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Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" > 28 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مجموعة راعي البحر للحماية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة راعي البحر للحماية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd" title="Sea Shepherd – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sea Shepherd" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd" title="Sea Shepherd – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sea Shepherd" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C_%EC%85%B0%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C_%EC%BB%A8%EC%A0%80%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98_%EC%86%8C%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4%ED%8B%B0" title="시 셰퍼드 컨저베이션 소사이어티 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시 셰퍼드 컨저베이션 소사이어티" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onye_%E1%BB%8Cz%E1%BB%A5z%E1%BB%A5_At%E1%BB%A5r%E1%BB%A5_Ok%C3%A9_Osimiri_%C3%92t%C3%B9_Nchekwa" title="Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ Oké Osimiri Òtù Nchekwa – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ Oké Osimiri Òtù Nchekwa" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="シーシェパード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シーシェパード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd" title="Sea Shepherd – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Sea Shepherd" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Shepherd" title="Sea Shepherd – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sea Shepherd" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%85" title="Морський пастух – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Морський пастух" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%AE%88%E6%8A%A4%E8%80%85%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="海洋守护者协会 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="海洋守护者协会" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_LOGO.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_LOGO.png/220px-Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_LOGO.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_LOGO.png/330px-Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_LOGO.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_LOGO.png/440px-Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_LOGO.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="843" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data note">1977</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson">Paul Watson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charitable_organization#United_States" title="Charitable organization">Public charity</a> (US); <a href="/wiki/Charitable_organization#United_Kingdom" title="Charitable organization">registered charity</a> (UK)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Focus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marine_conservation_activism" title="Marine conservation activism">Marine conservation activism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friday_Harbor,_Washington" title="Friday Harbor, Washington">Friday Harbor, Washington</a>, US <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a>, Australia</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Global</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Method</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">Direct action</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seashepherd.org/">www.seashepherd.org</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society (SSCS) is a <a href="/wiki/Non-profit" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-profit">non-profit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marine_conservation_activism" title="Marine conservation activism">marine conservation activism</a> organization based in <a href="/wiki/Friday_Harbor,_Washington" title="Friday Harbor, Washington">Friday Harbor</a> on <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Island,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="San Juan Island, Washington">San Juan Island, Washington</a>, in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> Sea Shepherd employs <a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">direct action</a> tactics to achieve its goals,<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> most famously by deploying its fleet of ships to track, report on and <a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">actively impede</a> the work of <a href="/wiki/Fishing_vessel" title="Fishing vessel">fishing vessels</a> believed to be engaged in illegal and unregulated activities causing the unsustainable exploitation of marine life. Sea Shepherd has been criticised by some environmental groups and national governments that oppose its tactics.<a href="#cite_note-Greenpeace-3">[3]</a> The Japanese government, whose <a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Japan" title="Whaling in Japan">whaling industry</a> is a leading target of the organization's efforts, has called Sea Shepherd <a href="/wiki/Eco-terrorism" title="Eco-terrorism">eco-terrorists</a> for "impeding their research".<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-4">[4]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_operations" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations</a></div> The predecessor organization of Sea Shepherd, the "Earth Force Society", was formed in 1977, after its founder, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson">Paul Watson</a> was ousted from the board of <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> for disagreements over his <a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">direct action</a> activism which clashed with their <a href="/wiki/Pacifism" title="Pacifism">pacifist</a> nature.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian-5">[5]</a> Watson soon left Greenpeace. Initially without funding and with only a small group of supporters, Watson convinced <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Amory" title="Cleveland Amory">Cleveland Amory</a>, head of the Fund for Animals, to fund Watson's first vessel, the Sea Shepherd in 1978.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a> The first direct action undertaken by the organization was against Canadian <a href="/wiki/Seal_hunting" title="Seal hunting">seal hunting</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Saint_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf of Saint Lawrence">Gulf of St. Lawrence</a> in March 1979.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The same year, the Sea Shepherd also rammed an unregulated Portuguese whaling vessel,<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> the notorious Sierra.<a href="#cite_note-Nagtzaam-10">[10]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> campaign, the first Sea Shepherd had to be <a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">scuttled</a>, but Watson sold the story to raise money to fund his next vessel.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a> He then spent the 1980s undertaking a variety of controversial and dangerous operations in support of various <a href="/wiki/Marine_conservation" title="Marine conservation">marine conservation</a> aims,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a> and physically intervened against Russian, Spanish, Norwegian, Icelandic, <a href="/wiki/Makah" title="Makah">Makah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Whaling in the Faroe Islands">Faroese</a>, and Japanese whalers.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-National_Geographic-11">[11]</a> In the 1990s the group is described as having undertaken a shift in its public attitude.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a> Having previously argued primarily from an <a href="/wiki/Ethics" title="Ethics">ethical</a> viewpoint, Sea Shepherd began to describe itself as an <a href="/wiki/Anti-poaching" title="Anti-poaching">anti-poaching</a> agency, a claim it based on its interpretation of the <a href="/wiki/Admiralty_law" title="Admiralty law">maritime</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conservation_law" title="Conservation law">conservation law</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hollywood_Today_2009-06-09-12">[12]</a> The decade also saw the organization make more progress in saving wildlife, including by teaming up with other groups to reduce the prevalence of <a href="/wiki/Driftnet" class="mw-redirect" title="Driftnet">driftnet</a> fishing. In 1994, Sea Shepherd sank an illegal Norwegian whaling vessel. However, no charges were brought as the vessel had been involved in even more illegal behavior than anticipated by the authorities.<a href="#cite_note-Our_History_2018-13">[13]</a> The organization began in the 2000s by assisting with the clean up of the <a href="/wiki/2019_Northeast_Brazil_oil_spill" title="2019 Northeast Brazil oil spill">Petrobras oil spill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>'s worst oil spill to date, after being contracted by the Rio government to mitigate against the devastation.<a href="#cite_note-Our_History_2018-13">[13]</a> Sea Shepherd also cooperated with other governments against maritime <a href="/wiki/Poaching" title="Poaching">poaching</a>, including in <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>, though not always with good outcomes.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In 2008, Sea Shepherd conducted two trips around <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> to disrupt illegal whaling practices.<a href="#cite_note-Our_History_2018-13">[13]</a> Since 2016, Sea Shepherd has increasingly co-operated with national governments in assisting <a href="/wiki/Anti-poaching" title="Anti-poaching">anti-poaching</a> activity in national territorial waters and <a href="/wiki/Marine_reserve" title="Marine reserve">marine reserves</a>, including with the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Coast_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Coast Guard">Italian Coast Guard</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> (Operation Siracusa), <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Navy" title="Mexican Navy">Mexican Navy</a> (Operation Milagro) and the Coastguards of <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a> (Operation Albacore), which saw <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabonese</a> military marines sail aboard Sea Shepherd vessels. In late 2022, a schism occurred after Paul Watson was removed from the board of directors of Sea Shepherd Global, a move which, he says, was due to the organization shifting away from his policy of independent, direct action to one of collaboration with governments. Watson subsequently formed his own organization, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Captain_Paul_Watson_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Captain Paul Watson Foundation (page does not exist)">Captain Paul Watson Foundation</a>, and a competing Sea Shepherd group called Sea Shepherd Origins. The France, UK, and Brazil chapters of Sea Shepherd have pledged their allegiance to Paul Watson and Sea Shepherd Origins, and have left the umbrella of Sea Shepherd Global. Neither Sea Shepherd Global or the regional chapters that remain loyal to it have issued statements in regard to these events.<a href="#cite_note-Schism_1-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Schism_2-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Schism_3-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SSCS_Flag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/78/SSCS_Flag.jpg/220px-SSCS_Flag.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/78/SSCS_Flag.jpg/330px-SSCS_Flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/78/SSCS_Flag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="369" data-file-height="269" /></a><figcaption>Sea Shepherd flag</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Farley_Mowat,_Melbourne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Farley_Mowat%2C_Melbourne.jpg/220px-Farley_Mowat%2C_Melbourne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Farley_Mowat%2C_Melbourne.jpg/330px-Farley_Mowat%2C_Melbourne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Farley_Mowat%2C_Melbourne.jpg/440px-Farley_Mowat%2C_Melbourne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="332" /></a><figcaption>A wildlife advocate during an education session on board <a href="/wiki/RV_Farley_Mowat" title="RV Farley Mowat">RV Farley Mowat</a></figcaption></figure> Sea Shepherd is a non-governmental, non-profit environmental organization. In the United States it has a <a href="/wiki/501_(c)#501(c)(3)" class="mw-redirect" title="501 (c)">501(c)(3)</a> tax exempt status. Most of the organization's revenue is spent on its programs – 89.9 percent in 2019, with just 10.1 percent spent on administrative costs and <a href="/wiki/Fundraising" title="Fundraising">fundraising</a>. Sea Shepherd has also been rated highly for <a href="/wiki/Transparency_(market)" title="Transparency (market)">financial transparency</a> and accountability.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> The group is supported by private and corporate donations, lectures by Watson, internet advertising and grants. It is operated by volunteers and a small paid staff, and is committed to staying small and with low spending on fundraising or recruitment.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a> Sea Shepherd is governed by a <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">board of directors</a> and several boards of advisers, each addressing an area of expertise. The Scientific, Technical and Conservation Advisory Board includes <a href="/wiki/Earth_First!" title="Earth First!">Earth First!</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Dave_Foreman" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave Foreman">Dave Foreman</a> and Horst Klienschmidt, a former deputy chair of the <a href="/wiki/International_Whaling_Commission" title="International Whaling Commission">International Whaling Commission</a> (2006). The Legal and Law Enforcement Advisory Board includes <a href="/wiki/Ian_Campbell_(Australian_politician)" title="Ian Campbell (Australian politician)">Ian Campbell</a>, a former Australian Minister of the Environment and Heritage (2004–07).<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The Animal Welfare, Humane and Animal Rights Advisory Board included <a href="/wiki/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">animal rights philosopher</a> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Regan" title="Tom Regan">Tom Regan</a>, until his death in 2017. There is also a Media and Arts Advisory Board, Photography Advisory Board and a Financial and Management Advisory Board. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Direct_action_activism">Direct action activism</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_operations" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations</a></div> Sea Shepherd engages in conventional <a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">protests</a> and <a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">direct actions</a> to protect marine wildlife. Sea Shepherd operations have included interdiction against <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial fishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shark" title="Shark">shark poaching</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shark_finning" title="Shark finning">finning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seal_hunting" title="Seal hunting">seal hunting</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Whaling" title="Whaling">whaling</a>.<a href="#cite_note-National_Geographic-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Australia_condemns_Japanese_whalers-21">[21]</a> The group has been active in intervening against fishing and poaching in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">South Pacific</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean</a>, and in waters around the <a href="/wiki/Galapagos_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Galapagos Islands">Galapagos Islands</a>. In addition to their direct action campaigns, Sea Shepherd works on ocean issues such as <a href="/wiki/Plastic_pollution" title="Plastic pollution">plastic pollution</a>. Sea Shepherd chapters across the world organize <a href="/wiki/Beach_cleaning" title="Beach cleaning">onshore cleanups</a> throughout the year to pick up debris near oceans, streams, and rivers. In April 2018, Sea Shepherd released a <a href="/wiki/Public_service_announcement" title="Public service announcement">PSA</a> that takes an artistic approach to telling target audiences that more than one million marine animals die every year from plastic debris.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> According to its mission statement, Sea Shepherd "uses innovative direct-action tactics to investigate, document, and take action when necessary to expose and confront illegal activities on the high seas".<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> In addition to the organization's role of documenting and reporting violations of <a href="/wiki/Conservation_law" title="Conservation law">conservation laws</a>, Sea Shepherd operations have utilized direct, non-lethal tactics including <a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">scuttling</a> and disabling whaling vessels at harbor,<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-4">[4]</a> intervening in Canadian and <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibian</a> <a href="/wiki/Seal_hunting" title="Seal hunting">seal hunts</a>,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> shining <a href="/wiki/Dazzler_(weapon)" title="Dazzler (weapon)">laser light</a> at whalers,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> throwing bottles of foul-smelling <a href="/wiki/Butyric_acid" title="Butyric acid">butyric acid</a> onto vessels at sea,<a href="#cite_note-HARDLINE-26">[26]</a> boarding whaling vessels to protest while at sea, and seizing and destroying <a href="/wiki/Drift_net" class="mw-redirect" title="Drift net">drift nets</a> at sea. Sea Shepherd argues that these tactics are necessary to uncover and impede actions that violate international laws protecting wildlife, as the international community has shown itself unwilling or unable to stop species-endangering whaling and fishing practices.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a> Sea Shepherd staff and equipment have also been on the receiving end of physical violence by members of the fishing industry. In November 1998, <a href="/wiki/Makah_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Makah people">Makah</a> seized an inflatable boat belonging to the group and threw rocks at the Sea Shepherd's Sirenian in response to protests over their whale hunt.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In 2005, 11 Sea Shepherd crew were involved in an altercation with sealers while on the ice. The sealers were not charged with any crime, but the activists were arrested and later convicted for approaching too close to the hunt.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In 2008, fishermen in the French islands of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a> cut the <a href="/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mooring (watercraft)">mooring</a> lines of the Farley Mowat after hearing Watson make disparaging comments about the deaths of four seal hunters.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> In 2009, Paul Watson claimed the organization has sunk ten whaling ships while also destroying millions of dollars worth of equipment.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Their practice of attacking and sinking other ships has led to reports of injuries to other sailors as well as the Sea Shepherd crew, including concussions and complications from chemical attacks.<a href="#cite_note-acid-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Darby-34">[34]</a> Watson considers the actions of Sea Shepherd to be against criminal operations and has called the group an anti-poaching organization.<a href="#cite_note-Hollywood_Today_2009-06-09-12">[12]</a> Critics claim that Sea Shepherd's actions constitute violations of international law,<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> while Watson has stated that Sea Shepherd believes that their actions constitute an attempt to enforce international conservation laws and international <a href="/wiki/Maritime_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime law">maritime law</a> under the <a href="/wiki/World_Charter_for_Nature" title="World Charter for Nature">World Charter for Nature</a> adopted by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Australia has declared Japan's hunt in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean_Whale_Sanctuary" title="Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary">Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary</a> to be illegal, and federal court judge Jim Allsop has stated "there is no practical mechanism by which orders of this court can be enforced".<a href="#cite_note-new_scientist_2008-01-15-38">[38]</a> The lack of official enforcement mechanisms in that law prompted Sea Shepherd to adopt, without official sanction, what it sees as a law enforcement mission. A 2008 academic paper by researchers at <a href="/wiki/Monash_University" title="Monash University">Monash University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a>, concluded that Sea Shepherd's approach could constitute <a href="/wiki/Vigilantism" title="Vigilantism">vigilantism</a>, because its seeks to enforce a legal status quo in the face of the international community's "inabilities or unwillingness to do so".<a href="#cite_note-Nagtzaam-10">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-whaling_controversy">Anti-whaling controversy</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Regulation_of_Whaling" title="International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling">International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Japan" title="Whaling in Japan">Whaling in Japan</a></div> Watson left <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> in 1977 after being voted off the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">board</a> over his confrontational methods.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Since then, Greenpeace has criticized Sea Shepherd for the group's tactics, particularly regarding its interaction with <a href="/wiki/Whaler" title="Whaler">whaling ships</a> while at sea.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The rival environmental group maintains Sea Shepherd is a violent organization whose tactics may endanger the lives of fishermen and whalers, and has labelled Watson an extremist.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Greenpeace has also stated: "By making it easy to paint <a href="/wiki/Anti-whaling" title="Anti-whaling">anti-whaling</a> forces as dangerous, <a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_21st_century" title="Piracy in the 21st century">piratical terrorists</a>, Sea Shepherd could undermine the forces within Japan which could actually bring whaling to an end".<a href="#cite_note-Greenpeace-3">[3]</a> In his 2009 book, Whaling in Japan, Jun Morikawa stated that Sea Shepherd's confrontational tactics had strengthened Japan's resolve to continue with its whaling program by helping to rally domestic support from Japanese citizens who might otherwise have been ambivalent about the practice of hunting and eating whales.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In March 2014 the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> ruled Japan's whaling program was not for scientific purposes. The Court ordered that Japan "revoke any extant authorization, permit or licence to kill, take or treat whales" and refrain from granting any further permits."<a href="#cite_note-outcome_2014-44">[44]</a> In response to the court ruling, Japan cut its annual whaling quota from 915 to 333. The new quota included only <a href="/wiki/Minke_whale" title="Minke whale">minke whales</a>, and ended the hunting of <a href="/wiki/Humpback_whale" title="Humpback whale">humpback whales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fin_whale" title="Fin whale">fin whales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Paul Watson said: "I think we've done an amazing job reducing their quotas and saving whales," and claimed the actions of Sea Shepherd were a major factor behind Japan's decision.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> In 2017, Sea Shepherd said it would stop sending ships to the Antarctic Ocean in pursuit of Japanese whalers, citing Japan's increased use of military surveillance satellites and passage of <a href="/wiki/Anti-terrorism_legislation" title="Anti-terrorism legislation">anti-terrorism laws</a> specifically to thwart Sea Shepherd.<a href="#cite_note-Pursuit2018-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnn.com-48">[48]</a> Japan passed new anti-terrorism legislation in view of the coming <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">2020 Olympics</a>, but among its elements, the new law declared the presence of eco-activist vessels near whalers a terrorist offence. The combined measures were deemed to make Sea Shepherd's Antarctic operations no longer productive, with Watson noting his organisation "cannot compete with their military-grade technology".<a href="#cite_note-Pursuit2018-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_relations">Public relations</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MV_Bob_Barker_in_port_2010-03-06.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/MV_Bob_Barker_in_port_2010-03-06.jpg/220px-MV_Bob_Barker_in_port_2010-03-06.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/MV_Bob_Barker_in_port_2010-03-06.jpg/330px-MV_Bob_Barker_in_port_2010-03-06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/MV_Bob_Barker_in_port_2010-03-06.jpg/440px-MV_Bob_Barker_in_port_2010-03-06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>A $5 million donation from <a href="/wiki/Bob_Barker" title="Bob Barker">Bob Barker</a> facilitated the purchase of the <a href="/wiki/MY_Bob_Barker" title="MY Bob Barker">MY Bob Barker</a>, pictured here docked in <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>.</figcaption></figure> The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society has been called "media savvy" for their use of the press.<a href="#cite_note-National_Geographic-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Montreal_Mirror_1997-06-05-50">[50]</a> The group has worked with journalists and has made statements through press releases to spread its message during various campaigns.<a href="#cite_note-Seattle_Times_1998-11-03-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Age_2006-01-14-52">[52]</a> Watson's public relations efforts are shown in an episode of <a href="/wiki/Whale_Wars" title="Whale Wars">Whale Wars</a> when he creates an international "media storm"<a href="#cite_note-Animal_Planet_103-53">[53]</a> after two Sea Shepherd crewmembers are detained on a Japanese whaling vessel. In his book, Earthforce!, Watson advises readers to make up facts and figures when they need to and to deliver them to reporters confidently.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a> He also states that the "truth is irrelevant" due to the nature of mass media.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In response to criticism that he manipulates the media, Watson has stated: "What we do is provide the media with the kind of stories they can't resist... and this is how we bring attention to what's happening to the whales, the seals, the sharks and the other marine conservation campaigns we're involved in."<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-4">[4]</a> Sea Shepherd has also used <a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">satellite uplinks</a>, webcams, and internet blogging during its operations in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</a>, and has invited the media to ride along.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> In 2006, representatives from <a href="/wiki/Seven_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven network">Seven network</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a> magazine, along with documentary filmmakers, accompanied the group.<a href="#cite_note-National_Geographic-11">[11]</a> In a television series entitled <a href="/wiki/Whale_Wars" title="Whale Wars">Whale Wars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Discovery Communications">Discovery Communications</a>, Inc. documented Sea Shepherd's 2008/09 Antarctic campaign against Japanese whalers, following events on the Steve Irwin.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-4">[4]</a> The program premiered on November 7, 2008, on Discovery's <a href="/wiki/Animal_Planet" title="Animal Planet">Animal Planet</a> network. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_perspective_of_the_Sea_Shepherd_docked_at_the_Docklands,_Feb_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Aerial_perspective_of_the_Sea_Shepherd_docked_at_the_Docklands%2C_Feb_2019.jpg/220px-Aerial_perspective_of_the_Sea_Shepherd_docked_at_the_Docklands%2C_Feb_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Aerial_perspective_of_the_Sea_Shepherd_docked_at_the_Docklands%2C_Feb_2019.jpg/330px-Aerial_perspective_of_the_Sea_Shepherd_docked_at_the_Docklands%2C_Feb_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Aerial_perspective_of_the_Sea_Shepherd_docked_at_the_Docklands%2C_Feb_2019.jpg/440px-Aerial_perspective_of_the_Sea_Shepherd_docked_at_the_Docklands%2C_Feb_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>Aerial perspective of the Sea Shepherd docked at the Victoria Harbour Promenade, Waterfront end of Enterprize Way, <a href="/wiki/Docklands,_Victoria" title="Docklands, Victoria">Docklands</a>, February 2019</figcaption></figure> Sea Shepherd has received financial contributions from celebrities and businessmen such as entrepreneur <a href="/wiki/Steve_Wynn" title="Steve Wynn">Steve Wynn</a>, television personality <a href="/wiki/Bob_Barker" title="Bob Barker">Bob Barker</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Paul_DeJoria" title="John Paul DeJoria">John Paul DeJoria</a>, as well as other celebrities.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker_2007-11-05-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hollywood_Today_2009-06-09-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Sheen" title="Martin Sheen">Martin Sheen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daryl_Hannah" title="Daryl Hannah">Daryl Hannah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dean_Anderson" title="Richard Dean Anderson">Richard Dean Anderson</a> have joined the group during protests. Actors including <a href="/wiki/Edward_Norton" title="Edward Norton">Edward Norton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierce_Brosnan" title="Pierce Brosnan">Pierce Brosnan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_Bale" title="Christian Bale">Christian Bale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clive_Standen" title="Clive Standen">Clive Standen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emily_Deschanel" title="Emily Deschanel">Emily Deschanel</a> have supported the group through contributions,<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-4">[4]</a> while <a href="/wiki/William_Shatner" title="William Shatner">William Shatner</a> has also been mentioned as supporting the group.<a href="#cite_note-DOWNED-56">[56]</a> Actress and model <a href="/wiki/Pamela_Anderson" title="Pamela Anderson">Pamela Anderson</a> is an active spokesperson for the group, has participated in several campaigns, served on the board of directors and is a close friend of founder Paul Watson. In 2007, actor <a href="/wiki/Heath_Ledger" title="Heath Ledger">Heath Ledger</a> conceived and directed a music video of the <a href="/wiki/Modest_Mouse" title="Modest Mouse">Modest Mouse</a> song "<a href="/wiki/King_Rat_(song)" title="King Rat (song)">King Rat</a>", intended to raise awareness of the whale hunts taking place each year off the coast of his native Australia. Although Ledger died before the video could be completed, others finished it in his honor and debuted the video online in August 2009. Proceeds from <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a> sales of the video in its first month of release were donated to Sea Shepherd.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> From the music industry, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kiedis" title="Anthony Kiedis">Anthony Kiedis</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers" title="Red Hot Chili Peppers">Red Hot Chili Peppers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leona_Lewis" title="Leona Lewis">Leona Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rick_Rubin" title="Rick Rubin">Rick Rubin</a>, and the groups <a href="/wiki/Hawkwind" title="Hawkwind">Hawkwind</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Red_Paintings" title="The Red Paintings">The Red Paintings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propagandhi" title="Propagandhi">Propagandhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gojira_(band)" title="Gojira (band)">Gojira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parkway_Drive" title="Parkway Drive">Parkway Drive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heaven_Shall_Burn" title="Heaven Shall Burn">Heaven Shall Burn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stick_to_Your_Guns_(band)" title="Stick to Your Guns (band)">Stick to Your Guns</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Amity_Affliction" title="The Amity Affliction">The Amity Affliction</a> and <a href="/wiki/Architects_(British_band)" title="Architects (British band)">Architects</a> have financially supported Sea Shepherd.<a href="#cite_note-Hollywood_Today_2009-06-09-12">[12]</a> Architects vocalist Sam Carter is also one of Sea Shepherd's British ambassadors.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vegan_straight_edge" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan straight edge">Vegan straight edge</a> band <a href="/wiki/Earth_Crisis" title="Earth Crisis">Earth Crisis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zolt%C3%A1n_T%C3%A9gl%C3%A1s" title="Zoltán Téglás">Zoltán Téglás</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ignite_(band)" title="Ignite (band)">Ignite</a> support SSCS, among other environmental organizations, dedicating songs such as "So Others Live" and "Ultramilitance" to them.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Giacomo "Josh" Giorgi, vocalist of now-defunct Italian straight edge <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore</a> band <a href="/w/index.php?title=To_Kill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="To Kill (page does not exist)">To Kill</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Boatswain" title="Boatswain">bosun's mate</a> aboard the MY Steve Irwin.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In 2009, professional surfer <a href="/wiki/Kelly_Slater" title="Kelly Slater">Kelly Slater</a> joined a <a href="/wiki/Quiksilver,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Quiksilver, Inc.">Quiksilver Australia</a>/Sea Shepherd partnership featuring a fundraising clothing line, including board shorts designed by Slater.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> In 2013 <a href="/wiki/Alternative_metal" title="Alternative metal">alt-metal</a> band <a href="/wiki/Klogr" title="Klogr">Klogr</a> started supporting Sea Shepherd in Europe through the videos "Guinea Pigs" (2013) and "Zero Tolerance" (2014), featuring images from Sea Shepherd documentaries filmed in <a href="/wiki/Taiji,_Wakayama" title="Taiji, Wakayama">Taiji</a> and other missions. The <a href="/wiki/Lush_(company)" title="Lush (company)">Lush</a> cosmetics company joined with Sea Shepherd to raise awareness about the practice of <a href="/wiki/Shark_finning" title="Shark finning">shark finning</a> in 2008. Lush produced 'Shark Fin Soap' (punning on '<a href="/wiki/Shark_fin_soup" title="Shark fin soup">shark fin soup</a>'); all sale proceeds were directed to Sea Shepherd.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>, Sea Shepherd has been banned from participation in the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Wooden_Boat_Festival" title="Australian Wooden Boat Festival">Australian Wooden Boat Festival</a> on the grounds that its presence could jeopardize the reputation of the organization which aims to celebrate maritime heritage, but not modern maritime issues in Australian waters.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> For years, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> depended on Sea Shepherd to remove the illegal nets that trap and drown <a href="/wiki/Vaquita" title="Vaquita">vaquita porpoises</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</a>. In January 2021, Sea Shepherds had to leave the Gulf after a New Year's Eve attack where a fisherman rammed a Sea Shepherd vessel.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> One fisherman died of injuries sustained during the attack. Mexico has invited Sea Shepherd back to help save the vaquita, but will no longer allow them to remove nets.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fleet_of_ships">Fleet of ships</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the main article on Sea Shepherd's fleet, see <a href="/wiki/Neptune%27s_Navy" title="Neptune's Navy">Neptune's Navy</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Steve-irwin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Steve-irwin.jpg/220px-Steve-irwin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Steve-irwin.jpg/330px-Steve-irwin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Steve-irwin.jpg/440px-Steve-irwin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/MY_Steve_Irwin" title="MY Steve Irwin">MY Steve Irwin</a> in September 2011, sailing up river under <a href="/wiki/Tower_Bridge" title="Tower Bridge">Tower Bridge</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Neptune_Navy_-_MY_Sam_Simon-Hobart_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Neptune_Navy_-_MY_Sam_Simon-Hobart_2012.jpg/220px-Neptune_Navy_-_MY_Sam_Simon-Hobart_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Neptune_Navy_-_MY_Sam_Simon-Hobart_2012.jpg/330px-Neptune_Navy_-_MY_Sam_Simon-Hobart_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Neptune_Navy_-_MY_Sam_Simon-Hobart_2012.jpg/440px-Neptune_Navy_-_MY_Sam_Simon-Hobart_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/MY_Age_of_Union" title="MY Age of Union">MY Sam Simon</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>, December 2012</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MY_Bob_Barker_at_Circular_Quay_Sydney.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MY_Bob_Barker_at_Circular_Quay_Sydney.jpg/220px-MY_Bob_Barker_at_Circular_Quay_Sydney.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MY_Bob_Barker_at_Circular_Quay_Sydney.jpg/330px-MY_Bob_Barker_at_Circular_Quay_Sydney.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MY_Bob_Barker_at_Circular_Quay_Sydney.jpg/440px-MY_Bob_Barker_at_Circular_Quay_Sydney.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3568" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/MY_Bob_Barker" title="MY Bob Barker">MY Bob Barker</a> berthed at <a href="/wiki/Circular_Quay" title="Circular Quay">Circular Quay</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney, Australia</a>, in 2012</figcaption></figure> Sea Shepherd refer to the ships it has operated as <a href="/wiki/Neptune%27s_Navy" title="Neptune's Navy">Neptune's Navy</a>. As of 2021<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society&action=edit">[update]</a>, the conservation society operates 12 ships: Ocean Warrior, Brigitte Bardot, Bob Barker, Steve Irwin, Sam Simon, John Paul DeJoria, Farley Mowat, Sharpie, Jairo Mora Sandoval, White Holly, Martin Sheen and Sea Eagle.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> The Steve Irwin was obtained in 2007 and originally called the Robert Hunter, named in honor of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hunter_(journalist)" title="Robert Hunter (journalist)">Robert Hunter</a>,<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Herald_Sun_2007-12-05-70">[70]</a> Irwin's widow, <a href="/wiki/Terri_Irwin" title="Terri Irwin">Terri</a>, gave her support to Sea Shepherd, saying: "Whales have always been in Steve's heart and in 2006 he was investigating the possibility of joining the Sea Shepherd on part of its journey to defend these beautiful animals."<a href="#cite_note-Shipping_Times_2007-12-06-71">[71]</a> The other ship, the 1200 ton Bob Barker, was named after well-known television game show host and animal activist <a href="/wiki/Bob_Barker" title="Bob Barker">Bob Barker</a>, who made the purchase in <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> of the retired Norwegian whaling vessel possible with a donation of US$5 million.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> In February 2010, the Bob Barker collided with the Japanese whaling vessel Yushin Maru No. 3, tearing a gash in the hull of the Bob Barker.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> In December 2014, the Bob Barker began its pursuit of the <a href="/wiki/Illegal_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal fishing">illegal fishing</a> vessel, the <a href="/wiki/Thunder_(ship)" title="Thunder (ship)">FV Thunder</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Bandit_6" title="Bandit 6">Bandit 6</a> and involved in <a href="/wiki/Illegal,_unreported_and_unregulated_fishing" title="Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing">illegally fishing</a> the <a href="/wiki/Patagonian_toothfish" title="Patagonian toothfish">Patagonian toothfish</a>, which became the longest chase in nautical history covering over 10,000 nautical miles and lasting 110 days.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> The group also formerly operated the <a href="/wiki/RV_Farley_Mowat" title="RV Farley Mowat">Farley Mowat</a> (impounded by the Canadian government, with Sea Shepherd having stated that they have no intention of paying the legal fines and berthage fees to recover their now obsolete vessel) and the Ady Gil, formerly known as the Earthrace (sunk after a collision with the <a href="/wiki/MV_Sh%C5%8Dnan_Maru_2" title="MV Shōnan Maru 2">MV Shōnan Maru 2</a> whaling security vessel in early 2010)<a href="#cite_note-whalewars1-75">[75]</a> as well as a number of earlier vessels. Sea Shepherd acquired the Ocean 7 Adventurer for its 2010/11 campaign against Japanese whaling in the Antarctic.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In November 2010, Mayor <a href="/wiki/Brad_Pettitt" title="Brad Pettitt">Brad Pettitt</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fremantle,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fremantle, Western Australia">Fremantle, Western Australia</a>, christened the vessel Gojira with Fremantle as its home port, making this the first Sea Shepherd ship registered in Australia, with an Australian crew. The Gojira was renamed <a href="/wiki/MV_Brigitte_Bardot" title="MV Brigitte Bardot">MV Brigitte Bardot</a> in May 2011 after complaints of <a href="/wiki/Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">copyright infringement</a> by <a href="/wiki/Toho" title="Toho">Toho</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> For the 2011–2012 <a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a> campaign, the organization acquired <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">drone aircraft</a> to assist in their surveillance of the whaling ships.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> In July 2012, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Simon" title="Sam Simon">Sam Simon</a>, a co-creator of <a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a>, reportedly donated money to purchase the fourth vessel, a former German <a href="/wiki/Icebreaker" title="Icebreaker">icebreaker</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> The actual ship however turned out to be a former Japanese weather survey vessel, now called the MY Sam Simon. On October 18, 2014, the actor <a href="/wiki/Martin_Sheen" title="Martin Sheen">Martin Sheen</a> unveiled Sea Shepherd's newest vessel, R/V Martin Sheen, named in his honor,<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> and captained by Oona Layolle of France. The name of this vessel carries the <a href="/wiki/Ship_identifier" title="Ship identifier">prefix</a> "R/V" because it will be engaged in direct action as a research vessel. In January 2015, two decommissioned, 30-knot, <a href="/wiki/Island-class_patrol_boat" title="Island-class patrol boat">Island-class Coast Guard cutters</a> were spotted flying the Sea Shepherd flag in Annapolis Yacht Basin.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> In June 2015, Sea Shepherd revealed on their website that they had purchased these vessels.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> One is named <a href="/wiki/MY_Farley_Mowat" title="MY Farley Mowat">MY Farley Mowat</a>, after an earlier vessel impounded by the Canadian government, and the other was named MY Jules Verne, after the author of the 1870 novel <a href="/wiki/Twenty_Thousand_Leagues_Under_the_Seas" title="Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas">Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas</a>, but was renamed <a href="/wiki/MV_John_Paul_DeJoria" title="MV John Paul DeJoria">MV John Paul DeJoria</a> on January 31, 2017. On December 7, 2017, the organization announced the acquisition of a third <a href="/wiki/Island-class_patrol_boat" title="Island-class patrol boat">Island-class Cutter</a> thanks to a donation from Chris Sharp, a biotech businessman. The vessel was named <a href="/wiki/MV_Sharpie" title="MV Sharpie">MV Sharpie</a>, and for its maiden mission it will join <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_operations#Operation_Milagro_(2015–present)" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations">Operation Milagro</a> in the Gulf of California to help save the endangered <a href="/wiki/Vaquita" title="Vaquita">vaquita porpoise</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> The ships of the fleet have <a href="/wiki/Maritime_flag" title="Maritime flag">flown the flags</a> of a variety of different nations.<a href="#cite_note-NORSK-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mohawk_Traditional_Council_2009-02-13-86">[86]</a> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a> and <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> have <a href="/wiki/Ship_registration" title="Ship registration">revoked the registrations</a> of various vessels.<a href="#cite_note-OKADA-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Sydney_Morning_Herald_2007-01-06-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-theage-89">[89]</a> Both the <a href="/wiki/MY_Steve_Irwin" title="MY Steve Irwin">Steve Irwin</a> and <a href="/wiki/MY_Bob_Barker" title="MY Bob Barker">Bob Barker</a> ships now sail under Dutch flag leading to direct complaints by the Japanese government towards Dutch ambassadors. <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">The Netherlands</a> consequently considered revoking the registrations for both vessels but finally decided not to do so.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_response">Government response</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MV_Steve_Irwin_Melbourne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/MV_Steve_Irwin_Melbourne.jpg/220px-MV_Steve_Irwin_Melbourne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/MV_Steve_Irwin_Melbourne.jpg/330px-MV_Steve_Irwin_Melbourne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/MV_Steve_Irwin_Melbourne.jpg/440px-MV_Steve_Irwin_Melbourne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1260" data-file-height="945" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/MY_Steve_Irwin" title="MY Steve Irwin">MY Steve Irwin</a> approaching <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a></figcaption></figure> In testimony on "<a href="/wiki/Green_Scare" title="Green Scare">The Threat of Eco-Terrorism</a>" given to a US congressional subcommittee in 2002, Sea Shepherd was the first group mentioned by an FBI official for having attacked <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial fishing</a> operations by cutting <a href="/wiki/Drift_netting" title="Drift netting">drift nets</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fbi-91">[91]</a> An earlier Canadian intelligence report on "<a href="/wiki/Single_issue_terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Single issue terrorism">single issue terrorism</a>" stated that "Watson and his supporters have been involved in a number of militant actions against whale hunting, driftnet fishing, seal hunting and other related issues" and mentions "activities against logging operations in Canada".<a href="#cite_note-csis-92">[92]</a> In 2007, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Campbell_(Australian_politician)" title="Ian Campbell (Australian politician)">Ian Campbell</a>, then the <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Sustainability,_Environment,_Water,_Population_and_Communities_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (Australia)">Australian Environment Minister</a> and a vigorous critic of Japan's whaling, once opposed Sea Shepherd's tactics, saying that it really put the cause of conservation backwards.<a href="#cite_note-TimesOnline-93">[93]</a> Due to the 2008 operations against Canadian seal hunters, <a href="/wiki/Danny_Williams_(Canadian_politician)" title="Danny Williams (Canadian politician)">Danny Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador">Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador</a>, called Watson a terrorist and said that Sea Shepherd was not welcome in the province.<a href="#cite_note-CTV.ca_2008-04-14-94">[94]</a> The group has been accused of <a href="/wiki/Eco-terrorism" title="Eco-terrorism">eco-terrorism</a> by the Japanese government,<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-4">[4]</a> whose internationally banned <a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Japan" title="Whaling in Japan">whaling program</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-95">[95]</a> is a principal focus of the Sea Shepherd. It has also been opposed by some countries that also oppose whaling, including Australia and New Zealand.<a href="#cite_note-TimesOnline-93">[93]</a> Sea Shepherd has based many of its operations out of Australia with foreign crew members being able to travel in and out of the country on tourist <a href="/wiki/Visa_(document)" class="mw-redirect" title="Visa (document)">visas</a>,<a href="#cite_note-visa-96">[96]</a> but in October 2009, the Australian Immigration Department imposed additional criminal background checks on Watson and his first officer, Peter Hammarstedt, when they applied for visas. Watson criticized the action as a submission to Japanese pressure by the <a href="/wiki/Rudd_Government_(2007%E2%80%9310)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudd Government (2007–10)">Rudd government</a>.<a href="#cite_note-visa-96">[96]</a> The Australian government rejected the idea it had delayed the visas, and on October 20, 2009, they were issued.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> By contrast, the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Greens" title="Tasmanian Greens">Tasmanian Greens</a> and the former Greens Senator <a href="/wiki/Bob_Brown" title="Bob Brown">Bob Brown</a>, has endorsed and supported Sea Shepherd in various ways, including through advocacy within the Australian government and public endorsement of the group.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> However, when the Steve Irwin returned to <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>, in February 2009, Australian Federal Police seized film footage and the ship's logs, reportedly prompted by complaints from Japan.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Brown demanded that the Australian Prime Minister, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Kevin Rudd</a>, order their immediate return, but a spokesman for the Home Affairs Minister said it was a federal police matter.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> In 2013, <a href="/wiki/Julie_Bishop" title="Julie Bishop">Julie Bishop</a>, the Foreign Minister of Australia, told the press club of Japan, "We do not, and will never, condone reckless, dangerous, unlawful behaviour. And where it occurs on the high seas, we will unreservedly condemn it. The fact that the Sea Shepherd visits Australian ports or some of the Sea Shepherd fleet might be registered in Australia is not indicative in any way of the Australian government's support for the organisation."<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> When Sea Shepherd indicated it was abandoning pursuit of Japanese whalers in 2017, Watson noted the hostility of the governments in the US, Australia and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, which he accused of acting "in league with Japan" against the organisation.<a href="#cite_note-Pursuit2018-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnn.com-48">[48]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seashepherd_small_pt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Seashepherd_small_pt.jpg/220px-Seashepherd_small_pt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Seashepherd_small_pt.jpg/330px-Seashepherd_small_pt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Seashepherd_small_pt.jpg/440px-Seashepherd_small_pt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption>A variation of the flag used by the group</figcaption></figure> Officials in Japan have attempted to combat Sea Shepherd at the highest levels, discussing the revocation of the group's <a href="/wiki/501(c)_organization" title="501(c) organization">tax exempt status</a> with their counterparts in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-HP20110103-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-TA20110104-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-WSJ20110103-105">[105]</a> In December 2011, the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cetacean_Research" title="Institute of Cetacean Research">Institute of Cetacean Research</a> (ICR) and <a href="/wiki/Kyodo_Senpaku" title="Kyodo Senpaku">Kyodo Senpaku</a> Kaisha, the two Japanese organizations which operate Japan's whaling program, requested an <a href="/wiki/Injunction" title="Injunction">injunction</a> in the <a href="/wiki/US_district_court" class="mw-redirect" title="US district court">US district court</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> to stop Sea Shepherd's operations against Japanese whalers.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> The federal court denied the ICR's preliminary injunction against SSCS.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> The ICR and Kyodo Senpaku appealed and, on December 17, 2012, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a> issued an injunction against Paul Watson and Sea Shepherd and requiring them to stay at least 500 yd (457 m) from ICR vessels.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-defiance-109">[109]</a> After the court ruling, Paul Watson stepped down and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Brown" title="Bob Brown">Bob Brown</a> succeeded as the leader of Sea Shepherd,<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> which launched an ultimately rejected appeal to have the injunction set aside.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> On the appeal's conclusion, the <a href="/wiki/Appellate_court" title="Appellate court">Court of Appeals</a> stated that SSCS's activities were "the very embodiment of <a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_21st_century" title="Piracy in the 21st century">piracy</a>".<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> This reversed a previous decision by <a href="/wiki/Richard_A._Jones" title="Richard A. Jones">Richard A. Jones</a>, who was removed as trial judge for abuse of discretion.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> As a result, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson">Paul Watson</a> and US members of Sea Shepherd are currently prohibited by US courts from approaching Japanese whalers, even if they are observed acting in defiance of <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a>, including by killing whales in protected waters.<a href="#cite_note-defiance-109">[109]</a> In March 2012, reacting to Paul Watson's allegation that <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Maltese</a> politicians were bribed by the <a href="/wiki/Bluefin_tuna" title="Bluefin tuna">Bluefin tuna</a> industry, Prime Minister of Malta <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Gonzi" title="Lawrence Gonzi">Lawrence Gonzi</a> announced that the government would initiate <a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">libel proceedings</a> against the Sea Shepherd founder.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> In May 2012, Watson was detained by German authorities after he arrived at the Frankfurt Airport based on a request from the government of <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> on the charge of violating navigational regulations.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> The charge stemmed from an altercation in 2002 took place during filming for the documentary <a href="/wiki/Sharkwater" title="Sharkwater">Sharkwater</a>,<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> in which Sea Shepherd contended that the other vessel was <a href="/wiki/Shark_finning" title="Shark finning">shark finning</a> in <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemalan</a> waters.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Watson subsequently <a href="/wiki/Bail" title="Bail">skipped bail</a> and went into hiding.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> The Costa Rican government subsequently requested the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Police_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="International Criminal Police Organization">Interpol</a> to issue a <a href="/wiki/Interpol_notice#Notice_types" title="Interpol notice">Red Notice</a> arrest request for Watson to its member countries.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Watson said on the <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a> in 2009 that the <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> had sent a letter of support for Sea Shepherd's volunteers accompanied by a wrathful, scowling statue of the deity <a href="/wiki/Hayagriva" title="Hayagriva">Hayagriva</a>, which expresses compassion and determination in overcoming obstacles.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_2009-04-17-4">[4]</a> However, during a visit to Japan in 2010, the Dalai Lama said that while he agrees with the goal of stopping Japan from hunting whales, they should stop using violent methods to achieve that goal.<a href="#cite_note-AFP20100619-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_media">In the media</h2></div> Sea Shepherd's campaigns have been documented in the <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a> documentary <a href="/wiki/Seaspiracy" title="Seaspiracy">Seaspiracy</a>, TV series <a href="/wiki/Whale_Wars" title="Whale Wars">Whale Wars</a>, and TV series <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ocean_Warriors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ocean Warriors (page does not exist)">Ocean Warriors</a> produced by <a href="/wiki/Animal_Planet" title="Animal Planet">Animal Planet</a>/<a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a>, and in books by current and past members including: <ul><li>Laura Dakin, Cookin' Up a Storm: Stories and Recipes from Sea Shepherd's Anti-Whaling Campaigns (March 16, 2015; Book Publishing Company). <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1570673122" title="Special:BookSources/978-1570673122">978-1570673122</a></li> <li>Raffaella Tolicetti, Think! Eat! Act!: A Sea Shepherd Chef's Vegan Cookbook (July 24, 2014; <a href="/wiki/Microcosm_Publishing" title="Microcosm Publishing">Microcosm Publishing</a>). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781621066668" title="Special:BookSources/9781621066668">9781621066668</a></li> <li>Laurens de Groot, Hunting the Hunters: At War With the Whalers (January 2, 2014; Adlard Coles). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1472903648" title="Special:BookSources/978-1472903648">978-1472903648</a>.</li> <li>Rik Scarce, Eco-Warriors: Understanding the Radical Environmental Movement, second revised ed. (1990; <a href="/wiki/Left_Coast_Press" title="Left Coast Press">Left Coast Press</a>, 2005), Ch. 6. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59874-028-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59874-028-8">978-1-59874-028-8</a></li> <li>Paul Watson, Seal Wars: Twenty-five Years in the Front Lines with the Harp Seals (2002; Firefly Books, 2003). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55297-751-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55297-751-4">978-1-55297-751-4</a></li> <li>Paul Watson, Ocean Warrior: My Battle to End the Illegal Slaughter on the High Seas (1994; <a href="/wiki/Key_Porter_Books" title="Key Porter Books">Key Porter Books</a>, 1996). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55013-599-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55013-599-2">978-1-55013-599-2</a></li> <li>David B. Morris, Earth Warrior: Overboard with Paul Watson and the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society (1995; Golden, CO: Fulcrum Publishing). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55591-203-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-55591-203-6">1-55591-203-6</a></li> <li>Paul Watson, Earthforce! An Earth Warrior's Guide to Strategy (1993; Los Angeles: Chaco Press). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9616019-5-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-9616019-5-7">0-9616019-5-7</a></li> <li>Paul Watson, Sea Shepherd : My Fight For Whales And Seals (1980; <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton_%26_Company" title="W. W. Norton & Company">W. W. Norton and Company</a>). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393335804" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393335804">978-0393335804</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Regulation_of_Whaling" title="International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling">International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Japan" title="Whaling in Japan">Whaling in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Whaling in the Faroe Islands">Whaling in the Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Norway" title="Whaling in Norway">Whaling in Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Iceland" title="Whaling in Iceland">Whaling in Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drift_netting" title="Drift netting">Drift netting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_finning" title="Shark finning">Shark finning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-terrorism" title="Eco-terrorism">Eco-terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_anarchism" title="Green anarchism">Green anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">Animal rights</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Animal_rights_movement" title="Animal rights movement">animal rights movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Scare" title="Green Scare">Green Scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_First!" title="Earth First!">Earth First!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_law" title="Conservation law">Conservation law</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLynch2004" class="citation news cs1">Lynch, Jim (March 21, 2004). 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Retrieved March 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Paul+Watson%3A+Sea+Shepherd+eco-warrior+fighting+to+stop+whaling+and+seal+hunts&rft.date=2009-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fearth%2F5166346%2FPaul-Watson-Sea-Shepherd-eco-warrior-fighting-to-stop-whaling-and-seal-hunts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-5"><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_5-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVidal2006" class="citation news cs1">Vidal, John (January 2, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/jan/02/whaling.activists">"Greenpeace fights sea battle with rival anti-whaling ship"</a>. The Guardian. 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Retrieved July 2, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.seashepherd.org.au&rft.atitle=Sea+Shepherd+Australia+-+Hobart+festival+banned+Sea+Shepherd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seashepherd.org.au%2Fnews-and-commentary%2Fnews%2Fhobart-festival-banned-sea-shepherd.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-55540506">"Mexican fisherman 'dies after attack on Sea Shepherd conservationists'"</a>. BBC News. 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The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120528212507/http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/16/germany-detains-activist-captain-connected-with-whale-wars/">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Germany+Detains+Activist+%27Whale+Wars%27+Captain&rft.date=2012-05-16&rft.au=Slivka%2C+Kelly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgreen.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F05%2F16%2Fgermany-detains-activist-captain-connected-with-whale-wars%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/1922318">"Sea Shepherd appeals to German gov't over arrest"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_News" title="Taiwan News">Taiwan News</a>. Associated Press. May 15, 2012. Retrieved 2021-09-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sea+Shepherd+appeals+to+German+gov%27t+over+arrest&rft.date=2012-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taiwannews.com.tw%2Fen%2Fnews%2F1922318&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/14/paul-watson-arrested_n_1513694.html">"Paul Watson Arrested: Sea Shepherd Says Founder Arrested In Germany"</a>. The Huffington Post. Associated Press. May 14, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120526191433/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/14/paul-watson-arrested_n_1513694.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Paul+Watson+Arrested%3A+Sea+Shepherd+Says+Founder+Arrested+In+Germany&rft.date=2012-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2012%2F05%2F14%2Fpaul-watson-arrested_n_1513694.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopper2012" class="citation news cs1">Hopper, Tristin (July 25, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/07/25/canadian-born-anti-whaling-crusader-skips-bail-in-germany-for-unknown-destination/">"Canadian-born Sea Shepherd boss Paul Watson skips bail in Germany for 'unknown destination'"</a>. National Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20210211174542/https://nationalpost.com/category/news/">Archived</a> from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved August 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=Canadian-born+Sea+Shepherd+boss+Paul+Watson+skips+bail+in+Germany+for+%27unknown+destination%27&rft.date=2012-07-25&rft.aulast=Hopper&rft.aufirst=Tristin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalpost.com%2F2012%2F07%2F25%2Fcanadian-born-anti-whaling-crusader-skips-bail-in-germany-for-unknown-destination%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20120810b1.html">"Interpol issues Watson Red Notice"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jiji_Press" title="Jiji Press">Jiji Press</a>. August 10, 2012. Retrieved August 17, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Interpol+issues+Watson+Red+Notice&rft.date=2012-08-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Ftext%2Fnn20120810b1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFP20100619-123"><a href="#cite_ref-AFP20100619_123-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120706094013/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gpBJbWnbsHg7_QArJhQKkoClRsog">"Dalai Lama criticises anti-whaling protesters"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">AFP</a>. June 18, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gpBJbWnbsHg7_QArJhQKkoClRsog">the original</a> on July 6, 2012. Retrieved June 27, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+criticises+anti-whaling+protesters&rft.date=2010-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fafp%2Farticle%2FALeqM5gpBJbWnbsHg7_QArJhQKkoClRsog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASea+Shepherd+Conservation+Society" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_Sites">External Sites</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society_operations" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Hvalur_sinkings" title="1986 Hvalur sinkings">1986 Hvalur sinkings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neptune%27s_Navy" title="Neptune's Navy">Neptune's Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MV_Emanuel_Bronner" title="MV Emanuel Bronner">MV Emanuel Bronner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Farley_Mowat" title="MY Farley Mowat">MY Farley Mowat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Jairo_Mora_Sandoval" title="MY Jairo Mora Sandoval">MY Jairo Mora Sandoval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_John_Paul_DeJoria" title="MV John Paul DeJoria">MY John Paul DeJoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RV_Martin_Sheen" title="RV Martin Sheen">RV Martin Sheen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Ocean_Warrior" title="MY Ocean Warrior">MY Ocean Warrior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Age_of_Union" title="MY Age of Union">MY Age of Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Sharpie" title="MV Sharpie">MV Sharpie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MY_Ady_Gil" title="MY Ady Gil">MY Ady Gil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Alchemy" title="MY Alchemy">MY Alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MY_Bob_Barker" title="MY Bob Barker">MY Bob Barker</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Pete_Bethune" title="Pete Bethune">Pete Bethune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pia_Klemp" title="Pia Klemp">Pia Klemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Coronado" title="Rod Coronado">Rod Coronado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Pacheco_(activist)" title="Alex Pacheco (activist)">Alex Pacheco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whale_Wars" title="Whale Wars">Whale Wars</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Whale_Wars_episodes" title="List of Whale Wars episodes">List of Whale Wars episodes</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/At_the_Edge_of_the_World_(2008_film)" title="At the Edge of the World (2008 film)">At the Edge of the World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Whaling" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Whaling" title="Template:Whaling"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Whaling" title="Template talk:Whaling"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Whaling" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Whaling"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Whaling" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Whaling" title="Whaling">Whaling</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/History_of_whaling" title="History of whaling">History of whaling</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Argentina" title="Whaling in Argentina">Argentina</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Australia" title="Whaling in Australia">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Western_Australia" title="Whaling in Western Australia">Western Australia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Basque_whaling" title="History of Basque whaling">Basque Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbituba#Whaling" title="Imbituba">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Canada" title="Whaling in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_on_the_Pacific_Northwest_Coast" title="Whaling on the Pacific Northwest Coast">Pacific Northwest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Chile" title="Whaling in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Whaling in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Whaling in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Whaling in Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Iceland" title="Whaling in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Japan" title="Whaling in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Madagascar" title="Whaling in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_the_Netherlands" title="Whaling in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_New_Zealand" title="Whaling in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Norway" title="Whaling in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_the_Philippines" title="Whaling in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Whaling in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Scotland" title="Whaling in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Seychelles" title="Whaling in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_South_Africa" title="Whaling in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Whaling in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_the_United_States" title="Whaling in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Harpoons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Explosive_harpoon" title="Explosive harpoon">Explosive harpoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarmann_harpoon_rifle" title="Jarmann harpoon rifle">Jarmann harpoon rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-flue_harpoon" title="One-flue harpoon">One-flue harpoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toggling_harpoon" title="Toggling harpoon">Toggling harpoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-flue_harpoon" title="Two-flue harpoon">Two-flue harpoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hunting type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_whaling" title="Aboriginal whaling">Aboriginal whaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolphin_drive_hunting" title="Dolphin drive hunting">Dolphin drive hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drift_whale" title="Drift whale">Drift whale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sperm_whaling" title="Sperm whaling">Sperm whaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsistence_hunting_of_the_bowhead_whale" title="Subsistence hunting of the bowhead whale">Subsistence hunting of the bowhead whale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whaler" title="Whaler">Whaling ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaleboat" title="Whaleboat">Whaleboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindakn%C3%ADvur" title="Grindaknívur">Grindaknívur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpoon_cannon" title="Harpoon cannon">Harpoon cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_spade" title="Head spade">Head spade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paledang" title="Paledang">Paledang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Try_pot" title="Try pot">Try pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trywork" title="Trywork">Trywork</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambergris" title="Ambergris">Ambergris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrein" title="Ambrein">Ambrein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baleen" title="Baleen">Baleen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blubber" title="Blubber">Blubber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cetyl_alcohol" title="Cetyl alcohol">Cetyl alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muktuk" title="Muktuk">Muktuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrimshaw" title="Scrimshaw">Scrimshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermaceti" title="Spermaceti">Spermaceti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sperm_oil" title="Sperm oil">Sperm oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabua" title="Tabua">Tabua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whale_feces" title="Whale feces">Whale feces</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whale_meat" title="Whale meat">meat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whale_oil" title="Whale oil">oil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Whale_Unit" title="Blue Whale Unit">Blue Whale Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Whaling_Commission" title="International Whaling Commission">International Whaling Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Regulation_of_Whaling" title="International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling">International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cetacean_Research" title="Institute of Cetacean Research">Institute of Cetacean Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whale_conservation" title="Whale conservation">Whale conservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sanctuaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Whale_Sanctuary" title="Australian Whale Sanctuary">Australian Whale Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Whale_Sanctuary" title="Indian Ocean Whale Sanctuary">Indian Ocean Whale Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_Whale_Sanctuary" title="South Pacific Whale Sanctuary">South Pacific Whale Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean_Whale_Sanctuary" title="Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary">Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greenpeace" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greenpeace" title="Template:Greenpeace"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greenpeace" title="Template talk:Greenpeace"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greenpeace" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greenpeace"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greenpeace" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Radford" title="Phil Radford">Phil Radford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bailey_(environmentalist)" title="Michael Bailey (environmentalist)">Michael Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumi_Naidoo" title="Kumi Naidoo">Kumi Naidoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Stowe" title="Irving Stowe">Irving Stowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Metcalfe" title="Ben Metcalfe">Ben Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Watson" title="Paul Watson">Paul Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rex_Weyler" title="Rex Weyler">Rex Weyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bohlen" title="Jim Bohlen">Jim Bohlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_E._Jackson" title="Will E. Jackson">Will E. Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McTaggart" title="David McTaggart">David McTaggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hunter_(journalist)" title="Robert Hunter (journalist)">Robert Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Moore_(consultant)" title="Patrick Moore (consultant)">Patrick Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Soria" title="Oscar Soria">Oscar Soria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sauven" title="John Sauven">John Sauven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Stirling" title="Andy Stirling">Andy Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Tindale" title="Stephen Tindale">Stephen Tindale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_McSorley" title="Jean McSorley">Jean McSorley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Stowe" title="Dorothy Stowe">Dorothy Stowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Willcox" title="Peter Willcox">Peter Willcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Pereira" title="Fernando Pereira">Fernando Pereira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Beltr%C3%A1" title="Daniel Beltrá">Daniel Beltrá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Delaney" title="Dennis Delaney">Dennis Delaney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Von_Hernandez" title="Von Hernandez">Von Hernandez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Cormack" title="Phyllis Cormack">Phyllis Cormack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_(1955)" title="Rainbow Warrior (1955)">Rainbow Warrior (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_(1957)" title="Rainbow Warrior (1957)">Rainbow Warrior (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_(2011)" title="Rainbow Warrior (2011)">Rainbow Warrior (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Esperanza" title="MV Esperanza">Esperanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Arctic_Sunrise" title="MV Arctic Sunrise">Arctic Sunrise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Sirius" title="MV Sirius">Sirius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Solo" title="MV Solo">Solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Greenpeace" title="MV Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Gondwana" title="MV Gondwana">Gondwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Thing" title="Yellow Thing">Yellow Thing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fri_(yacht)" title="Fri (yacht)">Fri (yacht)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Aotearoa_New_Zealand" title="Greenpeace Aotearoa New Zealand">Greenpeace Aotearoa New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Australia_Pacific" title="Greenpeace Australia Pacific">Greenpeace Australia Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_East_Asia" title="Greenpeace East Asia">Greenpeace East Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Nordic" title="Greenpeace Nordic">Greenpeace Nordic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Southeast_Asia" title="Greenpeace Southeast Asia">Greenpeace Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_USA" title="Greenpeace USA">Greenpeace USA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_Foundation" title="Greenpeace Foundation">Greenpeace Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Greenpeace" title="London Greenpeace">London Greenpeace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Make_a_Wave_Committee" title="Don't Make a Wave Committee">Don't Make a Wave Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmament_(NZ)" title="Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (NZ)">Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (NZ)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Unearthed_(publication)" title="Unearthed (publication)">Unearthed</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule_(ketch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Rule (ketch)">Golden Rule (ketch)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpeace_%E2%80%93_The_Album" title="Greenpeace – The Album">Greenpeace – The Album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Rainbow_Warrior" title="Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior">Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_Case" title="Rainbow Warrior Case">Rainbow Warrior Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_to_Change_the_World_(film)" title="How to Change the World (film)">How to Change the World (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rainbow_Warrior_Conspiracy" title="The Rainbow Warrior Conspiracy">The Rainbow Warrior Conspiracy (miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rainbow_Warrior_(film)" title="The Rainbow Warrior (film)">The Rainbow Warrior (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mister_Splashy_Pants" title="Mister Splashy Pants">Mister Splashy Pants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Eye_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Eye Award">Public Eye Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Park_Base" title="World Park Base">World Park Base</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div 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