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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Culinary uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culinary_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vernacular_names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vernacular_names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vernacular names</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vernacular_names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pup%C3%BA%C3%B1a" title="Pupúña – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pupúña" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouke%C5%88_ztepil%C3%A1" title="Moukeň ztepilá – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Moukeň ztepilá" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfirsichpalme" title="Pfirsichpalme – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pfirsichpalme" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%B7_%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Βακτρίς η γασιπάειος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βακτρίς η γασιπάειος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94" title="פופוניה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פופוניה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barackp%C3%A1lma" title="Barackpálma – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Barackpálma" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="باكتريس جسيبايس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="باكتريس جسيبايس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perzikpalm" title="Perzikpalm – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Perzikpalm" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD" title="チョンタドゥーロ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チョンタドゥーロ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmka_wytworna" title="Wilhelmka wytworna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wilhelmka wytworna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupunha" title="Pupunha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pupunha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chunta" title="Chunta – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chunta" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Персиковая пальма – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Персиковая пальма" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Персикова пальма – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Персикова пальма" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Bactris gasipaes – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bactris gasipaes" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A1%83%E6%A4%B0%E5%AD%90" title="桃椰子 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="桃椰子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q790172#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Bactris gasipaes</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pupunha_(Bactris_gasipaes)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_2.jpg/220px-Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_2.jpg/330px-Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_2.jpg/440px-Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Bactris" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monocotyledon" title="Monocotyledon">Monocots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commelinids" title="Commelinids">Commelinids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arecales" title="Arecales">Arecales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">Arecaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bactris" title="Bactris"><i>Bactris</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>B. gasipaes</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Bactris gasipaes</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Sigismund_Kunth" title="Carl Sigismund Kunth">Kunth</a><sup id="cite_ref-fao_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fao-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Peachpalmdistribution.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Peachpalmdistribution.pdf/page1-220px-Peachpalmdistribution.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Peachpalmdistribution.pdf/page1-330px-Peachpalmdistribution.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Peachpalmdistribution.pdf/page1-440px-Peachpalmdistribution.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="504" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Distribution of <i>Bactris gasipaes</i>. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><i>Guilielma gasipaes</i> <small>(Kunth) L.H.Bailey</small> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Bactris gasipaes</b></i> is a species of <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">palm</a> native to the <a href="/wiki/Tropical_forest" title="Tropical forest">tropical forests</a> of <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>. It is well spread in these regions, where it is often cultivated by smallholders in <a href="/wiki/Agroforestry" title="Agroforestry">agroforestry</a> systems or more rarely, in <a href="/wiki/Monoculture" title="Monoculture">monoculture</a>. <a href="/wiki/Common_name" title="Common name">Common names</a> include <b>peach palm</b> in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, among others used in South American countries. It is a long-lived <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennial plant</a> that is productive for 50 to 75 years on average. Its population has an important genetic diversity, leading to numerous fruits, colors, and qualities. The fruits are edible and nutritious but need to be cooked for 30 minutes to five hours. They also benefit many animals in the wild. Peach-palms are also cultivated for the <a href="/wiki/Heart_of_palm" title="Heart of palm">heart of palm</a>, and the trunk can make valuable timber.<sup id="cite_ref-test2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Bactris gasipaes</i>, like most sea-island palms, grows erect, with a single slender stem or, more often, several stems that are up to eight inches (20 cm) thick, in a cluster; generally armed with stiff, black spines in circular rows from the base to the summit. There are occasional specimens with only a few spines. It can typically grow to 20 metres (66 ft) or taller. The trunk is composed of a hard outer ring of black fibers embedded in a lighter tan or light brown colored body. Fibers are more densely packed toward the outside of the tree trunk, becoming more and more sparse toward the center of the tree. The center core of the tree is soft and contains none of the darker vascular bundles that give the wood its characteristic look and hardness. The <a href="/wiki/Leaf" title="Leaf">leaves</a> are <a href="/wiki/Pinnation" title="Pinnation">pinnate</a>, 3 metres (9.8 ft) long on a 1 metre (3.3 ft) long <a href="/wiki/Petiole_(botany)" title="Petiole (botany)">petiole</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruit</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Drupe" title="Drupe">drupe</a> with edible pulp surrounding the single <a href="/wiki/Seed" title="Seed">seed</a>, 4–6 cm long and 3–5 cm broad. The rind (<a href="/wiki/Epicarp" class="mw-redirect" title="Epicarp">epicarp</a>) of the fruit can be red, yellow, or orange when the fruit is ripe, depending on the variety of the palm.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bactris_gasipaes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bactris_gasipaes.jpg/170px-Bactris_gasipaes.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bactris_gasipaes.jpg/255px-Bactris_gasipaes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bactris_gasipaes.jpg/340px-Bactris_gasipaes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Inflorescence</figcaption></figure> <p>The peach palm grows wild in well-drained soils with various physical and chemical conditions, including acid and poor soils, since it is assisted by its association with mycorrhizas. It is grown in climates with precipitations between 2 000 mm and 5 000 mm and annual mean temperatures exceeding 24 °C. The recommended altitude for commercial cultivation ranges from 0 to 900 m asl.<sup id="cite_ref-test1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peach palm is occasionally found at higher altitudes of up to 1800m asl, as in Colombia's Cauca region El Tambo.<sup id="cite_ref-test2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peach palm can be considered the most important domesticated palm species of the <a href="/wiki/Neotropic" class="mw-redirect" title="Neotropic">Neotropics</a>. Its wild and domesticated populations can be found in <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a>, in the Pacific lowlands of <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and in the area of the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon rainforest</a>, especially at the eastern foothills of the <a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a>. The exact origin of the cultivated peach palm remains open to debate. The widespread cultivation of peach palm in the Americas reflects its capacity to adapt to a wide range of ecological conditions in the <a href="/wiki/Tropics" title="Tropics">tropics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subtropic" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropic">subtropics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-test2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wild and cultivated peach palm populations are genetically very diverse and could offer useful traits for breeding.<sup id="cite_ref-test3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genetically, the peach palm can be divided into (a) two western populations including Central America, the Andean valleys of Colombia and Venezuela and the Pacific lowlands of Colombia and Ecuador; and (b) two eastern populations including the upper and the eastern Amazon. In general, the western populations have harder stems, more abundant and stronger spines, larger leaves and more solid rooting in their juvenile phase.<sup id="cite_ref-test1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peach palm is a predominantly outcrossing species, though self-fertilization has also been observed. Pollination is carried out mainly by insects, especially by small curculionid beetles over distances between 100 and 500 m. Wind and gravity can also function as pollen vectors. Since peach palm is a long-lived perennial and predominantly outcrossing species, the genetic diversity of the populations is high. Though no definite studies have been conducted on seed dispersal of peach palms, it is probably restricted locally to dispersal by birds and seed-gathering mammals. Seeds may only be occasionally dispersed by water of greater distances. The gene flow of outcrossing tree species with such scattered distribution may be restricted and could result in genetically distinct, isolated subpopulations with small effective population sizes.<sup id="cite_ref-test1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to the cultivated peach palm, wild populations are threatened by deforestation, driven mainly by <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_expansion" title="Agricultural expansion">agricultural expansion</a> and the transition of forest to savannah. Many populations are now isolated by increasing forest fragmentation, which will lead to decreased reproduction via inbreeding depression and eventual extinction even without complete deforestation.<sup id="cite_ref-test4_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their natural distribution is not yet well defined. Wild peach palm trees can be found in disturbed ecosystems, on river banks and in primary forest gaps. They often occur in isolation or at low densities.<sup id="cite_ref-test1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pupunha_(Bactris_gasipaes)_7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_7.jpg/220px-Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_7.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_7.jpg/330px-Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_7.jpg/440px-Pupunha_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="515" /></a><figcaption>Sectioned fruit.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bactris_gasipaes_15zz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bactris_gasipaes_15zz.jpg/245px-Bactris_gasipaes_15zz.jpg" decoding="async" width="245" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bactris_gasipaes_15zz.jpg/368px-Bactris_gasipaes_15zz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bactris_gasipaes_15zz.jpg/490px-Bactris_gasipaes_15zz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>Spiny trunk.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestication">Domestication</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Domestication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Bactris gasipaes</i> was domesticated early in the occupation of the lowland humid neotropics by the indigenous people of the Americas during the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Columbian">pre-Columbian</a> era.<sup id="cite_ref-clement_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clement-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are three hypotheses for the exact origin of cultivated peach palm: There was either (a) a single <a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">domestication</a> event in the south western Amazon, (b) a single domestication event in the Colombian inter-Andean valleys and adjacent Pacific lowlands or (c) multiple independent centres of domestication.<sup id="cite_ref-test2_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides the fruits and seeds for human consumption, the pre-Columbian uses of the tree included the roots as medicine. The timber is exceptionally dense and strong; it had many uses. It is a durable material for bows, arrows, fishing poles, harpoons and building material, the spines for needles and the leaves for thatch and basketry.<sup id="cite_ref-clement_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clement-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though first used by humans for wood, it was likely fully domesticated for its starchy and oily fruits, of which the <a href="/wiki/Heart_of_palm" title="Heart of palm">heart of palm</a> is the most valued part in modern cultivation.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peach palm has a rapid juvenile growth (1.5 – 2 m per year) and a moderate light interception if the plant is spaced appropriately. Therefore, it is suitable for <a href="/wiki/Agroforestry" title="Agroforestry">agroforestry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-clement2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clement2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In commercial plantations, peach palm is found in agroforestry systems with coffee and banana in Costa Rica. In several countries in Central and South America, it is found in combination with pineapple, papaya, passion fruit, maize, cassava and cacao.<sup id="cite_ref-test2_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fruit production starts between three and five years after planting and production lasts then for 50 to 75 years.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plant reaches its full productivity after about seven years.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">Fertilizer</a> requirements of <i>Bactris gasipaes</i> are dependent on the nutrient status of the soil and are usually adapted from heart of palm or from other palm fruit production. Phosphorus is considered the most limiting nutrient and yield is driven by phosphorus and magnesium rather than by nitrogen.<sup id="cite_ref-test2_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Animal_feed">Animal feed</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Animal feed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peach palm fruit is widely used as animal feed. With its low fiber and high starch content, it can substitute <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a> in the fodder mixture.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By ensiling the fruits, drying and heat treatment to deactivate the <a href="/wiki/Trypsin_inhibitor" title="Trypsin inhibitor">trypsin inhibitor</a> can be avoided. However, a protein-rich additive is needed to enrich the silage of peach palm so it can be used to feed cattle.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peach palm fruit can further be used to feed fish, poultry and pigs and to produce multi-nutritional blocks for cows, goats and sheep.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pests_and_diseases">Pests and diseases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Pests and diseases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The trunk of the tree can be infested with <i><a href="/wiki/Phytophthora" title="Phytophthora">Phytophthora</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Oomycete" title="Oomycete">water molds</a>. The foliage is infested with <a href="/wiki/Fungus" title="Fungus">fungi</a> of the genera <i><a href="/wiki/Pestalotiopsis" title="Pestalotiopsis">Pestalotiopsis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Mycosphaerella" title="Mycosphaerella">Mycosphaerella</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Colletotrichum" title="Colletotrichum">Colletotrichum</a></i>. The fruit is attacked by fungi of the genera <i><a href="/wiki/Monilinia" title="Monilinia">Monilinia</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Ceratocystis" title="Ceratocystis">Ceratocystis</a></i>. Other pests include <a href="/wiki/Mite" title="Mite">mites</a> and insects (<i>Metamasius hemipterus</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culinary_uses">Culinary uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Culinary uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Bactris_gasipaes" title="Special:EditPage/Bactris gasipaes">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chontaduro_(Bactris_gasipaes)_at_Cali_airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chontaduro_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_at_Cali_airport.jpg/166px-Chontaduro_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_at_Cali_airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chontaduro_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_at_Cali_airport.jpg/250px-Chontaduro_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_at_Cali_airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chontaduro_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_at_Cali_airport.jpg/333px-Chontaduro_%28Bactris_gasipaes%29_at_Cali_airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption><i>Bactris gasipaes</i> sold at <a href="/wiki/Cali_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Cali Airport">Cali Airport</a> (Colombia).</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Bactris gasipaes</i> has been used for food for centuries. Spanish explorers found a pejibaye plantation of 30,000 trees on the Atlantic coast of Costa Rica, providing fruit that replaced corn in the indigenous diet.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fruit is stewed in salted water and peeled, the seed is removed, and it may be flavored with salt or honey. The texture both raw and cooked has been compared to a firm <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">sweet potato</a>, and the flavor to <a href="/wiki/Hominy" title="Hominy">hominy</a>, dry <a href="/wiki/Squash_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squash (plant)">squash</a> or roasted <a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">chestnut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some regions, the fruit halves are filled with mayonnaise or sour cream. Raw peach palm contains irritating <a href="/wiki/Calcium_oxalate" title="Calcium oxalate">calcium oxalate</a> crystals that disappear under intense heat. Sellers of the fruit (often, street vendors) cook the fruit for 5 hours the night previous to the sale; however, recent studies have revealed that the same effect can be achieved in 30 minutes inside a pressure cooker, or even less in dry ovens or microwaves, without significantly altering the flavour of the final product.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The raw fruit spoils quickly but it can be stored as a dry meal or <a href="/wiki/Fruit_preserves" title="Fruit preserves">preserves</a>. It can yield <a href="/wiki/Flour" title="Flour">flour</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vegetable_oil" title="Vegetable oil">edible oil</a>. Further, peach palm chips, currently produced in southern Colombia, are believed to have a large potential to enter mainstream markets.<sup id="cite_ref-test2_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This plant may also be harvested for <a href="/wiki/Heart_of_palm" title="Heart of palm">heart of palm</a>, and has commercial advantages in being fast growing; the first harvest can be from 18 to 24 months after planting. Brazil has a large domestic market for heart of palm and international demand is growing. It is also an economically important crop in Costa Rica. It is a viable substitute for other sources of heart of palm, such as <a href="/wiki/Overexploitation" title="Overexploitation">overexploited</a> native species of <i><a href="/wiki/Euterpe_(plant)" title="Euterpe (plant)">Euterpe</a></i>, including <i><a href="/wiki/Euterpe_oleracea" class="mw-redirect" title="Euterpe oleracea">Euterpe oleracea</a></i> (<i>açaí</i>) and <i><a href="/wiki/Euterpe_edulis" title="Euterpe edulis">Euterpe edulis</a></i> (<i>juçara</i>). It could also become a replacement crop for the threatened Fiji sago palm (<i><a href="/wiki/Metroxylon_vitiense" title="Metroxylon vitiense">Metroxylon vitiense</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-fiji_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fiji-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">colonization of the Americas</a>, the Spanish cut down 20,000 peach palms in Costa Rica in order to deprive and subjugate the indigenous population.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The palm was a staple in pre-Columbian times, and it became a neglected crop after the Spanish conquest. Even so, it has provided food safety when needed.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vernacular_names">Vernacular names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Vernacular names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bactris_speciosa_in_%27s_Lands_Plantentuin_Buitenzorg_TMnr_10006118.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bactris_speciosa_in_%27s_Lands_Plantentuin_Buitenzorg_TMnr_10006118.jpg/254px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bactris_speciosa_in_%27s_Lands_Plantentuin_Buitenzorg_TMnr_10006118.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="358" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bactris_speciosa_in_%27s_Lands_Plantentuin_Buitenzorg_TMnr_10006118.jpg/381px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bactris_speciosa_in_%27s_Lands_Plantentuin_Buitenzorg_TMnr_10006118.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bactris_speciosa_in_%27s_Lands_Plantentuin_Buitenzorg_TMnr_10006118.jpg 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Growth habit.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>awara (<a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>)</li> <li>chonta or chontaduro (<a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>)</li> <li>chontaduro or cachipay (<a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>)</li> <li>cor wary, supa (San Andrés archipelago)</li> <li>manaco (<a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>)</li> <li>pejibaye (<a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>)</li> <li>peewah (<a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a>)</li> <li>pijibay, supa (<a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> and <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>)</li> <li>pijiguao (<a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>)</li> <li>pijuayo (<a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>)</li> <li>pixbae or pivá or pifá (<a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>)</li> <li>pupunha (<a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>)</li> <li>tembé (<a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>)</li></ul> <p>The name of the pupunha in <a href="/wiki/Proto-language" title="Proto-language">Proto</a>-<a href="/wiki/Tucanoan_languages" title="Tucanoan languages">Tucanoan</a> has been reconstructed as <b>*ɨne</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fao-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fao_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hernández Bermejo, J. E. and J. León, Eds. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/T0646E/T0646E0l.htm">Peach-palm (<i>Bactris gasipaes</i>).</a> In: <i>Neglected Crops: 1492 From a Different Perspective.</i> Rome: UN FAO. 1994. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/92-5-103217-3" title="Special:BookSources/92-5-103217-3">92-5-103217-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28453-2">"<i>Bactris gasipaes</i> Kunth"</a>. <i>Plants of the World Online</i>. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Routledge. p. 93. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0415927463" title="Special:BookSources/0415927463"><bdi>0415927463</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cultural+History+of+Plants&rft.pages=93&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0415927463&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=Charles+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABactris+gasipaes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzález-JaramilloBailon-MoscosoDuarte-CasarRomero-Benavides2022" class="citation journal cs1">González-Jaramillo, Nancy; Bailon-Moscoso, Natalia; Duarte-Casar, Rodrigo; Romero-Benavides, Juan Carlos (16 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695847">"Peach Palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth.): Ancestral Tropical Staple with Future Potential"</a>. <i>Plants</i>. <b>11</b> (22): 3134. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fplants11223134">10.3390/plants11223134</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695847">9695847</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36432863">36432863</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plants&rft.atitle=Peach+Palm+%28Bactris+gasipaes+Kunth.%29%3A+Ancestral+Tropical+Staple+with+Future+Potential&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=22&rft.pages=3134&rft.date=2022-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9695847%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36432863&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fplants11223134&rft.aulast=Gonz%C3%A1lez-Jaramillo&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.au=Bailon-Moscoso%2C+Natalia&rft.au=Duarte-Casar%2C+Rodrigo&rft.au=Romero-Benavides%2C+Juan+Carlos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9695847&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABactris+gasipaes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chacon, Thiago (2013). On Proto-Languages and Archaeological Cultures: pre-history and material culture in the Tukanoan Family. In <i>Revista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica</i>. Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 217-245.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bactris_gasipaes&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bactris_gasipaes" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bactris gasipaes">Bactris gasipaes</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/peach_palm" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:peach palm">peach palm</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Bactris gasipaes">Bactris gasipaes</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchultes1974" class="citation journal cs1">Schultes, R. E. (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wlbcenter.org/Schultes%20Publications/Principes%2018%203-21%201974.pdf">"Palms and religion in the northwest Amazon"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Principes</i>. <b>18</b> (1): 3–21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Principes&rft.atitle=Palms+and+religion+in+the+northwest+Amazon&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=3-21&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Schultes&rft.aufirst=R.+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwlbcenter.org%2FSchultes%2520Publications%2FPrincipes%252018%25203-21%25201974.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABactris+gasipaes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Bactris_gasipaes.html"><i>Bactris gasipaes</i> H.B.K.</a> In: Duke, J. A. <i>Handbook of Energy Crops.</i> 1983.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Bactris gasipaes</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q790172" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q790172">Q790172</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bactris_gasipaes" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Bactris gasipaes">Bactris gasipaes</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id196752">196752</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=371280">371280</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/5VZXW">5VZXW</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecocrop" title="Ecocrop">Ecocrop</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecocrop.review.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=2307">2307</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/1130861">1130861</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/BCTGA">BCTGA</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242429867">242429867</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2733060">2733060</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=418541">418541</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/85315">85315</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/28453-2">28453-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11155061">11155061</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=506706">506706</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=154467">154467</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=780750">780750</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_for_a_Future" title="Plants for a Future">PfaF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Bactris+gasipaes">Bactris gasipaes</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-18855">kew-18855</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/BAGA2">BAGA2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A28453-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28453-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/2400230">2400230</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000307252">wfo-0000307252</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> 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