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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Neutral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neutral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background: #efefef">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Christianity" title="Category:Christianity">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #efefef"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Christian_cross" title="Principal symbol of Christianity"><img alt="Principal symbol of Christianity" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/50px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/75px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/100px-Christian_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="564" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a></li><li>Foundations</li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed" title="Creed">Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Covenant" title="New Covenant">New Covenant</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Theology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="God the Father (Christianity)">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Son of God (Christianity)">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_apologetics" title="Christian apologetics">Apologetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christian_theology" title="History of Christian theology">History of theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_universalism" title="Christian universalism">Universalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_council" title="Ecumenical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Luther</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denominations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">(full list)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Nicene_Christianity" title="Nicene Christianity">Nicene</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">Sedevacantism</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodox</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodox</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Free Evangelical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian [Hussite]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christianity" title="Reformed Christianity">Reformed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_and_uniting_churches" title="United and uniting churches">United Protestant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational Christianity</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationist</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Irvingians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_Church_of_God_International" title="Members Church of God International">Members Church of God International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Church_(Swedenborgian)" title="The New Church (Swedenborgian)">The New Church (Swedenborgian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Unitarian,_Universalist,_and_Unitarian_Universalist_churches" title="List of Unitarian, Universalist, and Unitarian Universalist churches">Unitarians and Universalists</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Christianity" title="Criticism of Christianity">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_other_religions" title="Christianity and other religions">Other religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christianity" title="Outline of Christianity">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon" title="Sermon">Sermon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_symbolism" title="Christian symbolism">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christianity" title="Outline of Christianity">Outline</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christian cross"><img alt="Christian cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/20px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/30px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/40px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christianity_sidebar" title="Template:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christianity_sidebar" title="Template talk:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Charismatic Christianity</b> is a form of <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> that emphasizes the work of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_gifts" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual gifts">spiritual gifts</a> as an everyday part of a believer's life.<sup id="cite_ref-Vondey_2017_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vondey_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a global presence in the Christian community.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Practitioners are often called <i>charismatic Christians</i> or <i>renewalists</i>. Although there is considerable overlap, charismatic Christianity is often categorized into three separate groups: <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatic movement</a> (which is spread across historical <a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Christian denominations</a>), and the <a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">neo-charismatic movement</a>. </p><p>Charismatic Christianity grew out of <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is distinguished from Pentecostalism by making the act of <a href="/wiki/Speaking_in_tongues" title="Speaking in tongues">speaking in tongues</a> no longer necessary as evidence of <a href="/wiki/Baptism_with_the_Holy_Spirit" title="Baptism with the Holy Spirit">baptism with the Holy Spirit</a>, and giving prominence to a diversity of spiritual gifts. According to the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>, Pentecostals and charismatic Christians number over 584 million worldwide as of 2011<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-PewGlobalChristianity672_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PewGlobalChristianity672-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>charismatic</i> derives from the Greek word <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">χάρισμα</span></span> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">charisma</i></span> ('gift', itself derived from <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">χάρις</span></span>, 'grace, favor').<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 17th century form <i><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_gift" title="Spiritual gift">charism</a></i> specifically refers to divine gifts. Middle English also adopted the word as <span title="Middle English (1100-1500)-language text"><i lang="enm">karisme</i></span> to refer to gifts of healing and teaching.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With traditions of <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a> already developed in the 18th century out of Protestant evangelicalism,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">charismatic movement</a> in historic Christian churches came in 1960 at St. Mark's <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Van_Nuys,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Van Nuys, California">Van Nuys, California</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Bennett_(priest)" title="Dennis Bennett (priest)">Dennis Bennett</a>, the church's rector, announced to the congregation that he had received the outpouring of the Holy Spirit.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tarxien_erwieh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tarxien_erwieh.jpg/220px-Tarxien_erwieh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tarxien_erwieh.jpg/330px-Tarxien_erwieh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tarxien_erwieh.jpg/440px-Tarxien_erwieh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Praise and worship during a <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Charismatic_Renewal" title="Catholic Charismatic Renewal">Catholic Charismatic Renewal</a> healing service</figcaption></figure> <p>The charismatic movement reached <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutherans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterians</a> in 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-Suenens1978_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suenens1978-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholics</a>, it spread around 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-Csordas2021_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Csordas2021-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodists</a> became involved in the charismatic movement in the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-AbrahamKirby2009_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AbrahamKirby2009-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some nondenominational evangelical churches decided to follow this movement and take distance from their Pentecostal conventions.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Calvary_Chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvary Chapel">Calvary Chapel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Costa_Mesa,_California" title="Costa Mesa, California">Costa Mesa, California</a>, is one of the first evangelical <a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">neo-charismatic</a> churches started in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (April 2024)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> In the United Kingdom, <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Army" title="Jesus Army">Jesus Army</a>, founded in 1969, is an example of the impact outside of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spread of the charismatic movement outside of the US was also encouraged by Bennett, who traveled to Vancouver to minister there.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (April 2024)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> Many other congregations were established in the rest of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern churches internationally have embraced the charismatic movement or adapted their own practices to incorporate it. In the United Kingdom, the <a href="/wiki/House_church" title="House church">house church</a> movement has grown to include charismatic practices. <a href="/wiki/Hillsong_Church" title="Hillsong Church">Hillsong Church</a> in Australia is another example of a Pentecostal church that incorporates the charismatic movement.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The neo-charismatic movement, also known as the <a href="/wiki/Third_Wave_of_the_Holy_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Wave of the Holy Spirit">Third Wave</a>, a term coined by <a href="/wiki/C._Peter_Wagner" title="C. Peter Wagner">C. Peter Wagner</a>, has also spread widely since 1970; these churches often reject the charismatic or Pentecostal label but accept the general practice of accepting gifts of the Spirit.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some scholars attribute the quick and successful spread of charismatic Christianity to its successful use of mass media platforms, but also to the physical experience of religion that it provides, which creates a personal connection to spiritual mediation for believers.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distinguishing_beliefs">Distinguishing beliefs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Distinguishing beliefs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charismatic Christianity is an overarching grouping of connected beliefs and practices, and is not itself strictly defined within specific practices. Denominations within the grouping share a spirituality characterized by a <a href="/wiki/Christian_worldview" title="Christian worldview">worldview</a> where <a href="/wiki/Miracles" class="mw-redirect" title="Miracles">miracles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Signs_and_wonders" title="Signs and wonders">signs and wonders</a>, and other supernatural occurrences are expected to be present in the lives of believers. This includes the presence of <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_gifts" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual gifts">spiritual gifts</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Prophecy" title="Prophecy">prophecy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gifts_of_healing" title="Gifts of healing">healing</a>. While similar in many respects, some sub-groups do differ in important ways. These differences have led to Charismatic Christianity being categorized into three main groups: Pentecostalism, the Charismatic Movement, and Neo-charismatic Movement.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-Intro_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-Intro-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Charismatic movement has sometimes been related to the <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> revival in the United States from the 1960s and 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar characteristics are found in the rise in popularity of <a href="/wiki/Kundalini" title="Kundalini">Kundalini</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hindu_mysticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu mysticism">Hindu mysticism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pentecostals">Pentecostals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pentecostals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations#Pentecostalism" title="List of Christian denominations">List of Christian denominations § Pentecostalism</a></div><p>Pentecostals are those Christians who identify with the beliefs and practices of classical Pentecostal denominations, such as the <a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God" title="Assemblies of God">Assemblies of God</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_(Cleveland,_Tennessee)" title="Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)">Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)</a>. Classical Pentecostalism grew out of the <a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">holiness movement</a> and developed a distinct identity at the start of the 20th century after being popularized by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fox_Parham" title="Charles Fox Parham">Charles Fox Parham</a> and his student <a href="/wiki/William_J._Seymour" title="William J. Seymour">William J. Seymour</a>. Seymour founded what is considered the <a href="/wiki/Azusa_Street_Revival" title="Azusa Street Revival">first Pentecostal ministry</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> in 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a time when most denominations affirmed <a href="/wiki/Cessationism" class="mw-redirect" title="Cessationism">cessationism</a> (the belief that spiritual gifts had ceased), Pentecostals held that the gifts of the Holy Spirit were being restored to the <a href="/wiki/Christian_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian church">Christian church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-Class.Pentes_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-Class.Pentes-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The distinctive doctrine of Pentecostalism is that there is a <a href="/wiki/Second_work_of_grace" title="Second work of grace">second work of grace</a> after <a href="/wiki/Conversion_to_Christianity" title="Conversion to Christianity">conversion</a>, which Pentecostals call the <a href="/wiki/Baptism_in_the_Holy_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptism in the Holy Spirit">baptism in the Holy Spirit</a>, that is evidenced by <a href="/wiki/Glossolalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Glossolalia">speaking in tongues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCMDifferences2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCMDifferences2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Speaking in tongues is considered evidence of the presence of the Spirit. There are also <a href="/wiki/Non-trinitarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-trinitarian">non-trinitarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Oneness_Pentecostalism" title="Oneness Pentecostalism">Oneness Pentecostals</a>, who share such beliefs on the validity of the spiritual gifts in the modern church, but who differ on varying views on the <a href="/wiki/Godhead_in_Christianity" title="Godhead in Christianity">Godhead</a> and teachings on <a href="/wiki/Outward_holiness" title="Outward holiness">outward holiness</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-oneness_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oneness-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pentecostalism has several core doctrines around which their beliefs are centered; these include salvation through Jesus, healing through Jesus, baptism through Jesus and the Holy Spirit and finally that Jesus is coming again. Pentecostalism is also characterized by <a href="/wiki/Moralism" title="Moralism">moralism</a>, and often forbids followers to drink alcohol or wear jewelry.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charismatic_movement">Charismatic movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Charismatic movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatic movement</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations#Charismatic_movement" title="List of Christian denominations">List of Christian denominations § Charismatic movement</a></div><p>While early Pentecostals were often <a href="/wiki/Marginalized" class="mw-redirect" title="Marginalized">marginalized</a> within the larger Christian community, Pentecostal beliefs began penetrating the <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">mainline Protestant</a> denominations from 1960 onward and the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> from 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-CharisMovem_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-CharisMovem-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This adoption of Pentecostal beliefs by those in the historic churches became known as the charismatic movement. Charismatics are defined as Christians who share with Pentecostals an emphasis on the gifts of the Spirit but who remain a part of a mainline church. Also, charismatics are more likely than Pentecostals to believe that glossolalia – speaking in tongues – is not a necessary evidence of Spirit baptism.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCMDifferences2_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCMDifferences2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This transition occurred following an increased popularity of use of the gifts of spirit during the <a href="/wiki/Healing_revival" title="Healing revival">healing revival</a> period of 1946–1958. Massive interdenominational meetings held by the healing revival evangelists, including <a href="/wiki/William_M._Branham" title="William M. Branham">William M. Branham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oral_Roberts" title="Oral Roberts">Oral Roberts</a>, <a href="/wiki/A.A._Allen" class="mw-redirect" title="A.A. Allen">A.A. Allen</a> and others, led to increased awareness and acceptance.<sup id="cite_ref-moriarty_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moriarty-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The charismatic movement within the historic Christian churches holds that baptism in the Holy Spirit is the "sovereign action of God, which usually occurs when someone with a disposition of surrender and docility, prays for a fresh outpouring of <a href="/wiki/The_Holy_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="The Holy Spirit">the Holy Spirit</a> in his or her life."<sup id="cite_ref-Elwell2001_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elwell2001-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cordeiro2017_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cordeiro2017-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adherents of the Charismatic Movement teach the belief that "baptism in the Holy Spirit unleashes the Holy Spirit that is already present within us, by revitalizing the graces we received in the sacrament of Baptism" and that it "equips and inspires the individual for service, for mission, for discipleship and for life."<sup id="cite_ref-Elwell2001_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elwell2001-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CCR2021_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCR2021-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cordeiro2017_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cordeiro2017-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rev. Brenton Cordeiro summarizes that he sees those who received Baptism with the Holy Spirit "testify that the experience brought them to a new awareness of the reality and presence of Jesus Christ in their lives [as well as] a new hunger for the Word of God, the Sacraments and were filled with a renewed desire for holiness."<sup id="cite_ref-Cordeiro2017_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cordeiro2017-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neo-charismatic_movement">Neo-charismatic movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Neo-charismatic movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatic movement</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations#Neo-Charismatic_Movement" title="List of Christian denominations">List of Christian denominations § Neo-Charismatic Movement</a></div> <p>The fervor seen in the spread of Charismatic Christianity led to the creation of independent evangelical charismatic churches more in tune with this <a href="/wiki/Christian_revival" title="Christian revival">revival</a> of the Holy Spirit. Calvary Chapel Costa Mesa, California is one of the first evangelical charismatic churches in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In United Kingdom, Jesus Army, founded in 1969, is an example of the impact outside the US.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many other congregations were established in the rest of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New churches and denominations emerged alongside the Charismatic Movement of the historic Christian churches since 1970 that are termed <a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-charismatic">neo-charismatic</a>. Accepting neither the label of Pentecostal nor charismatic, they share with these groups a common emphasis on the Holy Spirit, spiritual gifts, miracles, and Pentecostal experiences.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-NeoCharis_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-NeoCharis-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These groups are often called "The Third Wave", to separate them from the original Pentecostals (the "First Wave") and from the wider charismatic movement of the 1970s (the "Second Wave"). Neo-charismatic churches often consider themselves non-denominational or would not accept the neo-charismatic label, instead drawing from the charismatic practices of spiritual gifts or identifying with wider movements and groups such as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Strategic_Prayer_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U.S. Strategic Prayer Network (page does not exist)">U.S. Strategic Prayer Network</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Reformation" title="New Apostolic Reformation">New Apostolic Reformation</a>, or other large religious movements.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2011, there were 279 million Pentecostal Christians worldwide, making up 4 percent of the world's population and 12.8 percent of the wider Christian population. Charismatic Christians numbered 305 million, or about 4.4 percent of the world's population and 14 percent of the Christian population. Together, these groups make up 26.8 percent of the world's Christian population and over 8 percent of the world. Regionally, the highest concentration of Charismatic Christians live in the Americas, which houses 48.5 percent of the group. The next highest concentration is in the Asia-Pacific region, with another 29.6 percent of Charismatic Christians residing there.<sup id="cite_ref-PewGlobalChristianity672_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PewGlobalChristianity672-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Charismatic_Renewal" title="Catholic Charismatic Renewal">Catholic Charismatic Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessationism_versus_Continuationism" class="mw-redirect" title="Cessationism versus Continuationism">Cessationism versus Continuationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Adventism" title="Charismatic Adventism">Charismatic Adventism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_revelation" title="Direct revelation">Direct revelation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_healing" title="Faith healing">Faith healing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_Gospel_Business_Men%27s_Fellowship_International" title="Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International">Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Rain_(1880s_movement)" title="Latter Rain (1880s movement)">Latter Rain (1880s movement)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Rain_(post-World_War_II_movement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latter Rain (post-World War II movement)">Latter Rain (post-World War II movement)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_laying_on_of_hands" title="Christian laying on of hands">Christian laying on of hands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montanism" title="Montanism">Montanism</a> – a late 2nd-century, heterodox Christian movement which emphasized sensitivity to the leading of the Holy Spirit</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatic movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewal_theologian" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewal theologian">Renewal theologian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slain_in_the_Spirit" title="Slain in the Spirit">Slain in the Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_of_Knowledge" title="Word of Knowledge">Word of Knowledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_of_wisdom" title="Word of wisdom">Word of wisdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenoglossy" title="Xenoglossy">Xenoglossy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Encyclopedic">Encyclopedic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Encyclopedic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Burgess, Stanley M., ed. and Eduard M. van der Maas, assoc. ed., <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_International_Dictionary_of_Pentecostal_and_Charismatic_Movements" title="The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements">The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements</a></i>, revised and expanded edition (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 2002); <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080624081731/http://www.zondervan.com/Cultures/en-US/Product/ProductDetail.htm?ProdID=com.zondervan.9780310224815&QueryStringSite=Zondervan">publisher's page</a></li> <li>Burgess, Stanley M., ed. <i>Encyclopedia of Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity</i> (Routledge, 2006); <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.routledge-ny.com/ref/religionandsociety/pentecostal/">publisher's page</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supportive">Supportive</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Supportive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Deere" title="Jack Deere">Deere, Jack</a>. <i>Surprised by the Power of the Spirit</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Grudem" title="Wayne Grudem">Grudem, Wayne</a>. <i>The Gift of Prophecy in the New Testament and Today</i></li> <li>Maria Stethatos. <i>The Voice of a Priest Crying in the Wilderness</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Storms" title="Sam Storms">Storms, Sam</a>. "Language of Heaven"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical">Critical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Critical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Braun, Mark E., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wels.net/news-events/forward-in-christ/october-1996/what-can-we-learn-charismatic-movement"><i>What can we learn from the Charismatic Movement?</i></a>, <i>Forward in Christ</i>, Volume 83, Number 10, October 1996</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._MacArthur" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. MacArthur">MacArthur, John</a>. <i>Charismatic Chaos</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hank_Hanegraaff" title="Hank Hanegraaff">Hanegraaff, Hank</a>. <i>Counterfeit Revival</i></li> <li>Gardiner, George E. <i>Corinthian Catastrophe</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._B._Warfield" title="B. B. Warfield">Warfield, B. B.</a> <i>Counterfeit Miracles</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Gaffin" title="Richard Gaffin">Gaffin, Richard B.</a> <i>Perspectives on Pentecost</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._Palmer_Robertson" title="O. Palmer Robertson">O. Palmer Robertson</a> <i>Final Word</i> A response to Wayne Grudem</li> <li>Michael De Semlyen <i>All Roads Lead To Rome</i> Dorchester House Publications (March 1993)</li> <li>Davis, R., <i>True to His Ways: Purity & Safety in Christian Spiritual Practice</i> (ACW Press, Ozark, AL, 2006), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-932124-61-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-932124-61-6">1-932124-61-6</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neutral">Neutral</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Neutral"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobbins2004" class="citation journal cs1">Robbins, Joel (October 2004). <a href="/wiki/Don_Brenneis" title="Don Brenneis">Brenneis, Don</a>; <a href="/wiki/Karen_B._Strier" title="Karen B. Strier">Strier, Karen B.</a> (eds.). "The Globalization of Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity". <i><a href="/wiki/Annual_Review_of_Anthropology" title="Annual Review of Anthropology">Annual Review of Anthropology</a></i>. <b>33</b>. <a href="/wiki/Annual_Reviews_(publisher)" title="Annual Reviews (publisher)">Annual Reviews</a>: 117–143. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.anthro.32.061002.093421">10.1146/annurev.anthro.32.061002.093421</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1545-4290">1545-4290</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25064848">25064848</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145722188">145722188</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Anthropology&rft.atitle=The+Globalization+of+Pentecostal+and+Charismatic+Christianity&rft.volume=33&rft.pages=117-143&rft.date=2004-10&rft.issn=1545-4290&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145722188%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25064848%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.anthro.32.061002.093421&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Joel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Grudem, Wayne (editor). <i>Are Miraculous Gifts for Today?</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Coelho, Paulo. <i><a href="/wiki/By_the_River_Piedra_I_Sat_Down_and_Wept" class="mw-redirect" title="By the River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept">By the River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept</a></i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Vondey_2017-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vondey_2017_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVondey2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Vondey" title="Wolfgang Vondey">Vondey, Wolfgang</a> (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nR0lDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA107">"Part 1: Full Gospel Story – Healed: Manifesting Signs and Wonders"</a>. <i>Pentecostal Theology: Living the Full Gospel</i>. T&T Clark Systematic Pentecostal and Charismatic Theology (1st ed.). <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/T%26T_Clark" title="T&T Clark">T&T Clark</a>. pp. 107–130. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780567387738" title="Special:BookSources/9780567387738"><bdi>9780567387738</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Part+1%3A+Full+Gospel+Story+%E2%80%93+Healed%3A+Manifesting+Signs+and+Wonders&rft.btitle=Pentecostal+Theology%3A+Living+the+Full+Gospel&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.series=T%26T+Clark+Systematic+Pentecostal+and+Charismatic+Theology&rft.pages=107-130&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=T%26T+Clark&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9780567387738&rft.aulast=Vondey&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnR0lDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColeman2000" class="citation book cs1">Coleman, Simon (2000). <i>The globalisation of charismatic Christianity: spreading the gospel of prosperity</i>. Cambridge studies in ideology and religion. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-66072-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-66072-3"><bdi>978-0-521-66072-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+globalisation+of+charismatic+Christianity%3A+spreading+the+gospel+of+prosperity&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Cambridge+studies+in+ideology+and+religion&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-521-66072-3&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2011/12/19/global-christianity-movements-and-denominations/">"Christian Movements and Denominations"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pew_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Pew Research">Pew Research</a></i>. 19 December 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827230023/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2011/12/19/global-christianity-movements-and-denominations/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research&rft.atitle=Christian+Movements+and+Denominations&rft.date=2011-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Freligion%2F2011%2F12%2F19%2Fglobal-christianity-movements-and-denominations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PewGlobalChristianity672-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PewGlobalChristianity672_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PewGlobalChristianity672_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2011/12/Christianity-fullreport-web.pdf">Global Christianity: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Pew_Forum_on_Religion_and_Public_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life">Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life</a>. December 19, 2011. p. 67.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Global+Christianity%3A+A+Report+on+the+Size+and+Distribution+of+the+World%27s+Christian+Population&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=Pew+Forum+on+Religion+and+Public+Life&rft.date=2011-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F20%2F2011%2F12%2FChristianity-fullreport-web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span> See also <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Part II Global Statistics: A Massive Worldwide Phenomenon". <i>The New International Dictionary</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Part+II+Global+Statistics%3A+A+Massive+Worldwide+Phenomenon&rft.btitle=The+New+International+Dictionary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/charism">"Charism"</a>. Merriam-webster.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180823174230/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/charism">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-08-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Charism&rft.pub=Merriam-webster.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fcharism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/charisma">"charisma | Origin and meaning of charisma by Online Etymology Dictionary"</a>. <i>www.etymonline.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200916191258/https://www.etymonline.com/word/charisma">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.etymonline.com&rft.atitle=charisma+%7C+Origin+and+meaning+of+charisma+by+Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fcharisma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobbins2004" class="citation journal cs1">Robbins, Joel (2004). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-04-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theopedia.com&rft.atitle=Theopedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theopedia.com%2Fcharismatic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooperFarrant1997" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, Simon; Farrant, Mike (1997). <i>Fire in Our Hearts: The Story of the Jesus Fellowship/Jesus Army</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Exchange+%E2%80%93+A+Blog+by+Ed+Stetzer&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+Charismatic+Movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianitytoday.com%2Fedstetzer%2F2013%2Foctober%2Fcharismatic-renewal-movement.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham2022" class="citation news cs1">Graham, Ruth (2022-03-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/29/us/hillsong-church-scandals.html">"Hillsong, Once a Leader of Christian Cool, Loses Footing in America"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hillsong%2C+Once+a+Leader+of+Christian+Cool%2C+Loses+Footing+in+America&rft.date=2022-03-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F03%2F29%2Fus%2Fhillsong-church-scandals.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindhart2015" class="citation book cs1">Lindhart, Martin (2015). "Mediating Money: Materiality and Spiritual Warfare in Tanzanian Charismatic Christianity". In Coleman, Simon; Hackett, Rosalind I. J. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt15zc5th"><i>The Anthropology of Global Pentecostalism and Evangelicalism</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/NYU_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="NYU Press">NYU Press</a>. pp. 147–160. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-7259-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-7259-1"><bdi>978-0-8147-7259-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mediating+Money%3A+Materiality+and+Spiritual+Warfare+in+Tanzanian+Charismatic+Christianity&rft.btitle=The+Anthropology+of+Global+Pentecostalism+and+Evangelicalism&rft.pages=147-160&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-7259-1&rft.aulast=Lindhart&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt15zc5th&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIDPCM-Intro-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-Intro_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurgessvan_der_Mass2003" class="citation book cs1">Burgess, Stanley M.; van der Mass, Eduard M., eds. (2003). "Introduction". <i>The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements</i> (Kindle edition) (Revised ed.). Grand Rapids, Michigan: <a href="/wiki/Zondervan" title="Zondervan">Zondervan</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=The+New+International+Dictionary+of+Pentecostal+and+Charismatic+Movements&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+Michigan&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Zondervan&rft.date=2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolfson2018" class="citation web cs1">Wolfson, Sam (2018-04-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/apr/07/cult-oregon-1980s-terror-netflix-documentary-wild-country">"The free-love cult that terrorised America – and became Netflix's latest must-watch"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211107114108/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/apr/07/cult-oregon-1980s-terror-netflix-documentary-wild-country">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-11-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+free-love+cult+that+terrorised+America+%E2%80%93+and+became+Netflix%27s+latest+must-watch&rft.date=2018-04-07&rft.aulast=Wolfson&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftv-and-radio%2F2018%2Fapr%2F07%2Fcult-oregon-1980s-terror-netflix-documentary-wild-country&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPretorius2002" class="citation thesis cs1">Pretorius, Stephanus Petrus (December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43175162.pdf"><i>The Toronto Blessing: An Expression of Christian Spirituality in the Charismatic Movement?</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Thesis). <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Africa" title="University of South Africa">University of South Africa</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Toronto+Blessing%3A+An+Expression+of+Christian+Spirituality+in+the+Charismatic+Movement%3F&rft.inst=University+of+South+Africa&rft.date=2002-12&rft.aulast=Pretorius&rft.aufirst=Stephanus+Petrus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F43175162.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211105081712/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43175162.pdf">Archived</a> 2021-11-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim2009" class="citation thesis cs1">Kim, Injib (2009-08-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/masters/113"><i>Christian Yoga as a Product of Hinduism and the New Age Movement</i></a> (Master's thesis). <a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">Liberty University</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Christian+Yoga+as+a+Product+of+Hinduism+and+the+New+Age+Movement&rft.degree=Master%27s&rft.inst=Liberty+University&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Injib&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.liberty.edu%2Fmasters%2F113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIDPCM-Class.Pentes-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-Class.Pentes_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Introduction: Classical Pentecostals". <i>The New International Dictionary</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+Classical+Pentecostals&rft.btitle=The+New+International+Dictionary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIDPCMDifferences2-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCMDifferences2_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCMDifferences2_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Introduction: Pentecostal-Charismatic Differences". <i>The New International Dictionary</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+Pentecostal-Charismatic+Differences&rft.btitle=The+New+International+Dictionary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oneness-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oneness_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPattersonRybarczyk2007" class="citation book cs1">Patterson, Eric; Rybarczyk, Edmund (2007). <i>The Future of Pentecostalism in the United States</i>. New York: Lexington Books. pp. 123–124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-2102-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-2102-3"><bdi>978-0-7391-2102-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Future+of+Pentecostalism+in+the+United+States&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=123-124&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7391-2102-3&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Rybarczyk%2C+Edmund&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIDPCM-CharisMovem-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-CharisMovem_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The New International Dictionary</i>, "Introduction: The Charismatic Movement".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-moriarty-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-moriarty_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoriarty1992" class="citation book cs1">Moriarty, Michael (1992). <i>The New Charismatics</i>. Zondervan. pp. 118–139. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-310-53431-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-310-53431-0"><bdi>978-0-310-53431-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Charismatics&rft.pages=118-139&rft.pub=Zondervan&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-310-53431-0&rft.aulast=Moriarty&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elwell2001-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Elwell2001_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elwell2001_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElwell2001" class="citation book cs1">Elwell, Walter A. (2001). <i>Evangelical Dictionary of Theology</i>. Baker Academic. p. 220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8010-2075-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8010-2075-9"><bdi>978-0-8010-2075-9</bdi></a>. <q>The charismatic movement has affected almost every historic church and has spread to many churches and countries beyond the United States. ... Particular emphases are reflected variously in the charismatic movement. <i>Baptism with the Holy Spirit</i>. There is common recognition of <a href="/wiki/Baptism_with_the_Holy_Spirit" title="Baptism with the Holy Spirit">baptism with the Holy Spirit</a> as a distinctive Christian experience. It is viewed as an event wherein the believer is "filled with" the presence and power of the Holy Spirit. Baptism with the Holy Spirit is understood to result from "the gift of the Holy Spirit," wherein the Spirit is freely "poured out," "falls upon," "comes on," "anoints," "endues" the believer with "power from on high." ... Baptism with the Holy Spirit, accordingly, is not identified with conversion. It is viewed as an experience of being filled with the Holy Spirit that brings about powerful witness to Jesus Christ. Through this Spirit baptism the exalted Christ carries forward his ministry in the church and world.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Evangelical+Dictionary+of+Theology&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Baker+Academic&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8010-2075-9&rft.aulast=Elwell&rft.aufirst=Walter+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cordeiro2017-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cordeiro2017_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cordeiro2017_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cordeiro2017_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCordeiro2017" class="citation web cs1">Cordeiro, Brenton (29 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catholic-link.org/baptism-in-holy-spirit/">"Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Why Every Catholic Should Consider Receiving It"</a>. Catholic Link. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210526034030/https://catholic-link.org/baptism-in-holy-spirit/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baptism+in+the+Holy+Spirit%3A+Why+Every+Catholic+Should+Consider+Receiving+It&rft.pub=Catholic+Link&rft.date=2017-05-29&rft.aulast=Cordeiro&rft.aufirst=Brenton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatholic-link.org%2Fbaptism-in-holy-spirit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CCR2021-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CCR2021_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccr.org.uk/about-ccr/about/baptism-in-the-holy-spirit/">"Baptism in the Holy Spirit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Charismatic_Renewal" title="Catholic Charismatic Renewal">Catholic Charismatic Renewal</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210526035145/http://www.ccr.org.uk/about-ccr/about/baptism-in-the-holy-spirit/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baptism+in+the+Holy+Spirit&rft.pub=Catholic+Charismatic+Renewal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccr.org.uk%2Fabout-ccr%2Fabout%2Fbaptism-in-the-holy-spirit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSweeney2005" class="citation book cs1">Sweeney, Douglas A. (2005). <i>The American Evangelical Story: A History of the Movement</i>. <a href="/wiki/Baker_Academic" class="mw-redirect" title="Baker Academic">Baker Academic</a>. pp. 150–151.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Evangelical+Story%3A+A+History+of+the+Movement&rft.pages=150-151&rft.pub=Baker+Academic&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Sweeney&rft.aufirst=Douglas+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIDPCM-NeoCharis-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-NeoCharis_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The New International Dictionary</i>, "Introduction: Neocharismatics".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCloud" class="citation book cs1">McCloud, Sean. <i>American Possessions</i>. Oxford University Press. pp. 6–7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Possessions&rft.pages=6-7&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.aulast=McCloud&rft.aufirst=Sean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharismatic+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charismatic_Christianity&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glopent.net">European Research Network on Global Pentecostalism (GloPent)</a> is an initiative by three leading European Universities in Pentecostal studies networking academic research on Pentecostal and Charismatic movements.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glopent.net/pentecostudies">PentecoStudies: Online Journal for the Interdisciplinary Study of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements</a></i> published under the auspices of GloPent</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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Testament">New Testament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foundations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_(congregation)" title="Church (congregation)">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed" title="Creed">Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_gospel" title="The gospel">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Covenant" title="New Covenant">New Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Christian tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Christianity" title="Timeline of Christianity">timeline</a>)<br />(<a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Christianity" title="Spread of Christianity">spread</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early<br />Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">in Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parables_of_Jesus" title="Parables of Jesus">Parables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commandment" title="Great Commandment">Great Commandment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church fathers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Fathers" title="Apostolic Fathers">Apostolic fathers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Great_Church" title="Great Church">Great Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_ante-Nicene_period" title="Christianity in the ante-Nicene period">Ante-Nicene period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_late_antiquity" title="Christianity in late antiquity">Late antiquity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great_and_Christianity" title="Constantine the Great and Christianity">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_seven_ecumenical_councils" title="First seven ecumenical councils">First seven ecumenical councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Chalcedon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_as_the_Roman_state_religion" title="Christianity as the Roman state religion">State church of the Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_biblical_canon" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian biblical canon">Christian biblical canon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Christianity in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_monasticism" title="Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_the_Age_of_Discovery" title="Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_modern_era" title="Christianity in the modern era">Modern era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Catholic Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution" title="Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Islam" title="Christianity and Islam">Relations with Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_influences_on_the_Islamic_world" title="Christian influences on the Islamic world">Influences</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denominations</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">list</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations_by_number_of_members" title="List of Christian denominations by number of members">members</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charismatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christianity" title="Reformed Christianity">Reformed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite Orthodoxy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East (Nestorian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement</a></li> <li><span title="Tagalog-language text"><span lang="tl" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Son of God (Christianity)">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_tradition" title="Sacred tradition">Tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">Original sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_again" title="Born again">Born again</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_worship" title="Eastern Orthodox worship">Eastern Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_liturgy" title="Protestant liturgy">Protestant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology" title="Mariology">Mariology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Christianity" title="Angels in Christianity">Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiology" title="Ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Marks_of_the_Church" title="Four Marks of the Church">Four marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">Body of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_true_church" title="One true church">One true church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_God" title="People of God">People of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">Canon law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament" title="Sacrament">Sacraments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_marriage" title="Christian views on marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penance" title="Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_sick" title="Anointing of the sick">Anointing of the Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders" title="Holy orders">Holy orders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablution_in_Christianity" title="Ablution in Christianity">Ablution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hygiene_in_Christianity" title="Hygiene in Christianity">Hygiene</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_ethics" title="Christian ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_science" title="Christianity and science">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rejection_of_evolution_by_religious_groups" title="Rejection of evolution by religious groups">Evolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_politics" title="Christianity and politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_poverty_and_wealth" title="Christian views on poverty and wealth">Views on poverty and wealth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_architecture" title="Church architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_cathedrals_and_great_churches" title="Architecture of cathedrals and great churches">Architecture of cathedrals and great churches</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_art" title="Christian art">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Depiction_of_Jesus" title="Depiction of Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marian art in the Catholic Church">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Trinity_in_art" title="The Trinity in art">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father_in_Western_art" title="God the Father in Western art">God the Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christian_art" title="Holy Spirit in Christian art">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechesis" title="Catechesis">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catechism" title="Catechism">Catechism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Flag" title="Christian Flag">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_literature" title="Christian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mythology" title="Christian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_pilgrimage" title="Christian pilgrimage">Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_piety" title="Popular piety">Popular piety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">Church buildings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_cathedrals" title="Lists of cathedrals">Cathedrals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Role in civilization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_movements" title="List of Christian movements">Movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crusading_movement" title="Crusading movement">Crusading movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_anarchism" title="Christian anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_environmentalism" title="Christian views on environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_existentialism" title="Christian existentialism">Existentialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">Fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_theology" title="Liberation theology">Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_left" title="Christian left">Left</a>/<a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mysticism" title="Christian mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Christian_sentiment" title="Anti-Christian sentiment">Anti-Christian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_universalism" title="Christian universalism">Christian universalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Christianity" title="Criticism of Christianity">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Christians" title="Cultural Christians">Cultural Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Christians" title="Persecution of Christians">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_other_religions" title="Christianity and other religions">Relations with other religions</a></li> 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