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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Totas_las_paginas"><span>Indèx alfabetic</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Pagina_a_l%27azard" title="Afichar una pagina a l'azard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una pagina a l'azard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Contact-url"><span>contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuir" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuir" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuir </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Somari" title="L'endrech per s'assabentar."><span>Ajuda</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh" title="A prepaus del projècte, çò que podètz far, ont trobar d'informacions"><span>Comunautat</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Darri%C3%A8rs_cambiaments" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments sul wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Darrièrs cambiaments</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh_dels_nov%C3%A8ls_venguts"><span>Acuèlh dels novèls venguts</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Acu%C3%A8lh" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-oc.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'enciclopèdia liura" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-oc.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" 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l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc" class=""><span>Far un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Russia" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri" class=""><span>Crear un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Russia" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connectar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aisinas personalas" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aisinas personalas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc"><span>Far un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Russia" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Russia" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connectar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_contribucions" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_discussions" title="La pagina de discussion per aquesta adreça IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istòria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istòria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istòria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geografia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Geografia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Localizacion_e_frontieras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Localizacion_e_frontieras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Localizacion e frontieras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Localizacion_e_frontieras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografia_fisica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografia_fisica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Geografia fisica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografia_fisica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Clima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organizacion_politica_e_sociala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizacion_politica_e_sociala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organizacion politica e sociala</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organizacion_politica_e_sociala-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Organizacion politica e sociala</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organizacion_politica_e_sociala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Forma_de_l'Estat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forma_de_l'Estat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Forma de l'Estat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forma_de_l'Estat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simbòls_de_l'Estat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simbòls_de_l'Estat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Simbòls de l'Estat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simbòls_de_l'Estat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organizacion_territoriala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizacion_territoriala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Organizacion territoriala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizacion_territoriala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lengas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lengas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Lengas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lengas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Educacion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Educacion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Educacion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Educacion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Economia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Demografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Demografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agricultura_e_ressorsas_minieras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agricultura_e_ressorsas_minieras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Agricultura e ressorsas minieras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agricultura_e_ressorsas_minieras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indústria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indústria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Indústria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indústria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Servicis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Servicis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Servicis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Servicis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recèrca" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recèrca"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Recèrca</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recèrca-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diplomacia_e_defensa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diplomacia_e_defensa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Diplomacia e defensa</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Diplomacia_e_defensa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Diplomacia e defensa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Diplomacia_e_defensa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Apartenéncia_ais_institucions_internacionalas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apartenéncia_ais_institucions_internacionalas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Apartenéncia ais institucions internacionalas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apartenéncia_ais_institucions_internacionalas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politica_estrangiera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politica_estrangiera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Politica estrangiera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politica_estrangiera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fòrças_armadas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fòrças_armadas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Fòrças armadas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fòrças_armadas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_e_cultura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_e_cultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Arts e cultura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_e_cultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Russia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 320 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-320" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">320 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Урыстәыла - abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Урыстәыла" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - atjeh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="atjeh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Урысые - adigué" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Урысые" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adigué" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rusland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - aleman de Soïssa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="aleman de Soïssa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Россия - altaic meridional" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Россия" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="altaic meridional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%A9%E1%88%B2%E1%8B%AB" title="ሩሲያ - amaric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሩሲያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%E1%BB%8D%E1%B9%A3ia" title="Rọṣia - obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Rọṣia" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="रूस - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="रूस" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="روسيا - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روسيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%A3%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܪܘܣܝܐ - arameu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܪܘܣܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="روسيا - arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="روسيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="روسيا - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روسيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="ৰাছিয়া - assamès" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰাছিয়া" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russie" title="Russie - atacama" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Russie" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atacama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Россия - àvar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Россия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="àvar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossia" title="Rossia - kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Rossia" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="रूस - awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="रूस" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusiya" title="Rusiya - aimara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Rusiya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusiya" title="Rusiya - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rusiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87" title="روسیه - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="روسیه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D3%99%D1%81%D3%99%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Рәсәй Федерацияһы - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Рәсәй Федерацияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - balinés" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - bavarès" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ros%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Rosėjė - samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Rosėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Расія - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Расія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Расея - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Расея" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruslan" title="Ruslan - betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Ruslan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Русия - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Русия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="रूस - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रूस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasia" title="Rasia - bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Rasia" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ရသျားခမ်းထီ - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ရသျားခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risila" title="Risila - bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Risila" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="রাশিয়া - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨུ་རུ་སུ། - tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨུ་རུ་སུ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="রাশিয়া - bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="রাশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rusija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%95" title="ᨑᨘᨔᨗᨕ - buginés" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨑᨘᨔᨗᨕ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="buginés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Оросой холбоото улас - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Оросой холбоото улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BAssia" title="Rússia - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rússia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B2%CC%A4-l%C3%B2%CC%A4-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86" title="Ngò̤-lò̤-sṳ̆ - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ngò̤-lò̤-sṳ̆" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Росси - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Росси" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - cebuan" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%B2%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A2" title="ᏲᏂᎢ - cheroqui" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏲᏂᎢ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cheroqui" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - xeiene" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="xeiene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ڕووسیا - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕووسیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - còrs" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="còrs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusiye" title="Rusiye - tàtar de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Rusiye" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tàtar de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rusko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusk%C3%B4" title="Ruskô - caixubi" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ruskô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="caixubi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%A1%D1%81%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Рѡсїꙗ - eslavon" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Рѡсїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="eslavon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%C3%A7%C3%A7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Раççей Федерацийĕ - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Раççей Федерацийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwsia" title="Rwsia - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rwsia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="article recomanat"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rusland" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruccia" title="Ruccia - dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Ruccia" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusojska" title="Rusojska - baix sòrab" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Rusojska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="baix sòrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - dusun central" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="dusun central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="रूस - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="रूस" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%83%DE%AB%DE%90%DE%A9%DE%88%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%A7%DE%8C%DE%B0" title="ރޫސީވިލާތް - divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ރޫސީވިލާތް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B1%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%95%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%B1%E0%BD%93" title="ར་ཤི་ཡཱན་ཕེ་ཌི་རེ་ཤཱན - dzongka" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ར་ཤི་ཡཱན་ཕེ་ཌི་རེ་ཤཱན" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%89%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ρωσία - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρωσία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossia" title="Rossia - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Rossia" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusio" title="Rusio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rusio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venemaa" title="Venemaa - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Venemaa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errusia" title="Errusia - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Errusia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - extremeny" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremeny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87" title="روسیه - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روسیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roosiya" title="Roosiya - ful" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Roosiya" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="ful" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C3%A4j%C3%A4" title="Venäjä - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Venäjä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinnemaa" title="Vinnemaa - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Vinnemaa" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russie" title="Russie - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Russie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - francoprovençal" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="francoprovençal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruslun" title="Ruslun - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ruslun" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russie" title="Russie - friolan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Russie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friolan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusl%C3%A2n" title="Ruslân - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ruslân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_R%C3%BAis" title="An Rúis - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Rúis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusiya" title="Rusiya - gagaús" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Rusiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagaús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" title="俄羅斯 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="俄羅斯" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risi" title="Risi - créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Risi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ruis" title="An Ruis - gaelic escossés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Ruis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelic escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%87" title="رۊسيه - gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="رۊسيه" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rr%C3%BAsia" title="Rrúsia - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Rrúsia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="रूस - concani de Goa" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="रूस" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="concani de Goa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B3" title="𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 - gòtic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gòtic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="રશિયા - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રશિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Roosh" title="Yn Roosh - manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Roosh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasha" title="Rasha - haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Rasha" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B2-l%C3%B2-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%82" title="Ngò-lò-sṳ̂ - xinès hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngò-lò-sṳ̂" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="xinès hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%ABsia" title="Rūsia - hawaià" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Rūsia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="רוסיה - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="रूस - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रूस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rusija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruska" title="Ruska - naut sorab" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Ruska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="naut sorab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risi" title="Risi - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Risi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oroszorsz%C3%A1g" title="Oroszország - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Oroszország" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Ռուսաստան - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռուսաստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ռուսիա - arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ռուսիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpaghara_Russia" title="Mpaghara Russia - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mpaghara Russia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruusiq_(nuna)" title="Uruusiq (nuna) - inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Uruusiq (nuna)" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Эрсече - ingúix" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Эрсече" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingúix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BAssland" title="Rússland - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rússland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%85%E1%93%9B%E1%93%B4" title="ᐅᓛᓴ - inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐅᓛᓴ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2" title="ロシア - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロシア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosha" title="Rosha - crioll anglès de Jamaica" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Rosha" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="crioll anglès de Jamaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/rukygu%27e" title="rukygu'e - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="rukygu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruslan" title="Ruslan - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ruslan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="რუსეთი - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რუსეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossiya" title="Rossiya - karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Rossiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - cabil" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Урысей - kabardí" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Урысей" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruusii" title="Ruusii - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ruusii" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roshya" title="Roshya - tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Roshya" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racia" title="Racia - kikuiu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Racia" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuiu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Ресей - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ресей" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8" title="រុស្ស៊ី - cambojian" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រុស្ស៊ី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="cambojian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ರಷ್ಯಾ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಷ್ಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84" title="러시아 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="러시아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Рочму - komi-permiac" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Рочму" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Россия Федерация - karatxai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Россия Федерация" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatxai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%97%D8%B3" title="روٗس - cashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="روٗس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BBsya" title="Rûsya - curd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Rûsya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Рочму - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Рочму" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russi" title="Russi - cornic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Russi" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Орусия - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Орусия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - ladin" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - luxemborgés" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemborgés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Аьрасат - Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Аьрасат" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Урусат - lesguià" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Урусат" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesguià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwasha" title="Rwasha - ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Rwasha" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3slandj" title="Róslandj - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Róslandj" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B9scia" title="Rùscia - lígur" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Rùscia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="lígur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruscia" title="Ruscia - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ruscia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BCssia" title="Rüssia - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Rüssia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rus%C3%AD" title="Rusí - lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Rusí" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%8D" title="ປະເທດລັດເຊຍ - laosian" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດລັດເຊຍ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rusija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C4%ABveja" title="Krīveja - latgalien" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Krīveja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="latgalien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krievija" title="Krievija - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Krievija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - madurès" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="रूस - maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="रूस" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Россия мастор - mordovià moksa" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Россия мастор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mordovià moksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosia" title="Rosia - malgash" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rosia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Россий - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Россий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%ABhia" title="Rūhia - maòri" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Rūhia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maòri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Русија - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Русија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="റഷ്യ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റഷ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Орос - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Орос" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥ - manipurí" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC" title="ရုရှာ - Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ရုရှာ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="रशिया - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रशिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Россий - mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Россий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russja" title="Russja - maltés" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Russja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BAssia" title="Rússia - mirandés" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Rússia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ရုရှားနိုင်ငံ - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရုရှားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Россия Мастор - mordovià erza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Россия Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="mordovià erza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87" title="روسیه - mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="روسیه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - napolità" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruslaand" title="Ruslaand - baix saxó" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Ruslaand" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baix saxó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8" title="रुस - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रुस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8" title="रुस - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रुस" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rusland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8C%DF%AC%DF%99%DF%8C%DF%AC%DF%9B%DF%8C%DF%AB" title="ߌ߬ߙߌ߬ߛߌ߫ - n’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߌ߬ߙߌ߬ߛߌ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russie" title="Russie - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Russie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - sotho septentrional" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%CA%BC%C3%A9%C3%A9%CA%BC_%C5%81ich%C3%AD%C3%AD%CA%BC%C3%AD_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Biʼééʼ Łichííʼí Bikéyah - navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Biʼééʼ Łichííʼí Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%27a" title="Ven'a - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Ven'a" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raashiyaa" title="Raashiyaa - oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Raashiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%8B%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86" title="ଋଷିଆ - oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଋଷିଆ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%C3%A6%D1%80%C3%A6%D1%81%D0%B5" title="Уæрæсе - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Уæрæсе" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B8" title="ਰੂਸ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੂਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - papiament" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiament" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russie" title="Russie - picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Russie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossia" title="Rossia - pidgin de Nigèria" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Rossia" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="pidgin de Nigèria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - alemany pennsilvanià" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="alemany pennsilvanià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russland" title="Russland - alemany palatí" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Russland" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="alemany palatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="रूस - pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="रूस" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusha" title="Rusha - Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Rusha" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosja" title="Rosja - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rosja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="روس - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="روس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ρουσία - pòntic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ρουσία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="pòntic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87" title="روسیه - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="روسیه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BAssia" title="Rússia - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rússia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - romanch" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusiya" title="Rusiya - Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Rusiya" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uburusiya" title="Uburusiya - rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Uburusiya" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arusia" title="Arusia - aromanès" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Arusia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russie" title="Russie - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Russie" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Россия - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Россия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Росія - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Росія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uburusiya" title="Uburusiya - ruandès" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Uburusiya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="ruandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="रास्या - sanscrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रास्या" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%B0" title="Арассыыйа - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Арассыыйа" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ - santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B9ssia" title="Rùssia - sard" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Rùssia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roushie" title="Roushie - escossés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Roushie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="روس - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="روس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruo%C5%A1%C5%A1a" title="Ruošša - sami septentrional" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ruošša" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rus%C3%AFi" title="Rusïi - sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Rusïi" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rusija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - taixelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="taixelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းရတ်ႈသျႃး - xan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းရတ်ႈသျႃး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="xan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="රුසියාව - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රුසියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rusko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="روس - Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="روس" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rusija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruo%C5%A1%C5%A1%C3%A2" title="Ruoššâ - sami d’Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Ruoššâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami d’Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhashiya" title="Rhashiya - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Rhashiya" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruushka" title="Ruushka - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ruushka" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Русија - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Русија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland - sranan" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Rusland" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRashiya" title="IRashiya - swazi" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IRashiya" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swazi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashea" title="Rashea - soto del sud" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Rashea" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="soto del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruslound" title="Ruslound - saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Ruslound" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Rusia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryssland" title="Ryssland - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ryssland" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urusi" title="Urusi - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Urusi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusyjo" title="Rusyjo - silesià" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Rusyjo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="உருசியா - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உருசியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ರಷ್ಯಾ - toulou" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ರಷ್ಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="toulou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="రష్యా - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రష్యా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BAsia" title="Rúsia - tètum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Rúsia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tètum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Русия - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Русия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศรัสเซีย - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศรัสเซีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%A9%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%AB" title="ሩስያ - tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሩስያ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russi%C3%BDa" title="Russiýa - turcmèn" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Russiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcmèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urusij%C9%99t" title="Urusijət - talix" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Urusijət" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - setswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="setswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%ABsia" title="Lūsia - tongalès" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Lūsia" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasia" title="Rasia - tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Rasia" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhaxiya" title="Rhaxiya - tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Rhaxiya" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Россия - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Россия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia - twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Russia" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%ABtia" title="Rūtia - tahician" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Rūtia" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="tahician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Россия - tuvinià" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Россия" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Россия - udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Россия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="روسىيە - oigor" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="روسىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="oigor" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Росія - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Росія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="روس - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossiya" title="Rossiya - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rossiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashia" title="Rashia - venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Rashia" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B9sia" title="Rùsia - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Rùsia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C3%A4ma" title="Venäma - vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Venäma" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nga" title="Nga - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nga" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Rusland" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rus%C3%A4n" title="Rusän - volapuc" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Rusän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BBsseye" title="Rûsseye - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Rûsseye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rusya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riisi" title="Riisi - wòlof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Riisi" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wòlof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="俄罗斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B8%D1%86%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Орсин Ниицән - kalmoc" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Орсин Ниицән" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmoc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRashiya" title="IRashiya - xhòsa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IRashiya" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhòsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="რუსეთი - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რუსეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="רוסלאנד - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="רוסלאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%E1%BB%8D%CC%81s%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Rọ́síà - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Rọ́síà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngozlozswh" title="Ngozlozswh - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ngozlozswh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland - zelandès" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Rusland" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zelandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ - amazic estàndard marroquí" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazic estàndard marroquí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="俄罗斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" title="俄羅斯 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="俄羅斯" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%8D%CD%98-se-a" title="Lō͘-se-a - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lō͘-se-a" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" title="俄羅斯 - cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="俄羅斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRashiya" title="IRashiya - zólo" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IRashiya" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zólo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q159#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificar los ligams interlenga" class="wbc-editpage">Modificar los ligams</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacis de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Veire l’article [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discutir:Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion a prepaus d'aquesta pagina (la pagina existís pas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">occitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichatges"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Russia"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=history" title="Los autors e versions precedentas d'aquesta pagina. 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href="//oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Ti%C3%A8ra_de_1000_articles_que_totas_las_Wikip%C3%A8dias_deuri%C3%A1n_aver"><img alt="Tièra de 1000 articles que totas las Wikipèdias deurián aver." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/1000F.png/24px-1000F.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/1000F.png/36px-1000F.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/1000F.png/49px-1000F.png 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="908" /></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2444490">.mw-parser-output .infobox{background:#f9f9f9;color:#000;font-size:90%;line-height:1.6em;float:right;clear:right;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;width:23.7em;border:1px solid #c2c2c1;border-spacing:5px}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:super;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #c2c2c1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}@media only screen and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #e7e7e7}}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton .mw-collapsible-text{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia{border:1px solid #ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .mergedtoprow,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .mergedtoprow{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .mergedrow,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .mergedrow{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .mergedbottomrow,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .mergedbottomrow{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-geografia-text{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-geografia-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-geografia-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2444490"> <table class="infobox infobox geografia vcard" style="border-spacing:3.8px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;">Russia</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <div style="display:grid; grid-template-columns:auto 50%; align-items:center; text-align:center;"> <div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/180px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/240px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/113px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="517" /></a></span> </div> <div><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q16611" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q16611">Bandièra</a></div> <div><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q165508" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q165508">Escut d'armas</a></div></div> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Imne_nacional" title="Imne nacional">Imne</a>: “Государственный гимн Российской Федерации”<br /> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="140" style="width:140px;" data-durationhint="214" data-mwtitle="Russian_Anthem_chorus.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Russian_Anthem_chorus.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/Russian_Anthem_chorus.ogg/Russian_Anthem_chorus.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=ar&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية ‪(ar)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=av&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="av" label="авар ‪(av)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=az&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="az" label="azərbaycanca ‪(az)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=gl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="gl" label="galego ‪(gl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=hu&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="hu" label="magyar ‪(hu)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=it&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="it" label="italiano ‪(it)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=tr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tr" label="Türkçe ‪(tr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=tt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tt" label="татарча / tatarça ‪(tt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=zh-hans&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文（简体） ‪(zh-hans)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體） ‪(zh-hant)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ARussian_Anthem_chorus.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Localizacion"><img alt="Localizacion" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Russian_Federation_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/270px-Russian_Federation_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Russian_Federation_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/405px-Russian_Federation_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Russian_Federation_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/540px-Russian_Federation_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold">Capitala</div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a><br /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" title="Mapas, vistas aerianas, etc."><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=oc&pagename=Russia&params=66.42_N_94.25_E_"><span class="h-geo geo-dms"><data class="p-latitude" value="66.42">66° 25′ N</data>, <data class="p-longitude" value="94.25">94° 15′ E</data></span></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Lenga_oficiala" title="Lenga oficiala">Lengas oficialas</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Rus" title="Rus">Rus</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold">Gentilici</div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">rus (-sa)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccd2d9; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text"><a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_presidents_de_Russia" title="Lista dels presidents de Russia">President</a> <br /><br /><a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_primi%C3%A8rs_ministres_de_Russia" title="Lista dels primièrs ministres de Russia">Primièr Ministre</a></div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADmir_P%C3%B3tin" title="Vladímir Pótin">Vladímir Pótin</a> (Владимир Путин)<br /><a href="/wiki/Mikha%C3%AFl_Mishustin" title="Mikhaïl Mishustin">Mikhaïl Mishustin</a> (Михаил Мишустин)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Superf%C3%ADcia" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Superfícia">Superfícia</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_pa%C3%AFses_per_superf%C3%ADcia" title="Lista dels païses per superfícia"> 1<sup>en</sup></a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">• Totala </div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">17 098 242 <abbr title="quilometre(s) carrat(s)">km²</abbr></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccd2d9; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">• Aiga </div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">13 %</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Populacion" title="Populacion">Populacion</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_pa%C3%AFses_per_populacion" title="Lista dels païses per populacion">9<sup>en</sup></a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">• Totala (2015)</div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">143 975 923 ab.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccd2d9; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">• <a href="/wiki/Densitat_de_populacion" title="Densitat de populacion">Densitat</a></div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">8.4 ab./<abbr title="quilometre(s) carrat(s)">km²</abbr></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Indici_de_desvolopament_uman" title="Indici de desvolopament uman">IDH</a></b> (2013)</div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">0.778</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Moneda" title="Moneda">Moneda</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">Roble (<code>RUB</code>)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_indicatius_telefonics_internacionals_per_pa%C3%ADs" title="Lista dels indicatius telefonics internacionals per país">Indicatiu telefonic</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">7</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Fus_orari" title="Fus orari">Fus orari</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">+2 a +12</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Domeni_de_primi%C3%A8r_niv%C3%A8l" title="Domeni de primièr nivèl">Domeni internet</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">ru</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #AAAAAA solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=0"><span style="color:#555;">modificar</span></a></span> <span title="Consultatz la documentacion del modèl"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Infodoc" title="Consultatz la documentacion del modèl"><img alt="Consultatz la documentacion del modèl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Russia</b>, oficialament la <b>Federacion de Russia</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, es un estat europèu e asiatic qu'es a l'ora d'ara lo país pus estendut de la planeta damb una superficia d'aperaquí 17 milions de quilomètres carrats. Sa populacion èra estimada a 146 milions d'abitants en 2021. Sa capitala es <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a> e sa lenga oficiala lo <a href="/wiki/Rus" title="Rus">rus</a>. Es l'eiretier dau Principat de Moscòu, de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri" title="Empèri">Empèri</a> Rus e de l'<a href="/wiki/Union_Sovietica" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Sovietica">Union Sovietica</a>. </p><p>Lo país a de ressorsas fòrças importantas ai nivèus miniers e energetics. Pasmens, en causa de sa posicion geografica, tèn tanben un clima fòrça freg e lei comunicacions son relativament malaisadas dins certanei regions. Coma eiretier de l'URSS, la Federacion de Russia a conegut una crisi economica grèva a la fin dau sègle XX. </p><p>Dins aquò, una òbra importanta de redreiçament a començat dempuei leis annadas 2000 e lo país es tornarmai una poissança economica importanta. De mai, gràcias ais arsenaus sovietics, Russia tèn tanben una dei premiereis armadas mondialas e lo premièr arsenau nuclear mondiau. Entre 2008 e 2014, comença una novèla expansion territoriala au detriment de <a href="/wiki/Georgia" class="mw-disambig" title="Georgia">Georgia</a> e d’<a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Ucraïna">Ucraïna</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istòria"><span id="Ist.C3.B2ria"></span>Istòria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Istòria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Istòria"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png/220px-Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png/330px-Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png/440px-Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="713" /></a><figcaption>Fragmentacion dau Rus' de Kiev durant lo periòde 1054-1132.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Ist%C3%B2ria_de_Russia" title="Istòria de Russia">Istòria de Russia</a>.</div> <p>La premiera civilizacion coneguda sus lo territòri rus, aquela dei corgans, se desvolopèt a partir de 4 000 avC dins lo sud de Russia e en Asia Centrala. Vèrs 2 000 avC, un pòble indoeuropèu, lei Cimeris, ocupèt un ensems important de territòris situats entre <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> e <a href="/wiki/China" class="mw-disambig" title="China">China</a> orientala. Vèrs 1 000 avC, lei regions entre lei fluvis <a href="/wiki/Dni%C3%A8stre" title="Dnièstre">Dnièstre</a> e <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B2lga" title="Vòlga">Vòlga</a> foguèron ocupadas per un autre autre pòble indoeuropèu dich Escites. Fondèron un ensems d'estats pauc estructurats — leis Escites èran principalament de nomadas — que dispareguèron entre lei sègles III e II avC. Foguèron remplaçats per lo pòble dei Sarmates qu'èran pereu un pòble nomada d'origina eurasiatica. </p><p>A partir dau sègle IV, de pòbles germanics s'installèron dins lei regions occidentalas coma lei Gòts en Ucraïna mentre que lei territòris asiatics intrèron dins l'Empèri dei Huns. Aqueu darrier foguèt capable de s'estendre vèrs l'oèst entraïnant la migracion d'unei pòbles germanics vèrs l'Empèri Roman. Pasmens, sa manca d'organizacion e son extension entraïnèt sa disparicion après la mòrt dau rèi Atila en <a href="/wiki/453" class="mw-redirect" title="453">453</a>. Lei regions occidentalas de Russia foguèron conquistadas per leis Avars au sègle VII. Deguèron rapidament faciar l'arribada dei Kazars e la montada en poissança deis eslaus que s'establiguèron pauc a pauc en Russia Europèa a partir de <a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorussia</a>. </p><p>Lo principat de Kiev, o Rus' de Kiev, foguèt lo premier estat vertadier organizat fondat en Russia. Sei fondators èran de <a href="/wiki/Viking" title="Viking">Vikings</a> venguts d'<a href="/wiki/Escandin%C3%A0via" title="Escandinàvia">Escandinàvia</a> que conquistèron un territòri important en Ucraïna, en Bielorussia e en Russia occidentala dins de regions pobladas per de populacions eslavas. En <a href="/wiki/988" class="mw-redirect" title="988">988</a>, lei princes de Kiev se convertiguèron au crestianisme que va venir religion d'estat e un element important de l'unitat dau principat. Au sègle seguent, lo principat deguèt faciar d'invasions novèlas a l'èst (pòbles asiatics) e a l'oèst (polonés) e una tièra de crisis intèrnas que van entraïnar sa division entre divèrsei principats independents. </p><p>A partir de 1226, lei principats russas deguèron faciar leis invasions mongòlas que van pauc a pauc conquistar la màger part dau continent asiatic e de Russia. Lei senhors rus foguèron desfachs e un nombre important de vilas, coma <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> o Moscòu, foguèron cremadas. Lei principats foguèron pas dirèctament ocupadas mai venguèron vassalas de l'Empèri Mongòl e deguèron pagar de tributs regulars. </p><p>Aqueu sistèma va durar tres sègles fins a l'afondrament dau <a href="/wiki/Khanat_de_l%27%C3%92rda_d%27Aur" title="Khanat de l'Òrda d'Aur">Khanat de l'Òrda d'Aur</a>. Aguèt una influéncia majora sus lo desvolopament de Russia. De'n premier, au nivèu religiós, l'<a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamizacion</a> d'una partida importanta dei pòbles rus e l'installacion de pòbles turcs generalament musulmans va entraïnar lo renfòrçament de la Glèisa Ortodòxa dins lei territòris eslaus non o pauc islamizats. Au nivèu militar, lei senhors rus adoptèron l'organizacion mongòla basada sus de comunicacions rapidas, la levada de tropas importantas e l'usatge generalizat de la cavalariá leugiera. Enfin, au nivèu culturau, la lenga russa poguèt s'enriquir de divèrsei mòts d'origina mongòla. </p><p>Sota la dominacion mongòla, lei sègles XIII-XVI foguèron caracterizats per lo desvolopament dau principat de Moscòu que va capitar de vencir lei Mongòls e de venir independent. Per se legitimar, sei senhors se presentèron coma lei successors dau principat de Kiev. Aquò li permetèt de fondar un estat poderós que va venir lo centre de Russia. Pasmens, lo procès de renfòrçament dau principat de Moscòu foguèt l'òbra d'una dinastia de senhors politicament abils per esplechar a son profiech lei divisions entre lei principats e lei republicas russas. En <a href="/wiki/1485" class="mw-redirect" title="1485">1485</a>, lo prince Ivan III èra sensa rivau e poguèt prendre lo títol de « Sobeiran de tota la Rus' » e se presentar coma lo successor dirècte dei princes de Kiev. </p><p>A la fin dau sègle XVI, la disparicion de la dinastia au poder entraïnèt una crisi intèrna que va s'acabar en <a href="/wiki/1613" class="mw-redirect" title="1613">1613</a> quand la dinastia Romanov prenguèt lo contraròtle dau país. Aquela dinastia va modernizar l'estat e fondar l'Empèri Rus gràcias a una politica d'expansion militara e coloniala. Ai sègles XVII e XVIII, Russia venguèt donc una poissança europèa majora. Aquela òbra acomencèt amb lo rèine de Pèire lo Grand (1682-1715). D'efèct, après una guèrra lònga e acarnada còntra <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A8cia" title="Suècia">Suècia</a>, Russia i obtenguèt tornarmai un accès a la Mar Baltica que li permetèt de comunicar amb lo rèsta d'<a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>. Puei, sota lo rèine de Catarina II de Russia (1762-1796), l'Empèri Rus conquistèt la region au nòrd de la Mar Negra après una victòria còntra l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a> e lo Khanat de Crimèa. Russia participèt tanben ai partiments de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> puèi ai guèrras còntra la Revolucion Francesa e l'Empèri de Napoleon I<sup>èr</sup>. Maugrat de desfachas importantas (Austerlitz, Friedland), l'armada russa capitèt d'arrestar l'invasion francesa de <a href="/wiki/1812" class="mw-redirect" title="1812">1812</a> e aguèt un ròtle de remarca dins la desfacha finala de Napoleon. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Asia_Centrala_-_Expansion_russa_de_1725_a_1914.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Asia_Centrala_-_Expansion_russa_de_1725_a_1914.png/220px-Asia_Centrala_-_Expansion_russa_de_1725_a_1914.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Asia_Centrala_-_Expansion_russa_de_1725_a_1914.png/330px-Asia_Centrala_-_Expansion_russa_de_1725_a_1914.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Asia_Centrala_-_Expansion_russa_de_1725_a_1914.png/440px-Asia_Centrala_-_Expansion_russa_de_1725_a_1914.png 2x" data-file-width="2148" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Expansion russa en Asia entre 1725 e 1914.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lei sègles XVII, XVIII e XIX foguèron caracterizats per la perseguida d'una politica d'expansion russa vèrs l'èst que va entraïnar la formacion d'un estat fòrça estendut dins lo nòrd dau continent <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">asiatic</a>. Aquò foguèt permés per divèrsei procès : </p> <ul><li>l'exploracion dei regions asiaticas gaire pobladas en causa de condicions climaticas malaisadas. Permetèt d'installar de colons e donc de revendicar de territòris dins tot lo nòrd d'Asia e en Alaska. Aquela expansion necessitèt de còps un esfòrç militar mai se turtèt pas a d'estats ben organizats. De mai, lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ris_nomadas" title="Empèris nomadas">nomadas eurasiatics</a> que representavan un potenciau militar important dins lo corrent de l'Antiquitat e de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a> èran pas equipats per resistir ais armas de fuòc modèrnas.</li> <li>la guèrra e l'annexion de territòris o d'estats en Euròpa o dins la region de Caucàs. Leis estats principaus pertocats per aquela expansion foguèron lo Khanat de Crimèa, Polonha, l'Empèri Otoman e leis estats de Caucàs.</li></ul> <p>Pasmens, dins lo corrent de la segonda mitat dau sègle XIX, l'Empèri Rus declinèt deguèt faciar de crisis economics intèrnas grèvas. De mai, foguèt pas capable de rivalizar amb lei nivèus economics o tecnologics agantats per lei país d'Euròpa Occidentala. La Premiera Guèrra Mondiala, fòrça saunosa per lei Rus, va accelerar l'afondrament dau regime que dispareguèt en <a href="/wiki/1917" class="mw-redirect" title="1917">1917</a>. Una seguida de revòutas dins l'armada e lei vilas principalas entraïnèron l'abdicacion dau tsar Nicolau II e la formacion d'un Govèrn Provisòri. </p><p>Après l'afondrament dau regime dei tsars, lo Govèrn Provisòri deguèt tanben faciar rapidament de dificultats importantas e foguèt rebutat per lei Bolchevics que fondèron un regime comunista. Atacats per lei partisans de l'Empèri e dau Govèrn Provisòri, lei Bolchevics capitèron de resistir e foguèron venceires après una tièra de batalhas menadas entre 1918 e 1924. Fondèron alora una federacion a partir dei pòbles presents dins l'Empèri. Dicha Union Sovietica, aquela federacion èra basada sus la dictatura dau proletariat. </p><p>Après la mòrt de Lenin, sei successors se bateguèron entre elei per lo poder. <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Fosif_Stalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ïosif Stalin">Ïosif Stalin</a> venguèt finalament lo cap de l'Union Sovietica e eliminèt rapidàment seis advèrsaris o seis aliats ancians. Establiguèt un regime fòrt e centralizat basat sus lo desvolopament economic e la repression deis oposants. Après una crisi economica grèva causada per la collectivizacion dei tèrras agricòlas au començament deis annadas 1930 (faminas d'Ucraïna), aquela politica permetèt de crear una industria poderosa. En <a href="/wiki/1939" class="mw-redirect" title="1939">1939</a>, l'URSS participèt au partiment de Polonha amb <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a> e un acòrd de non agression foguèt signat amb Berlin. Lei sovietics ocupèron pereu lei país baltas e ataquèron Finlàndia. Maugrat de dificultats importantas causadas per lei combats ivernencs, capitèron d'obtenir una rectificacion favorabla dei frontieras entre lei dos país. </p><p>Pasmens, en <a href="/wiki/1941" class="mw-redirect" title="1941">1941</a>, l'Union Sovietica foguèt a son torn atacada per sospresa per leis alemands. Mau preparats e mau comandats, lei Sovietics perdiguèron de milions d'òmes e una quantitat gròssa d'armaments avans d'arrestar l'ofensiva alemanda a la fin de <a href="/wiki/1941" class="mw-redirect" title="1941">1941</a>. En <a href="/wiki/1942" class="mw-redirect" title="1942">1942</a>, una ofensiva alemanda novèla entraïnèt la pèrda de plusors territòris suplementaris e lo començament de la batalha de Stalingrad. Acabat en febrier de 1943, aqueu combat foguèt lo tornant de la guèrra : una armada alemanda i foguèt enceuclada e anientada. De <a href="/wiki/1943" class="mw-redirect" title="1943">1943</a> a <a href="/wiki/1945" class="mw-redirect" title="1945">1945</a>, l'Armada Roja avancèt alora pauc a pauc e l'oèst. En abriu-mai de <a href="/wiki/1945" class="mw-redirect" title="1945">1945</a>, lei Sovietics prenguèron Berlin e ocupèron la mitat orientala d'Euròpa i installant de regimes favorables ais interès de <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a>. </p><p>L'aliança militara amb leis estats occidentaus capitalistas concluda dins lo corrent de la <a href="/wiki/Segonda_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" title="Segonda Guèrra Mondiala">Segonda Guèrra Mondiala</a> s'acabèt rapidàment e tre leis annadas 1947-1948, dos blòts ostils gropats a l'entorn deis Estats Units e de l'URSS se formèron. Foguèt lo començament de la Guèrra Freja que va durar fins a la fin deis annadas 1980. Lei dos camps desvolopèron d'arsenaus importants, especialament de fòrças nucleras de plusors milièrs d'ogivas, qu'empachèron un conflicte dirèct. La guèrra se debanèt donc sus de teatres periferics onte d'aliats dei dos blòts èran en guèrra. Fins ais annadas 1970, lei Sovietics aguèron l'avantatge gràcias au succès de la descolonizacion e a la revirada estatsunidenca au Vietnam. Dins aquò, au començament deis annadas 1980, l'absència de modernizacion vertadiera de l'economia russa entraïnèt de dificultats economicas mai e mai importantas. A partir deis annadas 1980, lei dificultats economicas de l'URSS e lei problemas militaras causadas per l'invasion d'Afganistan entraïnèt de tensions importantas dins sa societat. Desirós d'un regime pus liure, leis elèits intellectualas obtenguèron pauc a pauc lo sostèn dau rèsta de la societat entraïnant la desagragacion lenta dau poder. Lei país ocupats dins la mitat orientala d'Euròpa conoguèron d'evolucions similaras mai pus rapidas car una partida importanta dei populacions èran fòrça ostila a la preséncia sovietica. A partir de 1988, lei regimes aliats a l'Union Sovietica foguèron rebutats per de revolucions popularas o per de manòbras politicas sostengudas per la màger part de la populacion. </p><p>En URSS, la politica de Mikhaïl Gorbachov per liberalizar la societat sovietica entraïnèt lo revelh de fòrças centrifugas coma lo nacionalisme de divèrsei pòbles menaçant l'unitat de la federacion (estats baltics, Ucraïna...) o la posicion de partit unic dau Partit Comunista de l'Union Sovietica. A la fin de 1991, un còp d'estat mancat menada per lei caps conservadors e lei partisans d'una URSS unificada entraïnèt la dissolucion deis institucions principalas dau poder sovietic puei dirèctament aquela de l'Union. </p><p>Russia, sota lo nom de Federacion de Russia, venguèt donc oficialament independenta de l'Union Sovietica en decembre de 1991. Dins lei fachs, coma lo país èra la basa de l'Union, foguèt considerat coma l'eiretier de l'URSS e obtenguèt la posicion d'aquela darriera dins leis institucions internacionalas. Pasmens, la transicion entre leis economias comunistas e capitalistas, lo nivèu tecnologic feble e una corupcion fòrça importanta entraïnèt un afebliment dau país dins leis annadas 1990. La desfacha militara pendent la premiera guèrra de Chechenia marquèt aqueu afebliment. Russia deguèt donc abandonar lo ròtle de poissança mondiala de l'URSS. Lo redreiçament acomencèt a partir dau començament dau sègle XXI sota la direccion de Vladimir Poutin vengut president en 1999. Marcat per un regime presidenciau fòrt, la politica d'aqueu darrier es caracterizada per una creissença economica importanta basada sus leis exportacions d'idrocarburs e de matèrias premieras, un renfòrçament de l'autoritat dau govèrn centrau, la repression deis oligarcs opausats a la politica novèla e la restauracion de ligams amb una partida deis aliats ancians de l'URSS. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografia">Geografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Geografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Geografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geografia_de_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geografia de Russia (la pagina existís pas)">Geografia de Russia</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Localizacion_e_frontieras">Localizacion e frontieras</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Localizacion e frontieras" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Localizacion e frontieras"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo territòri rus se situa en Euròpa orientala e dins lo nòrd dau continent asiatic. Es compausat d'un blòt continentau principau completat per lo territòri de Kaliningrad situat au nòrd de Polonha e per divèrseis illas situats au nòrd o au nord-èst d'Asia. Va dei Mars Balticas e Negras a l'oèst, a l'Ocean Artic au nòrd e a l'Ocean Pacific a l'èst. Russia tèn de frontieras terrèstras amb seize país que son Norvègia (196 km), Finlàndia (1 313 km), Estonia (290 km), Letònia (292 km), Bielorussia (959 km), Lituania (227 km), Polonha (432 km), Ucraïna (1576 km), Georgia (723 km), Azerbaitjan (284 km), Cazacstan (6 846 km), China (3 645 km), Mongolia (3 441 km) e Corèa dau Nòrd (19 km). Tèn tanben doas frontieras amb leis estats separatistas d'Abcazia e d'Ossetia dau Sud. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geografia_fisica">Geografia fisica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Geografia fisica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Geografia fisica"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Russia_edcp_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Russia_edcp_relief_location_map.jpg/220px-Russia_edcp_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Russia_edcp_relief_location_map.jpg/330px-Russia_edcp_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Russia_edcp_relief_location_map.jpg/440px-Russia_edcp_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2362" data-file-height="1274" /></a><figcaption>Topografia dau relèu de Russia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lo territòri de Russia es magerament compausat de plans dominats per d'<a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A8pa" title="Estèpa">estèpas</a> au sud, de forèsts au nòrd e de tondras de lòng dei ribas de l'Ocean Artic. Leis ensems montanhós principaus son lo <a href="/wiki/Cauc%C3%A0s" title="Caucàs">Caucàs</a> au sud-oèst, lei monts d'<a href="/wiki/Altai" title="Altai">Altai</a> au sud, lei monts de Verkhoiansk a l'èst, la cadena volcanica de <a href="/wiki/Kamchatka" title="Kamchatka">Kamchatka</a> egalament a l'èst e l'Oral au centre. </p><p>Mai de 100 000 rius e fluvis son situats sus lo territòri rus. Certanei fan partida dei rius terrèstres pus importants coma la Volga, l'Ienissei, l'Ob, la Lena e l'Amor. Son caracterizats per d'aumentacions gròssas de lor debit au començament de l'estiu. Existís tanben de lacs continentaus grands coma lo <a href="/wiki/Lac_Baikal" title="Lac Baikal">lac Baikal</a>, lo lac Ladoga o lo lac Onega. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clima">Clima</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Clima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Clima"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Clima_-_Russia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Clima_-_Russia.png/220px-Clima_-_Russia.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Clima_-_Russia.png/330px-Clima_-_Russia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Clima_-_Russia.png/440px-Clima_-_Russia.png 2x" data-file-width="20858" data-file-height="7645" /></a><figcaption>Clima de Russia.</figcaption></figure> <p>La màger part dau país se situa au nòrd de la latitud 60° e lei montanhas dei frontieras sud (Altai, Caucàs...) limitan lo desplaçament dei massas d'èr dempuei lo sud. En revènge, lei plans dau nòrd permeton ai massas d'èr polaras d'intrar prefondament dins lei regions continentalas. La temperatura mejana de Russia es donc negativa (-5,5°C) amb de variacions importantas entre l'ivèrn e l'estiu. </p><p>Ansin, lo clima rus es caracterizat per l'existéncia de doas sasons principalas, l'ivèrn e l'estiu, e per de primas e d'automnes fòrça corts. La transicion entre temperaturas autas e frejas es donc fòrça rapida. Lei mes pus fregs son genier per lei regions continentalas e febrier per lei regions maritimas. La temperatura minimila demenís d'oèst en èst amb l'altitud. Per una latitud similara, va de -8°C a Sant Petersborg fins a -43°C a Iakotsk. La temperatura istorica pus freja foguèt mesurada a Verkhoiansk (-70°C). Lo sòu de certanei regions nordicas tèn una temperatura negativa permanenta. Lo mes pus caud es generalament julhèt e la temperatura mejana de l'estiu es de 20°C. Pasmens, pòu agantar mai de 38°C dins lei regions continentalas sud. </p><p>Lei precipitacions son limitats per l'aspèct continentau dau clima. A l'oèst, se pòu mesurar 600 mm dins lei regions balticas e 525 mm a Moscòu. A l'èst, se pòu mesurar 425 mm a Novossibirsk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organizacion_politica_e_sociala">Organizacion politica e sociala</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Organizacion politica e sociala" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Organizacion politica e sociala"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forma_de_l'Estat"><span id="Forma_de_l.27Estat"></span>Forma de l'Estat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Forma de l'Estat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Forma de l'Estat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'organizacion de l'estat rus es dirigida per la Constitucion de 1993 que definís Russia coma una republica presidenciala. Elegit au sufragi universau dirèct per sièis annadas, lo President es lo cap de l'Estat e de la Nacion e tèn una influéncia gròssa sus lo rèsta deis institucions. Lo poder executiu es dirigida per lo Premier Ministre qu'es lo cap dau govèrn. Lo poder legislatiu es tengut per lo govèrn e per lei doas chambras de l'Assemblada federala de la Federacion de Russia. Aquela darrier es compausada de la <a href="/wiki/Doma_d%27Estat" title="Doma d'Estat">Doma d'Estat</a> (450 deputats elegits au sufragi universau dirèct) e dau Consèu de la Federacion (166 representants dei regions de la Federacion). Enfin, lo poder judiciari es devesit entre tres brancas regardadas per leis afaires constitucionaus, penaus e comerciaus. La Constitucion russa assegura l'egalitat dei ciutadans en fàcia de la lèi, l'independéncia dei jutges e lo drech deis acusats de se defendre. Pasmens, l'aplicacion d'aquelei drechs dèu regularament faciar l'influéncia dau poder executiu. </p><p>Au nivèu federau, divèrsei regions tènon d'autonòmia mai o mens importantas amb d'institucions pròprias. Aquelei regions son generalament centrats a l'entorn d'un pòble particular. La coabicion entre Rus e pòbles locaus es generalament pacifica mai pòu de còps èstre fòrça malaisadas o ostilas (Chechenia...). Pasmens, dempuei lo començament deis annadas 2000, lo poder centrau assaia de limitar leis autonomias localas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Simbòls_de_l'Estat"><span id="Simb.C3.B2ls_de_l.27Estat"></span>Simbòls de l'Estat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : Simbòls de l'Estat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Simbòls de l'Estat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/220px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/330px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/440px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="517" /></a><figcaption>Armoriaus de Russia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lei simbòls principaus de la Federacion de Russia son son drapèu, seis armoriaus e son imne. Lo drapèu es lo simbòl de la sobeiranetat nacionala e sa descripcion es donada per la lèi. Leis armoriaus son lo simbòl oficiau de l'Estat. Enfin, l'imne marca l'unitat de l'Estat rus. Es eissit de l'imne sovietic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organizacion_territoriala">Organizacion territoriala</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : Organizacion territoriala" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Organizacion territoriala"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Russian_Regions-EN.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Russian_Regions-EN.svg/220px-Russian_Regions-EN.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Russian_Regions-EN.svg/330px-Russian_Regions-EN.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Russian_Regions-EN.svg/440px-Russian_Regions-EN.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="1550" /></a><figcaption>Subdivisions dau territòri rus.</figcaption></figure> <p>Russia es una federacion constituida de 83 "<a href="/wiki/Subj%C3%A8ctes_federals_de_Russia" title="Subjèctes federals de Russia">subjèctes federals</a>" mai o mens autonòms. Cada subjècte manda dos representants au Consèu de la Federacion. La preséncia d'un nombre fòrça important de pòbles sus lo territòri rus e l'eiretatge istoric an entraïnat la formacion de divèrseis ensems d'estatuts e de foncionaments diferents: </p> <ul><li>21 <a href="/wiki/Republicas_de_Russia" title="Republicas de Russia">republicas</a> centradas a l'entorn d'una etnia que tènon una autonòmia fòrça importanta.</li> <li>46 oblasts (regions) e 9 krais formats de regions abitats per de populacions russas.</li> <li>4 ocrogs (districts autonòms) formats sus una basa etnica amb una autonòmia limitada. Son liats a una autra region.</li> <li>2 vilas federalas que son <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a> e <a href="/wiki/Sant_Petersborg" title="Sant Petersborg">Sant Petersborg</a>.</li></ul> <p>Lo territòri de Birobidjan tèn un estatut especiau decidit per Stalin coma tèrra d'acuèlh per lei Jusieus d'URSS. Cada subjècte de la Federacion garda 40% de sei ressorsas fiscalas per sei despensas de foncionament e d'investiment. </p><p>La Crimèa ocupada constituís una vila federala (<a href="/wiki/Sebast%C3%B2ple" title="Sebastòple">Sebastòple</a>) e una republica (rèsta de la peninsula). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lengas">Lengas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Lengas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lengas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La lenga oficiala de la Federacion es lo rus. Coma mai de 80% de la populacion per lo pòble rus, aquela lenga es la principala de la Federacion e de seis institucions. Pasmens, totei lei republicas federalas an lo drech de definir sei lengas oficialas e un drech similar es autorizat <i>de facto</i> per lo rèsta dei subjèctes de la Federacion. Ansin, 27 autrei lengas an un estatut oficiau au nivèu locau e mai d'un centenau de lengas son regularament utilizadas per certanei minoritats etnicas. Certanei son menaçadas de disparicion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Educacion">Educacion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : Educacion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Educacion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo taus d'alfabetisacion de Russia es quasi egau a 100% e lei populacions non russas son generalament bilingas. Entre 2003 e 2008, lei taus d'escolarizacion èran superiors a 90% e 85% deis enfants agantan l'escòla secondària. Lei diferéncias d'escolarizacion entre populacions masculinas e femeninas son feblas. L'ensenhament es devesit entre una escòla generala e una escòla d'especializacion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economia">Economia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modificar la seccion : Economia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Economia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Russia_industrial_growth_chart_YoY.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Russia_industrial_growth_chart_YoY.PNG/220px-Russia_industrial_growth_chart_YoY.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Russia_industrial_growth_chart_YoY.PNG/330px-Russia_industrial_growth_chart_YoY.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Russia_industrial_growth_chart_YoY.PNG/440px-Russia_industrial_growth_chart_YoY.PNG 2x" data-file-width="697" data-file-height="418" /></a><figcaption>Creissénça economica de Russia de 1992 a 2010.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Economia_de_Russia" title="Economia de Russia">Economia de Russia</a>.</div> <p>Russia fa partida deis economias pus desvolopadas de la planeta (8<sup>en</sup> reng en 2007 per son PIB) gràcias a de ressorsas geologicas fòrça importantas, una populacion importanta e un nivèu tecnologic relativament avançat. Cinc elements caracterizan aquela economia : </p> <ul><li>l'eiretatge sovietic e la transicion entre lo sistèma sovietic e un sistèma capitalista.</li> <li>l'importància dei revenguts eissits de l'esplecha de ressorsas naturalas coma leis idrocarburs.</li> <li>de dificultats causadas per lo vielhiment de la populacion.</li> <li>lo ròtle fòrça important de l'Estat dins leis afaires economics.</li> <li>lo ròtle important de la corrupcion.</li></ul> <p>La reparticion dau PIB es fòrça inegala. La region de Moscòu representa en 2006 22% dau PIB rus e lo rèsta èra magerament concentrat a Sant Petersborg e dins certanei regions tenent d'indústrias rendablas coma la produccion d'idrocarburs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demografia">Demografia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modificar la seccion : Demografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Demografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demografia_de_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demografia de Russia (la pagina existís pas)">Demografia de Russia</a>.</div> <p>Après la Segonda Guèrra Mondiala e de pèrdas sovieticas d'aperaquí 27 milions de personas, la populacion agantèt tornarmai son nivèu d'avans la guèrra (aperaquí 111 milions d'abitants) en <a href="/wiki/1955" class="mw-redirect" title="1955">1955</a>. En <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a>, agantèt son maximum amb 148,7 milions. Pasmens, après l'afondrament de l'URSS, divèrsei factors, coma la demenicion de la feconditat o de l'esperança de vida, an modificat e cambiat aquela dinamica demografica. Ansin, dempuei 1992, la populacion a demenit per agantar 143,0 milions d'abitants en <a href="/wiki/2012" class="mw-redirect" title="2012">2012</a>. Lo deficit naturau de naissanças es limitat per de movements d'imigracion dempuei d'ancians país sovietics. </p><p>Au nivèu etnic, en <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a>, lei Rus representavan 80% de la populacion totala. Sièis autreis etnias tenián mai d'un milion d'abitants : lei Tatats (3,8%), leis Ucraïnians (2,0%), lei Bachkirs (1,1%), lei Chouvaches (1,1%), lei Chechèns (0,9%) e leis Armenians (0,8%). </p><p>La densitat de populacion es egala a 8 ab/km<sup>3</sup> mai la reparticion de la populacion es fòrça inegala. Se situa magerament dins lei regions europèas. En <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a>, dotze vilas tenián mai d'un milion d'abitants. Aquelei vilas se situan dins lei regions occidentalas e centralas. Lei principalei son <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a> (11,7 milions d'abitants), <a href="/wiki/Sant_Petersborg" title="Sant Petersborg">Sant Petersborg</a> (4,6 milions), <a href="/wiki/Novossibirsk" title="Novossibirsk">Novossibirsk</a> (1,4 milion), Nijni Novgorod (1,3 milion) e Iekaterinbourg (1,3 milion). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agricultura_e_ressorsas_minieras">Agricultura e ressorsas minieras</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modificar la seccion : Agricultura e ressorsas minieras" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Agricultura e ressorsas minieras"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Russian_plain_near_Rostov-on-Don.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Russian_plain_near_Rostov-on-Don.jpg/220px-Russian_plain_near_Rostov-on-Don.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Russian_plain_near_Rostov-on-Don.jpg/330px-Russian_plain_near_Rostov-on-Don.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Russian_plain_near_Rostov-on-Don.jpg/440px-Russian_plain_near_Rostov-on-Don.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Zonas agricòlas vèrs Rostov.</figcaption></figure> <p>En <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>, l'agricultura representava 7 milions d'emplechs siá 9% de la populacion activa e 5% dau PIB rus. En causa dei condicions climaticas malaisadas, solament 10% dau territòri èra cultivat e existís una especializacion diferenta entre lo sud (cerealas) e lo nòrd (norrigatge). Dempuei la fin de l'URSS e la disparicion de l'ajuda de l'estat, l'agricultura russa a conegut un declin important e lo país dèu importar una partida importanta de sa norridura. Lo nivèu tecnologic es tanben limitat e lei rendements son donc mens importants que dins lei país d'Euròpa Occidentala. Pasmens, maugrat aquelei dificultats, Russia es un actor important per certanei produccions coma l'òrdi (1<sup>èr</sup> reng mondiau), lo séguel (1<sup>èr</sup>), la civada (1<sup>èr</sup>), lo vira-soleu (1<sup>èr</sup>), la tartifla (2<sup>en</sup>), lo caulet (3<sup>en</sup>), lo blat (4<sup>en</sup>), lo lach (5<sup>en</sup>), la galinhala (5<sup>en</sup>) e lei bovins (5<sup>en</sup>). </p><p>Lei ressorsas minieras russas son fòrças importantas mai generalament d'accès malaisats en causa dau clima e de la distància entre la zona d'extraccion e d'utilizacion. D'en premier, lo sector deis idrocarburs èra lo premier mondiau en <a href="/wiki/2010" class="mw-redirect" title="2010">2010</a> (petròli 1<sup>èr</sup> reng ; gas 2<sup>en</sup> reng) e es un element primordiau de la creissença russa. D'autra part, Russia es tanben un productor major de metaus meme s'una partida gròssas dei ressorsas pòdon pas encara èstre esplechas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indústria"><span id="Ind.C3.BAstria"></span>Indústria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modificar la seccion : Indústria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Indústria"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dins leis annadas 2000, l'indústria representava aperaquí 37% dau PIB de Russia. Lo país tèn una estructura industriala vièlha eissida de l'URSS e quauquei sectors novèus fòrça modèrns. Lei sectors industriaus principaus son : </p> <ul><li>lo tractament dei mineraus per la produccion de metaus coma la siderurgia.</li> <li>lo sector de la construccion.</li> <li>la produccion de veïculs gràcias a la preséncia de companhiás localas coma Lada e l'installacion d'un nombre important de companhiás estrangieras.</li> <li>la produccion militara e l'indústria especiala que tènon una reputacion granda e es un sector fortàment exportator. Gropa tanben una partida fòrça importanta de la recèrca russa.</li> <li>l'indústria agroalimentara qu'a conegut una crisi important a la fin dau sègle XX mai representa totjorn un nombre important d'emplechs.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Servicis">Servicis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modificar la seccion : Servicis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Servicis"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lei servicis representavan aperaquí 56% dau PIB rus dins leis annadas 2000. Es un sector en créissença importanta gràcias a l'aparicion de classas mejanas mai e mai importantas. Sei sectors principaus son la distribucion granda e lo domeni dei bancas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recèrca"><span id="Rec.C3.A8rca"></span>Recèrca</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modificar la seccion : Recèrca" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Recèrca"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gràcias a l'Empèri Rus e l'Union Sovietica, Russia a un eiretatge e una tradicion scientifics importants, especialament dins lei domenis militars, aeronautics e espaciaus. Pasmens, la crisi deis annadas 1990 a entraïnat l'emigracion d'un nombre gròs de cercaires e d'engenhaires e una demenicion dei mejans de recèrca. Dempuei 2000, una politica a donc acomençat per desvolopar tornarmai la recèrca russa a l'entorn de cinc tematicas definidas per lo govèrn : l'utilizacion melhora de l'energia, l'informatica, lei tecnologias espacialas, l'energia nucleara e la medecina. Una partida important d'aquel esfòrç es realizada per l'indústria militara que tèn d'estructuras scientificas importantas en causa de son ròtle primordiau dins l'economia sovietica. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diplomacia_e_defensa">Diplomacia e defensa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modificar la seccion : Diplomacia e defensa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Diplomacia e defensa"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apartenéncia_ais_institucions_internacionalas"><span id="Aparten.C3.A9ncia_ais_institucions_internacionalas"></span>Apartenéncia ais institucions internacionalas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modificar la seccion : Apartenéncia ais institucions internacionalas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Apartenéncia ais institucions internacionalas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La Federacion de Russia es considerat coma l'estat successor de l'Union Sovietica. Es un membre major de l'ONU amb l'estatut de membre permanent dau Consèu de Seguritat e lo país es donc un dei cinc estats possessors oficiaus de l'<a href="/wiki/Arma_nucleara" title="Arma nucleara">arma nucleara</a>. Coma poissança economica importanta, es tanben membre dau G8, dau G20 e tèn de relacions especialas amb leis autrei poissanças economicas emergentas coma China, Índia e Brasil. En revènge, lo país es pas encara membre de l'OMC. </p><p>Au nivèu diplomatic, Russia assaia de gardar de relacions amb leis ancians país sovietics au sen de la CEI e a desvolopat un partenariat amb l'OTAN. Pasmens, aqueu darrier evoluciona fortàment en foncion deis interés estatsunidencs o rus e pòu de còps conóisser d'interrupcions mai o mens lòngas. Russia fa tanben partida d'organizacions continentalas coma lo Consèu d'Euròpa, l'OSCE, l'APEC o lo Conseu Arctic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politica_estrangiera">Politica estrangiera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modificar la seccion : Politica estrangiera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Politica estrangiera"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dempuei lo començament dau sègle XXI, la politica estrangiera russa es caracterizada per l'afirmacion de la poissança novèla au nivèu internacionau, la defensa de seis interés dins leis estats sovietics ancians e dei minoritats russas situats dins de país estrangiers, la defensa d'un equilibri militar amb leis Estats Units e l'<a href="/wiki/OTAN" class="mw-redirect" title="OTAN">OTAN</a> e d'assais per melhorar sei relacions amb l'<a href="/wiki/Union_Europ%C3%A8a" title="Union Europèa">Union Europèa</a>, leis ancians aliats de l'<a href="/wiki/Union_Sovietica" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Sovietica">Union Sovietica</a> e lei país opausats a l'egemonia estatsunidenca. </p><p>Ansin, Russia garda un uèlh atentiu sus leis afaires e la diplomàcia d'unei país vesins qu'èran membres de l'URSS o qu'assostan de minoritats etnicas russas (<a href="/wiki/Transn%C3%ADstria" title="Transnístria">Transnístria</a>, Ossetia...). De fòrças militaras son tanben situats dins de país coma <a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Ucraïna">Ucraïna</a> o <a href="/wiki/Cazacstan" title="Cazacstan">Cazacstan</a>. La defensa dau mantenement d'un equilibri militara amb leis Estats Units es marcada per la contuniacion de la politica de limitacion deis armaments nuclears e l'oposicion au desvolopament d'armaments novèus dins lo domeni coma lo bloquier antimissils estatsunidencs. Enfin, Russia a acomençat d'assaiar de melhorar sei relacions amb l'Union Europèa, leis ancians aliats de l'Union Sovietic coma Siria e lei país opausats a l'egemonia estatsunidenca coma <a href="/wiki/Vene%C3%A7uela" class="mw-redirect" title="Veneçuela">Veneçuela</a>. Pasmens, au nivèu europèu, aquela politica dèu faciar l'oposicion deis estats dins un temps membre dau blòt sovietic. Ansin, Russia tèn de relacions variadas amb lei membres de l'UE. Per exemple, son relativament favorablas amb França e relativament ostilas amb Polonha. Dins lo rèsta dau monde, l'instauracion de partenariats amb de país mai o mens ostils a l'òrdre estatsunidenc se turta a l'oposicion estatsunidenca (Venezuela, Cuba...). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fòrças_armadas"><span id="F.C3.B2r.C3.A7as_armadas"></span>Fòrças armadas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modificar la seccion : Fòrças armadas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Fòrças armadas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:T-90_tank_during_the_Victory_Day_parade_in_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/T-90_tank_during_the_Victory_Day_parade_in_2009.jpg/220px-T-90_tank_during_the_Victory_Day_parade_in_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/T-90_tank_during_the_Victory_Day_parade_in_2009.jpg/330px-T-90_tank_during_the_Victory_Day_parade_in_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/T-90_tank_during_the_Victory_Day_parade_in_2009.jpg/440px-T-90_tank_during_the_Victory_Day_parade_in_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Carri de combat rus T-90.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B2r%C3%A7as_armadas_de_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fòrças armadas de Russia (la pagina existís pas)">Fòrças armadas de Russia</a>.</div> <p>Lei fòrças armadas de la Federacion de Russia son eissidas de l'Armada Roja de l'URSS. Coma lo rèsta de Russia, conoguèron un periòde de declin important dins leis annadas 1990 puei an acomençat un redreiçament a partir de l'an 2000. En 2008, èran totjorn entre lei fòrças militaras pus poderosas de la planeta gràcias a la possession de l'arma nuclerara, a d'efectius importants, un complèx industriau desvolopat situat au còr de l'economia russa e un nivèu tecnologic corrèct. Aquelei fòrças son a l'ora en cors de reorganizacion per passer d'un modèl d'armada basat sus la conscripcion a un modèl basat sus una armada pus professionalizada. Leis efectius e lo nombre d'unitats son donc en cors de reduccion e de modernizacion importantas. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/2008" class="mw-redirect" title="2008">2008</a>, lei fòrças russas èran organizats en sièis brancas principalas sota l'autoritat dau President de la Republica : </p> <ul><li>lei Tropas dei Missils Estrategics (120 000 òmes) formadas per leis unitats equipats de missils nuclears terrèstres. Èran equipadas de 415 missils intercontinentaus tenent 1 575 ogivas e d'un grop d'aviacion de transpòrt.</li> <li>lei Fòrças Terrèstres (360 000 òmes) formadas per lei tropas terrèstras covencionalas. Seis equipaments principaus son compausats èran compausats de 6 700 carris de combats, de 12 400 veïculs blindats, de 13 000 pèças d'artilhariá variadas e de 2 500 sistèmas de missils sòu-èr. Aquelei fòrças tènon tanben una quantitat fòrça granda d'armaments ancians non actius mai gardats en resèrva.</li> <li>lei Fòrças Aerianas (160 000 òmes) formadas per lei tropas aerianas. Mai de 4000 aeronaus èran en servici.</li> <li>la Flòta (133 000 òmes) devesida entre Flòta dau Nòrd, de la Mar Negra, de la Baltica, dau Pacific e de la Mar Caspiana. Teniá mai de 300 naviris qu'un pòrta-aeronau, 30 naviris de superficia importants e 59 sosmarins. La flòta russa tèn un ròtle important dins la dissuasion nucleara dau país gràcias a sei sosmarins mandaires d'engins.</li> <li>lei Fòrças Espacialas (100 000 òmes) cargadas de la lucha còntra lei missils estrategics enemics e l'ensenhament. Èran equipats d'un centenau de satellits.</li> <li>lei Fòrças Aeroportadas (35 000 òmes) equipadas de 2 400 veïculs blindats e 320 pèças d'artilhariá.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_e_cultura">Arts e cultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modificar la seccion : Arts e cultura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Arts e cultura"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultura_de_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cultura de Russia (la pagina existís pas)">Cultura de Russia</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Peter_Tschaikowski.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Peter_Tschaikowski.jpg/220px-Peter_Tschaikowski.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Peter_Tschaikowski.jpg/330px-Peter_Tschaikowski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Peter_Tschaikowski.jpg/440px-Peter_Tschaikowski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="463" data-file-height="615" /></a><figcaption>Retrach dau musician <a href="/wiki/Piotr_Ilich_Chaikovskii" title="Piotr Ilich Chaikovskii">Piotr Ilich Chaikovskii</a> (<a href="/wiki/1840" class="mw-redirect" title="1840">1840</a>-<a href="/wiki/1893" class="mw-redirect" title="1893">1893</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>La cultura russa designa l'ensems dei produccions artisticas per d'autors nascuts sus lo territòri rus o russofòns. Gràcias a la talha granda dau territòri e de son aparicion tardiva a respèct d'Euròpa Occidentala, es relativament variada e originala. A partir dau sègle XVIII, certaneis òbras an una influéncia internacionala granda e la cultura russa es totjorn a l'ora d'ara un element non negligibla de la cultura mondiala, especialament dins lei domenis de la literatura, de la musica, de la dança e dau cinèma. </p><p>La literatura russa prenguèt son essor a Sant Petersborg sota l'impulsion d'<a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Pushkin" title="Aleksandr Pushkin">Aleksandr Pushkin</a> qu'es considerat coma l'un dei fondators de la literatura russ modèrna e es de còps dich lo « Shakespeare rus ». Entre lei poëtas e escribans rus pus famós son presents <a href="/wiki/Nicolau_Gogol" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolau Gogol">Nicolau Gogol</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikhail_Lermontov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikhail Lermontov (la pagina existís pas)">Mikhail Lermontov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiodor_Dostoievskii" title="Fiodor Dostoievskii">Fiodor Dostoievskii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Tolsto%C3%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon Tolstoï">Leon Tolstoï</a> e <a href="/wiki/Anton_Chekhov" title="Anton Chekhov">Anton Chekhov</a>. Pasmens, lo periòde sovietic tenguèt tanben un nombre important d'escribans majors coma Boris Pasternak, Alexandre Soljenitsyne, Vladimir Maïakovski, Mikhaïl Cholokhov o lei poëtas Evgueni Evtouchenko e Andreï Voznessenski. </p><p>La màger part dei grops etnics vivent sus lo territòri rus an de tradicions fòrça variadas. La musica russa fondada au sègle XIX es caracterizada per dos corrents principaus : aqueu representat per Mikhail Glinka e sei successors, coma lo Grop dei Cinc, a utilizat un nombre important d'elements eissits d'aquelei tradicions e aqueu dirigit per Anton e Nikolai Rubinstein qu'utiliza puslèu la tradicion russa. Lo movement romantic aguèt un succès gròs en Russia (Tchaikovski, Rimski-Korsakov...) e se contunièt fins au sègle XX (Rachmaninov). Per la seguida dau sègle XX, lei compositors rus pus famós son Alexandre Scriabine, Igor Stravinski, Sergueï Prokofiev e Dmitri Chostakovitch. Sota lo regime sovietic, lei musicians èran susvelhats car la musica èra un otís important d'educacion dei massas obrieras mai la musica demorèt un art important per lo govèrn. Coma lei periòdes precedents, leis institucions sovieticas an donc produch un nombre gròs de solistas fòrça talentuós coma David Oïstrakh, Leonid Kogan, Gidon Kremer, Mstislav Rostropovitch, Vladimir Horowitz, Sviatoslav Richter, Emil Guilels o Galina Vichnevskaïa. </p><p>La dança es tanben un art important dins la cultura e fòrça famós dempuei leis òbras de Tchaikovski coma lo Lac dei Ciunes. Au començament dau sègle XX, lei ballets rus aguèron una influéncia mondiala sus l'evolucion de la dança e lei ballets sovietics contunièron aquela tradicion gràcias a de dançaires famós coma Maïa Plissetskaïa, Rudolf Noureev o Mikhaïl Barychnikov e de ballets coma aqueu dau Bolchou o dau Mariinsky. </p><p>Aparegut au començament dau sègle XX mentre que lo país acomencèt de conóisser de cambiaments politics prefonds, lo cinèma aguèt un ròtle culturau important tre la Revolucion Sovietica. D'efèct, lo govèrn decidiguèt d'utilizar aquel art per l'educacion dei massas e una generacion de realisators tenguèt de mejans importants. Ansin, Sergueï Eisenstein e Andreï Tarkovski marquèron lor epòca. Sota Stalin, la creativitat foguèt limitada per la repression mai lei realisators sovietics capitèron de contuniar de produrre mai d'un film famós. Pasmens, lo cinèma foguèt fòrtament tocat per lo declin de l'URSS e la crisi deis annadas 1990. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Modificar la seccion : Religion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Religion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_de_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion de Russia (la pagina existís pas)">Religion de Russia</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:RedSquare_SaintBasile_(pixinn.net).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/RedSquare_SaintBasile_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/220px-RedSquare_SaintBasile_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/RedSquare_SaintBasile_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/330px-RedSquare_SaintBasile_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/RedSquare_SaintBasile_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/440px-RedSquare_SaintBasile_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Catedrala de l'Intercession de la Verge de Moscòu.</figcaption></figure> <p>Au començament dau sègle XXI, lei religions principalas de Russia èran lo crestianisme ortodòx (56,4%), l'islam (8-15%), lo crestianisme protestant (9%), lo bodisme (2%), lo judaïsme (2%) e d'autrei versions dau crestianisme (1,8%). L'ateïsme regardava 10% de la populacion e 7% èran indecís. Lo crestianisme ortodòx es la religion istorica de l'estat rus dempuei lo sègle X e leis ortodòxs son magerament presents dins lei regions occidentalas de Russia. L'islam es la religion tradicionala de populacions turcas o vivent dins lo Caucàs. Lei musulmans rus son donc presents au sud dau país e vèrs lei regions pus pròchas d'Asia Centrala. Enfin, lo bodisme es tanben tradicionau dins certanei regions d'Asia Centrala coma la Republica Tovana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">En rus se fa la diferéncia entre "rus" (<i>rosqui</i>, etnia) e "russian" (<i>rossiïsqui</i>, estatjant de l'estat, que se deuriá doncas dire "Federacion Russiana")</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" data-autocollapse-group="paleta" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand nowrap tnavbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:#000000;"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Paleta_Pa%C3%AFses_d%27Eur%C3%B2pa_(COE)" title="Modèl:Paleta Païses d'Euròpa (COE)"><abbr class="abbr" title="Veire aqueste modèl.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8l:Paleta_Pa%C3%AFses_d%27Eur%C3%B2pa_(COE)&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modificar aqueste modèl. Mercé de previsualizar abans de salvar.">m</abbr></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bandièra: Euròpa"><img alt="Bandièra: Euròpa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/55px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/83px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/110px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> Païses d’Euròpa</span></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Union_Europ%C3%A8a" title="Union Europèa"><span style="background-color: #003399; color: #FFCC00;">Union Europèa</span></a><br /><small>(27 membres)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="background:#f7f8ff"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%80ustria" title="Àustria">Àustria</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Belgica" title="Belgica">Belgica</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chipre" title="Chipre">Chipre</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cro%C3%A0cia" title="Croàcia">Croàcia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danemarc" title="Danemarc">Danemarc</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eslovaquia" title="Eslovaquia">Eslovaquia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eslov%C3%A8nia" title="Eslovènia">Eslovènia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Espanha" title="Espanha">Espanha</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%B2nia" title="Estònia">Estònia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Finl%C3%A0ndia" title="Finlàndia">Finlàndia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia" title="Grècia">Grècia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irlanda_(pa%C3%ADs)" class="mw-redirect" title="Irlanda (país)">Irlanda</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/It%C3%A0lia" title="Itàlia">Itàlia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Let%C3%B2nia" title="Letònia">Letònia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luxemborg_(pa%C3%ADs)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxemborg (país)">Luxemborg</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">Ongria</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%AFses_Basses" title="Païses Basses">Païses Basses</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Ch%C3%A8ca" title="Republica Chèca">Republica Chèca</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A8cia" title="Suècia">Suècia</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Associacion_Europ%C3%A8a_de_Liure_Escambi" title="Associacion Europèa de Liure Escambi"><span style="background-color: #003399; color: #FFCC00;">Associacion Europèa de Liure Escambi</span></a><br /><small>(4 membres)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#ECECFF"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isl%C3%A0ndia" title="Islàndia">Islàndia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norv%C3%A8gia" title="Norvègia">Norvègia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/So%C3%AFssa" title="Soïssa">Soïssa</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ac%C3%B2rdi_de_Liure_Escambi_Centreurop%C3%A8u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acòrdi de Liure Escambi Centreuropèu (la pagina existís pas)"><span style="background-color: #003399; color: #FFCC00;">Acòrdi de Liure Escambi Centreuropèu</span></a><br /><small>(6 membres)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="background:#f7f8ff"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2snia_e_Ercegovina" title="Bòsnia e Ercegovina">Bòsnia e Ercegovina</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maced%C3%B2nia_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Macedònia del Nòrd">Macedònia del Nòrd</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mold%C3%A0via_(estat)" title="Moldàvia (estat)">Moldàvia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Los autres Estats europèus<br /><small>(o Estats qu'una partida n'es en Euròpa)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#ECECFF"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/And%C3%B2rra" title="Andòrra">Andòrra</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaitjan" title="Azerbaitjan">Azerbaitjan</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorussia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cazacstan" title="Cazacstan">Cazacstan</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(Cauc%C3%A0s)" title="Georgia (Caucàs)">Georgia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3negue" title="Mónegue">Mónegue</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Reialme_Unit" title="Reialme Unit">Reialme Unit</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sant_Marin" title="Sant Marin">Sant Marin</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">Turquia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Ucraïna">Ucraïna</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vatican" title="Vatican">Vatican</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Los autres territòris europèus<br /><small>(dependéncias o estat de la reconeissença parciala)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="background:#f7f8ff"> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%85land" title="Åland">Åland</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chipre_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Chipre del Nòrd">Chipre del Nòrd</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coss%C3%B2va_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Cossòva del Nòrd">Cossòva del Nòrd</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gibartar" title="Gibartar">Gibartar</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Illa_de_Man" title="Illa de Man">Illa de Man</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Illas_Fer%C3%B2e" title="Illas Feròe">Illas Feròe</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Illas_Normandas" title="Illas Normandas">Illas Normandas</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kosova" title="Kosova">Kosova</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Transn%C3%ADstria" title="Transnístria">Transnístria</a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><br style="clear:both;line-height:0.5em;" /> </p> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" data-autocollapse-group="paleta" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #ffe524; color: #000000;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand nowrap tnavbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:#000000;"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Pa%C3%AFses_d%27Asia/Tabl%C3%A8u" title="Modèl:Païses d'Asia/Tablèu"><abbr class="abbr" title="Veire aqueste modèl.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8l:Pa%C3%AFses_d%27Asia/Tabl%C3%A8u&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modificar aqueste modèl. Mercé de previsualizar abans de salvar.">m</abbr></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:LocationAsia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/LocationAsia.png/45px-LocationAsia.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/LocationAsia.png/68px-LocationAsia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/LocationAsia.png/90px-LocationAsia.png 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_pa%C3%AFses_del_mond" class="mw-redirect" title="Lista dels païses del mond"><span style="background-color: #ffe524; color: #000000;">Païses</span></a> d'<a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia"><span style="background-color: #ffe524; color: #000000;">Asia</span></a></span></th> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"><br style="clear:both;line-height:0.5em;" /> <table width="100%" align="center" border="1px" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse:collapse;margin-bottom:1em;border:1px solid #999999;background:#CCCCCC;"> <tbody><tr align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;font-size:90%;"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Asia_Centrala" title="Asia Centrala">Asia Centrala</a></b><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Map_Central_Asia.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Map_Central_Asia.PNG/110px-Map_Central_Asia.PNG" decoding="async" width="110" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Map_Central_Asia.PNG/165px-Map_Central_Asia.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Map_Central_Asia.PNG/220px-Map_Central_Asia.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a></span> </td> <td width="40%"><a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cazacstan" title="Cazacstan">Cazacstan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Quirguizstan" title="Quirguizstan">Quirguizstan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ozbequistan" title="Ozbequistan">Ozbequistan</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia</a> ¹ • <a href="/wiki/Tatgiquistan" title="Tatgiquistan">Tatgiquistan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Turcmenistan" title="Turcmenistan">Turcmenistan</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Asia_de_l%27%C3%88st" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia de l'Èst">Asia de l'Èst</a></b><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Map-World-East-Asia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Map-World-East-Asia.png/110px-Map-World-East-Asia.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Map-World-East-Asia.png/165px-Map-World-East-Asia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Map-World-East-Asia.png/220px-Map-World-East-Asia.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a></span> </td> <td width="40%"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">China</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A8a_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Corèa del Nòrd">Corèa del Nòrd</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A8a_del_Sud" title="Corèa del Sud">Corèa del Sud</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Republica_de_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica de China">Republica de China</a> (Taiwan) </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;font-size:90%;"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Asia_Occidentala" title="Asia Occidentala">Asia Occidentala</a></b><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Map-World-Middle-East.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Map-World-Middle-East.png/110px-Map-World-Middle-East.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Map-World-Middle-East.png/165px-Map-World-Middle-East.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Map-World-Middle-East.png/220px-Map-World-Middle-East.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita">Arabia Saudita</a> • <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> ¹ • <a href="/wiki/Azerbaitjan" title="Azerbaitjan">Azerbaitjan</a> ¹ • <a href="/wiki/Bahrayn" title="Bahrayn">Bahrayn</a> • <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> ¹ • <a href="/wiki/Emirats_Arabis_Units" title="Emirats Arabis Units">Emirats Arabis Units</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(Cauc%C3%A0s)" title="Georgia (Caucàs)">Georgia</a> ¹ • <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> • <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> • <a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%A8l" title="Israèl">Israèl</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jordania" title="Jordania">Jordania</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kowait" title="Kowait">Kowait</a> • <a href="/wiki/Liban" title="Liban">Liban</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Siria" title="Siria">Siria</a> • <a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">Turquia</a> ¹• <a href="/wiki/Iem%C3%A8n" title="Iemèn">Iemèn</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Asia_del_Sud-%C3%88st" title="Asia del Sud-Èst">Asia del Sud-Èst</a></b><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Map-World-Southeast-Asia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Map-World-Southeast-Asia.png/110px-Map-World-Southeast-Asia.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Map-World-Southeast-Asia.png/165px-Map-World-Southeast-Asia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Map-World-Southeast-Asia.png/220px-Map-World-Southeast-Asia.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birmania" title="Birmania">Birmania</a> (Myanmar) • <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> • <a href="/wiki/Camb%C3%B2tja" title="Cambòtja">Cambòtja</a> • <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A0isia" title="Malàisia">Malàisia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filipinas" title="Filipinas">Filipinas</a> • <a href="/wiki/Singapor" title="Singapor">Singapor</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tail%C3%A0ndia" title="Tailàndia">Tailàndia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tim%C3%B2r_%C3%88st" title="Timòr Èst">Timòr Èst</a> ¹ • <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;font-size:90%;"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Asia_del_Sud" title="Asia del Sud">Asia del Sud</a></b><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Map-World-South-Asia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Map-World-South-Asia.png/110px-Map-World-South-Asia.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Map-World-South-Asia.png/165px-Map-World-South-Asia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Map-World-South-Asia.png/220px-Map-World-South-Asia.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Banglad%C3%A8sh" title="Bangladèsh">Bangladèsh</a> • <a href="/wiki/Botan" title="Botan">Botan</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Maldivas" title="Maldivas">Maldivas</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Paquistan" title="Paquistan">Paquistan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td><b>Autras entitats<br />politicas</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Autoritat_Palestiniana" title="Autoritat Palestiniana">Autoritat Palestiniana</a> • <a href="/wiki/Federacion_Democratica_del_N%C3%B2rd_de_Siria" class="mw-redirect" title="Federacion Democratica del Nòrd de Siria">Rojava</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;font-size:90%;"> <td colspan="4"><small>¹ parcialament asiatic</small> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" 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