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for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc" class=""><span>Far un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Carbon" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri" class=""><span>Crear un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Carbon" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connectar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aisinas personalas" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aisinas personalas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc"><span>Far un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Carbon" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Carbon" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. 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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Composicion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composicion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Composicion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composicion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origina_del_carbon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origina_del_carbon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Origina del carbon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origina_del_carbon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istòria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istòria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Istòria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usatge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usatge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Usatge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usatge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efèctes_sus_l'environament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efèctes_sus_l'environament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Efèctes sus l'environament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efèctes_sus_l'environament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegats_tanben" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegats_tanben"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vegats tanben</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegats_tanben-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligams_extèrnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligams_extèrnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Ligams extèrnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligams_extèrnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Carbon</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 126 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-126" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">126 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steenkool" title="Steenkool - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Steenkool" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B3n" title="Carbón - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Carbón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%85_%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="فحم حجري - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فحم حجري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="কয়লা - assamès" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কয়লা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B3n" title="Carbón - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Carbón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%27illima" title="K'illima - aimara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="K'illima" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6m%C3%BCr" title="Kömür - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kömür" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal" title="Coal - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Coal" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Вугаль - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вугаль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Вугаль - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вугаль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A8ngkul" title="Stèngkul - betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Stèngkul" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B0" title="Въглища - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Въглища" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="कोइला - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कोइला" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batu_arang" title="Batu arang - banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Batu arang" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="কয়লা - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কয়লা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaou" title="Glaou - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Glaou" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugalj" title="Ugalj - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ugalj" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B3" title="Carbó - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carbó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%27ose" title="Ho'ose - xeiene" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Ho'ose" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="xeiene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%95%DA%B5%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B2" title="خەڵووز - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خەڵووز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhl%C3%AD" title="Uhlí - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Uhlí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%95%D1%80_%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BC%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BA%C4%95" title="Çĕр кăмрăкĕ - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çĕр кăмрăкĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glo" title="Glo - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Glo" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kul_(bjergart)" title="Kul (bjergart) - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kul (bjergart)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohle" title="Kohle - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kohle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82_(%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF)" title="Γαιάνθρακας (καύσιμο) - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γαιάνθρακας (καύσιμο)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B2%E1%B9%85" title="Carbòṅ - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Carbòṅ" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal" title="Coal - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Coal" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbo" title="Karbo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Karbo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B3n" title="Carbón - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carbón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kivis%C3%BCsi" title="Kivisüsi - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kivisüsi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrikatz" title="Harrikatz - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Harrikatz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF" title="زغال‌سنگ - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زغال‌سنگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kivihiili" title="Kivihiili - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kivihiili" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kol" title="Kol - feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kol" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charbon" title="Charbon - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Charbon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6%C3%B6l" title="Kööl - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kööl" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cjarbon" title="Cjarbon - friolan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Cjarbon" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friolan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gual" title="Gual - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gual" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gual" title="Gual - gaelic escossés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Gual" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelic escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B3n" title="Carbón - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Carbón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B2i-than" title="Mòi-than - xinès hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mòi-than" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="xinès hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%97%D7%9D" title="פחם - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פחם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="कोयला - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कोयला" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljen" title="Ugljen - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ugljen" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabon" title="Chabon - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Chabon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%91sz%C3%A9n" title="Kőszén - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kőszén" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AD" title="Ածուխ - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ածուխ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AD" title="Ածուխ - arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ածուխ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batu_bara" title="Batu bara - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Batu bara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbono" title="Karbono - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Karbono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kol" title="Kol - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kol" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbone" title="Carbone - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carbone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%82%AD" title="石炭 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="石炭" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areng_watu" title="Areng watu - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Areng watu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="ნახშირი (წიაღისეული) - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნახშირი (წიაღისეული)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Көмір - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көмір" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81" title="ಕಲ್ಲಿದ್ದಲು - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಲ್ಲಿದ್ದಲು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9D%ED%83%84" title="석탄 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="석탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D9%95%D9%86%D8%A0" title="ژٕنؠ - cashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ژٕنؠ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%AF%D1%80" title="Көмүр - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Көмүр" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbo" title="Carbo - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carbo" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D3%80" title="ХъуручӀ - Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="ХъуручӀ" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjteekoal" title="Sjteekoal - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjteekoal" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon - lígur" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="lígur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbun" title="Carbun - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Carbun" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%96%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%99" title="ຖ່ານຫີນ - laosian" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຖ່ານຫີນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akmens_anglis" title="Akmens anglis - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Akmens anglis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akme%C5%86ogles" title="Akmeņogles - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Akmeņogles" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arintany" title="Arintany - malgash" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Arintany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Јаглен - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јаглен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF" title="കൽക്കരി - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൽക്കരി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81" title="Нүүрс - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нүүрс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="कोळसा - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कोळसा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arang_batu" title="Arang batu - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arang batu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8" title="ကျောက်မီးသွေး - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကျောက်မီးသွေး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teconalli" title="Teconalli - Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Teconalli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="कोइला - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कोइला" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="ह्यंग्वा - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ह्यंग्वा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steenkool" title="Steenkool - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Steenkool" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kol" title="Kol - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kol" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kull" title="Kull - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kull" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ts%C3%A9k%C7%AB%CA%BC" title="Tsékǫʼ - navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tsékǫʼ" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Æвзалы - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æвзалы" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE" title="ਕੋਲਾ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੋਲਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon - picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohl" title="Kohl - alemany pennsilvanià" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Kohl" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="alemany pennsilvanià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C4%99gle_kopalne" title="Węgle kopalne - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Węgle kopalne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A7" title="کوئلا - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کوئلا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%89%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="ډبرين سکاره - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ډبرين سکاره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carv%C3%A3o_mineral" title="Carvão mineral - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carvão mineral" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%27illimsa" title="K'illimsa - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="K'illimsa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%83rbune" title="Cărbune - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cărbune" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A2rbuni" title="Cârbuni - aromanès" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Cârbuni" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ископаемый уголь - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ископаемый уголь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Угля - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Угля" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%81_%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%85" title="Таас чох - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Таас чох" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cravuni" title="Cravuni - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cravuni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljen" title="Ugljen - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ugljen" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal" title="Coal - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Coal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhlie" title="Uhlie - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Uhlie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premog" title="Premog - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Premog" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhuxul_Dhagax" title="Dhuxul Dhagax - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dhuxul Dhagax" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qymyri" title="Qymyri - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Qymyri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%99" title="Угаљ - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Угаљ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batubara" title="Batubara - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Batubara" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kol_(br%C3%A4nsle)" title="Kol (bränsle) - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kol (bränsle)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makaa_mawe" title="Makaa mawe - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Makaa mawe" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="நிலக்கரி - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிலக்கரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81" title="బొగ్గు - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బొగ్గు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82" title="Ангишт - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ангишт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ถ่านหิน - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ถ่านหิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon_(bato)" title="Karbon (bato) - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Karbon (bato)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6m%C3%BCr" title="Kömür - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kömür" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Вугілля - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вугілля" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84%DB%81" title="کوئلہ - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کوئلہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%CA%BBmir" title="Koʻmir - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Koʻmir" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Than_%C4%91%C3%A1" title="Than đá - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Than đá" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoye" title="Hoye - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Hoye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uring" title="Uring - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Uring" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%85%A4" title="煤 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="煤" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%85%A4" title="煤 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="煤" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%85%A4" title="煤 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="煤" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%B4%CD%98-tho%C3%A0%E2%81%BF" title="Thô͘-thoàⁿ - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thô͘-thoàⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%85%A4" title="煤 - cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="煤" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q24489#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificar los ligams interlenga" class="wbc-editpage">Modificar los ligams</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacis de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Veire l’article [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discutir:Carbon&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion a prepaus d'aquesta pagina (la pagina existís pas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">occitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichatges"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carbon"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=history" title="Los autors e versions precedentas d'aquesta pagina. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bóstia d'aisinas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bóstia d'aisinas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aisinas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai d'opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carbon"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=history"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generau </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Paginas_ligadas/Carbon" title="Lista de las paginas ligadas a aquesta. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Paginas connèxas</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguit_dels_ligams/Carbon" rel="nofollow" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments de las paginas ligadas a aquesta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Seguit dels ligams</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=oc" title="Mandar un imatge o fichièr mèdia sul servidor [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Importar un fichièr</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Paginas_especialas" title="Lista de totas las paginas especialas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Paginas especialas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&oldid=2448587" title="Ligam permanent cap a aquesta version de la pagina"><span>Ligam permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=info" title="Mai d’informacion sus aquesta pagina"><span>Informacion sus la pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&page=Carbon&id=2448587&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacions sus cossí citar aquesta pagina"><span>Citar aqueste article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Foc.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarbon"><span>Obténer una URL acorchida</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Foc.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarbon"><span>Telecargar lo còdi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir / exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Carbon"><span>Crear un libre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Carbon&action=show-download-screen"><span>Telecargar coma PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&printable=yes" title="Version imprimibla d'aquesta pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimibla</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dins d'autres projèctes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Coal" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q24489" title="Ligam cap a l’element de referencial de las donadas connectadas [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coal_anthracite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coal_anthracite.jpg/250px-Coal_anthracite.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Coal_anthracite.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="337" /></a><figcaption>Antracit</figcaption></figure> <p>Lo <b>carbon</b> es una <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2ca_sediment%C3%A0ria" title="Ròca sedimentària">ròca sedimentària</a> d'origina organica, de color negre o marron escur. Servís subretot coma <a href="/wiki/Combustible_fossil" title="Combustible fossil">combustible fossil</a> a causa de son <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poder_calorific&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poder calorific (la pagina existís pas)">poder calorific</a> enauçat mercé a son contengut majoritari de <a href="/wiki/Carb%C3%B2ni" title="Carbòni">carbòni</a>. </p><p>Durant plusors milions d'annadas, l'acumulacion e la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sedimentacion (la pagina existís pas)">sedimentacion</a> de brigalhs vegetals dins un environament de tipe <a href="/wiki/Torbi%C3%A8ra" title="Torbièra">torbièra</a> provoquèt una modificacion graduala de las condicions de <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Pression" title="Pression">pression</a> e d'<a href="/wiki/Reaccion_d%27oxidoreduccion" title="Reaccion d'oxidoreduccion">oxidoreduccion</a> dins lo jaç de carbon que menèt, per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbonizacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonizacion (la pagina existís pas)">carbonizacion</a>, a la formacion de compausats de mai en mai rics en carbòni : la <a href="/wiki/Torba" title="Torba">torba</a> (mens de 50 %), lo <a href="/wiki/Lignit" title="Lignit">lignit</a> (50 à 60 %), la <a href="/wiki/Olha" title="Olha">olha</a> (60 à 90 %) e l'<a href="/wiki/Antracit" title="Antracit">antracit</a> (93 à 97 %). La formacion dels <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaciment_(geologia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaciment (geologia) (la pagina existís pas)">jaciments</a> pus importants de carbon comencèt al <a href="/wiki/Carbonif%C3%A8r" title="Carbonifèr">Carbonifèr</a>, de <span class="nowrap">−360 a −295 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Milion_d%27annadas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Milion d'annadas (la pagina existís pas)">Ma</a></span>. </p><p>Las resèrvas mondialas de carbon son estimadas a <span class="nowrap">22 436 EJ</span> (<a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">exajoules</a>) fin 2020, dont 25,8 % als <a href="/wiki/Estats_Units" class="mw-redirect" title="Estats Units">Estats Units</a>, 15,5 % en <a href="/wiki/China" class="mw-disambig" title="China">China</a>, 12,5 % en <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, 12,1 % en <a href="/wiki/Austr%C3%A0lia" title="Austràlia">Austràlia</a> e 12,0 % en <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a>, siá <span class="nowrap">134 ans</span> de produccion al ritme de 2021 ; aquesta produccion es a 87,7 % situada dins sièis païses : China (50,8 %), <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (9,0 %), <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a> (8,0 %), <a href="/wiki/Austr%C3%A0lia" title="Austràlia">Austràlia</a> (7,4 %), los Estats-Units (7,0 %) e Russia (5,5 %) ; progressèt de 146 % en <span class="nowrap">47 ans</span> (1973-2020) malgrat de baissas en 2015, en 2016 e en 2020, ont la crisa ligada a la pandemia de Covid-19 o faguèt caire de 4,8 %. L'AIE prevei que la produccion mondiala deuriá èsser establa entre 2018 e 2023, la baissa de la consomacion en Euròpa e America del nòrd essent compensada per son aumentacion en Índia e en <a href="/wiki/Asia_del_Sud-%C3%88st" title="Asia del Sud-Èst">Asia del Sud-Èst</a>. </p><p>Son extraccion faguèt venir possible la <a href="/wiki/Revolucion_industriala" title="Revolucion industriala">revolucion industriala</a> als sègles XVIII e XIX. Sa combustion engendrèt 44,0 % de las <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emission_de_dioxid_de_carb%C3%B2ni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emission de dioxid de carbòni (la pagina existís pas)">emissions de CO2</a> degudas a l'energia en 2019, contre 33,7 % per lo petròli e 21,6 % per lo gas natural. Per aténher l'objectiu de las <a href="/w/index.php?title=Convention-cadre_des_Nations_unies_sur_les_changements_climatiques&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convention-cadre des Nations unies sur les changements climatiques (la pagina existís pas)">negociacions internacionalas sul clima</a> de manténer l'auça de las temperaturas en deçà de <span title="35,6°F 275,2K">2 <a href="/wiki/Gra_Celsius" title="Gra Celsius">°C</a></span> respècte a l'èra preindustriala, caldriá globalament s'abstenir d'extraire mai de 80 % del carbon disponible dins lo sossòl mondial, d'aiçi a 2050. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Tagebau_Garzweiler_Panorama_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tagebau_Garzweiler_Panorama_2005.jpg/1000px-Tagebau_Garzweiler_Panorama_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="1000" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tagebau_Garzweiler_Panorama_2005.jpg/1500px-Tagebau_Garzweiler_Panorama_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tagebau_Garzweiler_Panorama_2005.jpg/2000px-Tagebau_Garzweiler_Panorama_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="12000" data-file-height="1370" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composicion">Composicion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Composicion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Composicion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'element <a href="/wiki/Carb%C3%B2ni" title="Carbòni">carbòni</a> apareis dins lo carbon dins un percentatge superior a 50% en <a href="/wiki/Pes" title="Pes">pes</a> e 70% en <a href="/wiki/Volum" title="Volum">volum</a>. L'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a> que conten (<a href="/wiki/Umiditat" title="Umiditat">umiditat</a>) es variable e es aquela que demorèt atrapada dempuèi la formacion del carbon. </p><p>Los autres constituents del carbon son la matèria <a href="/wiki/Mineral" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineral">minerala</a> (<a href="/wiki/Silicat" title="Silicat">silicats</a> divèrses) e minerals <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbonat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonat (la pagina existís pas)">carbonatats</a> (<a href="/wiki/Siderita" title="Siderita">siderita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calcita" title="Calcita">calcita</a> e <a href="/wiki/Aragonita" title="Aragonita">aragonita</a>). La <a href="/wiki/Pirita" title="Pirita">pirita</a> es un mineral amb <a href="/wiki/Sofre" title="Sofre">sofre</a> fòrça comun dins los carbons. I a de pichonas quantitats de <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metals</a>, coma lo <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A8rre" title="Fèrre">fèrre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urani" title="Urani">urani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cadmi" title="Cadmi">cadmi</a> e, en quantitats fòrça minimas, <a href="/wiki/Aur" title="Aur">aur</a>. </p><p>Lo <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metan</a> es un <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> que se tròba dins lo carbon e pòt èsser una de las causas de las dangeirosas explosions dins las <a href="/wiki/Mina" class="mw-disambig" title="Mina">minas</a> sosterranhas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origina_del_carbon">Origina del carbon</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Origina del carbon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Origina del carbon"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La majora partida del carbon se seriá formada al <a href="/wiki/Carbonif%C3%A8r" title="Carbonifèr">Carbonifèr</a> (fa 280 a 345 milions d'annadas). Tanben al <a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">Triassic</a> e <a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">Jurassic</a> se faguèt de grands depauses. Al <a href="/wiki/Cretac%C3%A8u" title="Cretacèu">Cretacèu</a> se formèt lo <a href="/wiki/Lignit" title="Lignit">lignit</a>. A l'ora d'ara se continua la formacion de <a href="/wiki/Torba" title="Torba">torba</a>. </p><p>Lo carbon d'<a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, e de l'<a href="/wiki/America_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="America del Nòrd">America del Nòrd</a> se formèt subretot pendent lo Carbonifèr amb basa de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vegetacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vegetacion (la pagina existís pas)">vegetacion</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropical (la pagina existís pas)">tropicala</a>. </p><p>Lo carbon de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Emisf%C3%A8ri_sud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emisfèri sud (la pagina existís pas)">emisfèri sud</a> se formèt amb vegetacion de <a href="/wiki/Clima" title="Clima">clima</a> fred (<a href="/wiki/Tondra" title="Tondra">tondra</a>). Las <a href="/wiki/Plantas" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantas">plantas</a> anticas a travèrs dels cambiaments <a href="/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia">geologics</a> demorèron compactadas, enduridas, alteradas quimicament e comencèt un procèssus de metamorfòsi amb la nauta <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> e la <a href="/wiki/Pression" title="Pression">pression</a>. </p><p>Lo carbon de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Emisf%C3%A8ri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emisfèri (la pagina existís pas)">emisfèri</a> nòrd se formèt dins d'<a href="/wiki/Ecosist%C3%A8ma" title="Ecosistèma">ecosistèmas</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palunenc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palunenc (la pagina existís pas)">palunencs</a> nomenats <i>selvas carbonifèras</i>. En mortissent las plantas e amb acumulacion dins un mejan aqüatic amb pauc d'<a href="/wiki/Oxig%C3%A8n" title="Oxigèn">oxigèn</a> (mejan anaeròbis) comencèt un procèssus de degradacion <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacteria">bacteriana</a>. Per la formacion del carbon cal qu'aquelas condicions ajan una durada sufisenta de <a href="/wiki/Temps" title="Temps">temps</a>, e sens <a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">erosion</a> en condicions <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">sedimentàrias</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istòria"><span id="Ist.C3.B2ria"></span>Istòria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Istòria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Istòria"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Las <a href="/wiki/Illas_Britanicas" title="Illas Britanicas">Illas Britanicas</a> (especialament ricas en carbon e ont s'inicièt la <a href="/wiki/Revolucion_industriala" title="Revolucion industriala">Revolucion industriala</a>) son lo primièr luòc estudiat ont se constata l'usatge d'aquel coma <a href="/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible">combustible</a>. Alà, dins lo tresen millenari ab. C se mostrèt qu'èra un compausant de las cremasons funerarias e cap a l'an 200 ab. C existisson de pròvas, dins la meteissa zòna, d'activitat comercialas e de son usatge per dessecar <a href="/wiki/Cereala" title="Cereala">cerealas</a>. Jos la dominacion <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">romana</a> i a de mencions de l'usatge esporadic del carbon, mas fins a l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a> aviá pas una importància notable. D'en primièr lo carbon utilizat foguèt simplament recolhit sus la <a href="/wiki/Plaja" title="Plaja">plaja</a>, quand s'esgotèt aquela font se passèt a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carboni%C3%A8ra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonièra (la pagina existís pas)">carbonièra</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usatge">Usatge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Usatge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Usatge"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible">Combustible</a>: 75% del carbon mondial s'utiliza per produire d'<a href="/wiki/Electricitat" title="Electricitat">electricitat</a> en de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centrala_termica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centrala termica (la pagina existís pas)">centralas termicas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%B2c&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Còc (la pagina existís pas)">Còc</a>: es lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resid%C3%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Residú (la pagina existís pas)">residú</a> obtengut del carbon bituminós redusit en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cendres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cendres (la pagina existís pas)">cendres</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Sofre" title="Sofre">sofre</a> aprèp la coseson dins un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forn (la pagina existís pas)">forn</a> a <span class="nowrap">1 000 °C</span> en condicions anaerobias (sens preséncia d'oxigèn). S'utiliza dins l'obtencion d'<a href="/wiki/Aci%C3%A8r" title="Acièr">acièr</a> e en mai en profeitant dels <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosproduit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sosproduit (la pagina existís pas)">sosproduits</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gasificacion_del_carbon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gasificacion del carbon (la pagina existís pas)">gasificacion del carbon</a>: aquel cambiament d'estat provòca divèrsas reaccions quimicas.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liquefaccion_del_carbon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liquefaccion del carbon (la pagina existís pas)">Liquefaccion del carbon</a>: es una estapa intermediària per obtenir de <a href="/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible">combustibles</a> sintetics e dins la recèrca scientifica.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Efèctes_sus_l'environament"><span id="Ef.C3.A8ctes_sus_l.27environament"></span>Efèctes sus l'environament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Efèctes sus l'environament" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Efèctes sus l'environament"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coma los autres <a href="/wiki/Combustible_fossil" title="Combustible fossil">combustibles fossils</a>, lo carbon, en cremant, produsís <a href="/wiki/Dioxid_de_carb%C3%B2ni" title="Dioxid de carbòni">dioxid de carbòni</a> (CO<sub>2</sub>) e <a href="/wiki/Oxid_d%27az%C3%B2t" title="Oxid d'azòt">oxid d'azòt</a>, en mai <a href="/wiki/Dioxid_de_sofre" class="mw-redirect" title="Dioxid de sofre">dioxid de sofre</a>, que acaba formant <a href="/wiki/Acid_sulfuric" title="Acid sulfuric">acid sulfuric</a> e es una de las encausas de la <a href="/wiki/Plueja_acida" title="Plueja acida">pluèja acida</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegats_tanben">Vegats tanben</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Vegats tanben" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Vegats tanben"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carboni%C3%A8ra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonièra (la pagina existís pas)">Carbonièra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_vegetal" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon vegetal">Carbon vegetal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligams_extèrnes"><span id="Ligams_ext.C3.A8rnes"></span>Ligams extèrnes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Ligams extèrnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Ligams extèrnes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint wikiligam_alternatiu" style="clear:right; float:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em;width:250px;border:solid #AAAAAA 1px; background:#f9f9f9;padding:0px;font-size:90%;text-align:left;"> <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td style="line-height:50px;vertical-align:middle;position:relative" align="center" valign="middle"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="commons:"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/75px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/100px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </p> </td> <td valign="middle"> <p><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> prepausa de documents multimèdia liures sus <b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Coal?uselang=oc">Carbon</a></b>.</span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcoal.org">World Coal Institute</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En espanhòl">(<abbr title="">es</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120813210444/http://www.carbon.asturi.as/">El carbón en la vida cotidiana</a><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En espanhòl">(<abbr title="">es</abbr>)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090518143559/http://www.worldcoal.org/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=187">Coal: Facts & Figures</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130120062548/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5174391/">MSNBC report on coal pollution health effects in the United States</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050621112309/http://www.uic.com.au//nip83.htm">Clean coal technologies</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100809105829/http://www.jcoal.or.jp/overview_en/gijutsu.html">Advanced methods of using coal</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Japanese_Coal_Energy_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japanese Coal Energy Center (la pagina existís pas)">Japanese Coal Energy Center</a>)</li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130303040016/http://www.fe.doe.gov/programs/fuels/hydrogen/Hydrogen_from_Coal_R%26D.html">USDOE Hydrogen from Coal Research</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grisda.org/origins/51006.htm">Carbon-14 content of fossil carbon</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/07349343.asp">Coal Preparation</a>, Journal of;</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carbon&oldid=2448587">https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carbon&oldid=2448587</a> »</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias de la pagina</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Paginas_amb_arguments_formatnum_non_numerics" title="Categoria:Paginas amb arguments formatnum non numerics">Paginas amb arguments formatnum non numerics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Mod%C3%A8l_infobox" title="Categoria:Modèl infobox">Modèl infobox</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Carbon_e_derivats" title="Categoria:Carbon e derivats">Carbon e derivats</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:R%C3%B2cas_sediment%C3%A0rias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Ròcas sedimentàrias (la pagina existís pas)">Ròcas sedimentàrias</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ressorsa_naturala" title="Categoria:Ressorsa naturala">Ressorsa naturala</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoria amagada : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_utilizant_lo_mod%C3%A8l_Commons" title="Categoria:Article utilizant lo modèl Commons">Article utilizant lo modèl Commons</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Aquela pagina es estada modificada pel darrièr còp lo 10 setembre de 2024 a 02.49.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Drech_d%27autor" title="Wikipèdia:Drech d'autor">Drech d'autor</a> : Los tèxtes son disponibles jos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licéncia Creative Commons paternitat pertatge a l’identic</a> ; 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