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demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography_and_demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Political_and_administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_and_administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Political and administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_and_administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leonese_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leonese_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Leonese language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leonese_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leonese_cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leonese_cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Leonese cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leonese_cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TLD_Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TLD_Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>TLD Campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TLD_Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Leoneses</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above nickname" style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal;"><div><i>Llïoneses</i> (<a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese</a>)<br /><i>Leoneses</i> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Leon%C3%A9s.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bandera_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Leon%C3%A9s.svg/220px-Bandera_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Leon%C3%A9s.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bandera_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Leon%C3%A9s.svg/330px-Bandera_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Leon%C3%A9s.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bandera_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Leon%C3%A9s.svg/440px-Bandera_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Leon%C3%A9s.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">(2021-2022) 1 263 223 (<a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>) <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><small><b>Majority:</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a><br /><small><b>Minority:</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese</a> • <a href="/wiki/Galician_language" title="Galician language">Galician</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholicism</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">other <a href="/wiki/Spaniards" title="Spaniards">Spaniards</a> (<a href="/wiki/Asturian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Asturian people">Asturians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cantabrian_people" title="Cantabrian people">Cantabrians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vaqueiros_de_alzada" title="Vaqueiros de alzada">Vaqueiros de alzada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Extremadurans" title="Extremadurans">Extremadurans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galicians" title="Galicians">Galicians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castilian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Castilian people">Castilians</a>), <a href="/wiki/Mirandese_language" title="Mirandese language">Mirandese</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-top:0.4em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Spain" title="Category:Spain">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%; line-height:1.0em; padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Spaniards" title="Spaniards">Spanish people</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="border:none; padding:0.6em 0.4em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain_(Civil)_alternate_colours.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Spain_%28Civil%29_alternate_colours.svg/150px-Flag_of_Spain_%28Civil%29_alternate_colours.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Spain_%28Civil%29_alternate_colours.svg/225px-Flag_of_Spain_%28Civil%29_alternate_colours.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Spain_%28Civil%29_alternate_colours.svg/300px-Flag_of_Spain_%28Civil%29_alternate_colours.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Spain" title="Flag of Spain">Rojigualda</a></i> (historical Spanish flag)</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/National_and_regional_identity_in_Spain" title="National and regional identity in Spain">Regional groups</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andalusians" title="Andalusians">Andalusians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aragonese_people" title="Aragonese people">Aragonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asturians" title="Asturians">Asturians</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(including <i><a href="/wiki/Vaqueiros_de_alzada" title="Vaqueiros de alzada">Vaqueiros de Alzada</a></i>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Balearic people">Balearics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basques" title="Basques">Basques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islanders" title="Canary Islanders">Canary Islanders</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(incl. <i><a href="/wiki/Isle%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Isleño">Isleños</a></i>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantabrian_people" title="Cantabrian people">Cantabrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castilian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Castilian people">Castilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalan people">Catalans</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Criollo_people" title="Criollo people">Criollos</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremadurans" title="Extremadurans">Extremadurans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Galician people">Galicians</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Valencian people">Valencians</a></li></ul> <hr /> <b>Other groups</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erromintxela_language" title="Erromintxela language">Erromintxela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitanos" title="Gitanos">Gitanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercheros" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercheros">Mercheros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghrebis" title="Maghrebis">Maghrebis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitans" title="Occitans">Occitans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Jews" title="Sephardic Jews">Sephardim</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(including <a href="/wiki/Spanish_and_Portuguese_Jews" title="Spanish and Portuguese Jews">Iberian Jews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xueta" title="Xueta">Xuetes</a>)</span></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa; background:#ddddff;"> Significant <a href="/wiki/Spanish_diaspora" title="Spanish diaspora">Spanish diaspora</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Andorra#Ethnic_groups" title="Demographics of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Argentines" title="Spanish Argentines">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Belgium#Ethnic_groups" title="Demographics of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Brazilians" title="Spanish Brazilians">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Chileans" title="Spanish Chileans">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colombian" title="Spanish Colombian">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_Cuba" title="Spanish immigration to Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Dominicans" title="White Dominicans">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_France" title="Spanish immigration to France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_Germany" title="Spanish immigration to Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Italy#Genetics_and_ethnic_groups" title="Demographics of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaniards_in_Mexico" title="Spaniards in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demography_of_the_Netherlands#Ethnic_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Demography of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_Peru" title="Spanish immigration to Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Filipino" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Filipino">Philippines</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_settlement_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Spanish settlement of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaniards_in_Sweden" title="Spaniards in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Switzerland#Nationality" title="Demographics of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaniards_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Spaniards in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Americans" title="Spanish Americans">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Uruguayans" title="Spanish Uruguayans">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_Venezuela" title="Spanish immigration to Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0 0.4em 0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Spain" title="Languages of Spain">Languages</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(AKA <a href="/wiki/Names_given_to_the_Spanish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Names given to the Spanish language">Castilian</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_language" title="Galician language">Galician</a></li></ul> <hr /><b>Other languages</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aragonese_language" title="Aragonese language">Aragonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astur-Leonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Astur-Leonese">Astur-Leonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal%C3%B3_language" title="Caló language">Caló</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Sign_Language" title="Catalan Sign Language">Catalan Sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erromintxela" class="mw-redirect" title="Erromintxela">Erromintxela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremaduran_language" title="Extremaduran language">Extremaduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fala_language" title="Fala language">Fala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaeo-Spanish" title="Judaeo-Spanish">Judaeo-Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(AKA <a href="/wiki/Aranese_dialect" title="Aranese dialect">Aranese</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Sign_Language" title="Spanish Sign Language">Spanish Sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_Sign_Language" title="Valencian Sign Language">Valencian Sign</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; font-weight:normal; border-top:#aaa 1px solid"> <b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_people" title="Category:Spanish people">Category</a> • <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/16px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/24px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/32px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spain" title="Portal:Spain">Spain portal</a></b></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-top:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spanish_people" title="Template:Spanish people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Spanish_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Spanish people (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Leonese</b> (<a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese</a>: <i>Llïoneses;</i> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i>Leoneses</i>) are a subgroup of <a href="/wiki/Spaniards" title="Spaniards">Spaniards</a>, native to historical region of <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_(historical_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="León (historical region)">León</a> in Spain. </p><p>The Leonese Kingdom was an independent kingdom in the Middle Ages until 1230 when it was joined to the Kingdom of Castile (from 1296 to 1301 the Kingdom of León was again independent); after the re-union with Castile in 1301 it remained a kingdom until 1833, but as part of a united Spain from 1479. In <a href="/wiki/1833_territorial_division_of_Spain" title="1833 territorial division of Spain">1833</a> it was divided into three provinces. The languages of the Leonese people are <a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galician_language" title="Galician language">Galician</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Castilian Spanish</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography_and_demographics">Geography and demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography and demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_and_administrative_divisions">Political and administrative divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political and administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The former <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Kingdom of León">Kingdom of León</a> was divided into three historical regions: <a href="/wiki/Asturias" title="Asturias">Asturias</a>, León, and <a href="/wiki/Extremadura" title="Extremadura">Extremadura</a>, with the eastern territories into Castile. The Spanish division of 1833<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> recognised as Leonese the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Province of León">León</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salamanca" title="Province of Salamanca">Salamanca</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Zamora" title="Province of Zamora">Zamora</a>. They are now part of <a href="/wiki/Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Castile and León">Castile and León</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leonese_language">Leonese language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Leonese language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese language</a></div> <p>The <b>Leonese language</b> (<i>Llingua Llïonesa</i> in Leonese) developed from <a href="/wiki/Vulgar_Latin" title="Vulgar Latin">Vulgar Latin</a>. </p><p>Leonese was the official language of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Kingdom of León">Leonese Kingdom</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. The first written text in Leonese was <i>Nodicia de Kesos</i> (959 or 974), and other old texts include <i>Fueru de Llión</i>, <i>Fueru de Salamanca</i>, <i>Fueru Xulgu</i>, <i>Códice d'Alfonsu XI</i>, <i>Disputa d'Elena y María</i>, and <i>Llibru d'Alixandre</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its precarious situation as a minority language has driven Leonese to near extinction; it is considered a seriously <a href="/wiki/Endangered_language" title="Endangered language">endangered language</a> by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leonese_cuisine">Leonese cuisine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Leonese cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><b>Embutidos</b></i> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cecina_(meat)" title="Cecina (meat)">Cecina</a> from León</i>: from beef. In <a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese</a>, <b>cecina</b> means "meat that has been salted and dried by means of air, sun or smoke". <b>Cecina de León</b> is made of the hind legs of beef, salted, smoked and air-dried in the province of <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="León (province)">León</a> in Northwestern Spain, and has <a href="/wiki/Protected_designation_of_origin" title="Protected designation of origin">PGI</a> status.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Botillo" title="Botillo">Botillo</a></i>: from pork. Traditionally made in the western Leonese regions. <i>Botiellu</i>, in <a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese language</a>, is a dish of meat-stuffed pork intestine. It is a culinary specialty of El Bierzo, a county in the Spanish province of León and the region of Trás-os-Montes in Portugal where it is known as <i><a href="/wiki/Botelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Botelo">Botelo</a></i>. This type of <i>Embutido</i> (Spanish) ou <i>Enchido</i> (Portuguese) is a meat product made from different pieces left over from the butchering of a pig, including the ribs, tail, and bones with a little meat left on them. These are chopped; seasoned with salt, pepper, garlic, and other spices; stuffed in the cecum of the pig; and partly cured via smoking. It can also include the pig's tongue, shoulder blade, jaw, and backbone, but may never exceed 20% of the total volume. It is normally consumed cooked and covered with a sheet. Also has a <a href="/wiki/Protected_designation_of_origin" title="Protected designation of origin">PGI</a> status.</li> <li><i>Farinato</i></li></ul> <p><i><b>Wines</b></i> </p> <ul><li><i>Bierzo</i>: is in the west of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Province of León">Province of León</a> and covers about 3,000 km<sup>2</sup> (1,200 sq mi). The area consists of numerous small valleys in the mountainous part (Alto Bierzo) and of a wide, flat plain (Bajo Bierzo). The DO covers 23 municipalities.</li> <li><i>Tierras de León</i>: is in the southeast of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Province of León">Province of León</a>.</li> <li><i>Toro</i>: is in the east of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Zamora" title="Province of Zamora">Province of Zamora</a>.</li> <li><i>Arribes</i>: is in the southeast of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Zamora" title="Province of Zamora">Province of Zamora</a> and the northwest of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salamanca" title="Province of Salamanca">Province of Salamanca</a>. There are 750 ha of vineyards registered with the Consejo Regulador (Governing Body)</li></ul> <p><i><b>Sweets</b></i> </p> <ul><li>Mantecadas de Astorga</li> <li>Hojaldres de Astorga</li> <li>Lazos de San Guillermo</li> <li>Nicanores de Boñar</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The majority of Leonese are <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TLD_Campaign">TLD Campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: TLD Campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=PuntuLLI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PuntuLLI (page does not exist)">PuntuLLI</a> Association<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> fights for a <a href="/wiki/Top_Level_Domain" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Level Domain">Top Level Domain</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese language</a> and culture. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonese_language" title="Leonese language">Leonese language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_(historical_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="León (historical region)">León (historical region)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Asturias" title="Kingdom of Asturias">Kingdom of Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Kingdom of León">Kingdom of León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Province of León">Province of León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salamanca" title="Province of Salamanca">Province of Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Zamora" title="Province of Zamora">Province of Zamora</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lavanguardia.com/vangdata/20150402/54429637154/interactivo-creencias-y-practicas-religiosas-en-espana.html">Interactivo: Creencias y prácticas religiosas en España</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Menéndez Pidal, R. "El Dialecto Leonés". Madrid. 1906</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.helsinki.fi/~tasalmin/europe_report.html#Leonese">UNESCO Red Book on Endangered Languages: Europe</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">listed by cityTLD as a Top Level Domain initiative</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonese_people&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090318174242/http://www.puntulli.org/">https://web.archive.org/web/20090318174242/http://www.puntulli.org/</a> Top Level Domain for Leonese language</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.elfueyu.net/">http://www.elfueyu.net/</a> Leonese language Association</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.today/20120730/http://www.eltoralin.com/">https://archive.today/20120730/http://www.eltoralin.com/</a> Leonese language Association from El Bierzo</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.aytoleon.es/">http://www.aytoleon.es/</a> Leonese City Council</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.dipuleon.es/">http://www.dipuleon.es/</a> Leonese Provincial Council</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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title="Aragonese people">Aragonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asturians" title="Asturians">Asturians</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(including <i><a href="/wiki/Vaqueiros_de_alzada" title="Vaqueiros de alzada">Vaqueiros de alzada</a></i>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islanders" title="Canary Islanders">Canary Islanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantabrian_people" title="Cantabrian people">Cantabrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castilians" title="Castilians">Castilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremadurans" title="Extremadurans">Extremadurans</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basques" title="Basques">Basques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalans" title="Catalans">Catalans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Balearic people">Balearics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencians" title="Valencians">Valencians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galicians" title="Galicians">Galicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic and related minorities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gitanos" title="Gitanos">Gypsies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iberian_Kale" class="mw-redirect" title="Iberian Kale">Iberian Kale</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardim" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardim">Sephardim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_and_Portuguese_Jews" title="Spanish and Portuguese Jews">Western Sephardim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xueta" title="Xueta">Xuetas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Isleño">Isleños</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criollo_people" title="Criollo people">Criollos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Immigrants and expatriates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Immigration_to_Spain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Immigration_to_Spain" title="Template:Immigration to Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Immigration_to_Spain" title="Template talk:Immigration to Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Immigration_to_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Immigration to Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Immigration_to_Spain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Spain" title="Immigration to Spain">Immigration to Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Spanish" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Spanish">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazigh" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazigh">Amazigh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerians_in_Spain" title="Algerians in Spain">Algerians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccans_in_Spain" title="Moroccans in Spain">Moroccans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawis_in_Spain" title="Sahrawis in Spain">Sahrawis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_Spanish" title="Cape Verdean Spanish">Cape Verdeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinean_immigration_to_Spain" title="Equatorial Guinean immigration to Spain">Equatorial Guineans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas<br /> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_American_migration_to_Spain" title="Latin American migration to Spain">Latin American</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentines_in_Spain" title="Argentines in Spain">Argentines</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_boliviana_en_Espa%C3%B1a" class="extiw" title="es:Inmigración boliviana en España">Bolivians</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_chilena_en_Espa%C3%B1a" class="extiw" title="es:Inmigración chilena en España">Chileans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombians_in_Spain" title="Colombians in Spain">Colombians</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_cubana_en_Espa%C3%B1a" class="extiw" title="es:Inmigración cubana en España">Cubans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominicans_in_Spain" title="Dominicans in Spain">Dominicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorians_in_Spain" title="Ecuadorians in Spain">Ecuadorians</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_hondure%C3%B1a_en_Espa%C3%B1a" class="extiw" title="es:Inmigración hondureña en España">Hondurans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_immigration_to_Spain" title="Mexican immigration to Spain">Mexicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayans_in_Spain" title="Paraguayans in Spain">Paraguayans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvians_in_Spain" title="Peruvians in Spain">Peruvians</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_salvadore%C3%B1a_en_Espa%C3%B1a" class="extiw" title="es:Inmigración salvadoreña en España">Salvadorans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayans_in_Spain" title="Uruguayans in Spain">Uruguayans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelans_in_Spain" title="Venezuelans in Spain">Venezuelans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_Spain" title="Arabs in Spain">Arabs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_people_in_Spain" title="Lebanese people in Spain">Lebanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Spain" title="Armenians in Spain">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Spain" title="Chinese people in Spain">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_people_of_Filipino_ancestry" title="Spanish people of Filipino ancestry">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgians_in_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgians in Spain">Georgians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Spain" title="Indians in Spain">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranians_in_Spain" title="Iranians in Spain">Iranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_people_in_Spain" title="Japanese people in Spain">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Spain" title="Koreans in Spain">Koreans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_Spain" title="Pakistanis in Spain">Pakistanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Spain" title="Turks in Spain">Turks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Spain" title="Albanians in Spain">Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_immigration_in_Spain" title="British immigration in Spain">British immigration in Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Spain" title="Bulgarians in Spain">Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanians_in_Spain" title="Romanians in Spain">Romanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Spain" title="Russians in Spain">Russians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbs_in_Spain" title="Serbs in Spain">Serbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians_in_Spain" title="Italians in Spain">Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poles_in_Spain" title="Poles in Spain">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians_in_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainians in Spain">Ukrainians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Spain" title="Demographics of Spain">Demographics of Spain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_the_Iberian_Peninsula" title="Genetic history of the Iberian Peninsula">Genetic history</a></li> <li><a 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