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Ingham</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Ingham – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Samuel D. Ingham" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_D._Ingham" title="Samuel D. Ingham – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Samuel D. Ingham" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%94%D7%9D" title="סמואל אינגהם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סמואל אינגהם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%AF._%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85" title="صامويل د. انجهام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="صامويل د. انجهام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A0_(%E8%B2%A1%E5%8B%99%E9%95%B7%E5%AE%98)" title="サミュエル・インガム (財務長官) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サミュエル・インガム (財務長官)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_D._Ingham" title="Samuel D. Ingham – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Samuel D. Ingham" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_D._Ingham" title="Samuel D. Ingham – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Samuel D. Ingham" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BC,_%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8E%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ингем, Сэмюэль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ингем, Сэмюэль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_D._Ingham" title="Samuel D. Ingham – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Samuel D. Ingham" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8E%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Семюель Інгем – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Семюель Інгем" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_D._Ingham" title="Samuel D. Ingham – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Samuel D. Ingham" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%BC%AA%E5%B0%94%C2%B7D%C2%B7%E8%8B%B1%E5%8E%84%E5%A7%86" title="塞缪尔·D·英厄姆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塞缪尔·D·英厄姆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1773351#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Connecticut politician, see <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ingham" title="Samuel Ingham">Samuel Ingham</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Samuel D. Ingham</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:SIng.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/SIng.jpg" decoding="async" width="189" height="233" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="233" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">1893 posthumous portrait of Ingham, by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ulke" title="Henry Ulke">Henry Ulke</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">9th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 6, 1829 – June 20, 1831</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">Louis McLane</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>'s <span data-sort-value="Pennsylvania08 !"><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district">8th</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1823 – March 4, 1829<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Seat B</span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Seat established</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ihrie_Jr." title="Peter Ihrie Jr.">Peter Ihrie Jr.</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>'s <span data-sort-value="Pennsylvania06 !"><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district">6th</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1813 – July 6, 1818<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Seat A</span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Crawford_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="William Crawford (Pennsylvania politician)">William Crawford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Moore_(congressman)" title="Samuel Moore (congressman)">Samuel Moore</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />October 7, 1822 – March 3, 1823<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Seat A</span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Moore_(congressman)" title="Samuel Moore (congressman)">Samuel Moore</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Harris_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Robert Harris (Pennsylvania politician)">Robert Harris</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Samuel Delucenna Ingham</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1779-09-16</span>)</span>September 16, 1779<br /><a href="/wiki/New_Hope,_Pennsylvania" title="New Hope, Pennsylvania">New Hope, Pennsylvania</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">June 5, 1860<span style="display:none">(1860-06-05)</span> (aged 80)<br /><a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton, New Jersey</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic-Republican Party (United States)">Democratic-Republican</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Before 1825)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1825–1860)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Rebecca Dodd<br />Deborah Hall</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Samuel Delucenna Ingham</b> (September 16, 1779 – June 5, 1860) was an American politician who served as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">U.S. Treasury Secretary</a> under <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ingham was born in <a href="/wiki/New_Hope,_Pennsylvania" title="New Hope, Pennsylvania">New Hope, Pennsylvania</a>, on September 16, 1779. His parents were Dr. Jonathan Ingham, "a famous physician from Philadelphia",<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his wife, the former Ann Welding. </p><p>After a pursuit of classical studies, he was an apprentice to a paper maker along Pennypack Creek, not far from Philadelphia.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manufacturer">Manufacturer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Manufacturer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After completing his apprenticeship, Ingham became the manager of a paper mill at <a href="/wiki/Bloomfield,_New_Jersey" title="Bloomfield, New Jersey">Bloomfield, New Jersey</a>. It was while here he met Rebecca Dodd, whom he married in 1800. They had five children.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in 1800, Ingham returned to Pennsylvania and established a paper mill on his mother's farm (his father having died in 1793) that would be his main source of employment in the coming years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:INGHAM,_Samuel_D-Treasury_(BEP_engraved_portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/INGHAM%2C_Samuel_D-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/220px-INGHAM%2C_Samuel_D-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/INGHAM%2C_Samuel_D-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/330px-INGHAM%2C_Samuel_D-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/INGHAM%2C_Samuel_D-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/440px-INGHAM%2C_Samuel_D-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7032" data-file-height="9240" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a> portrait of Ingham as Secretary of the Treasury</figcaption></figure> <p>He was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_House_of_Representatives" title="Pennsylvania House of Representatives">Pennsylvania House of Representatives</a> from 1806 to 1808. Then, Ingham was appointed Justice of the Peace by the Governor of Pennsylvania. </p><p>He was a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from 1813 to July 6, 1818. He easily trounced his Federalist opponents in the first two elections and had no opposition at all in 1816. He resigned from Congress in 1818 because of his wife's ill health. He was appointed the <a href="/wiki/Prothonotary" title="Prothonotary">Prothonotary</a> (Chief Clerk, Notary and Registrar of the Court) of the Court of Common Pleas of <a href="/wiki/Bucks_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Bucks County, Pennsylvania">Bucks County, Pennsylvania</a>, after leaving Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1819 Rebecca Dodd Ingham died. </p><p>Ingham served as <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Pennsylvania" title="Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania">Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania</a> from 1819 to 1820. </p><p>In 1822, Ingham married Deborah Hall of <a href="/wiki/Salem,_New_Jersey" title="Salem, New Jersey">Salem, New Jersey</a>. They would become the parents of three children.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in 1822, Ingham was elected to Congress where he would serve until 1829. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/13th_United_States_Congress" title="13th United States Congress">13th Congress</a> he was chair of the United States House Committee on Pensions and Revolutionary War Claims. During the <a href="/wiki/14th_United_States_Congress" title="14th United States Congress">14th</a>, <a href="/wiki/15th_United_States_Congress" title="15th United States Congress">15th</a>, <a href="/wiki/19th_United_States_Congress" title="19th United States Congress">19th</a> and <a href="/wiki/20th_United_States_Congress" title="20th United States Congress">20th</a> Congresses, he was chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Post_Office_and_Post_Roads" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads">House Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads</a>, and he was chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Expenditures_in_the_Post_Office_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Expenditures in the Post Office Department">House Committee on Expenditures in the Post Office Department</a> during the 15th Congress. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secretary_of_the_Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Secretary of the Treasury"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ingham served as the ninth Secretary of the US Treasury from March 6, 1829, to June 21, 1831. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Second_Bank_of_the_United_States" title="Second Bank of the United States">Second Bank of the United States</a>, viewed by Jackson and much of the nation as an unconstitutional and dangerous <a href="/wiki/Monopoly" title="Monopoly">monopoly</a>, was Ingham's primary concern as Secretary of the Treasury. Jackson mistrusted the Second Bank of the United States and all other banks.<sup id="cite_ref-US_Treasury_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Treasury-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jackson thought that there should be no <a href="/wiki/Paper_currency" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper currency">paper currency</a> in circulation but only coins and that the <a href="/wiki/US_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="US Constitution">US Constitution</a> was designed to expel paper currency from the <a href="/wiki/Monetary_system" title="Monetary system">monetary system</a>. Ingham believed in the Second Bank and attempted to resolve conflicts between Jackson, who wanted it destroyed, and the Bank's president, <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Biddle_(1786%E2%80%931844)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Biddle (1786–1844)">Nicholas Biddle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-US_Treasury_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Treasury-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite being unable to reach any resolution between Jackson and Biddle, Ingham left office over an unrelated incident, which stemmed from his involvement in the social ostracism of <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Eaton" title="Peggy Eaton">Peggy Eaton</a>, the wife of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Eaton_(politician)" title="John Eaton (politician)">John H. Eaton</a>, by a group of Cabinet members and their wives. It was led by <a href="/wiki/Floride_Calhoun" title="Floride Calhoun">Floride Calhoun</a>, the wife of Vice President <a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a> and became known as the <a href="/wiki/Petticoat_affair" title="Petticoat affair">Petticoat affair</a>. Eaton challenged Ingham to a duel, which Ingham did not accept. On June 20, 1831, Eaton recruited a posse to search for Ingham, and Ingham responded by arming himself and requesting Jackson's help. With no help forthcoming from the president, Ingham fled to Baltimore the following morning and then to Bucks County, thus likely saving his life.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Societies">Societies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Societies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 1820s, Ingham was a member of the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Columbian_Institute_for_the_Promotion_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences">Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences</a>, which counted among its members two eventual presidents, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a>, and many other prominent men of the day, including well-known representatives of the military, government service, medical, and other professions.<sup id="cite_ref-rathbun_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rathbun-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1840, Ingham was elected as a member to the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After resigning as Secretary of the Treasury, Ingham resumed the manufacture of paper, and engaged in the development of <a href="/wiki/Anthracite_coal" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthracite coal">anthracite coal</a> fields. He was involved with the organization of the <a href="/wiki/Beaver_Meadow_Railroad_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Beaver Meadow Railroad Company">Beaver Meadow Railroad Company</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (e. 1830<sup id="cite_ref-Koehler_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koehler-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), of which he was then made president for a time.<sup id="cite_ref-Dingham_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dingham-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was connected with the organization of the <a href="/wiki/Hazleton,_Pennsylvania" title="Hazleton, Pennsylvania">Hazleton Coal Company</a>. He worked to promote canals such at the <a href="/wiki/Lehigh_Canal" title="Lehigh Canal">Lehigh Navigation</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Canal_(Delaware_Division)" title="Pennsylvania Canal (Delaware Division)">Delaware Canal</a>. He moved to <a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton, New Jersey</a>, in 1849, where he worked with that city's Mechanics Bank.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ingham died on June 5, 1860, in <a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton, New Jersey</a>, at the age of 80, and is interred in the Solebury Presbyterian Churchyard, <a href="/wiki/Solebury,_Pennsylvania" title="Solebury, Pennsylvania">Solebury, Pennsylvania</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ingham_County,_Michigan" title="Ingham County, Michigan">Ingham County, Michigan</a>, one of several <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_counties" title="Cabinet counties">Cabinet counties</a> named for members of Jackson's administration, is named in Ingham's honor; the city of <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing</a>, mostly situated in Ingham County, would later become Michigan's capital and center of its third-largest metropolitan area. Ingham Avenue in Trenton, NJ is also named in his honor.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> The most common name, Beaver Meadow Railroad was in fact, formally incorporated as the Beaver Meadow Railroad and Coal Company.<sup id="cite_ref-LVRRguide_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LVRRguide-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140810151428/http://lenapenation.org/content/Research%20of%20Don%20Repsher%20-%20Indian%20Place%20Names%20in%20Bucks%20County.pdf">"Indian Place Names in Bucks County"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Lenape Nation – A Tribal Community</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lenapenation.org/content/Research%20of%20Don%20Repsher%20-%20Indian%20Place%20Names%20in%20Bucks%20County.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on August 10, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lenape+Nation+%E2%80%93+A+Tribal+Community&rft.atitle=Indian+Place+Names+in+Bucks+County&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flenapenation.org%2Fcontent%2FResearch%2520of%2520Don%2520Repsher%2520-%2520Indian%2520Place%2520Names%2520in%2520Bucks%2520County.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ford Stevens Ceasar, <i>The Bicentennial History of Ingham County, Michigan</i> (Ann Arbor: Shaw-Barton, 1976), p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ceasar, <i>History of Ingham County</i>, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ceasar, <i>History of Ingham County</i>, p. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Caesar, <i>History of Ingham County</i>, p. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-US_Treasury-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-US_Treasury_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-US_Treasury_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treasury.gov/about/history/pages/sdingham.aspx">"Samuel D. Ingham (1829–1831)"</a>. US Treasury Department. November 11, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 28,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Samuel+D.+Ingham+%281829%E2%80%931831%29&rft.pub=US+Treasury+Department&rft.date=2010-11-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.treasury.gov%2Fabout%2Fhistory%2Fpages%2Fsdingham.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeacham2008" class="citation book cs1">Meacham, Jon (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanlion00jonm/page/179"><i>American Lion:Andrew Jackson in the White House</i></a>. Random House Trade Paperbacks. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanlion00jonm/page/179">179-181</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0812973464" title="Special:BookSources/978-0812973464"><bdi>978-0812973464</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Lion%3AAndrew+Jackson+in+the+White+House&rft.pages=179-181&rft.pub=Random+House+Trade+Paperbacks&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0812973464&rft.aulast=Meacham&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanlion00jonm%2Fpage%2F179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rathbun-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rathbun_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRathbun1904" class="citation book cs1">Rathbun, Richard (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MY-5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA118"><i>The Columbian institute for the promotion of arts and sciences: A Washington Society of 1816–1838</i></a>. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, October 18, 1917<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Columbian+institute+for+the+promotion+of+arts+and+sciences%3A+A+Washington+Society+of+1816%E2%80%931838.&rft.pub=Bulletin+of+the+United+States+National+Museum%2C+October+18%2C+1917&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Rathbun&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMY-5AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?year=1840;year-max=1840;smode=advanced;startDoc=21">"APS Member History"</a>. <i>search.amphilsoc.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=search.amphilsoc.org&rft.atitle=APS+Member+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.amphilsoc.org%2Fmemhist%2Fsearch%3Fyear%3D1840%3Byear-max%3D1840%3Bsmode%3Dadvanced%3BstartDoc%3D21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LVRRguide-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LVRRguide_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Hopkin_Thomas_Project_(reprinted_web_excerpts)1873" class="citation journal cs1">The Hopkin Thomas Project (reprinted web excerpts) (1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://himedo.net/TheHopkinThomasProject/TimeLine/IndustrialRevAmerica/Railroads/LVRRGuideBook.htm#BeaverMeadow">"GUIDE-BOOK OF THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD"</a>. a history of the company from its first organization and interesting facts concerning the origin and growth of the coal and iron trade in the Lehigh and Wyoming Region., J.B. Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=GUIDE-BOOK+OF+THE+LEHIGH+VALLEY+RAILROAD&rft.date=1873&rft.au=The+Hopkin+Thomas+Project+%28reprinted+web+excerpts%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhimedo.net%2FTheHopkinThomasProject%2FTimeLine%2FIndustrialRevAmerica%2FRailroads%2FLVRRGuideBook.htm%23BeaverMeadow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Koehler-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Koehler_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_S._Koehler,_Historian,_Weatherly,_Pa.1984" class="citation journal cs1">John S. Koehler, Historian, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Weatherly,_Pa.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weatherly, Pa. (page does not exist)">Weatherly, Pa.</a> (February 17, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://himedo.net/TheHopkinThomasProject/TimeLine/IndustrialRevAmerica/Railroads/BeaverMeadowRR/KoehlerAccount/KoehlerBMRRHistory.htm">"Beaver Meadow Railroad Blazed Trails for Coal"</a>. <i>The Hopkin Thomas Project, Timelines Industrial America</i> (Railroad Portraits, Beaver Meadow Railroad)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 12,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hopkin+Thomas+Project%2C+Timelines+Industrial+America&rft.atitle=Beaver+Meadow+Railroad+Blazed+Trails+for+Coal&rft.issue=Railroad+Portraits%2C+Beaver+Meadow+Railroad&rft.date=1984-02-17&rft.au=John+S.+Koehler%2C+Historian%2C+Weatherly%2C+Pa.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhimedo.net%2FTheHopkinThomasProject%2FTimeLine%2FIndustrialRevAmerica%2FRailroads%2FBeaverMeadowRR%2FKoehlerAccount%2FKoehlerBMRRHistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dingham-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dingham_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott_W._Fausti" class="citation journal cs1">Scott W. Fausti. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://himedo.net/TheHopkinThomasProject/TimeLine/GenealogyPortraits/SamuelDIngham.htm">"Samuel Delucenna Ingham"</a>. <i>The Hopkin Thomas Project</i> (Genealogy Portraits, Rev July 2010)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 12,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hopkin+Thomas+Project&rft.atitle=Samuel+Delucenna+Ingham&rft.issue=Genealogy+Portraits%2C+Rev+July+2010&rft.au=Scott+W.+Fausti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhimedo.net%2FTheHopkinThomasProject%2FTimeLine%2FGenealogyPortraits%2FSamuelDIngham.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ceasar, <i>History of Ingham County</i>, p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trentonhistory.org/streets.html">"Trenton Historical Society, New Jersey"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trenton+Historical+Society%2C+New+Jersey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trentonhistory.org%2Fstreets.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressI000022" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000022">"Samuel D. Ingham (id: I000022)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Samuel+D.+Ingham+%28id%3A+I000022%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DI000022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRemini1967" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_V._Remini" title="Robert V. Remini">Remini, Robert V.</a> (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/andrewjacksonban00remi"><i>Andrew Jackson and the Bank War</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton_%26_Company" title="W. W. Norton & Company">W. W. Norton & Company</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/andrewjacksonban00remi/page/52">52–59</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393097573" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393097573"><bdi>978-0393097573</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Andrew+Jackson+and+the+Bank+War&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=52-59&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=978-0393097573&rft.aulast=Remini&rft.aufirst=Robert+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fandrewjacksonban00remi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRemini1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_V._Remini" title="Robert V. Remini">Remini, Robert V.</a> (1991). <i>Henry Clay: Statesman for the Union</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton_%26_Company" title="W. W. Norton & Company">W. W. Norton & Company</a>. pp. 267–340. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393030044" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393030044"><bdi>978-0393030044</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henry+Clay%3A+Statesman+for+the+Union&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=267-340&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0393030044&rft.aulast=Remini&rft.aufirst=Robert+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahan2016" class="citation book cs1">Kahan, Paul (2016). <i>The Bank War: Andrew Jackson, Nicholas Biddle, and the Fight for American Finance</i>. <a href="/wiki/Yardley,_Pennsylvania" title="Yardley, Pennsylvania">Yardley, PA</a>: Westholme Publishing. pp. 63–84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1594162343" title="Special:BookSources/978-1594162343"><bdi>978-1594162343</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bank+War%3A+Andrew+Jackson%2C+Nicholas+Biddle%2C+and+the+Fight+for+American+Finance&rft.place=Yardley%2C+PA&rft.pages=63-84&rft.pub=Westholme+Publishing&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1594162343&rft.aulast=Kahan&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+D.+Ingham" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_D._Ingham&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Samuel_D._Ingham" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Samuel D. Ingham"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Samuel D. Ingham</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Finding aid to the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/d/ead/upenn_rbml_MsColl889">Samuel D. Ingham correspondence</a> at the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.library.upenn.edu/">University of Pennsylvania Libraries</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Crawford_(Pennsylvania)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Crawford (Pennsylvania)">William Crawford</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Pennsylvania">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district">Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Seat A</span> </b><br />1813–1818 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brown_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Robert Brown (Pennsylvania politician)">Robert Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jones_Rogers" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Jones Rogers">Thomas Rogers</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Moore_(congressman)" title="Samuel Moore (congressman)">Samuel Moore</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Rhea" title="John Rhea">John Rhea</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Post_Office_and_Post_Roads" title="United States House Committee on Post Office and Post Roads">House Post Office Committee</a> </b><br />1815–1818 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Livermore" title="Arthur Livermore">Arthur Livermore</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Moore_(congressman)" title="Samuel Moore (congressman)">Samuel Moore</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Pennsylvania">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district">Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Seat A</span> </b><br />1822–1823 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jones_Rogers" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Jones Rogers">Thomas Rogers</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Harris_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Robert Harris (Pennsylvania politician)">Robert Harris</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Single seat</span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New seat</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Pennsylvania">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district">Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district</a> </b><br />1823–1829 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jones_Rogers" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Jones Rogers">Thomas Rogers</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Wolf" title="George Wolf">George Wolf</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ihrie_Jr." title="Peter Ihrie Jr.">Peter Ihrie Jr.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Telemachus_Johnson" title="John Telemachus Johnson">John Telemachus Johnson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Post_Office_and_Post_Roads" title="United States House Committee on Post Office and Post Roads">House Post Office Committee</a> </b><br />1825–1828 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_McKean" title="Samuel McKean">Samuel McKean</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a> </b><br />1829–1831 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">Louis McLane</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_the_treasury" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSecTreas" title="Template:USSecTreas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSecTreas" title="Template talk:USSecTreas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSecTreas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSecTreas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_the_treasury" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States secretaries of the treasury</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wolcott_Jr." title="Oliver Wolcott Jr.">Wolcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dexter" title="Samuel Dexter">Dexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gallatin" title="Albert Gallatin">Gallatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Campbell" title="George W. Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">McLane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Duane" title="William J. Duane">Duane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney">Taney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Woodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ewing" title="Thomas Ewing">Ewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Forward" title="Walter Forward">Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Spencer" class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Bibb" title="George M. Bibb">Bibb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Walker" title="Robert J. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Meredith" title="William M. Meredith">Meredith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Corwin" title="Thomas Corwin">Corwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Guthrie_(Kentucky_politician)" title="James Guthrie (Kentucky politician)">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell_Cobb" title="Howell Cobb">Cobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Francis_Thomas" title="Philip Francis Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_Dix" title="John Adams Dix">Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Fessenden" title="William P. Fessenden">Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McCulloch" title="Hugh McCulloch">McCulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">Boutwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Adams_Richardson" title="William Adams Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bristow" title="Benjamin Bristow">Bristow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_M._Morrill" title="Lot M. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Folger" title="Charles J. Folger">Folger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Q._Gresham" title="Walter Q. Gresham">Gresham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McCulloch" title="Hugh McCulloch">McCulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Manning" title="Daniel Manning">Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Fairchild" title="Charles S. Fairchild">Fairchild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Foster_(Ohio_politician)" title="Charles Foster (Ohio politician)">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Carlisle" title="John G. Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_J._Gage" title="Lyman J. Gage">Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._M._Shaw" title="L. M. Shaw">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">Cortelyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_MacVeagh" title="Franklin MacVeagh">MacVeagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gibbs_McAdoo" title="William Gibbs McAdoo">McAdoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Glass" title="Carter Glass">Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_F._Houston" title="David F. Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mellon" title="Andrew Mellon">Mellon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogden_L._Mills" title="Ogden L. Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Woodin" title="William H. Woodin">Woodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Morgenthau_Jr." title="Henry Morgenthau Jr.">Morgenthau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Vinson" title="Fred M. Vinson">Vinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Snyder" title="John Wesley Snyder">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Humphrey" title="George M. Humphrey">Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Anderson_(Texas_politician)" title="Robert B. Anderson (Texas politician)">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Douglas_Dillon" title="C. Douglas Dillon">Dillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Fowler" title="Henry H. Fowler">Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Barr" title="Joseph W. Barr">Barr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_M._Kennedy_(politician)" title="David M. Kennedy (politician)">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Connally" title="John Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Shultz" title="George Shultz">Shultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Simon" title="William E. Simon">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Michael_Blumenthal" title="W. Michael Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._William_Miller" title="G. William Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Regan" title="Donald Regan">Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Baker" title="James Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_F._Brady" title="Nicholas F. Brady">Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Bentsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rubin" title="Robert Rubin">Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Summers" title="Lawrence Summers">Summers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._O%27Neill" title="Paul H. O'Neill">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Snow" title="John W. Snow">Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Paulson" title="Henry Paulson">Paulson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Geithner" title="Timothy Geithner">Geithner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lew" title="Jack Lew">Lew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Mnuchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Yellen" title="Janet Yellen">Yellen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury"><img alt="Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/110px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/165px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/220px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="246" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_House_Committee_on_Post_Office_and_Civil_Service" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_House_Post_Office_and_Civil_Service_chairs" title="Template:US House Post Office and Civil Service chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_House_Post_Office_and_Civil_Service_chairs" title="Template talk:US House Post Office and Civil Service chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_House_Post_Office_and_Civil_Service_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US House Post Office and Civil Service chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_House_Committee_on_Post_Office_and_Civil_Service" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Post_Office_and_Post_Roads" title="United States House Committee on Post Office and Post Roads">United States House Committee on Post Office and Civil Service</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post Office and Post Roads <br /> (1808–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Rhea" title="John Rhea">Rhea</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Livermore" title="Arthur Livermore">Livermore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Johnson_(congressman)" title="Francis Johnson (congressman)">F. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Telemachus_Johnson" title="John Telemachus Johnson">J. Johnson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_McKean" title="Samuel McKean">McKean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mentor_Johnson" title="Richard Mentor Johnson">R. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_William_Connor" title="Henry William Connor">Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Iver_McKay" class="mw-redirect" title="James Iver McKay">McKay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_N._Briggs" title="George N. Briggs">Briggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Hopkins" title="George Washington Hopkins">Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Goggin" title="William L. Goggin">Goggin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emery_D._Potter" title="Emery D. Potter">Potter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edson_B._Olds" title="Edson B. Olds">Olds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Mace_(politician)" title="Daniel Mace (politician)">Mace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hayden_English" title="William Hayden English">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Alley" title="John B. Alley">Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Farnsworth" title="John F. Farnsworth">Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Black_Packer" class="mw-redirect" title="John Black Packer">Packer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bullock_Clark_Jr." title="John Bullock Clark Jr.">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Moore_Waddell" title="Alfred Moore Waddell">Waddell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hernando_Money" title="Hernando Money">Money</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Bingham" title="Henry H. Bingham">Bingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hernando_Money" title="Hernando Money">Money</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Henderson_Blount" title="James Henderson Blount">Blount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Bingham" title="Henry H. Bingham">Bingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Henderson" title="John S. Henderson">J. Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_F._Loud" title="Eugene F. Loud">Loud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Overstreet" title="Jesse Overstreet">Overstreet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Weeks" title="John W. Weeks">Weeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Moon" title="John A. Moon">Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halvor_Steenerson" title="Halvor Steenerson">Steenerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Walton_Griest" class="mw-redirect" title="William Walton Griest">Griest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archie_D._Sanders" title="Archie D. Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Mead" title="James M. Mead">Mead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_A._Romjue" title="Milton A. Romjue">Romjue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_G._Burch" title="Thomas G. Burch">Burch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._O%27Brien" title="George D. O'Brien">O'Brien</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States House of Representatives"><img alt="Seal of the United States House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/135px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/180px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">(Reform in the) Civil Service* <br /> (1893–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Andrew" title="John F. Andrew">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._De_Forest" title="Robert E. De Forest">De Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriott_Henry_Brosius" class="mw-redirect" title="Marriott Henry Brosius">Brosius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_H._Gillett" title="Frederick H. Gillett">Gillett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Lafayette_Godwin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hannibal Lafayette Godwin">Godwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Hamill" title="James A. Hamill">Hamill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Lafayette_Godwin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hannibal Lafayette Godwin">Godwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_R._Lehlbach" title="Frederick R. Lehlbach">Lehlbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Jeffers" title="Lamar Jeffers">Jeffers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ramspeck" title="Robert Ramspeck">Ramspeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennings_Randolph" title="Jennings Randolph">Randolph</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post Office and Civil Service <br /> (1947–1995)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Herbert_Rees" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Herbert Rees">Rees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_J._Murray" title="Tom J. Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Herbert_Rees" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Herbert Rees">Rees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_J._Murray" title="Tom J. Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_J._Dulski" title="Thaddeus J. Dulski">Dulski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_N._Henderson" title="David N. Henderson">D. Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_N._C._Nix_Sr." title="Robert N. C. Nix Sr.">Nix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Hanley" title="James M. Hanley">Hanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Ford" title="William D. Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clay" title="Bill Clay">Clay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Note</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><sup>*</sup>Name shortened from <b>Reform in the Civil Service</b> to <b>Civil Service</b> in 1925.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_Andrew_Jackson_(1829–1837)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jackson_cabinet" title="Template:Jackson cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jackson_cabinet" title="Template talk:Jackson cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jackson_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jackson cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_Andrew_Jackson_(1829–1837)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> (1829–1837)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Livingston" title="Edward Livingston">Edward Livingston</a> (1831–1833)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">Louis McLane</a> (1833–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(politician)" title="John Forsyth (politician)">John Forsyth</a> (1834–1837)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/100px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/150px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/200px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="739" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Samuel D. Ingham</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">Louis McLane</a> (1831–1833)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Duane" title="William J. Duane">William J. Duane</a> (1833)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney">Roger B. Taney</a> (1833–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Levi Woodbury</a> (1834–1837)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Eaton_(politician)" title="John Eaton (politician)">John Eaton</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Lewis Cass</a> (1831–1836)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Berrien" title="John M. Berrien">John M. Berrien</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney">Roger B. Taney</a> (1831–1833)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Butler_(lawyer)" title="Benjamin Franklin Butler (lawyer)">Benjamin Franklin Butler</a> (1833–1837)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_T._Barry" title="William T. Barry">William T. Barry</a> (1829–1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Kendall" title="Amos Kendall">Amos Kendall</a> (1835–1837)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Branch" title="John Branch">John Branch</a> (1829–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Levi Woodbury</a> (1831–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlon_Dickerson" title="Mahlon Dickerson">Mahlon Dickerson</a> (1834–1837)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" 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