CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <script src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" data-document-language="true" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="31039219-1d97-4549-9551-dbd0a9b33f9e" tb-donotmove></script> <script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/templates/mdb_2018/images/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/images/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/images/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/templates/mdb_2018/images/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/templates/mdb_2018/images/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#dc643b"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit.fontawesome.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit-pro.fontawesome.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagservices.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://olytics.omeda.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://px.ads.linkedin.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://snap.licdn.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://agent.extrawatch.com"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="/templates/mdb_2018/css/template.min.css?t=1732180729" integrity="sha512-nff3aWZDIDxg0tWNzmHpVJBIYzeNKxD4MoBEEkbkMiS5E+xdfuInyttVoJSbSWn5clseSEQrzufa8Bl8rXvN9A==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/cloudinary-core/2.13.1/cloudinary-core-shrinkwrap.min.js" integrity="sha512-stp48jOOmT4TXnB4bMJ0rlcR7XagE92cqr7pEb+oFQox6qNSyKiN31GajDsg5VVn+HgM5mhOZinSRXowsRmgPg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://kit.fontawesome.com/e04325f501.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js" integrity="sha512-JRlcvSZAXT8+5SQQAvklXGJuxXTouyq8oIMaYERZQasB8SBDHZaUbeASsJWpk0UUrf89DP3/aefPPrlMR1h1yQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/lazysizes.min.js" integrity="sha512-q583ppKrCRc7N5O0n2nzUiJ+suUv7Et1JGels4bXOaMFQcamPk9HjdUknZuuFjBNs7tsMuadge5k9RzdmO+1GQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/plugins/print/ls.print.min.js" integrity="sha512-tY3D/iSWSdQE2NSLW/mRWQd/bvHAGjyCLRwSd23sqNbbgVnUaah2t+ZpX7hdBOskZ7PqYvwe4E+qxNARGojJGQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha512-v2CJ7UaYy4JwqLDIrZUI/4hqeoQieOmAZNXBeQyjo21dadnwR+8ZaIJVT8EE2iyI61OV8e6M8PP2/4hpQINQ/g==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap/5.2.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha512-i9cEfJwUwViEPFKdC1enz4ZRGBj8YQo6QByFTF92YXHi7waCqyexvRD75S5NVTsSiTv7rKWqG9Y5eFxmRsOn0A==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/limonte-sweetalert2/11.14.5/sweetalert2.all.min.js" integrity="sha512-m4zOGknNg3h+mK09EizkXi9Nf7B3zwsN9ow+YkYIPZoA6iX2vSzLezg4FnW0Q6Z1CPaJdwgUFQ3WSAUC4E/5Hg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" integrity="sha512-g2SduJKxa4Lbn3GW+Q7rNz+pKP9AWMR++Ta8fgwsZRCUsawjPvF/BxSMkGS61VsR9yinGoEgrHPGPn2mrj8+4w==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/js/bootstrap-select.min.js" integrity="sha512-yrOmjPdp8qH8hgLfWpSFhC/+R9Cj9USL8uJxYIveJZGAiedxyIxwNw4RsLDlcjNlIRR4kkHaDHSmNHAkxFTmgg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="pubdate" content="20241024"> <meta name="keywords" content="Medical,Connectivity,Cybersecurity,Electronics & Computers,Software,"> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow"> <meta name="author" content="SAE Media Group"> <meta value="twitter:site" content="@TechBriefsMag"> <meta property="og:description" content=" Credit: Brian/AdobeStock October is national cybersecurity month, and it is more important than ever to address ever-increasing cyber threats healthcare systems and devices. When was the term cybersecurity coined, and who deployed the first virus?"> <meta property="og:image" content="http://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1729749652/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51880/20240927-trivia_276246607_primary-feature-item.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1729749652/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51880/20240927-trivia_276246607_primary-feature-item.jpg"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51880-trivia-103024"> <meta property="og:title" content="Cybersecurity"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2024-10-24 04:02:44"> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-24 04:02:44"> <meta property="article:publisher" content="SAE Media Group"> <meta name="description" content=" Credit: Brian/AdobeStock October is national cybersecurity month, and it is more important than ever to address ever-increasing cyber threats healthcare systems and devices. When was the term cybersecurity coined, and who deployed the first virus?"> <title>Cybersecurity - Medical Design Briefs</title> <link href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51880-trivia-103024" rel="canonical"> <style> /*! inlined from /media/plg_content_ntb_tagsbot/css/template.min.css by ntb_minifier */ .ntb_tagsbot .taglist { font-style: italic; margin-top: 10px } .ntb_tagsbot .tagmenus { background: #FFE; border: 1px dashed #DDD; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px } .ntb_tagsbot .clusterlist { font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 10px; } .ntb_cluster_div { display: none; } .tagmenus div:first-of-type { font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 10px; } /* end /media/plg_content_ntb_tagsbot/css/template.min.css */ </style> <link href="/plugins/content/jw_disqus/jw_disqus/tmpl/css/template.min.css?v=3.7.0" rel="stylesheet" /> <style>/** * Critical CSS created by criticalcss.com * file: /css/critical/article-default.css' * createdAt : 2024-11-21T09:21:33.000Z * resultStatus : GOOD * originalSize : 299364 * size : 0 * validationStatus : GOOD */ @charset "UTF-8";#startOfPage{visibility:hidden}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6uyw4BMUTPHjx4wWw.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh6UVSwiPHA.ttf) format('truetype')}:root{--bs-blue:#0d6efd;--bs-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-purple:#6f42c1;--bs-pink:#d63384;--bs-red:#dc3545;--bs-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-green:#198754;--bs-teal:#20c997;--bs-cyan:#0dcaf0;--bs-black:#000;--bs-white:#fff;--bs-gray:#6c757d;--bs-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-gray-100:#f8f9fa;--bs-gray-200:#e9ecef;--bs-gray-300:#dee2e6;--bs-gray-400:#ced4da;--bs-gray-500:#adb5bd;--bs-gray-600:#6c757d;--bs-gray-700:#495057;--bs-gray-800:#343a40;--bs-gray-900:#212529;--bs-primary:#324a98;--bs-secondary:#6c757d;--bs-success:#198754;--bs-info:#0dcaf0;--bs-warning:#ffc107;--bs-danger:#e60000;--bs-light:#f8f9fa;--bs-dark:#212529;--bs-inverse:#fff;--bs-navbar:#dadcde;--bs-navitem:#fff;--bs-lightgray:#e9ecef;--bs-color-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-color-cyan:#0dcaf0;--bs-color-blue:#0d6efd;--bs-color-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-color-red:#dc3545;--bs-color-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-color-teal:#20c997;--bs-color-green:#198754;--bs-color-pink:#d63384;--bs-color-black:#000;--bs-color-white:#fff;--bs-color-gray:#6c757d;--bs-color-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-cache:#6610f2;--bs-notice:#0dcaf0;--bs-topic:#bd3911;--bs-advertising:#ffc107;--bs-primary-rgb:50,74,152;--bs-secondary-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-success-rgb:25,135,84;--bs-info-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-warning-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-danger-rgb:230,0,0;--bs-light-rgb:248,249,250;--bs-dark-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-inverse-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-navbar-rgb:218,220,222;--bs-navitem-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-lightgray-rgb:233,236,239;--bs-color-indigo-rgb:102,16,242;--bs-color-cyan-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-color-blue-rgb:13,110,253;--bs-color-orange-rgb:253,126,20;--bs-color-red-rgb:220,53,69;--bs-color-yellow-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-color-teal-rgb:32,201,151;--bs-color-green-rgb:25,135,84;--bs-color-pink-rgb:214,51,132;--bs-color-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-color-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-color-gray-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-color-gray-dark-rgb:52,58,64;--bs-cache-rgb:102,16,242;--bs-notice-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-topic-rgb:189,57,17;--bs-advertising-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-body-color-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-body-bg-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-font-sans-serif:"Lato",sans-serif;--bs-font-monospace:SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,"Liberation Mono","Courier New",monospace;--bs-gradient:linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0));--bs-body-font-family:Lucida Bright,Lucidabright,Lucida Serif,Lucida,Palatino,Times New Roman,Times,serif;--bs-body-font-size:1rem;--bs-body-font-weight:400;--bs-body-line-height:1.5;--bs-body-color:#212529;--bs-body-bg:#fff;--bs-border-width:1px;--bs-border-style:solid;--bs-border-color:#ced4da;--bs-border-color-translucent:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.175);--bs-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-border-radius-sm:0.25rem;--bs-border-radius-lg:0.5rem;--bs-border-radius-xl:1rem;--bs-border-radius-2xl:2rem;--bs-border-radius-pill:50rem;--bs-link-color:#bd3911;--bs-link-hover-color:rgb(151.2, 45.6, 13.6);--bs-code-color:#d63384;--bs-highlight-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4)}*,::after,::before{box-sizing:border-box}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){:root{scroll-behavior:smooth}}body{margin:0;font-family:var(--bs-body-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-body-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-body-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-body-line-height);color:var(--bs-body-color);text-align:var(--bs-body-text-align);background-color:var(--bs-body-bg);-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;padding-top:150px}hr{margin:1rem 0;color:inherit;border:0;border-top:1px solid #6c757d;opacity:.25}h1,h2,h4,h5,h6{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;color:#bd3911}h1,h2{font-size:calc(1.325rem + .9vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h1,h2{font-size:2rem}}h4{font-size:calc(1.275rem + .3vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h4{font-size:1.5rem}}h5{font-size:1.25rem}h6{font-size:1rem}p{margin-top:0}ol,ul{padding-left:2rem;margin-top:0}ol,p,ul{margin-bottom:1rem}figure{margin:0 0 1rem}a{color:var(--bs-link-color);text-decoration:none}a:not([href]):not([class]){color:inherit;text-decoration:none}img{vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto}label{display:inline-block}button{border-radius:0;text-transform:none;margin:0;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}input{margin:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}[type=button],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border-style:none}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper,::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute,::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-text,::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding:0}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-color-swatch-wrapper{padding:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;-webkit-appearance:button}iframe{border:0}.container,.container-fluid{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;width:100%;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media (min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media (min-width:768px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media (min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1140px}}@media (min-width:1400px){.container{max-width:1320px}}.row{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:calc(-1*var(--bs-gutter-y));margin-right:calc(-.5*var(--bs-gutter-x));margin-left:calc(-.5*var(--bs-gutter-x))}.row>*{flex-shrink:0;width:100%;max-width:100%;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);margin-top:var(--bs-gutter-y)}.col{flex:1 0 0%}.row-cols-1>*{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}.col-2,.col-3{flex:0 0 auto;width:16.66666667%}.col-3{width:25%}.col-8,.col-9{flex:0 0 auto;width:66.66666667%}.col-9{width:75%}.col-10{flex:0 0 auto;width:83.33333333%}.col-12,article .auto-half-width{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}.g-0{--bs-gutter-x:0;--bs-gutter-y:0}.g-1{--bs-gutter-x:0.25rem;--bs-gutter-y:0.25rem}@media (min-width:576px){article .auto-half-width{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}}@media (min-width:768px){.col-md-1{flex:0 0 auto;width:8.33333333%}.col-md-5{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-md-7{flex:0 0 auto;width:58.33333333%}.col-md-11{flex:0 0 auto;width:91.66666667%}}@media (min-width:992px){.row-cols-lg-2>*{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}.col-lg-4{flex:0 0 auto;width:33.33333333%}.col-lg-8{flex:0 0 auto;width:66.66666667%}}.form-control{display:block;width:100%;padding:.375rem .75rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;color:#212529;background-color:#fff;background-clip:padding-box;border:1px solid #ced4da;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;border-radius:.375rem;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.075)}.form-control::-webkit-date-and-time-value{height:1.5em}.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-floating{position:relative}.form-floating>.form-control{height:calc(3.5rem + 2px);line-height:1.25;padding:1rem .75rem}.form-floating>label{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;padding:1rem .75rem;overflow:hidden;text-align:start;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;border:1px solid transparent;transform-origin:0 0}.form-floating>.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:transparent}.form-floating>.form-control:-webkit-autofill{padding-top:1.625rem;padding-bottom:.625rem}.form-floating>.form-control:-webkit-autofill~label{opacity:.65;transform:scale(.85) translateY(-.5rem) translateX(.15rem)}.input-group{position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:stretch;width:100%}.input-group>.form-floating{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;width:1%;min-width:0}.input-group .btn{position:relative;z-index:2}.input-group:not(.has-validation)>.form-floating:not(:last-child)>.form-control{border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}.input-group>:not(:first-child):not(.dropdown-menu):not(.valid-tooltip):not(.valid-feedback):not(.invalid-tooltip):not(.invalid-feedback){margin-left:-1px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.btn{color:var(--bs-btn-color);background-color:var(--bs-btn-bg);--bs-btn-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-btn-padding-y:0.375rem;--bs-btn-font-size:1rem;--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-line-height:1.5;--bs-btn-color:#212529;--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-width:1px;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15),0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);--bs-btn-disabled-opacity:0.65;--bs-btn-focus-box-shadow:0 0 0 0.25rem rgba(var(--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb), .5);display:inline-block;padding:var(--bs-btn-padding-y) var(--bs-btn-padding-x);font-family:var(--bs-btn-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-btn-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-btn-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-btn-line-height);text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:var(--bs-btn-border-width) solid var(--bs-btn-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-btn-border-radius);background-image:var(--bs-gradient);box-shadow:var(--bs-btn-box-shadow)}.btn-primary{--bs-btn-bg:#324a98;--bs-btn-border-color:#324a98;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(42.5, 62.9, 129.2);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(40, 59.2, 121.6);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:81,101,167;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(40, 59.2, 121.6);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(37.5, 55.5, 114);--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#324a98;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#324a98}.btn-primary,.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-color:#fff;--bs-btn-hover-color:#fff;--bs-btn-active-color:#fff;--bs-btn-active-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);--bs-btn-disabled-color:#fff}.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-border-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(91.8, 99.45, 106.25);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:130,138,145;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(81, 87.75, 93.75);--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#6c757d}.btn-link{--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-active-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-active-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-disabled-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:none;--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:199,87,53;text-decoration:none;background-image:none}.btn-sm{--bs-btn-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-btn-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-btn-font-size:0.875rem;--bs-btn-border-radius:0.25rem}.fade:not(.show){opacity:0}.collapse:not(.show){display:none}.nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:#6c757d;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.nav-link{display:block;padding:var(--bs-nav-link-padding-y) var(--bs-nav-link-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-nav-link-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-nav-link-font-weight);color:var(--bs-nav-link-color)}.nav-fill .nav-item{flex:1 1 auto;text-align:center}.nav-fill .nav-item .nav-link{width:100%}.navbar{--bs-navbar-padding-x:0;--bs-navbar-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);--bs-navbar-hover-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);--bs-navbar-active-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end:1rem;--bs-navbar-brand-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%280, 0, 0, 0.55%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-focus-width:0.25rem;position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-navbar-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-padding-x);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.navbar>.container,.navbar>.container-fluid{display:flex;flex-wrap:inherit;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}.navbar-brand{padding-top:var(--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y);padding-bottom:var(--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y);margin-right:var(--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end);font-size:var(--bs-navbar-brand-font-size);color:var(--bs-navbar-brand-color);white-space:nowrap}.navbar-nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-navbar-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-navbar-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:var(--bs-navbar-disabled-color);display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.navbar-collapse{flex-basis:100%;flex-grow:1;align-items:center}.navbar-toggler{padding:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size);line-height:1;color:var(--bs-navbar-color);background-color:transparent;border:var(--bs-border-width) solid var(--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius)}@media (min-width:576px){.navbar-expand-sm{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav{flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x);padding-left:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x)}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-collapse{display:flex!important;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-toggler{display:none}}body:before{display:none}.navbar-dark{--bs-navbar-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-hover-color:#4d4d4f;--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);--bs-navbar-active-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-brand-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:transparent;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:none}.card{--bs-card-spacer-y:1rem;--bs-card-spacer-x:1rem;--bs-card-title-spacer-y:0.5rem;--bs-card-border-width:1px;--bs-card-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-card-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-card-inner-border-radius:calc(0.375rem - 1px);--bs-card-cap-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-card-cap-padding-x:1rem;--bs-card-cap-bg:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);--bs-card-bg:#f8f9fa;--bs-card-img-overlay-padding:1rem;--bs-card-group-margin:0.75rem;position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0;height:var(--bs-card-height);word-wrap:break-word;background-color:var(--bs-card-bg);background-clip:border-box;border:var(--bs-card-border-width) solid var(--bs-card-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-card-border-radius);box-shadow:var(--bs-card-box-shadow)}.card-body{flex:1 1 auto;padding:var(--bs-card-spacer-y) var(--bs-card-spacer-x);color:var(--bs-card-color)}.breadcrumb{display:flex;list-style:none;--bs-breadcrumb-padding-x:0;--bs-breadcrumb-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-breadcrumb-margin-bottom:0;--bs-breadcrumb-font-size:0.75rem;--bs-breadcrumb-bg:transparent;--bs-breadcrumb-divider-color:#6c757d;--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-breadcrumb-item-active-color:#6c757d;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:var(--bs-breadcrumb-padding-y) var(--bs-breadcrumb-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-breadcrumb-margin-bottom);font-size:var(--bs-breadcrumb-font-size);background-color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-bg);border-radius:var(--bs-breadcrumb-border-radius)}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item{padding-left:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x)}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item::before{float:left;padding-right:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x);color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-divider-color);content:var(--bs-breadcrumb-divider, "|")}.breadcrumb-item.active{color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-active-color)}.alert{--bs-alert-bg:transparent;--bs-alert-padding-x:1rem;--bs-alert-padding-y:1rem;--bs-alert-margin-bottom:1rem;--bs-alert-color:inherit;--bs-alert-border-color:transparent;--bs-alert-border:1px solid var(--bs-alert-border-color);--bs-alert-border-radius:0.375rem;position:relative;padding:var(--bs-alert-padding-y) var(--bs-alert-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-alert-margin-bottom);color:var(--bs-alert-color);background-color:var(--bs-alert-bg);border:var(--bs-alert-border);border-radius:var(--bs-alert-border-radius)}.alert-heading{color:inherit}.alert-link{font-weight:700}.alert-dismissible{padding-right:3rem}.alert-dismissible .btn-close{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:2;padding:1.25rem 1rem}.alert-primary,.alert-secondary{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-primary{--bs-alert-color:rgb(30, 44.4, 91.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(214, 218.8, 234.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(193.5, 200.7, 224.1)}.alert-primary .alert-link{color:#182449}.alert-secondary{--bs-alert-color:rgb(64.8, 70.2, 75);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(225.6, 227.4, 229);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(210.9, 213.6, 216)}.alert-secondary .alert-link{color:#34383c}.alert-native,.alert-success,.alert-validation{--bs-alert-color:rgb(15, 81, 50.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(209, 231, 220.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(186, 219, 203.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-native .alert-link,.alert-success .alert-link,.alert-validation .alert-link{color:#0c4128}.alert-info,.alert-warning{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-info{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5)}.alert-info .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-warning{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-warning .alert-link{color:#523e02}.alert-danger,.alert-error{--bs-alert-color:#8a0000;--bs-alert-bg:#facccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(247.5, 178.5, 178.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-danger .alert-link,.alert-error .alert-link{color:#6e0000}.alert-light{--bs-alert-color:rgb(99.2, 99.6, 100);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(253.6, 253.8, 254);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(252.9, 253.2, 253.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-light .alert-link{color:#4f5050}.alert-cleanup,.alert-dark{--bs-alert-color:rgb(19.8, 22.2, 24.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(210.6, 211.4, 212.2);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(188.4, 189.6, 190.8);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cleanup .alert-link,.alert-dark .alert-link{color:#101214}.alert-inverse{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white}.alert-inverse .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-inverse,.alert-navbar,.alert-navitem{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-navbar{--bs-alert-color:rgb(87.2, 88, 88.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(247.6, 248, 248.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(243.9, 244.5, 245.1)}.alert-navbar .alert-link{color:#464647}.alert-navitem{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white}.alert-navitem .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-lightgray{--bs-alert-color:rgb(93.2, 94.4, 95.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(250.6, 251.2, 251.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(248.4, 249.3, 250.2)}.alert-lightgray .alert-link{color:#4b4c4c}.alert-color-indigo,.alert-lightgray{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-advertising,.alert-color-indigo{--bs-alert-color:rgb(61.2, 9.6, 145.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(224.4, 207.2, 252.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(209.1, 183.3, 251.1)}.alert-color-indigo .alert-link{color:#310874}.alert-color-cyan{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-cyan .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-color-blue,.alert-criticalcss{--bs-alert-color:rgb(7.8, 66, 151.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 226, 254.6);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 211.5, 254.4);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-blue .alert-link,.alert-criticalcss .alert-link{color:#063579}.alert-color-orange{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cache,.alert-color-orange{--bs-alert-color:rgb(151.8, 75.6, 12);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(254.6, 229.2, 208);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(254.4, 216.3, 184.5)}.alert-color-orange .alert-link{color:#793c0a}.alert-color-red{--bs-alert-color:rgb(132, 31.8, 41.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(248, 214.6, 217.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(244.5, 194.4, 199.2);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-red .alert-link{color:#6a1921}.alert-cdnjs,.alert-color-yellow{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-cdnjs .alert-link,.alert-color-yellow .alert-link{color:#523e02}.alert-cdnjs,.alert-color-teal,.alert-color-yellow{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-teal,.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:rgb(19.2, 120.6, 90.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(210.4, 244.2, 234.2);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(188.1, 238.8, 223.8)}.alert-color-teal .alert-link{color:#0f6048}.alert-color-green{--bs-alert-color:rgb(15, 81, 50.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(209, 231, 220.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(186, 219, 203.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-green .alert-link{color:#0c4128}.alert-cloudinary,.alert-color-pink{--bs-alert-color:rgb(128.4, 30.6, 79.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(246.8, 214.2, 230.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(242.7, 193.8, 218.1);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cloudinary .alert-link,.alert-color-pink .alert-link{color:#67183f}.alert-color-black{--bs-alert-color:black;--bs-alert-bg:#cccccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(178.5, 178.5, 178.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-black .alert-link{color:#000}.alert-color-white{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white;background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-white .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-color-gray{--bs-alert-color:rgb(64.8, 70.2, 75);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(225.6, 227.4, 229);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(210.9, 213.6, 216);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-gray .alert-link{color:#34383c}.alert-color-gray-dark{--bs-alert-color:rgb(31.2, 34.8, 38.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(214.4, 215.6, 216.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(194.1, 195.9, 197.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-gray-dark .alert-link{color:#191c1f}.alert-cache{--bs-alert-color:rgb(61.2, 9.6, 145.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(224.4, 207.2, 252.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(209.1, 183.3, 251.1);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cache .alert-link{color:#310874}.alert-notice{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5)}.alert-notice .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-advertising,.alert-notice,.alert-topic{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:rgb(113.4, 34.2, 10.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(241.8, 215.4, 207.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(235.2, 195.6, 183.6)}.alert-topic .alert-link{color:#5b1b08}.alert-advertising{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-advertising .alert-link{color:#523e02}.list-group{--bs-list-group-color:#212529;--bs-list-group-bg:#fff;--bs-list-group-border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);--bs-list-group-border-width:1px;--bs-list-group-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-list-group-item-padding-x:1rem;--bs-list-group-item-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-list-group-action-color:#495057;--bs-list-group-action-hover-color:#495057;--bs-list-group-action-hover-bg:#f8f9fa;--bs-list-group-action-active-color:#212529;--bs-list-group-action-active-bg:#e9ecef;--bs-list-group-disabled-color:#6c757d;--bs-list-group-disabled-bg:#fff;--bs-list-group-active-color:#fff;--bs-list-group-active-bg:#bd3911;--bs-list-group-active-border-color:#bd3911;display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;border-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius)}.list-group-item{position:relative;display:block;padding:var(--bs-list-group-item-padding-y) var(--bs-list-group-item-padding-x);color:var(--bs-list-group-color);background-color:var(--bs-list-group-bg);border:var(--bs-list-group-border-width) solid var(--bs-list-group-border-color)}.list-group-item:first-child{border-top-left-radius:inherit;border-top-right-radius:inherit}.list-group-item:last-child{border-bottom-right-radius:inherit;border-bottom-left-radius:inherit}.list-group-item+.list-group-item{border-top-width:0}.btn-close{box-sizing:content-box;width:1em;height:1em;padding:.25em;color:#000;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='%23000'%3e%3cpath d='M.293.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L8 6.586 14.293.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414L9.414 8l6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414L8 9.414l-6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L6.586 8 .293 1.707a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") center/1em auto no-repeat;border:0;border-radius:.375rem;opacity:.5}.modal{--bs-modal-zindex:1055;--bs-modal-width:500px;--bs-modal-padding:1rem;--bs-modal-margin:0.5rem;--bs-modal-bg:#fff;--bs-modal-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-modal-border-width:1px;--bs-modal-border-radius:0.5rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);--bs-modal-inner-border-radius:calc(0.5rem - 1px);--bs-modal-header-padding-x:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding-y:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding:1rem 1rem;--bs-modal-header-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-header-border-width:1px;--bs-modal-title-line-height:1.5;--bs-modal-footer-gap:0.5rem;--bs-modal-footer-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-footer-border-width:1px;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;z-index:var(--bs-modal-zindex);display:none;width:100%;height:100%;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;outline:0}.modal-dialog{position:relative;width:auto;margin:var(--bs-modal-margin)}.modal.fade .modal-dialog{transform:translate(0,-50px)}.modal-content{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;width:100%;color:var(--bs-modal-color);background-color:var(--bs-modal-bg);background-clip:padding-box;border:var(--bs-modal-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-modal-border-radius);box-shadow:var(--bs-modal-box-shadow);outline:0}.modal-header{display:flex;flex-shrink:0;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-modal-header-padding);border-bottom:var(--bs-modal-header-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-header-border-color);border-top-left-radius:var(--bs-modal-inner-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-modal-inner-border-radius)}.modal-title{margin-bottom:0;line-height:var(--bs-modal-title-line-height)}.modal-body{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;padding:var(--bs-modal-padding)}@media (min-width:576px){.modal{--bs-modal-margin:1.75rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15)}.modal-dialog{max-width:var(--bs-modal-width);margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.modal-sm{--bs-modal-width:300px}}.offcanvas{--bs-offcanvas-zindex:1045;--bs-offcanvas-width:400px;--bs-offcanvas-height:30vh;--bs-offcanvas-padding-x:1rem;--bs-offcanvas-padding-y:1rem;--bs-offcanvas-bg:#fff;--bs-offcanvas-border-width:1px;--bs-offcanvas-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-offcanvas-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:var(--bs-offcanvas-zindex);display:flex;flex-direction:column;max-width:100%;color:var(--bs-offcanvas-color);visibility:hidden;background-color:var(--bs-offcanvas-bg);background-clip:padding-box;outline:0;box-shadow:var(--bs-offcanvas-box-shadow)}.offcanvas.offcanvas-start{top:0;left:0;width:var(--bs-offcanvas-width);border-right:var(--bs-offcanvas-border-width) solid var(--bs-offcanvas-border-color);transform:translateX(-100%)}.offcanvas-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y) var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x)}.offcanvas-header .btn-close{padding:calc(var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y)*.5) calc(var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x)*.5);margin-top:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y));margin-right:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x));margin-bottom:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y))}.offcanvas-title{margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.5}.offcanvas-body{flex-grow:1;padding:var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y) var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x);overflow-y:auto}.fixed-top{position:fixed;right:0;left:0;z-index:1030;top:0}.float-start,article .auto-half-width{float:left!important}.float-end{float:right!important}.d-inline-block{display:inline-block!important}.d-block{display:block!important}.d-none{display:none!important}.position-relative{position:relative!important}.border-0{border:0!important}.border-end-0{border-right:0!important}.border-bottom-0{border-bottom:0!important}.border-start-0{border-left:0!important}.border-primary{--bs-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-border-opacity))!important}.w-33{width:33.3333%!important}.w-50{width:50%!important}.w-75{width:75%!important}.w-100{width:100%!important}.h-100{height:100%!important}.flex-nowrap{flex-wrap:nowrap!important}.align-content-center{align-content:center!important}.m-0{margin:0!important}.mx-2{margin-right:.5rem!important;margin-left:.5rem!important}.mx-auto{margin-right:auto!important;margin-left:auto!important}.my-1,.navbar-side-item p{margin-top:.25rem!important;margin-bottom:.25rem!important}.my-2{margin-top:.5rem!important;margin-bottom:.5rem!important}.my-3{margin-top:1rem!important;margin-bottom:1rem!important}.mt-1{margin-top:.25rem!important}.mt-2{margin-top:.5rem!important}.mt-5{margin-top:3rem!important}.me-1{margin-right:.25rem!important}.me-2{margin-right:.5rem!important}.me-3{margin-right:1rem!important}.me-4{margin-right:1.5rem!important}.me-auto{margin-right:auto!important}.mb-0{margin-bottom:0!important}.mb-1{margin-bottom:.25rem!important}.mb-2,article .article-body>figure img{margin-bottom:.5rem!important}.mb-3,article .article-body>figure{margin-bottom:1rem!important}.mb-5{margin-bottom:3rem!important}.ms-0{margin-left:0!important}.ms-1{margin-left:.25rem!important}.ms-2{margin-left:.5rem!important}.ms-3{margin-left:1rem!important}.ms-auto{margin-left:auto!important}.p-0{padding:0!important}.p-1{padding:.25rem!important}.px-0{padding-right:0!important;padding-left:0!important}.py-0{padding-top:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.pt-0{padding-top:0!important}.pe-5{padding-right:3rem!important}.pb-0{padding-bottom:0!important}.pb-1{padding-bottom:.25rem!important}.navbar-side-item p,article .auto-half-width{padding-left:0!important}.ps-3{padding-left:1rem!important}.ps-5{padding-left:3rem!important}.fw-lighter{font-weight:lighter!important}.text-center,article .auto-half-width{text-align:center!important}.text-uppercase{text-transform:uppercase!important}.text-primary{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-dark{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-light-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important;color:rgba(var(--bs-dark-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-black{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-advertising-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important;color:rgba(var(--bs-black-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-muted{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:#6c757d!important}.text-reset{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:inherit!important}.bg-inverse,.bg-navbar{--bs-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgba(var(--bs-inverse-rgb),var(--bs-bg-opacity))!important}.bg-navbar{background-color:rgba(var(--bs-navbar-rgb),var(--bs-bg-opacity))!important}.rounded-0{border-radius:0!important}@media (min-width:576px){.d-sm-none{display:none!important}article .auto-half-width{margin-right:1rem!important;text-align:left!important}.ps-sm-0{padding-left:0!important}.form-inline .form-control{max-width:100%}}@media (min-width:768px){.d-md-block{display:block!important}.d-md-flex{display:flex!important}.d-md-none{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:992px){.d-lg-block{display:block!important}}@media (min-width:1200px){.d-xl-block{display:block!important}}h6 a{color:#bd3911}figure,form{font-family:Lato,sans-serif}[role=button]{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0}button{font-family:Lato,sans-serif!important}@media (max-width:767.98px){.list-group-horizontal-down-md{flex-direction:row}.list-group-horizontal-down-md>.list-group-item:first-child:not(:last-child){border-bottom-left-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:0}.list-group-horizontal-down-md>.list-group-item:last-child:not(:first-child){border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius);border-bottom-left-radius:0}.list-group-horizontal-down-md>.list-group-item+.list-group-item{border-top-width:var(--bs-list-group-border-width);border-left-width:0}.navbar{border-bottom:10px solid #dadcde}}.nav-link{font-size:16px;text-transform:uppercase}.nav-bottom .nav-link{font-size:11px;height:100%;letter-spacing:.1em}.nav-bottom li{border-left:1px solid #fff}.nav-bottom li:last-child{border-right:1px solid #fff}.navbar{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700}.navbar-brand img{max-width:none;max-height:65px}.navbar-side{padding:0;list-style:none}.navbar-side a{color:#212529}.navbar-side h6{color:#bd3911;text-transform:uppercase}.navbar-side h6 a{color:#bd3911}.navbar-side hr{border-color:#495057;margin-left:1rem}.navbar-side-item{padding-left:1rem}.menu-side-sections>div li:first-of-type,.navbar-side-item p:first-of-type{margin-top:1.25rem}.navbar-side-item a{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700}.navbar-toggler{padding:.75rem!important}.navbar-toggler-left{position:absolute}.card-img-left{border-bottom-left-radius:calc(.25rem - 1px);border-top-left-radius:calc(.25rem - 1px);float:left;max-height:100%;position:relative;width:100%;height:auto;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;background-size:cover}.breadcrumb{text-transform:uppercase;font-family:Lato,sans-serif}.alert{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:smaller}.alert-heading{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:1rem;font-weight:lighter}@media (min-width:576px){.container{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}.blur-up{filter:blur(3px)}html{scroll-padding-top:100px}.panel-heading h6:after{font-family:"Arial Black",Arial,sans-serif;content:"–";float:right;color:#4d4d4f;padding:0 5px;font-size:1.2rem}.panel-heading .collapsed h6:after{content:"+"}.tb-mediagroup{background-color:#fff;padding:5px 0;color:#000}.tb-mediagroup a{color:#000}.story-list a,.tb-mediagroup .panel-heading h6:after,footer nav a{color:#212529}@media (max-width:575.98px){.navbar-brand img{max-width:90%}body:before{content:"xs"}}@media (min-width:576px) and (max-width:767.98px){body:before{content:"sm"}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991.98px){body:before{content:"md"}}@media (min-width:992px) and (max-width:1199.98px){body:before{content:"lg"}}@media (min-width:1200px) and (max-width:1399.98px){#menu-top-hubs ul{width:1140px}body:before{content:"xl"}}[class^=ad-position]{max-width:1200px}@media (min-width:1400px){#menu-top-hubs ul{width:1320px}body:before{content:"xxl"}[class^=ad-position]{max-width:1400px;margin-right:auto!important;margin-left:auto!important}}.tb-byline{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700}.article-social{text-align:center}.article-social ul li{margin-right:1.5rem!important;padding:.5rem 0}@media (max-width:767.98px){body{padding-top:85px}.article-social{text-align:left}.article-social ul li{padding-top:0}}.article-social ul li a{color:#4d4d4f}.subhead,article .overline{font-weight:400}.printmessage{display:none}article .auto-half-width{clear:left}article .article-title h2{font-size:1.25rem}article .article-body>figure img{width:100%}article .related-content h6{font-size:.9rem}@media (min-width:576px){article .related-content h6{font-size:.7875rem}}article .related-content a{font-size:1rem;display:inline-block;line-height:1.4}@media (min-width:576px){article .related-content a{font-size:.875rem}}#mainstory h1{font-size:2rem}.section-overline{color:#bd3911}.overline,.section-overline{text-transform:uppercase;width:100%}.overline{color:#324a98;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-size:.75rem}.section-overline{border-top:4px solid #bd3911;padding-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:1rem;text-align:left}.story-list h4{border-top:4px solid #bd3911;padding-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;color:#bd3911}.story-list h6{font-size:.75rem;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:0}.story-list p{font-size:.875rem;border-bottom:1px solid #495057;padding-bottom:.5rem;line-height:1.2}.story-list p:last-of-type{border:0}.story-list img{width:80px;height:45px}.story-min-height{min-height:2.6rem}@media (max-width:991.98px){.story-min-height{min-height:1px}}.followus-link{color:#495057;text-decoration:none;font-size:1.5rem}.followus-link:after{display:inline-block;padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem;content:"|"}.followus-link:last-child:after{content:""} article .article-body .auto-half-width, article .article-body .half-width, article .article-body .auto-third-width, article .article-body .third-width { position: relative; width: 100%; padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; flex: 0 0 100%; max-width: 100%; text-align: center !important; clear: left; float: left !important; } article .article-body > figure.third-width img, article .article-body > img.third-width, article .article-body > figure.auto-third-width img, article .article-body > img.auto-third-width, article .article-body > figure.half-width img, article .article-body > img.half-width, article .article-body > figure.auto-half-width img, article .article-body > img.auto-half-width { margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important; } article .article-body > figure.third-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.auto-third-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.half-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.auto-half-width figcaption { padding-right: 3rem !important; padding-left: 3rem !important; } @media (min-width: 576px) { article .article-body > figure.third-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.auto-third-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.half-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.auto-half-width figcaption { padding-right: 0 !important; padding-left: 0 !important; } article .article-body .auto-third-width, article .article-body .third-width, article .article-body .auto-half-width, article .article-body .half-width { text-align: left !important; } article .article-body .auto-third-width, article .article-body .third-width { flex: 0 0 33.3333333333%; max-width: 33.3333333333%; } .article-body .auto-half-width, article .article-body .half-width { flex: 0 0 50%; max-width: 50%; } } </style> <script type="application/json" class="joomla-script-options new">{"system.paths":{"root":"","rootFull":"https:\/\/www.medicaldesignbriefs.com\/","base":"","baseFull":"https:\/\/www.medicaldesignbriefs.com\/"},"csrf.token":"e79d7fec1d2f8263bb06eeeec0d7c54c","system.keepalive":{"interval":3600000,"uri":"\/component\/ajax\/?format=json"}}</script> <script type="module"> /*! inlined from /media/system/js/keepalive.min.js by ntb_minifier */ /** * @copyright (C) 2018 Open Source Matters, Inc. <https://www.joomla.org> * @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt */ /** * Keepalive javascript behavior * * Used for keeping the session alive * * @package Joomla.JavaScript * @since 3.7.0 */ if (!window.Joomla) { throw new Error('Joomla API was not properly initialised'); } const keepAliveOptions = Joomla.getOptions('system.keepalive'); const keepAliveInterval = keepAliveOptions && keepAliveOptions.interval ? parseInt(keepAliveOptions.interval, 10) : 45 * 1000; let keepAliveUri = keepAliveOptions && keepAliveOptions.uri ? keepAliveOptions.uri.replace(/&/g, '&') : ''; // Fallback in case no keepalive uri was found. if (keepAliveUri === '') { const systemPaths = Joomla.getOptions('system.paths'); keepAliveUri = `${systemPaths ? `${systemPaths.root}/index.php` : window.location.pathname}?option=com_ajax&format=json`; } setInterval(() => fetch(keepAliveUri, { method: 'POST' }), keepAliveInterval); /* end /media/system/js/keepalive.min.js */ </script> <script type="module"> /*! inlined from /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail.min.js by ntb_minifier */ /** * @copyright (C) 2019 Open Source Matters, Inc. <https://www.joomla.org> * @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt */ window.customElements.define('joomla-hidden-mail', class extends HTMLElement { constructor() { super(); this.newElement = ''; this.base = ''; } /** * Lifecycle */ disconnectedCallback() { this.innerHTML = ''; } /** * Lifecycle */ connectedCallback() { this.base = `${this.getAttribute('base')}/`; if (this.getAttribute('is-link') === '1') { this.newElement = document.createElement('a'); this.newElement.setAttribute('href', `mailto:${this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('first'))}@${this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('last'))}`); // Get all of the original element attributes, and pass them to the link [].slice.call(this.attributes).forEach((attribute, index) => { const { nodeName } = this.attributes.item(index); if (nodeName) { // We do care for some attributes if (['is-link', 'is-email', 'first', 'last', 'text'].indexOf(nodeName) === -1) { const { nodeValue } = this.attributes.item(index); this.newElement.setAttribute(nodeName, nodeValue); } } }); } else { this.newElement = document.createElement('span'); } if (this.getAttribute('text')) { let innerStr = this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('text')); innerStr = innerStr.replace('src="images/', `src="${this.base}images/`).replace('src="media/', `src="${this.base}media/`); this.newElement.innerHTML = Joomla.sanitizeHtml(innerStr); } else { this.newElement.innerText = `${window.atob(this.getAttribute('first'))}@${window.atob(this.getAttribute('last'))}`; } // Remove class and style Attributes this.removeAttribute('class'); this.removeAttribute('style'); // Remove the noscript message this.innerText = ''; // Display the new element this.appendChild(this.newElement); } static b64DecodeUnicode(str) { return decodeURIComponent(Array.prototype.map.call(atob(str), c => `%${`00${c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)}`.slice(-2)}`).join('')); } }); /* end /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail.min.js */ </script> <script src="/plugins/content/econa/js/picturefill.min.js"></script> <script src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" async tb-donotmove></script> <script>// // GTM datalayer // window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; dataLayer.push({'navCluster' : "MDB"}); dataLayer.push({'navTag' : "Trivia"}); topicClusters = []; topicClusters.push("Connectivity"); topicClusters.push("Electronics & Computers"); topicClusters.push("Medical"); topicClusters.push("Software"); dataLayer.push({'topicClusters': topicClusters}); dataLayer.push({'canonicalURL': 'https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51880-trivia-103024'}); dataLayer.push({'articleID': '51880'}); </script> <noscript tb-donotmove> <img class="nolazyload" height="1" width="1" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=228022071752970&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/> </noscript>  <script tb-donotmove>(function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'}); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-MSN5FV9'); </script>  </head> <body>  <noscript tb-donotmove > <iframe src = "https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MSN5FV9" height = "0" width = "0" style = "display:none;visibility:hidden" ></iframe > </noscript >  <header class="header"> <div class="header-container container-fluid fixed-top p-0"> <nav class="header-nav navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark bg-inverse"> <div class="container-fluid"> <button class="hamburger navbar-toggler navbar-toggler-left d-sm-none d-block" type="button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" data-bs-target="#HamburgerSidebar" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-bars"></i> </button> <div id="hamburger-menu" class="navbar-collapse collapse d-md-block d-none"> <ul class="navbar-nav me-auto"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" href="#HamburgerSidebar" role="button" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-bars me-2"></i>Menu </a></li></ul></div> <a href="/" class="navbar-brand ps-sm-0 ps-5 mx-auto"> <img class="logolarge d-none d-md-block nolazyload" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/site-logo_tag.png" alt="Medical Design Briefs" height="65"/> <img class="logosmall d-md-none nolazyload" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/site-logo.png" alt="Medical Design Briefs"/> </a> <div id="newsmag-menu" class="navbar-collapse collapse"><ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto"> <li class="nav-item d-lg-block d-none"> <a class="nav-link" href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#cb-form">LOGIN</a></li> <li class="nav-item d-lg-block d-none"> <a class="nav-link" href="/account/registration">SIGN UP</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" id="search-side-button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" href="#HamburgerSidebar" role="button" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> </a></li></ul></div></div> </nav> <nav class="main-nav bg-navbar navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark main-nav nav-fill py-0"> <div class="main-nav-container container mx-auto px-0"><div id="menu-top-hubs"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav nav-bottom flex-nowrap d-md-flex d-none mx-auto"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing">Materials & Manufacturing</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/design-testing">Design & Testing</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables">Sensors & Wearables</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software">Electronics & Software</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation">Robotics & Automation</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity">IoMT & Connectivity</a></li></ul></div></div> <div aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" style="position: relative"> <div id="toast_container" style="position: absolute; top: 40px; right: 5px; z-index: 10"></div></div> </nav></div><div class="offcanvas offcanvas-start" tabindex="-1" id="HamburgerSidebar" aria-labelledby="HamburgerSidebarLabel"> <div class="offcanvas-header"> <h5 class="offcanvas-title" id="HamburgerSidebarLabel"></h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close text-reset" data-bs-dismiss="offcanvas" aria-label="Close"></button></div> <div class="offcanvas-body px-0 pt-0"> <div class="search-container w-100 ps-3"><form id="searchform" action="/mdb/search" method="get"> <div class="input-group pe-5"> <div class="form-floating"> <input type="text" name="query" placeholder="Search" id="searchbox" class="form-control" value=""> <label for="searchbox">Search</label></div> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" onclick="$('#searchform').submit()"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> </button></div></form></div> <ul class="navbar-side nav-bar"><div class="menu-side-sections row me-1"> <div class="navbar-side-item col-12"> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/">Home</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/techbriefs">Tech Briefs</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/tv/medical">Tech Briefs TV</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/webcasts">Webinars</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/webcasts/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/whitepapers">White Papers</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/markets">Markets</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/features">Features</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/blog">Medical Blog</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories">Stories</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/trivia">Trivia Questions</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/events">Events</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/sponsored/ask-the-expert">Ask the Expert</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/quiz">Quizzes</a></li></div></div><div id="sidebar-accordion" class="navbar-side-item" role="tablist" aria-multiselectable="true"><div id="menu-side-hubs"> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing">Materials & Manufacturing</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1446" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1446" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1446"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1446" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1446"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/manufacturing-prototyping">Manufacturing & Prototyping</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/custom-contract-manufacturing">Custom & Contract Manufacturing</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/materials-adhesives-coatings">Materials, Adhesives & Coatings</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/tubing-extrusion">Tubing/Extrusion</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing">Design & Testing</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1447" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1447" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1447"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1447" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1447"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/testing">Testing</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/design-engineering">Design/Engineering</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/packaging-sterilization">Packaging/Sterilization</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/fda-regulatory">FDA/Regulatory</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/markets">Markets</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables">Sensors & Wearables</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1448" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1448" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1448"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1448" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1448"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables/sensors">Sensors</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables/wearables">Wearables</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software">Electronics & Software</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1533" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1533" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1533"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1533" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1533"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/electronics">Electronics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/software">Software</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/optics-photonics">Optics/Photonics</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation">Robotics & Automation</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1449" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1449" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1449"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1449" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1449"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/robotics">Robotics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/automation-controls">Automation & Controls</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/mechanical-components">Mechanical Components</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity">IoMT & Connectivity</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1451" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1451" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1451"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1451" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1451"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/iomt-iot">IoMT/IoT</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/connectivity">Connectivity</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/ar-ai">AR/AI</a></p></div></div></div></div><div class="menu-side-explore row mt-2 me-1 tb-mediagroup"> <div class="explore-title col-10 navbar-side-item"> <h6 class="my-2">Explore SAE Media Group</h6></div> <div id="explore-heading" class="col-2 navbar-side-item panel-heading" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed mt-1" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#explore-collapse" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="explore-collapse"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="explore-collapse" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="explore-heading"> <div class="explore-wrapper col-12"> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/">Tech Briefs</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/">Mobility Engineering Technology</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://createthefuturecontest.com">Create the Future Design Contest</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/tb/spinoff">NASA Spinoffs</a></li></div></div></div><div class="col-12 px-0"> <li class="me-3"> <p><a href="/component/content/article/52067-doc-9517" class="side-link w-75"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_400,f_auto,q_auto/v1730735058/sites/mdb/covers/MDB-2024-11.jpg' class='w-50 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Magazine cover' /></a></p> <p><a href="/component/content/article/52067-doc-9517" class="side-link text-uppercase">Current Issue</a></p></li> <li> <p><a href="/mdb/magazine/archives" class="side-link text-uppercase">Magazine Archives</a></p></li> <li> <p> <a href="https://tbm.dragonforms.com/loading.do?omedasite=MDBland" target="_km"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm"> SUBSCRIBE <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></p></li></div><div class="menu-side-followus mb-5"> <hr class="ms-0 me-4 my-1"> <div class="followus-wrapper my-3"> <div class="title-wrapper"> <h6 class="mb-0">FOLLOW US</h6></div> <div class="menu-wrapper"> <p class="text-primary"> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=facebook&username=MedicalDesignBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=twitter&username=MedicalBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=linkedin_company&username=sae-media-group" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=instagram&username=mdbmagazine" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-instagram"></i></a></p></div></div></div></div></ul></div></div></header> <section id="print-only-message" class="printmessage"> <h6><img data-src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/print-logo_tag.png" class="printlogo lazyload"/></h6> </section> <span itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <meta itemprop="name" content="SAE Media Group"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com"/> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com/templates/tbmg/images/tbmg_logo.png"/> <meta itemprop="width" content="210"/> <meta itemprop="height" content="50"/> </span> </span><div class="container"><nav aria-label="breadcrumb"> <ol itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <a itemprop="item" href="/"><span itemprop="name">Home</span></a> <meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <a itemprop="item" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/medical/*/mdb/*"><span itemprop="name">Medical</span></a> <meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page"> <span> Article</span></li></ol> </nav><div id="system-message-container"></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1800x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1800x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1800,450]],div_id:'GAM_pos_11_modid_389',target_pos:'11',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_11_modid_389' class=""></div></div></div><section id="content" class="row my-3"> <section id="mainstory" class="left-column col-lg-8 col-md-7 col-12"> <div><article class="item-page" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <meta itemprop="inLanguage" content="en-GB"/> <div class="row"> <div class="article-title col-12 mb-2"><h6 class="overline"> <time datetime="2024-10-24T00:01:27-04:00" itemprop="dateCreated"> October 24, 2024</time> <span class="mx-2">|</span> <a href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/medical/*/mdb/*">Medical</a> <span class="mx-2">|</span> <a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/connectivity">Connectivity</a> <span class="mx-2">|</span> <a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/electronics">Electronics & Computers</a> <span class="mx-2">|</span> <a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/software">Software</a></h6> <time datetime="2024-10-24T00:02:44-04:00" itemprop="dateModified"> </time> <meta itemprop="keywords" content="Connectivity,Electronics & Computers,Software"><h1 itemprop="headline">Cybersecurity</h1></div></div> <div class="row" itemprop="articleBody"><aside class="article-social text-center col-md-1 col-12"> <ul class="list-group list-group-horizontal-down-md"> <li class="d-block list-group-item border-0"> <a href="https://www.shareaholic.com/api/share/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&apitype=1&v=1&service=facebook&link=https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51880-trivia-103024&title=Cybersecurity" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook fa-lg"></i></a></li> <li class="d-block list-group-item border-0"> <a href="https://www.shareaholic.com/api/share/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&apitype=1&v=1&service=twitter&link=https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51880-trivia-103024&title=Cybersecurity" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter fa-lg"></i></a></li> <li class="d-block list-group-item border-0"> <a href="https://www.shareaholic.com/api/share/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&apitype=1&v=1&service=linkedin&link=https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51880-trivia-103024&title=Cybersecurity" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin fa-lg"></i></a></li> <li class="d-block list-group-item border-0"> <a href="#" onclick="$('html, body').animate({scrollTop:($('#disqus_thread').offset().top)},500);"> <i class="fa fa-comment-alt fa-lg"></i> </a></li></ul> </aside><div class="article-body col-md-11 col-12"><span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"> <meta itemprop="name" content="Tech Briefs"> </span><a id="startOfPage"></a> <figure><img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_auto,f_auto,q_auto/v1729749560/sites/mdb/articles/2024/trivia/20241030-trivia_1024052936.jpg' class=' w-100 cld-responsive' alt='' alt="" /> <figcaption>Credit: Brian/AdobeStock</figcaption></figure> <p>October is national cybersecurity month, and it is more important than ever to address ever-increasing cyber threats healthcare systems and devices. When was the term <em>cybersecurity</em> coined, and who deployed the first virus?</p><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_421',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_421' class=""></div></div></div><p><a class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="collapse" href="#collapseAnswer" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseAnswer">SHOW ME THE ANSWER</a></p> <div class="collapse" id="collapseAnswer"> <div class="card card-body"><p>1971 and Bob Thomas. It is thought to have started in 1971 when Bob Thomas, a computer programmer, created and deployed a virus that served as a security test. It was not malicious but did highlight areas of vulnerability and security flaws in what would become “the internet.” <em>Source: <a href="https://www.monroe.edu" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.monroe.edu <i class="fad fa-external-link fa-sm"></i></a> </em></p></div></div> <hr class="border-0"> <div class="card my-3 rounded-0" > <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-lg-5 col-12"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_400,f_auto,q_auto/v1691481893/sites/mdb/covers/mdb-esource-image.jpg' class='card-img-left lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Magazine cover' /></div> <div class="col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text">The Medical Design Briefs trivia questions first appear in the Medical Design Briefs e-Source newsletter. If you would like to be among the first to see the latest question, click the subscribe button below.</p> <p class="card-text"> Read more from the trivia archives <a href="/mdb/stories/trivia">here</a>.</p> <p class="card-text"> <a href="https://tbm.dragonforms.com/MDBnewsletters"><button type="button" class="btn btn-primary "> SUBSCRIBE </button></a></p></div></div></div></div> <hr> <div class="ntb_tagsbot"> <div class="taglist"> <strong class="sans-serif text-small">Topics:</strong><br> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/connectivity/cybersecurity/mdb/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-circle-nodes"></i> Cybersecurity</a> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/electronics_computers/electronics_computers/mdb/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-computer"></i> Electronics & Computers</a> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/medical/medical/mdb/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-book-medical"></i> Medical</a> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/software/software/mdb/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-code"></i> Software</a></div></div> <div class="related-content"> <hr> <h4>More From SAE Media Group</h4> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-lg-2 g-1"> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/24332-uv-specialty-hybrid-adhesives?r=51880">UV Specialty Hybrid Adhesives</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1481549104/sites/mdb/articles/2016/products/61059-169_fig1.png' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs INSIDER</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/29479-hear-how-nxstage-ceo-jeffrey-burbank-found-entrepreneurial-success-in-the-medtech-industry?r=51880">Hear How NxStage CEO Jeffrey Burbank Found Entrepreneurial Success in the Medtech Industry</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1567261968/sites/mdb/articles/2018/insider/20180621_Story2-MedInnovation.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs INSIDER</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/27595-miniature-microchip-technology-could-be-used-to-track-smart-pills?r=51880">Miniature Microchip Technology Could Be Used to Track Smart Pills</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1553780579/sites/mdb/articles/2017/insider/mdb_0921_stry04.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48520-compound-reverses-effects-of-potentially-deadly-drugs?r=51880">Compound Reverses Effects of Potentially Deadly Drugs</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1688403309/sites/tb/features-16x9/48520/reverse-deadly-drugs_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="row g-1 collapse more_related show"> <div class="col-12"> <span class="mx-auto d-block badge bg-primary text-uppercase sans-serif mt-2" style="width:200px" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target=".more_related" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=="#more_related"> More <i class="fad fa-chevron-double-down"></i> </span></div></div> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-lg-2 g-1 more-related collapse more_related" id="more_related"> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48539-rational-design-of-drug-delivery-systems?r=51880">Rational Design of Drug Delivery Systems</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1694019784/sites/tb/features-16x9/48539/kumar-lab_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/30982-drug-delivery-capsule-coated-wi?r=51880">Drug-Delivery Capsule Coated with Microneedles Could Replace Injections</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgd2lkdGg9IjEwMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iNTczIj48cmVjdCB4PSIwIiB5PSIwIiB3aWR0aD0iMTAyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1NzMiIGZpbGw9IiMwMDAwMDAiIC8+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJzY2FsZSg2LjgyKSB0cmFuc2xhdGUoMC41IDAuNSkiPjxnIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDcwLjQ1IDE4LjE5KSByb3RhdGUoMjczLjE1KSBzY2FsZSgxMzAuMjUgNDkuODApIj48ZWxsaXBzZSBmaWxsPSIjZTFmZmZmIiBmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk9IjAuNTAiIGN4PSIwIiBjeT0iMCIgcng9IjEiIHJ5PSIxIiAvPjwvZz48ZyB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSg3NC4wOSAxMy45Nykgcm90YXRlKDE4NC4yOSkgc2NhbGUoMzYuMjIgMTQ1LjM0KSI+PGVsbGlwc2UgZmlsbD0iIzkzZTdmZiIgZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5PSIwLjUwIiBjeD0iMCIgY3k9IjAiIHJ4PSIxIiByeT0iMSIgLz48L2c+PGVsbGlwc2UgZmlsbD0iIzAwMDIwZCIgZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5PSIwLjUwIiBjeD0iMjciIGN5PSI0MiIgcng9IjEyIiByeT0iMTgiIC8+PGVsbGlwc2UgZmlsbD0iIzE4M2M0YyIgZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5PSIwLjUwIiBjeD0iMTIwIiBjeT0iNTUiIHJ4PSIxMSIgcnk9IjQ5IiAvPjxyZWN0IGZpbGw9IiM4M2M0ZTIiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgeD0iNjUiIHk9IjcwIiB3aWR0aD0iNjAiIGhlaWdodD0iMTQiIC8+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1630914564/sites/tbtv/youtube/30982_PBCa5bM3zjg.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/13757-smart-self-healing-hydrogel?r=51880">Smart, Self-Healing Hydrogel</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1556398121/sites/tbtv/youtube/13757_wZhwGfOnydY.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Podcasts</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51788-the-evolution-of-precision-drug-delivery?r=51880">The Evolution of Precision Drug Delivery</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1728053382/sites/tb/features-16x9/51788/100424-tb-podcast-adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48519-biodegradable-millirobot-releases-targeted-drugs?r=51880">Biodegradable Millirobot Releases Targeted Drugs</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgd2lkdGg9IjEwMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iNzY0Ij48cmVjdCB4PSIwIiB5PSIwIiB3aWR0aD0iMTAyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI3NjQiIGZpbGw9IiMwMDAwMDAiIC8+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJzY2FsZSg2LjgyKSB0cmFuc2xhdGUoMC41IDAuNSkiPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNmZmZmZmYiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjExMiIgY3k9IjM1IiByeD0iMTQwIiByeT0iMTQwIiAvPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNmZmZmZmYiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjUxIiBjeT0iMjIiIHJ4PSIxNDkiIHJ5PSIzMCIgLz48ZWxsaXBzZSBmaWxsPSIjNWMyNzAwIiBmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk9IjAuNTAiIGN4PSI0NiIgY3k9IjMyIiByeD0iMTUiIHJ5PSIyNSIgLz48ZyB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgxMDMuNDIgNzcuNTMpIHJvdGF0ZSg3OC4xNSkgc2NhbGUoNDMuNDkgMzcuMDcpIj48ZWxsaXBzZSBmaWxsPSIjNTg0MzMxIiBmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk9IjAuNTAiIGN4PSIwIiBjeT0iMCIgcng9IjEiIHJ5PSIxIiAvPjwvZz48ZyB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSg3IDI3KSByb3RhdGUoMjUwKSBzY2FsZSg1OCA0MykiPjxyZWN0IGZpbGw9IiNmZmZmZmYiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgeD0iLTAuNSIgeT0iLTAuNSIgd2lkdGg9IjEiIGhlaWdodD0iMSIgLz48L2c+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1688402112/sites/tb/features-16x9/48519/biodegradable-millirobot_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/48806-videos-of-the-month-mdb-0823?r=51880">Videos of the Month </a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1692137744/sites/mdb/features-16x9/48806/mdb-0823-p4-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/19259-control-stroke-syringes?r=51880">Control Stroke Syringes</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgd2lkdGg9IjEwMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iNTczIj48cmVjdCB4PSIwIiB5PSIwIiB3aWR0aD0iMTAyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1NzMiIGZpbGw9IiM0NjYwOWUiIC8+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJzY2FsZSg2LjgyKSB0cmFuc2xhdGUoMC41IDAuNSkiPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiM4M2I2ZTUiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9Ijc4IiBjeT0iNzQiIHJ4PSI2MSIgcnk9IjE3IiAvPjxnIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDMuOTQgMTkuNjIpIHJvdGF0ZSgxNDQuMzkpIHNjYWxlKDEyMi45MSAxOS41MikiPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiMxNDAyM2IiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjAiIGN5PSIwIiByeD0iMSIgcnk9IjEiIC8+PC9nPjxwb2x5Z29uIGZpbGw9IiNiZWQzZWEiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgcG9pbnRzPSI1MC41NSw1Ny4xNiwyNS40OCwzMS41NCwyNS4wOCw2LjM3LDM0LjA3LDE0Ljc3IiAvPjxwb2x5Z29uIGZpbGw9IiMwZDAwNDEiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgcG9pbnRzPSIxMTkuODksMjcuMjEsMTY1LjAwLC0xNi4wMCwxMTEuMDYsLTE2LjAwLDEwMy4zMCwxOS4xMyIgLz48ZyB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgxMTIuMTEgNTEuODQpIHJvdGF0ZSgzNi4yMCkgc2NhbGUoNC40OCA1Ny40OSkiPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNhYWM0ZGUiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjAiIGN5PSIwIiByeD0iMSIgcnk9IjEiIC8+PC9nPjwvZz48L3N2Zz4=' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1523744894/sites/mdb/articles/2014/products/49743-174.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Podcasts</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/50517-wearable-injectors-the-future-of-drug-delivery?r=51880">Wearable Injectors: The Future of Drug Delivery</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1716312378/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50517/041024-mdb-podcast-empaveli_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Podcasts</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51853-emerging-trends-in-drug-delivery?r=51880">Emerging Trends in Drug Delivery</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1729273236/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51853/102224-mdb-podcast_trends_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Podcasts</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51952-an-inside-look-at-designing-drug-delivery-pumps?r=51880">An Inside Look at Designing Drug-Delivery Pumps</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1730568792/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51952/103024_mdb_podcast_adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50577-how-much-do-you-know-about-drug-delivery?r=51880">How Much Do You Know About Drug Delivery?</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1713969938/sites/tb/features-16x9/50577/042624-tb-quiz-robopill_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs INSIDER</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/47427-covid-19-smart-patch-vaccine-measures-effectiveness?r=51880">COVID-19 Smart Patch Vaccine Measures Effectiveness</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1674162022/sites/mdb/features-16x9/47427/20230120_medical_design_story2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/28203-pain-free-skin-patch-for-management-of-type-2-diabetes?r=51880">Biochemical, Pain-Free Skin Patch Manages Type 2 Diabetes with Microneedles</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1603192644/sites/mdb/articles/2018/features/MDB-0218-p50-fig1.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/36249-drug-testing-with-human-body-on-chip-systems?r=51880">Drug Testing with Human Body-on-Chip Systems</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1584193041/sites/mdb/features-16x9/36249/mdb-0320-p39_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/49051-adhesive-film-offers-pain-free-drug-delivery?r=51880">Adhesive Film Offers Pain-Free Drug Delivery</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1694724470/sites/mdb/features-16x9/49051/20230915_biotech_story3_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48515-the-cusp-of-cavitation-enhanced-transdermal-drug-delivery?r=51880">The cUSP of Cavitation-Enhanced Transdermal Drug Delivery</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1688066472/sites/tb/features-16x9/48515/cusp_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/30316-making-wrinkles-hydrogels-that?r=51880">Hydrogels Collapse Into Complex Shapes for Drug Delivery</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1631267757/sites/tbtv/youtube/30316_SHsJFS-KALg.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/13936-40434-167?r=51880">Extruded Film and Rod</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1442214936/sites/mdb/articles/2012/products/40434-167.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/49675-the-impact-of-cybersecurity-within-the-health-care-industry?r=51880">The Impact Of Cybersecurity Within The Healthcare Industry</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1701803909/sites/mdb/features-16x9/49675/mcra_-_cybersecurity_in_healthcare-crop_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/38069-microneedle-patch-delivers-gene-therapy?r=51880">Microneedle Patch Delivers Gene Therapy</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1605302559/sites/mdb/features-16x9/38069/microneedles1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51685-transdermal-technology-designing-the-worlds-first-seven-day-patch-for-alzheimers?r=51880">Transdermal Technology: Designing the World’s First Seven-Day Patch for Alzheimer’s</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1728088591/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51685/mdb-1024-p10_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/31788-medicated-skin-patch-transforms?r=51880">Medicated Skin Patch Transforms Fat, Dissolves 'Love Handles'</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1631302115/sites/tbtv/youtube/31788_uBHNeLoiuwo.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/37865-wireless-battery-free-micro-chip-implants?r=51880">Wireless, Battery-Free Micro-Chip Implants</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1602000710/sites/tb/features-16x9/37865/microimplants_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/31760-breakthrough-tnt-device-heals-organs-with-single-electric-pulse?r=51880">Breakthrough 'TNT' Device Heals Organs With Single Electric Pulse</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1636728995/sites/tbtv/youtube/31760_tMQ51Kj2tS0.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/31485-detecting-fake-drugs-with-a-pie?r=51880">Detecting Fake Drugs With A Piece Of Paper</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1630781485/sites/tbtv/youtube/31485_9tVEqP60r2s.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col "> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Medical Design Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 fw-lighter text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/20821-biobarb-adapters?r=51880">BioBarb Adapters</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1458143322/sites/mdb/articles/2014/products/49750-189_fig1.png' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div></div> <ul></ul></div> <div class="jwDisqusForm"> <div id="disqus_thread"></div> <script> var disqus_developer = '0'; var disqus_config = function(){ // TBMG -- use NTB canonicalURL instead of itemURL this.page.url = 'https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/component/content/article/51880-trivia-103024'; // TBMG this.page.identifier = '0e9876ef7f_id51880'; // TBMG -- added article title as disqus_title this.page.title = "Cybersecurity"; // TBMG this.language = ''; }; (function() { var d = document, s = d.createElement('script'); s.src = 'https://techbriefs.disqus.com/embed.js'; s.setAttribute('data-timestamp', +new Date()); (d.head || d.body).appendChild(s); })(); </script> <noscript> <a href="https://techbriefs.disqus.com/?url=ref_noscript">View the discussion thread.</a> </noscript> <div id="jwDisqusFormFooter"> <div class="clr"></div></div></div> <div class="clr"></div></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_23_modid_422',target_pos:'23',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_23_modid_422' class=""></div></div></div></article></div> </section> <section id="sidebar" class="right-column col-lg-4 col-md-5 d-md-block d-none"> <div><div class="story-list row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Top Stories</h4><div class="top-stories-box story-list"> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51871-making-bandages-from-artificial-spider-silk"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730200825/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51871/20241023_medical_design_story1_feature_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51871-making-bandages-from-artificial-spider-silk" alt="Making Bandages from Artificial Spider Silk"> Making Bandages from Artificial Spider Silk</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/52020-implantable-device-prevents-death-from-opioid-overdose"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730928396/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52020/20241107_medical_design_story1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52020-implantable-device-prevents-death-from-opioid-overdose" alt="Implantable Device Prevents Death from Opioid Overdose"> Implantable Device Prevents Death from Opioid Overdose</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51952-an-inside-look-at-designing-drug-delivery-pumps"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730568792/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51952/103024_mdb_podcast_adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51952-an-inside-look-at-designing-drug-delivery-pumps" alt="An Inside Look at Designing Drug-Delivery Pumps"> An Inside Look at Designing Drug-Delivery Pumps</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51702-noninvasive-method-first-to-continually-measure-true-blood-pressure"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1728094566/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51702/mdb-1024-p48_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Wearables</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51702-noninvasive-method-first-to-continually-measure-true-blood-pressure" alt="Noninvasive Method First to Continually Measure True Blood Pressure"> Noninvasive Method First to Continually Measure True Blood Pressure</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51853-emerging-trends-in-drug-delivery"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729273236/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51853/102224-mdb-podcast_trends_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Design</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51853-emerging-trends-in-drug-delivery" alt="Emerging Trends in Drug Delivery"> Emerging Trends in Drug Delivery</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51852-pens-and-autoinjectors-as-drug-delivery-options"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729272913/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51852/101824-mdb-podcast_pen_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51852-pens-and-autoinjectors-as-drug-delivery-options" alt="Pens and Autoinjectors as Drug-Delivery Options"> Pens and Autoinjectors as Drug-Delivery Options</a></p></div></div></div> <div class="row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Ask the Expert</h4> <div class="ntb-asktheexpert"> <h6>Eric Dietsch on the Benefits of Nitinol Wire</h6> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_3:4,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1597449571/sites/mdb/articles/2020/sponsored/asktheexpert/eric_dietsch.jpg' class='float-start w-33 me-2 mb-1 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /><p>In collaboration with the Fort Wayne Metals Engineering team, Eric Dietsch focuses on supporting customers with material recommendations, product development, and education. Eric is available to help you and your company with any Nitinol-related questions or needs that you may have.</p> <a href="/component/content/article/37395-ask-the-expert-eric-dietsch-on-choosing-the-right-wire-for-your-needs"> <button class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase"> Read More  <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_23_modid_415',target_pos:'23',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_23_modid_415' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Inside Story</h4> <div class="ntb-asktheexpert"> <h6>Inside Story: Establishing Safe EO Residual Levels for Medical Devices</h6> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_3:4,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1705772502/sites/mdb/articles/2023/features/MDB-0123-insidestory-fig1.jpg' class='float-start w-33 me-2 mb-1 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /><p>To find out more about the expertise required to establish safe EO Residual levels for medical devices, Medical Design Briefs recently spoke with Leonard Harris, Manager, Chemistry and Container Testing for Eurofins Medical Device Testing (Lancaster, PA).</p> <a href="/component/content/article/49693-inside-story-mdb-0123"> <button class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase"> Read More  <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_21_modid_410',target_pos:'21',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_21_modid_410' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="story-list row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Webcasts</h4><div class="webinars-box story-list"> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1728721385/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51616/enedo-a-guide-to-selecting-power-supplies_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> Upcoming Webinars: Electronics & Computers</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51616-a-guide-to-selecting-power-supplies-for-medical-equipment"> A Guide to Selecting Power Supplies for Medical Equipment</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730288828/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51806/cpc-benefits-of-streamlining_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Materials</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51806-benefits-of-streamlining-fluid-connections-in-medical-applications"> Benefits of Streamlining Fluid Connections in Medical Applications</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729692857/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51665/shutterstock_649070965_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Materials</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51665-the-power-of-the-wear-study-in-medical-device-development"> The Power of the Wear Study in Medical Device Development</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730568792/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51952/103024_mdb_podcast_adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51952-an-inside-look-at-designing-drug-delivery-pumps"> An Inside Look at Designing Drug-Delivery Pumps</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729664250/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51868/cpc-benefits-of-streamlining_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Wearables</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51868-addressing-connectivity-and-performance-in-connected-care-iot-devices"> Addressing Connectivity and Performance in Connected Care IoT Devices</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729273236/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51853/102224-mdb-podcast_trends_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Design</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51853-emerging-trends-in-drug-delivery"> Emerging Trends in Drug Delivery</a></p></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_412',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_412' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_300x150_125x125_234x60',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_300x150_125x125_234x60',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[300,150],[125,125],[234,60]],div_id:'GAM_pos_31_modid_413',target_pos:'31',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_31_modid_413' class=""></div></div></div></div> </section> </section><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1200,150]],div_id:'GAM_pos_14_modid_420',target_pos:'14',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_14_modid_420' class=""></div></div></div><footer><div class="newsmatrix-hubheadlines mt-5 sans-serif row"> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-1 col-lg-3 col-6 order-lg-5"> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/stories/blog" rel="nofollow">Medical Blog</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52004-gen-ai-isnt-ready-for-medical-devices"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1731073851/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52004/mdb-1124-p7_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52004-gen-ai-isnt-ready-for-medical-devices">Gen AI Isn’t Ready (for Medical Devices)</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51995-from-the-editor-mdb-1124">From the Editor - Study: Use of Recalled Products Does Not Equal Future Loyalty</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51697-from-the-editor-mdb-1024">From the Editor: A Breakthrough in Remote Surgical Robotics</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-2 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing" rel="nofollow">Materials & Manufacturing</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51806-benefits-of-streamlining-fluid-connections-in-medical-applications"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1730288828/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51806/cpc-benefits-of-streamlining_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51806-benefits-of-streamlining-fluid-connections-in-medical-applications">Benefits of Streamlining Fluid Connections in Medical Applications</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51665-the-power-of-the-wear-study-in-medical-device-development">The Power of the Wear Study in Medical Device Development</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52005-videos-of-the-month-mdb-1124">Videos of the Month</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-3 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing" rel="nofollow">Design & Testing</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52002-product-focus-manufacturing-assembly-equipment-1124"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1731082207/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52002/mdb-1124-p46_fig2r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52002-product-focus-manufacturing-assembly-equipment-1124">Product Focus: Manufacturing/Assembly Equipment</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51998-implantable-miniature-brain-machine-interface-offers-low-power-usage">Implantable Miniature Brain-Machine Interface Offers Low Power Usage</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51985-medevice-silicon-valley-an-md-m-event">MEDevice Silicon Valley, an MD&M Event</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-4 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables" rel="nofollow">Sensors & Wearables</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51999-high-tech-bandages-could-fend-off-infections-improve-healing"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1731081553/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51999/mdb-1124-p44_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51999-high-tech-bandages-could-fend-off-infections-improve-healing">High-Tech Bandages Could Fend Off Infections, Improve Healing</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51994-a-band-aid-for-the-heart-new-3d-printing-method-makes-this-and-much-more-possible">A Band-Aid for the Heart? New 3D Printing Method Makes This, and Much More,...</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51992-how-printed-electronics-are-transforming-healthcare">How Printed Electronics Are Transforming Healthcare</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-5 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software" rel="nofollow">Electronics & Software</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52006-product-of-the-month-mdb-1124"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1731082032/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52006/mdb-1124-p46_fig1r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52006-product-of-the-month-mdb-1124">Product of the Month</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52001-new-products-and-services-mdb-1124">New Products and Services</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51993-exploring-electrosurgery-current-trends-and-challenges">Exploring Electrosurgery: Current Trends and Challenges</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-6 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation" rel="nofollow">Robotics & Automation</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52080-miniature-robots-can-navigate-through-3d-matrix"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1732048612/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52080/20241120_medical_design_story1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52080-miniature-robots-can-navigate-through-3d-matrix">Miniature Robots Can Navigate Through 3D Matrix</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/52000-medical-podcasts-1124">Medical Podcasts</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51991-finger-pouch-actuator-improves-rehab-gloves">Finger Pouch Actuator Improves Rehab Gloves</a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-7 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity" rel="nofollow">IoMT & Connectivity</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51984-optimizing-biopharma-workflows-integrating-ai-to-enhance-research-and-discovery"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1731076034/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51984/mdb-1124-p21_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51984-optimizing-biopharma-workflows-integrating-ai-to-enhance-research-and-discovery">Optimizing Biopharma Workflows: Integrating AI to Enhance Research and...</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51880-trivia-103024">Cybersecurity</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51480-how-quantum-computing-will-impact-healthcare-data-encryption">How Quantum Computing Will Impact Healthcare Data Encryption </a></p></div> <div class="newsmatrix-block order-8 col-lg-3 col-6 "> <h6 class="mt-2"> <a href="/mdb/features/articles" rel="nofollow">Features</a></h6> <a class="w-100 newsmatrix_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51982-inside-the-oem-johnson-johnson-medtech"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1731075276/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51982/mdb-1124-p10_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51982-inside-the-oem-johnson-johnson-medtech">Inside the OEM: Johnson & Johnson MedTech</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51983-how-to-design-reliable-low-power-wearable-medicine-injectors">How to Design Reliable, Low-Power Wearable Medicine Injectors </a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a class="newsmatrix_module_link text-dark" href="/component/content/article/51685-transdermal-technology-designing-the-worlds-first-seven-day-patch-for-alzheimers">Transdermal Technology: Designing the World’s First Seven-Day Patch for...</a></p></div></div><hr class="border-top border-primary"> <nav id="footernav" class="sans-serif"> <div class="footer-bottom row"> <div class="left-column col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/about">About</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/">Tech Briefs</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/">Mobility Engineering Technology</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://status.saemediagroup.com/">Service Status</a></p></div><div id="cb-form" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm mt-5" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Sign In</h5> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button></div> <div class="modal-body"> <form action="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/account/login" method="post" id="login-form" class="form-inline cbLoginForm" data-bs-target="#cb-form"> <input type="hidden" name="option" value="com_comprofiler"/> <input type="hidden" name="view" value="login"/> <input type="hidden" name="op2" value="login"/> <input type="hidden" name="return" value="B:aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubWVkaWNhbGRlc2lnbmJyaWVmcy5jb20vY29tcG9uZW50L2NvbnRlbnQvYXJ0aWNsZS81MTg4MC10cml2aWEtMTAzMDI0"/> <input type="hidden" name="message" value="0"/> <input type="hidden" name="loginfrom" value="loginmodule"/> <input type="hidden" name="e79d7fec1d2f8263bb06eeeec0d7c54c" value="1" /> <div class="form-floating mb-3 w-100"> <input name="username" type="text" class="form-control col-8" id="inputUserName" placeholder="Username"> <label for="inputUserName">Username or Email</label></div> <div class="form-floating mb-3 w-100"> <input name="passwd" type="password" class="form-control col-8" id="inputPassword" placeholder="Password"> <label for="inputPassword">Password</label></div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary col-12 mb-3">Submit <i class="fas fa-sign-in ms-2"></i></button> <a href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/account/forgot-login" class="col-12"> <i class="fas fa-unlock-alt me-2"></i> Forgot Login? </a> <div class="posttext cb_template cb_template_default"> <p><i>By submitting your personal information, you agree that SAE Media Group and carefully selected industry sponsors of this content may contact you and that you have read and agree to the <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a>. </i></p> <p><i>You may reach us at <a href="mailto:privacy@saemediagroup.com">privacy@saemediagroup.com</a>. </i></p> <p><i>You may unsubscribe at any time.</i></p></div></form></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mid-column col-sm-3 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/subscription-services">Subscriber Services</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/feedback">Feedback</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com/company-directory">Contact Us</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/sitemap">Site Map</a></p></div></div> <div class="right-column col-sm-3 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com">Advertise</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/cookie-usage-statement">Cookie Usage</a></p></div><p class="menu-footer-followus my-2"> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=facebook&username=MedicalDesignBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=twitter&username=MedicalBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=linkedin_company&username=sae-media-group" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=instagram&username=mdbmagazine" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-instagram"></i></a></p></div></div> </nav> <div class="row mb-5"> <div class="copyright col-12"> <p class="font-italic small">© 2009-2024 SAE Media Group</p></div></div> </footer></div><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/cloudinary-core/2.13.1/cloudinary-core-shrinkwrap.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-stp48jOOmT4TXnB4bMJ0rlcR7XagE92cqr7pEb+oFQox6qNSyKiN31GajDsg5VVn+HgM5mhOZinSRXowsRmgPg=="></script><script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/e04325f501.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-JRlcvSZAXT8+5SQQAvklXGJuxXTouyq8oIMaYERZQasB8SBDHZaUbeASsJWpk0UUrf89DP3/aefPPrlMR1h1yQ=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/lazysizes.min.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-q583ppKrCRc7N5O0n2nzUiJ+suUv7Et1JGels4bXOaMFQcamPk9HjdUknZuuFjBNs7tsMuadge5k9RzdmO+1GQ=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-v2CJ7UaYy4JwqLDIrZUI/4hqeoQieOmAZNXBeQyjo21dadnwR+8ZaIJVT8EE2iyI61OV8e6M8PP2/4hpQINQ/g=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap/5.2.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-i9cEfJwUwViEPFKdC1enz4ZRGBj8YQo6QByFTF92YXHi7waCqyexvRD75S5NVTsSiTv7rKWqG9Y5eFxmRsOn0A=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/js/bootstrap-select.min.js" defer tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-yrOmjPdp8qH8hgLfWpSFhC/+R9Cj9USL8uJxYIveJZGAiedxyIxwNw4RsLDlcjNlIRR4kkHaDHSmNHAkxFTmgg=="></script><script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> $(function () { var cl = cloudinary.Cloudinary.new({ cloud_name: "tbmg" }); cl.config({ defaultBreakpoints: [100,200,400,500,800,1000,1200], responsive_use_breakpoints: true, }); cl.responsive(); }); var match_md_max = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 991px)"); $(function () { var tooltipTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="tooltip"]')) var tooltipList = tooltipTriggerList.map(function (tooltipTriggerEl) { return new bootstrap.Tooltip(tooltipTriggerEl) }) }); </script> <link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js" as="script"/> <meta name="shareaholic:site_id" content="522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767"/> <script data-cfasync="false" async src="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> $(function () { // olytics 3.0 window.olytics || (window.olytics = []), window.olytics.methods = ["fire", "confirm"], window.olytics.factory = function (i) { return function () { var t = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); return t.unshift(i), window.olytics.push(t), window.olytics } }; for (var i = 0; i < window.olytics.methods.length; i++) { var method = window.olytics.methods[i]; window.olytics[method] = window.olytics.factory(method) } olytics.load = function (i) { if (!document.getElementById("olyticsImport")) { window.a = window.olytics; var t = document.createElement("script"); t.async = !0, t.id = "olyticsImport", t.type = "text/javascript"; var o = ""; void 0 !== i && void 0 !== i.oid && (o = i.oid), t.setAttribute("data-oid", o), t.src = "https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/js/v3/p/olytics.min.js", t.addEventListener("load", function (t) { for (olytics.initialize({Olytics: i}); window.a.length > 0;) { var o = window.a.shift(), s = o.shift(); olytics[s] && olytics[s].apply(olytics, o) } }, !1); var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t, s) } }, olytics.load({oid: "c1d61b8c10b7440fb3c59fe5b6424a6b"}); }); </script><noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none;" alt="" src="https://px.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=3077140&fmt=gif" class="nolazyload"/> </noscript>  <script src="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/media/system/js/core.min.js?37ffe4186289eba9c5df81bea44080aff77b9684"></script> <script src="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/media/vendor/webcomponentsjs/js/webcomponents-bundle.min.js?2.8.0" nomodule defer></script> <script src="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/media/vendor/jquery/js/jquery.min.js?3.7.1"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/mdb_2018/css/template.min.css?t=1732180729" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-nff3aWZDIDxg0tWNzmHpVJBIYzeNKxD4MoBEEkbkMiS5E+xdfuInyttVoJSbSWn5clseSEQrzufa8Bl8rXvN9A=="/> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/plugins/print/ls.print.min.js" defer crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-tY3D/iSWSdQE2NSLW/mRWQd/bvHAGjyCLRwSd23sqNbbgVnUaah2t+ZpX7hdBOskZ7PqYvwe4E+qxNARGojJGQ=="></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/limonte-sweetalert2/11.14.5/sweetalert2.all.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-m4zOGknNg3h+mK09EizkXi9Nf7B3zwsN9ow+YkYIPZoA6iX2vSzLezg4FnW0Q6Z1CPaJdwgUFQ3WSAUC4E/5Hg=="></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-g2SduJKxa4Lbn3GW+Q7rNz+pKP9AWMR++Ta8fgwsZRCUsawjPvF/BxSMkGS61VsR9yinGoEgrHPGPn2mrj8+4w=="/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/css/v3/p/olytics.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"/>  <script> var GAM_breakpoint=window.getComputedStyle(document.querySelector('body'),':before').getPropertyValue('content').replace(/"/g,'');window.googletag=window.googletag||{cmd:[]};googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.pubads().setTargeting('sitepage',['MDB/Software/Trivia']).setTargeting('site',["MDB"]).setTargeting('menu_route',["mdb"]).setTargeting('menu_topics',[""]).setTargeting('menu_tags',[""]).setTargeting('article_category',["Trivia"]).setTargeting('article_topics',["Medical','Connectivity','Electronics & Computers','Software"]).setTargeting('article_navs',["Trivia"]);googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();googletag.pubads().setCentering(true);googletag.pubads().setForceSafeFrame(false);googletag.enableServices();});$(function(){function ntb_google_ad_manager_build(item){item_div=$('#'+item.div_id);if(item.display_sizes.includes(GAM_breakpoint)){googletag.cmd.push(function(){var item=this;var item_div=$('#'+item.div_id);size_mapping=[];if(item.size_mapping.length){size_mapping=googletag.sizeMapping();item.size_mapping.forEach(function(size_map){size_mapping.addSize(size_map.view,size_map.map);});size_mapping.build();} var targetSlot=googletag.defineSlot(item.slot,item.slot_ad_sizes,item.div_id).setTargeting('pos',[item.target_pos]).defineSizeMapping(size_mapping);if(item.slot_ad_empty==='default'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true);} if(item.slot_ad_empty==='collapse'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true,true);} if(item.slot_ad_empty==='expand'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(false);} targetSlot.addService(googletag.pubads());googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded',function(event){if(event.slot===targetSlot&&event.isEmpty){item_div.parents('.ad-position').addClass('d-none');googletag.destroySlots(event.slot);}});googletag.enableServices();}.bind(item));} else{item_div.parents('.ad-position').addClass('d-none');}} function ntb_google_ad_manager_display(item){if(item.display_all||item.display_sizes.includes(GAM_breakpoint)){googletag.cmd.push(function(){item=this;googletag.display(item.div_id);}.bind(item));}} for(let i=0;i<ntb_google_ad_manager_items.length;i++){ntb_google_ad_manager_build(ntb_google_ad_manager_items[i]);} for(let i=0;i<ntb_google_ad_manager_items.length;i++){ntb_google_ad_manager_display(ntb_google_ad_manager_items[i]);}}); /*! inlined from /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail-es5.min.js by ntb_minifier */ (function(){'use strict';function _inheritsLoose(subClass,superClass){subClass.prototype=Object.create(superClass.prototype);subClass.prototype.constructor=subClass;_setPrototypeOf(subClass,superClass);} function _getPrototypeOf(o){_getPrototypeOf=Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.getPrototypeOf.bind():function _getPrototypeOf(o){return o.__proto__||Object.getPrototypeOf(o);};return _getPrototypeOf(o);} function _setPrototypeOf(o,p){_setPrototypeOf=Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf.bind():function _setPrototypeOf(o,p){o.__proto__=p;return o;};return _setPrototypeOf(o,p);} function _isNativeReflectConstruct(){if(typeof Reflect==="undefined"||!Reflect.construct)return false;if(Reflect.construct.sham)return false;if(typeof Proxy==="function")return true;try{Boolean.prototype.valueOf.call(Reflect.construct(Boolean,[],function(){}));return true;}catch(e){return false;}} function _construct(Parent,args,Class){if(_isNativeReflectConstruct()){_construct=Reflect.construct.bind();}else{_construct=function _construct(Parent,args,Class){var a=[null];a.push.apply(a,args);var Constructor=Function.bind.apply(Parent,a);var instance=new Constructor();if(Class)_setPrototypeOf(instance,Class.prototype);return instance;};} return _construct.apply(null,arguments);} function _isNativeFunction(fn){return Function.toString.call(fn).indexOf("[native code]")!==-1;} function _wrapNativeSuper(Class){var _cache=typeof Map==="function"?new Map():undefined;_wrapNativeSuper=function _wrapNativeSuper(Class){if(Class===null||!_isNativeFunction(Class))return Class;if(typeof Class!=="function"){throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function");} if(typeof _cache!=="undefined"){if(_cache.has(Class))return _cache.get(Class);_cache.set(Class,Wrapper);} function Wrapper(){return _construct(Class,arguments,_getPrototypeOf(this).constructor);} Wrapper.prototype=Object.create(Class.prototype,{constructor:{value:Wrapper,enumerable:false,writable:true,configurable:true}});return _setPrototypeOf(Wrapper,Class);};return _wrapNativeSuper(Class);} window.customElements.define('joomla-hidden-mail',function(_HTMLElement){_inheritsLoose(_class,_HTMLElement);function _class(){var _this;_this=_HTMLElement.call(this)||this;_this.newElement='';_this.base='';return _this;} var _proto=_class.prototype;_proto.disconnectedCallback=function disconnectedCallback(){this.innerHTML='';};_proto.connectedCallback=function connectedCallback(){var _this2=this;this.base=this.getAttribute('base')+"/";if(this.getAttribute('is-link')==='1'){this.newElement=document.createElement('a');this.newElement.setAttribute('href',"mailto:"+this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('first'))+"@"+this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('last')));[].slice.call(this.attributes).forEach(function(attribute,index){var _this2$attributes$ite=_this2.attributes.item(index),nodeName=_this2$attributes$ite.nodeName;if(nodeName){if(['is-link','is-email','first','last','text'].indexOf(nodeName)===-1){var _this2$attributes$ite2=_this2.attributes.item(index),nodeValue=_this2$attributes$ite2.nodeValue;_this2.newElement.setAttribute(nodeName,nodeValue);}}});}else{this.newElement=document.createElement('span');} if(this.getAttribute('text')){var innerStr=this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('text'));innerStr=innerStr.replace('src="images/',"src=\""+this.base+"images/").replace('src="media/',"src=\""+this.base+"media/");this.newElement.innerHTML=Joomla.sanitizeHtml(innerStr);}else{this.newElement.innerText=window.atob(this.getAttribute('first'))+"@"+window.atob(this.getAttribute('last'));} this.removeAttribute('class');this.removeAttribute('style');this.innerText='';this.appendChild(this.newElement);};_class.b64DecodeUnicode=function b64DecodeUnicode(str){return decodeURIComponent(Array.prototype.map.call(atob(str),function(c){return"%"+("00"+c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-2);}).join(''));};return _class;}(_wrapNativeSuper(HTMLElement)));})(); /*! inlined from /media/system/js/keepalive-es5.min.js by ntb_minifier */ (function(){'use strict';if(!window.Joomla){throw new Error('Joomla API was not properly initialised');} var keepAliveOptions=Joomla.getOptions('system.keepalive');var keepAliveInterval=keepAliveOptions&&keepAliveOptions.interval?parseInt(keepAliveOptions.interval,10):45*1000;var keepAliveUri=keepAliveOptions&&keepAliveOptions.uri?keepAliveOptions.uri.replace(/&/g,'&'):'';if(keepAliveUri===''){var systemPaths=Joomla.getOptions('system.paths');keepAliveUri=(systemPaths?systemPaths.root+"/index.php":window.location.pathname)+"?option=com_ajax&format=json";} setInterval(function(){return fetch(keepAliveUri,{method:'POST'});},keepAliveInterval);})(); /*! inlined from /media/legacy/js/$-noconflict.min.js by ntb_minifier */ var $=$.noConflict(); /*! inlined from /media/plg_content_ntb_tagsbot/js/tagsbot.min.js by ntb_minifier */ $(document).ready(function(){var currentTagLinkID=0;$('#ntb_cluster_'+$("#ntb_cluster").children(":selected").attr("value")).show('fast');$("#ntb_cluster").change(function(){$('.ntb_cluster_div').hide('fast');$('#ntb_cluster_'+this.value).show('fast');});$(".currentTagLinks").mouseenter(function(){if(currentTagLinkID!=this.id){currentTagLinkID=this.id;$('.ntb_cluster_div').hide('fast');$('#'+currentTagLinkID.replace('_link','')).show('fast');}});});$(function(){olytics.fire({behaviorId:'3671H9128356A9M',category:"trivia",tag:"Medical,Connectivity,Cybersecurity,Electronics & Computers,Software",pageType:"content",contentType:"stories"})});!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js');fbq('init','228022071752970');fbq('track','PageView');!function(s,a,e,v,n,t,z){if(s.saq)return;n=s.saq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!s._saq)s._saq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='1.0';n.queue=[];t=a.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;z=a.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];z.parentNode.insertBefore(t,z)}(window,document,'script','https://tags.srv.stackadapt.com/events.js');saq('ts','3GYZ_Va41jnx_uqfPcLCuQ');$(function(){$('#cb-form').on('shown.bs.modal',function(){$('#inputUserName').focus();})}); /*! inlined from /templates/mdb_2018/js/custom.min.js by ntb_minifier */ $(window).scroll(function(){if($(document).scrollTop()>50){$("nav").addClass("shrink");$(".logolarge").addClass("tb-logo-closed");$(".logosmall").removeClass("d-md-none");$(".add").hide()}else{$("nav").removeClass("shrink");$(".logosmall").addClass("d-md-none");$(".logolarge").removeClass("tb-logo-closed");$(".add").show()}});var _extraWatchParams=_extraWatchParams||[];_extraWatchParams.projectId='eed06b3a-9b31-4a14-a667-1115812e9f4e';(function(){var ew=document.createElement('script');ew.type='text/javascript';ew.async=true;ew.src='https://agent.extrawatch.com/agent/js/ew.js';var s=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(ew,s);})();_linkedin_partner_id="3077140";window._linkedin_data_partner_ids=window._linkedin_data_partner_ids||[];window._linkedin_data_partner_ids.push(_linkedin_partner_id);(function(l){if(!l){window.lintrk=function(a,b){window.lintrk.q.push([a,b])};window.lintrk.q=[]} var s=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];var b=document.createElement("script");b.type="text/javascript";b.async=true;b.src="https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js";s.parentNode.insertBefore(b,s);})(window.lintrk); </script> <script id="dsq-count-scr" src="//techbriefs.disqus.com/count.js" async></script> </body> </html>