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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rash Behari Bose</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81" title="রাসবিহারী বসু – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাসবিহারী বসু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rash_Behari_Bose" title="Rash Behari Bose – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rash Behari Bose" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2" title="راش بهاری بوز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راش بهاری بوز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9D" title="રાસબિહારી બોઝ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રાસબિહારી બોઝ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%8B%9C_%EB%B9%84%ED%95%98%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B3%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="라시 비하리 보스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="라시 비하리 보스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8" title="रासबिहारी बोस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रासबिहारी बोस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rash_Behari_Bose" title="Rash Behari Bose – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rash Behari Bose" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ರಾಸ್ ಬಿಹಾರಿ ಬೋಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಸ್ ಬಿಹಾರಿ ಬೋಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="റാഷ് ബിഹാരി ബോസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റാഷ് ബിഹാരി ബോസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8" title="रासबिहारी बोस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रासबिहारी बोस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%93%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="ラース・ビハーリー・ボース – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラース・ビハーリー・ボース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B8" title="ਰਾਸ ਬਿਹਾਰੀ ਬੋਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਾਸ ਬਿਹਾਰੀ ਬੋਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A8%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3" title="راس بہاری بوس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="راس بہاری بوس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rash_Behari_Bose" title="Rash Behari Bose – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rash Behari Bose" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="ராஷ் பிஹாரி போஸ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ராஷ் பிஹாரி போஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="రాస్ బిహారి బోస్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాస్ బిహారి బోస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A8%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3" title="راس بہاری بوس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="راس بہاری بوس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3269584#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Rash_Behari_Ghosh" title="Rash Behari Ghosh">Rash Behari Ghosh</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Rash Behari Bose</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rash_Behari_Bose_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Rash_Behari_Bose_02.jpg/220px-Rash_Behari_Bose_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Rash_Behari_Bose_02.jpg/330px-Rash_Behari_Bose_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Rash_Behari_Bose_02.jpg/440px-Rash_Behari_Bose_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1252" data-file-height="1620" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Bose before 1945</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1886-05-25</span>)</span>25 May 1886<sup id="cite_ref-Bose_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bose-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-samsad486_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-samsad486-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Village-Subaldaha, <a href="/wiki/Burdwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Burdwan">Burdwan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal Presidency</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British India</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bose_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bose-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-samsad486_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-samsad486-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(present-day Village Subaldaha, Block-Raina 2, District-Purba Bardhaman <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, India)</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">21 January 1945<span style="display:none">(1945-01-21)</span> (aged 58)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Indian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Indian</a> (1886–1915)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Statelessness" title="Statelessness">Stateless</a> (1915–1923)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a> (1923–1945; his death)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organisations</th><td class="infobox-data org"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_League" title="Indian Independence League">Indian Independence League</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National Army</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Independence movement">Indian Independence movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghadar Revolution">Ghadar Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Toshiko Bose <small>(1916–1924; her death)</small><sup id="cite_ref-r1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2<sup id="cite_ref-r1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aiz%C5%8D_S%C5%8Dma" title="Aizō Sōma">Aizō Sōma</a> (father-in-law)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kokk%C5%8D_S%C5%8Dma" title="Kokkō Sōma">Kokkō Sōma</a> (mother-in-law)</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="background:white"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anushilan_samiti_symbol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Anushilan_samiti_symbol.jpg/80px-Anushilan_samiti_symbol.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Anushilan_samiti_symbol.jpg/120px-Anushilan_samiti_symbol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Anushilan_samiti_symbol.jpg/160px-Anushilan_samiti_symbol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="456" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <b>Influence</b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-top:1px red solid; padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">List</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_nationalism" title="Indian nationalism">Indian Nationalism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">Militant nationalism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankim_Chandra_Chattopadhyay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay">Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Swami Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_Nivedita" title="Sister Nivedita">Sister Nivedita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shakta philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipin_Chandra_Pal" title="Bipin Chandra Pal">Bipin Chandra Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">1905 Partition of Bengal</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bande_Mataram_(publication)" title="Bande Mataram (publication)">Bande Mataram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jugantar_Patrika" title="Jugantar Patrika">Jugantar</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokshadacharan_Samadhyayi" title="Mokshadacharan Samadhyayi">M. C. Samadhyayi</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <b>Anushilan Samiti</b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-top:1px red solid; padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">List</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Anushilan_Samiti" title="History of the Anushilan Samiti">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Anushilan_Samiti" title="Dhaka Anushilan Samiti">Dhaka Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subodh_Chandra_Mallik" title="Subodh Chandra Mallik">Raja Subodh Mallik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramathanath_Mitra" title="Pramathanath Mitra">Pramathanath Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarala_Devi_Chaudhurani" title="Sarala Devi Chaudhurani">Sarala Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Das" title="Chittaranjan Das">C.R. Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surendranath_Tagore" title="Surendranath Tagore">Surendranath Tagore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanailal_Dutta" title="Kanailal Dutta">Kanailal Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niralamba_Swami" title="Niralamba Swami">Jatindra Nath Banerjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barindra_Kumar_Ghosh" title="Barindra Kumar Ghosh">Barin Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulin_Behari_Das" title="Pulin Behari Das">Pulin Behari Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendranath_Datta" title="Bhupendranath Datta">Bhupendranath Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atulkrishna_Ghosh" title="Atulkrishna Ghosh">Atulkrishna Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadugopal_Mukherjee" title="Jadugopal Mukherjee">Jadugopal Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rash Behari Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendra_Kumar_Datta" title="Bhupendra Kumar Datta">Bhupendra Kumar Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemchandra_Kanungo" title="Hemchandra Kanungo">Hemchandra Kanungo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ullaskar_Dutta" title="Ullaskar Dutta">Ullaskar Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudiram_Bose" title="Khudiram Bose">Khudiram Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prafulla_Chaki" title="Prafulla Chaki">Prafulla Chaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhinash_Bhattacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhinash Bhattacharya">Abhinash Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guran_Ditt_Kumar" title="Guran Ditt Kumar">Guran Ditt Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manabendra_Nath_Roy" class="mw-redirect" title="Manabendra Nath Roy">Naren Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavabhushan_Mitra" title="Bhavabhushan Mitra">Bhavabhushan Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipin_Behari_Ganguli" title="Bipin Behari Ganguli">Bipin Behari Ganguli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachindra_Nath_Sanyal" title="Sachindra Nath Sanyal">Sachindra Nath Sanyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jogesh_Chandra_Chatterjee" title="Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee">Jogesh Chandra Chattopadhyay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratul_Chandra_Ganguli" title="Pratul Chandra Ganguli">Pratul Chandra Ganguli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Socialist_Republican_Association" title="Hindustan Socialist Republican Association">Hindustan Republican Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Mohan_Sen" title="Narendra Mohan Sen">Narendra Mohan Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niranjan_Sengupta" title="Niranjan Sengupta">Niranjan Sengupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Nath_Das" title="Jatindra Nath Das">Jatin Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_Sen" title="Surya Sen">Surya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pritilata_Waddedar" title="Pritilata Waddedar">Pritilata Waddedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anushilan_Samiti" title="Category:Anushilan Samiti"><i>More</i></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <b>Notable events</b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-top:1px red solid; padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">List</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_v._Aurobindo_Ghosh_and_others" title="Emperor v. Aurobindo Ghosh and others">Alipore Bomb Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah-Sibpur_Conspiracy_case" title="Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case">Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi–Lahore Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barisal_Conspiracy_Case" title="Barisal Conspiracy Case">Barisal Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodda_company_arms_heist" title="Rodda company arms heist">Rodda robbery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Indo-German Conspiracy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annie_Larsen_affair" title="Annie Larsen affair">Annie Larsen</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_Plot" title="Christmas Day Plot">Christmas Day plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakori_conspiracy" title="Kakori conspiracy">Kakori conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_armoury_raid" title="Chittagong armoury raid">Chittagong armoury raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anushilan_Samiti" title="Category:Anushilan Samiti"><i>More</i></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <b>Related topics</b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-top:1px red solid; padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">List</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fraser_(civil_servant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew Fraser (civil servant)">Sir Andrew Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Criminal_Intelligence" title="Department of Criminal Intelligence">Department of Criminal Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stuart" title="Harold Stuart">Sir Harold Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stevenson-Moore" title="Charles Stevenson-Moore">Sir Charles Stevenson-Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nathan_(intelligence_officer)" title="Robert Nathan (intelligence officer)">Sir Robert Nathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wallinger" title="John Wallinger">John Wallinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House" title="India House">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Indian_Society" title="Paris Indian Society">Paris Indian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhinav_Bharat_Society" title="Abhinav Bharat Society">Abhinav Bharat Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">V.D. Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhikaiji_Cama" title="Bhikaiji Cama">Madam Cama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Har Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghadar Party">Ghadar Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Bangladesh" title="Anarchism in Bangladesh">Anarchism in Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Bangladesh" title="Socialism in Bangladesh">Socialism in Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence"><i>More</i></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anushilan_Samiti" title="Template:Anushilan Samiti"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anushilan_Samiti" title="Template talk:Anushilan Samiti"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anushilan_Samiti" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anushilan Samiti"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rash Behari Bose</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/79\/Rasbihar_Bose.ogg\/Rasbihar_Bose.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Rasbihar Bose.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Rasbihar_Bose.ogg/Rasbihar_Bose.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Rasbihar_Bose.ogg" title="File:Rasbihar Bose.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>; 25 May 1886 – 21 January 1945) was an Indian revolutionary leader and freedom fighter who fought against the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>. He was one of the key organisers of the <a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Mutiny" title="Ghadar Mutiny">Ghadar Mutiny</a> and founded the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_League" title="Indian Independence League">Indian Independence League</a>. Bose also led the Indian National Army (INA) which was formed in 1942 under <a href="/wiki/Mohan_Singh_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohan Singh (general)">Mohan Singh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was behind the <a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy</a> to assassinate the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_India" title="Governor-General of India">Viceroy of India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hardinge,_1st_Baron_Hardinge_of_Penshurst" title="Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst">Lord Hardinge</a>, in 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the failed assassination attempt, Bose fled to <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Imperial Japan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sided with Imperial Japan against Britain in World War II.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Birth_and_ancestry">Birth and ancestry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Birth and ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rash Behari Bose was born in Subaldaha village of <a href="/wiki/Purba_Bardhaman_district" title="Purba Bardhaman district">Purba Bardhaman district</a>, now in West Bengal, India, on 25 May 1886.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bose grew up during the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj#Famines,_epidemics,_public_health" title="British Raj">severe pandemics and famines of the British Raj</a>. It fuelled his dislike for British rule.<sup id="cite_ref-Bose_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bose-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-samsad486_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-samsad486-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father's name was Binod Behari Bose and mother was Bhubaneswari Devi. Tinkori Dasi was Rashbehari Bose's foster mother.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bose and his sister, Sushila, spent their childhood in Subaldaha. They lived with their father and also in the house of Bidhu Mukhi, the widowed sister-in-law of their grandfather, Kalicharan Bose. His early education was completed under the supervision of Kalicharan in the village 'pathsala' (traditional Hindu village school) which is presently Subaldaha Rashbehari Bose F.P School.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Bose was drawn towards the revolutionary movement on hearing stories from his grandfather and teacher (Bakkeswar) at Subaldaha. He was the cynosure of all villagers and was known for his stubborn attitude. His nickname was Rasu. It is heard from villagers that he was at Subaldaha till he was 12 or 14 years old.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>His father, Binod Behari Bose, was stationed in Hooghly district for few years. During this time, Bose had to move to his maternal house in Chandernagar.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> There Bose studied at Dupleix College with his cousin and friend <a href="/wiki/Shrish_Chandra_Ghosh" title="Shrish Chandra Ghosh">Shrish Chandra Ghosh</a>. The principal, Charu Chandra Roy, inspired them into revolutionary politics. Later, he joined Morton School in Calcutta. He subsequently earned degrees in medical sciences and engineering.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Revolutionary_activities">Revolutionary activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Revolutionary activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi conspiracy case</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gadar_Conspiracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadar Conspiracy">Gadar Conspiracy</a></div> <p>Bose left Bengal to avoid the <a href="/wiki/Alipore_bomb_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Alipore bomb case">Alipore bomb case</a> trials of 1908.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> At <a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a>, he worked as a head clerk at the <a href="/wiki/Forest_Research_Institute_(India)" title="Forest Research Institute (India)">Forest Research Institute</a>. There, through <a href="/wiki/Amarendra_Chatterjee" class="mw-redirect" title="Amarendra Chatterjee">Amarendra Chatterjee</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a>, he secretly got involved with the revolutionaries of Bengal and he came across revolutionaries of the <a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a> in the United Provinces (currently <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab region">Punjab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:An_assassination_attempt_on_Lord_Charles_Hardinge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/An_assassination_attempt_on_Lord_Charles_Hardinge.jpg/220px-An_assassination_attempt_on_Lord_Charles_Hardinge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/An_assassination_attempt_on_Lord_Charles_Hardinge.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>1912 assassination attempt on Lord Hardinge</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Delhi-Lahore_Conspiracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy">Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy</a>, which attempted the assassination of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hardinge,_1st_Baron_Hardinge_of_Penshurst" title="Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst">Lord Hardinge</a> on 23 December 1912, Bose was forced to go into hiding. He was hunted by the colonial police due to his participation in the failed assassination attempt, Hardinge being at that time the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor General">Governor General</a> and <a href="/wiki/Viceroy" title="Viceroy">Viceroy</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He returned to Dehradun by the night train and joined the office the next day as though nothing had happened. He organised a meeting of loyal citizens of Dehradun to condemn the dastardly attack on the Viceroy.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="if he was forced into hiding & hunted, as we say, why was he travelling by train, going to the office & organising a protest within 24 hours? (October 2023)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the flood relief work in Bengal in 1913, Bose came in contact with <a href="/wiki/Jatin_Mukherjee" class="mw-redirect" title="Jatin Mukherjee">Jatin Mukherjee</a> in whom he "discovered a real leader of men," who "added a new impulse" to Bose's failing zeal.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, during World War (WW1) he became one of the leading figures of the <a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Mutiny" title="Ghadar Mutiny">Ghadar Mutiny</a>, an attempt to trigger a mutiny in India in February 1915. Trusted and tried Ghadrites were sent to several cantonments to infiltrate into the army. The idea of the Gadar leaders was that with the war raging in Europe most of the soldiers had gone out of India and the rest could be easily won over. The revolution failed and most of the revolutionaries were arrested. But Bose managed to escape British intelligence and reached Japan in 1915.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indian_National_Army">Indian National Army</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Indian National Army"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bose had reached Japan under the alias of Priyanath Thakur, a relative of <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Thakur" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabindranath Thakur">Rabindranath Thakur</a>, an Indian poet.<sup id="cite_ref-r1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There, Bose found shelter with various <a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Pan-Asian</a> groups. From 1915 to 1918, he changed residences and identities numerous times, as the British kept pressing the Japanese government for his extradition. He married the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Aiz%C5%8D_S%C5%8Dma" title="Aizō Sōma">Aizō Sōma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kokk%C5%8D_S%C5%8Dma" title="Kokkō Sōma">Kokkō Sōma</a>, the owners of Nakamuraya bakery in Tokyo and noted Pan-Asian supporters in 1918, and became a Japanese citizen in 1923, living as a journalist and writer. It is also significant that he was instrumental in introducing Indian-style curry in Japan. Though more expensive than the usual "British-style" curry, it became quite popular, with Rash Bihari becoming known as "Bose of Nakamuraya".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Bose, along with <a href="/wiki/A._M._Nair" title="A. M. Nair">A. M. Nair</a>, was instrumental in persuading the Japanese authorities to stand by the Indian revolutionaries, whom Japan ultimately to officially supported. He convened a conference in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Conference">Tokyo</a> on 28–30 March 1942, which decided to establish the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_League" title="Indian Independence League">Indian Independence League</a>. There he also moved a motion to raise an army for Indian independence. He convened the <a href="/wiki/Bangkok_Conference" title="Bangkok Conference">second conference</a> of the League at <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a> on 22 June 1942, at which a resolution was adopted to invite <a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Subhas Chandra Bose</a> to join the League and take command as its president.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Indian prisoners of war captured by the Japanese in the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Malaya,_North_Borneo,_and_Sarawak" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese occupation of Malaya, North Borneo, and Sarawak">Malaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a> fronts were encouraged to join the Indian Independence League and become the soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National Army</a> (INA), formed on 1 September 1942 as the military wing of Rash Behari Bose's Indian National League. He selected the flag for the <a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">Azad Hind</a> movement and handed over the flag and the power to Subhas Chandra Bose but his organizational structure remained which was built on the organizational spadework of Rash Behari Bose. Rash Behari Bose built the Indian National Army (also called 'Azad Hind Fauj'). Prior to his death caused by tuberculosis, the Japanese Government honoured him with the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Rising_Sun" title="Order of the Rising Sun">Order of the Rising Sun</a> (2nd grade).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bose met Toshiko Soma when he was hiding at her house in <a href="/wiki/Shinjuku" title="Shinjuku">Shinjuku City</a>. She was the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Aiz%C5%8D_S%C5%8Dma" title="Aizō Sōma">Aizō Sōma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kokk%C5%8D_S%C5%8Dma" title="Kokkō Sōma">Kokkō Sōma</a>, the owners of Nakamuraya bakery (<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%91%E5%B1%8B" class="extiw" title="ja:中村屋">ja:中村屋</a>) in Tokyo and noted Pan-Asian supporters in 1918. At that time, Bose was a fugitive with the British searching for him. Their initial contact was during those intense moments of hiding though without any interactions. In 1916, when Bose was a fugitive no more, he invited the Soma family to his house as a gesture of gratitude. That was the first instance of their interaction in a social context.<sup id="cite_ref-r1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, Bose stuck out like a sore thumb in Japan. People would consider them with suspicion. <a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dyama_Mitsuru" title="Tōyama Mitsuru">Mitsuru Toyama</a>, as a solution proposed to the Soma's a marriage between Toshiko and Rashbehari. He thought that marriage with a Japanese citizen would make it easy for Bose to apply for citizenship. Despite their initial reservations, the Somas agreed to the match. When asked, Toshiko took three weeks to give her consent.<sup id="cite_ref-r1_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They had a happy marriage lasting eight years. Bose taught Toshiko Bengali and how to wear a sari. Bose got Japanese citizenship in 1923. Toshiko's health declined soon after and it claimed her life in 1924. After her death, he never remarried. They were buried together after Bose's death.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They had two children together. Masahide Bose (Bharatchandra) was born in 1920. He died in World War II aged 24. Their daughter Tetsuko was born in 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-r1_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 325.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 323.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toyama_Mitsuru_honors_Rash_Behari_Bose.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A dinner party given to Bose in his honour by his close Japanese friends, including Mitsuru Tōyama, a right-wing nationalist and Pan-Asianism leader (centre, behind the table), and Tsuyoshi Inukai, future Japanese prime minister (to the right of Tōyama). Behind Tōyama is Bose. 1915."><img alt="A dinner party given to Bose in his honour by his close Japanese friends, including Mitsuru Tōyama, a right-wing nationalist and Pan-Asianism leader (centre, behind the table), and Tsuyoshi Inukai, future Japanese prime minister (to the right of Tōyama). Behind Tōyama is Bose. 1915." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Toyama_Mitsuru_honors_Rash_Behari_Bose.jpg/485px-Toyama_Mitsuru_honors_Rash_Behari_Bose.jpg" decoding="async" width="324" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Toyama_Mitsuru_honors_Rash_Behari_Bose.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A dinner party given to Bose in his honour by his close Japanese friends, including <a href="/wiki/Mitsuru_T%C5%8Dyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsuru Tōyama">Mitsuru Tōyama</a>, a right-wing nationalist and <a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Pan-Asianism</a> leader (centre, behind the table), and <a href="/wiki/Tsuyoshi_Inukai" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsuyoshi Inukai">Tsuyoshi Inukai</a>, future Japanese prime minister (to the right of Tōyama). Behind Tōyama is Bose. 1915.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 314px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 312px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_supporters.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bose and his Japanese supporters in 1916"><img alt="Bose and his Japanese supporters in 1916" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_supporters.jpg/468px-Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_supporters.jpg" decoding="async" width="312" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_supporters.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="423" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bose and his Japanese supporters in 1916</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 173.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_wife_Toshiko.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bose with wife c. 1918"><img alt="Bose with wife c. 1918" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_wife_Toshiko.jpg/260px-Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_wife_Toshiko.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_wife_Toshiko.jpg/390px-Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_wife_Toshiko.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_wife_Toshiko.jpg/520px-Rash_Behari_Bose_and_his_wife_Toshiko.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="1010" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bose with wife c. 1918</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1943, the Japanese government honoured Bose with the highest title available to a foreigner, the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Rising_Sun" title="Order of the Rising Sun">Order of the Rising Sun</a>, 2nd class.<sup id="cite_ref-r5_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rash_Behari_Bose_1967_stamp_of_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rash_Behari_Bose_1967_stamp_of_India.jpg/220px-Rash_Behari_Bose_1967_stamp_of_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rash_Behari_Bose_1967_stamp_of_India.jpg/330px-Rash_Behari_Bose_1967_stamp_of_India.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rash_Behari_Bose_1967_stamp_of_India.jpg/440px-Rash_Behari_Bose_1967_stamp_of_India.jpg 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="810" /></a><figcaption>Rash Behari Bose on a 1967 stamp of India</figcaption></figure> <p>On 26 December 1967, the Posts and Telegraphs Department of India issued a special postage stamp in honour of Rash Behari Bose.<sup id="cite_ref-r4_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rashbehari_Basu_commemorative_stamp_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rashbehari_Basu_commemorative_stamp-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the city of Kolkata, West Bengal, a street has been named Rash Behari Avenue in his honour. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 2019 Indian <a href="/wiki/Bengali-language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali-language">Bengali-language</a> television series titled <i><a href="/wiki/Netaji_(2019_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Netaji (2019 TV series)">Netaji</a></i> which depicts the life of <a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose</a>, Fahim Mirza played the role of Rash Behari Bose. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Hindu–German Conspiracy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Bose-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bose_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bose_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bose_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBose1959" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bose, Bejon Behari (1959). <i>Karmabir Rash Behari</i> (in Bengali). Ila Bose. p. 48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karmabir+Rash+Behari&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Ila+Bose&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Bose&rft.aufirst=Bejon+Behari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-samsad486-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-samsad486_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-samsad486_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-samsad486_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSenguptaBose1976" class="citation book cs1">Sengupta, Subodhchandra; Bose, Anjali (1976). <i>Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan</i>. Calcutta: Sishu Sahitya Samsad. p. 486.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Samsad+Bangali+Charitabhidhan&rft.place=Calcutta&rft.pages=486&rft.pub=Sishu+Sahitya+Samsad&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Sengupta&rft.aufirst=Subodhchandra&rft.au=Bose%2C+Anjali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-r1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-r1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-r1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-r1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-r1_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-r1_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-r1_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFবন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়, পারিজাত. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.anandabazar.com/supplementary/rabibashoriyo/remembering-rash-behari-bose-and-his-wife-toshiko-bose-in-their-marriage-anniversary-1.828592">"বাংলা থেকে রান্না-শাড়ি পরা, জাপানি বউকে শিখিয়েছিলেন রাসবিহারী বসু"</a>. <i>Anandabazar Patrika</i> (in Bengali)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anandabazar+Patrika&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%2C+%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81&rft.aulast=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC&rft.aufirst=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anandabazar.com%2Fsupplementary%2Frabibashoriyo%2Fremembering-rash-behari-bose-and-his-wife-toshiko-bose-in-their-marriage-anniversary-1.828592&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmiko_Jozuka2020" class="citation web cs1">Emiko Jozuka (10 May 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/09/asia/japan-indian-freedom-fighter-hnk-intl/index.html">"The Indian revolutionary who fought to overthrow British rule from 3,700 miles away"</a>. <i>CNN</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=The+Indian+revolutionary+who+fought+to+overthrow+British+rule+from+3%2C700+miles+away&rft.date=2020-05-10&rft.au=Emiko+Jozuka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2020%2F05%2F09%2Fasia%2Fjapan-indian-freedom-fighter-hnk-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcQuade2024" class="citation book cs1">McQuade, Joseph (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xp3fEAAAQBAJ"><i>Fugitive of Empire: Rash Behari Bose, Japan and the Indian Independence Struggle</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-776828-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-776828-0"><bdi>978-0-19-776828-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fugitive+of+Empire%3A+Rash+Behari+Bose%2C+Japan+and+the+Indian+Independence+Struggle&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=978-0-19-776828-0&rft.aulast=McQuade&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dxp3fEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMukherjee1966" class="citation book cs1">Mukherjee, Uma (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.100166"><i>Two Great Indian Revolutionaries</i></a>. p. 97.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Two+Great+Indian+Revolutionaries&rft.pages=97&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Mukherjee&rft.aufirst=Uma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.100166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUma_Mukherjee1966" class="citation book cs1">Uma Mukherjee (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.100166"><i>Two great Indian revolutionaries: Rash Behari Bose & Jyotindra Nath Mukherjee</i></a>. Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.100166/page/n115">101</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Two+great+Indian+revolutionaries%3A+Rash+Behari+Bose+%26+Jyotindra+Nath+Mukherjee&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Firma+K.+L.+Mukhopadhyay&rft.date=1966&rft.au=Uma+Mukherjee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.100166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUma_Mukherjee1966" class="citation book cs1">Uma Mukherjee (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.100166"><i>Two great Indian revolutionaries: Rash Behari Bose & Jyotindra Nath Mukherjee</i></a>. Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.100166/page/n133">119</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Two+great+Indian+revolutionaries%3A+Rash+Behari+Bose+%26+Jyotindra+Nath+Mukherjee&rft.pages=119&rft.pub=Firma+K.+L.+Mukhopadhyay&rft.date=1966&rft.au=Uma+Mukherjee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.100166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNathan2021" class="citation web cs1">Nathan, Richard (12 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redcircleauthors.com/news-and-views/changing-nations-the-japanese-girl-with-a-book/">"Changing Nations: The Japanese Girl With a Book"</a>. <i>Red Circle Authors</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Red+Circle+Authors&rft.atitle=Changing+Nations%3A+The+Japanese+Girl+With+a+Book&rft.date=2021-03-12&rft.aulast=Nathan&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redcircleauthors.com%2Fnews-and-views%2Fchanging-nations-the-japanese-girl-with-a-book%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-r5-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-r5_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210123113559/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/remembering-heroes-of-indian-freedom-struggle-rash-behari-bose-26001.html/page/8">"Remembering heroes of Indian freedom struggle: Rash Behari Bose"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/remembering-heroes-of-indian-freedom-struggle-rash-behari-bose-26001.html/page/8">the original</a> on 23 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Remembering+heroes+of+Indian+freedom+struggle%3A+Rash+Behari+Bose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatvnews.com%2Fnews%2Findia%2Fremembering-heroes-of-indian-freedom-struggle-rash-behari-bose-26001.html%2Fpage%2F8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-r4-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-r4_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.istampgallery.com/rashbehari-basu/">"A commemorative postage stamp on Rash Behari Bose"</a>. istampgallery. 23 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+commemorative+postage+stamp+on+Rash+Behari+Bose&rft.pub=istampgallery&rft.date=2015-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.istampgallery.com%2Frashbehari-basu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rashbehari_Basu_commemorative_stamp-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rashbehari_Basu_commemorative_stamp_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indianpost.com/viewstamp.php/Alpha/R/RASHBEHARI%20BASU%20(1886-1945)">"Rashbehari Basu commemorative stamp"</a>. Indian Post<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rashbehari+Basu+commemorative+stamp&rft.pub=Indian+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findianpost.com%2Fviewstamp.php%2FAlpha%2FR%2FRASHBEHARI%2520BASU%2520%281886-1945%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKawabe2019" class="citation book cs1">Kawabe, Lexi (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0B3JPY2P2"><i>Rash Behari Bose: The Father of the Indian National Army</i></a>. Tenraidou. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9798814669414" title="Special:BookSources/9798814669414"><bdi>9798814669414</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rash+Behari+Bose%3A+The+Father+of+the+Indian+National+Army&rft.pub=Tenraidou&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9798814669414&rft.aulast=Kawabe&rft.aufirst=Lexi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB0B3JPY2P2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARash+Behari+Bose" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash_Behari_Bose&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rash_Behari_Bose" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Rash Behari Bose">Rash Behari Bose</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saadigitalarchive.org/entity/rash-behari-bose">Rash Behari Bose materials in the South Asian American Digital Archive (SAADA)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2020/05/09/asia/japan-indian-freedom-fighter-hnk-intl">The Indian revolutionary who fought to overthrow British rule while living in Japan</a> <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nakamuraya.co.jp/index.html">Shinjuku Nakamuraya 新宿中村屋</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_National_Army" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Azad_Hind_Fauj" title="Template:Azad Hind Fauj"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Azad_Hind_Fauj" title="Template talk:Azad Hind Fauj"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Azad_Hind_Fauj" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Azad Hind Fauj"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_National_Army" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National Army</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Revolutionary conspiracy of WWI</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rash Behari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Har Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghadar Party">Ghadr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Chatto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hafiz_Mohamed_Barakatullah" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Hafiz Mohamed Barakatullah">Barkatullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niedermayer%E2%80%93Hentig_Expedition" title="Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition">Kabul mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_India" title="Provisional Government of India">Provisional Government of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Imperial Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Pan Asianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Co-Prosperity_Sphere" title="Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere">Greater East Asia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_independence_movement" title="Category:Indian independence movement">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1931_Flag_of_India.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/1931_Flag_of_India.svg/100px-1931_Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/1931_Flag_of_India.svg/150px-1931_Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/1931_Flag_of_India.svg/200px-1931_Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_League" title="Indian Independence League">Indian Independence<br />League (IIL)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giani_Pritam_Singh_Dhillon" title="Giani Pritam Singh Dhillon">Pritam Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prafulla_Kumar_Sen" title="Prafulla Kumar Sen">Swami Satyananda Puri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Council" title="Indian National Council">Indian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwaichi_Fujiwara" title="Iwaichi Fujiwara">I Fujiwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_Kikan" title="F Kikan">F Kikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._P._K._Menon" title="K. P. K. Menon">K.P.K. Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._M._Sahay" title="A. M. Sahay">A.M. Sahay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._A._Ayer" title="S. A. Ayer">S.A. Ayer</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rash Behari Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidadary_Resolutions" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidadary Resolutions">Bidadary Resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Conference">Tokyo Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideo_Iwakuro" title="Hideo Iwakuro">H Iwakuro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Kikan" title="I Kikan">I Kikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangkok_Conference" title="Bangkok Conference">Bangkok Conference</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">Azad Hind</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hikari_Kikan" title="Hikari Kikan">Hikari Kikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind_Dal" title="Azad Hind Dal">Azad Hind Dal</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_Independence_League" title="Category:Indian Independence League">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Subhas Chandra Bose</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Das" title="Chittaranjan Das">C.R. Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarat_Chandra_Bose" title="Sarat Chandra Bose">Sarat Bose</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purna_Swaraj" title="Purna Swaraj">Purna Swaraj</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Volunteers" title="Bengal Volunteers">Bengal Volunteers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilie_Schenkl" title="Emilie Schenkl">Emilie Schenkl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc" title="All India Forward Bloc">Forward Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Legion" title="Indian Legion">Indian Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-180" title="German submarine U-180">U-180</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">Azad Hind</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_ur_Rahman_(Indian_National_Army_officer)" title="Habib ur Rahman (Indian National Army officer)">Habib-ur-Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Death of Subhas Chandra Bose">Death controversy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Category:Subhas Chandra Bose">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National<br />Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayan Campaign">Battle of Malaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohan_Singh_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohan Singh (general)">Mohan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Singapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Singapore">Fall of Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrer_Park_address" title="Farrer Park address">Farrer Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Indian_National_Army" title="First Indian National Army">First INA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Arakan_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="First Arakan offensive">First Arakan offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Field_Force" title="Hindustan Field Force">Hindustan Field Force</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jiffs" title="Jiffs">Jiffs</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Brigade" title="Azad Brigade">Azad Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_Brigade_(regiment)" title="Gandhi Brigade (regiment)">Gandhi Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehru_Brigade" title="Nehru Brigade">Nehru Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhas_Brigade" title="Subhas Brigade">Subhas Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadur_Group" title="Bahadur Group">Bahadur Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Boys" title="Tokyo Boys">Tokyo Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rani_of_Jhansi_Regiment" title="Rani of Jhansi Regiment">Rani of Jhansi Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Andaman_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese occupation of the Andaman Islands">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Zaman_Kiani" title="Mohammed Zaman Kiani">Mohammed Zaman Kiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi_Sahgal" title="Lakshmi Sahgal">Lakshmi Sahgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._D._Loganathan" title="A. D. Loganathan">A.D. Loganathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._Bhonsle" class="mw-redirect" title="J. R. Bhonsle">J.R. Bhonsle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janaky_Athi_Nahappan" title="Janaky Athi Nahappan">Janaki Davar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasammah_Bhupalan" title="Rasammah Bhupalan">Rasammah Bhupalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaukat_Malik" title="Shaukat Malik">Shaukat Malik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thivy" title="John Thivy">John Thivy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_and_operations_of_the_Indian_National_Army" title="Battles and operations of the Indian National Army">Battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burma_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma Campaign">Burma theatre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Admin_Box" title="Battle of the Admin Box">Admin Box</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_U-Go" title="Operation U-Go">U-Go</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Imphal" title="Battle of Imphal">Battle of Imphal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kohima" title="Battle of Kohima">Battle of Kohima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pokoku_and_Irrawaddy_River_operations" title="Battle of Pokoku and Irrawaddy River operations">Battle of Irrawaddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meiktila_and_Mandalay" title="Battle of Meiktila and Mandalay">Battle of Meiktila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">Surrender of Japan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_National_Army" title="Category:Indian National Army">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army_trials" title="Indian National Army trials">Red Fort trials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CSDIC(I)" title="CSDIC(I)">CSDIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurbaksh_Singh_Dhillon" title="Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon">Dhillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Sahgal" title="Prem Sahgal">Sahgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Nawaz_Khan_(general)" title="Shah Nawaz Khan (general)">Shah Nawaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan-ud-Din_of_Chitral" class="mw-redirect" title="Burhan-ud-Din of Chitral">Burhan-ud-Din</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INA_Defence_Committee" title="INA Defence Committee">INA Defence Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kailash_Nath_Katju" title="Kailash Nath Katju">Kailash Nath Katju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asaf_Ali" title="Asaf Ali">Asaf Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tej_Bahadur_Sapru" title="Tej Bahadur Sapru">Tej Bahadur Sapru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhulabhai_Desai" title="Bhulabhai Desai">Bhulabhai Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Indian_Navy_mutiny" title="Royal Indian Navy mutiny">Bombay mutiny</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_National_Army_trials" title="Category:Indian National Army trials">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind_Radio" title="Azad Hind Radio">Azad Hind Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battaglione_Azad_Hindoustan" title="Battaglione Azad Hindoustan">Battaglione Azad Hindoustan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Bureau_for_India" title="Special Bureau for India">Special Bureau for India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decorations_of_Azad_Hind" title="Decorations of Azad Hind">Azad Hind Decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selarang_Barracks_incident" title="Selarang Barracks incident">Selarang Barracks incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Burma" title="Japanese occupation of Burma">Japanese occupation of Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Burma_Area_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Burma Area Army">Burma Area Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masakazu_Kawabe" title="Masakazu Kawabe">Masakasu Kawabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_in_World_War_II" title="India in World War II">India in World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)">14th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Slim,_1st_Viscount_Slim" title="William Slim, 1st Viscount Slim">William Slim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Indian_Congress" title="Malaysian Indian Congress">Malaysian Indian Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INA_treasure_controversy" title="INA treasure controversy">INA treasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_W._Fay" title="Peter W. Fay">Peter Fay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Lebra" title="Joyce Lebra">Joyce Lebra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Toye" title="Hugh Toye">Hugh Toye</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:South-East_Asian_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="Category:South-East Asian theatre of World War II">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hindu–German_Conspiracy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu-German_Conspiracy" title="Template:Hindu-German Conspiracy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hindu-German_Conspiracy" title="Template talk:Hindu-German Conspiracy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hindu-German_Conspiracy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hindu-German Conspiracy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hindu–German_Conspiracy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Hindu–German Conspiracy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a> (<a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">militant</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyamji_Krishna_Varma" title="Shyamji Krishna Varma">Shyamji Krishna Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhikaiji_Cama" title="Bhikaiji Cama">Bhikaiji Cama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House" title="India House">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alipore_Bomb_Case" class="mw-redirect" title="Alipore Bomb Case">Alipore Bomb Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:India_House" title="Category:India House"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg/80px-Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg/120px-Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg/160px-Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="341" data-file-height="539" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ghadar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Hardayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_Singh_Bhakna" title="Sohan Singh Bhakna">Sohan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje" title="Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje">Pandurang Khankhoje</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Ghadar" title="Hindustan Ghadar">Hindustan Ghadar</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_di_gunj" title="Ghadar di gunj">Ghadar di gunj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Movement" title="Ghadar Movement">Ghadar Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guran_Ditt_Kumar" title="Guran Ditt Kumar">Guran Ditt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Gurdit_Singh" title="Baba Gurdit Singh">Baba Gurdit Singh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Komagata_Maru_incident" title="Komagata Maru incident">Komagata Maru</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwan_Singh_Gyanee" title="Bhagwan Singh Gyanee">Bhagwan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Parmanand" title="Bhai Parmanand">Bhai Parmanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Chandra_Bharadwaj" title="Ram Chandra Bharadwaj">Ram Chandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartar_Singh_Sarabha" title="Kartar Singh Sarabha">Kartar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Ganesh_Pingle" title="Vishnu Ganesh Pingle">Vishnu Pingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandit_Kanshi_Ram" title="Pandit Kanshi Ram">Kanshi Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Smedley" title="Agnes Smedley">Agnes Smedley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ghadar_Party" title="Category:Ghadar Party"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Chatto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chempakaraman_Pillai" title="Chempakaraman Pillai">Champak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._R._Pillai" title="A. R. Pillai">A. R. Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._P._T._Acharya" title="M. P. T. Acharya">M. P. T. Acharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hafiz_Mohamed_Barakatullah" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Hafiz Mohamed Barakatullah">Barkatullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendranath_Datta" title="Bhupendranath Datta">Bhupendranath Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhinash_Bhattacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhinash Bhattacharya">Abhinash Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Pratap" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahendra Pratap">Mahendra Pratap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herambalal_Gupta" title="Herambalal Gupta">Herambalal Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rash Behari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachindra_Nath_Sanyal" title="Sachindra Nath Sanyal">Sachin Sanyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavabhushan_Mitra" title="Bhavabhushan Mitra">Bhavabhushan Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giani_Pritam_Singh_Dhillon" title="Giani Pritam Singh Dhillon">Pritam Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarendranath_Chatterjee" title="Amarendranath Chatterjee">Amarendranath Chatterjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atulkrishna_Ghosh" title="Atulkrishna Ghosh">Atulkrishna Ghosh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deobandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Deobandi">Deobandi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_al-Hasan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahmud al-Hasan">Mahmud al-Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaidullah_Sindhi" title="Ubaidullah Sindhi">Ubaidullah Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mian_Mansoor_Ansari" title="Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari">Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_Amba_Prasad" title="Sufi Amba Prasad">Sufi Amba Prasad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">German figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg" title="Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Zimmermann" title="Arthur Zimmermann">Zimmermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_for_the_East" title="Intelligence Bureau for the East">Intelligence Bureau for the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_von_Oppenheim" title="Max von Oppenheim">Max von Oppenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Papen" title="Franz von Papen">Papen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_von_Bernstorff" title="Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff">von Bernstorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rodiek" title="George Rodiek">George Rodiek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Otto_von_Hentig" title="Werner Otto von Hentig">Hentig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_von_Niedermayer" title="Oskar von Niedermayer">Niedermayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conspiracy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Larsen_affair" title="Annie Larsen affair">Annie Larsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Maverick" title="SS Maverick">SS <i>Maverick</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Mutiny" title="Ghadar Mutiny">February plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Singapore_Mutiny" title="1915 Singapore Mutiny">Singapore mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Conspiracy_Case_trial" title="Lahore Conspiracy Case trial">Lahore Conspiracy Case trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_Plot" title="Christmas Day Plot">Christmas Day Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Letter_Movement" title="Silk Letter Movement">Silk Letter Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niedermayer%E2%80%93Hentig_Expedition" title="Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition">Kabul Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_India" title="Provisional Government of India">Provisional Government of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy_Trial" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial">Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_counter-intelligence_against_the_Indian_revolutionary_movement_during_World_War_I" title="British counter-intelligence against the Indian revolutionary movement during World War I">Counter-intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._C._Hopkinson" class="mw-redirect" title="W. C. Hopkinson">W. C. Hopkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wallinger" title="John Wallinger">John Wallinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Political_Intelligence_Office" title="Indian Political Intelligence Office">Indian Political Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_Thomson" title="Basil Thomson">Basil Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MI5(g)" title="MI5(g)">MI5(g)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Kell" title="Vernon Kell">Vernon Kell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nathan_(intelligence_officer)" title="Robert Nathan (intelligence officer)">Robert Nathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirpal_Singh_(spy)" title="Kirpal Singh (spy)">Kirpal Singh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oren_(spy)" title="Oren (spy)">Oren</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Kraft" title="Vincent Kraft">Vincent Kraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Wiseman,_10th_Baronet" title="Sir William Wiseman, 10th Baronet">William Wiseman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tegart" title="Charles Tegart">Charles Tegart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gaunt" title="Guy Gaunt">Guy Gaunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Somerset_Maugham" title="W. Somerset Maugham">W. Somerset Maugham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seistan_Force" title="Seistan Force">East Persia Cordon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T._E._Lawrence" title="T. E. Lawrence">Lawrence of Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_of_India_Act_1915" title="Defence of India Act 1915">Defence of India Act 1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingress_into_India_Ordinance,_1914" title="Ingress into India Ordinance, 1914">Ingress into India Ordinance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Rowlatt" title="Sidney Rowlatt">Sidney Rowlatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlatt_Committee" title="Rowlatt Committee">Rowlatt Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jallianwala_Bagh_massacre" title="Jallianwala Bagh massacre">Jallianwala Bagh massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Pan-Asianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dyama_Mitsuru" title="Tōyama Mitsuru">Tōyama Mitsuru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_independence_movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Template:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Template talk:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_independence_movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_India#Indian_independence_movement_(1885–1947)" title="History of India">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_India" title="Colonial India">Colonisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_settlement_in_Chittagong" title="Portuguese settlement in Chittagong">Porto Grande de Bengala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Bengal" title="Dutch Bengal">Dutch Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_India" title="French India">French India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Buxar" title="Battle of Buxar">Battle of Buxar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Mysore_Wars" title="Anglo-Mysore Wars">Anglo-Mysore Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="First Anglo-Mysore War">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Second Anglo-Mysore War">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Third Anglo-Mysore War">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Fourth Anglo-Mysore War">Fourth</a></li></ul></li> <li>Anglo-Maratha Wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="First Anglo-Maratha War">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Second Anglo-Maratha War">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Third Anglo-Maratha War">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwalior_campaign" title="Gwalior campaign">Gwalior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygar_Wars" title="Polygar Wars">Polygar Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellore_Mutiny" title="Vellore Mutiny">Vellore Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Anglo-Sikh War">First Anglo-Sikh War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Anglo-Sikh War">Second Anglo-Sikh War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasi_rebellion" title="Sannyasi rebellion">Sannyasi rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Rebellion of 1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Line" title="Radcliffe Line">Radcliffe Line</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:British_India" title="Category:British India">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophies<br />and ideologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhism" title="Gandhism">Gandhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Hindu nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_nationalism" title="Indian nationalism">Indian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khilafat_Movement" title="Khilafat Movement">Khilafat Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_nationalism_in_South_Asia" title="Muslim nationalism in South Asia">Muslim nationalism in South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyagraha" title="Satyagraha">Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_India" title="Socialism in India">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadeshi_movement" title="Swadeshi movement">Swadeshi movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaraj" title="Swaraj">Swaraj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and<br /> movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">Revolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Sociologist" title="The Indian Sociologist">The Indian Sociologist</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Singapore_Mutiny" title="1915 Singapore Mutiny">Singapore Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Hindu–German Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champaran_Satyagraha" title="Champaran Satyagraha">Champaran Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kheda_Satyagraha_of_1918" title="Kheda Satyagraha of 1918">Kheda Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlatt_Committee" title="Rowlatt Committee">Rowlatt Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlatt_Act" title="Rowlatt Act">Rowlatt Bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jallianwala_Bagh_massacre" title="Jallianwala Bagh massacre">Jallianwala Bagh massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noakhali_riots" title="Noakhali riots">Noakhali riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_Plot" title="Christmas Day Plot">Christmas Day Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coolie-Begar_movement" title="Coolie-Begar movement">Coolie-Begar movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chauri_Chaura_incident" title="Chauri Chaura incident">Chauri Chaura incident, 1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakori_conspiracy" title="Kakori conspiracy">Kakori conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qissa_Khwani_massacre" title="Qissa Khwani massacre">Qissa Khwani massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Satyagraha" title="Flag Satyagraha">Flag Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardoli_Satyagraha" title="Bardoli Satyagraha">Bardoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Commission" title="Simon Commission">1928 Protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehru_Report" title="Nehru Report">Nehru Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Points_of_Jinnah" title="Fourteen Points of Jinnah">Fourteen Points of Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purna_Swaraj" title="Purna Swaraj">Purna Swaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_March" title="Salt March">Salt March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharasana_Satyagraha" title="Dharasana Satyagraha">Dharasana Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedaranyam_March" title="Vedaranyam March">Vedaranyam March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_armoury_raid" title="Chittagong armoury raid">Chittagong armoury raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhi%E2%80%93Irwin_Pact" title="Gandhi–Irwin Pact">Gandhi–Irwin Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Table_Conferences_(India)" title="Round Table Conferences (India)">Round table conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_India_Act_1935" title="Government of India Act 1935">Act of 1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aundh_Experiment" title="Aundh Experiment">Aundh Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Legion" title="Indian Legion">Indian Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cripps_Mission" title="Cripps Mission">Cripps Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quit_India_Movement" title="Quit India Movement">Quit India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Indian_Navy_mutiny" title="Royal Indian Navy mutiny">Bombay Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_strikes_of_1946" title="Royal Air Force strikes of 1946">Royal Air Force strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_of_Yanaon" title="Coup d'état of Yanaon">Coup d'état of Yanaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_India" title="Provisional Government of India">Provisional Government of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(India)" title="Independence Day (India)">Independence Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_States_Peoples%27_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="All India States Peoples' Conference">Praja Mandala movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_Pact" title="Lucknow Pact">Lucknow Pact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India Kisan Sabha">All India Kisan Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">All-India Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">Azad Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Movement" title="Ghadar Movement">Ghadar Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Socialist_Republican_Association" title="Hindustan Socialist Republican Association">Hindustan Socialist Republican Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Indian_National_Congress" title="History of the Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House" title="India House">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Home_Rule_movement" title="Indian Home Rule movement">Indian Home Rule movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_League" title="Indian Independence League">Indian Independence League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaksar_movement" title="Khaksar movement">Khaksar movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudai_Khidmatgar" title="Khudai Khidmatgar">Khudai Khidmatgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaraj_Party" title="Swaraj Party">Swaraj Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_independence_movement" title="Category:Indian independence movement">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social<br />reformers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaqulla_Khan" title="Ashfaqulla Khan">Ashfaqulla Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Vaidyanatha_Iyer" title="A. Vaidyanatha Iyer">A. Vaidyanatha Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayya_Vaikundar" title="Ayya Vaikundar">Ayya Vaikundar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyankali" title="Ayyankali">Ayyankali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">B. R. Ambedkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Amte" title="Baba Amte">Baba Amte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhondo_Keshav_Karve" title="Dhondo Keshav Karve">Dhondo Keshav Karve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Subramania_Iyer" title="G. Subramania Iyer">G. Subramania Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazulu_Lakshminarasu_Chetty" title="Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty">Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Ganesh_Agarkar" title="Gopal Ganesh Agarkar">Gopal Ganesh Agarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Hari_Deshmukh" title="Gopal Hari Deshmukh">Gopal Hari Deshmukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopaldas_Ambaidas_Desai" title="Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai">Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar" title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar">Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._Kripalani" title="J. B. Kripalani">J. B. Kripalani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotirao_Phule" title="Jyotirao Phule">Jyotirao Phule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandukuri_Veeresalingam" title="Kandukuri Veeresalingam">Kandukuri Veeresalingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadev_Govind_Ranade" title="Mahadev Govind Ranade">Mahadev Govind Ranade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muthulakshmi_Reddy" title="Muthulakshmi Reddy">Muthulakshmi Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niralamba_Swami" title="Niralamba Swami">Niralamba Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandita_Ramabai" title="Pandita Ramabai">Pandita Ramabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyar" title="Periyar">Periyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Mohan_Roy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ram Mohan Roy">Ram Mohan Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rettamalai_Srinivasan" title="Rettamalai Srinivasan">Rettamalai Srinivasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahajanand_Saraswati" title="Sahajanand Saraswati">Sahajanand Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savitribai_Phule" title="Savitribai Phule">Savitribai Phule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahu_of_Kolhapur" title="Shahu of Kolhapur">Shahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_Nivedita" title="Sister Nivedita">Sister Nivedita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Ahmad_Khan" title="Syed Ahmad Khan">Syed Ahmad Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vakkom_Moulavi" title="Vakkom Moulavi">Vakkom Moulavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinoba_Bhave" title="Vinoba Bhave">Vinoba Bhave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitthal_Ramji_Shinde" title="Vitthal Ramji Shinde">Vitthal Ramji Shinde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independence<br /> activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Kalam_Azad" class="mw-redirect" title="Abul Kalam Azad">Abul Kalam Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accamma_Cherian" title="Accamma Cherian">Accamma Cherian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achyut_Patwardhan" title="Achyut Patwardhan">Achyut Patwardhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alluri_Sitarama_Raju" title="Alluri Sitarama Raju">Alluri Sitarama Raju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna_Maharana" title="Annapurna Maharana">Annapurna Maharana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Besant" title="Annie Besant">Annie Besant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaqulla_Khan" title="Ashfaqulla Khan">Ashfaqulla Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_Singh" title="Kunwar Singh">Babu Kunwar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_Zafar" title="Bahadur Shah Zafar">Bahadur Shah II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakht_Khan" title="Bakht Khan">Bakht Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basawon_Singh" title="Basawon Singh">Basawon Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begum_Hazrat_Mahal" title="Begum Hazrat Mahal">Begum Hazrat Mahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Singh" title="Bhagat Singh">Bhagat Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharathidasan" title="Bharathidasan">Bharathidasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavabhushan_Mitra" title="Bhavabhushan Mitra">Bhavabhushan Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhikaiji_Cama" title="Bhikaiji Cama">Bhikaiji Cama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendra_Kumar_Datta" title="Bhupendra Kumar Datta">Bhupendra Kumar Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidhan_Chandra_Roy" title="Bidhan Chandra Roy">Bidhan Chandra Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipin_Chandra_Pal" title="Bipin Chandra Pal">Bipin Chandra Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Rajagopalachari" title="C. Rajagopalachari">C. Rajagopalachari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Shekhar_Azad" title="Chandra Shekhar Azad">Chandra Shekhar Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetram_Jatav" title="Chetram Jatav">Chetram Jatav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Das" title="Chittaranjan Das">Chittaranjan Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadabhai_Naoroji" title="Dadabhai Naoroji">Dadabhai Naoroji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhan_Singh" title="Dhan Singh">Dhan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukkipati_Nageswara_Rao" title="Dukkipati Nageswara Rao">Dukkipati Nageswara Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Krishna_Gokhale" title="Gopal Krishna Gokhale">Gopal Krishna Gokhale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govind_Ballabh_Pant" title="Govind Ballabh Pant">Govind Ballabh Pant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Har Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemu_Kalani" title="Hemu Kalani">Hemu Kalani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inayatullah_Khan_Mashriqi" title="Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi">Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Mohan_Sengupta" title="Jatindra Mohan Sengupta">Jatindra Mohan Sengupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Nath_Das" title="Jatindra Nath Das">Jatindra Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Kamaraj" title="K. Kamaraj">K. Kamaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaiyalal_Maneklal_Munshi" title="Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi">Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Ghaffar_Khan" title="Abdul Ghaffar Khan">Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudiram_Bose" title="Khudiram Bose">Khudiram Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Krishna_Sinha" title="Shri Krishna Sinha">Shri Krishna Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai" title="Lala Lajpat Rai">Lala Lajpat Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Bhaktavatsalam" title="M. Bhaktavatsalam">M. Bhaktavatsalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghfoor_Ahmad_Ajazi" title="Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi">Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadaji_Shinde" title="Mahadaji Shinde">Mahadaji Shinde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_Pandey" title="Mangal Pandey">Mangal Pandey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Qasim" title="Mir Qasim">Mir Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithuben_Petit" title="Mithuben Petit">Mithuben Petit‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jauhar" title="Mohammad Ali Jauhar">Mohammad Ali Jauhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mian_Mansoor_Ansari" title="Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari">Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagnath_Naikwadi" title="Nagnath Naikwadi">Nagnath Naikwadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Fadnavis" title="Nana Fadnavis">Nana Fadnavis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Saheb_Peshwa_II" title="Nana Saheb Peshwa II">Nana Saheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Kakkan" title="P. Kakkan">P. Kakkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prafulla_Chaki" title="Prafulla Chaki">Prafulla Chaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pritilata_Waddedar" title="Pritilata Waddedar">Pritilata Waddedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purushottam_Das_Tandon" title="Purushottam Das Tandon">Purushottam Das Tandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafi_Ahmed_Kidwai" title="Rafi Ahmed Kidwai">Rafi Ahmed Kidwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaswamy_Venkataraman" title="Ramaswamy Venkataraman">R. Venkataraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahul_Sankrityayan" title="Rahul Sankrityayan">Rahul Sankrityayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Prasad" title="Rajendra Prasad">Rajendra Prasad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Prasad_Bismil" title="Ram Prasad Bismil">Ram Prasad Bismil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rani_of_Jhansi" title="Rani of Jhansi">Rani Lakshmibai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rash Behari Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahajanand_Saraswati" title="Sahajanand Saraswati">Sahajanand Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangolli_Rayanna" title="Sangolli Rayanna">Sangolli Rayanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarojini_Naidu" title="Sarojini Naidu">Sarojini Naidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyapal_Dang" title="Satyapal Dang">Satyapal Dang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuja-ud-Daula" title="Shuja-ud-Daula">Shuja-ud-Daula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyamji_Krishna_Varma" title="Shyamji Krishna Varma">Shyamji Krishna Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_of_Pagaro_VI" title="Pir of Pagaro VI">Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siraj_ud-Daulah" class="mw-redirect" title="Siraj ud-Daulah">Siraj ud-Daulah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Subhas Chandra Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subramania_Bharati" title="Subramania Bharati">Subramania Bharati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subramaniya_Siva" title="Subramaniya Siva">Subramaniya Siva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_Sen" title="Surya Sen">Surya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syama_Prasad_Mukherjee" title="Syama Prasad Mukherjee">Syama Prasad Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tara_Rani_Srivastava" title="Tara Rani Srivastava">Tara Rani Srivastava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatya_Tope" title="Tatya Tope">Tatya Tope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruppur_Kumaran" title="Tiruppur Kumaran">Tiruppur Kumaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaidullah_Sindhi" title="Ubaidullah Sindhi">Ubaidullah Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._O._Chidambaram_Pillai" title="V. O. Chidambaram Pillai">V. O. Chidamabaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._Krishna_Menon" title="V. K. Krishna Menon">V. K. Krishna Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabhbhai_Patel" title="Vallabhbhai Patel">Vallabhbhai Patel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanchinathan" title="Vanchinathan">Vanchinathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeran_Sundaralingam" title="Veeran Sundaralingam">Veeran Sundaralingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Virendranath Chattopadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashwantrao_Holkar" title="Yashwantrao Holkar">Yashwantrao Holkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogendra_Shukla" title="Yogendra Shukla">Yogendra Shukla</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_independence_activists" title="Category:Indian independence activists">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Wavell,_1st_Earl_Wavell" title="Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell">Wavell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Canning,_1st_Earl_Canning" title="Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis" title="Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis">Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wood,_1st_Earl_of_Halifax" title="Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax">Irwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Thesiger,_1st_Viscount_Chelmsford" title="Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Curzon,_1st_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston" title="George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston">Curzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Robinson,_1st_Marquess_of_Ripon" title="George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound,_1st_Earl_of_Minto" title="Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto">Minto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Broun-Ramsay,_1st_Marquess_of_Dalhousie" title="James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie">Dalhousie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_William_Bentinck" title="Lord William Bentinck">Bentinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Mountbatten" title="Lord Mountbatten">Mountbatten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wellesley,_1st_Marquess_Wellesley" title="Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bulwer-Lytton,_1st_Earl_of_Lytton" title="Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton">Lytton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Clive" title="Robert Clive">Clive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Outram,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir James Outram, 1st Baronet">Outram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Cripps" title="Stafford Cripps">Cripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hope,_2nd_Marquess_of_Linlithgow" title="Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow">Linlithgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Hastings" title="Warren Hastings">Hastings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1946_Cabinet_Mission_to_India" title="1946 Cabinet Mission to India">Cabinet Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_India_(1947%E2%80%93present)" title="History of India (1947–present)">Republic of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Goa" title="Annexation of Goa">Indian annexation of Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_Act_1947" title="Indian Independence Act 1947">Indian Independence Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_integration_of_India" title="Political integration of India">Political integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simla_Conference" title="Simla Conference">Simla Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" title="Template:Indian Revolutionary Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" title="Template talk:Indian Revolutionary Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian Revolutionary Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">Indian Revolutionary Movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhinav_Bharat_Society" title="Abhinav Bharat Society">Abhinav Bharat Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Volunteers" title="Bengal Volunteers">Bengal Volunteers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Consolidation" title="Communist Consolidation">Communist Consolidation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Anushilan_Samiti" title="Dhaka Anushilan Samiti">Dhaka Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghadar Party">Ghadar Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Socialist_Republican_Association" title="Hindustan Socialist Republican Association">Hindustan Socialist Republican Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House" title="India House">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a> (Yugantar)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naujawan_Bharat_Sabha" title="Naujawan Bharat Sabha">Naujawan Bharat Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Indian_Society" title="Paris Indian Society">Paris Indian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_and_Peasants_Party_(India)" title="Workers and Peasants Party (India)">Workers and Peasants Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abinash_Chandra_Bhattacharya" title="Abinash Chandra Bhattacharya">Abinash Chandra Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambika_Chakrabarty" title="Ambika Chakrabarty">Ambika Chakrabarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajoy_Ghosh" title="Ajoy Ghosh">Ajoy Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alluri_Sitarama_Raju" title="Alluri Sitarama Raju">Alluri Sitarama Raju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anant_Laxman_Kanhere" title="Anant Laxman Kanhere">Anant Laxman Kanhere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananta_Singh" title="Ananta Singh">Ananta Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anantahari_Mitra" title="Anantahari Mitra">Anantahari Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaqulla_Khan" title="Ashfaqulla Khan">Ashfaqulla Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atul_Krishna_Ghosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Atul Krishna Ghosh">Atul Krishna Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badal_Gupta" title="Badal Gupta">Badal Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baikuntha_Shukla" title="Baikuntha Shukla">Baikuntha Shukla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banwari_Lal_(revolutionary)" title="Banwari Lal (revolutionary)">Banwari Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basanta_Kumar_Biswas" title="Basanta Kumar Biswas">Basanta Kumar Biswas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basawon_Singh" title="Basawon Singh">Basawon Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batukeshwar_Dutt" title="Batukeshwar Dutt">Batukeshwar Dutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benoy_Basu" title="Benoy Basu">Benoy Basu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Singh" title="Bhagat Singh">Bhagat Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwan_Singh_Gyanee" title="Bhagwan Singh Gyanee">Bhagwan Singh Gyanee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwati_Charan_Vohra" title="Bhagwati Charan Vohra">Bhagwati Charan Vohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Balmukund" title="Bhai Balmukund">Bhai Balmukund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Parmanand" title="Bhai Parmanand">Bhai Parmanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendra_Kumar_Datta" title="Bhupendra Kumar Datta">Bhupendra Kumar Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendranath_Datta" title="Bhupendranath Datta">Bhupendranath Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavabhushan_Mitra" title="Bhavabhushan Mitra">Bhavabhushan Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bina_Das" title="Bina Das">Bina Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binod_Bihari_Chowdhury" title="Binod Bihari Chowdhury">Binod Bihari Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipin_Behari_Ganguli" title="Bipin Behari Ganguli">Bipin Behari Ganguli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chempakaraman_Pillai" title="Chempakaraman Pillai">Chempakaraman Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Shekhar_Azad" title="Chandra Shekhar Azad">Chandra Shekhar Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittapriya_Ray_Chaudhuri" title="Chittapriya Ray Chaudhuri">Chittapriya Ray Chaudhuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deba_Gupta" title="Deba Gupta">Deba Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinesh_Gupta" title="Dinesh Gupta">Dinesh Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durgawati_Devi" title="Durgawati Devi">Durgawati Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Ganesh Damodar Savarkar">Ganesh Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Ghosh" title="Ganesh Ghosh">Ganesh Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaya_Prasad_Katiyar" title="Gaya Prasad Katiyar">Gaya Prasad Katiyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulab_Kaur" title="Gulab Kaur">Gulab Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guran_Ditt_Kumar" title="Guran Ditt Kumar">Guran Ditt Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Har Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_Konar" title="Hare Krishna Konar">Hare Krishna Konar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridas_Dutta" title="Haridas Dutta">Haridas Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harigopal_Bal" title="Harigopal Bal">Harigopal Bal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Kishan_Talwar" title="Hari Kishan Talwar">Hari Kishan Talwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harnam_Singh_Saini" title="Harnam Singh Saini">Harnam Singh Saini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemchandra_Kanungo" title="Hemchandra Kanungo">Hemchandra Kanungo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemu_Kalani" title="Hemu Kalani">Hemu Kalani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadugopal_Mukherjee" title="Jadugopal Mukherjee">Jadugopal Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Nath_Das" title="Jatindra Nath Das">Jatindra Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiban_Ghoshal" title="Jiban Ghoshal">Jiban Ghoshal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnanendra_Das_Gupta" title="Jnanendra Das Gupta">Jnanendra Das Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jogesh_Chandra_Chatterjee" title="Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee">Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanailal_Dutta" title="Kanailal Dutta">Kanailal Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpana_Datta" title="Kalpana Datta">Kalpana Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyani_Das" title="Kalyani Das">Kalyani Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaji_Gopal_Karve" title="Krishnaji Gopal Karve">Krishnaji Gopal Karve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartar_Singh_Sarabha" title="Kartar Singh Sarabha">Kartar Singh Sarabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandit_Kishori_Lal" title="Pandit Kishori Lal">Kishori Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudiram_Bose" title="Khudiram Bose">Khudiram Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_Pratap_Singh_Barhath" title="Kunwar Pratap Singh Barhath">Kunwar Pratap Singh Barhath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushal_Konwar" title="Kushal Konwar">Kushal Konwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokenath_Bal" title="Lokenath Bal">Lokenath Bal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madan_Lal_Dhingra" title="Madan Lal Dhingra">Madan Lal Dhingra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavir_Singh_(revolutionary)" title="Mahavir Singh (revolutionary)">Mahavir Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manmath_Nath_Gupta" title="Manmath Nath Gupta">Manmath Nath Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoranjan_Bhattacharya_(revolutionary)" title="Manoranjan Bhattacharya (revolutionary)">Manoranjan Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matangini_Hazra" title="Matangini Hazra">Matangini Hazra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohit_Moitra" title="Mohit Moitra">Mohit Moitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohan_Kishore_Namadas" title="Mohan Kishore Namadas">Mohan Kishore Namadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motilal_Roy" title="Motilal Roy">Motilal Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._P._T._Acharya" title="M. P. T. Acharya">M. P. T. Acharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukundi_Lal" title="Mukundi Lal">Mukundi Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munsha_Singh_Dukhi" title="Munsha Singh Dukhi">Munsha Singh Dukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Mohan_Sen" title="Narendra Mohan Sen">Narendra Mohan Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niralamba_Swami" title="Niralamba Swami">Niralamba Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niranjan_Sengupta" title="Niranjan Sengupta">Niranjan Sengupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmal_Jibon_Ghosh" title="Nirmal Jibon Ghosh">Nirmal Jibon Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandit_Kanshi_Ram" title="Pandit Kanshi Ram">Pandit Kanshi Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchanan_Chakraborty" title="Panchanan Chakraborty">Panchanan Chakraborty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Mahadev_Bapat" title="Pandurang Mahadev Bapat">Pandurang Mahadev Bapat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje" title="Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje">Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prafulla_Chaki" title="Prafulla Chaki">Prafulla Chaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramod_Ranjan_Choudhury" title="Pramod Ranjan Choudhury">Pramod Ranjan Choudhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratul_Chandra_Ganguli" title="Pratul Chandra Ganguli">Pratul Chandra Ganguli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradyot_Kumar_Bhattacharya" title="Pradyot Kumar Bhattacharya">Pradyot Kumar Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Krishna_Khanna" title="Prem Krishna Khanna">Prem Krishna Khanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pritilata_Waddedar" title="Pritilata Waddedar">Pritilata Waddedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulin_Behari_Das" title="Pulin Behari Das">Pulin Behari Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._V._Kurian" title="P. V. Kurian">P. V. Kurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajat_Sen" title="Rajat Sen">Rajat Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Lahiri" title="Rajendra Lahiri">Rajendra Lahiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Chandra_Bharadwaj" title="Ram Chandra Bharadwaj">Ram Chandra Bharadwaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna_Biswas" title="Ramakrishna Biswas">Ramakrishna Biswas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Prasad_Bismil" title="Ram Prasad Bismil">Ram Prasad Bismil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Rakha" title="Ram Rakha">Ram Rakha</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rash Behari Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roshan_Singh" title="Roshan Singh">Roshan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachindra_Bakshi" title="Sachindra Bakshi">Sachindra Bakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachindra_Nath_Sanyal" title="Sachindra Nath Sanyal">Sachindra Nath Sanyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosh_Kumar_Mitra" title="Santosh Kumar Mitra">Santosh Kumar Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyendranath_Bosu" title="Satyendranath Bosu">Satyendranath Bosu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satish_Sardar" title="Satish Sardar">Satish Sardar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Verma" title="Shiv Verma">Shiv Verma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivaram_Rajguru" title="Shivaram Rajguru">Shivaram Rajguru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrish_Chandra_Ghosh" title="Shrish Chandra Ghosh">Shrish Chandra Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyamji_Krishna_Varma" title="Shyamji Krishna Varma">Shyamji Krishna Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_Singh_Bhakna" title="Sohan Singh Bhakna">Sohan Singh Bhakna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohanlal_Pathak" title="Sohanlal Pathak">Sohanlal Pathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srish_Pal" title="Srish Pal">Srish Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subodh_Roy" title="Subodh Roy">Subodh Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhdev_Thapar" title="Sukhdev Thapar">Sukhdev Thapar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suniti_Choudhury" title="Suniti Choudhury">Suniti Choudhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_Sen" title="Surya Sen">Surya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarakeswar_Dastidar" title="Tarakeswar Dastidar">Tarakeswar Dastidar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarakeswar_Sengupta" title="Tarakeswar Sengupta">Tarakeswar Sengupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakur_Kesari_Singh_Barhath" title="Thakur Kesari Singh Barhath">Thakur Kesari Singh Barhath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakur_Zorawar_Singh_Barhath" title="Thakur Zorawar Singh Barhath">Thakur Zorawar Singh Barhath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udham_Singh" title="Udham Singh">Udham Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ullaskar_Dutta" title="Ullaskar Dutta">Ullaskar Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._V._S._Aiyar" title="V. V. S. Aiyar">V. V. S. Aiyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanchinathan" title="Vanchinathan">Vanchinathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veer_Bhai_Kotwal" title="Veer Bhai Kotwal">Veer Bhai Kotwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Virendranath Chattopadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Ganesh_Pingle" title="Vishnu Ganesh Pingle">Vishnu Ganesh Pingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishwanath_Vaishampayan" title="Vishwanath Vaishampayan">Vishwanath Vaishampayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogendra_Shukla" title="Yogendra Shukla">Yogendra Shukla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bande_Mataram_(publication)" title="Bande Mataram (publication)">Bande Mataram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bande_Mataram_(Paris_publication)" title="Bande Mataram (Paris publication)">Bande Mataram (Paris)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Ghadar" title="Hindustan Ghadar">Hindustan Ghadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar_Patrika" title="Jugantar Patrika">Jugantar Patrika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alipore_Bomb_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Alipore Bomb case">Alipore Bomb case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barisal_Conspiracy_Case" title="Barisal Conspiracy Case">Barisal Conspiracy Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Armoury_Raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Chittagong Armoury Raid">Chittagong Armoury Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_Plot" title="Christmas Day Plot">Christmas Day Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi conspiracy case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Conspiracy_Commission" title="Delhi Conspiracy Commission">Delhi Conspiracy Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Mutiny" title="Ghadar Mutiny">Ghadar Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy_Trial" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial">Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah-Sibpur_Conspiracy_case" title="Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case">Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakori_conspiracy" title="Kakori conspiracy">Kakori conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Conspiracy_Case_trial" title="Lahore Conspiracy Case trial">Lahore Conspiracy Case trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodda_company_arms_heist" title="Rodda company arms heist">Rodda company arms heist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000083736208">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/37972433">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/169429/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjMDhPKW69YWmhXvprH4q">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/128464909">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84207023">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13556825g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13556825g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00433924">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p143914634">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06469289?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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