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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Neo-Pentecostalism" redirects here. "Neo-Pentecostalism" refers to both the <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatic movement</a> and Neo-charismatic movement.</div> <p>The <b>Neo-charismatic</b> (also <b>third-wave charismatic</b> or <b>hypercharismatic</b>) <b>movement</b> is a movement within <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> Christianity that is composed of a diverse range of independent churches and organizations that emphasize the current availability of <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_gift" title="Spiritual gift">gifts</a> of the Holy Spirit, such as <a href="/wiki/Speaking_in_tongues" title="Speaking in tongues">speaking in tongues</a> and <a href="/wiki/Faith_healing" title="Faith healing">faith healing</a>. The Neo-charismatic movement is considered to be the "<a href="/wiki/Third_Wave_of_the_Holy_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Wave of the Holy Spirit">third wave</a>" of the <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">Charismatic Christian</a> tradition which began with <a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostalism</a> (the "first wave"), and was furthered by the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_charismatic_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical charismatic movement">Charismatic movement</a> (the "second wave").<sup id="cite_ref-McCloud_2015_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCloud_2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6">: 6 </span></sup> As a result of the growth of <a href="/wiki/Postdenominational_churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Postdenominational churches">postdenominational</a> and independent charismatic groups, Neo-charismatics are now believed to be more numerous than the first and second wave categories.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2002, some 19,000 denominations or groups, with approximately 295 million individual adherents, were identified as Neo-charismatic.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:C._Peter_Wagner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/C._Peter_Wagner.jpg/220px-C._Peter_Wagner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/C._Peter_Wagner.jpg/330px-C._Peter_Wagner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/C._Peter_Wagner.jpg/440px-C._Peter_Wagner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="451" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/C._Peter_Wagner" title="C. Peter Wagner">C. Peter Wagner</a> is a leader among Neo-charismatics in the U.S., and is known for naming the Neo-charismatic movement the "third wave" of Charismatic Christianity.</figcaption></figure> <p>The "first wave" of Charismatic Christianity is Pentecostalism, which originated in Kansas, US in 1901, and later spread to Texas, Los Angeles, and then to other countries.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 14–15">: 14–15 </span></sup> Pentecostals formed their own churches and organizations, but by the 1960s their emphasis on the outpouring of the Holy Spirit and signs and wonders began to influence mainline Protestant denominations and the "second wave," or the charismatic movement, began.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 15">: 15 </span></sup> The Neo-charismatic movement, dubbed the "third wave", dates from the early 1980s and was a result of the growth of Pentecostal experiences among independent and indigenous Christian groups. Although the Neo-charismatic movement emerged in the 1980s, many churches in Africa were already exhibiting Neo-charismatic tendencies in the early twentieth century as some churches combined indigenous <a href="/wiki/Religious_cosmology" title="Religious cosmology">cosmologies</a> with what are called the <a href="/wiki/Gifts_of_the_Holy_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Gifts of the Holy Spirit">gifts of the Holy Spirit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 15">: 15 </span></sup> The greatest concentration of Neo-charismatic churches is found in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 17–18">: 17–18 </span></sup> In some regions, especially Africa and Latin America, Neo-charismatics are sometimes condemned by Pentecostals and Charismatics for their spiritual practices or for combining local cosmologies with Christian beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 15">: 15 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Creation_Church_Service.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/New_Creation_Church_Service.jpg/220px-New_Creation_Church_Service.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/New_Creation_Church_Service.jpg/330px-New_Creation_Church_Service.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/New_Creation_Church_Service.jpg/440px-New_Creation_Church_Service.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Worship_service_(evangelicalism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Worship service (evangelicalism)">Worship service</a> at <a href="/wiki/New_Creation_Church" title="New Creation Church">New Creation Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, 2015.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/C._Peter_Wagner" title="C. Peter Wagner">Peter Wagner</a>, who originally called this form of Christianity the "Third Wave" and is a theoretician of the <a href="/wiki/Church_Growth_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Growth movement">Church Growth Movement</a>, advocated for the principle of spiritual warfare against demons through his book <i>Spiritual Power and Church Growth</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Wimber" title="John Wimber">John Wimber</a>, who founded the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Vineyard_Churches" title="Association of Vineyard Churches">Association of Vineyard Churches</a> in 1982, put forward the principle of "miraculous healing" as an element of the Christian life in his book <i>Power Healing</i>. The current of "power evangelism" was developed through the work of John Wimber and publicized through his book <i>Power Evangelism</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together, Wagner and Wimber taught a course on Neo-charismatic spiritual gifts called "Signs, Wonders, and Church Growth" at <a href="/wiki/Fuller_Theological_Seminary" title="Fuller Theological Seminary">Fuller Theological Seminary</a> for four years starting in 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wagner also popularized the concept of <a href="/wiki/Territorial_spirit" title="Territorial spirit">territorial spirits</a>, in which demons are believed to rule over geographical locations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> George Otis Junior is one of the originators of "spiritual mapping," which is a practice among some third wave adherents that includes uncovering the histories of buildings and geographical locations to understand how those histories might be contributing to demonic possession in the present.<sup id="cite_ref-McCloud_2015_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCloud_2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 51">: 51 </span></sup> In 2002, some 19,000 denominations or groups, with approximately 295 million individual adherents, were identified as Neo-charismatic.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Defining_characteristics">Defining characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Defining characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In terms of congregational governance, no single form, structure, or style of church service characterizes all Neo-charismatic services and churches. The Neo-charismatic categorization is broad and diverse and includes any group that is not considered Pentecostal or Charismatic but still emphasizes the power of the Holy spirit and supernatural signs and wonders.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 17–18">: 17–18 </span></sup> Pentecostals comprise Pentecostal denominations, charismatics bring Pentecostal tendencies to mainline denominations, but Neo-charismatics are indigenous, independent, post- and non-denominational Christian groups without formal denominational ties.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 17–18">: 17–18 </span></sup> The term <i><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">non-denominational</a></i> is used more often by churches than the <i>Neo-charismatic</i> term.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laying_on_of_hands,_Dr._Ebenezer_Markwei.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Laying_on_of_hands%2C_Dr._Ebenezer_Markwei.jpg/220px-Laying_on_of_hands%2C_Dr._Ebenezer_Markwei.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Laying_on_of_hands%2C_Dr._Ebenezer_Markwei.jpg/330px-Laying_on_of_hands%2C_Dr._Ebenezer_Markwei.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Laying_on_of_hands%2C_Dr._Ebenezer_Markwei.jpg/440px-Laying_on_of_hands%2C_Dr._Ebenezer_Markwei.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4496" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Example of laying on of hands during a service in Ghana.</figcaption></figure> <p>Members of the Neo-charismatic movement, like those in the Pentecostal movement and Charismatic movement, believe in and stress the post-biblical availability of <a href="/wiki/Gifts_of_the_Holy_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Gifts of the Holy Spirit">gifts of the Holy Spirit</a>. These spiritual gifts, or <i>charismata</i>, frequently include but are not limited to <a href="/wiki/Glossolalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Glossolalia">glossolalia</a> (speaking in tongues), <a href="/wiki/Faith_healing" title="Faith healing">healing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prophecy" title="Prophecy">prophecy</a>. Additionally, Neo-charismatic Christians practice the <a href="/wiki/Laying_on_of_hands" title="Laying on of hands">laying on of hands</a> and seek the "infilling" of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a>, although a specific experience of <a href="/wiki/Baptism_with_the_Holy_Spirit" title="Baptism with the Holy Spirit">baptism with the Holy Spirit</a> may not be requisite for experiencing such gifts.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neo-charismatic practices look very similar to Pentecostal and Charismatic practices, but the terminology used by Neo-charismatics to describe their practices is distinctly different from the typical terminology used by Pentecostals and Charismatics.<sup id="cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 14">: 14 </span></sup> Many Neo-charismatics believe that the "end times" are near, practice intercessory prayer that invokes the power of the Holy Spirit, and view their work as helping to transform the Church into the Kingdom of God on earth.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_practices">Notable practices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notable practices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The practices and beliefs listed below are common but not universal among Neo-charismatics, but the diversity of churches and opinions means none necessarily adhere to all the following. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spiritual_warfare">Spiritual warfare</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Spiritual warfare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_warfare" title="Spiritual warfare">Spiritual warfare</a></div> <p>The fight against spiritual <a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">demons</a> that are deemed to exist occupies an important place in Neo-charismatic teachings and prayers. The <a href="/wiki/Exorcism_in_Christianity" title="Exorcism in Christianity">exorcising</a> of demons is sometimes also referred to as <a href="/wiki/Deliverance_ministry" title="Deliverance ministry">deliverance ministries</a> because a person or object is "delivered" or saved from an evil spiritual force.<sup id="cite_ref-McCloud_2015_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCloud_2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 10">: 10 </span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_mapping" title="Spiritual mapping">Spiritual mapping</a>, a subset of practices under the broad umbrella of spiritual warfare, is the process by which defiled land, houses, and churches are discovered through careful observation of the history of the region and are subsequently illustrated on a map. A relatively well-known example of this type of spiritual mapping occurred in Amarillo, Texas, by the group <a href="/wiki/Repent_Amarillo" title="Repent Amarillo">Repent Amarillo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If traumatic or evil histories are believed to have been uncovered, mass exorcisms are sometimes organized intended to drive out territorial or historical demons in an ancestral line.<sup id="cite_ref-McCloud_2015_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCloud_2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 58–59">: 58–59 </span></sup> "Prayerwalking" is another encouraged form of spiritual warfare among some Neo-charismatics, and is connected to spiritual mapping: believers pray against evil spirits while walking through areas where evil is believed to have taken place historically or currently.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Territorial_spirit" title="Territorial spirit">Territorial spirits</a> are a related concept.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One scholar notes that while spiritual warfare did not hold a major role in broader evangelicalism, Wagner's Spiritual Warfare Network of the 1980s led to it quickly and significantly gaining importance in evangelicalism. This occurred to such a degree that "the new ideas on spiritual warfare became so entrenched that many Christians would have had no conception that they were only recently implemented. Proponents contributed to this by claiming there was historical precedent in Christian tradition."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Power_evangelism">Power evangelism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Power evangelism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Neo-charismatic evangelism considers that "<a href="/wiki/Signs_and_Wonders" class="mw-redirect" title="Signs and Wonders">Signs and Wonders</a>" can be brought about by Christians who have confessed their belief in the Holy Spirit and have been anointed to do miracles. <a href="/wiki/Faith_healing" title="Faith healing">Healing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prosperity_theology" title="Prosperity theology">financial prosperity</a> are examples of "power encounters," or supernatural acts, that occur in this type of evangelism.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neo-charismatics believe power evangelism, in which supernatural wonders accompany the sharing of the Gospel message, is more effective than evangelism without signs and is more similar to the type of evangelism that first-century Christians used.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structural_renewal">Structural renewal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Structural renewal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some Neo-charismatics are interested in the reconfiguration of church leadership to reflect a structure they believe is upheld in <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Ephesians" title="Epistle to the Ephesians">Ephesians</a> 4:11–13, "The gifts he gave were that some would be apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, some pastors and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ, until all of us come to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to maturity, to the measure of the full stature of Christ."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this passage, there are five "offices," including apostle, prophet, evangelist, pastor and teacher. Pastors, teachers, and evangelists are commonly found in evangelical churches, but some Neo-charismatic groups and movements, like Five Fold Ministry and the <a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Reformation" title="New Apostolic Reformation">New Apostolic Reformation</a>, seek to restructure their church organization to actively include <a href="/wiki/Apostolic-Prophetic_Movement" title="Apostolic-Prophetic Movement">apostles and prophets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Various Christian groups have criticized the Pentecostal and charismatic movement for too much attention to mystic manifestations such as <a href="/wiki/Glossolalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Glossolalia">glossolalia</a> and to <a href="/wiki/Anti-intellectualism" title="Anti-intellectualism">anti-intellectualism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the Evangelical <a href="/wiki/Pastor" title="Pastor">pastor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_F._MacArthur" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. MacArthur">John F. MacArthur</a> criticized the charismatic movement on several points which he said were "patently unbiblical", including the majority support for <a href="/wiki/Prosperity_theology" title="Prosperity theology">prosperity theology</a> which led to moral and financial scandals; its proximity to the <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> movements where <a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> is presented as a servant of the needs of believers; multiple false prophecies; and disorderly worship services.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a> General Superintendent of the <a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God_USA" title="Assemblies of God USA">Assemblies of God USA</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_O._Wood" title="George O. Wood">George O. Wood</a>, acknowledged that there had been isolated cases of erroneous behavior and teaching in Pentecostal and charismatic churches, but said that the movement had made a great contribution to evangelization in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-McCloud_2015-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCloud_2015_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCloud_2015_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCloud_2015_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCloud_2015_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcCloud2015" class="citation book cs1">McCloud, Sean (2015). <i>American Possessions: Fighting Demons in the Contemporary United States</i>. New York: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Possessions%3A+Fighting+Demons+in+the+Contemporary+United+States&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=McCloud&rft.aufirst=Sean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-Neocharismatics_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurgessvan_der_Maas2002" class="citation book cs1">Burgess, Stanley M.; van der Maas, Eduard M., eds. (2002). "Neocharismatics". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_International_Dictionary_of_Pentecostal_and_Charismatic_Movements" title="The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements">The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements</a></i>. Grand Rapids: Zondervan. pp. 286–287.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Neocharismatics&rft.btitle=The+New+International+Dictionary+of+Pentecostal+and+Charismatic+Movements&rft.place=Grand+Rapids&rft.pages=286-287&rft.pub=Zondervan&rft.date=2002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIDPCM-2003-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIDPCM-2003_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurgessvan_der_Maas2003" class="citation book cs1">Burgess, Stanley M.; van der Maas, Eduard M., eds. (2003). <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_International_Dictionary_of_Pentecostal_and_Charismatic_Movements" title="The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements">The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements</a></i>. Grand Rapids: Zondervan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-310-22481-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-310-22481-0"><bdi>0-310-22481-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62596740">62596740</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+International+Dictionary+of+Pentecostal+and+Charismatic+Movements&rft.place=Grand+Rapids&rft.pub=Zondervan&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62596740&rft.isbn=0-310-22481-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yannick Fer, La théologie du "combat spirituel": Globalisation autochtonie et politique en milieu pentecôtiste/charismatique, in J. Garcia-Ruiz et P. Michel (eds.), <i>Néo-pentecôtismes</i>, Labex Tepsis, pp. 52–64, 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wagner, Peter C. <i>Spiritual Power and Church Growth</i>, Altamonte Springs, Fl. Strang Communications, US, 1986. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0930525043" title="Special:BookSources/0930525043">0930525043</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWimber1986" class="citation book cs1">Wimber, John (1986). <i>Power Evangelism</i>. San Francisco: Harper & Row Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0060695323" title="Special:BookSources/0060695323"><bdi>0060695323</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Power+Evangelism&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row+Publishers&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0060695323&rft.aulast=Wimber&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPratt1991" class="citation journal cs1">Pratt, Thomas D. (Spring 1991). "The Need to Dialogue: A Review of the Debate on the Controversy of Signs, Wonders, Miracles and Spiritual Warfare Raised in the Literature of the Third Wave Movement". <i>Pneuma: The Journal of the Society for Pentecostal Studies</i>. <b>13</b>: 7–32. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F157007491X00024">10.1163/157007491X00024</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pneuma%3A+The+Journal+of+the+Society+for+Pentecostal+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Need+to+Dialogue%3A+A+Review+of+the+Debate+on+the+Controversy+of+Signs%2C+Wonders%2C+Miracles+and+Spiritual+Warfare+Raised+in+the+Literature+of+the+Third+Wave+Movement&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=7-32&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F157007491X00024&rft.aulast=Pratt&rft.aufirst=Thomas+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWagner1988" class="citation book cs1">Wagner, C. Peter (1988). <i>The Third Wave of the Holy Spirit</i>. Ann Arbor: MI: Vine Books. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0892836016" title="Special:BookSources/0892836016"><bdi>0892836016</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Third+Wave+of+the+Holy+Spirit&rft.place=Ann+Arbor%3A+MI&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Vine+Books&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0892836016&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=C.+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker2021" class="citation thesis cs1">Baker, Yvie Ruth (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ourarchive.otago.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10523/12731/BakerYvieR2021PhD.pdf"><i>From Peter Wagner to Bill Johnson: The History and Epistemology of the 'New Apostolic Reformation'<span></span></i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Thesis thesis). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Otago" title="University of Otago">University of Otago</a>. p. 93<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=From+Peter+Wagner+to+Bill+Johnson%3A+The+History+and+Epistemology+of+the+%27New+Apostolic+Reformation%27&rft.degree=Thesis&rft.inst=University+of+Otago&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Yvie+Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fourarchive.otago.ac.nz%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F10523%2F12731%2FBakerYvieR2021PhD.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allan Anderson, <i>An Introduction to Pentecostalism: Global Charismatic Christianity</i>, Cambridge University Press, UK, 2013, p. 66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Erwin Fahlbusch, Geoffrey William Bromiley, Jan Milic Lochman, John Mbiti, Jaroslav Pelikan, <i>The Encyclodedia of Christianity</i>, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, US, 2008, pp. 445–446</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Young-hoon Lee, <i>The Holy Spirit Movement in Korea: Its Historical and Theological Development</i>, Wipf and Stock Publishers, US, 2009, p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McAlister, Elizabeth. "Possessing the Land for Jesus." In <i>Spirited Things: The Work of "Possession" in Afro-Atlantic Religions</i>, edited by Paul Christopher Johnson, 177–205. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2014. p. 179. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/022612276X" title="Special:BookSources/022612276X">022612276X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcConeghy2013" class="citation thesis cs1">McConeghy, David Walker (2013). <i>Geographies of Prayer: Place and Religion in Modern America</i> (PhD thesis). University of California Santa Barbara. p. 75.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Geographies+of+Prayer%3A+Place+and+Religion+in+Modern+America&rft.degree=PhD&rft.inst=University+of+California+Santa+Barbara&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=McConeghy&rft.aufirst=David+Walker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McConeghy, David Walker. "Geographies of Prayer: Place and Religion in Modern America." PhD diss., University of California Santa Barbara, 2013, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">George Thomas Kurian, Mark A. Lamport, <i>Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States</i>, Volume 5, Rowman & Littlefield, US, 2016, p. 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWimber1986" class="citation book cs1">Wimber, John (1986). <i>Power Evangelism</i>. San Francisco: Harper and Row, Publishers. pp. 34–35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0060695323" title="Special:BookSources/0060695323"><bdi>0060695323</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Power+Evangelism&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pages=34-35&rft.pub=Harper+and+Row%2C+Publishers&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0060695323&rft.aulast=Wimber&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=ephesians+4%3A11-13&version=NRSV">"Eph. 4:11–13, New Revised Standard Version Bible"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200312022534/https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+4%3A11-13&version=NRSV">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-03-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eph.+4%3A11%E2%80%9313%2C+New+Revised+Standard+Version+Bible&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biblegateway.com%2Fpassage%2F%3Fsearch%3Dephesians%2B4%253A11-13%26version%3DNRSV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeaver2016" class="citation book cs1">Weaver, John (2016). <i>The New Apostolic Reformation: History of a Modern Charismatic Movement</i>. McFarland & Company. p. 87.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Apostolic+Reformation%3A+History+of+a+Modern+Charismatic+Movement&rft.pages=87&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeo-charismatic+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wolfgang Vondey, <i>Pentecostalism: A Guide for the Perplexed</i>, T&T Clark, UK, 2012, pp. 37–38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Gryboski, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.christianpost.com/news/excerpts-from-john-macarthurs-strange-fire-book-suggests-flames-of-controversy-over-charismatic-movt-to-still-burn.html">Excerpts From John MacArthur's 'Strange Fire' Book Suggest Flames of Controversy Over Charismatic Mov't to Still Burn</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201010100216/https://www.christianpost.com/news/excerpts-from-john-macarthurs-strange-fire-book-suggests-flames-of-controversy-over-charismatic-movt-to-still-burn.html">Archived</a> 2020-10-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, christianpost.com, US, October 24, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicola Menzie, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.christianpost.com/news/assemblies-of-god-leader-acknowledges-some-strange-fire-among-pentecostals-charismatics.html">Assemblies of God Leader Acknowledges Some 'Strange Fire' Among Pentecostals, Charismatics</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201010205315/https://www.christianpost.com/news/assemblies-of-god-leader-acknowledges-some-strange-fire-among-pentecostals-charismatics.html">Archived</a> 2020-10-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, christianpost.com, US, October 29, 2013</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 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href="/wiki/Evangelicalism_in_the_United_States" title="Evangelicalism in the United States">Evangelicalism in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Baptist" title="Independent Baptist">Independent Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionary_Baptists" title="Missionary Baptists">Missionary Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venture_Church_Network" title="Venture Church Network">Conservative Baptist Association of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Will_Baptist" title="Free Will Baptist">Free Will Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Association_of_Regular_Baptist_Churches" title="General Association of Regular Baptist Churches">General Association of Regular Baptist Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church_%E2%80%93_Missouri_Synod" title="Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod">Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Evangelical_Lutheran_Synod" title="Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod">Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterian family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_America" title="Presbyterian Church in America">Presbyterian Church in America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God_USA" title="Assemblies of God USA">Assemblies of God USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_(Cleveland,_Tennessee)" title="Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)">Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foursquare_Church" title="Foursquare Church">Foursquare Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal_Church_of_God" title="Pentecostal Church of God">Pentecostal Church of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal_Holiness_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal Holiness Church">Pentecostal Holiness Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Pentecostal">Apostolic Pentecostal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationist family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ" title="Churches of Christ">Churches of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_churches_and_churches_of_Christ" title="Christian churches and churches of Christ">Christian churches and churches of Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congregationalism" title="Congregationalism">Congregationalist family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Congregational_Christian_Conference" title="Conservative Congregational Christian Conference">Conservative Congregational Christian Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Nazarene" title="Church of the Nazarene">Church of the Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesleyan_Church" title="Wesleyan Church">Wesleyan Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Methodist_Church" title="Free Methodist Church">Free Methodist Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_(Anderson,_Indiana)" title="Church of God (Anderson, Indiana)">Church of God (Anderson, Indiana)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Higher_Life_movement" title="Higher Life movement">Keswickian family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_and_Missionary_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian and Missionary Alliance">Christian and Missionary Alliance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Reformed family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Reformed_Church_in_North_America" title="Christian Reformed Church in North America">Christian Reformed Church in North America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventist family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Vineyard_Churches" title="Association of Vineyard Churches">Association of Vineyard Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvary_Chapel_Association" title="Calvary Chapel Association">Calvary Chapel Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azusa_Street_Revival" title="Azusa Street Revival">Azusa Street Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">Black church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Statement_on_Biblical_Inerrancy" title="Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy">Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentalist%E2%80%93modernist_controversy" title="Fundamentalist–modernist controversy">Fundamentalist–modernist controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Awakening" title="Great Awakening">Great Awakening</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Great_Awakening" title="First Great Awakening">First Great Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Great_Awakening" title="Second Great Awakening">Second Great Awakening</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cane_Ridge_Revival" title="Cane Ridge Revival">Cane Ridge Revival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Great_Awakening" title="Third Great Awakening">Third Great Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Great_Awakening" title="Fourth Great Awakening">Fourth Great Awakening</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_revival" title="Healing revival">Healing revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Crusade_(1949)" title="Los Angeles Crusade (1949)">Los Angeles Crusade (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revival_of_1800" title="Revival of 1800">Revival of 1800</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Thought</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_by_fire" title="Baptism by fire">Baptism by fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_with_the_Holy_Spirit" title="Baptism with the Holy Spirit">Baptism with the Holy Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Believers%27_Church" title="Believers' Church">Believers' Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_literalism" title="Biblical literalism">Biblical literalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_inerrancy" title="Biblical inerrancy">Biblical inerrancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_patriarchy" title="Biblical patriarchy">Biblical patriarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_womanhood" title="Biblical womanhood">Biblical womanhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_again" title="Born again">Born again</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_abortion" title="Christianity and abortion">Christianity and abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Zionism" title="Christian Zionism">Christian Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decision_theology" title="Decision theology">Decision theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_theology" title="Evangelical theology">Evangelical theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_Gospel" title="Full Gospel">Full Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_theology" title="Kingdom theology">Kingdom theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quiverfull" title="Quiverfull">Quiverfull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_work_of_grace" title="Second work of grace">Second work of grace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_call" title="Altar call">Altar call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_worship" title="Contemporary worship">Contemporary worship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_worship_music" title="Contemporary worship music">Contemporary worship music</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourner%27s_bench" title="Mourner's bench">Mourner's bench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_warrior" title="Prayer warrior">Prayer warrior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revival_meeting" title="Revival meeting">Revival meeting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_meeting" title="Camp meeting">Camp meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tent_revival" title="Tent revival">Tent revival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinner%27s_prayer" title="Sinner's prayer">Sinner's prayer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_church" title="Bible church">Bible church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megachurch" title="Megachurch">Megachurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televangelism" title="Televangelism">Televangelism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic-Prophetic_Movement" title="Apostolic-Prophetic Movement">Apostolic-Prophetic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bapticostal_movement" title="Bapticostal movement">Bapticostal movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">Christian fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_left" title="Evangelical left">Evangelical left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exvangelical" title="Exvangelical">Exvangelical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_movement" title="Jesus movement">Jesus movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-evangelicalism" title="Post-evangelicalism">Post-evangelicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Reformation" title="New Apostolic Reformation">New Apostolic Reformation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Neo-charismatic movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-Letter_Christians" title="Red-Letter Christians">Red-Letter Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Mountain_Mandate" title="Seven Mountain Mandate">Seven Mountain Mandate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transformational_Christianity" title="Transformational Christianity">Transformational Christianity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_Today" title="Christianity Today">Christianity Today International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_on_Biblical_Manhood_and_Womanhood" title="Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood">Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Climate_Initiative" title="Evangelical Climate Initiative">Evangelical Climate Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_and_Ecumenical_Women%27s_Caucus" title="Evangelical and Ecumenical Women's Caucus">Evangelical and Ecumenical Women's Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuller_Theological_Seminary" title="Fuller Theological Seminary">Fuller Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moody_Bible_Institute" title="Moody Bible Institute">Moody Bible Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Evangelicals" title="National Association of Evangelicals">National Association of Evangelicals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Religious_Broadcasters" title="National Religious Broadcasters">National Religious Broadcasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promise_Keepers" title="Promise Keepers">Promise Keepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Vision_United_States" title="World Vision United States">World Vision United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_for_Christ" title="Youth for Christ">Youth for Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aimee_Semple_McPherson" title="Aimee Semple McPherson">Aimee Semple McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Graham" title="Billy Graham">Billy Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Sunday" title="Billy Sunday">Billy Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._I._Scofield" title="C. I. Scofield">C. I. Scofield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grandison_Finney" title="Charles Grandison Finney">Charles Grandison Finney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_L._Moody" title="Dwight L. Moody">Dwight L. Moody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Graham" title="Franklin Graham">Franklin Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Falwell" title="Jerry Falwell">Jerry Falwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Edwards_(theologian)" title="Jonathan Edwards (theologian)">Jonathan Edwards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q350853#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="novocharismatická hnutí"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph1130847&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&oldid=1245842365">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neo-charismatic_movement&oldid=1245842365</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Charismatic_Christianity" title="Category:Charismatic Christianity">Charismatic Christianity</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christian_new_religious_movements" title="Category:Christian new religious movements">Christian new religious movements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christian_terminology" title="Category:Christian terminology">Christian terminology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Evangelical_movement" title="Category:Evangelical movement">Evangelical movement</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 September 2024, at 13:30<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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