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{"work":{"id":18583370,"created_at":"2015-11-18T06:38:18.893-08:00","from_world_paper_id":144706623,"updated_at":"2024-11-18T04:33:45.908-08:00","_data":{"grobid_abstract":"The leprosy known today primarily from tropical areas was a relatively common disease in European Middle Ages. This article describes two skeletons bearing palaeopathological indications of leprosy from a cemetery at Zatec in North-West Bohemia (Czech Republic). The archaeological context clearly shows that these individuals were buried prior to the second decade of the 12th century, and most probably in the second half of 11th century. This rules out the possibility that these individuals might have contracted the disease in connection with the Crusades, in which a Bohemian contingent under Prince Vladislav II participated from 1141 to 1142. Molecular genetic methods were applied to detect specific DNA fragments of the causative agent of leprosy, Mycobacterium leprae. The nasal concha of one individual yielded DNA that could be directly sequenced after isolation and amplification. The vertebral body of the second individual, on the other hand, did not provide DNA of sufficient quality for direct sequencing and only weak amplification was detectable. The morphological and genetic analyses both indicate that leprosy existed prior to the Crusades in medieval Bohemia, albeit that its prevalence was probably not as great as in northern or western Europe.","publication_date":"2006,,","publication_name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"40141438"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Two cases of leprosy from Žatec (Bohemia), dated to the turn of the 12th century and confirmed by DNA analysis for Mycobacterium leprae","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [38621225]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 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src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Viktor Cerný</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2006, Journal of Archaeological Science</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">8 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 18583370; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=18583370"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const 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The purpose of this study is two-fold: firstly, to review the published cases of the osseous leprosy in Eastern Hungary, and secondly, to present a new case dated to the 10–13th century of a region of present-day Eastern Hungary. In this region 8 cases have already been published from the 10–12th centuries. The new case of osseous leprosy (Hajdúdorog-Szállásföldek) – from the 12–13th centuries – is housed at the Jósa András Múzeum in Nyíregyháza. The paleopathological investigation was carried out using macroscopic observation and the isolation and analysis of DNA for the detection of Mycobacterium leprae was carried out in London. The bone changes were manifested in the skull.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Leprosy in the 10–13TH Century Ad in Eastern Hungary","attachmentId":68304923,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50248395/Leprosy_in_the_10_13TH_Century_Ad_in_Eastern_Hungary","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/50248395/Leprosy_in_the_10_13TH_Century_Ad_in_Eastern_Hungary"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="12239164" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12239164/A_migration_driven_model_for_the_historical_spread_of_leprosy_in_medieval_Eastern_and_Central_Europe">A migration-driven model for the historical spread of leprosy in medieval Eastern and Central Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30757408" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/MariaGiovannaBelcastro">Maria Giovanna Belcastro</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30813571" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WuHoudini">Houdini Wu</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="71626335" href="https://univie.academia.edu/RPinhasi">Ron Pinhasi</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="676760" href="https://nhmus.academia.edu/IldikoPap">Ildiko Pap</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31034778" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/ValentinaMariotti">Valentina Mariotti</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30813935" href="https://beniculturali.academia.edu/MauroRubini">Mauro Rubini</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Leprosy was rare in Europe during the Roman period, yet its prevalence increased dramatically in medieval times. We examined human remains, with paleopathological lesions indicative of leprosy, dated to the 6th-11th century AD, from Central and Eastern Europe and Byzantine Anatolia. Analysis of ancient DNA and bacterial cell wall lipid biomarkers revealed Mycobacterium leprae in skeletal remains from 6th-8th century Northern Italy, 7th-11th century Hungary, 8th-9th century Austria, the Slavic Greater Moravian Empire of the 9th-10th century and 8th-10th century Byzantine samples from Northern Anatolia. These data were analyzed alongside findings published by others. M. leprae is an obligate human pathogen that has undergone an evolutionary bottleneck followed by clonal expansion. Therefore M. leprae genotypes and sub-genotypes give information about the human populations they have infected and their migration. Although data are limited, genotyping demonstrates that historical M. lepr...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A migration-driven model for the historical spread of leprosy in medieval Eastern and Central Europe","attachmentId":46288179,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12239164/A_migration_driven_model_for_the_historical_spread_of_leprosy_in_medieval_Eastern_and_Central_Europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12239164/A_migration_driven_model_for_the_historical_spread_of_leprosy_in_medieval_Eastern_and_Central_Europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="2148280" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2148280/Co_infection_of_Mycobacterium_tuberculosis_and_Mycobacterium_leprae_in_human_archaeological_samples_a_possible_explanation_for_the_historical_decline_of_leprosy">Co–infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae in human archaeological samples: a possible explanation for the historical decline of leprosy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2777695" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarkSpigelman">Mark Spigelman</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">… of the Royal …, 2005</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Co–infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae in human archaeological samples: a possible explanation for the historical decline of leprosy","attachmentId":30203648,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2148280/Co_infection_of_Mycobacterium_tuberculosis_and_Mycobacterium_leprae_in_human_archaeological_samples_a_possible_explanation_for_the_historical_decline_of_leprosy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2148280/Co_infection_of_Mycobacterium_tuberculosis_and_Mycobacterium_leprae_in_human_archaeological_samples_a_possible_explanation_for_the_historical_decline_of_leprosy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":40141438,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":40141438,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_40141438" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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