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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>The First New Town</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-The_First_New_Town-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle The First New Town subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-The_First_New_Town-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Street_names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Street_names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Street names</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Street_names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern,_or_Second,_New_Town_and_extensions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern,_or_Second,_New_Town_and_extensions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Northern, or Second, New Town and extensions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern,_or_Second,_New_Town_and_extensions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern,_or_Third,_New_Town" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern,_or_Third,_New_Town"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Eastern, or Third, New Town</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern,_or_Third,_New_Town-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-West_End" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_End"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>West End</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-West_End-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_additions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_additions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Other additions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_additions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principal_losses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principal_losses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Principal losses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principal_losses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shopping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shopping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Shopping</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shopping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notable residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">New Town, Edinburgh</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_(%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3)" title="Новы горад (Эдынбург) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Новы горад (Эдынбург)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciutat_Nova_d%27Edimburg" title="Ciutat Nova d'Edimburg – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciutat Nova d'Edimburg" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Town_(Edinburgh)" title="New Town (Edinburgh) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="New Town (Edinburgh)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Town_(Edinburgh)" title="New Town (Edinburgh) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="New Town (Edinburgh)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciudad_nueva_de_Edimburgo" title="Ciudad nueva de Edimburgo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciudad nueva de Edimburgo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novurbo_(Edinburgo)" title="Novurbo (Edinburgo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Novurbo (Edinburgo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgheko_Hiri_Berria" title="Edinburgheko Hiri Berria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Edinburgheko Hiri Berria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86_(%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88)" title="نیو تاون (ادینبرو) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیو تاون (ادینبرو)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Town_(%C3%89dimbourg)" title="New Town (Édimbourg) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="New Town (Édimbourg)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baile_%C3%99r_Dh%C3%B9n_%C3%88ideann" title="Baile Ùr Dhùn Èideann – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Baile Ùr Dhùn Èideann" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D6%80_%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%84_(%D4%B7%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A3)" title="Նոր քաղաք (Էդինբուրգ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նոր քաղաք (Էդինբուրգ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A8,_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="न्यू टाउन, एडिनबर्ग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="न्यू टाउन, एडिनबर्ग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95" title="העיר החדשה של אדינבורו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="העיר החדשה של אדינבורו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Town_(Edinburgh)" title="New Town (Edinburgh) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="New Town (Edinburgh)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%83%A9%E6%96%B0%E5%B8%82%E8%A1%97" title="エディンバラ新市街 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エディンバラ新市街" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Town" title="New Town – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="New Town" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cidade_Nova_de_Edimburgo" title="Cidade Nova de Edimburgo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cidade Nova de Edimburgo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_(%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3)" title="Новый город (Эдинбург) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Новый город (Эдинбург)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Toun,_Edinburgh" title="New Toun, Edinburgh – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="New Toun, Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="New Town, Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="New Town, Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="New Town, Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1%E6%96%B0%E5%9F%8E" title="愛丁堡新城 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="愛丁堡新城" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q590710#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Central area of Edinburgh, Scotland</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title category" style="font-size:125%;">New Town, Edinburgh</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="padding:0.2em;background:#0177d3;font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: inherit;">UNESCO World Heritage Site</span></a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Geograph-3985265-by-Thomas-Nugent.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Geograph-3985265-by-Thomas-Nugent.jpg/260px-Geograph-3985265-by-Thomas-Nugent.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Geograph-3985265-by-Thomas-Nugent.jpg/390px-Geograph-3985265-by-Thomas-Nugent.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Geograph-3985265-by-Thomas-Nugent.jpg/520px-Geograph-3985265-by-Thomas-Nugent.jpg 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="160" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">New Town, seen looking south from the air</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Sites_by_country" title="World Heritage Sites by country">Location</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, Scotland</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Old</a> and New Towns of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site#Selection_criteria" title="World Heritage Site">Criteria</a></th><td class="infobox-data category">Cultural: (ii)(iv)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Reference</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/728">728</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Inscription</th><td class="infobox-data">1995 (19th <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee" title="World Heritage Committee">Session</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:right;clear:right"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png" class="mw-file-description" title="New Town, Edinburgh is located in Edinburgh"><img alt="New Town, Edinburgh is located in Edinburgh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png/240px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png/360px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png/480px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Edinburgh.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="699" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.993%;left:50.717%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="New Town, Edinburgh"><img alt="New Town, Edinburgh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="font-size:91%;padding-top:3px">New Town, Edinburgh (Edinburgh)</div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>New Town</b> is a central area of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, the capital of Scotland. It was built in stages between 1767 and around 1850, and retains much of its original <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">neo-classical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Georgian_architecture" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian</a> period architecture. Its best known street is <a href="/wiki/Princes_Street" title="Princes Street">Princes Street</a>, facing <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Old Town</a> across the geological depression of the former <a href="/wiki/Nor_Loch" title="Nor Loch">Nor Loch</a>. Together with the <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Edinburgh" title="West End, Edinburgh">West End</a>, the New Town was designated a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> alongside the Old Town in 1995. The area is also famed for the <a href="/wiki/New_Town_Gardens" title="New Town Gardens">New Town Gardens</a>, a heritage designation since March 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proposal_and_planning">Proposal and planning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Proposal and planning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The idea of a New Town was first suggested in the late 17th century when the Duke of Albany and York (later <a href="/wiki/James_VII_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="James VII of Scotland">King James VII and II</a>), when resident Royal Commissioner at <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace">Holyrood Palace</a>, encouraged the idea of having an extended <a href="/wiki/Regality" class="mw-redirect" title="Regality">regality</a> to the north of the city and a North Bridge. He gave the city a grant:</p><blockquote><p>That, when they should have occasion to enlarge their city by purchasing ground without the town, or to build bridges or arches for the accomplishing of the same, not only were the proprietors of such lands obliged to part with the same on reasonable terms, but when in possession thereof, they are to be erected into a regality in favour of the citizens.</p></blockquote><p>It is possible that, with such patronage, the New Town might have been built many years earlier than it was but, in 1682, the Duke left the city and became King in 1685, only to lose the throne in 1688.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_map.png/250px-Edinburgh_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_map.png/375px-Edinburgh_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_map.png/500px-Edinburgh_map.png 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="573" /></a><figcaption>Map of the city, showing the New Town (mid brown), the <a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Old Town</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Edinburgh" title="West End, Edinburgh">West End</a>, with the World Heritage Site indicated by the red line.</figcaption></figure> <p>The decision to construct a New Town was taken by the city fathers, after overcrowding inside the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_town_walls" title="Edinburgh town walls">walls</a> of the Old Town reached breaking point and to prevent an exodus of wealthy citizens from the city to London.<sup id="cite_ref-Glendinning_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glendinning-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a> had arrived in Edinburgh, and the outdated city fabric did not suit the professional and merchant classes who lived there. <a href="/wiki/Lord_Provost" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Provost">Lord Provost</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Drummond_(politician)" title="George Drummond (politician)">George Drummond</a> succeeded in extending the boundary of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Burgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Burgh">Royal Burgh</a> to encompass the fields to the north of the <a href="/wiki/Nor_Loch" title="Nor Loch">Nor Loch</a>, the heavily polluted body of water which occupied the valley immediately north of the city. A scheme to drain the Loch was put into action, although the process was not fully completed until 1817. Crossing points were built to access the new land; the <a href="/wiki/North_Bridge,_Edinburgh" title="North Bridge, Edinburgh">North Bridge</a> in 1772, and the Earthen Mound, which began as a tip for material excavated during construction of the New Town. <a href="/wiki/The_Mound" title="The Mound">The Mound</a>, as it is known today, reached its present proportions in the 1830s. </p><p>As the successive stages of the New Town were developed, the more affluent middle and upper classes left the Old Town and moved northwards from cramped tenements in narrow closes into new grand <a href="/wiki/Georgian_architecture" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian</a> homes on wide roads.<sup id="cite_ref-Montgomery_2017_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Montgomery_2017-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the working classes and poor remained in the Old Town.<sup id="cite_ref-Montgomery_2017_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Montgomery_2017-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_First_New_Town">The First New Town</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The First New Town"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1768_James_Craig_Map_of_New_Town,_Edinburgh,_Scotland_(First_Plan_of_New_Town)_-_Geographicus_-_Edinburgh-craig-1768.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/1768_James_Craig_Map_of_New_Town%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland_%28First_Plan_of_New_Town%29_-_Geographicus_-_Edinburgh-craig-1768.jpg/380px-1768_James_Craig_Map_of_New_Town%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland_%28First_Plan_of_New_Town%29_-_Geographicus_-_Edinburgh-craig-1768.jpg" decoding="async" width="380" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/1768_James_Craig_Map_of_New_Town%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland_%28First_Plan_of_New_Town%29_-_Geographicus_-_Edinburgh-craig-1768.jpg/570px-1768_James_Craig_Map_of_New_Town%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland_%28First_Plan_of_New_Town%29_-_Geographicus_-_Edinburgh-craig-1768.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/1768_James_Craig_Map_of_New_Town%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland_%28First_Plan_of_New_Town%29_-_Geographicus_-_Edinburgh-craig-1768.jpg/760px-1768_James_Craig_Map_of_New_Town%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland_%28First_Plan_of_New_Town%29_-_Geographicus_-_Edinburgh-craig-1768.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3508" /></a><figcaption>Plan for the New Town by James Craig (1768)</figcaption></figure> <p>A design competition was held in January 1766 to find a suitably modern layout for the new suburb. It was won by 26-year-old <a href="/wiki/James_Craig_(architect)" title="James Craig (architect)">James Craig</a>, who, following the natural contours of the land, proposed a simple axial grid, with a principal thoroughfare along the ridge linking two garden squares. Two other main roads were located downhill to the north and south with two minor streets between. Several <a href="/wiki/Mews" title="Mews">mews</a> off the minor streets provided stable lanes for the large homes. Completing the grid are three north-south cross streets. </p><p>Craig's original plan has not survived but it has been suggested that it is indicated on a map published by John Laurie in 1766.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This map shows a diagonal layout with a central square reflecting a new era of civic Hanoverian British patriotism by echoing the design of the <a href="/wiki/Union_Flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Flag">Union Flag</a>. Both <a href="/wiki/Princes_Street" title="Princes Street">Princes Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Queen_Street,_Edinburgh" title="Queen Street, Edinburgh">Queen Street</a> are shown as double sided. A simpler revised design reflected the same spirit in the names of its streets and civic spaces.<sup id="cite_ref-Glendinning_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glendinning-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Street_names">Street names</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Street names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_New_Town_from_Edinburgh_Castle.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/The_New_Town_from_Edinburgh_Castle.JPG/220px-The_New_Town_from_Edinburgh_Castle.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/The_New_Town_from_Edinburgh_Castle.JPG/330px-The_New_Town_from_Edinburgh_Castle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/The_New_Town_from_Edinburgh_Castle.JPG/440px-The_New_Town_from_Edinburgh_Castle.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>View of the First New Town from <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a>, largely obscured by modern shopping developments</figcaption></figure> <p>The intended principal street was named <a href="/wiki/George_Street,_Edinburgh" title="George Street, Edinburgh">George Street</a>, after the king at the time, <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a>. Queen Street was to be located to the north, named after his wife, and St. Giles Street to the south, after the city's patron saint. <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew_Square,_Edinburgh" title="St Andrew Square, Edinburgh">St Andrew Square</a> and St. George's Square were the names chosen to represent the <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Union_1707" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Union 1707">union of Scotland and England</a>. The idea was continued with the smaller Thistle Street (for Scotland's national emblem) between George Street and Queen Street, and <a href="/wiki/Rose_Street" title="Rose Street">Rose Street</a> (for England's emblem) between George Street and Princes Street. </p><p>King George rejected the name St. Giles Street, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Giles" title="Saint Giles">St Giles</a> being the patron saint of lepers and also the name of a slum area or 'rookery' on the edge of the City of London. It was therefore renamed Prince's Street after his eldest son, the <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">Prince of Wales</a>. The name of St. George's Square was changed to <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Square" title="Charlotte Square">Charlotte Square</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" title="Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">the Queen</a>, to avoid confusion with the existing <a href="/wiki/George_Square,_Edinburgh" title="George Square, Edinburgh">George Square</a> on the South Side of the Old Town. The westernmost blocks of Thistle Street were renamed Hill Street and Young Street, making Thistle Street half the length of Rose Street. The three streets completing the grid, Castle, Frederick and Hanover Streets, were named for the view of the castle, King George's second son <a href="/wiki/Prince_Frederick,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany" title="Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany">Prince Frederick</a>, and the House of Hanover respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thistle_Court,_Edinburgh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Thistle_Court%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/220px-Thistle_Court%2C_Edinburgh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Thistle_Court%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/330px-Thistle_Court%2C_Edinburgh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Thistle_Court%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/440px-Thistle_Court%2C_Edinburgh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3088" data-file-height="2056" /></a><figcaption>Thistle Court, the first building in the New Town</figcaption></figure> <p>Craig's proposals hit further problems when development began. Initially the exposed new site was unpopular, leading to a £20 premium being offered to the first builder on site. This was received by John Young who built Thistle Court, the oldest remaining buildings in the New Town, at the east end of Thistle Street in 1767. Instead of building as a terrace as envisaged, he built a small courtyard.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Doubts were overcome soon enough, and further construction started in the east with St. Andrew Square. </p><p>Craig had intended that the view along George Street be terminated by two large churches, situated at the outer edge of each square, on axis with George Street. Whilst the western church on Charlotte Square was built, at St Andrew Square the land behind the proposed church site was owned by <a href="/wiki/Sir_Lawrence_Dundas,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Lawrence Dundas, 1st Baronet">Sir Lawrence Dundas</a>. He decided to build a town mansion here and commissioned a design from Sir <a href="/wiki/William_Chambers_(architect)" title="William Chambers (architect)">William Chambers</a>. The resulting <a href="/wiki/Palladian_architecture" title="Palladian architecture">Palladian</a> mansion, known as <a href="/wiki/Dundas_House" title="Dundas House">Dundas House</a>, was completed in 1774. In 1825 it was acquired by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bank_of_Scotland" title="Royal Bank of Scotland">Royal Bank of Scotland</a> and today is the <a href="/wiki/Registered_office" title="Registered office">registered office</a> of the bank.. The forecourt of the building, with the equestrian monument to <a href="/wiki/John_Hope,_4th_Earl_of_Hopetoun" title="John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun">John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun</a>, occupies the proposed church site. <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_and_St_George%27s_Church,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="St Andrew's and St George's Church, Edinburgh">St. Andrew's Church</a> had to be built on a site on George Street. The lack of a visual termination at the end of this street was remedied in 1823 with <a href="/wiki/William_Burn" title="William Burn">William Burn</a>'s monument to <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dundas,_1st_Viscount_Melville" title="Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville">Henry Dundas</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charlottesq2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Charlottesq2.jpg/550px-Charlottesq2.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Charlottesq2.jpg/825px-Charlottesq2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Charlottesq2.jpg/1100px-Charlottesq2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1351" data-file-height="385" /></a><figcaption>Montage image of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Adam" title="Robert Adam">Robert Adam</a>'s north side of Charlotte Square. <a href="/wiki/Bute_House" title="Bute House">Bute House</a>, official residence of the <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister of Scotland</a>, is in the centre.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first New Town was mainly completed by 1820, with the completion of Charlotte Square. This was built to a design by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Adam" title="Robert Adam">Robert Adam</a>, and was the only architecturally unified section of the New Town. Adam also produced a design for St. George's Church, although his design was superseded by that of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Reid_(architect)" title="Robert Reid (architect)">Robert Reid</a>. The building, now known as West Register House, now houses part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_of_Scotland" title="National Archives of Scotland">National Archives of Scotland</a>. The north side of Charlotte Square features <a href="/wiki/Bute_House" title="Bute House">Bute House</a>, formerly the official residence of the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State for Scotland</a> and, since the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Devolution" title="Devolution">devolution</a> in Scotland, the official residence of the <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister of Scotland</a>. </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:608px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_New_Town_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edinburgh's New Town, viewed from Edinburgh Castle. Princes Street and the Princes Street Gardens are visible in the foreground."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_New_Town_Panorama.jpg/600px-Edinburgh_New_Town_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_New_Town_Panorama.jpg/900px-Edinburgh_New_Town_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_New_Town_Panorama.jpg/1200px-Edinburgh_New_Town_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10040" data-file-height="3330" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_New_Town_Panorama.jpg" title="File:Edinburgh New Town Panorama.jpg"> </a></div>Edinburgh's New Town, viewed from Edinburgh Castle. Princes Street and the Princes Street Gardens are visible in the foreground.</div></div></div> <p>A few small sections remained undeveloped at the time. In 1885 an unbuilt section of Queen Street (an open garden until that time), north of St Andrew Square, provided the site for the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Portrait_Gallery" title="Scottish National Portrait Gallery">Scottish National Portrait Gallery</a>. To the north-west, north of Charlotte Square, the land was part of the Earl of Moray's estate and a long-running boundary dispute with the <a href="/wiki/Moray_Estate" title="Moray Estate">Moray Estate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> caused delay in development. A section of Glenfinlas Street at the north-west corner of Charlotte Square was not completed until 1990 while the western end of Queen Street, north of Charlotte Square, has never been developed. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Georgian_buildings_in_Princes_Street,_Edinburgh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Georgian_buildings_in_Princes_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/220px-Georgian_buildings_in_Princes_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Georgian_buildings_in_Princes_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/330px-Georgian_buildings_in_Princes_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Georgian_buildings_in_Princes_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/440px-Georgian_buildings_in_Princes_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Surviving Georgian buildings in Princes Street</figcaption></figure> <p>The New Town was envisaged as a mainly residential suburb with a number of professional offices of domestic layout. It had few planned retail ground floors, however it did not take long for the commercial potential of the site to be realised. Shops were soon opened on Princes Street, and during the 19th century the majority of the townhouses on that street were replaced with larger commercial buildings. Occasional piecemeal redevelopment continues to this day, though most of Queen Street and Thistle Street, and large sections of George Street, Hanover, Frederick and Castle Streets, are still lined with their original late 18th century buildings. </p><p>Many of the residents of the New Town were wealthy Scottish people (such as <a href="/wiki/James_Lindsay,_24th_Earl_of_Crawford" title="James Lindsay, 24th Earl of Crawford">James Lindsay, 24th Earl of Crawford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dundas,_1st_Viscount_Melville" title="Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville">Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville</a>) who were financially involved in <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_British_and_French_Caribbean" title="Slavery in the British and French Caribbean">slavery in the American colonies</a>, either through involvement in <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">slave-trading</a> or the ownership of <a href="/wiki/Slave_plantation" title="Slave plantation">slave plantations</a>. Jamaican-born historian <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Palmer_(scientist)" title="Geoff Palmer (scientist)">Sir Geoff Palmer</a> stated that "Our glorious New Town, seen by many as the physical embodiment of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Enlightenment" title="Scottish Enlightenment">Scottish Enlightenment</a>, was, sadly, partly funded by the enormous profits derived from the enslavement of Africans."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Northern,_or_Second,_New_Town_and_extensions"><span id="Northern.2C_or_Second.2C_New_Town_and_extensions"></span>Northern, or Second, New Town and extensions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Northern, or Second, New Town and extensions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_King_Street,_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Great_King_Street%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG/220px-Great_King_Street%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Great_King_Street%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG/330px-Great_King_Street%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Great_King_Street%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG/440px-Great_King_Street%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Great King Street. Part of the northern extension to the original New Town</figcaption></figure> <p>After 1800, the success of the first New Town led to grander schemes. The 'Northern New Town' (now usually called the Second New Town) aimed to extend Edinburgh from the north of Queen Street Gardens<sup id="cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdCouncil-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> towards the <a href="/wiki/Water_of_Leith" title="Water of Leith">Water of Leith</a>, with extensions to the east and west. These developments took place mostly between 1800–1830. Initial designs by <a href="/wiki/William_Sibbald" title="William Sibbald">William Sibbald</a> followed the original grid orientation of Craig’s First New Town, with entire streets being built as one construction. Building continued on an extended Hanover Street, called Dundas Street and, beyond Great King Street, Pitt Street (later renamed to Dundas Street in the 1960s), almost 1 km north towards the Water of Leith at <a href="/wiki/Canonmills" title="Canonmills">Canonmills</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Bellevue,_Edinburgh#Bellevue_Crescent" title="Bellevue, Edinburgh">Bellevue Crescent</a> would eventually mark the most northern extent of the New Town project. Streets were laid out either side with Great King Street the central avenue terminated by Drummond Place to the east and Royal Circus to the west. Northumberland Street and Cumberland Street were lesser streets to the south and north respectively. Heriot Row and Abercromby Place, both one-sided streets at the southern limit of the development, enjoyed open aspects to Queen Street Gardens. The builder for large sections of the Second New Town was <a href="/wiki/George_Winton" title="George Winton">George Winton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moray_Place,_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Moray_Place%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG/220px-Moray_Place%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Moray_Place%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG/330px-Moray_Place%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Moray_Place%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG/440px-Moray_Place%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Moray Place. Part of the western extension to the original New Town</figcaption></figure> <p>Very large sections of the Second New Town, built from the early 19th century are also still exactly as built. Townhouses generally occupied the east-west streets, with blocks of flats (called tenements in Scotland) along the north-south streets. Shops were originally generally restricted to the lower floors of the wider north-south streets. The larger houses had service mews running behind and parallel to their terraces. </p><p>The Picardy Place extension (including Broughton Street, Union Street and East London Street) was mostly finished by 1809.<sup id="cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdCouncil-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To the west of the original New Town, Shandwick Place, an extension of Princes Street, was started in 1805. Development of Melville Street and the area north of Shandwick Place followed in 1825.<sup id="cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdCouncil-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gayfield Estate (Gayfield Square) extension was designed in 1807 and from around 1813 the New Town gradually replaced and developed the older village of <a href="/wiki/Stockbridge,_Edinburgh" title="Stockbridge, Edinburgh">Stockbridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdCouncil-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The painter <a href="/wiki/Henry_Raeburn" title="Henry Raeburn">Henry Raeburn</a> bought the Deanhough estate in the northwest of the New Town and started development in 1813 with Ann Street named after his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdCouncil-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1822, the <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Moray" title="Earl of Moray">Earl of Moray</a> had plans drawn up by <a href="/wiki/James_Gillespie_Graham" title="James Gillespie Graham">James Gillespie Graham</a> to develop his Drumsheugh estate, between <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Square" title="Charlotte Square">Charlotte Square</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Water_of_Leith" title="Water of Leith">Water of Leith</a>. This was popular amongst the Scots nobility and wealthy lawyers. The bulk of the estate was complete by 1835, but many of the corner blocks were not finally added until the 1850s. The estate is now usually called the <a href="/wiki/Moray_Estate" title="Moray Estate">Moray Estate</a>. It remains one of the city's most affluent areas and of the most exclusive set of addresses<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gillespie Graham continued the Westward expansion of the New Town here into the estate of Lord Alva, forming the <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Edinburgh" title="West End, Edinburgh">West End Village</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eastern,_or_Third,_New_Town"><span id="Eastern.2C_or_Third.2C_New_Town"></span>Eastern, or Third, New Town</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Eastern, or Third, New Town"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Playfair%27s_plan_of_the_East_New_Town.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Playfair%27s_plan_of_the_East_New_Town.jpg/380px-Playfair%27s_plan_of_the_East_New_Town.jpg" decoding="async" width="380" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Playfair%27s_plan_of_the_East_New_Town.jpg/570px-Playfair%27s_plan_of_the_East_New_Town.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Playfair%27s_plan_of_the_East_New_Town.jpg/760px-Playfair%27s_plan_of_the_East_New_Town.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1304" data-file-height="937" /></a><figcaption>William Henry Playfair's plan for Edinburgh's Eastern New Town approved at a meeting on 27 September 1819, engraving by Wiliiam Home Lizars. <i>Note that the orientation of the plan is with north on the left side, so Calton Hill is on the right.</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In order to extend the New Town eastwards, the Lord Provost, Sir John Marjoribanks, succeeded in getting the elegant <a href="/wiki/Regent_Bridge" title="Regent Bridge">Regent Bridge</a> built.<sup id="cite_ref-SirJohn_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SirJohn-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was completed in 1819. The bridge spanned a deep ravine with narrow inconvenient streets and made access to <a href="/wiki/Calton_Hill" title="Calton Hill">Calton Hill</a> much easier and agreeable from Princes Street.<sup id="cite_ref-Report_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Report-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even before the bridge had been built, Edinburgh Town Council were making preparations for building the Eastern New Town, which would stretch from the slopes of Calton Hill, north to <a href="/wiki/Leith" title="Leith">Leith</a>, between <a href="/wiki/Leith_Walk" title="Leith Walk">Leith Walk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Easter_Road_(road)" class="mw-redirect" title="Easter Road (road)">Easter Road</a>. The Lord Provost made an agreement with the main landowners in 1811, some initial surveying was done and there was a competition for architectural plans for the development that on 1 January 1813, the results of which were inconclusive. A number of prominent architects were then asked for their opinions: <a href="/wiki/William_Stark_(architect)" title="William Stark (architect)">William Stark</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Gillespie_Graham" title="James Gillespie Graham">James Gillespie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Calton_Cemetery#Robert_Burn" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Calton Cemetery">Robert Burn</a> and his son <a href="/wiki/William_Burn" title="William Burn">William Burn</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Paterson_(architect)" title="John Paterson (architect)">John Paterson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Reid_(architect)" title="Robert Reid (architect)">Robert Reid</a> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-Youngson2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youngson2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stark's observations were particularly valued and he went on to expand them in a <i>"Report to the Lord Provost, Magistrates and Council of Edinburgh on the Plans for Laying out the Grounds for Buildings between Edinburgh and Leith"</i>. Stark died on 9 October 1813, and his report was published posthumously in 1814. </p><p>The commissioners decided to turn to Stark's pupil <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Playfair" title="William Henry Playfair">William Henry Playfair</a>. He was appointed in February 1818, and produced a plan in April 1819, that closely followed Starks's recommendations. Playfair’s designs were intended to create a New Town even more magnificent than Craig's.<sup id="cite_ref-Youngson_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youngson-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Scottish_Academy,_Edinburgh.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Royal_Scottish_Academy%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/220px-Royal_Scottish_Academy%2C_Edinburgh.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Royal_Scottish_Academy%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/330px-Royal_Scottish_Academy%2C_Edinburgh.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Royal_Scottish_Academy%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/440px-Royal_Scottish_Academy%2C_Edinburgh.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The Old Royal High School on Calton Hill</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Regent_Terrace" title="Regent Terrace">Regent Terrace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlton_Terrace,_Edinburgh" title="Carlton Terrace, Edinburgh">Carlton Terrace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Terrace,_Edinburgh" title="Royal Terrace, Edinburgh">Royal Terrace</a> on Calton Hill were built, also Hillside Crescent and some adjoining streets, but the development further north in the direction of Leith was never completed. On the south side of Calton Hill various monuments were erected as well as the <a href="/wiki/Old_Royal_High_School" title="Old Royal High School">Royal High School</a>, designed in Greek revival style by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hamilton_(architect)" title="Thomas Hamilton (architect)">Thomas Hamilton</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="West_End">West End</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: West End"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>For the history and development of the West End of New Town see: <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Edinburgh" title="West End, Edinburgh">West End, Edinburgh</a>.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_additions">Other additions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other additions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regent_Terrace_Edinburgh3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Regent_Terrace_Edinburgh3.JPG/220px-Regent_Terrace_Edinburgh3.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Regent_Terrace_Edinburgh3.JPG/330px-Regent_Terrace_Edinburgh3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Regent_Terrace_Edinburgh3.JPG/440px-Regent_Terrace_Edinburgh3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Regent Terrace, part of Playfair's eastern extension of the New Town</figcaption></figure> <p>A few modest developments in Canonmills were started in the 1820s but none were completed at that time. For several decades the operations of the tannery at <a href="/wiki/Silvermills" title="Silvermills">Silvermills</a> inhibited development in the immediate vicinity. From the 1830s onward, development slowed but following the completion in 1831 of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Telford" title="Thomas Telford">Thomas Telford</a>’s <a href="/wiki/Dean_Bridge" title="Dean Bridge">Dean Bridge</a>, the Dean Estate had some developments built. These included the Dean Orphanage (now the <a href="/wiki/Dean_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Dean Gallery">Dean Gallery</a>), <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Stewart%27s_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Stewart's College">Daniel Stewart's College</a>, streets to the Northeast of Queensferry Street (in the 1850s), Buckingham Terrace (in 1860) and Learmonth Terrace (in 1873).<sup id="cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdCouncil-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 19th century Edinburgh's second railway, the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh,_Leith_and_Newhaven_Railway" title="Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway">Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway</a>, built a tunnel under the New Town to link Scotland Street with Canal Street (later absorbed into <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Waverley_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Waverley railway station">Waverley Station</a>). After its closure, the tunnel was used to grow mushrooms, and during World War 2 as an air raid shelter.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principal_losses">Principal losses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Principal losses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drumsheugh_Gardens,_Edinburgh.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Drumsheugh_Gardens%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/220px-Drumsheugh_Gardens%2C_Edinburgh.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Drumsheugh_Gardens%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/330px-Drumsheugh_Gardens%2C_Edinburgh.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Drumsheugh_Gardens%2C_Edinburgh.JPG/440px-Drumsheugh_Gardens%2C_Edinburgh.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Drumsheugh Gardens. Part of the further western, Victorian extension to the New Town and <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Edinburgh" title="West End, Edinburgh">West End</a></figcaption></figure> <p>An attempt to build an elevated walkway along the length of Princes Street involved the planned demolition of the entire street in a radical plan published in the 1960s. The plan was unpopular but before it was abandoned in 1982, seven buildings were removed. The old Boots building at 102 Princes Street, with its series of statues of <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace" title="William Wallace">William Wallace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Robert Burns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_the_Bruce" title="Robert the Bruce">Robert the Bruce</a>, was demolished in 1965. The North British & Mercantile Insurance Company building at number 64 followed. The New Club, designed by <a href="/wiki/William_Burn" title="William Burn">William Burn</a> and extended by <a href="/wiki/David_Bryce" title="David Bryce">David Bryce</a>, and the adjacent Life Association of Scotland building by <a href="/wiki/David_Rhind" title="David Rhind">David Rhind</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sir_Charles_Barry" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Charles Barry">Sir Charles Barry</a> also came down.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lost streets include those in the St James Square area, demolished in the 1960s to make way for the St James Shopping Centre and offices for the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Office" title="Scottish Office">Scottish Office</a>. This mainly tenemental area, reported as having a population of 3,763, was demolished largely on the basis of being slums with only 61 of 1,100 dwellings being considered fit for habitation. Also demolished as slums was most of Jamaica Street at the west end of the Second New Town. </p><p>Bellevue House by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Adam" title="Robert Adam">Robert Adam</a>, which became the Excise or Custom House, was built in 1775, before the New Town extended to the area, in what is now Drummond Place Gardens. Great King Street and London Street in the Northern or Second New Town were aligned on this building but it was demolished in the 1840s due to the construction of the Scotland Street railway tunnel below.<sup id="cite_ref-Gifford_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gifford-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Street_lamp,_Edinburgh_New_Town.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Street_lamp%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.jpg/170px-Street_lamp%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Street_lamp%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.jpg/255px-Street_lamp%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Street_lamp%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.jpg/340px-Street_lamp%2C_Edinburgh_New_Town.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>Typical New Town street lamps (in Nelson Street)</figcaption></figure> <p>The New Town is home to the <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery of Scotland">National Gallery of Scotland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Scottish_Academy_Building" title="Royal Scottish Academy Building">Royal Scottish Academy Building</a>, both designed by Playfair and located next to each other on The Mound. The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Portrait_Gallery" title="Scottish National Portrait Gallery">Scottish National Portrait Gallery</a> is on Queen Street. Other notable buildings include the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_Rooms_(Edinburgh)" title="Assembly Rooms (Edinburgh)">Assembly Rooms</a> on George Street, the <a href="/wiki/Balmoral_Hotel" title="Balmoral Hotel">Balmoral Hotel</a> (formerly called the <i>North British Hotel</i>, after a railway company) with its landmark clock tower above <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Waverley_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Waverley railway station">Waverley Station</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Scott_Monument" title="Scott Monument">Scott Monument</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cockburn_Association" title="Cockburn Association">Cockburn Association</a> (Edinburgh Civic Trust) is prominent in campaigning to preserve the architectural integrity of the New Town. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shopping">Shopping</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Shopping"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The New Town contains Edinburgh's main shopping streets. Princes Street is home to many chain shops, formerly including <a href="/wiki/Jenners" title="Jenners">Jenners department store</a>, an Edinburgh institution. <a href="/wiki/George_Street,_Edinburgh" title="George Street, Edinburgh">George Street</a>, once the financial centre, now has numerous modern bars, many occupying former banking halls, while <a href="/wiki/Multrees_Walk" title="Multrees Walk">Multrees Walk</a> on St. Andrew Square is home to <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Nichols" title="Harvey Nichols">Harvey Nichols</a> and other designer shops. The <a href="/wiki/St._James_Centre" title="St. James Centre">St. James Centre</a>, at the east end of the New Town, was an indoor mall completed in 1970. Often considered an unwelcome addition to New Town architecture, it included a large branch of <a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_Partnership" title="John Lewis Partnership">John Lewis</a>. The St. James Centre (excluding John Lewis) closed on Sunday, 16 October 2016 and has been demolished. It was redeveloped and reopened in 2021 as the <a href="/wiki/St_James_Quarter" title="St James Quarter">St James Quarter</a>. Also, by the Waverley Station lies <a href="/wiki/Waverley_Market" title="Waverley Market">Waverley Market</a>, which contains many high street stores including: <a href="/wiki/Game_(retailer)" title="Game (retailer)">Game</a>, <a href="/wiki/Costa_Coffee" title="Costa Coffee">Costa</a>, <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sainsbury%27s" title="Sainsbury's">Sainsbury's</a>, <a href="/wiki/KFC" title="KFC">KFC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subway_(restaurant)" title="Subway (restaurant)">Subway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Superdry" title="Superdry">Superdry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greggs" title="Greggs">Greggs</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_residents">Notable residents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notable residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J_M_Barrie" class="mw-redirect" title="J M Barrie">J M Barrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Brunton" title="Mary Brunton">Mary Brunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey">Thomas De Quincey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle" title="Arthur Conan Doyle">Arthur Conan Doyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsie_Inglis" title="Elsie Inglis">Elsie Inglis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Kennedy" title="Ludovic Kennedy">Ludovic Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">James Clerk Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_McLagan" title="Peter McLagan">Peter McLagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Katharine_Mitchell" title="Ann Katharine Mitchell">Ann Katharine Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Sinclair" title="Catherine Sinclair">Catherine Sinclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moira_Shearer" title="Moira Shearer">Moira Shearer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Somerville" title="Mary Somerville">Mary Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Louis_Stevenson" title="Robert Louis Stevenson">Robert Louis Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Stopes" title="Marie Stopes">Marie Stopes</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_Scotland" title="Banknotes of Scotland">Banknotes of Scotland</a> (featured on design)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Edinburgh" title="History of Edinburgh">History of Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Category_A_listed_buildings_in_the_New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="List of Category A listed buildings in the New Town, Edinburgh">List of Category A listed buildings in the New Town, Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Sites_in_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage Sites in Scotland">World Heritage Sites in Scotland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandGDL00367" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/GDL00367">"The New Town Gardens (GDL00367)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+New+Town+Gardens+%28GDL00367%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FGDL00367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant" class="citation book cs1">Grant, James. <i>Old and New Edinburgh</i>. Vol. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Old+and+New+Edinburgh&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Glendinning-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Glendinning_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glendinning_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlendinning_and_MacKechnie2004" class="citation book cs1">Glendinning and MacKechnie (2004). <i>Scottish Architecture</i>. Thames and Hudson. p. 120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-20374-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-500-20374-1"><bdi>0-500-20374-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scottish+Architecture&rft.pages=120&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-500-20374-1&rft.au=Glendinning+and+MacKechnie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span>; citing pamphlet entitled 'Proposals for Carrying on Certain Public Works in the City of Edinburgh'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Montgomery_2017-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Montgomery_2017_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Montgomery_2017_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMontgomery2017" class="citation book cs1">Montgomery, John (29 September 2017). <i>The New Wealth of Cities</i>. Routledge. p. 122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-351-88499-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-351-88499-0"><bdi>978-1-351-88499-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Wealth+of+Cities&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017-09-29&rft.isbn=978-1-351-88499-0&rft.aulast=Montgomery&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.nls.uk/view/74400229#zoom=5&lat=6936&lon=5735&layers=BT">"A plan of Edinburgh and places adjacent"</a>. <i>Counties of Scotland, 1580-1928</i>. National Library of Scotland<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Counties+of+Scotland%2C+1580-1928&rft.atitle=A+plan+of+Edinburgh+and+places+adjacent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaps.nls.uk%2Fview%2F74400229%23zoom%3D5%26lat%3D6936%26lon%3D5735%26layers%3DBT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewht.org.uk/thistle-court">"Thistle Court"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thistle+Court&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewht.org.uk%2Fthistle-court&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Buildings of Scotland: Edinburgh, by Gifford, McWilliam and Walker</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.scotsman.com/arts-and-culture/edinburghs-new-town-built-on-black-slavery-238462">https://www.scotsman.com/arts-and-culture/edinburghs-new-town-built-on-black-slavery-238462</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EdCouncil-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdCouncil_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_City_of_Edinburgh_Council2005" class="citation web cs1">The City of Edinburgh Council (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/downloads/file/750/new_town_conservation_area_character_appraisal">"New Town Conservation Area Character Appraisal"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Town+Conservation+Area+Character+Appraisal&rft.date=2005&rft.au=The+City+of+Edinburgh+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edinburgh.gov.uk%2Fdownloads%2Ffile%2F750%2Fnew_town_conservation_area_character_appraisal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/architect_full.php?id=408213">"Dictionary of Scottish Architects - DSA Architect Biography Report (August 29, 2021, 9:48 pm)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Scottish+Architects+-+DSA+Architect+Biography+Report+%28August+29%2C+2021%2C+9%3A48+pm%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scottisharchitects.org.uk%2Farchitect_full.php%3Fid%3D408213&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.morayfeu.com/history/">"History – Lord Moray's Feu"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+%E2%80%93+Lord+Moray%27s+Feu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.morayfeu.com%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.engineshed.scot/2018/12/18/838/#:~:text=Unlike%20architects%20Robert%20Adam%20or,most%20hard-working%20Georgian%20architects.">"Engine Shed guidance for owners and occupiers of traditional buildings"</a>. 18 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Engine+Shed+guidance+for+owners+and+occupiers+of+traditional+buildings&rft.date=2018-12-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.engineshed.scot%2F2018%2F12%2F18%2F838%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DUnlike%2520architects%2520Robert%2520Adam%2520or%2Cmost%2520hard-working%2520Georgian%2520architects.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SirJohn-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SirJohn_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marjoribanks, Roger (2014) "Edinburgh Portrait, Sir John Marjoribanks, Bart, MP (1763–1833)" The Book of the Edinburgh Club, Volume 10, Pp 151-156, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9517284-9-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-9517284-9-0">0-9517284-9-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Report-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Report_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB27945" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB27945">"Regent Bridge carrying Waterloo Place over Calton Road including Railings (Category A Listed Building) (LB27945)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regent+Bridge+carrying+Waterloo+Place+over+Calton+Road+including+Railings+%28Category+A+Listed+Building%29+%28LB27945%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB27945&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Youngson2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Youngson2_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Youngson, A.J. (1966): "The Making of Classical Edinburgh", <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_University_Press" title="Edinburgh University Press">Edinburgh University Press</a>, Edinburgh, UK, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7486-1768-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7486-1768-X">0-7486-1768-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Youngson-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Youngson_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Youngson, A.J. (2001): "The Companion Guide to Edinburgh and the borders", Chapter 9 (Calton Hill), <a href="/wiki/Polygon_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Polygon Books">Polygon Books</a>, Edinburgh, UK, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7486-6307-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7486-6307-X">0-7486-6307-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inews.co.uk/inews-lifestyle/travel/mushroom-farming-wartime-air-raids-hidden-tunnel-underneath-edinburghs-new-town-streets-77301">"From mushroom farming to wartime air raids: the hidden tunnel underneath Edinburgh's New Town streets"</a>. I News. 12 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=From+mushroom+farming+to+wartime+air+raids%3A+the+hidden+tunnel+underneath+Edinburgh%E2%80%99s+New+Town+streets&rft.pub=I+News&rft.date=2017-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finews.co.uk%2Finews-lifestyle%2Ftravel%2Fmushroom-farming-wartime-air-raids-hidden-tunnel-underneath-edinburghs-new-town-streets-77301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edinburghlive.co.uk/news/history/abandoned-edinburgh-tunnel-runs-kilometre-23802244">"The abandoned Edinburgh tunnel that runs for a kilometre beneath the New Town"</a>. I News. 30 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+abandoned+Edinburgh+tunnel+that+runs+for+a+kilometre+beneath+the+New+Town&rft.pub=I+News&rft.date=2022-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.edinburghlive.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fhistory%2Fabandoned-edinburgh-tunnel-runs-kilometre-23802244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edinburghlive.co.uk/news/edinburgh-news/brutal-surgery-how-crackpot-plan-16198428">"Brutal surgery" - how a crackpot plan to create an 'elevated walkway' almost doomed Princes Street, BP Perry, edinburghlive, 29 April 2019</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gifford-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gifford_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiffordMcWilliamWalker1984" class="citation book cs1">Gifford, John; McWilliam, Colin; Walker, David (1984). <i>The buildings of Scotland: Edinburgh</i>. Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-071068-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-071068-X"><bdi>0-14-071068-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+buildings+of+Scotland%3A+Edinburgh&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-14-071068-X&rft.aulast=Gifford&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=McWilliam%2C+Colin&rft.au=Walker%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Town%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Davey, Andy et al. <i>The Care and Conservation of Georgian Houses: A maintenance manual for Edinburgh New Town</i>. 4th edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Architecture, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7506-1860-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7506-1860-4">0-7506-1860-4</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:New_Town_of_Edinburgh" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:New Town of Edinburgh">New Town of Edinburgh</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Edinburgh/New_Town#Q590710" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Edinburgh/New Town">Edinburgh/New Town</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.nls.uk/view/74400071#zoom=3&lat=10614&lon=5276&layers=BT">Kincaid map showing the First New Town in 1784 </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/728">UNESCO World Heritage Site Inscription</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Residential_areas_in_the_Edinburgh_(settlement)_urban_area217" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Areas_of_Edinburgh" title="Template:Areas of Edinburgh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Areas_of_Edinburgh" title="Template talk:Areas of Edinburgh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Areas_of_Edinburgh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Areas of Edinburgh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Residential_areas_in_the_Edinburgh_(settlement)_urban_area217" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Residential areas in the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population#Settlements" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">settlement</a>) urban area</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbeyhill" title="Abbeyhill">Abbeyhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bingham,_Edinburgh" title="Bingham, Edinburgh">Bingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnington,_Edinburgh" title="Bonnington, Edinburgh">Bonnington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broughton,_Edinburgh" title="Broughton, Edinburgh">Broughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunstane" title="Brunstane">Brunstane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigentinny" title="Craigentinny">Craigentinny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigmillar" title="Craigmillar">Craigmillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duddingston" title="Duddingston">Duddingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Road_(street)" title="Easter Road (street)">Easter Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Junction_Street" title="Great Junction Street">Great Junction Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joppa,_Edinburgh" title="Joppa, Edinburgh">Joppa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leith" title="Leith">Leith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leith_Docks" class="mw-redirect" title="Leith Docks">Leith Docks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochend,_Edinburgh" title="Lochend, Edinburgh">Lochend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalene,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Magdalene, Edinburgh">Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadowbank,_Edinburgh" title="Meadowbank, Edinburgh">Meadowbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountcastle,_Edinburgh" title="Mountcastle, Edinburgh">Mountcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niddrie,_Edinburgh" title="Niddrie, Edinburgh">Niddrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northfield,_Edinburgh" title="Northfield, Edinburgh">Northfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piershill" title="Piershill">Piershill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilrig" title="Pilrig">Pilrig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portobello,_Edinburgh" title="Portobello, Edinburgh">Portobello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restalrig" title="Restalrig">Restalrig</a></li> <li>Willowbrae</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Harbour,_Edinburgh" title="Western Harbour, Edinburgh">Western Harbour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_urban_area_(settlement_area).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edinburgh's Old and New Towns"><img alt="Edinburgh's Old and New Towns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg/300px-Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg/450px-Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg/600px-Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1562" data-file-height="1031" /></a><figcaption>Edinburgh's Old and New Towns</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alnwickhill" title="Alnwickhill">Alnwickhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackford,_Edinburgh" title="Blackford, Edinburgh">Blackford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braid_Hills" title="Braid Hills">Braid Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruntsfield" title="Bruntsfield">Bruntsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdiehouse" title="Burdiehouse">Burdiehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canongate,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Canongate, Edinburgh">Canongate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrick_Knowe" title="Carrick Knowe">Carrick Knowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiston" title="Comiston">Comiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumbiedykes" title="Dumbiedykes">Dumbiedykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernieside" title="Fernieside">Fernieside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilmerton" title="Gilmerton">Gilmerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenbank,_Edinburgh" title="Greenbank, Edinburgh">Greenbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_Edinburgh" title="Haymarket, Edinburgh">Haymarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calton_Hill" title="Calton Hill">Hillside and Calton Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberton,_Edinburgh" title="Liberton, Edinburgh">Liberton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchmont" title="Marchmont">Marchmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moredun" title="Moredun">Moredun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morningside,_Edinburgh" title="Morningside, Edinburgh">Morningside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortonhall" title="Mortonhall">Mortonhall</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newington,_Edinburgh" title="Newington, Edinburgh">Newington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Old Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prestonfield,_Edinburgh" title="Prestonfield, Edinburgh">Prestonfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciennes" title="Sciennes">Sciennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Southhouse">Southhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southside,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Southside, Edinburgh">Southside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Inch,_Edinburgh" title="The Inch, Edinburgh">The Inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Grange,_Edinburgh" title="The Grange, Edinburgh">The Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tollcross,_Edinburgh" title="Tollcross, Edinburgh">Tollcross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Edinburgh" title="West End, Edinburgh">West End</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baberton" title="Baberton">Baberton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balerno" title="Balerno">Balerno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankhead,_Edinburgh" title="Bankhead, Edinburgh">Bankhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaly" title="Bonaly">Bonaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broomhouse,_Edinburgh" title="Broomhouse, Edinburgh">Broomhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesser,_Edinburgh" title="Chesser, Edinburgh">Chesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovenstone" title="Clovenstone">Clovenstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colinton" title="Colinton">Colinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currie" title="Currie">Currie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craiglockhart" title="Craiglockhart">Craiglockhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalry,_Edinburgh" title="Dalry, Edinburgh">Dalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairmilehead" title="Fairmilehead">Fairmilehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firrhill" title="Firrhill">Firrhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountainbridge" title="Fountainbridge">Fountainbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgie" title="Gorgie">Gorgie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhill,_Edinburgh" title="Greenhill, Edinburgh">Greenhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juniper_Green" title="Juniper Green">Juniper Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsknowe" title="Kingsknowe">Kingsknowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longstone,_Edinburgh" title="Longstone, Edinburgh">Longstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchiston" title="Merchiston">Merchiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrayburn" class="mw-redirect" title="Murrayburn">Murrayburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxgangs" title="Oxgangs">Oxgangs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkhead,_Edinburgh" title="Parkhead, Edinburgh">Parkhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polwarth,_Edinburgh" title="Polwarth, Edinburgh">Polwarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roseburn" title="Roseburn">Roseburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saughton,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Saughton, Edinburgh">Saughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandon,_Edinburgh" title="Shandon, Edinburgh">Shandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sighthill,_Edinburgh" title="Sighthill, Edinburgh">Sighthill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slateford" title="Slateford">Slateford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stenhouse,_Edinburgh" title="Stenhouse, Edinburgh">Stenhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Calders" title="The Calders">The Calders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wester_Hailes" title="Wester Hailes">Wester Hailes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balgreen" title="Balgreen">Balgreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnton,_Edinburgh" title="Barnton, Edinburgh">Barnton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackhall,_Edinburgh" title="Blackhall, Edinburgh">Blackhall</a></li> <li>Boswall</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canonmills" title="Canonmills">Canonmills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cammo" title="Cammo">Cammo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clermiston" title="Clermiston">Clermiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comely_Bank" title="Comely Bank">Comely Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corstorphine" title="Corstorphine">Corstorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigleith,_Edinburgh" title="Craigleith, Edinburgh">Craigleith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cramond" title="Cramond">Cramond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crewe_Toll" title="Crewe Toll">Crewe Toll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidson%27s_Mains" title="Davidson's Mains">Davidson's Mains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Village" title="Dean Village">Dean Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drumbrae" title="Drumbrae">Drumbrae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drylaw" title="Drylaw">Drylaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Craigs" title="East Craigs">East Craigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldenacre" title="Goldenacre">Goldenacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracemount" title="Gracemount">Gracemount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granton,_Edinburgh" title="Granton, Edinburgh">Granton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverleith" title="Inverleith">Inverleith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muirhouse" title="Muirhouse">Muirhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrayfield" title="Murrayfield">Murrayfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newhaven,_Edinburgh" title="Newhaven, Edinburgh">Newhaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilton,_Edinburgh" title="Pilton, Edinburgh">Pilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravelston" title="Ravelston">Ravelston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverknowes" title="Silverknowes">Silverknowes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Gyle" title="South Gyle">South Gyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockbridge,_Edinburgh" title="Stockbridge, Edinburgh">Stockbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity,_Edinburgh" title="Trinity, Edinburgh">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warriston" title="Warriston">Warriston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Lothian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Musselburgh" title="Musselburgh">Musselburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fisherrow" title="Fisherrow">Fisherrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inveresk" title="Inveresk">Inveresk</a></li> <li>Levenhall</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monktonhall" class="mw-redirect" title="Monktonhall">Monktonhall</a></li> <li>Pinkie</li> <li>Stoneybank</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallyford" title="Wallyford">Wallyford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>See also: <a href="/wiki/Areas_of_Edinburgh" title="Areas of Edinburgh">Areas of Edinburgh</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom293" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom293" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom">World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> <ul><li><small>as part of <a href="/wiki/Great_Spa_Towns_of_Europe" title="Great Spa Towns of Europe">Great Spa Towns of Europe</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blenheim_Palace" title="Blenheim Palace">Blenheim Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_Augustine%27s_Abbey" title="St Augustine's Abbey">St Augustine's Abbey</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_Church,_Canterbury" title="St Martin's Church, Canterbury">St Martin's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornwall_and_West_Devon_Mining_Landscape" title="Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape">Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derwent_Valley_Mills" title="Derwent Valley Mills">Derwent Valley Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_Castle" title="Durham Castle">Durham Castle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Durham_Cathedral" title="Durham Cathedral">Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_(Roman_Empire)" title="Limes (Roman Empire)">Frontiers of the Roman Empire</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Wall" title="Hadrian's Wall">Hadrian's Wall</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ironbridge_Gorge" title="Ironbridge Gorge">Ironbridge Gorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodrell_Bank_Observatory" title="Jodrell Bank Observatory">Jodrell Bank Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurassic_Coast" title="Jurassic Coast">Jurassic Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Gardens" title="Kew Gardens">Kew Royal Botanic Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_District" title="Lake District">Lake District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich" title="Greenwich">Maritime Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a> and <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> including <a href="/wiki/St_Margaret%27s,_Westminster" title="St Margaret's, Westminster">St Margaret's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltaire" title="Saltaire">Saltaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonehenge,_Avebury_and_Associated_Sites" title="Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites">Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studley_Royal_Park" title="Studley Royal Park">Studley Royal Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fountains_Abbey" title="Fountains Abbey">Fountains Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stonehenge-Green.jpg/100px-Stonehenge-Green.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stonehenge-Green.jpg/150px-Stonehenge-Green.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stonehenge-Green.jpg/200px-Stonehenge-Green.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="355" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Scotland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Edinburgh Old Town</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">New Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flow_Country" title="Flow Country">Flow Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forth_Bridge" title="Forth Bridge">Forth Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_(Roman_Empire)" title="Limes (Roman Empire)">Frontiers of the Roman Empire</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Antonine_Wall" title="Antonine Wall">Antonine Wall</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Neolithic_Orkney" title="Heart of Neolithic Orkney">Heart of Neolithic Orkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Lanark" title="New Lanark">New Lanark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda,_Scotland" title="St Kilda, Scotland">St Kilda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Wales" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaenavon_Industrial_Landscape" title="Blaenavon Industrial Landscape">Blaenavon Industrial Landscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castles_and_Town_Walls_of_King_Edward_in_Gwynedd" title="Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd">Castles and Town Walls of King Edward I in Gwynedd</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Beaumaris_Castle" title="Beaumaris Castle">Beaumaris Castle</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Caernarfon_Castle" title="Caernarfon Castle">Caernarfon Castle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caernarfon_town_walls" title="Caernarfon town walls">Town Walls</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Conwy_Castle" title="Conwy Castle">Conwy Castle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conwy_town_walls" title="Conwy town walls">Town Walls</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Harlech_Castle" title="Harlech Castle">Harlech Castle</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontcysyllte_Aqueduct" title="Pontcysyllte Aqueduct">Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate_industry_in_Wales" title="Slate industry in Wales">The Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Ireland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant%27s_Causeway" title="Giant's Causeway">Giant's Causeway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British Overseas Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gorham%27s_Cave" title="Gorham's Cave">Gorham's Cave Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Island" title="Gough Island">Gough Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inaccessible_Island" title="Inaccessible Island">Inaccessible Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson_Island_(Pitcairn_Islands)" title="Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands)">Henderson Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Bermuda" title="St. George's, Bermuda">Town of St George and Related Fortifications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Former_UNESCO_World_Heritage_Sites" title="Former UNESCO World Heritage Sites">Former</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Maritime_Mercantile_City" title="Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City">Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&oldid=1216782470">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Town,_Edinburgh&oldid=1216782470</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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