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Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%B7_%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86" title="مخطط زمني رسومي للكون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مخطط زمني رسومي للكون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF" title="মহাবিস্ফোরণের চিত্রলৈখিক কালপঞ্জি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মহাবিস্ফোরণের চিত্রলৈখিক কালপঞ্জি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A0fica_cronol%C3%B2gica_del_big-bang" title="Gràfica cronològica del big-bang – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gràfica cronològica del big-bang" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafisk_tidslinje_for_Big_Bang" title="Grafisk tidslinje for Big Bang – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grafisk tidslinje for Big Bang" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bangaren_denbora-lerro_grafikoa" title="Big Bangaren denbora-lerro grafikoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Big Bangaren denbora-lerro grafikoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frise_chronologique_du_Big_Bang" title="Frise chronologique du Big Bang – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Frise chronologique du Big Bang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%8F%AD%EB%B0%9C%EC%9D%98_%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%ED%94%BD_%EC%97%B0%ED%91%9C" title="대폭발의 그래픽 연표 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대폭발의 그래픽 연표" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az_%C5%91srobban%C3%A1s_lefoly%C3%A1s%C3%A1nak_grafikus_%C3%A1br%C3%A1zol%C3%A1sa" title="Az ősrobbanás lefolyásának grafikus ábrázolása – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Az ősrobbanás lefolyásának grafikus ábrázolása" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хронолошка скала на Големата експлозија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хронолошка скала на Големата експлозија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katta_portlashning_grafik_silsilasi" title="Katta portlashning grafik silsilasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Katta portlashning grafik silsilasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronologia_gr%C3%A1fica_do_Universo" title="Cronologia gráfica do Universo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cronologia gráfica do Universo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronologia_grafic%C4%83_a_Big_Bang-ului" title="Cronologia grafică a Big Bang-ului – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cronologia grafică a Big Bang-ului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkur%C3%A4j%C3%A4hdyksen_graafinen_aikajana" title="Alkuräjähdyksen graafinen aikajana – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alkuräjähdyksen graafinen aikajana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%87" title="เส้นเวลากราฟิกของบิกแบง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เส้นเวลากราฟิกของบิกแบง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">Physical cosmology</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:WMAP_2012.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Full-sky image derived from nine years' WMAP data" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/WMAP_2012.png/220px-WMAP_2012.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/WMAP_2012.png/330px-WMAP_2012.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/WMAP_2012.png/440px-WMAP_2012.png 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="border:0;font-weight:normal; display:block;margin-bottom:0.4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">Universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_the_universe" title="Age of the universe">Age of the universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe" title="Chronology of the universe">Chronology of the universe</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddd8e7;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Early universe</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_inflation" title="Cosmic inflation">Inflation</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis" title="Big Bang nucleosynthesis">Nucleosynthesis</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;"> Backgrounds</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_wave_background" title="Gravitational wave background">Gravitational wave (GWB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background" title="Cosmic microwave background">Microwave (CMB)</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_neutrino_background" title="Cosmic neutrino background">Neutrino (CNB)</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddd8e7;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Expansion <b>·</b> Future</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hubble%27s_law" title="Hubble's law">Hubble's law</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Redshift" title="Redshift">Redshift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_the_universe" title="Expansion of the universe">Expansion of the universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedmann%E2%80%93Lema%C3%AEtre%E2%80%93Robertson%E2%80%93Walker_metric" title="Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric">FLRW metric</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Friedmann_equations" title="Friedmann equations">Friedmann equations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inhomogeneous_cosmology" title="Inhomogeneous cosmology">Inhomogeneous cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_an_expanding_universe" title="Future of an expanding universe">Future of an expanding universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe" title="Ultimate fate of the universe">Ultimate fate of the universe</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddd8e7;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Components <b>·</b> Structure</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;"> Components</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lambda-CDM_model" title="Lambda-CDM model">Lambda-CDM model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_energy" title="Dark energy">Dark energy</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dark_matter" title="Dark matter">Dark matter</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;"> Structure</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe" title="Shape of the universe">Shape of the universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_filament" title="Galaxy filament">Galaxy filament</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution" title="Galaxy formation and evolution">Galaxy formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_quasar_group" title="Large quasar group">Large quasar group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observable_universe#Large-scale_structure" title="Observable universe">Large-scale structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reionization" title="Reionization">Reionization</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Structure_formation" title="Structure formation">Structure formation</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddd8e7;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Observational_cosmology" title="Observational cosmology">Experiments</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hole_Initiative" title="Black Hole Initiative">Black Hole Initiative (BHI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOOMERanG_experiment" title="BOOMERanG experiment">BOOMERanG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Energy_Survey" title="Dark Energy Survey">Dark Energy Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planck_(spacecraft)" title="Planck (spacecraft)">Planck space observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloan_Digital_Sky_Survey" title="Sloan Digital Sky Survey">Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2dF_Galaxy_Redshift_Survey" title="2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey">2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey ("2dF")</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe" title="Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe">Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy<br />Probe (WMAP)</a></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddd8e7;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Scientists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.9em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Aaronson" title="Marc Aaronson">Aaronson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Alpher" title="Ralph Alpher">Alpher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus" title="Nicolaus Copernicus">Copernicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_de_Sitter" title="Willem de Sitter">de Sitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Dicke" title="Robert H. Dicke">Dicke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Ehlers" title="Jürgen Ehlers">Ehlers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._R._Ellis" title="George F. R. Ellis">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Friedmann" title="Alexander Friedmann">Friedmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Gamow" title="George Gamow">Gamow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Guth" title="Alan Guth">Guth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Hawking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Hubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens" title="Christiaan Huygens">Huygens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Kepler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Lema%C3%AEtre" title="Georges Lemaître">Lemaître</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias">Penzias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Rubin" title="Vera Rubin">Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Schmidt" title="Brian Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Smoot" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_B._Suntzeff" title="Nicholas B. Suntzeff">Suntzeff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashid_Sunyaev" title="Rashid Sunyaev">Sunyaev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Tolman" title="Richard C. Tolman">Tolman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakov_Zeldovich" title="Yakov Zeldovich">Zeldovich</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cosmologists" title="List of cosmologists">List of cosmologists</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddd8e7;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology#Subject_history" title="Physical cosmology">Subject history</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_cosmic_microwave_background_radiation" title="Discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation">Discovery of cosmic microwave<br />background radiation</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Big_Bang_theory" title="History of the Big Bang theory">History of the Big Bang theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_cosmological_theories" title="Timeline of cosmological theories">Timeline of cosmological theories</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="display:block;margin-top:0.4em; line-height:1.6em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Physical_cosmology" title="Category:Physical cosmology">Category</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/16px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/24px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/32px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Physical_cosmology" title="Template:Physical cosmology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Physical_cosmology" title="Template talk:Physical cosmology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Physical_cosmology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Physical cosmology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This timeline of the Big Bang shows a sequence of events as currently theorized. </p><p>It is a <a href="/wiki/Logarithmic_scale" title="Logarithmic scale">logarithmic scale</a> that shows <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 10\cdot \log _{10}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>10</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 10\cdot \log _{10}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bdf0a239bb0896f3377cb95491e08cfcbc434b24" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:8.852ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 10\cdot \log _{10}}"></span> <i>second</i> instead of <i>second</i>. For example, one <a href="/wiki/Microsecond" title="Microsecond">microsecond</a> is <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 10\cdot \log _{10}0.000001=10\cdot (-6)=-60}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>10</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⁡</mo> <mn>0.000001</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mn>10</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>60</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 10\cdot \log _{10}0.000001=10\cdot (-6)=-60}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/148001e4ac7c8dfa46e091f34febf8a5bdac7c5e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:37.137ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 10\cdot \log _{10}0.000001=10\cdot (-6)=-60}"></span>. To convert −30 read on the scale to second calculate <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 10^{-{\frac {30}{10}}}=10^{-3}=0.001}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>30</mn> <mn>10</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.001</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 10^{-{\frac {30}{10}}}=10^{-3}=0.001}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dd80d9dca5c0cf699dabadf4885bf8684e3f66f1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:22.158ex; height:3.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 10^{-{\frac {30}{10}}}=10^{-3}=0.001}"></span> second = one <a href="/wiki/Millisecond" title="Millisecond">millisecond</a>. On a logarithmic time scale a step lasts ten times longer than the previous step. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_m28h0hwvqy45pew8ee54rljk887xb1q"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe%23Habitable_epoch" coords="400,105,725,129" title="Chronology of the universe#Habitable epoch" alt="Chronology of the universe#Habitable epoch" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background_radiation" coords="400,159,685,183" title="Cosmic microwave background radiation" alt="Cosmic microwave background radiation" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe%23Matter_domination" coords="400,208,645,232" title="Chronology of the universe#Matter domination" alt="Chronology of the universe#Matter domination" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe%23Recombination%2C_photon_decoupling%2C_and_the_cosmic_microwave_background_(CMB)" coords="256,117,381,141" title="Chronology of the universe#Recombination, photon decoupling, and the cosmic microwave background (CMB)" alt="Chronology of the universe#Recombination, photon decoupling, and the cosmic microwave background (CMB)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis" coords="283,265,481,289" title="Big Bang nucleosynthesis" alt="Big Bang nucleosynthesis" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Inflationary_epoch" coords="305,781,790,805" title="Inflationary epoch" alt="Inflationary epoch" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Planck_time" coords="400,921,511,945" title="Planck time" alt="Planck time" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe%23Dark_Ages" coords="226,97,325,121" title="Chronology of the universe#Dark Ages" alt="Chronology of the universe#Dark Ages" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Photon_epoch" coords="216,191,335,215" title="Photon epoch" alt="Photon epoch" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Lepton_epoch" coords="216,283,335,307" title="Lepton epoch" alt="Lepton epoch" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Hadron_epoch" coords="223,342,341,366" title="Hadron epoch" alt="Hadron epoch" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Quark_epoch" coords="220,427,331,451" title="Quark epoch" alt="Quark epoch" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Electroweak_epoch" coords="200,640,351,664" title="Electroweak epoch" alt="Electroweak epoch" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Grand_unification_epoch" coords="180,859,371,883" title="Grand unification epoch" alt="Grand unification epoch" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/The_Five_Ages_of_the_Universe" coords="90,494,248,518" title="The Five Ages of the Universe" alt="The Five Ages of the Universe" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Reionization" coords="230,74,348,98" title="Reionization" alt="Reionization" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Graphical_timeline_of_the_Stelliferous_Era" coords="102,68,273,92" title="Graphical timeline of the Stelliferous Era" alt="Graphical timeline of the Stelliferous Era" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Big_Bang" coords="235,949,326,973" title="Big Bang" alt="Big Bang" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Planck_epoch" coords="225,924,343,948" title="Planck epoch" alt="Planck epoch" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_m28h0hwvqy45pew8ee54rljk887xb1q" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/m28h0hwvqy45pew8ee54rljk887xb1q.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Graphical_timeline_of_the_Big_Bang&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graphical_timeline_from_Big_Bang_to_Heat_Death" title="Graphical timeline from Big Bang to Heat Death">Graphical timeline from Big Bang to Heat Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphical_timeline_of_the_Stelliferous_Era" title="Graphical timeline of the Stelliferous Era">Graphical timeline of the Stelliferous Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphical_timeline_of_the_universe" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphical timeline of the universe">Graphical timeline of the universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Calendar" title="Cosmic Calendar">Cosmic Calendar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Age_of_the_universe" title="Age of the universe">age of the universe</a> scaled to a single year)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detailed_logarithmic_timeline" title="Detailed logarithmic timeline">Detailed logarithmic timeline</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Graphical_timeline_of_the_Big_Bang&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_bigbang_timeline.html">"Timeline of the Big Bang - The Big Bang and the Big Crunch - The Physics of the Universe"</a>. <i>www.physicsoftheuniverse.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.physicsoftheuniverse.com&rft.atitle=Timeline+of+the+Big+Bang+-+The+Big+Bang+and+the+Big+Crunch+-+The+Physics+of+the+Universe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.physicsoftheuniverse.com%2Ftopics_bigbang_timeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGraphical+timeline+of+the+Big+Bang" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output 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scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Big_Bang_timeline" title="Template:Big Bang timeline"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Big_Bang_timeline" title="Template talk:Big Bang timeline"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Big_Bang_timeline" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Big Bang timeline"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Timeline_of_the_Big_Bang" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe" title="Chronology of the universe">Timeline of the Big Bang</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe" title="Chronology of the universe">Chronology of the universe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planck_epoch" class="mw-redirect" title="Planck epoch">Planck epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_unification_epoch" title="Grand unification epoch">Grand unification epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electroweak_epoch" title="Electroweak epoch">Electroweak epoch</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inflationary_epoch" title="Inflationary epoch">Inflationary epoch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inflation_(cosmology)#Reheating" class="mw-redirect" title="Inflation (cosmology)">Reheating</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baryogenesis" title="Baryogenesis">Baryogenesis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quark_epoch" title="Quark epoch">Quark epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadron_epoch" title="Hadron epoch">Hadron epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepton_epoch" title="Lepton epoch">Lepton epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photon_epoch" title="Photon epoch">Photon epoch</a> (<a href="/wiki/Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis" title="Big Bang nucleosynthesis">Big Bang nucleosynthesis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe#Matter_domination" title="Chronology of the universe">Matter domination</a>, <a href="/wiki/Recombination_(cosmology)" title="Recombination (cosmology)">Recombination</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe#Dark_Ages" title="Chronology of the universe">Dark ages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe#Habitable_epoch" title="Chronology of the universe">Habitable epoch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reionization" title="Reionization">Reionization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe" title="Ultimate fate of the universe">Fate of the universe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heat_death_of_the_universe" title="Heat death of the universe">Heat death of the universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Rip" title="Big Rip">Big Rip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Crunch" title="Big Crunch">Big Crunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bounce" title="Big Bounce">Big Bounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Slurp" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Slurp">Big Slurp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Universe_expansion2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Universe_expansion2.png/15px-Universe_expansion2.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="13" class="mw-file-element" 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