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<span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Area_specifications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Area_specifications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Area specifications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Area_specifications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open-air_museum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open-air_museum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Open-air museum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Open-air_museum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Highrise_buildings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highrise_buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Highrise buildings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Highrise_buildings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Highrise buildings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Highrise_buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Completed_highrise_buildings_above_50_m_(164_ft)_(1967–2024)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Completed_highrise_buildings_above_50_m_(164_ft)_(1967–2024)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Completed highrise buildings above 50 m (164 ft) (1967–2024)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Completed_highrise_buildings_above_50_m_(164_ft)_(1967–2024)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upcoming_highrise_buildings_(2024–2027)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upcoming_highrise_buildings_(2024–2027)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Upcoming highrise buildings (2024–2027)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upcoming_highrise_buildings_(2024–2027)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canceled_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canceled_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Canceled projects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canceled_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">La Défense</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 69 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3" title="لا ديفونس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لا ديفونس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Defans" title="La Defans – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="La Defans" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Дэфанс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дэфанс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Дэфанс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дэфанс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Дефанс – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дефанс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Defense" title="La Defense – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="La Defense" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B1_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%82" title="Λα Ντεφάνς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λα Ντεφάνς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3" title="لا دفانس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لا دفانس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EB%8D%B0%ED%8C%A1%EC%8A%A4" title="라데팡스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="라데팡스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A5%D6%86%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD" title="Դեֆանս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դեֆանս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%93%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="לה דפאנס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לה דפאנס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90-%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ლა-დეფანსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლა-დეფანსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladef%C4%81nsa" title="Ladefānsa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ladefānsa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81" title="ला दिफाँ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ला दिफाँ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3" title="لا ديفونس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لا ديفونس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9" title="ラ・デファンス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラ・デファンス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Дефанс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дефанс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Дефанс – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дефанс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="ลาเดฟ็องส์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลาเดฟ็องส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Дефанс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дефанс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3" title="لا دیفانس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لا دیفانس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="La Défense" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E8%8A%B3%E6%96%AF" title="拉德芳斯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="拉德芳斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E5%A3%AB" title="勒地方士 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="勒地方士" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E8%8A%B3%E6%96%AF" title="拉德芳斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="拉德芳斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=La_D%C3%A9fense&params=48_53_30_N_2_14_27_E_region:FR_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°53′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°14′27″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.89167°N 2.24083°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.89167; 2.24083</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Business district in Île-de-France, France</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Central business district in Île-de-France, France</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">La Défense</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">Central business district</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_D%C3%A9fense_Collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clockwise from top: La Défense skyline at night; La Défense station; Esplanade with Grande Arche; La Défense de Paris"><img alt="Clockwise from top: La Défense skyline at night; La Défense station; Esplanade with Grande Arche; La Défense de Paris" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/La_D%C3%A9fense_Collage.jpg/280px-La_D%C3%A9fense_Collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/La_D%C3%A9fense_Collage.jpg/420px-La_D%C3%A9fense_Collage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/La_D%C3%A9fense_Collage.jpg/560px-La_D%C3%A9fense_Collage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><b>Clockwise from top</b>: La Défense skyline at night; <a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense_station" title="La Défense station">La Défense station</a>; Esplanade with <a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense_de_Paris" title="La Défense de Paris">La Défense de Paris</a></i></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data">France</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_France" title="Regions of France">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Île-de-France</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">Department</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hauts-de-Seine" title="Hauts-de-Seine">Hauts-de-Seine</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_France" title="Communes of France">Communes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Courbevoie" title="Courbevoie">Courbevoie</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/La_Garenne-Colombes" title="La Garenne-Colombes">La Garenne-Colombes</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Nanterre" title="Nanterre">Nanterre</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Puteaux" title="Puteaux">Puteaux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5.6 km<sup>2</sup> (2.2 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">50,000<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parisladefense.com">parisladefense<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>La Défense</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[la<span class="wrap"> </span>de.fɑ̃s]</a></span>) is a major <a href="/wiki/Business_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Business district">business district</a> in France's <a href="/wiki/Paris_metropolitan_area" title="Paris metropolitan area">Paris metropolitan area</a>, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of the <a href="/wiki/City_limits" title="City limits">city limits</a>. It is located in <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Île-de-France</a> region's <a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">department</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hauts-de-Seine" title="Hauts-de-Seine">Hauts-de-Seine</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Communes_of_France" title="Communes of France">communes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Courbevoie" title="Courbevoie">Courbevoie</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Garenne-Colombes" title="La Garenne-Colombes">La Garenne-Colombes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanterre" title="Nanterre">Nanterre</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Puteaux" title="Puteaux">Puteaux</a>. </p><p>La Défense is Europe's largest purpose-built business district, covering 560 hectares (1,400 acres), for 180,000 daily workers,<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VilleCourbevoie_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VilleCourbevoie-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with 72 glass and steel buildings (of which 20 are completed <a href="/wiki/Skyscraper" title="Skyscraper">skyscrapers</a>, out of 24 in the Paris region), and 3,500,000 square metres (38,000,000 sq ft) of office space. Around its <a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parvis_de_la_D%C3%A9fense" title="Parvis de la Défense">esplanade</a> ("le Parvis"), La Défense contains many of the Paris <a href="/wiki/Paris_aire_urbaine" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris aire urbaine">urban area</a>'s <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_France" title="List of tallest buildings in France">tallest high-rises.</a> <a href="/wiki/Les_Quatre_Temps" title="Les Quatre Temps">Westfield Les Quatre Temps</a>, a large shopping mall in La Défense, has 220 stores, 48 restaurants and a 24-screen movie theatre.<sup id="cite_ref-ParisDigest_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ParisDigest-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Paris_La_D%C3%A9fense_Arena" title="Paris La Défense Arena">Paris La Défense Arena</a>, the largest <a href="/wiki/Indoor_arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoor arena">indoor arena</a> in Europe, was inaugurated in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The district is located at the westernmost extremity of the 10-kilometre-long (6.2 mi) <i><a href="/wiki/Axe_historique" title="Axe historique">Axe historique</a></i> ("historical axis") of <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, which starts at the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a> in Central Paris and continues along the <a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a>, well beyond the <a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Avenue_de_la_Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Avenue de la Grande Armée">Avenue de la Grande Armée</a> before culminating at La Défense. The district is centred in an <a href="/wiki/Orbital_motorway" class="mw-redirect" title="Orbital motorway">orbital motorway</a> straddling the <a href="/wiki/Hauts-de-Seine" title="Hauts-de-Seine">Hauts-de-Seine</a> <a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">department</a> <a href="/wiki/Communes_of_France" title="Communes of France">communes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Courbevoie" title="Courbevoie">Courbevoie</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Garenne-Colombes" title="La Garenne-Colombes">La Garenne-Colombes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanterre" title="Nanterre">Nanterre</a> and <a href="/wiki/Puteaux" title="Puteaux">Puteaux</a>. La Défense is primarily a business district and hosts a population of 50,000 permanent residents and 75,000 students.<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VilleCourbevoie_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VilleCourbevoie-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La Défense is also visited by 8,000,000 tourists each year<sup id="cite_ref-VilleCourbevoie_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VilleCourbevoie-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and houses an <a href="/wiki/Open-air_museum" title="Open-air museum">open-air museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Open-air_museum_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Open-air_museum-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Grande_Arche_de_la_D%C3%A9fense_and_the_Yaacov_Agam_Fountain_(1977).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/La_Grande_Arche_de_la_D%C3%A9fense_and_the_Yaacov_Agam_Fountain_%281977%29.jpg/290px-La_Grande_Arche_de_la_D%C3%A9fense_and_the_Yaacov_Agam_Fountain_%281977%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/La_Grande_Arche_de_la_D%C3%A9fense_and_the_Yaacov_Agam_Fountain_%281977%29.jpg/435px-La_Grande_Arche_de_la_D%C3%A9fense_and_the_Yaacov_Agam_Fountain_%281977%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/La_Grande_Arche_de_la_D%C3%A9fense_and_the_Yaacov_Agam_Fountain_%281977%29.jpg/580px-La_Grande_Arche_de_la_D%C3%A9fense_and_the_Yaacov_Agam_Fountain_%281977%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2027" /></a><figcaption>La <a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a> de la Défense and the <a href="/wiki/Yaacov_Agam" title="Yaacov Agam">Yaacov Agam</a> Fountain (1977). The bronze sculpture on the left, seen from the rear, is <i><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense_de_Paris" title="La Défense de Paris">La Défense de Paris</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Louis-Ernest_Barrias" title="Louis-Ernest Barrias">Louis-Ernest Barrias</a>, after which La Défense is named.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eiffel_Tower_from_the_Tour_Montparnasse_3,_Paris_May_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Eiffel_Tower_from_the_Tour_Montparnasse_3%2C_Paris_May_2014.jpg/290px-Eiffel_Tower_from_the_Tour_Montparnasse_3%2C_Paris_May_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Eiffel_Tower_from_the_Tour_Montparnasse_3%2C_Paris_May_2014.jpg/435px-Eiffel_Tower_from_the_Tour_Montparnasse_3%2C_Paris_May_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Eiffel_Tower_from_the_Tour_Montparnasse_3%2C_Paris_May_2014.jpg/580px-Eiffel_Tower_from_the_Tour_Montparnasse_3%2C_Paris_May_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3990" data-file-height="2827" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, with the skyscrapers of La Défense in the background and the <a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a> in the foreground taken in 2014</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grande_Arche_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_et_fontaine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/52/Grande_Arche_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_et_fontaine.jpg/290px-Grande_Arche_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_et_fontaine.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/52/Grande_Arche_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_et_fontaine.jpg/435px-Grande_Arche_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_et_fontaine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/52/Grande_Arche_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_et_fontaine.jpg/580px-Grande_Arche_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_et_fontaine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2008" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a> is the central and defining building of <i>La Défense</i>. It is, with the <a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe_de_l%27%C3%89toile" class="mw-redirect" title="Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile">Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe_du_Carrousel" title="Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel">Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel</a>, the third arch on the <a href="/wiki/Axe_historique" title="Axe historique">Historical Axis of Paris</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>La Défense is named after the statue <i><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense_de_Paris" title="La Défense de Paris">La Défense de Paris</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Louis-Ernest_Barrias" title="Louis-Ernest Barrias">Louis-Ernest Barrias</a>, which was erected in 1883 to commemorate the soldiers who had <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Paris_(1870%E2%80%931871)" title="Siege of Paris (1870–1871)">defended Paris</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a>. </p><p>In September 1958, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tablissement_public_pour_l%27am%C3%A9nagement_de_la_r%C3%A9gion_de_la_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Établissement public pour l'aménagement de la région de la Défense (page does not exist)">Public Establishment for Installation of La Défense</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tablissement_public_pour_l%27am%C3%A9nagement_de_la_r%C3%A9gion_de_la_D%C3%A9fense" class="extiw" title="fr:Établissement public pour l'aménagement de la région de la Défense">fr</a>]</span> (EPAD) buildings (of which the <a href="/wiki/Esso_Tower" title="Esso Tower">Esso Tower</a> was the first) were constructed and began to slowly replace the city's factories, shanties, and even a few farms. The <a href="/wiki/Centre_of_New_Industries_and_Technologies" title="Centre of New Industries and Technologies">Centre of New Industries and Technologies</a> (CNIT) was built and first used in 1958. These "first generation" skyscrapers were all very similar in appearance, limited to a height of 100 metres (330 ft). In 1966, the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Tower">Nobel Tower</a> was the first office skyscraper built in the area. In 1970, the <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_express_r%C3%A9gional" class="mw-redirect" title="Réseau express régional">RER</a> <a href="/wiki/RER_A" title="RER A">line A</a> railway was opened from <a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense_(station)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Défense (station)">La Défense</a> to <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle_%E2%80%93_%C3%89toile_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro_and_RER)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de Gaulle – Étoile (Paris Métro and RER)">Étoile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1974, a contract for a Défense-<a href="/wiki/Cergy" title="Cergy">Cergy</a> <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rotrain" title="Aérotrain">high-speed hovercraft train</a> was signed and soon abandoned. </p><p>In the early 1970s, in response to great demand, a second generation of buildings began to appear, but the <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">economic crisis in 1973</a> nearly halted all construction in the area. A third generation of towers began to appear in the early 1980s. The biggest shopping centre in Europe (at the time), the <i>Quatre Temps</i>, was created in 1981. In 1982, the EPAD launched the <i>Tête Défense</i> competition to find a monument to complete the <i><a href="/wiki/Axe_historique" title="Axe historique">Axe historique</a></i>, which eventually led to the construction of <a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a> at the west end of the quarter. During the same period, hotels were constructed, the CNIT was restructured, and in 1992, <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_Line_1" title="Paris Métro Line 1">Line 1</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a> was extended to La Défense, which made the area readily accessible to more of the city.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day" title="Bastille Day">Bastille Day</a> 1990, French electronic composer <a href="/wiki/Jean-Michel_Jarre" title="Jean-Michel Jarre">Jean-Michel Jarre</a> staged an ambitious concert at the site, using the Grande Arche and three of the area's towers as projection screens, and building a pyramidal stage above the road. The free concert, titled <a href="/wiki/Paris_la_D%C3%A9fense" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris la Défense">Paris la Défense</a>, attracted two million spectators, stretching all the way back to the <a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a>. This beat Jarre's own previous world record for the largest attendance for a musical concert. After Jean Michel Jarre, German DJ <a href="/wiki/Sash!" title="Sash!">Sash!</a> and the singer <a href="/wiki/La_Trec" class="mw-redirect" title="La Trec">La Trec</a> set the video clip for their song <i>Stay</i> at La Défense in 1997. </p><p>After a stagnation in new development in the mid-1990s, La Défense is once again expanding and is now the largest purpose-built business district in Europe. </p><p>Major corporations headquartered at La Défense include <a href="/wiki/Neuf_Cegetel" title="Neuf Cegetel">Neuf Cegetel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale" title="Société Générale">Société Générale</a>, <a href="/wiki/TotalEnergies" title="TotalEnergies">TotalEnergies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aventis" class="mw-redirect" title="Aventis">Aventis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Areva" title="Areva">Areva</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arcelor" title="Arcelor">Arcelor</a>. The tallest skyscraper, the <a href="/wiki/Tour_First" title="Tour First">Tour First</a> belongs to <a href="/wiki/AXA" class="mw-redirect" title="AXA">AXA</a>, constructed in 1974. It is 231 metres (758 ft) high, has 50 floors, and is the highest inhabited building in the Paris area. This title was previously held by the <a href="/wiki/Tour_Montparnasse" title="Tour Montparnasse">Tour Montparnasse</a>, which was the tallest inhabited building until the Tour First was renovated between 2007 and 2011, bringing it to its current height from a previous 159 metres (522 ft); the tallest structure in Paris is the <a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a>. </p><p>On 9 September 2008, La Défense celebrated its 50th anniversary with a huge <a href="/wiki/Fireworks" title="Fireworks">fireworks</a> display.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2005, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Bled" class="extiw" title="fr:Bernard Bled">Bernard Bled</a>, CEO and chairman of EPAD (La Defense Management and Development Office) announced an ambitious nine-year development plan called <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projet_La_D%C3%A9fense_2015" class="extiw" title="fr:Projet La Défense 2015">"La Defense 2006–2015"</a>. This important modernisation plan has to give a new dimension to the district and focuses on four main axes: regenerate outdated skyscrapers, allow new buildings, improve the balance between offices and residential housing, and make the transport of local employees from their homes to La Défense easier. There are three aims: building 150,000 square metres (1,600,000 sq ft) of offices within demolition/rebuilding projects, building 300,000 square metres (3,200,000 sq ft) of offices within new projects, and building 100,000 square metres (1,100,000 sq ft) of housing. </p><p>In July 2006, the government confirmed this plan, which has to be carried out around 2015. It is justified by the strong estate pressure, which plays in favour of building new skyscrapers near Paris. Those constructions have the advantage of being more economical than small buildings. But it will have to overcome some difficulties: the French economy faced a short-term slowdown;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (July 2024)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> the government is trying to balance tertiary sector employment in the whole region again, because today La Défense concentrates a major part of those jobs; and traffic is already saturated in the district, while it would need huge investments to extend transport infrastructures. </p><p>It launched high-profile international competitions and/or construction approval of several key 300-to-320-metre (980 to 1,050 ft) tall sustainable development-style skyscrapers such as <a href="/wiki/Tour_Signal" title="Tour Signal">Tour Signal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phare_(skyscraper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phare (skyscraper)">Tour Phare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Plaza" title="Hermitage Plaza">Hermitage Plaza</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tour_Generali" title="Tour Generali">Tour Generali</a>. During said December 2005 Press Conference, EPAD released to the public an elaborate 3D animation film titled <i>La Défense 2016</i>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_La_D%C3%A9fense.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Panorama_La_D%C3%A9fense.jpg/1000px-Panorama_La_D%C3%A9fense.jpg" decoding="async" width="1000" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Panorama_La_D%C3%A9fense.jpg/1500px-Panorama_La_D%C3%A9fense.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Panorama_La_D%C3%A9fense.jpg/2000px-Panorama_La_D%C3%A9fense.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13187" data-file-height="2206" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">The district at night</div></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Paris La Défense brings together the cluster of <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci_University_Center" title="Leonardo da Vinci University Center">Leonardo da Vinci University Center</a>, the IA Institut,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a campus of <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_pour_l%27informatique_et_les_techniques_avanc%C3%A9es" title="École pour l'informatique et les techniques avancées">EPITA</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 4 <a href="/wiki/Business_school" title="Business school">business schools</a>: <a href="/wiki/EDC_Paris_Business_School" title="EDC Paris Business School">EDC Paris Business School</a>, <a href="/wiki/ESSEC_Business_School" title="ESSEC Business School">ESSEC Business School</a>, <a href="/wiki/ICN_Graduate_Business_School" class="mw-redirect" title="ICN Graduate Business School">ICN Graduate Business School</a> and <a href="/wiki/IESEG_School_of_Management" class="mw-redirect" title="IESEG School of Management">IESEG School of Management</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also home to the <a href="/wiki/European_School_of_Paris-La_D%C3%A9fense" title="European School of Paris-La Défense">European School of Paris-La Défense</a>, an international primary and secondary school that was accredited as a <a href="/wiki/Accredited_European_School" title="Accredited European School">European School</a> in 2020. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Area_specifications">Area specifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Area specifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Divided into 4 major sectors<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1,400 acres (5.7 km<sup>2</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>3,500,000 square metres (38,000,000 sq ft) of offices<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>310,000 square metres (3,300,000 sq ft) of flagstone and sidewalk<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>245,000 square metres (2,640,000 sq ft) of shops (including the 140,000 square metres (1,500,000 sq ft) <i>Westfield Les Quatre Temps</i> Shopping Mall)<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>110,000 square metres (1,200,000 sq ft) of greenery<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>180,000 employees<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>70,000 students<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>50,000 residents<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2,600 hotel rooms<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1,500 businesses<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>500+ companies<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>150 restaurants<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>61 <a href="/wiki/Skyscrapers" class="mw-redirect" title="Skyscrapers">skyscrapers</a>, 76m (250 ft) average building height<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 772px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument_D%C3%A9fense_Paris_-_Courbevoie_(FR92)_-_2023-09-16_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The name of the district comes from the statue of La Défense de Paris by Louis-Ernest Barrias which commemorates the Parisian resistance during the Franco-Prussian War."><img alt="The name of the district comes from the statue of La Défense de Paris by Louis-Ernest Barrias which commemorates the Parisian resistance during the Franco-Prussian War." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Monument_D%C3%A9fense_Paris_-_Courbevoie_%28FR92%29_-_2023-09-16_-_1.jpg/112px-Monument_D%C3%A9fense_Paris_-_Courbevoie_%28FR92%29_-_2023-09-16_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Monument_D%C3%A9fense_Paris_-_Courbevoie_%28FR92%29_-_2023-09-16_-_1.jpg/169px-Monument_D%C3%A9fense_Paris_-_Courbevoie_%28FR92%29_-_2023-09-16_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Monument_D%C3%A9fense_Paris_-_Courbevoie_%28FR92%29_-_2023-09-16_-_1.jpg/225px-Monument_D%C3%A9fense_Paris_-_Courbevoie_%28FR92%29_-_2023-09-16_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The name of the district comes from the statue of <i><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense_de_Paris" title="La Défense de Paris">La Défense de Paris</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Louis-Ernest_Barrias" title="Louis-Ernest Barrias">Louis-Ernest Barrias</a> which commemorates the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Paris_(1870%E2%80%931871)" title="Siege of Paris (1870–1871)">Parisian resistance</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_D%C3%A9fense,_Paris,_France_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View from Arc de Triomphe at night."><img alt="View from Arc de Triomphe at night." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/La_D%C3%A9fense%2C_Paris%2C_France_at_night.jpg/150px-La_D%C3%A9fense%2C_Paris%2C_France_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/La_D%C3%A9fense%2C_Paris%2C_France_at_night.jpg/225px-La_D%C3%A9fense%2C_Paris%2C_France_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/La_D%C3%A9fense%2C_Paris%2C_France_at_night.jpg/300px-La_D%C3%A9fense%2C_Paris%2C_France_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View from <a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a> at night.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_D%C3%A9fense_and_Bois_de_Boulogne_from_the_Eiffel_Tower,_11_June_2017_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View from Eiffel Tower."><img alt="View from Eiffel Tower." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/La_D%C3%A9fense_and_Bois_de_Boulogne_from_the_Eiffel_Tower%2C_11_June_2017_002.jpg/150px-La_D%C3%A9fense_and_Bois_de_Boulogne_from_the_Eiffel_Tower%2C_11_June_2017_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/La_D%C3%A9fense_and_Bois_de_Boulogne_from_the_Eiffel_Tower%2C_11_June_2017_002.jpg/225px-La_D%C3%A9fense_and_Bois_de_Boulogne_from_the_Eiffel_Tower%2C_11_June_2017_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/La_D%C3%A9fense_and_Bois_de_Boulogne_from_the_Eiffel_Tower%2C_11_June_2017_002.jpg/300px-La_D%C3%A9fense_and_Bois_de_Boulogne_from_the_Eiffel_Tower%2C_11_June_2017_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View from <a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Centre_commercial_Les_Quatre_Temps.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Mall "Westfield Les Quatre Temps", one of Europe's largest shopping centers."><img alt="The Mall "Westfield Les Quatre Temps", one of Europe's largest shopping centers." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Centre_commercial_Les_Quatre_Temps.jpg/150px-Centre_commercial_Les_Quatre_Temps.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Centre_commercial_Les_Quatre_Temps.jpg/225px-Centre_commercial_Les_Quatre_Temps.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Centre_commercial_Les_Quatre_Temps.jpg/300px-Centre_commercial_Les_Quatre_Temps.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1542" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Mall "<a href="/wiki/Westfield_Group" title="Westfield Group">Westfield</a> <a href="/wiki/Les_Quatre_Temps" title="Les Quatre Temps">Les Quatre Temps</a>", one of Europe's largest shopping centers.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylight_tower_-_La_D%C3%A9fense_-_2017-09-23.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skylight tower."><img alt="Skylight tower." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Skylight_tower_-_La_D%C3%A9fense_-_2017-09-23.jpg/150px-Skylight_tower_-_La_D%C3%A9fense_-_2017-09-23.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Skylight_tower_-_La_D%C3%A9fense_-_2017-09-23.jpg/225px-Skylight_tower_-_La_D%C3%A9fense_-_2017-09-23.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Skylight_tower_-_La_D%C3%A9fense_-_2017-09-23.jpg/300px-Skylight_tower_-_La_D%C3%A9fense_-_2017-09-23.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tour_Skylight" title="Tour Skylight">Skylight tower</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Western_part_of_La_D%C3%A9fense_as_seen_from_the_Grande_Arche_-_2020-07-07.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Western part of La Défense as seen from the Grande Arche."><img alt="Western part of La Défense as seen from the Grande Arche." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Western_part_of_La_D%C3%A9fense_as_seen_from_the_Grande_Arche_-_2020-07-07.jpg/150px-Western_part_of_La_D%C3%A9fense_as_seen_from_the_Grande_Arche_-_2020-07-07.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Western_part_of_La_D%C3%A9fense_as_seen_from_the_Grande_Arche_-_2020-07-07.jpg/225px-Western_part_of_La_D%C3%A9fense_as_seen_from_the_Grande_Arche_-_2020-07-07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Western_part_of_La_D%C3%A9fense_as_seen_from_the_Grande_Arche_-_2020-07-07.jpg/300px-Western_part_of_La_D%C3%A9fense_as_seen_from_the_Grande_Arche_-_2020-07-07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8112" data-file-height="3680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Western part of La Défense as seen from the Grande Arche.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_D%C3%A9fense_from_the_top_of_the_Grande_Arche_to_the_east_-_2022-08-13.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="La Défense from the top of the Grande Arche."><img alt="La Défense from the top of the Grande Arche." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/La_D%C3%A9fense_from_the_top_of_the_Grande_Arche_to_the_east_-_2022-08-13.jpg/150px-La_D%C3%A9fense_from_the_top_of_the_Grande_Arche_to_the_east_-_2022-08-13.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/La_D%C3%A9fense_from_the_top_of_the_Grande_Arche_to_the_east_-_2022-08-13.jpg/225px-La_D%C3%A9fense_from_the_top_of_the_Grande_Arche_to_the_east_-_2022-08-13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/La_D%C3%A9fense_from_the_top_of_the_Grande_Arche_to_the_east_-_2022-08-13.jpg/300px-La_D%C3%A9fense_from_the_top_of_the_Grande_Arche_to_the_east_-_2022-08-13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">La Défense from the top of the Grande Arche.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Open-air_museum">Open-air museum</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Open-air museum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Besides the representative architecture, the area also houses an <a href="/wiki/Open-air_museum" title="Open-air museum">open-air museum</a> with 70 statues and pieces of <a href="/wiki/Modern_art" title="Modern art">modern art</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Open-air_museum_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Open-air_museum-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the following works: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Baldaccini" title="César Baldaccini">César</a>, <i>Thumb</i> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a>, <i>Two fantastic characters</i> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">Alexander Calder</a>, <i>Red Spider</i> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaacov_Agam" title="Yaacov Agam">Yaacov Agam</a>, <i>Fountain</i> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Serra" title="Richard Serra">Richard Serra</a>, <i>Slat</i> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelomo_Selinger" title="Shelomo Selinger">Shelomo Selinger</a>, <i>The Dance</i> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernar_Venet" title="Bernar Venet">Bernar Venet</a>, <i>Two Indeterminate Lines</i> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panayiotis_Vassilakis" title="Panayiotis Vassilakis">Takis</a>, <i>Bright Trees</i> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Mitoraj" title="Igor Mitoraj">Igor Mitoraj</a>, <i>Tindaro</i> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Young" title="Emily Young">Emily Young</a>, <i>Four Heads</i> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Blanc" title="Patrick Blanc">Patrick Blanc</a>, <i>Green wall</i> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Ernest_Barrias" title="Louis-Ernest Barrias">Louis-Ernest Barrias</a>, <i>La Défense de Paris</i> (1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Morellet" title="François Morellet">François Morellet</a>, <i>La Défonce</i> (1990)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Bottazzi" title="Guillaume Bottazzi">Guillaume Bottazzi</a>, <i>Peinture de 216 m<sup>2</sup></i> (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 228px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 226px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bottazzi-public-art-la-defense-france.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Guillaume Bottazzi, Untitled, c. 2014"><img alt="Guillaume Bottazzi, Untitled, c. 2014" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Bottazzi-public-art-la-defense-france.jpg/339px-Bottazzi-public-art-la-defense-france.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Bottazzi-public-art-la-defense-france.jpg/510px-Bottazzi-public-art-la-defense-france.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Bottazzi-public-art-la-defense-france.jpg/679px-Bottazzi-public-art-la-defense-france.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="597" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Bottazzi" title="Guillaume Bottazzi">Guillaume Bottazzi</a>, <i>Untitled</i>, c. 2014 </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Highrise_buildings">Highrise buildings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Highrise buildings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 88.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 86.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tour_First_-_La_Defense_-_Inauguration_6_mai_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tour First"><img alt="Tour First" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Tour_First_-_La_Defense_-_Inauguration_6_mai_2011.jpg/130px-Tour_First_-_La_Defense_-_Inauguration_6_mai_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Tour_First_-_La_Defense_-_Inauguration_6_mai_2011.jpg/195px-Tour_First_-_La_Defense_-_Inauguration_6_mai_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Tour_First_-_La_Defense_-_Inauguration_6_mai_2011.jpg/259px-Tour_First_-_La_Defense_-_Inauguration_6_mai_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1964" data-file-height="4084" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tour_First" title="Tour First">Tour First</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tour-Total.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tour Total"><img alt="Tour Total" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/Tour-Total.jpg/202px-Tour-Total.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/Tour-Total.jpg/304px-Tour-Total.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/Tour-Total.jpg/405px-Tour-Total.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3312" data-file-height="4416" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tour_Total" title="Tour Total">Tour Total</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Areva1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tour Areva"><img alt="Tour Areva" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0f/Areva1.jpg/202px-Areva1.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0f/Areva1.jpg/304px-Areva1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0f/Areva1.jpg/405px-Areva1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tour_Areva" title="Tour Areva">Tour Areva</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tour_Trinity_La_D%C3%A9fense_France.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tour Trinity"><img alt="Tour Trinity" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Tour_Trinity_La_D%C3%A9fense_France.jpg/202px-Tour_Trinity_La_D%C3%A9fense_France.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Tour_Trinity_La_D%C3%A9fense_France.jpg/304px-Tour_Trinity_La_D%C3%A9fense_France.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Tour_Trinity_La_D%C3%A9fense_France.jpg/405px-Tour_Trinity_La_D%C3%A9fense_France.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tour_Trinity" title="Tour Trinity">Tour Trinity</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Completed_highrise_buildings_above_50_m_(164_ft)_(1967–2024)"><span id="Completed_highrise_buildings_above_50_m_.28164_ft.29_.281967.E2.80.932024.29"></span>Completed highrise buildings above 50 m (164 ft) (1967–2024)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Completed highrise buildings above 50 m (164 ft) (1967–2024)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="border:#999; background:light gray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Name</b></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Built</b></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Use</b></span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Height</b></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Levels</b></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Municipality</b></span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"> <td style="width:45px;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>metres</b></span></td> <td style="width:45px; text-align:center;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>feet</b></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_First" title="Tour First">Tour First</a> (formerly tour AXA)</td> <td>1974/2011</td> <td>office</td> <td>231</td> <td>758</td> <td>50</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Courbevoie" title="Courbevoie">Courbevoie</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Hekla" title="Tour Hekla">Tour Hekla</a></td> <td>2022</td> <td>office</td> <td>220</td> <td>722</td> <td>51</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Puteaux" title="Puteaux">Puteaux</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Majunga" title="Tour Majunga">Tour Majunga</a></td> <td>2014</td> <td>office</td> <td>194</td> <td>636</td> <td>47</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Total" title="Tour Total">Tour Total</a> (Coupole)</td> <td>1985</td> <td>office</td> <td>187</td> <td>614</td> <td>48</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_T1" title="Tour T1">Tour Engie</a> (T1)</td> <td>2008</td> <td>office</td> <td>185</td> <td>607</td> <td>37</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Granite" title="Tour Granite">Tour Granite</a> (Société Générale)</td> <td>2008</td> <td>office</td> <td>184</td> <td>600</td> <td>37</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanterre" title="Nanterre">Nanterre</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Gan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Gan">Tour CB21</a> (formerly tour Gan)</td> <td>1974</td> <td>office</td> <td>179</td> <td>587</td> <td>42</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Areva" title="Tour Areva">Tour Areva</a></td> <td>1974</td> <td>office</td> <td>178</td> <td>584</td> <td>44</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Saint-Gobain" title="Tour Saint-Gobain">Tour Saint-Gobain</a></td> <td>2020</td> <td>office</td> <td>178</td> <td>584</td> <td>39</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_D2" title="Tour D2">Tour D2</a></td> <td>2014</td> <td>office</td> <td>171</td> <td>561</td> <td>37</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Alicante" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Alicante">Tour Alicante</a> (Société Générale)</td> <td>1995</td> <td>office</td> <td>167</td> <td>548</td> <td>37</td> <td>Nanterre </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Chassagne" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Chassagne">Tour Chassagne</a> (Société Générale)</td> <td>1995</td> <td>office</td> <td>167</td> <td>548</td> <td>37</td> <td>Nanterre </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_EDF" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour EDF">Tour EDF</a></td> <td>2001</td> <td>office</td> <td>165</td> <td>541</td> <td>41</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Carpe_Diem" title="Tour Carpe Diem">Tour Carpe Diem</a></td> <td>2013</td> <td>office</td> <td>162</td> <td>531</td> <td>38</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C5%93ur_D%C3%A9fense" title="Cœur Défense">Cœur Défense</a></td> <td>2001</td> <td>office</td> <td>161</td> <td>528</td> <td>40</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Alto" title="Tour Alto">Tour Alto</a></td> <td>2020</td> <td>office</td> <td>160</td> <td>525</td> <td>38</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Adria" title="Tour Adria">Tour Adria</a> (Technip)</td> <td>2002</td> <td>office</td> <td>155</td> <td>509</td> <td>40</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_%C3%89g%C3%A9e" title="Tour Égée">Tour Égée</a> (Ernst&Young)</td> <td>1999</td> <td>office</td> <td>155</td> <td>509</td> <td>40</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Ariane" title="Tour Ariane">Tour Ariane</a></td> <td>1975</td> <td>office</td> <td>152</td> <td>499</td> <td>36</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Trinity" title="Tour Trinity">Tour Trinity</a></td> <td>2020</td> <td>office</td> <td>151</td> <td>495</td> <td>32</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_CBX" title="Tour CBX">Tour Dexia</a> (CBX)</td> <td>2005</td> <td>office</td> <td>142</td> <td>466</td> <td>36</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Europlaza" title="Tour Europlaza">Tour Europlaza</a></td> <td>1995</td> <td>office</td> <td>135</td> <td>443</td> <td>31</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_D%C3%A9fense_2000" title="Tour Défense 2000">Tour Défense 2000</a></td> <td>1974</td> <td>residential</td> <td>134</td> <td>440</td> <td>47</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Descartes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Descartes">Tour Eqho</a> (formerly tour Descartes)</td> <td>1988</td> <td>office</td> <td>130</td> <td>427</td> <td>40</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Les_Poissons" title="Tour Les Poissons">Tour Les Poissons</a></td> <td>1970</td> <td>mixed</td> <td>129.5</td> <td>425</td> <td>42</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_France" title="Tour France">Tour France</a></td> <td>1973</td> <td>residential</td> <td>126</td> <td>413</td> <td>40</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Franklin" title="Tour Franklin">Tour Franklin</a></td> <td>1972</td> <td>office</td> <td>120</td> <td>394</td> <td>33</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Sequoia" title="Tour Sequoia">Tour Sequoia</a> (Bull, Cegetel, SFR)</td> <td>1990</td> <td>office</td> <td>119</td> <td>390</td> <td>33</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_W" title="Tour W">Tour Winterthur</a></td> <td>1973</td> <td>office</td> <td>119</td> <td>390</td> <td>33</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_CGI" title="Tour CGI">Tour CGI</a> (CB16)</td> <td>2003</td> <td>office</td> <td>117</td> <td>384</td> <td>32</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Neptune" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Neptune">Tour Neptune</a></td> <td>1972</td> <td>office</td> <td>113</td> <td>371</td> <td>28</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fecture_des_Hauts-de-Seine" title="Préfecture des Hauts-de-Seine">Préfecture des Hauts-de-Seine</a></td> <td>1974</td> <td>office</td> <td>113</td> <td>371</td> <td>25</td> <td>Nanterre </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a></td> <td>1989</td> <td>monument, office</td> <td>110</td> <td>361</td> <td>37</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Manhattan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Manhattan">Tour Manhattan</a></td> <td>1975</td> <td>office</td> <td>110</td> <td>361</td> <td>32</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Aurore" title="Tour Aurore">Tour Aurore</a></td> <td>1970</td> <td>office</td> <td>110</td> <td>361</td> <td>29</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Eve" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Eve">Tour Eve</a></td> <td>1975</td> <td>mixed</td> <td>109</td> <td>358</td> <td>30</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Initiale" title="Tour Initiale">Tour Initiale</a></td> <td>1967</td> <td>office</td> <td>109</td> <td>358</td> <td>30</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/L%27archipel" title="L'archipel">L'archipel</a></td> <td>2021</td> <td>office</td> <td>106</td> <td>353</td> <td>24</td> <td>Nanterre </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tour Nuage 1, <a href="/wiki/Tours_Aillaud" title="Tours Aillaud">Tours Aillaud</a></td> <td>1976</td> <td>residential</td> <td>105</td> <td>344</td> <td>39</td> <td>Nanterre </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tour Nuage 2, <a href="/wiki/Tours_Aillaud" title="Tours Aillaud">Tours Aillaud</a></td> <td>1976</td> <td>residential</td> <td>105</td> <td>344</td> <td>39</td> <td>Nanterre </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Gambetta" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Gambetta">Tour Gambetta</a></td> <td>1975</td> <td>residential</td> <td>104</td> <td>341</td> <td>37</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_C%C3%A8dre" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Cèdre">Tour Cèdre</a></td> <td>1998</td> <td>office</td> <td>103</td> <td>338</td> <td>26</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Opus_12" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Opus 12">Tour Opus 12</a></td> <td>1973</td> <td>office</td> <td>100</td> <td>328</td> <td>27</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Ath%C3%A9na" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Athéna">Tour Athéna</a></td> <td>1984</td> <td>office</td> <td>100</td> <td>328</td> <td>25</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Europe">Tour Europe</a></td> <td>1969</td> <td>office</td> <td>99</td> <td>325</td> <td>28</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_AIG" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour AIG">Tour AIG</a></td> <td>1967</td> <td>office</td> <td>99</td> <td>325</td> <td>27</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Prisma" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Prisma">Tour Prisma</a> (Tour Kvaerner)</td> <td>1998</td> <td>office</td> <td>97</td> <td>318</td> <td>25</td> <td>Courbevoie </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Atlantique" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Atlantique">Tour Atlantique</a></td> <td>1970</td> <td>office</td> <td>95</td> <td>312</td> <td>27</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Pascal" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Pascal">Tour Pascal</a></td> <td>1983</td> <td>office</td> <td>95</td> <td>312</td> <td>27</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Pacific" title="Tour Pacific">Tour Pacific</a></td> <td>1992</td> <td>office</td> <td>90</td> <td>295</td> <td>25</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Skylight" title="Tour Skylight">Skylight</a></td> <td>2017</td> <td>residential</td> <td>76</td> <td>249</td> <td>19</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rose_de_Cherbourg" title="Rose de Cherbourg">Rose de Cherbourg</a> residence</td> <td>2018</td> <td>housing</td> <td>75</td> <td>246</td> <td>20</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_Eria" title="Tour Eria">Tour Eria</a></td> <td>2021</td> <td>mix</td> <td>59.35</td> <td>195</td> <td>13</td> <td>Puteaux </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Upcoming_highrise_buildings_(2024–2027)"><span id="Upcoming_highrise_buildings_.282024.E2.80.932027.29"></span>Upcoming highrise buildings (2024–2027)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Upcoming highrise buildings (2024–2027)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="border:#999; background:light gray;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Name</b></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Use</b></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Height</b></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Levels</b></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Municipality</b></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Status </b></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"><span style="color:#111;"><b>Estimated Year of Completion</b></span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"> <td style="width:50px;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>metres</b></span></td> <td style="text-align:center; width:50px;"><span style="color:#111;"><b>feet</b></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Link_(skyscraper)" title="The Link (skyscraper)">The Link</a></td> <td>office</td> <td style="text-align:center;">244</td> <td style="text-align:center;">801</td> <td style="text-align:center;">52</td> <td style="text-align:center;">Puteaux</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>under construction</i></td> <td style="text-align:center;">2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tours_Sisters" title="Tours Sisters">Tour Sister 1</a></td> <td>office</td> <td style="text-align:center;">229</td> <td style="text-align:center;">718</td> <td style="text-align:center;">55</td> <td style="text-align:center;">Courbevoie</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>approved</i></td> <td style="text-align:center;">2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tour_des_Jardins_de_l%27Arche" title="Tour des Jardins de l'Arche">Tour des Jardins de l'Arche</a></td> <td>office & hotel</td> <td style="text-align:center;">210</td> <td style="text-align:center;">656</td> <td style="text-align:center;">54</td> <td style="text-align:center;">Nanterre</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>approved</i></td> <td style="text-align:center;">2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tours_Odyssey" title="Tours Odyssey">Tour C/ (Odyssey)</a></td> <td>office</td> <td style="text-align:center;">187</td> <td style="text-align:center;">613</td> <td style="text-align:center;">42</td> <td style="text-align:center;">Courbevoie</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>approved</i></td> <td style="text-align:center;">2026 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tours_Odyssey" title="Tours Odyssey">Tour O/ (Odyssey)</a></td> <td>mix</td> <td style="text-align:center;">174</td> <td style="text-align:center;">570</td> <td style="text-align:center;">33</td> <td style="text-align:center;">Courbevoie</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>approved</i></td> <td style="text-align:center;">2026 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tours_Sisters" title="Tours Sisters">Tours Sister 2</a></td> <td>office</td> <td style="text-align:center;">131</td> <td style="text-align:center;">396</td> <td style="text-align:center;">26</td> <td style="text-align:center;">Courbevoie</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>approved</i></td> <td style="text-align:center;">2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tours_Odyssey" title="Tours Odyssey">Tour D/ (Odyssey)</a></td> <td>mix</td> <td style="text-align:center;">101</td> <td style="text-align:center;">331</td> <td style="text-align:center;">?</td> <td style="text-align:center;">Courbevoie</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><i>approved</i></td> <td style="text-align:center;">2026 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canceled_projects">Canceled projects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Canceled projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Sans_Fins" title="Tour Sans Fins">Tour Sans Fins</a> (1989): 425 m (1,394 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Plaza" title="Hermitage Plaza">Hermitage Plaza</a> (2022): 323 m (1,060 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Generali" title="Tour Generali">Tour Generali</a> (2011): 319 m (1,047 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Signal" title="Tour Signal">Tour Signal</a> (2009): 301 m (988 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Phare" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Phare">Tour Phare</a> (2018): 296 m (971 ft)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output 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.reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Key_figures-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Key_figures_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parisladefense.com/en/territory-strategy/key-figures">"Key figures"</a>. <i>ParisLaDefense.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ParisLaDefense.com&rft.atitle=Key+figures&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fparisladefense.com%2Fen%2Fterritory-strategy%2Fkey-figures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALa+D%C3%A9fense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VilleCourbevoie-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VilleCourbevoie_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VilleCourbevoie_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VilleCourbevoie_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ville-courbevoie.fr/1469/la-defense-le-1er-quartier-d-affaire-europeen.htm">"La Défense, Tout sur ce quartier d'exception"</a>. Ville de Courbevoie<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+D%C3%A9fense%2C+Tout+sur+ce+quartier+d%27exception&rft.pub=Ville+de+Courbevoie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ville-courbevoie.fr%2F1469%2Fla-defense-le-1er-quartier-d-affaire-europeen.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALa+D%C3%A9fense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ParisDigest-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ParisDigest_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parisdigest.com/business/ladefense.htm">"La Défense near Paris. Shopping. Map"</a>. Paris Digest. 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+D%C3%A9fense+near+Paris.+Shopping.+Map.&rft.pub=Paris+Digest&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parisdigest.com%2Fbusiness%2Fladefense.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALa+D%C3%A9fense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parisladefense.com/en/discover/towers/paris-la-defense-arena">"Paris La Défense Arena, Europe's largest indoor arena"</a>. 2 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paris+La+D%C3%A9fense+Arena%2C+Europe%27s+largest+indoor+arena&rft.date=2019-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fparisladefense.com%2Fen%2Fdiscover%2Ftowers%2Fparis-la-defense-arena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALa+D%C3%A9fense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFallonAnnabel_Hart2006" class="citation book cs1">Fallon, Steve; Annabel Hart (2006). <i>Paris</i>. Footscray, Victoria: Lonely Planet. p. 155. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-74059-849-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-74059-849-0"><bdi>1-74059-849-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paris&rft.place=Footscray%2C+Victoria&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-74059-849-0&rft.aulast=Fallon&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.au=Annabel+Hart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALa+D%C3%A9fense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Open-air_museum-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Open-air_museum_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Open-air_museum_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ladefense.fr/fr/kiosque/guide-oeuvres-en">La Défense > Artworks: Guide 2013</a></i>. Leaflet published by Defacto, Établissement public de gestion du quartier d'affaires de la Défense.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ratp.fr/en/travaux-ete-rer/portrait-rer">"Portrait of the RER A"</a>. RATP<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portrait+of+the+RER+A&rft.pub=RATP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ratp.fr%2Fen%2Ftravaux-ete-rer%2Fportrait-rer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALa+D%C3%A9fense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfi.fr/francefr/articles/105/article_72229.asp">"La Défense : 50 ans d'histoire"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170119074805/http://www.rfi.fr/francefr/articles/105/article_72229.asp">Archived</a> 19 January 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 9 November 2008, Danielle Birck <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/ia-institut-s-apprete-a-devenir-un-pole-d-enseignement-de-reference-autour-des-datas-et-de-l-ia.N2188493">IA Institut s’apprête à devenir un pôle d’enseignement de référence autour des datas et de l’IA</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-le-ministere-des-armees-recrute-des-profils-cyber-a-l-epita-91780.html">Le ministère des Armées recrute des profils cyber à l'Epita</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parisladefense.com/fr/download/kiosque/Guides_thematiques/etudier_a_paris_la_defense/etudier_a_paris_la_defense/assets/common/downloads/files/etudier_a_paris_la_defense.pdf">ÉTUDIER</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ladefense.fr/en/oeuvres-d-art/la-defonce">"La Défonce | Defacto – Quartier d'affaires de la Defense"</a>. <i>Ladefense.fr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ladefense.fr&rft.atitle=La+D%C3%A9fonce+%26%23124%3B+Defacto+%E2%80%93+Quartier+d%27affaires+de+la+Defense&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ladefense.fr%2Fen%2Foeuvres-d-art%2Fla-defonce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALa+D%C3%A9fense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160311172128/http://www.ladefense.fr/en/une-oeuvre-geante-de-guillaume-bottazzi-la-defense">"Une oeuvre géante de Guillaume Bottazzi à La Défense | Defacto – Quartier d'affaires de la Defense"</a>. <i>Ladefense.fr</i>. 30 September 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ladefense.fr/en/une-oeuvre-geante-de-guillaume-bottazzi-la-defense">the original</a> on 11 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ladefense.fr&rft.atitle=Une+oeuvre+g%C3%A9ante+de+Guillaume+Bottazzi+%C3%A0+La+D%C3%A9fense+%26%23124%3B+Defacto+%E2%80%93+Quartier+d%27affaires+de+la+Defense&rft.date=2014-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ladefense.fr%2Fen%2Fune-oeuvre-geante-de-guillaume-bottazzi-la-defense&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALa+D%C3%A9fense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Schaugg, Johannes: High-Rise Buildings – La Défense, Books on Demand 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8391-4523-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8391-4523-4">978-3-8391-4523-4</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_D%C3%A9fense&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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title="commons:La Défense"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">La Défense</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Paris/La_D%C3%A9fense#Q987729" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Paris/La Défense">La Défense</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.com/?ie=UTF8&ll=48.89085,2.241468&spn=0.015124,0.039911&t=h&om=1">Satellite image from Google Maps</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140404055609/http://www.parisattractions.org/landmarks/la-defense">La Défense de Paris</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ladefense.fr">Site officiel de l'EPAD (Établissement Public pour l'Aménagement de la Défense)</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101130222758/http://www.connecting-paris.com/ladefense/en">Connecting-Paris, web site created by the Chamber of commerce and industry of Paris to help companies setting up in La Defense</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.expatriatesmagazine.com">Expatriates Magazine</a>, A printed publication distributed within various corporations situated in La Defense helping international employees integrate within the workplace and city <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eras.free.fr/html/ld.html">Les bâtiments de la Défense</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.structurae.de/geo/geoid/index.cfm?id=90">Structurae: Structural engineering and architecture guide to Paris-La Défense</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=La_D%C3%A9fense&params=48_53_30_N_2_14_27_E_region:FR_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°53′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°14′27″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.89167°N 2.24083°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.89167; 2.24083</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="La_Défense" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:La_D%C3%A9fense" title="Template:La Défense"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:La_D%C3%A9fense" title="Template talk:La Défense"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:La_D%C3%A9fense" title="Special:EditPage/Template:La Défense"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="La_Défense" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">La Défense</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skyscrapers<br />and complexes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Adria" title="Tour Adria">Tour Adria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tours_Aillaud" title="Tours Aillaud">Tours Aillaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Areva" title="Tour Areva">Tour Areva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Ariane" title="Tour Ariane">Tour Ariane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Ath%C3%A9na" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Athéna">Tour Athéna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Atlantique" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Atlantique">Tour Atlantique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Aurore" title="Tour Aurore">Tour Aurore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Carpe_Diem" title="Tour Carpe Diem">Tour Carpe Diem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_CB21" title="Tour CB21">Tour CB21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_CBX" title="Tour CBX">Tour CBX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_C%C3%A8dre" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Cèdre">Tour Cèdre</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_C%C3%A8dre" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Cèdre">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Blanche" title="Tour Blanche">Tour Blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_D2" title="Tour D2">Tour D2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C5%93ur_D%C3%A9fense" title="Cœur Défense">Cœur Défense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_D%C3%A9fense_2000" title="Tour Défense 2000">Tour Défense 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_EDF" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour EDF">Tour EDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_%C3%89g%C3%A9e" title="Tour Égée">Tour Égée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Eqho" title="Tour Eqho">Tour Eqho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Europe">Tour Europe</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_Europe" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Europe">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Europlaza" title="Tour Europlaza">Tour Europlaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_%C3%88ve" title="Tour Ève">Tour Ève</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_First" title="Tour First">Tour First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_France" title="Tour France">Tour France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Franklin" title="Tour Franklin">Tour Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Gambetta" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Gambetta">Tour Gambetta</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_Gambetta" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Gambetta">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Prisma" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Prisma">Tour Prisma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Granite" title="Tour Granite">Tour Granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Initiale" title="Tour Initiale">Tour Initiale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Les_Poissons" title="Tour Les Poissons">Tour Les Poissons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Majunga" title="Tour Majunga">Tour Majunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Manhattan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Manhattan">Tour Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Neptune" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Neptune">Tour Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_12_Tower" title="Opus 12 Tower">Opus 12 Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Pascal" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Pascal">Tour Pascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fecture_des_Hauts-de-Seine" title="Préfecture des Hauts-de-Seine">Préfecture des Hauts-de-Seine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Sequoia" title="Tour Sequoia">Tour Sequoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tours_Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale" title="Tours Société Générale">Tours Société Générale</a> (Alicante and Chassagne)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_T1" title="Tour T1">Tour T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Total" title="Tour Total">Tour Total</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esso_Tower" title="Esso Tower">Esso Tower</a> (demolished)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_W" title="Tour W">Tour W</a> </li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Planned" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Generali" title="Tour Generali">Tour Generali</a> (cancelled)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Plaza" title="Hermitage Plaza">Hermitage Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phare_Tower" title="Phare Tower">Phare Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Signal" title="Tour Signal">Tour Signal</a> (cancelled)</li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_of_New_Industries_and_Technologies" title="Centre of New Industries and Technologies">Centre of New Industries and Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESSEC_Business_School" title="ESSEC Business School">ESSEC Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvis_de_la_D%C3%A9fense" title="Parvis de la Défense">Parvis de la Défense</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense_de_Paris" title="La Défense de Paris">La Défense de Paris</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esplanade_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Esplanade de La Défense (Paris Métro)">Esplanade de La Défense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense_station" title="La Défense station">La Défense – Grande Arche (Gare de La Défense)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tourism_in_Paris" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Template:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Template talk:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tourism_in_Paris" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Paris" title="Tourism in Paris">Tourism in Paris</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landmarks_in_Paris" title="Landmarks in Paris">Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe_du_Carrousel" title="Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel">Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A8nes_de_Lut%C3%A8ce" title="Arènes de Lutèce">Arènes de Lutèce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Brongniart" title="Palais Brongniart">Bourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_Paris" title="Catacombs of Paris">Catacombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conciergerie" title="Conciergerie">Conciergerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Austerlitz" title="Gare d'Austerlitz">Gare d'Austerlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_l%27Est" title="Gare de l'Est">Gare de l'Est</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Lyon" title="Gare de Lyon">Gare de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_du_Nord" title="Gare du Nord">Gare du Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_Montparnasse" title="Gare Montparnasse">Gare Montparnasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_Saint-Lazare" title="Gare Saint-Lazare">Gare Saint-Lazare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petit_Palais" title="Petit Palais">Petit Palais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_de_France" title="Institut de France">Institut de France</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Arc_(Fr%C3%A9miet)" title="Jeanne d'Arc (Frémiet)">Jeanne d'Arc</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">Louvre Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxor_Obelisks" title="Luxor Obelisks">Luxor Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Od%C3%A9on-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_l%27Europe" title="Odéon-Théâtre de l'Europe">Odéon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_Bastille" title="Opéra Bastille">Opéra Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Garnier" title="Palais Garnier">Opéra Garnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panth%C3%A9on" title="Panthéon">Panthéon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philharmonie_de_Paris" title="Philharmonie de Paris">Philharmonie de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Diana" title="Place Diana">Place Diana</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Flame_of_Liberty" title="Flame of Liberty">Flame of Liberty</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_Saint-Denis" title="Porte Saint-Denis">Porte Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_Saint-Martin" title="Porte Saint-Martin">Porte Saint-Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_(building)" title="Sorbonne (building)">Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Montparnasse" title="Tour Montparnasse">Tour Montparnasse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Museums_in_Paris" title="Museums in Paris">Museums</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Paris" title="List of museums in Paris">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Museum_(Paris)" title="Army Museum (Paris)">Army Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Carnavalet" title="Musée Carnavalet">Carnavalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Pompidou" title="Centre Pompidou">Centre Pompidou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_des_Sciences_et_de_l%27Industrie" title="Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie">Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_nationale_du_Jeu_de_Paume" class="mw-redirect" title="Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume">Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Vuitton_Foundation" title="Louis Vuitton Foundation">Louis Vuitton Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_d%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée des Arts décoratifs, Paris">Musée des Arts décoratifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers" title="Musée des Arts et Métiers">Musée des Arts et Métiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_et_d%27Histoire_du_Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme">Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_Moderne_de_Paris" title="Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris">Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_Balzac" title="Maison de Balzac">Maison de Balzac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Bourdelle" title="Musée Bourdelle">Musée Bourdelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Cin%C3%A9math%C3%A8que" title="Musée de la Cinémathèque">Musée de la Cinémathèque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Cognacq-Jay" title="Musée Cognacq-Jay">Musée Cognacq-Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Gr%C3%A9vin" title="Musée Grévin">Musée Grévin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimet_Museum" title="Guimet Museum">Musée Guimet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_Victor_Hugo" title="Maison de Victor Hugo">Maison de Victor Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Jacquemart-Andr%C3%A9" title="Musée Jacquemart-André">Musée Jacquemart-André</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Marmottan_Monet" title="Musée Marmottan Monet">Musée Marmottan Monet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Montmartre" title="Musée de Montmartre">Musée de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_National_d%27Art_Moderne" title="Musée National d'Art Moderne">Musée National d'Art Moderne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Musée national Eugène Delacroix">Musée national Eugène Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Gustave_Moreau" title="Musée national Gustave Moreau">Musée national Gustave Moreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_des_Monuments_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Musée national des Monuments Français">Musée national des Monuments Français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History,_France" title="National Museum of Natural History, France">Muséum national d'histoire naturelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Cluny" title="Musée de Cluny">Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">Musée de l'Orangerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Pasteur" title="Musée Pasteur">Musée Pasteur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Picasso" title="Musée Picasso">Musée Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac" title="Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac">Musée du Quai Branly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Musée Rodin">Musée Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27Honneur" title="Palais de la Légion d'Honneur">Palais de la Légion d'Honneur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" title="Musée de la Légion d'honneur">Musée de la Légion d'honneur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Vie_romantique" title="Musée de la Vie romantique">Musée de la Vie romantique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_buildings_in_Paris" title="List of religious buildings in Paris">Religious buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral,_Paris" title="Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Paris">Alexander Nevsky Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Cathedral_in_Paris" title="American Cathedral in Paris">American Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Church_in_Paris" title="American Church in Paris">American Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Cathedral_of_St._John_the_Baptist" title="Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist">Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapelle_expiatoire" title="Chapelle expiatoire">Chapelle expiatoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Paris" title="Grand Mosque of Paris">Grand Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Synagogue_of_Paris" title="Grand Synagogue of Paris">Grand Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_de_Nazareth" title="Synagogue de Nazareth">Synagogue de Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Madeleine,_Paris" title="La Madeleine, Paris">La Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris" title="Notre-Dame de Paris">Notre-Dame de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle" title="Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle">Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Lorette,_Paris" title="Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, Paris">Notre-Dame-de-Lorette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-des-Victoires,_Paris" title="Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, Paris">Notre-Dame-des-Victoires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacr%C3%A9-C%C5%93ur,_Paris" title="Sacré-Cœur, Paris">Sacré-Cœur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Ambroise,_Paris" title="Saint-Ambroise, Paris">Saint Ambroise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Augustin,_Paris" title="Saint-Augustin, Paris">Saint-Augustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-%C3%89tienne-du-Mont" title="Saint-Étienne-du-Mont">Saint-Étienne-du-Mont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Eustache,_Paris" title="Saint-Eustache, Paris">Saint-Eustache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier,_Paris" title="Saint-François-Xavier, Paris">Saint-François-Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Pr%C3%A9s_(abbey)" title="Saint-Germain-des-Prés (abbey)">Saint-Germain-des-Prés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain_l%27Auxerrois" title="Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois">Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais" title="Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais">Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Saint-Jacques" title="Tour Saint-Jacques">Tour Saint-Jacques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Jean_de_Montmartre" title="Saint-Jean de Montmartre">Saint-Jean de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis" title="Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis">Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Pierre_de_Montmartre" title="Saint-Pierre de Montmartre">Saint-Pierre de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Roch,_Paris" title="Saint-Roch, Paris">Saint-Roch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Sulpice,_Paris" title="Saint-Sulpice, Paris">Saint-Sulpice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Vincent-de-Paul,_Paris" title="Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris">Saint-Vincent-de-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Chapelle" title="Sainte-Chapelle">Sainte-Chapelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Clotilde,_Paris" title="Sainte-Clotilde, Paris">Sainte-Clotilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Trinit%C3%A9,_Paris" title="Sainte-Trinité, Paris">Sainte-Trinité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_du_Marais" title="Temple du Marais">Temple du Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val-de-Gr%C3%A2ce_(church)" title="Val-de-Grâce (church)">Val-de-Grâce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hôtels particuliers<br />and palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e_Palace" title="Élysée Palace">Élysée Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Beauvais" title="Hôtel de Beauvais">Hôtel de Beauvais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Charost" title="Hôtel de Charost">Hôtel de Charost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Crillon" title="Hôtel de Crillon">Hôtel de Crillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_d%27Estr%C3%A9es" title="Hôtel d'Estrées">Hôtel d'Estrées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_la_Pa%C3%AFva" title="Hôtel de la Païva">Hôtel de la Païva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Pontalba" title="Hôtel de Pontalba">Hôtel de Pontalba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Sens" title="Hôtel de Sens">Hôtel de Sens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Soubise" title="Hôtel de Soubise">Hôtel de Soubise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Sully" title="Hôtel de Sully">Hôtel de Sully</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Ville,_Paris" title="Hôtel de Ville, Paris">Hôtel de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Lambert" title="Hôtel Lambert">Hôtel Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Matignon" title="Hôtel Matignon">Hôtel Matignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Palace" title="Luxembourg Palace">Luxembourg Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Luxembourg" title="Petit Luxembourg">Petit Luxembourg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Bourbon" title="Palais Bourbon">Palais Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_Justice,_Paris" title="Palais de Justice, Paris">Palais de Justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_Cit%C3%A9" title="Palais de la Cité">Palais de la Cité</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais-Royal" title="Palais-Royal">Palais-Royal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges, streets,<br />areas, squares<br />and waterways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra" title="Avenue de l'Opéra">Avenue de l'Opéra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Foch" title="Avenue Foch">Avenue Foch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_George_V" title="Avenue George V">Avenue George V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_la_Madeleine" title="Boulevard de la Madeleine">Boulevard de la Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_S%C3%A9bastopol" title="Boulevard de Sébastopol">Boulevard de Sébastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_de_l%27Ourcq" title="Canal de l'Ourcq">Canal de l'Ourcq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Saint-Martin" title="Canal Saint-Martin">Canal Saint-Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_de_Mars" title="Champ de Mars">Champ de Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covered_passages_of_Paris" title="Covered passages of Paris">Covered passages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_V%C3%A9ro-Dodat" title="Galerie Véro-Dodat">Galerie Véro-Dodat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Choiseul" title="Passage Choiseul">Choiseul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_des_Panoramas" title="Passage des Panoramas">Panoramas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_Vivienne" title="Galerie Vivienne">Galerie Vivienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_du_Havre" title="Passage du Havre">Havre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Jouffroy" title="Passage Jouffroy">Jouffroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Brady" title="Passage Brady">Brady</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Quarter,_Paris" title="Latin Quarter, Paris">Latin Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marais" title="The Marais">Le Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre" title="Montmartre">Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montparnasse" title="Montparnasse">Montparnasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Diana" title="Place Diana">Place Diana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Dauphine" title="Place Dauphine">Place Dauphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Bastille" title="Place de la Bastille">Place de la Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Concorde" title="Place de la Concorde">Place de la Concorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Nation" title="Place de la Nation">Place de la Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_R%C3%A9publique" title="Place de la République">Place de la République</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_%C3%89meutes-de-Stonewall" title="Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall">Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Place des États-Unis">Place des États-Unis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Pyramides" title="Place des Pyramides">Place des Pyramides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Victoires" title="Place des Victoires">Place des Victoires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Vosges" title="Place des Vosges">Place des Vosges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Carrousel" title="Place du Carrousel">Place du Carrousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Ch%C3%A2telet" title="Place du Châtelet">Place du Châtelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Tertre" title="Place du Tertre">Place du Tertre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Saint-Michel" title="Place Saint-Michel">Place Saint-Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me" title="Place Vendôme">Place Vendôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Alexandre_III" title="Pont Alexandre III">Pont Alexandre III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_d%27I%C3%A9na" title="Pont d'Iéna">Pont d'Iéna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_de_Bir-Hakeim" title="Pont de Bir-Hakeim">Pont de Bir-Hakeim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_des_Arts" title="Pont des Arts">Pont des Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Neuf" title="Pont Neuf">Pont Neuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_du_Louvre" title="Port du Louvre">Port du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rive_Gauche" title="Rive Gauche">Rive Gauche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Basse" title="Rue Basse">Rue Basse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Bonaparte" title="Rue Bonaparte">Rue Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Charlemagne" title="Rue Charlemagne">Rue Charlemagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_d%27Argenteuil" title="Rue d'Argenteuil">Rue d'Argenteuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Ferronnerie" title="Rue de la Ferronnerie">Rue de la Ferronnerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Paix,_Paris" title="Rue de la Paix, Paris">Rue de la Paix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Sourdi%C3%A8re" title="Rue de la Sourdière">Rue de la Sourdière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Montmorency" title="Rue de Montmorency">Rue de Montmorency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Richelieu" title="Rue de Richelieu">Rue de Richelieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Rivoli" title="Rue de Rivoli">Rue de Rivoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Vaugirard" title="Rue de Vaugirard">Rue de Vaugirard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Francs-Bourgeois" title="Rue des Francs-Bourgeois">Rue des Francs-Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Lombards" title="Rue des Lombards">Rue des Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9" title="Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré">Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Elz%C3%A9vir" title="Rue Elzévir">Rue Elzévir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Foyatier" title="Rue Foyatier">Rue Foyatier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Moli%C3%A8re" title="Rue Molière">Rue Molière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Montorgueil" title="Rue Montorgueil">Rue Montorgueil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Radziwill" title="Rue Radziwill">Rue Radziwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Rambuteau" title="Rue Rambuteau">Rue Rambuteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Mond%C3%A9tour" title="Rue Mondétour">Rue Mondétour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Pastourelle" title="Rue Pastourelle">Rue Pastourelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Rosiers" title="Rue des Rosiers">Rue des Rosiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Honor%C3%A9" title="Rue Saint-Honoré">Rue Saint-Honoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Denis_(Paris)" title="Rue Saint-Denis (Paris)">Rue Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Sainte-Anne" title="Rue Sainte-Anne">Rue Sainte-Anne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Pr%C3%A9s" title="Saint-Germain-des-Prés">Saint-Germain-des-Prés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trocad%C3%A9ro,_Paris" title="Trocadéro, Paris">Trocadéro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaduc_d%27Austerlitz" title="Viaduc d'Austerlitz">Viaduc d'Austerlitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_parks_and_gardens_of_Paris" title="History of parks and gardens of Paris">Parks and gardens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Boulogne" title="Bois de Boulogne">Bois de Boulogne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jardin_d%27Acclimatation" title="Jardin d'Acclimatation">Jardin d'Acclimatation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Vincennes" title="Bois de Vincennes">Bois de Vincennes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parc_floral_de_Paris" title="Parc floral de Paris">Parc floral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jardin_du_Luxembourg" title="Jardin du Luxembourg">Jardin du Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Andr%C3%A9-Citro%C3%ABn" title="Parc André-Citroën">Parc André-Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Clichy-Batignolles_%E2%80%93_Martin_Luther_King" title="Parc Clichy-Batignolles – Martin Luther King">Parc Clichy-Batignolles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Belleville" title="Parc de Belleville">Parc de Belleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Bercy" title="Parc de Bercy">Parc de Bercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_la_Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge" title="Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge">Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Buttes_Chaumont" title="Parc des Buttes Chaumont">Parc des Buttes Chaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Georges-Brassens" title="Parc Georges-Brassens">Parc Georges-Brassens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Monceau" title="Parc Monceau">Parc Monceau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Montsouris" title="Parc Montsouris">Parc Montsouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Garden" title="Tuileries Garden">Tuileries Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coul%C3%A9e_verte_Ren%C3%A9-Dumont" title="Coulée verte René-Dumont">Coulée verte René-Dumont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accor_Arena" title="Accor Arena">Accor Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteuil_Hippodrome" title="Auteuil Hippodrome">Auteuil Hippodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halle_Georges_Carpentier" title="Halle Georges Carpentier">Halle Georges Carpentier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longchamp_Racecourse" title="Longchamp Racecourse">Longchamp Hippodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Princes" title="Parc des Princes">Parc des Princes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscine_Molitor" title="Piscine Molitor">Piscine Molitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_de_La_Chapelle_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Porte de La Chapelle Arena">Porte de La Chapelle Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Jean-Bouin_(Paris)" title="Stade Jean-Bouin (Paris)">Stade Jean Bouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Pershing" title="Stade Pershing">Stade Pershing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Pierre_de_Coubertin_(Paris)" title="Stade Pierre de Coubertin (Paris)">Stade Pierre de Coubertin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Roland_Garros" title="Stade Roland Garros">Stade Roland Garros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_S%C3%A9bastien_Charl%C3%A9ty" title="Stade Sébastien Charléty">Stade Sébastien Charléty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Vélodrome de Vincennes">Vélodrome de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Hippodrome de Vincennes">Vincennes Hippodrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cemeteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre_Cemetery" title="Montmartre Cemetery">Montmartre Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montparnasse_Cemetery" title="Montparnasse Cemetery">Montparnasse Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passy_Cemetery" title="Passy Cemetery">Passy Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise Cemetery</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde%27s_tomb" title="Oscar Wilde's tomb">Oscar Wilde's tomb</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picpus_Cemetery" title="Picpus Cemetery">Picpus Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Région parisienne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint-Denis" title="Basilica of Saint-Denis">Basilica of Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27%C3%89couen" title="Château d'Écouen">Château d'Écouen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Chantilly" title="Château de Chantilly">Château de Chantilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Château de Fontainebleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Malmaison" title="Château de Malmaison">Château de Malmaison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillet" title="Château de Rambouillet">Château de Rambouillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Sceaux" title="Château de Sceaux">Château de Sceaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Château</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Versailles" title="Gardens of Versailles">Gardens of Versailles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grand_Trianon" title="Grand Trianon">Grand Trianon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petit_Trianon" title="Petit Trianon">Petit Trianon</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Fresh_pavilion" title="Fresh pavilion">Fresh pavilion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Vincennes" title="Château de Vincennes">Château de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">La Défense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_La_D%C3%A9fense_Arena" title="Paris La Défense Arena">Paris La Défense Arena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Disneyland Paris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Park_(Paris)" title="Disneyland Park (Paris)">Disneyland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_Park" title="Walt Disney Studios Park">Walt Disney Studios Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorad%C3%B4me" title="Exploradôme">Exploradôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Mont-Val%C3%A9rien" title="Fort Mont-Valérien">Fort Mont-Valérien</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9morial_de_la_France_combattante" title="Mémorial de la France combattante">Mémorial de la France combattante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suresnes_American_Cemetery_and_Memorial" title="Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial">Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Miniature" title="France Miniature">France Miniature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27air_et_de_l%27espace" title="Musée de l'air et de l'espace">Musée de l'air et de l'espace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Fragonard_d%27Alfort" title="Musée Fragonard d'Alfort">Musée Fragonard d'Alfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Ast%C3%A9rix" title="Parc Astérix">Parc Astérix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Saint-Cloud" title="Parc de Saint-Cloud">Parc de Saint-Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provins" title="Provins">Provins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Roche-Guyon" title="La Roche-Guyon">La Roche-Guyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres_%E2%80%93_Cit%C3%A9_de_la_c%C3%A9ramique" title="Sèvres – Cité de la céramique">Sèvres – Cité de la céramique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_de_France" title="Stade de France">Stade de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaux-le-Vicomte" title="Vaux-le-Vicomte">Vaux-le-Vicomte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Paris" title="Culture of Paris">Culture and events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day_military_parade" title="Bastille Day military parade">Bastille Day military parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AEner_en_Blanc" title="Dîner en Blanc">Dîner en Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%AAte_de_la_Musique" title="Fête de la Musique">Fête de la Musique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuit_Blanche" title="Nuit Blanche">Nuit Blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Air_Show" title="Paris Air Show">Paris Air Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week" title="Paris Fashion Week">Paris Fashion Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-Plages" title="Paris-Plages">Paris-Plages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Guard_(France)" title="Republican Guard (France)">Republican Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidays" title="Solidays">Solidays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axe_historique" title="Axe historique">Axe historique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bateau-Lavoir" title="Bateau-Lavoir">Bateau-Lavoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bateaux_Mouches" title="Bateaux Mouches">Bateaux Mouches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_des_2_Moulins" title="Café des 2 Moulins">Café des 2 Moulins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Procope" title="Café Procope">Café Procope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folies_Berg%C3%A8re" title="Folies Bergère">Folies Bergère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountains_in_Paris" title="Fountains in Paris">Fountains in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Ruche_(residence)" title="La Ruche (residence)">La Ruche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Deux_Magots" title="Les Deux Magots">Les Deux Magots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim%27s" title="Maxim's">Maxim's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_de_la_Galette" title="Moulin de la Galette">Moulin de la Galette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge">Moulin Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_entrances_by_Hector_Guimard" title="Paris Métro entrances by Hector Guimard">entrances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre_Funicular" title="Montmartre Funicular">Montmartre Funicular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Mus%C3%A9es" title="Paris Musées">Paris Musées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_syndrome" title="Paris syndrome">Paris syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Zoological_Park" title="Paris Zoological Park">Paris Zoological Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Inverted_Pyramid" title="Louvre Inverted Pyramid">Pyramide inversée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage Centre">World Heritage Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Paris" title="List of tourist attractions in Paris">List of tourist attractions in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_in_Paris" title="Art in Paris">Art in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_syndrome" title="Paris syndrome">Paris syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Courbevoie" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Courbevoie" title="Template:Courbevoie"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Courbevoie" title="Template talk:Courbevoie"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Courbevoie" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Courbevoie"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Courbevoie" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Courbevoie" title="Courbevoie">Courbevoie</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">La Défense</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9con-les-Bruy%C3%A8res" class="extiw" title="fr:Bécon-les-Bruyères">fr:Bécon-les-Bruyères</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Charras" title="Centre Charras">Centre Charras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary and secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Paul_Lapie_de_Courbevoie" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycée Paul Lapie de Courbevoie">Lycée Paul Lapie de Courbevoie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_Paul_Painlev%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée Paul Painlevé (page does not exist)">Lycée Paul Painlevé</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groupe_scolaire_Montalembert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Groupe scolaire Montalembert (page does not exist)">Groupe scolaire Montalembert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_Lucie_Aubrac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée Lucie Aubrac (page does not exist)">Lycée Lucie Aubrac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Adria" title="Tour Adria">Tour Adria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Areva" title="Tour Areva">Tour Areva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Aurore" title="Tour Aurore">Tour Aurore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Carpe_Diem" title="Tour Carpe Diem">Tour Carpe Diem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_CB21" title="Tour CB21">Tour CB21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_CBX" title="Tour CBX">Tour CBX</a></li> <li>Tour Cèdre (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_C%C3%A8dre" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Cèdre">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Blanche" title="Tour Blanche">Tour Blanche</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_Chartis" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Chartis">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C5%93ur_D%C3%A9fense" title="Cœur Défense">Cœur Défense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_D2" title="Tour D2">Tour D2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_%C3%89g%C3%A9e" title="Tour Égée">Tour Égée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Eqho" title="Tour Eqho">Tour Eqho</a></li> <li>Tour Europe (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_Europe" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Europe">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Europlaza" title="Tour Europlaza">Tour Europlaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_First" title="Tour First">Tour First</a></li> <li>Tour Gambetta (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_Gambetta" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Gambetta">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Prisma" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Prisma">Tour Prisma</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_GAN_Eurocourtage" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour GAN Eurocourtage">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Les_Poissons" title="Tour Les Poissons">Tour Les Poissons</a></li> <li>Tour Manhattan (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_Manhattan" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Manhattan">FR</a>)</li> <li>Tour Neptune (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_Neptune" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour Neptune">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_T1" title="Tour T1">Tour T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Total" title="Tour Total">Tour Total</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esso_Tower" title="Esso Tower">Esso Tower</a> (demolished) </li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Planned" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Generali" title="Tour Generali">Tour Generali</a> (cancelled)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Plaza" title="Hermitage Plaza">Hermitage Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phare_Tower" title="Phare Tower">Phare Tower</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esplanade_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_station" title="Esplanade de La Défense station">Esplanade de La Défense</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transilien" title="Transilien">Transilien</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Courbevoie_station" title="Courbevoie station">Courbevoie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9con-les-Bruy%C3%A8res_station" title="Bécon-les-Bruyères station">Bécon-les-Bruyères</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nanterre" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nanterre" title="Template:Nanterre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nanterre" title="Template talk:Nanterre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nanterre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nanterre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nanterre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nanterre" title="Nanterre">Nanterre</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">La Défense</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quartier_du_Mont-Val%C3%A9rien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quartier du Mont-Valérien (page does not exist)">Quartier du Mont-Valérien</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartier_du_Mont-Val%C3%A9rien" class="extiw" title="fr:Quartier du Mont-Valérien">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quartier_du_Parc_Nord_(Nanterre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quartier du Parc Nord (Nanterre) (page does not exist)">Quartier du Parc Nord</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartier_du_Parc_Nord_(Nanterre)" class="extiw" title="fr:Quartier du Parc Nord (Nanterre)">FR</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary and secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_Joliot-Curie_de_Nanterre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée Joliot-Curie de Nanterre (page does not exist)">Lycée Joliot-Curie de Nanterre</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_professionnel_Louise-Michel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée professionnel Louise-Michel (page does not exist)">Lycée professionnel Louise-Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_professionnel_Paul-Langevin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée professionnel Paul-Langevin (page does not exist)">Lycée professionnel Paul-Langevin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyc%C3%A9e_professionnel_Claude-Chappe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycée professionnel Claude-Chappe (page does not exist)">Lycée professionnel Claude-Chappe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges and universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_West_University_Nanterre_La_D%C3%A9fense" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris West University Nanterre La Défense">Paris West University Nanterre La Défense</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L%27archipel" title="L'archipel">L'archipel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tours_Aillaud" title="Tours Aillaud">Tours Aillaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Granite" title="Tour Granite">Tour Granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fecture_des_Hauts-de-Seine" title="Préfecture des Hauts-de-Seine">Préfecture des Hauts-de-Seine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tours_Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale" title="Tours Société Générale">Tours Société Générale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanterre_Cathedral" title="Nanterre Cathedral">Nanterre Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_des_Sports_Maurice_Thorez" title="Palais des Sports Maurice Thorez">Palais des Sports Maurice Thorez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_La_D%C3%A9fense_Arena" title="Paris La Défense Arena">Paris La Défense Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Nanterre-Amandiers" title="Théâtre Nanterre-Amandiers">Théâtre Nanterre-Amandiers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_d%27accueil_et_de_soins_hospitaliers_de_Nanterre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre d'accueil et de soins hospitaliers de Nanterre (page does not exist)">Centre d'accueil et de soins hospitaliers de Nanterre</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_d%27accueil_et_de_soins_hospitaliers_de_Nanterre" class="extiw" title="fr:Centre d'accueil et de soins hospitaliers de Nanterre">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maison_Ren%C3%A9_Ginouv%C3%A8s_d%27arch%C3%A9ologie_et_d%27ethnologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maison René Ginouvès d'archéologie et d'ethnologie (page does not exist)">Maison René Ginouvès d'archéologie et d'ethnologie</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Ren%C3%A9_Ginouv%C3%A8s_d%27arch%C3%A9ologie_et_d%27ethnologie" class="extiw" title="fr:Maison René Ginouvès d'archéologie et d'ethnologie">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Place_de_la_Boule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Place de la Boule (page does not exist)">Place de la Boule</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_de_la_Boule" class="extiw" title="fr:Place de la Boule">FR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pont_ferroviaire_des_Anglais&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pont ferroviaire des Anglais (page does not exist)">Pont ferroviaire des Anglais</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont_ferroviaire_des_Anglais" class="extiw" title="fr:Pont ferroviaire des Anglais">FR</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paris_RER" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris RER">Paris RER</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanterre%E2%80%93La_Folie_station" title="Nanterre–La Folie station">Nanterre–La Folie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanterre-Pr%C3%A9fecture_station" title="Nanterre-Préfecture station">Nanterre-Préfecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanterre-Universit%C3%A9_station" title="Nanterre-Université station">Nanterre-Université</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanterre-Ville_station" title="Nanterre-Ville station">Nanterre-Ville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanterre_92" title="Nanterre 92">Nanterre 92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_92" title="Racing 92">Racing 92</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Puteaux" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Puteaux" title="Template:Puteaux"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Puteaux" title="Template talk:Puteaux"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Puteaux" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Puteaux"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Puteaux" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Puteaux" title="Puteaux">Puteaux</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">La Défense</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary and<br />secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Lyc%C3%A9e_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_et_Technologique_Agora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Lycée Général et Technologique Agora (page does not exist)">Le Lycée Général et Technologique Agora</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Lyc%C3%A9e_Professionnel_Lucien-Voilin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Lycée Professionnel Lucien-Voilin (page does not exist)">Le Lycée Professionnel Lucien-Voilin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tour_AGF_-_Ath%C3%A9na&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tour AGF - Athéna (page does not exist)">Tour AGF - Athéna</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_AGF_-_Ath%C3%A9na" class="extiw" title="fr:Tour AGF - Athéna">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Atlantique" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Atlantique">Tour Atlantique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Ariane" title="Tour Ariane">Tour Ariane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_of_New_Industries_and_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Center of New Industries and Technologies">Center of New Industries and Technologies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ESSEC_Business_School" title="ESSEC Business School">ESSEC Business School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_D%C3%A9fense_2000" title="Tour Défense 2000">Tour Défense 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_EDF" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour EDF">Tour EDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Eria" title="Tour Eria">Tour Eria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_%C3%88ve" title="Tour Ève">Tour Ève</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_France" title="Tour France">Tour France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Franklin" title="Tour Franklin">Tour Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Initiale" title="Tour Initiale">Tour Initiale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Majunga" title="Tour Majunga">Tour Majunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_12_Tower" title="Opus 12 Tower">Opus 12 Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Pascal" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour Pascal">Tour Pascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Sequoia" title="Tour Sequoia">Tour Sequoia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Notre-Dame_de_Pentec%C3%B4te&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notre-Dame de Pentecôte (page does not exist)">Notre-Dame de Pentecôte</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Pentec%C3%B4te" class="extiw" title="fr:Notre-Dame de Pentecôte">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvis_de_la_D%C3%A9fense" title="Parvis de la Défense">Parvis de la Défense</a> </li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Planned" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Signal" title="Tour Signal">Tour Signal</a> (cancelled)</li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esplanade_de_La_D%C3%A9fense_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Esplanade de La Défense (Paris Métro)">Esplanade de La Défense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_La_D%C3%A9fense" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de La Défense">La Défense – Grande Arche (Gare de La Défense)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transilien" title="Transilien">Transilien</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Puteaux" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Puteaux">Gare de Puteaux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q987729#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q987729#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q987729#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/82145067103066630159">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4273906-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11973522q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11973522q">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/structures/10000140">Structurae</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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