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<li id="toc-Creation_and_early_success" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creation_and_early_success"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Creation and early success</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creation_and_early_success-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greatest_moments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greatest_moments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Greatest moments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greatest_moments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operetta_and_grand_shows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operetta_and_grand_shows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Operetta and grand shows</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operetta_and_grand_shows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mistinguett_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mistinguett_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Mistinguett years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mistinguett_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_Mistinguett" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_Mistinguett"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>After Mistinguett</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_Mistinguett-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renewal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renewal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Renewal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renewal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documentaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documentaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Documentaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documentaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Books-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Books subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Illustrated_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illustrated_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Illustrated books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illustrated_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-About_Moulin_Rouge_and_its_characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#About_Moulin_Rouge_and_its_characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>About Moulin Rouge and its characters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-About_Moulin_Rouge_and_its_characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Enterprises" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enterprises"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Enterprises</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enterprises-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stage_adaptations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stage_adaptations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Stage adaptations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stage_adaptations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Moulin Rouge</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="الطاحونة الحمراء – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الطاحونة الحمراء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Мулен Руж – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мулен Руж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Мулен Руж – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мулен Руж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Мулен Руж – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мулен Руж" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge_(Par%C3%ADs)" title="Moulin Rouge (París) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Moulin Rouge (París)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BD_%CE%A1%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B6" title="Μουλέν Ρουζ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μουλέν Ρουζ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98" title="مولن روژ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مولن روژ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin-Rouge" title="Moulin-Rouge – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Moulin-Rouge" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%9E%AD_%EB%A3%A8%EC%A3%BC" title="물랭 루주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="물랭 루주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B6_%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AA" title="Մուլեն Ռուժ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մուլեն Ռուժ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9F_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%27" title="מולן רוז' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מולן רוז'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9F%E1%83%98" title="მულენ რუჟი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მულენ რუჟი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulenr%C5%AB%C5%BEa" title="Mulenrūža – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mulenrūža" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge_(P%C3%A1rizs)" title="Moulin Rouge (Párizs) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Moulin Rouge (Párizs)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Мулен руж – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мулен руж" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98" title="مولن‌روژ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مولن‌روژ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge_(cabaret)" title="Moulin Rouge (cabaret) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Moulin Rouge (cabaret)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5" title="ムーラン・ルージュ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ムーラン・ルージュ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Мулен Руж – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мулен Руж" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Мулен руж – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мулен руж" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Moulin Rouge" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8C" title="มูแล็งรูฌ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มูแล็งรูฌ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Moulin Rouge" 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Moulin_Rouge&params=48_53_03_N_2_19_57_E_type:landmark_region:FR_scale:10000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°53′03″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°19′57″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.88417°N 2.33250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.88417; 2.33250</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cabaret in Paris, France</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the cabaret. For the 2001 film, see <a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge!" title="Moulin Rouge!">Moulin Rouge!</a> For the Broadway musical, see <a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge!_(musical)" title="Moulin Rouge! (musical)">Moulin Rouge! (musical)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Moulin Rouge (disambiguation)">Moulin Rouge (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Moulin_Rouge" title="Special:EditPage/Moulin Rouge">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this article. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Moulin+Rouge%22">"Moulin Rouge"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Moulin+Rouge%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Moulin+Rouge%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Moulin+Rouge%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Moulin+Rouge%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Moulin+Rouge%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Moulin Rouge</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Moulin_Rouge,_17_April_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Moulin_Rouge%2C_17_April_2011.jpg/250px-Moulin_Rouge%2C_17_April_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Moulin_Rouge%2C_17_April_2011.jpg/375px-Moulin_Rouge%2C_17_April_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Moulin_Rouge%2C_17_April_2011.jpg/500px-Moulin_Rouge%2C_17_April_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The Moulin Rouge in 2011</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_ae77156f0bc0e14fc30afd080fcb373c2d2e7c86"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Moulin_Rouge&revid=1256399761&groups=_ae77156f0bc0e14fc30afd080fcb373c2d2e7c86" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Moulin_Rouge&revid=1256399761&groups=_ae77156f0bc0e14fc30afd080fcb373c2d2e7c86 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data label">82 Boulevard de Clichy<br />Paris<br />France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Moulin_Rouge&params=48_53_03_N_2_19_57_E_type:landmark_region:FR_scale:10000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°53′03″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°19′57″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.88417°N 2.33250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.88417; 2.33250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">Cabaret</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Seating_capacity" title="Seating capacity">Capacity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">850</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccc">Construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opened</th><td class="infobox-data">6 October 1889<span class="noprint">;<br />135 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1889-10-06</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Willette" title="Adolphe Willette">Adolphe Willette</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard-Jean_Niermans" class="mw-redirect" title="Édouard-Jean Niermans">Édouard-Jean Niermans</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccc">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moulinrouge.fr/">Moulinrouge.fr</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Moulin Rouge</b><sup id="cite_ref-Histoire_du_Moulin_Rouge_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histoire_du_Moulin_Rouge-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/æ̃/: nasal 'in' in 'vin blanc'">æ̃</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="/ʒ/: 's' in 'pleasure'">ʒ</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[mulɛ̃<span class="wrap"> </span>ʁuʒ]</a></span>; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">"Red Mill"</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">cabaret</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, on Boulevard de Clichy, at Place Blanche, the intersection of, and terminus of Rue Blanche. </p><p>In 1889, the Moulin Rouge was co-founded by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Zidler" title="Charles Zidler">Charles Zidler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Oller" title="Joseph Oller">Joseph Oller</a>, who also owned the <a href="/wiki/Olympia_(Paris)" title="Olympia (Paris)">Paris Olympia</a>. The original venue was destroyed by fire in 1915. Moulin Rouge is southwest of <a href="/wiki/Montmartre" title="Montmartre">Montmartre</a>, in the Paris district of <a href="/wiki/Quartier_Pigalle" class="mw-redirect" title="Quartier Pigalle">Pigalle</a> on Boulevard de Clichy in the <a href="/wiki/18%C3%A8me_arrondissement,_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="18ème arrondissement, Paris">18th <i>arrondissement</i></a>, and has a landmark red <a href="/wiki/Windmill" title="Windmill">windmill</a> on its roof. The closest métro station is <a href="/wiki/Blanche_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blanche (Paris Métro)">Blanche</a>. </p><p>Moulin Rouge is best known as the birthplace of the modern form of the <a href="/wiki/Can-can" title="Can-can">can-can</a> dance. Originally introduced as a seductive dance by the <a href="/wiki/Courtesan" title="Courtesan">courtesans</a> who operated from the site, the can-can dance <a href="/wiki/Revue" title="Revue">revue</a> evolved into a form of entertainment of its own and led to the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">cabarets</a> across Europe. Today, the Moulin Rouge is a <a href="/wiki/Tourist_attraction" title="Tourist attraction">tourist attraction</a>, offering predominantly musical dance entertainment for visitors from around the world. The club's decor still contains much of the romance of <i><a href="/wiki/Fin_de_si%C3%A8cle" title="Fin de siècle">fin de siècle</a></i> France. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This section has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Moulin_Rouge" title="Special:EditPage/Moulin Rouge">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Moulin_Rouge" title="Talk:Moulin Rouge">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit">converting this section</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Tone plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Tone" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section's <b>tone or style may not reflect the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic tone</a> used on Wikipedia</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> See Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">guide to writing better articles</a> for suggestions.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creation_and_early_success">Creation and early success</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Creation and early success"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 6 October 1889, the Moulin Rouge opened as the <b>Jardin de Paris</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-dtdcafm-cafes-halls-H_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dtdcafm-cafes-halls-H-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dtdcafm-cafes-halls-J_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dtdcafm-cafes-halls-J-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an outdoor garden <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_chantant" class="mw-redirect" title="Café chantant">café-concert</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-parisfordreamers-moulin-rouge_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parisfordreamers-moulin-rouge-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the foot of the Montmartre hill. Its creator <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Oller" title="Joseph Oller">Joseph Oller</a> and his Manager <a href="/wiki/Charles_Zidler" title="Charles Zidler">Charles Zidler</a> were formidable businessmen who understood the public's tastes. The aim was to attract wealthy individuals to experience the ambiance of the fashionable district of <a href="/wiki/Montmartre" title="Montmartre">Montmartre</a>, which was perceived as a form of slumming. The elaborate setting, featuring a garden adorned with a large elephant, provided an environment where individuals from various social strata could interact. This included workers, local residents, artists, the middle class, businessmen, stylish women, and tourists passing through Paris. Nicknamed "The First Palace of Women" by Oller and Zidler, the cabaret swiftly garnered significant acclaim. Key factors contributing to its success included:<sup id="cite_ref-Histoire_du_Moulin_Rouge_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histoire_du_Moulin_Rouge-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Revolutionary auditorium architecture enabling rapid changes of décor and fostering social interaction among all patrons.</li> <li>Champagne evenings characterized by lively entertainment and dancing, featuring regularly changing amusing acts like <a href="/wiki/Le_P%C3%A9tomane" title="Le Pétomane">Le Pétomane</a>.</li> <li>A new dance, inspired by the quadrille and gaining popularity, known as the <a href="/wiki/Can-can" title="Can-can">Can-can</a>. Dancers performed this energetic dance to a lively rhythm while wearing provocative costumes.</li> <li>Prominent dancers from the era included figures such as <a href="/wiki/La_Goulue" title="La Goulue">la Goulue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Avril" title="Jane Avril">Jane Avril</a>, la Môme Fromage, Grille d'Egout, Nini Pattes en l'Air, Yvette Guilbert, <a href="/wiki/Valentin_le_d%C3%A9soss%C3%A9" title="Valentin le désossé">Valentin le désossé</a>, and the clown <a href="/wiki/Cha-U-Kao" title="Cha-U-Kao">Cha-U-Kao</a>.</li> <li>A favored venue among artists, including Toulouse-Lautrec, whose posters and paintings contributed to the rapid and international renown of the Moulin Rouge.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Art and posters</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:(Albi)_Bal_au_Moulin_Rouge_place_Blanche_1889_-_Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bal au Moulin Rouge, Place Blanche, poster by Jules Chéret, 1889"><img alt="Bal au Moulin Rouge, Place Blanche, poster by Jules Chéret, 1889" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/%28Albi%29_Bal_au_Moulin_Rouge_place_Blanche_1889_-_Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg/121px-%28Albi%29_Bal_au_Moulin_Rouge_place_Blanche_1889_-_Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/%28Albi%29_Bal_au_Moulin_Rouge_place_Blanche_1889_-_Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg/182px-%28Albi%29_Bal_au_Moulin_Rouge_place_Blanche_1889_-_Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/%28Albi%29_Bal_au_Moulin_Rouge_place_Blanche_1889_-_Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg/242px-%28Albi%29_Bal_au_Moulin_Rouge_place_Blanche_1889_-_Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3940" data-file-height="5848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Bal au Moulin Rouge, Place Blanche</i>, poster by <a href="/wiki/Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret" title="Jules Chéret">Jules Chéret</a>, 1889</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 142.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 140.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henri-de-Toulouse-Lautrec-with-Tremolada-standing-next-to-Jules-Cherets-1889-poster.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Zidler's assistant and Moulin-Rouge manager, Tremolada, pointing at Jules Chéret's 1889 poster, Bal du Moulin Rouge with Toulouse-Lautrec, Place Blanche, Paris, 1892[6]"><img alt="Zidler's assistant and Moulin-Rouge manager, Tremolada, pointing at Jules Chéret's 1889 poster, Bal du Moulin Rouge with Toulouse-Lautrec, Place Blanche, Paris, 1892[6]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Henri-de-Toulouse-Lautrec-with-Tremolada-standing-next-to-Jules-Cherets-1889-poster.png/211px-Henri-de-Toulouse-Lautrec-with-Tremolada-standing-next-to-Jules-Cherets-1889-poster.png" decoding="async" width="141" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Henri-de-Toulouse-Lautrec-with-Tremolada-standing-next-to-Jules-Cherets-1889-poster.png/316px-Henri-de-Toulouse-Lautrec-with-Tremolada-standing-next-to-Jules-Cherets-1889-poster.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Henri-de-Toulouse-Lautrec-with-Tremolada-standing-next-to-Jules-Cherets-1889-poster.png/422px-Henri-de-Toulouse-Lautrec-with-Tremolada-standing-next-to-Jules-Cherets-1889-poster.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="726" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Zidler" title="Charles Zidler">Zidler's</a> assistant and Moulin-Rouge manager, <i>Tremolada</i>, pointing at <a href="/wiki/Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret" title="Jules Chéret">Jules Chéret</a><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s 1889 poster, <i>Bal du Moulin Rouge</i> with <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Toulouse-Lautrec</a>, Place Blanche, Paris, 1892<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 76.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 74.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec,_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue,_1891_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Moulin Rouge: La Goulue by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1891"><img alt="Moulin Rouge: La Goulue by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1891" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec%2C_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue%2C_1891_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/112px-Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec%2C_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue%2C_1891_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec%2C_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue%2C_1891_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/168px-Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec%2C_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue%2C_1891_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec%2C_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue%2C_1891_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/224px-Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec%2C_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue%2C_1891_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2314" data-file-height="3722" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge:_La_Goulue" title="Moulin Rouge: La Goulue">Moulin Rouge: La Goulue</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec</a>, 1891</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Au_joyeux_moulin_rouge_Choubrac-1896.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Advertising poster of the Moulin Rouge by Alfred Choubrac, 1896"><img alt="Advertising poster of the Moulin Rouge by Alfred Choubrac, 1896" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Au_joyeux_moulin_rouge_Choubrac-1896.jpg/135px-Au_joyeux_moulin_rouge_Choubrac-1896.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Au_joyeux_moulin_rouge_Choubrac-1896.jpg/203px-Au_joyeux_moulin_rouge_Choubrac-1896.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Au_joyeux_moulin_rouge_Choubrac-1896.jpg/271px-Au_joyeux_moulin_rouge_Choubrac-1896.jpg 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="376" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Advertising poster of the Moulin Rouge by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Choubrac" title="Alfred Choubrac">Alfred Choubrac</a>, 1896</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 96.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 94.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:At_the_Moulin_Rouge-_La_Goulue_and_Her_Sister_MET_DP835768.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="At the Moulin Rouge, La Goulue and her Sister (Au Moulin Rouge, La Goulue et sa sœur) by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1892"><img alt="At the Moulin Rouge, La Goulue and her Sister (Au Moulin Rouge, La Goulue et sa sœur) by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1892" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/At_the_Moulin_Rouge-_La_Goulue_and_Her_Sister_MET_DP835768.jpg/142px-At_the_Moulin_Rouge-_La_Goulue_and_Her_Sister_MET_DP835768.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/At_the_Moulin_Rouge-_La_Goulue_and_Her_Sister_MET_DP835768.jpg/213px-At_the_Moulin_Rouge-_La_Goulue_and_Her_Sister_MET_DP835768.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/At_the_Moulin_Rouge-_La_Goulue_and_Her_Sister_MET_DP835768.jpg/284px-At_the_Moulin_Rouge-_La_Goulue_and_Her_Sister_MET_DP835768.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2992" data-file-height="3793" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>At the Moulin Rouge, <a href="/wiki/La_Goulue" title="La Goulue">La Goulue</a> and her Sister</i> (<i>Au Moulin Rouge, <a href="/wiki/La_Goulue" title="La Goulue">La Goulue</a> et sa sœur</i>) by <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec</a>, 1892</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 85.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 83.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cheret_MoulinRouge_ParisCancan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Poster by Jules Chéret, 1890"><img alt="Poster by Jules Chéret, 1890" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Cheret_MoulinRouge_ParisCancan.jpg/125px-Cheret_MoulinRouge_ParisCancan.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Cheret_MoulinRouge_ParisCancan.jpg/187px-Cheret_MoulinRouge_ParisCancan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Cheret_MoulinRouge_ParisCancan.jpg/250px-Cheret_MoulinRouge_ParisCancan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="1224" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Poster by <a href="/wiki/Jules_Ch%C3%A9ret" title="Jules Chéret">Jules Chéret</a>, 1890</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greatest_moments">Greatest moments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Greatest moments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During its early years, the Moulin Rouge featured extravagant shows inspired by the circus, along with attractions that gained widespread fame, such as <a href="/wiki/Le_P%C3%A9tomane" title="Le Pétomane">Pétomane</a>. Concert-dances were organized daily at 10 pm. Between 1886 and 1910, the comic duo Footit and Chocolat, comprising a white authoritarian clown and a black long-suffering <a href="/wiki/Clown" title="Clown">Auguste</a>, gained popularity and were frequently featured on Moulin Rouge posters. On 19 April 1890, the first revue, "Circassiens et Circassiennes," debuted. On 26 October 1890, during a private visit to Paris, the Prince of Wales, later <a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a>, reserved a table to witness a quadrille at the Moulin Rouge, where La Goulue famously greeted him with the exclamation, "Hey, Wales, the champagne's on you!" In 1891, Toulouse-Lautrec created his first poster for the Moulin Rouge, featuring <i><a href="/wiki/La_Goulue" title="La Goulue">La Goulue</a></i>. In 1893, the "<a href="/wiki/Bal_des_Quat%27z%27Arts" title="Bal des Quat'z'Arts">Bal des Quat'z'Arts</a>" sparked scandal with its procession featuring a nude <a href="/wiki/Cleopatra" title="Cleopatra">Cleopatra</a> surrounded by young naked women. On 12 November 1897, the Moulin Rouge closed for the first time to mourn the passing of its manager and co-founder, Charles Zidler. Yvette Guilbert paid homage to him, saying, "You have the knack of creating popular pleasure, in the finest sense of the word, of entertaining crowds with subtlety, according to the status of those to be entertained." In 1900, the Universal Exhibition attracted visitors from around the world to the Moulin Rouge, solidifying Paris's reputation as a city of decadent pleasure. This led to the establishment of imitation "Moulin Rouges" and "Montmartres" in many other countries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operetta_and_grand_shows">Operetta and grand shows</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Operetta and grand shows"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Th%C3%A9atre-Concert_du_Moulin-Rouge_1904.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Th%C3%A9atre-Concert_du_Moulin-Rouge_1904.jpg/220px-Th%C3%A9atre-Concert_du_Moulin-Rouge_1904.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Th%C3%A9atre-Concert_du_Moulin-Rouge_1904.jpg/330px-Th%C3%A9atre-Concert_du_Moulin-Rouge_1904.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Th%C3%A9atre-Concert_du_Moulin-Rouge_1904.jpg/440px-Th%C3%A9atre-Concert_du_Moulin-Rouge_1904.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3283" data-file-height="2423" /></a><figcaption>Share certificate of 500 francs, sold to raise funds to build a theatre building at the outdoor venue, issued 15 February 1904</figcaption></figure><p>In January 1903, the Moulin Rouge underwent renovation and improvement under the direction of <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Niermans_(architect)" title="Édouard Niermans (architect)">Édouard Niermans</a>, a prominent architect of the <a href="/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque" title="Belle Époque">Belle Époque</a> era, amongst other works he designed the brasserie Mollard, the <a href="/wiki/Casino_de_Paris" title="Casino de Paris">Casino de Paris</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Folies_Berg%C3%A8re" title="Folies Bergère">Folies Bergère</a> in Paris, the Palace Hôtel in Ostend in Belgium, the rebuilding of the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_du_Palais" title="Hôtel du Palais">Hôtel du Palais</a> in Biarritz, and the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Negresco" title="Hotel Negresco">Hotel Negresco</a> on the Promenade des Anglais in Nice. This included the addition of aperitif concerts, attracting the fashionable elite for dining and entertainment in a luxurious setting. </p><p>Until the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a>, the Moulin Rouge became renowned for its operetta performances. Successful shows during this period included Voluptata, La Feuille de Vigne, Le Rêve d'Egypte, Tais-toi tu m'affoles, among others, each with evocative titles. On 3 January 1907, during the performance of Le Rêve d'Egypte, <a href="/wiki/Colette" title="Colette">Colette</a> exchanged scandalous kisses that revealed her connection to the Duchess of Morny, leading to the show being banned. <a href="/wiki/Mistinguett" title="Mistinguett">Mistinguett</a> made her debut at the Moulin Rouge on 29 July 1907 in the Revue de la Femme, showcasing her undeniable talent. She quickly rose to fame, achieving immense success the following year with <a href="/wiki/Max_Dearly" title="Max Dearly">Max Dearly</a> in La Valse chaloupée. Born into poverty, Mistinguett's sharp wit and determination propelled her to become a successful businesswoman, touring extensively across Europe and the United States. On 9 April 1910, a former lady-in-waiting to <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_de_Montijo" title="Eugénie de Montijo">Empress Eugénie</a> attended a showing of the Revue Amoureuse at the Moulin Rouge and was so captivated by the faithful recreation of a ceremony for the return of troops from Italy that she exclaimed, "Long Live the Empress!" Tragically, on 27 February 1915, the Moulin Rouge was destroyed by fire during building works, resulting in a nine-year closure.<sup id="cite_ref-Grdn202404_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grdn202404-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1925, the rebuilt Moulin Rouge reopened its doors to the public. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 288.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 286.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moulin_Rouge_1912.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Moulin Rouge, June 1912"><img alt="The Moulin Rouge, June 1912" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Moulin_Rouge_1912.jpg/430px-Moulin_Rouge_1912.jpg" decoding="async" width="287" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Moulin_Rouge_1912.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="314" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Moulin Rouge, June 1912</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_1914_Moulin_Rouge.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Moulin Rouge in Autochrome Lumière color, before the 1915 fire"><img alt="The Moulin Rouge in Autochrome Lumière color, before the 1915 fire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Paris_1914_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/195px-Paris_1914_Moulin_Rouge.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Paris_1914_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/293px-Paris_1914_Moulin_Rouge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Paris_1914_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/391px-Paris_1914_Moulin_Rouge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="721" data-file-height="996" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Moulin Rouge in <a href="/wiki/Autochrome_Lumi%C3%A8re" title="Autochrome Lumière">Autochrome Lumière</a> color, before the 1915 fire</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 131.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 129.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_Moulin_Rouge,_Boulevard_de_Clichy,_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Moulin Rouge, la revue Cache Ton Nu !, 24 June 1914, by Stéphane Passet[8]"><img alt="Moulin Rouge, la revue Cache Ton Nu !, 24 June 1914, by Stéphane Passet[8]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Le_Moulin_Rouge%2C_Boulevard_de_Clichy%2C_Paris.jpg/194px-Le_Moulin_Rouge%2C_Boulevard_de_Clichy%2C_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Le_Moulin_Rouge%2C_Boulevard_de_Clichy%2C_Paris.jpg/292px-Le_Moulin_Rouge%2C_Boulevard_de_Clichy%2C_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Le_Moulin_Rouge%2C_Boulevard_de_Clichy%2C_Paris.jpg/389px-Le_Moulin_Rouge%2C_Boulevard_de_Clichy%2C_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1110" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Moulin Rouge, la revue <i>Cache Ton Nu !</i>, 24 June 1914, by <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Passet" class="mw-redirect" title="Stéphane Passet">Stéphane Passet</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mistinguett_years">Mistinguett years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mistinguett years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mistinguett_Moulin_Rouge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Mistinguett_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/220px-Mistinguett_Moulin_Rouge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Mistinguett_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/330px-Mistinguett_Moulin_Rouge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Mistinguett_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/440px-Mistinguett_Moulin_Rouge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1027" data-file-height="1320" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mistinguett" title="Mistinguett">Mistinguett</a>, at the Moulin Rouge (1907–1929)</figcaption></figure><p>Following World War I, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Salabert" title="Francis Salabert">Francis Salabert</a> assumed management of the Moulin Rouge. As a businessman rather than a showman, he entrusted Jacques-Charles, a prominent impresario, with revitalizing the cabaret. The Moulin Rouge experienced a resurgence with the performances of stars such as Mistinguett, <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Aubert" title="Jeanne Aubert">Jeanne Aubert</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier" title="Maurice Chevalier">Maurice Chevalier</a>, as well as the introduction of American revues featuring the Hoffmann Girls. </p><p>In 1923, composer and conductor Raphaël Beretta proposed a reconstruction of the Moulin Rouge's music hall on a larger scale. The iconic mill structure, supported by a central facade adorned with oval dormers, was designed by Gesmar, a 20-year-old set designer whose work became synonymous with the venue. </p><p>Jacques-Charles and Mistinguett collaborated on several acclaimed revues, including: </p><p>1925: <i>Revue Mistinguett</i> </p><p>1926: <i>Ça c'est Paris</i> </p><p>1928: <i>Paris qui tourne</i> </p><p>During a 1927 performance, an incident occurred when female dancers emerged from multi-tiered artificial cakes covered in real frosting. The slippery cake cream on their high heels caused them to repeatedly slip and fall on stage, resulting in disruptions to the show.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mistinguett's tenure at the Moulin Rouge produced enduring songs such as "Valencia," "Ça c'est Paris" (both by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Padilla_(composer)" title="José Padilla (composer)">Jose Padilla</a>), "Il m'a vue nue," "On m' suit," and "La Java de Doudoune," the latter performed with <a href="/wiki/Jean_Gabin" title="Jean Gabin">Jean Gabin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_Mistinguett">After Mistinguett</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: After Mistinguett"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1929, Mistinguett retired from the stage, leading to the transformation of the Moulin Rouge's ballroom into an ultra-modern Night Club. </p><p>From June to August 1929, the revue <i>Lew Leslie's Blackbirds</i>, featuring jazz singer and Broadway star <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Hall" title="Adelaide Hall">Adelaide Hall</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along with a troop of a hundred black artists accompanied by the Jazz Plantation Orchestra, became the hit of the season at the Moulin Rouge.<sup id="cite_ref-Les_secrets_du_Moulin_Rouge_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Les_secrets_du_Moulin_Rouge-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1937, the <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Club" title="Cotton Club">Cotton Club</a>, renowned in New York, was showcased at the Moulin Rouge, alongside performances by Ray Ventura and his Collegians. </p><p>During the Second World War (1939–1945), the Moulin Rouge was highlighted in the German Occupation Guide as a must-visit attraction in Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-we_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-we-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its stage shows continued for the occupation troops and were mentioned in autobiographies of German officers such as <a href="/wiki/Ernst_J%C3%BCnger" title="Ernst Jünger">Ernst Jünger</a> and Gerhard Heller.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Germans facilitated "recreational visits" in Paris for their troops, promoting the motto "Jeder einmal in Paris" (everyone once in Paris). The widespread prostitution during the occupation eventually led to the implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Loi_Marthe_Richard" title="Loi Marthe Richard">Loi Marthe Richard</a> in 1946, which closed bordellos and reduced stage shows to dancing events. </p><p>In 1944, shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Paris" title="Liberation of Paris">liberation of Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89dith_Piaf" title="Édith Piaf">Edith Piaf</a>, who had performed frequently at social gatherings for German forces during the war, returned to the stage at the Moulin Rouge. She was accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Yves_Montand" title="Yves Montand">Yves Montand</a>, a newcomer chosen to perform with her. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vu_(magazine)_N%C2%B077.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Vu, issue N°77, Wednesday, 4 September 1929, front cover, with Adelaide Hall star of Blackbirds at the Moulin Rouge, titled "Au revoir Black Birds !", saying farewell after a production run of four months"><img alt="Vu, issue N°77, Wednesday, 4 September 1929, front cover, with Adelaide Hall star of Blackbirds at the Moulin Rouge, titled "Au revoir Black Birds !", saying farewell after a production run of four months" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vu_%28magazine%29_N%C2%B077.JPG/135px-Vu_%28magazine%29_N%C2%B077.JPG" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vu_%28magazine%29_N%C2%B077.JPG/202px-Vu_%28magazine%29_N%C2%B077.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vu_%28magazine%29_N%C2%B077.JPG/270px-Vu_%28magazine%29_N%C2%B077.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1371" data-file-height="1830" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Vu_(magazine)" title="Vu (magazine)"><i>Vu</i></a>, issue N°77, Wednesday, 4 September 1929, front cover, with <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Hall" title="Adelaide Hall">Adelaide Hall</a> star of <i><a href="/wiki/Blackbirds_of_1928" title="Blackbirds of 1928">Blackbirds</a></i> at the Moulin Rouge, titled "Au revoir Black Birds !", saying farewell after a production run of four months</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:De_Moulin_Rouge_in_Parijs_bij_avond,_Bestanddeelnr_254-5695.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Moulin Rouge Cinema at night, 1936."><img alt="Moulin Rouge Cinema at night, 1936." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/De_Moulin_Rouge_in_Parijs_bij_avond%2C_Bestanddeelnr_254-5695.jpg/220px-De_Moulin_Rouge_in_Parijs_bij_avond%2C_Bestanddeelnr_254-5695.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/De_Moulin_Rouge_in_Parijs_bij_avond%2C_Bestanddeelnr_254-5695.jpg/330px-De_Moulin_Rouge_in_Parijs_bij_avond%2C_Bestanddeelnr_254-5695.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/De_Moulin_Rouge_in_Parijs_bij_avond%2C_Bestanddeelnr_254-5695.jpg/440px-De_Moulin_Rouge_in_Parijs_bij_avond%2C_Bestanddeelnr_254-5695.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3479" data-file-height="2529" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Moulin Rouge Cinema at night, 1936. </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-129-0480-25,_Paris,_deutsche_Soldaten_vor_dem_Moulin_Rouge.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Two German soldiers, with two women, in front of the Moulin Rouge, during the Nazi occupation, June 1940."><img alt="Two German soldiers, with two women, in front of the Moulin Rouge, during the Nazi occupation, June 1940." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-129-0480-25%2C_Paris%2C_deutsche_Soldaten_vor_dem_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/120px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-129-0480-25%2C_Paris%2C_deutsche_Soldaten_vor_dem_Moulin_Rouge.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-129-0480-25%2C_Paris%2C_deutsche_Soldaten_vor_dem_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/181px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-129-0480-25%2C_Paris%2C_deutsche_Soldaten_vor_dem_Moulin_Rouge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-129-0480-25%2C_Paris%2C_deutsche_Soldaten_vor_dem_Moulin_Rouge.jpg/241px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-129-0480-25%2C_Paris%2C_deutsche_Soldaten_vor_dem_Moulin_Rouge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="536" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Two German soldiers, with two women, in front of the Moulin Rouge, during the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of France">Nazi occupation</a>, June 1940.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renewal">Renewal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Renewal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moulin_Rouge,_Paris_April_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Moulin_Rouge%2C_Paris_April_2011.jpg/220px-Moulin_Rouge%2C_Paris_April_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Moulin_Rouge%2C_Paris_April_2011.jpg/330px-Moulin_Rouge%2C_Paris_April_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Moulin_Rouge%2C_Paris_April_2011.jpg/440px-Moulin_Rouge%2C_Paris_April_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>The Moulin Rouge, midnight, April 2011</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moulin_Rouge_in_Paris_-_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Moulin_Rouge_in_Paris_-_3.jpg/220px-Moulin_Rouge_in_Paris_-_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Moulin_Rouge_in_Paris_-_3.jpg/330px-Moulin_Rouge_in_Paris_-_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Moulin_Rouge_in_Paris_-_3.jpg/440px-Moulin_Rouge_in_Paris_-_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1611" data-file-height="1951" /></a><figcaption>Moulin Rouge entrance</figcaption></figure><p>On 22 June 1951, Georges France, also known as Jo France, founder of the <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balajo" class="extiw" title="fr:Balajo">Balajo</a> in Paris, acquired the Moulin Rouge and initiated extensive renovation efforts. Architects Pierre Devinoy, Bernard de La Tour d’Auvergne, and <a href="/wiki/Marion_Tournon-Branly" title="Marion Tournon-Branly">Marion Tournon-Branly</a> were tasked with enhancing and outfitting the new auditorium. The envisioned décor by Jo France, largely executed by Henri Mahé, a prominent designer of the era, remains intact to this day. </p><p>The return of evening dances, acts, and the iconic French cancan marked a revival at the Moulin Rouge. On 19 May 1953, the 25th "Bal des Petits Lits Blancs," organized by novelist <a href="/wiki/Guy_des_Cars" title="Guy des Cars">Guy des Cars</a>, attracted notable figures such as French President <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Auriol" title="Vincent Auriol">Vincent Auriol</a> and featured <a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a>'s European stage debut. Between 1951 and 1960, the stage saw performances by renowned artists including <a href="/wiki/Luis_Mariano" title="Luis Mariano">Luis Mariano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Trenet" title="Charles Trenet">Charles Trénet</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Josephine_Baker" title="Josephine Baker">Josephine Baker</a>. </p><p>In 1955, Jo France transferred ownership to brothers Joseph and Louis Clérico, proprietors of <a href="/wiki/Le_Lido" title="Le Lido">Le Lido</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Jean Bauchet assuming the managerial role. The tradition of the French cancan continued, choreographed by Ruggero Angeletti. Doris Haug established the "Doris's Girls" troop in 1957, initially comprising four girls and later expanding to sixty. </p><p>Transformations in 1959 included renovations to the Moulin Rouge's kitchens, while the introduction of <i>The Revue Japonaise</i> in 1960 showcased Japanese artists and popularized <a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">Kabuki</a> in Montmartre. In 1962, <a href="/wiki/Jacki_Cl%C3%A9rico" title="Jacki Clérico">Jacki Clérico</a>, son of Joseph Clérico, assumed leadership,<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ushering in an era of expansion with the enlargement of the auditorium, installation of a giant aquarium, and the introduction of the first aquatic ballet. <i>The Revue Cancan</i>, devised by Doris Haug and Ruggero Angeletti, premiered the same year. </p><p>Since 1963, following the success of the Frou-Frou revue, Jacki Clérico adopted a tradition of naming revues with titles beginning with the letter F. Throughout these productions, the famed French cancan remained a staple feature:<sup id="cite_ref-Le_Moulin_Rouge_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Moulin_Rouge-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><ul><li>1963–1965: <i>Frou-Frou</i></li> <li>1965–1967: <i>Frisson</i></li> <li>1967–1970: <i>Fascination</i></li> <li>1970–1973: <i>Fantastic</i></li> <li>1973–1976: <i>Festival</i></li> <li>1976–1978: <i>Follement</i></li> <li>1978–1983: <i>Frénésie</i></li> <li>1983–1988: <i>Femmes, femmes, femmes</i></li> <li>1988–1999: <i>Formidable</i></li> <li>Since 1999: <i><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9erie_(Moulin_Rouge)" title="Féerie (Moulin Rouge)">Féerie</a></i></li></ul></dd></dl> <p>On 7 September 1979, the Moulin Rouge marked its 90th anniversary, reaffirming its status as a prominent fixture in Parisian nightlife. The celebration featured an array of stars, including <a href="/wiki/Ginger_Rogers" title="Ginger Rogers">Ginger Rogers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thierry_Le_Luron" title="Thierry Le Luron">Thierry Le Luron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalida" title="Dalida">Dalida</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Aznavour" title="Charles Aznavour">Charles Aznavour</a>, among others. Notable events followed, including a special presentation of the show to Her Majesty Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> on 23 November 1981. The venue hosted renowned performers such as <a href="/wiki/Liza_Minnelli" title="Liza Minnelli">Liza Minnelli</a> in February 1982, followed by gala performances with <a href="/wiki/Dean_Martin" title="Dean Martin">Dean Martin</a> in July 1984 and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> in September 1984. A milestone occurred on 1 December 1986, when world-renowned dancer <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Baryshnikov" title="Mikhail Baryshnikov">Mikhail Baryshnikov</a> premiered an original ballet by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_B%C3%A9jart" title="Maurice Béjart">Maurice Béjart</a> at the Moulin Rouge. </p><p>In February 1988, despite the original building's destruction in 1915, the Moulin Rouge celebrated its centenary with the premiere of the revue "Formidable," a prestigious event attended by <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Edward</a>. Subsequent events included performances in London and gala celebrations featuring an array of luminaries, including Charles Aznavour, <a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lewis" title="Jerry Lewis">Jerry Lewis</a>. Over the years, the Moulin Rouge continued to host charitable events, such as the <a href="/wiki/Cartier_(jeweler)" title="Cartier (jeweler)">Cartier</a> gala in support of the Artists' Foundation against <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">AIDS</a> in 1994, and the <a href="/wiki/Lanc%C3%B4me" title="Lancôme">Lancôme</a> gala in 1995. The centenary revue "Formidable" concluded in November 1999, paving the way for the debut of the new revue "Féerie" in December 1999. </p><p>In 2008, soloist dancer <a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Josipovi%C4%87" title="Aleksandar Josipović">Aleksandar Josipović</a> served as master of ceremonies at the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Eurovision Song Contest">53rd Eurovision Song Contest</a>. The venue's global reach extended further in February 2009 when it was showcased as part of the Year of France in Brazil and the <a href="/wiki/Rio_Carnival" title="Rio Carnival">Rio Carnival</a> on <a href="/wiki/Copacabana,_Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro">Copacabana Beach</a>. However, on 13 January 2013, Moulin Rouge owner Jacki Clérico passed away,<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> followed by the death of Doris Haug, founder of the Doris's Girls, on 10 August 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite these losses, the Moulin Rouge celebrated its 125th anniversary on 6 October 2014. </p><p>On 25 April 2024, the cabaret's windmill blades collapsed onto the street, resulting in damage to the facade. No injuries were reported.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Grdn202404_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grdn202404-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The windmill was restored on 5 July that year, in time for the <a href="/wiki/2024_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay" title="2024 Summer Olympics torch relay">Olympic torch relay</a> that passed through the area on 15 July.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Documentaries">Documentaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Documentaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Quadrille dansé par les étoiles du Moulin-Rouge 1,2&3</i> (1899–1902), France – produced by Pathé (3 episodes of 20 min)</li> <li><i>An Evening at the Moulin Rouge</i> (1981), Réalisé par David Niles, produced by HBO (length : 60 min)</li> <li><i>Les Dessous du Moulin Rouge</i> (2000), Réalisé par Nils Tavernier, produced by Little Bear (length  : 52 min)</li> <li><i>Coulisses d'une revue, le Moulin Rouge</i> (2001), directed by par Philippe Pouchain and Yves Riou (length  : 60 min)</li> <li><i>Moulin Rouge Forever</i> (2002), directed by Philippe Pouchain and Yves Riou (length: 55 min)</li> <li><i>Moulin Rouge : la restauration</i> and <i>Une vie de passion au Moulin Rouge</i>. Two documentaries available with the <i>Moulin Rouge</i> movie of John Huston.</li> <li><i>Au cœur du Moulin Rouge</i> (<i>At the heart of Moulin Rouge</i>) (2012), Directed by Marie Vabre, produced by <a href="/w/index.php?title=3e_%C5%92il_Productions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3e Œil Productions (page does not exist)">3e Œil Productions</a> (90 min).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Illustrated_books">Illustrated books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Illustrated books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Moulin Rouge</i> (1989), by Jacques Pessis and Jacques Crépineau – Publisher: St Martins</li> <li><i>The Moulin Rouge</i> (2002), by Jacques Pessis and Jacques Crépineau – Publisher: Le Cherche-Midi</li> <li><i>Moulin Rouge, Paris</i> (2002), by Christophe Mirambeau – Publisher: Assouline</li> <li><i>Flipbook Moulin Rouge Paris France 23h18</i>, Paris (2003), by Jean-Luc Planche – Publisher: Youpeka</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="About_Moulin_Rouge_and_its_characters">About Moulin Rouge and its characters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: About Moulin Rouge and its characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDuret1920" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Duret" title="Théodore Duret">Duret, Théodore</a> (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lautrec00dure"><i>Lautrec</i></a>. Paris: Bernheim-Jeune – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lautrec&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Bernheim-Jeune&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Duret&rft.aufirst=Th%C3%A9odore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flautrec00dure&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Pierre La Mure <i>Moulin Rouge</i> (1950), a novel based on the life of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Random House</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Shercliff" title="Jose Shercliff">Jose Shercliff</a> <i>Jane Avril of the Moulin Rouge</i> (1954), Macrae Smith Co</li> <li>Jean Nohain and François Caradec <i>Le Pétomane 1857–1945</i> a tribute to the unique act which shook and shattered the Moulin-Rouge (1967), Souvenir Press</li> <li>Robert Burleigh <i>Toulouse-Lautrec : The Moulin Rouge and the City of Light</i>, (2003), Harry N. Abrams</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enterprises">Enterprises</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Enterprises"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Moulin Rouge in Paris was a source of inspiration for: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge_Hotel" title="Moulin Rouge Hotel">Moulin Rouge Hotel</a> in Las Vegas, Nevada</li> <li>The nude revues at the <a href="/wiki/Windmill_Theatre" title="Windmill Theatre">Windmill Theatre</a>, created by <a href="/wiki/Laura_Henderson" title="Laura Henderson">Laura Henderson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Van_Damm" title="Vivian Van Damm">Vivian Van Damm</a></li> <li>The Moulin Rouge restaurant in <a href="/wiki/Park_Street,_Kolkata" title="Park Street, Kolkata">Park Street, Kolkata</a> is inspired by this cabaret along with the symbolic windmill.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Moulin Rouge Dancers 1&2</i> (1898) – United States – silent film about the Moulin Rouge</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_the_Moulin_Rouge" title="Queen of the Moulin Rouge">Queen of the Moulin Rouge</a></i> (1922), directed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_C._Smallwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ray C. Smallwood (page does not exist)">Ray C. Smallwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Milne_(screenwriter)" title="Peter Milne (screenwriter)">Peter Milne</a> – United States – silent film about the Moulin Rouge</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Fant%C3%B4me_du_Moulin_Rouge" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Fantôme du Moulin Rouge">Le Fantôme du Moulin Rouge</a></i> (1925), directed by <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Clair" title="René Clair">René Clair</a> – with <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Milovanoff" title="Sandra Milovanoff">Sandra Milovanoff</a> and Georges Vaultier</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge_(1928_film)" title="Moulin Rouge (1928 film)">Moulin Rouge</a></i> (1928), directed by <a href="/wiki/Ewald_Andr%C3%A9_Dupont" class="mw-redirect" title="Ewald André Dupont">Ewald André Dupont</a> – With <a href="/wiki/Olga_Chekhova" title="Olga Chekhova">Olga Chekhova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eve_Gray" title="Eve Gray">Eve Gray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bradin" title="Jean Bradin">Jean Bradin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge_(1934_film)" title="Moulin Rouge (1934 film)">Moulin Rouge</a></i> also titled <i>L'étoile du Moulin Rouge</i> (1934), directed by <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lanfield" title="Sidney Lanfield">Sidney Lanfield</a> – with <a href="/wiki/Constance_Bennett" title="Constance Bennett">Constance Bennett</a> – United States</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Chaste_Suzanne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Chaste Suzanne (page does not exist)">La Chaste Suzanne</a></i> (1937/1938), directed by André Berthomieu – with <a href="/wiki/Raimu" title="Raimu">Raimu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henri_Garat" title="Henri Garat">Henri Garat</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Petite_femme_du_Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Petite femme du Moulin Rouge (page does not exist)">La P'tite femme du Moulin Rouge</a></i> (1945), directed by Benito Perojo – with <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Bello" title="Alberto Bello">Alberto Bello</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_Calca%C3%B1o" title="Héctor Calcaño">Héctor Calcaño</a>, <a href="/wiki/Homero_C%C3%A1rpena" title="Homero Cárpena">Homero Cárpena</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tilda_Thamar" title="Tilda Thamar">Tilda Thamar</a></li> <li><i>A Night at the Moulin Rouge</i> (1951) is a film (also circulated under the title <i>Ding Dong!</i>) of burlesque acts of the Moulin Rouge club in <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge_(1952_film)" title="Moulin Rouge (1952 film)">Moulin Rouge</a></i> (1952), directed by <a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a>- with <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ferrer" title="José Ferrer">José Ferrer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Flon" title="Suzanne Flon">Suzanne Flon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zsa_Zsa_Gabor" title="Zsa Zsa Gabor">Zsa Zsa Gabor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/French_Cancan" title="French Cancan">French Cancan</a></i> (1955), directed by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Jean Renoir</a> – with <a href="/wiki/Jean_Gabin" title="Jean Gabin">Jean Gabin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Arnoul" title="Françoise Arnoul">Françoise Arnoul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_F%C3%A9lix" title="María Félix">María Félix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Roger_Caussimon" title="Jean-Roger Caussimon">Jean-Roger Caussimon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gianni_Esposito" class="mw-redirect" title="Gianni Esposito">Gianni Esposito</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Clay" title="Philippe Clay">Philippe Clay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michel_Piccoli" title="Michel Piccoli">Michel Piccoli</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Night_at_the_Moulin_Rouge" title="A Night at the Moulin Rouge">A Night at the Moulin Rouge</a></i> (1957), directed by Jean-Claude Roy – with Tilda Thamar, Noël Roquevert, Armand Bernard and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Tissier" title="Jean Tissier">Jean Tissier</a></li> <li><i>La Chaste Suzanne</i> (1963), directed by Luis César Amadori – with <a href="/wiki/Armand_Mestral" title="Armand Mestral">Armand Mestral</a>, <a href="/wiki/No%C3%ABl_Roquevert" title="Noël Roquevert">Noël Roquevert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Duvall%C3%A8s" title="Frédéric Duvallès">Frédéric Duvallès</a> – Spain/France</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge!" title="Moulin Rouge!">Moulin Rouge!</a></i> (2001), directed by <a href="/wiki/Baz_Luhrmann" title="Baz Luhrmann">Baz Luhrmann</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Ewan_McGregor" title="Ewan McGregor">Ewan McGregor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman" title="Nicole Kidman">Nicole Kidman</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Leguizamo" title="John Leguizamo">John Leguizamo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Broadbent" title="Jim Broadbent">Jim Broadbent</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Roxburgh" title="Richard Roxburgh">Richard Roxburgh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_in_Paris" title="Midnight in Paris">Midnight in Paris</a></i> (2011), directed by <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Owen_Wilson" title="Owen Wilson">Owen Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marion_Cotillard" title="Marion Cotillard">Marion Cotillard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rachel_McAdams" title="Rachel McAdams">Rachel McAdams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hiddleston" title="Tom Hiddleston">Tom Hiddleston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corey_Stoll" title="Corey Stoll">Corey Stoll</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Bates" title="Kathy Bates">Kathy Bates</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adrien_Brody" title="Adrien Brody">Adrien Brody</a> – Spain, US</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The music video for the "<a href="/wiki/Lady_Marmalade" title="Lady Marmalade">Lady Marmalade</a>" cover act by <a href="/wiki/Christina_Aguilera" title="Christina Aguilera">Christina Aguilera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pink_(singer)" title="Pink (singer)">Pink</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lil%27_Kim" title="Lil' Kim">Lil' Kim</a>, and <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BDa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mýa">Mýa</a> was filmed on a replica set of the Moulin Rouge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_(musician)" title="Prince (musician)">Prince</a> and his concert film <i><a href="/wiki/Sign_o%27_the_Times_(film)" title="Sign o' the Times (film)">Sign o' the Times</a></i> (1987) featured the Moulin Rouge as part of his stage venue and props</li> <li>The second music video for The Killers' song "<a href="/wiki/Mr._Brightside" title="Mr. Brightside">Mr. Brightside</a>" was set in the Moulin Rouge</li> <li>It is the title of a 2014 single sung by <a href="/wiki/Kamijo_(musician)" title="Kamijo (musician)">Kamijo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stage_adaptations">Stage adaptations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Stage adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The 2018 musical <i><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge!_(musical)" title="Moulin Rouge! (musical)">Moulin Rouge!</a></i> is an adaptation of the 2001 Baz Luhrmann film.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/48px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/64px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a 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title="Jubilee!">Jubilee!</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradis_Latin" title="Paradis Latin">Paradis Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peepshow_(burlesque)" title="Peepshow (burlesque)">Peepshow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirens_of_TI" title="Sirens of TI">Sirens of TI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropicana_Club" title="Tropicana Club">Tropicana Club</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Histoire_du_Moulin_Rouge-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Histoire_du_Moulin_Rouge_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Histoire_du_Moulin_Rouge_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moulinrouge.fr/#/histoire/">"Histoire du Moulin Rouge"</a>. <i>MoulinRouge.fr</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MoulinRouge.fr&rft.atitle=Histoire+du+Moulin+Rouge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moulinrouge.fr%2F%23%2Fhistoire%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dtdcafm-cafes-halls-H-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dtdcafm-cafes-halls-H_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDubéMarchioro" class="citation web cs1">Dubé, Paul; Marchioro, Jacques. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dutempsdescerisesauxfeuillesmortes.net/textes_divers/cafes_concerts_et_music_halls/caf_conc_liste_alpha/cafes_concerts_h.htm#horloge">"Cafés concerts et music-halls H : Horloge, L' – Champs-Élysées, 8e"</a>. <i>du temps des cerises aux feuilles mortes .net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=du+temps+des+cerises+aux+feuilles+mortes+.net&rft.atitle=Caf%C3%A9s+concerts+et+music-halls+H+%3A+Horloge%2C+L%27+%E2%80%93+Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es%2C+8e&rft.aulast=Dub%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Marchioro%2C+Jacques&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dutempsdescerisesauxfeuillesmortes.net%2Ftextes_divers%2Fcafes_concerts_et_music_halls%2Fcaf_conc_liste_alpha%2Fcafes_concerts_h.htm%23horloge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dtdcafm-cafes-halls-J-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dtdcafm-cafes-halls-J_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDubéMarchioro" class="citation web cs1">Dubé, Paul; Marchioro, Jacques. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dutempsdescerisesauxfeuillesmortes.net/textes_divers/cafes_concerts_et_music_halls/caf_conc_liste_alpha/cafes_concerts_j.htm#jardin_paris">"Cafés concerts et music-halls J : Jardin de Paris – Champs-Élysées, 8e"</a>. <i>du temps des cerises aux feuilles mortes .net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=du+temps+des+cerises+aux+feuilles+mortes+.net&rft.atitle=Caf%C3%A9s+concerts+et+music-halls+J+%3A+Jardin+de+Paris+%E2%80%93+Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es%2C+8e&rft.aulast=Dub%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Marchioro%2C+Jacques&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dutempsdescerisesauxfeuillesmortes.net%2Ftextes_divers%2Fcafes_concerts_et_music_halls%2Fcaf_conc_liste_alpha%2Fcafes_concerts_j.htm%23jardin_paris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e0-ea3f-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99">"L'entrée du Jardin de Paris"</a>. <i>NYPL Digital Collections</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NYPL+Digital+Collections&rft.atitle=L%27entr%C3%A9e+du+Jardin+de+Paris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcollections.nypl.org%2Fitems%2F510d47e0-ea3f-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-parisfordreamers-moulin-rouge-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-parisfordreamers-moulin-rouge_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence2019" class="citation web cs1">Lawrence, Katrina (1 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parisfordreamers.com/2019/07/01/in-search-of-the-lost-moulin-rouge/">"In Search of the Lost Moulin Rouge"</a>. <i>Paris For Dreamers</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Paris+For+Dreamers&rft.atitle=In+Search+of+the+Lost+Moulin+Rouge&rft.date=2019-07-01&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Katrina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fparisfordreamers.com%2F2019%2F07%2F01%2Fin-search-of-the-lost-moulin-rouge%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musees-occitanie.fr/oeuvre/toulouse-lautrec-et-tremolada/">"Toulouse-Lautrec et Tremolada, adjoint de Zidler au Moulin-Rouge, 1892"</a>. <i>La collection Toulouse-Lautrec</i> (in French). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mus%C3%A9es_Occitanie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musées Occitanie (page does not exist)">Musées Occitanie</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+collection+Toulouse-Lautrec&rft.atitle=Toulouse-Lautrec+et+Tremolada%2C+adjoint+de+Zidler+au+Moulin-Rouge%2C+1892&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusees-occitanie.fr%2Foeuvre%2Ftoulouse-lautrec-et-tremolada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grdn202404-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grdn202404_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grdn202404_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenley2024" class="citation news cs1">Henley, Jon (25 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/25/moulin-rouge-windmill-blades-collapse-in-paris">"Moulin Rouge windmill sails collapse in Paris"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Moulin+Rouge+windmill+sails+collapse+in+Paris&rft.date=2024-04-25&rft.aulast=Henley&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2024%2Fapr%2F25%2Fmoulin-rouge-windmill-blades-collapse-in-paris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">• <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://norman.hrc.utexas.edu/fasearch/findingaid.cfm?kw=cache+ton&x=40&y=9&eadid=01440&showrequest=1">"CACHE TON NU!, undated (Moulin-Rouge, Paris)--Portfolio No. 34"</a>. <i>B. J. Simmons & Co.: An Inventory of Its Costume Design Records</i>. <a href="/wiki/Harry_Ransom_Center" title="Harry Ransom Center">Harry Ransom Center</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=B.+J.+Simmons+%26+Co.%3A+An+Inventory+of+Its+Costume+Design+Records&rft.atitle=CACHE+TON+NU%21%2C+undated+%28Moulin-Rouge%2C+Paris%29--Portfolio+No.+34&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnorman.hrc.utexas.edu%2Ffasearch%2Ffindingaid.cfm%3Fkw%3Dcache%2Bton%26x%3D40%26y%3D9%26eadid%3D01440%26showrequest%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span><br />• <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beauxarts.com/expos/de-la-belle-epoque-aux-annees-folles-le-paris-de-la-couleur/">"De la Belle Époque aux Années folles : le Paris de la couleur"</a>. <i>Beaux Arts</i> (in French). 4 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Beaux+Arts&rft.atitle=De+la+Belle+%C3%89poque+aux+Ann%C3%A9es+folles+%3A+le+Paris+de+la+couleur&rft.date=2020-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.beauxarts.com%2Fexpos%2Fde-la-belle-epoque-aux-annees-folles-le-paris-de-la-couleur%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span><br />• <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonier2022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Monier, Noël (28 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.18dumois.info/L-ete-trop-chaud-de-1914.html">"L'été trop chaud de 1914"</a>. <i>Le 18e du mois</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+18e+du+mois&rft.atitle=L%27%C3%A9t%C3%A9+trop+chaud+de+1914&rft.date=2022-05-28&rft.aulast=Monier&rft.aufirst=No%C3%ABl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.18dumois.info%2FL-ete-trop-chaud-de-1914.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span><br />• <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/paris-le-moulin-rouge-14">"Paris – Le Moulin Rouge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Carnavalet" title="Musée Carnavalet">Musée Carnavalet</a></i>. Paris Musées<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mus%C3%A9e+Carnavalet&rft.atitle=Paris+%E2%80%93+Le+Moulin+Rouge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parismuseescollections.paris.fr%2Ffr%2Fmusee-carnavalet%2Foeuvres%2Fparis-le-moulin-rouge-14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span><br />• <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k290321j/f5.item.r=%22Belle%20d'Herlys%22.zoom">"Moulin Rouge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Figaro" title="Le Figaro">Le Figaro</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Gallica" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallica">Gallica</a>. 20 May 1914. p. 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Figaro&rft.atitle=Moulin+Rouge&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1914-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k290321j%2Ff5.item.r%3D%2522Belle%2520d%27Herlys%2522.zoom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span><br />• <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k4739456v/f3.item.r=d'Herlys.zoom">"Moulin Rouge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Bonnet_rouge" title="Le Bonnet rouge">Le Bonnet rouge</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Gallica" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallica">Gallica</a>. 24 July 1914<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Bonnet+rouge&rft.atitle=Moulin+Rouge&rft.date=1914-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k4739456v%2Ff3.item.r%3Dd%27Herlys.zoom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pariscityvision.com/en/paris-by-night/moulin-rouge/big-times-big-names-moulin-rouge">"The big periods of the Moulin Rouge – PARISCityVISION"</a>. <i>pariscityvision.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pariscityvision.com&rft.atitle=The+big+periods+of+the+Moulin+Rouge+%E2%80%93+PARISCityVISION&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pariscityvision.com%2Fen%2Fparis-by-night%2Fmoulin-rouge%2Fbig-times-big-names-moulin-rouge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/51780394">"Underneath a Harlem moon : the Harlem to Paris years of Adelaide Hall | WorldCat.org"</a>. <i>search.worldcat.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=search.worldcat.org&rft.atitle=Underneath+a+Harlem+moon+%3A+the+Harlem+to+Paris+years+of+Adelaide+Hall+%7C+WorldCat.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2F51780394&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Les_secrets_du_Moulin_Rouge-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Les_secrets_du_Moulin_Rouge_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jaques Habas, <i>Les secrets du moulin rouge</i>, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-we-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-we_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Emotion in Motion: Tourism, Affect and Transformation, Dr David Picard, Professor Mike Robinson, Ashgate Publishing, 28 November 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compare 'Für Volk and Führer: The Memoir of a Veteran of the 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler, Erwin Bartmann, Helion and Company, 19 October 2013'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-telegraph-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/theatre-obituaries/9812108/Jacki-Clerico.html">"Jacki Clerico"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. London. 18 January 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/theatre-obituaries/9812108/Jacki-Clerico.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Jacki+Clerico&rft.date=2013-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fculture-obituaries%2Ftheatre-obituaries%2F9812108%2FJacki-Clerico.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Le_Moulin_Rouge-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Le_Moulin_Rouge_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacques Pessis et Jacques Crépineau, The Moulin Rouge, October 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2014/08/13/doris-haug-maitresse-de-ballet-du-moulin-rouge-est-morte_4471162_3382.html">"Doris Haug, maîtresse de ballet du Moulin Rouge, est morte"</a>. <i>Le Monde</i>. 13 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Doris+Haug%2C+ma%C3%AEtresse+de+ballet+du+Moulin+Rouge%2C+est+morte&rft.date=2014-08-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fdisparitions%2Farticle%2F2014%2F08%2F13%2Fdoris-haug-maitresse-de-ballet-du-moulin-rouge-est-morte_4471162_3382.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240425-blades-of-paris-landmark-moulin-rouge-windmill-collapse-1">"Blades of Paris landmark Moulin Rouge windmill collapse"</a>. France 24. 25 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Blades+of+Paris+landmark+Moulin+Rouge+windmill+collapse&rft.date=2024-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20240425-blades-of-paris-landmark-moulin-rouge-windmill-collapse-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-07-06/iconic-paris-cabaret-club-moulin-rouge-has-its-windmill-back/104067022">"Iconic Paris cabaret club Moulin Rouge has its windmill back after structure collapse in April"</a>. Australia: ABC News. 6 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Iconic+Paris+cabaret+club+Moulin+Rouge+has+its+windmill+back+after+structure+collapse+in+April&rft.date=2024-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2024-07-06%2Ficonic-paris-cabaret-club-moulin-rouge-has-its-windmill-back%2F104067022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoulin+Rouge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://m.independent.ie/opinion/comment/mary-kenny-paris-may-have-changed-but-2024-olympics-later-this-month-will-no-doubt-show-off-its-modern-charm/a970877267.html">https://m.independent.ie/opinion/comment/mary-kenny-paris-may-have-changed-but-2024-olympics-later-this-month-will-no-doubt-show-off-its-modern-charm/a970877267.html</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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href="http://www.theatre-architecture.eu/db/?theatreId=1621">EUTA theatre</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&oldid=1256399761">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moulin_Rouge&oldid=1256399761</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Moulin_Rouge" title="Category:Moulin Rouge">Moulin Rouge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cabarets_in_Paris" title="Category:Cabarets in Paris">Cabarets in Paris</a></li><li><a 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