-- .row .search-content --> <!--END BOX 1--> <!--BOX 2 BIRTH MAY 26 JB --> <div class="row search-content show-metadata-container" id="show-birth-container"> <div class="col-md-12 search-head"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#birth-container" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="birth-container" data-brx-ls="search_birth_caption">Region of Birth</a> </div> <!-- jtk-2020-10-21 added metadata-option to apply section specific formatting (floated so sizes with elements) --> <div class="col-md-12 collapse in search-box metadata-option" id="birth-container"> <div class="checkbox-container panel-group clear-both" id="selected-birth"></div><!-- #selected-birth --> <div class="selection-form clear-both" id="selection-form-birth"> <div class="search-top"> <input id="populate-birth" type="hidden" value="" data-brx-dyn="value:id"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="expand-selection-form" data-related="selection-form-birth" data-brx-ls="search_expand_all">Expand all</a> | <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="collapse-selection-form" data-related="selection-form-birth" data-brx-ls="search_collapse_all">Collapse all</a> | <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="toggle-help collapse-selection-form" data-related="search-help-birth" data-brx-ls="search_show_help">Show help</a> <div id="search-help-birth" class="search-help" data-brx-ls="search_birth_note">Click on a heading below, e.g., Europe, to reveal categories by which you can limit results. Check the box beside Europe if you wish to include all of that region. Or check the specific region(s) you want (click again to deselect). Each selection is an “and” choice: If you choose both France and Germany, then search results will include all subjects born in France and all born in Germany. After selecting, use the “up” arrow to go to the top and click GO.</div> </div> <div class="checkbox-container panel-group" id="group-birth"> </div><!-- #group-birth --> </div><!-- #selection-form-birth --> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .search-box --> </div><!-- .row .search-content --> <!--END BOX 2--> <!--BOX 3 ACTIVITY MAY 26 JB --> <div class="row search-content show-metadata-container" id="show-activity-container"> <div class="col-md-12 search-head"> <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#activity-container" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="activity-container" data-brx-ls="search_activity_caption">Region of Activities</a> </div> <!-- jtk-2020-10-21 added metadata-option to apply section specific formatting (floated so sizes with elements) --> <div class="col-md-12 collapse in search-box metadata-option" id="activity-container"> <div class="checkbox-container panel-group clear-both" id="selected-activity"></div><!-- #selected-activity --> <div class="selection-form clear-both" id="selection-form-activity"> <div class="search-top"> <input id="populate-activity" type="hidden" value="" data-brx-dyn="value:id"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="expand-selection-form" data-related="selection-form-activity" data-brx-ls="search_expand_all">Expand all</a> | <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="collapse-selection-form" data-related="selection-form-activity" data-brx-ls="search_collapse_all">Collapse all</a> | <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="toggle-help collapse-selection-form" data-related="search-help-activity" data-brx-ls="search_show_help">Show help</a> <div id="search-help-activity" class="search-help" data-brx-ls="search_activity_note">Click on a heading below, e.g., Europe, to reveal categories by which you can limit results. Check the box beside Europe to include all of that region. Or check the specific region(s) you wish (click again to deselect). Each selection is an “and” choice: If you choose both France and Germany, then search results will include all subjects who were active in France and all who were active in Germany, not just those who were active in both France and Germany. After selecting, use the “up” arrow to go to the top and click GO.</div> </div> <div class="checkbox-container panel-group" id="group-activity"> </div><!-- #group-activity --> </div><!-- #selection-form-activity --> </div><!-- .col-md-12 .search-box --> </div><!-- .row .search-content --> <!--END BOX 3--> </div><!-- .col-md-9 --><!-- end RIGHT COLUMN--> </form><!-- #search-advanced --> <!-- dcb-template:data/advanced-search.html:content-end --> <!-- insert#page-content 1 Element 240 --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <section style="display:none;" id="summary" class="summary bio"> <!-- insert#summary-paragraphs 0 Element 250 --> <!-- insert#summary-paragraphs 1 Element 250 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </section> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <section style="display:none;" id="first" class="bio"> <!-- Element 260 family --> <div style="display:none;" class="pull-left inset-area" id="bio-primary-image"> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <div id="bio-main-image" class="image-container left w600"> <!-- src#primary_image_href alt#primary_alt title#primary_description element 260 261 262 --> <a class="open-gallery" href="javascript:void()"><img class="img-responsive" src="" alt="" title=""></a> <!-- insert#primary_source_link 0 element 263 --> <!-- insert#primary_source_link 1 element 263 --> </div> </div> <!-- insert#bio-paragraphs 0 element 270 --> <!-- insert#bio-paragraphs 1 element 270 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </section> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <section style="display:none;" id="second" class="biblio"> <!-- insert#biblio-paragraphs 0 280 --> <!-- insert#biblio-paragraphs 1 280 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> <!-- insert#general-bibliography 0 element 290 --> <!-- insert#general-bibliography 1 --> <!-- insert#copyright 0 element 300 --> <!-- insert#copyright 0 --> </section> <!--END BIBLIOGRAPHY--> <!-- jtk 7-apr-2019 reader-mode --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <div style="display:none;" class="container-fluid reader-mode" id="bottom-content"> <div class="row"> </div> <!-- .row --> <!-- element 550 section-* tags --> <div style="display:none;" id="content-image-gallery" class="row"> <div id="image-gallery" class="col-xs-12 col-theme-white"> <h2 data-brx-ls="template_bio_image_gallery">Image Gallery</h2> <!-- ContainerBioGalleryTiles startControl --> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- LIGHTBOX CAPTIONS --> <!-- insert#bio-images-captions 0 element 310 --> <!-- insert#bio-images-captions 1 element 310 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> <!-- LIGHTBOX DATA --> <!--CAPTIONS METHODS--> <div class="demo-gallery"> <ul id="captions" class="list-unstyled row"> <!-- insert#bio-images-data 0 element 311 --> <!-- insert#bio-images-data 1 element 311 --> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </ul> </div><!-- demo-gallery --> </div><!-- .container-fluid --> <!-- ContainerBioGalleryTiles endControl --> </div> </div><!-- .row --> <div class="row"> <div id="citations" class="column-section col-theme-white col-xs-12"> <!-- insert#bio-citation 0 Element 320 --> <!-- insert#bio-citation 1 Element 320 --> </div> </div> <!-- {{example:0}} --><!-- {{example:1}} --> </div><!--END bottom-content --> </div><!-- /#content-area --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </div> <!-- row->mainrow --> <a id="button" data-brx-ls="template_return_to_top" title="Return to Top of Page"></a> </div><!-- /#bootstrap-wrapper --> <!-- insert#footer 0 Element 400 --> <footer> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="row"> <!-- jtk-footer-4-apr added target --> <div class="col-md-8 ut_laval"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.utoronto.ca/"><img class="img-responsive" src="/img/uoft3.svg"></a> <a target="_blank" href="https://www2.ulaval.ca/en/"><img class="img-responsive" src="/img/laval.svg"></a> </div> <!-- jtk-footer-4-apr added target --> <div class="col-md-4 cmh"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.historymuseum.ca/"><img class="img-responsive" src="/img/cmh-logo.svg"></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 cmh-text-left"> We acknowledge the financial support of the Canadian Museum of History through the Online Works of Reference Program funded by the Government of Canada. </div> <div class="col-md-6 cmh-text-right"> Nous reconnaissons l'aide financière du Musée canadien de l'histoire à travers les œuvres du programme de référence en ligne financés par le gouvernement du Canada. </div> </div> </div> <!--FEBRUARY 7 2024 --> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="row"> <!-- jtk-footer-4-apr added target --> <div class="row chc-full"> <div class="col-md-12"> <a href="https://www.canada.ca/home.html"><img class="img-responsive" src="/img/govCan.svg"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-12"> <p>We acknowledge the support of the Government of Canada.</p> <hr class="chc-full"> <p>Nous reconnaissons l’appui du gouvernement du Canada.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!--END FEBRUARY 7 2024 --> </div><!--END ROW--> <article id="involved"> <div class="col-md-12"> <p><span>© 2003-2025 University of Toronto/Université Laval</span></p> <p><a href="/en/contact_us_corrections.php" title="Suggest corrections or additions">Suggest corrections or additions</a></p> <p><a href="/en/notices.html" title="Terms governing use of website and the collection and use of personal information">Important Notices</a></p> <p><a href="/en/links.php" title="Links to related sites">Websites of Interest</a></p> </div> </article> </div> </footer> <!-- insert#footer 1 Element 400 --> <!-- was includes/login.php --> <div id="login-holder" class="dcb-dialog"> </div> <div id="forgot-holder" class="dcb-dialog"> </div> <div id="forgot-user-holder" class="dcb-dialog"> </div> <div id="register-holder" class="dcb-dialog"> </div> <div id="contact-holder" class="dcb-dialog"> </div> <div id="choose-language" class="dcb-dialog"> </div> <div id="change-holder" class="dcb-dialog"> </div> <!-- was includes/msgbox.php --> <div style="display:none;" class="msgbox" id="msgbox"> <div class="text">  </div> <div class="twobuttons" id="msgbox_buttons"> <a class="okay" href="javascript:void(0)">OK</a> <a class="cancel" href="javascript:void(0)">Cancel</a> </div> <div class="onebutton" id="msgbox_buttons_one"> <a class="okay" href="javascript:void(0)">OK</a> </div> </div> <!-- <div id="reader-mode-toast" class="alert alert-info"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-arrow-up"></span>Exit reader mode</div> --> <div id="reader-mode-exit"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary reader-mode-exit" data-brx-ls="template_reader" title="Exit reader mode">Exit reader mode</button> </div> <!-- insert#show-keys 0 Element 500 --> <!-- insert#show-keys 1 Element 500 --> <!-- Compiled and minified JavaScript for jquery, jquery-ui and bootstrap js load order: jquery.min.js, jquery-ui.js, bootstrap.min.js with <script 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crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <!-- todo what is this <iframe id="pxcelframe" style="display: none;" src="t_.html"></iframe> <script async="" src="/js/5e1c80aec17cd7001217700d.js"></script> <script id="facebook-jssdk" src="/js/all_002.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/all.js"></script> --> <!-- add base javascript. required for all or most --> <!-- querystring#?time=#javascript_time Element 021 --> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/js_strings.js?time=1729526930"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/modernizr-3.6.js?time=1729526930"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/shared-base.js?time=1729526930"></script> <!-- for all: jquery 3.3.7 --> <!-- why jtk-2020-01-a <iframe id="pxcelframe" style="display: none;" src="t_.html"> </iframe> --> <!-- todo update google code --> <script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? 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